Unit 3 Sports and Fitness必须掌握的词根词缀 任务单-2025-2026学年人教版(2019)高中英语必修第一册

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名称 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness必须掌握的词根词缀 任务单-2025-2026学年人教版(2019)高中英语必修第一册
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2019新人教版 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 必须掌握的词根词缀
单词 前缀 词根/词基(含义) 后缀 中文义
stadium stad(站立) ium(场所) 体育场
badminton badminton(地名) 羽毛球
marathon marathon(地名) 马拉松
event e- (=ex-) 出 vent(来) 赛事
gymnastics gymn(裸身训练) ics(学科) 体操
legend leg(读) end 传奇
athlete athl(竞赛) ete 运动员
master mag(大) ster 大师
honour hon(尊敬) our 荣誉
glory glor(名声) y 荣耀
medal med(金属) al 奖牌
determination de- 加强 termin(界限) ation 决心
injure in- 进入 jur(法律/伤害) e 伤害
captain cap(头) ain 队长
graceful grace(优雅) ful 优美的
strength streng(强) th 力量
failure fail(失败) ure 失败
compete com- 共同 pet(追求) e 竞争
pretend pre- 前 tend(伸) d 假装
million mille(千) ion 百万
audience aud(听) ience 观众
positive pos(放置) itive 积极的
stress strict(拉紧) s 压力
error err(走错) or 错误
【必须掌握的 12 个高频词根 / 词缀】
词根词缀 含义 已学例词 再举 2 个衍生词
pet / petit 追求、竞争 compete competition, appetite
termin 界限、终点 determine terminal, terminate
aud(i) 听 audience audio, audition
vis / vid 看 vision visible, evidence
cap / capit 头、首 captain capital, decapitate
jur / just 法律、伤害 injury justice, jury
pos / posit 放置 positive position, deposit
err 走错、犯错 error erroneous, erratic
ion / tion 名词后缀 determination competition, solution
ful 充满的 graceful useful, powerful
com- / con- 共同、加强 compete, contact combine, collect
ment 名词后缀 arrangement movement, government
【考试/阅读出现频率高的词根词缀】
词根 含义 构词能力 考试/阅读出现频率
-vent- 来,出现 高(event, prevent, convent)
-tract- 拉,拖 极高(attract, contract, subtract)
-aud- 听 高(audio, audience, auditorium)
-pos- 放,放置 极高(compose, dispose, impose, oppose)
-termin- 界限,终点 高(determine, terminate, exterminate)
-pet- 追求,寻求 高(compete, appetite, petition)
-jur- 法律,正义 中高(jury, injure, perjure)
-ness 状态,性质(名词后缀) 极高(几乎所有形容词可加)
【词根闯关练习题】
一、选择题(选出含目标词根的单词)
含“竞争/追求”词根 pet 的是
A. appetite B. injury C. captain D. error ( )
含“界限”词根 termin 的是
A. terminal B. audience C. graceful D. transport ( )
含“听”词根 aud 的是
A. audio B. vision C. error D. captain ( )
含“看”词根 vis / vid 的是
A. visible B. injury C. determine D. compete ( )
含“头”词根 cap 的是
A. capital B. positive C. error D. audience ( )
二、填空题(用括号成分造词)
com- + pet + ition → ________(竞争名词)
grace + ful → ________(优雅的)
determine + ation → ________(决心名词)
三、连线题(把词根连到中文义)
jur a. 看
vis b. 法律/伤害
aud c. 听
termin d. 界限
四、下列每题只有一个正确答案,请在括号内填写字母。
下列哪个单词含有“追求 / 竞争”含义的词根
A. captain B. injury C. appetite D. error ( )
下列哪个单词含有“界限 / 终点”含义的词根?
A. transport B. audience C. graceful D. terminal ( )
下列哪个单词含有“听”含义的词根 ?
A. audio B. vision C. error D. captain ( )
下列哪个单词含有“看”含义的词根?
A. determine B. injury C. visible D. compete ( )
下列哪个单词含有“头 / 首”含义的词根?
A. positive B. capital C. error D. audience ( )
下列哪个单词含有“放置”含义的词根?
A. position B. captain C. injury D. error ( )
下列哪个单词含有“法律 / 伤害”含义的词根?
A. justice B. vision C. audience D. determine ( )
下列哪个单词含有“走错 / 犯错”含义的词根?
A. graceful B. transport C. error D. compete ( )
下列哪个单词含有“共同 / 加强”含义的前缀?
A. compete B. injury C. statue D. hike ( )
下列哪个单词含有“名词后缀” -ion / tion?
A. credit B. graceful C competition. D. transport ( )
五、进阶选择题
1. “Attract” means to:
A. push away B. pull toward
C. stand still D. run fast
2. The word "determination" contains the root "-termin-", which means:
A. to love B. to see
C. boundary, end D. to write
3. If someone files a "petition", they are:
A. eating quickly B. formally asking for something
C. running a race D. building a house
4. "Audible" means:
A. able to be seen B. able to be heard
C. able to be touched D. able to be smelled
5. The prefix "com-" in "compete" means:
A. against B. without
C. together D. after
6. "Intervene" comes from "inter-" + "-ven-". It most likely means:
A. to come between B. to come after
C. to come before D. to come again
7. "Opposite" contains the root "-pos-". What does "op-" mean
A. on B. under
C. against, facing D. around
8. "Injury" is related to injustice because both contain:
A. -vent- B. -jur-
C. -tract- D. -ness
9. Which word does NOT contain the root "-pos-"
A. compose B. dispose
C. suppose D. distract
10. "Event" literally means:
A. something hidden B. something that comes out
C. something forgotten D. something repeated
【参考答案】
一、选择题;1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A
二、填空题:6 competition 7 graceful 8 determination
三、连线题9-b 10-a 11-c 12-d
四、选择题
1 C 2 D 3 A 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 A 8 C 9 A 10 C
五.进阶练习答案与详细解析
题号 答案 解析
1 B at- = ad-(向),-tract- = 拉 → attract = 吸引(拉向)
2 C -termin- = 界限,终点 → determination = 下定决心(设定界限)
3 B -pet- = 追求 → petition = 正式请求(追求某事)
4 B -aud- = 听,-ible = 能…的 → audible = 能听见的
5 C com- = 一起 → compete = 一起追求目标 → 竞争
6 A inter- = 在…之间,-ven- = 来 → intervene = 插入中间 → 介入
7 C op- = ob- 的变体,表示“对面,反对” → opposite = 放在对面
8 B injury 和 injustice 都含 -jur-(法律/正义)→ “不公”即伤害
9 D distract = dis- + -tract-(拉走);其他三项都含 -pos-(放置)
10 B e- = ex-(出),-vent- = 来 → event = 出来发生的事