2026人教版高中英语必修第一册练习--UNIT 3 Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking（含答案与解析）
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2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The soldier got in battle and had a serious to the left leg.(injure)
2.I could not make sense what he said until he told me the story in detail.
3.(2025广东肇庆期末)It is a reminder that success isn't about where you start, but about the (strong) of your will and the dreams rooted in your heart.
4.The audience (be) dressed in all kinds of ways, some in suits, some in dresses, and some in jeans.
5.(2023全国甲)With (million) of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done.
6.Many (compete) from different countries came to the city and competed each other in the (compete) game for medals.
7.(2025广东汕头月考)They cheat themselves taking exercise the next day or pretend (do) it otherwise(不然), which doesn't make sense.
8.When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about (compete) or whether or not I was (athlete).
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
完成下面的附加疑问句
1.(2025山东菏泽月考)You found my keys in the classroom,
2.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent,
3.This is a really lively party. There's a great atmosphere,
4.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,
5.It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party,
6.You and I could hardly work together,
7.(2025山西大同期中)Let's go and work out in the gym,
8.(2025广东实验中学期中)Lily, don't forget to give Polly some food and change her water,
9.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,
10.It's the first time that he has admired the beautiful view,
11.I don't believe she will come,
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.当妈妈进屋时,杰克藏起了给妈妈的生日贺卡并假装正在看书。(pretend)
Jack hid the birthday card for his mother and a book when his mother came into the room.(读后续写—动作描写)
2.(2025广东台山期中)虽然幽默感是一种自然特征,但它也可以通过社交活动来发展。
is a natural characteristic, it can also be developed through social activities.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025山西太原月考)
For a number of Indians who for over half a century have replayed a race again and again, Milkha Singh's 400-metre final run at the Rome Olympics should be among the greatest heartbreaking things in global sporting history. In fact, they hoped it would throw up a different result.
However, continued praise for the man decades later is due to the effort by this India's greatest track athlete on that September day in the Italian capital, though he still missed out on becoming India's first Olympic track and field medallist.
As he was growing up, he used to run barefoot daily on hot sand to school, which was located 20 kilometres from his house. He thinks this is good training but knows it is not possible to ask children to do this today. However, he does feel that the early identification of talented athletes is also important for India's athletic teams to shine.
In the last few years India has judged success purely in terms of medals, but looking into the past reveals how a more generous generation salute(颂扬) Milkha as a pioneer. Milkha is India's finest track athlete of all time. He remains the only Indian male to win an individual Commonwealth Games athletics gold—he won the 440 yards at Cardiff in 1958, becoming the first athlete from independent India to do so.
Since retiring(退休) from athletics, the former champion athlete has set up the Milkha Singh Charitable Trust, which helps poorer families survive if an athlete in those families has died. Part of the profits from the film Bhaag Milkha Bhaag went to his trust.
Finally, let's read a quote from Milkha himself: “There is no shortcut to success.” A scene in the film shows Milkha Singh running with injured feet—this actually happened. “I haven't found an alternative to hard work. You need to be patient, dedicated and true to yourself and your work.”
1.What has won Milkha Singh continued praise
A.His early hard life experiences.
B.His outstanding athletic talent.
C.His status in global sports history.
D.His effort to win an Olympic medal.
2.What does Milkha Singh think of his early training
A.Exciting. B.Unbearable. C.Helpful. D.Useless.
3.What did Milkha Singh do after his retirement
A.He turned into a movie actor.
B.He learned to do business.
C.He became an athletic trainer.
D.He concentrated on charity work.
4.What can we learn from Milkha Singh's words
A.Hard work leads to success. B.Do something different.
C.Medals measure everything. D.Stick to your dream.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025福建三明四校联考)
Outdoor exercise offers many choices like running, biking, hiking or other outdoor sports. The health benefits of spending time in nature have long been known, which can improve both physical and mental health(身心健康). 1 .
Start with what you like. If you haven't been active for a while, think back to activities you enjoyed years ago. 2 . If you haven't run for a while and suddenly start sprinting(冲刺), you could injure yourself. It's good for you to choose gentle activities first. Warm up and stretch to avoid possible injuries.
3 . One benefit of exercising outside is that there's no need for expensive equipment. Practise strength training by using your body weight and whatever is usable. 4 . You can also practise sit-ups on the grass. Repeat 8 to 10 times, or no more than what you are comfortable with, and add sets with short breaks in between as you get stronger.
Stay encouraged—even in bad weather. When it rains or the weather turns colder, it helps to remember these words: 5 . Buy a jacket that breathes and a light hat you can use on sunny or rainy days. Having an exercise partner waiting for you can help keep you encouraged. And setting a goal to work toward—such as a charity walk or a marathon—can also help keep you going.
A.Try to make exercise interesting
B.Build strength with what's around
C.There's no success without hard work
D.Here's advice from training experts on getting into outdoor exercise
E.For example, find a picnic table or a low wall to do half push-ups
F.There's no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong choice of clothes
G.However, be fully prepared before jumping back into a sport you used to play
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025湖南长沙市一中期末)
My least favorite part was participating in meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was 1 . I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge(冲动) to go to the nearest 2 . This year, however, I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach.
The 800-meter event was around the corner, meaning that I would 3 soon. I breathed deeply and tried to 4 my worry. I walked over to some of the 5 who would run with me and started to 6 with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as 7 as possible.
The starter raised his gun and 8 . About twenty-five runners took off. With these runners around me, I 9 my coach's words, “You may be small, but you have 10 power.” So, I kept up with athletes twice my size. One by one, I 11 to make it to the top four, bursting around the track.
It was the last lap before the final straightaway(直道), so I widened my steps, quickening my 12 . I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side in the last 100 meters—I 13 him by a hair at the finishing line.
My coach gave me a 14 hug as I headed back to see him. He was 15 because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least.
1.A.amazed B.nervous
C.comfortable D.confused
2.A.stadium B.campus
C.bathroom D.station
3.A.delay B.fail
C.escape D.compete
4.A.ignore B.improve
C.explore D.imagine
5.A.volunteers B.judges
C.runners D.coaches
6.A.watch out B.turn back
C.come along D.warm up
7.A.smoothly B.rapidly
C.obviously D.patiently
8.A.cheated B.survived
C.screamed D.fired
9.A.appreciated B.recalled
C.requested D.adapted
10.A.exact B.great
C.practical D.suitable
11.A.offered B.sweated
C.managed D.regretted
12.A.schedule B.challenge
C.determination D.pace
13.A.beat B.pushed
C.dragged D.followed
14.A.graceful B.cautious
C.firm D.slight
15.A.shocked B.disappointed
C.frightened D.depressed
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.injured;injury 考查过去分词和名词。get injured意为“受伤”,所以第一空填过去分词injured;第二空由a serious修饰,所以应填名词injury构成名词短语。
2.of 考查介词。make sense of 为固定搭配,意为“理解;弄懂”。句意:直到他把故事详细地告诉我,我才明白他说的话。
3.strength 考查名词。句意:这提醒我们,成功不在于你从哪里开始,而在于你意志的力量和根植于你心中的梦想。根据设空处前的冠词the和设空处后的介词of可知应填名词strength。
4.are/were 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:观众们衣着各不相同,有的穿着西服,有的穿着连衣裙,有的穿着牛仔裤。根据语境可知这里可用一般现在时或一般过去时。根据后面的some...some...and some...可知,主语audience侧重的是其中的个体,所以谓语动词用复数,故填are或were。
知识拓展
audience作主语时,若强调许多个体,谓语动词用复数;若强调一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
5.millions 考查数词。millions of意为“数百万的……”,故填millions。
6.competitors;with/against;competitive 考查名词、介词和形容词。根据Many可知第一空填复数名词,表示“参赛者”,故填competitors;compete with/against...意为“和……竞争”,所以第二空填with或against;第三空修饰game,表示“竞争的”,应填形容词competitive。句意:许多来自不同国家的参赛者来到这个城市,在竞技比赛中互相竞争奖牌。
7.into;to have done 考查cheat和pretend的用法。句意:他们骗自己第二天会去锻炼,不然就假装已经锻炼过了,可这根本说不通。cheat sb. into doing sth.意为“欺骗某人做某事”,故第一空填介词into;第二空表示“假装已经做了某事”,应用pretend to have done...,故填to have done。
8.competition;athletic 考查名词和形容词。句意:当我30多岁开始跑步时,我意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗,而与竞争或我是否擅长运动无关。第一空位于介词后,表示“竞争(不可数名词)”,故填competition;第二空作表语,表示“擅长运动的”,故填athletic。
Ⅱ.1.didn't you 2.is there 3.isn't there 4.didn't I
5.does it 6.could we 7.shall we 8.will/can you
9.didn't she 10.isn't it 11.will she
Ⅲ.1.pretended to be reading 2.Even if/though the sense of humor
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度著名田径运动员Milkha Singh的事迹。
【高频词汇】 1.global adj.全球的;全世界的 2.decade n.十年 3.in terms of 在……方面 4.reveal vt.揭示;显示 5.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的 6.individual adj.个人的 n.个人 7.independent adj.独立的 8.profit n.利润,收益 9.alternative n.可供选择的事物
10.dedicated adj.献身的,专注的
【熟词生义】 1.shine 熟义:v.照耀;发光 生义:v.出众;表现突出 2.trust 熟义:n.& v.信任 生义:n.信托机构
【差距词汇】 1.throw up产生 2.miss out on错失……的机会 3.identification n.确认;识别
知识拓展
《灵魂奔跑者》(Bhaag Milkha Bhaag)由拉凯什·奥姆普拉卡西·梅赫拉执导,于2013年7月12日在印度上映。影片主要讲述了印度传奇田径运动员米尔哈·辛格的生平。他经历了家破人亡、印巴分治以及无家可归,但他战胜了种种磨难,最终成了印度最具标志性的运动员。
1.D 细节理解题。第二段讲到,然而,数十年后人们对Milkha Singh的持续赞誉源于这位印度最伟大的田径运动员在那个九月的一天于意大利首都付出的努力,尽管他仍未能成为印度首位奥运会田径奖牌获得者。所以是Milkha Singh为赢得奥运会奖牌所付出的努力让他获得持续赞誉。故选D。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,Milkha Singh小时候每天都赤脚在热沙上跑去离他家有20千米远的学校上学,他认为这是很好的训练。故推知,他认为他早期的训练是有益的。故选C。
3.D 细节理解题。第五段讲到,自从从田径运动退役后,这位前冠军运动员成立了米尔哈·辛格慈善信托机构。如果一些贫困家庭中有运动员去世,该机构能够帮助这些家庭维持生计。所以他退役后专注于慈善工作。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中引用的Milkha 的话“成功没有捷径”和“我还没找到能代替努力工作的方法。你需要有耐心,有奉献精神,并忠于你自己和你的工作”可推知,我们从中能够学到努力工作才能成功。故选A。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章针对户外运动给出了几条合理的建议。
【高频词汇】 1.benefit n.好处 2.stretch vi.伸展;舒展
3.no more than仅仅;至多 4.charity n.慈善;慈善机构(或组织)
【熟词生义】 breathe 熟义:v.呼吸 生义:v.透气
【差距词汇】 1.in between在期间;在中间 2.get into开始;参与
1.D 过渡句。上文提出户外运动有益于身心健康。下面每段给出了一种具体做法,分析选项可知,D项“这里是锻炼专家对进行户外运动的建议”将文章由户外运动的好处过渡到下文的具体做法,符合逻辑。故选D。
2.G 细节句。设空处与上下文构成的语意结构为:如果你已经有一段时间没有进行过运动了,那就回想一下多年前你喜欢的活动→ →如果你已经有一段时间没跑步了,却突然开始冲刺,你可能会伤到自己(反面的例子)。分析选项可知,G项“然而,在重新投入到你过去常进行的运动中之前,要做好充分的准备”与上文形成转折关系,同时呼应下文举的反面例子,符合语境。be fully prepared与该段最后一句的Warm up and stretch呼应。故选G。
3.B 主旨句。设空处位于段首,为本段主旨句。后文提到“在户外锻炼的一个好处是无需昂贵的(健身)器材”以及“利用你的体重和任何可用的东西来进行力量训练”,分析选项可知,B项“利用身边的东西来增强力量”能够概括“无需昂贵的(健身)器材”和“利用任何可用的东西来进行力量训练”。故选B。
4.E 细节句。根据上一句中的“whatever is usable”以及下一句提到的“你也可以在草地上练习仰卧起坐”可推知,下文对上文“任何可用的东西”给出了具体实例,且由下一句中的“also”可推知,设空处与下一句有并列关系,所以也是“利用任何可用的东西进行锻炼”的实例。故E项“例如,找一张野餐桌或一堵矮墙做半俯卧撑”符合语境。故选E。
5.F 细节句。根据空前的“bad weather”“it rains or the weather turns colder”以及空后的“a jacket that breathes and a light hat you can use on sunny or rainy days”可知,本段与天气和衣服有关,故F项“没有坏天气,只有选错了的衣服”符合语境。故选F。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者之前不喜欢赛跑,但在一次长跑比赛中,作者深受教练的鼓励,最终取得了意想不到的佳绩。
【高频词汇】 1.participate in参加;参与 2.around the corner即将来临 3.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 4.original adj.原来的,起初的
【熟词生义】 1.meet 熟义:v.相遇 生义:n.体育比赛
2.a hair 熟义:一根头发 生义:少量,一点儿
【差距词汇】 1.loosen up放松 2.burst v.猛冲
1.B 根据下文“I had butterflies in my stomach”可知,当面对与其他运动员的比赛时,作者心中忐忑不安,所以很紧张。A.吃惊的;B.紧张的;C.舒适的;D.困惑的。故选B。
2.C 根据空前的“I had butterflies in my stomach”可知,作者心里忐忑不安,非常紧张,结合选项和常识可推知,这里指有想要去洗手间的冲动。A.体育场;B.校园;C.洗手间;D.火车站。故选C。
3.D 根据空前的“The 800-meter event was around the corner”可知,800米项目即将到来,故推知,作者马上就要参加比赛了。A.推迟;B.失败;C.逃离;D.参加比赛。故选D。
4.A 根据空前的“I breathed deeply”可推知,作者深呼吸应该是转移注意力,让自己不那么紧张,即“忽略”自己的担忧。A.忽略;B.改善;C.探索;D.想象。故选A。
5.C 根据空后的“who would run with me”可推知,这里应该指与作者一起参加赛跑的运动员。A.志愿者;B.裁判;C.赛跑者;D.教练。故选C。
6.D 根据下句“We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as 7 as possible.”可推知,作者和其他运动员都开始做的事情应该是赛跑之前的准备活动,即“热身”。A.当心;B.返回;C.跟随;D.热身。故选D。
7.B 根据空前的“We were all loosening up”并结合常识可知,这里指运动员们都准备好了尽可能快地奔跑。A.顺利地;B.快速地;C.明显地;D.耐心地。故选B。
8.D 根据空后的“About twenty-five runners took off.”并结合空前的“The starter raised his gun”可知,发令员开枪以示比赛开始,随后运动员起跑。A.欺骗;B.幸存;C.尖叫;D.开枪。故选D。
9.B 根据引号里的内容“You may be small, but you have 10 power.”可知,这里指作者回忆起教练的话。A.感激;B.回忆起;C.请求;D.适应。故选B。
10.B 根据“You may be small”以及but可知,逗号前后内容为转折关系,结合下文描述的作者赶上体型是他两倍的运动员可知,这里指作者虽然体型弱小,但是有巨大的力量。A.准确的;B.巨大的;C.实际的;D.适合的。故选B。
11.C 根据空后的“make it to the top four”可推知,作者设法成功地进入了前四。A.提供;B.流汗;C.设法做到;D.后悔。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”。故选C。
12.D 根据空前的“I widened my steps”可推知,作者在前四名的基础上朝前冲刺,所以是增大步幅,加快速度。A.时刻表;B.挑战;C.决心;D.速度。故选D。
13.A 根据空后的“by a hair at the finishing line”以及上文描述的终点冲刺的情景可推知,在最后的100米作者以微弱的优势击败了对手,赢得了比赛。A.打败;B.推;C.拖;D.跟随。故选A。
14.C 根据最后一句的“I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least”并结合上文描述的作者比赛前的状态以及比赛过程中的赶超可推知,作者赢得比赛很不容易,最后成绩出乎意料,所以教练给了作者一个紧紧的拥抱。A.优雅的;B.谨慎的;C.牢固的,强有力的;D.轻微的。故选C。
15.A 根据空后的“I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least”可知,在作者比原来的时间缩短了至少12秒后,教练不敢相信这个成绩,所以应该是感觉震惊。A.震惊的;B.失望的;C.害怕的;D.沮丧的。故选A。
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2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The soldier got in battle and had a serious to the left leg.(injure)
2.I could not make sense what he said until he told me the story in detail.
3.(2025广东肇庆期末)It is a reminder that success isn't about where you start, but about the (strong) of your will and the dreams rooted in your heart.
4.The audience (be) dressed in all kinds of ways, some in suits, some in dresses, and some in jeans.
5.(2023全国甲)With (million) of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done.
6.Many (compete) from different countries came to the city and competed each other in the (compete) game for medals.
7.(2025广东汕头月考)They cheat themselves taking exercise the next day or pretend (do) it otherwise(不然), which doesn't make sense.
8.When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about (compete) or whether or not I was (athlete).
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
完成下面的附加疑问句
1.(2025山东菏泽月考)You found my keys in the classroom,
2.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent,
3.This is a really lively party. There's a great atmosphere,
4.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,
5.It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party,
6.You and I could hardly work together,
7.(2025山西大同期中)Let's go and work out in the gym,
8.(2025广东实验中学期中)Lily, don't forget to give Polly some food and change her water,
9.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,
10.It's the first time that he has admired the beautiful view,
11.I don't believe she will come,
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.当妈妈进屋时,杰克藏起了给妈妈的生日贺卡并假装正在看书。(pretend)
Jack hid the birthday card for his mother and a book when his mother came into the room.(读后续写—动作描写)
2.(2025广东台山期中)虽然幽默感是一种自然特征,但它也可以通过社交活动来发展。
is a natural characteristic, it can also be developed through social activities.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025山西太原月考)
For a number of Indians who for over half a century have replayed a race again and again, Milkha Singh's 400-metre final run at the Rome Olympics should be among the greatest heartbreaking things in global sporting history. In fact, they hoped it would throw up a different result.
However, continued praise for the man decades later is due to the effort by this India's greatest track athlete on that September day in the Italian capital, though he still missed out on becoming India's first Olympic track and field medallist.
As he was growing up, he used to run barefoot daily on hot sand to school, which was located 20 kilometres from his house. He thinks this is good training but knows it is not possible to ask children to do this today. However, he does feel that the early identification of talented athletes is also important for India's athletic teams to shine.
In the last few years India has judged success purely in terms of medals, but looking into the past reveals how a more generous generation salute(颂扬) Milkha as a pioneer. Milkha is India's finest track athlete of all time. He remains the only Indian male to win an individual Commonwealth Games athletics gold—he won the 440 yards at Cardiff in 1958, becoming the first athlete from independent India to do so.
Since retiring(退休) from athletics, the former champion athlete has set up the Milkha Singh Charitable Trust, which helps poorer families survive if an athlete in those families has died. Part of the profits from the film Bhaag Milkha Bhaag went to his trust.
Finally, let's read a quote from Milkha himself: “There is no shortcut to success.” A scene in the film shows Milkha Singh running with injured feet—this actually happened. “I haven't found an alternative to hard work. You need to be patient, dedicated and true to yourself and your work.”
1.What has won Milkha Singh continued praise
A.His early hard life experiences.
B.His outstanding athletic talent.
C.His status in global sports history.
D.His effort to win an Olympic medal.
2.What does Milkha Singh think of his early training
A.Exciting. B.Unbearable. C.Helpful. D.Useless.
3.What did Milkha Singh do after his retirement
A.He turned into a movie actor.
B.He learned to do business.
C.He became an athletic trainer.
D.He concentrated on charity work.
4.What can we learn from Milkha Singh's words
A.Hard work leads to success. B.Do something different.
C.Medals measure everything. D.Stick to your dream.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025福建三明四校联考)
Outdoor exercise offers many choices like running, biking, hiking or other outdoor sports. The health benefits of spending time in nature have long been known, which can improve both physical and mental health(身心健康). 1 .
Start with what you like. If you haven't been active for a while, think back to activities you enjoyed years ago. 2 . If you haven't run for a while and suddenly start sprinting(冲刺), you could injure yourself. It's good for you to choose gentle activities first. Warm up and stretch to avoid possible injuries.
3 . One benefit of exercising outside is that there's no need for expensive equipment. Practise strength training by using your body weight and whatever is usable. 4 . You can also practise sit-ups on the grass. Repeat 8 to 10 times, or no more than what you are comfortable with, and add sets with short breaks in between as you get stronger.
Stay encouraged—even in bad weather. When it rains or the weather turns colder, it helps to remember these words: 5 . Buy a jacket that breathes and a light hat you can use on sunny or rainy days. Having an exercise partner waiting for you can help keep you encouraged. And setting a goal to work toward—such as a charity walk or a marathon—can also help keep you going.
A.Try to make exercise interesting
B.Build strength with what's around
C.There's no success without hard work
D.Here's advice from training experts on getting into outdoor exercise
E.For example, find a picnic table or a low wall to do half push-ups
F.There's no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong choice of clothes
G.However, be fully prepared before jumping back into a sport you used to play
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025湖南长沙市一中期末)
My least favorite part was participating in meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was 1 . I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge(冲动) to go to the nearest 2 . This year, however, I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach.
The 800-meter event was around the corner, meaning that I would 3 soon. I breathed deeply and tried to 4 my worry. I walked over to some of the 5 who would run with me and started to 6 with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as 7 as possible.
The starter raised his gun and 8 . About twenty-five runners took off. With these runners around me, I 9 my coach's words, “You may be small, but you have 10 power.” So, I kept up with athletes twice my size. One by one, I 11 to make it to the top four, bursting around the track.
It was the last lap before the final straightaway(直道), so I widened my steps, quickening my 12 . I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side in the last 100 meters—I 13 him by a hair at the finishing line.
My coach gave me a 14 hug as I headed back to see him. He was 15 because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least.
1.A.amazed B.nervous
C.comfortable D.confused
2.A.stadium B.campus
C.bathroom D.station
3.A.delay B.fail
C.escape D.compete
4.A.ignore B.improve
C.explore D.imagine
5.A.volunteers B.judges
C.runners D.coaches
6.A.watch out B.turn back
C.come along D.warm up
7.A.smoothly B.rapidly
C.obviously D.patiently
8.A.cheated B.survived
C.screamed D.fired
9.A.appreciated B.recalled
C.requested D.adapted
10.A.exact B.great
C.practical D.suitable
11.A.offered B.sweated
C.managed D.regretted
12.A.schedule B.challenge
C.determination D.pace
13.A.beat B.pushed
C.dragged D.followed
14.A.graceful B.cautious
C.firm D.slight
15.A.shocked B.disappointed
C.frightened D.depressed
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.injured;injury 考查过去分词和名词。get injured意为“受伤”,所以第一空填过去分词injured;第二空由a serious修饰,所以应填名词injury构成名词短语。
2.of 考查介词。make sense of 为固定搭配,意为“理解;弄懂”。句意:直到他把故事详细地告诉我,我才明白他说的话。
3.strength 考查名词。句意:这提醒我们,成功不在于你从哪里开始,而在于你意志的力量和根植于你心中的梦想。根据设空处前的冠词the和设空处后的介词of可知应填名词strength。
4.are/were 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:观众们衣着各不相同,有的穿着西服,有的穿着连衣裙,有的穿着牛仔裤。根据语境可知这里可用一般现在时或一般过去时。根据后面的some...some...and some...可知,主语audience侧重的是其中的个体,所以谓语动词用复数,故填are或were。
知识拓展
audience作主语时,若强调许多个体,谓语动词用复数;若强调一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
5.millions 考查数词。millions of意为“数百万的……”,故填millions。
6.competitors;with/against;competitive 考查名词、介词和形容词。根据Many可知第一空填复数名词,表示“参赛者”,故填competitors;compete with/against...意为“和……竞争”,所以第二空填with或against;第三空修饰game,表示“竞争的”,应填形容词competitive。句意:许多来自不同国家的参赛者来到这个城市,在竞技比赛中互相竞争奖牌。
7.into;to have done 考查cheat和pretend的用法。句意:他们骗自己第二天会去锻炼,不然就假装已经锻炼过了,可这根本说不通。cheat sb. into doing sth.意为“欺骗某人做某事”,故第一空填介词into;第二空表示“假装已经做了某事”,应用pretend to have done...,故填to have done。
8.competition;athletic 考查名词和形容词。句意:当我30多岁开始跑步时,我意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗,而与竞争或我是否擅长运动无关。第一空位于介词后,表示“竞争(不可数名词)”,故填competition;第二空作表语,表示“擅长运动的”,故填athletic。
Ⅱ.1.didn't you 2.is there 3.isn't there 4.didn't I
5.does it 6.could we 7.shall we 8.will/can you
9.didn't she 10.isn't it 11.will she
Ⅲ.1.pretended to be reading 2.Even if/though the sense of humor
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度著名田径运动员Milkha Singh的事迹。
【高频词汇】 1.global adj.全球的;全世界的 2.decade n.十年 3.in terms of 在……方面 4.reveal vt.揭示;显示 5.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的 6.individual adj.个人的 n.个人 7.independent adj.独立的 8.profit n.利润,收益 9.alternative n.可供选择的事物
10.dedicated adj.献身的,专注的
【熟词生义】 1.shine 熟义:v.照耀;发光 生义:v.出众;表现突出 2.trust 熟义:n.& v.信任 生义:n.信托机构
【差距词汇】 1.throw up产生 2.miss out on错失……的机会 3.identification n.确认;识别
知识拓展
《灵魂奔跑者》(Bhaag Milkha Bhaag)由拉凯什·奥姆普拉卡西·梅赫拉执导,于2013年7月12日在印度上映。影片主要讲述了印度传奇田径运动员米尔哈·辛格的生平。他经历了家破人亡、印巴分治以及无家可归,但他战胜了种种磨难,最终成了印度最具标志性的运动员。
1.D 细节理解题。第二段讲到,然而,数十年后人们对Milkha Singh的持续赞誉源于这位印度最伟大的田径运动员在那个九月的一天于意大利首都付出的努力,尽管他仍未能成为印度首位奥运会田径奖牌获得者。所以是Milkha Singh为赢得奥运会奖牌所付出的努力让他获得持续赞誉。故选D。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,Milkha Singh小时候每天都赤脚在热沙上跑去离他家有20千米远的学校上学,他认为这是很好的训练。故推知,他认为他早期的训练是有益的。故选C。
3.D 细节理解题。第五段讲到,自从从田径运动退役后,这位前冠军运动员成立了米尔哈·辛格慈善信托机构。如果一些贫困家庭中有运动员去世,该机构能够帮助这些家庭维持生计。所以他退役后专注于慈善工作。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中引用的Milkha 的话“成功没有捷径”和“我还没找到能代替努力工作的方法。你需要有耐心,有奉献精神,并忠于你自己和你的工作”可推知,我们从中能够学到努力工作才能成功。故选A。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章针对户外运动给出了几条合理的建议。
【高频词汇】 1.benefit n.好处 2.stretch vi.伸展;舒展
3.no more than仅仅;至多 4.charity n.慈善;慈善机构(或组织)
【熟词生义】 breathe 熟义:v.呼吸 生义:v.透气
【差距词汇】 1.in between在期间;在中间 2.get into开始;参与
1.D 过渡句。上文提出户外运动有益于身心健康。下面每段给出了一种具体做法,分析选项可知,D项“这里是锻炼专家对进行户外运动的建议”将文章由户外运动的好处过渡到下文的具体做法,符合逻辑。故选D。
2.G 细节句。设空处与上下文构成的语意结构为:如果你已经有一段时间没有进行过运动了,那就回想一下多年前你喜欢的活动→ →如果你已经有一段时间没跑步了,却突然开始冲刺,你可能会伤到自己(反面的例子)。分析选项可知,G项“然而,在重新投入到你过去常进行的运动中之前,要做好充分的准备”与上文形成转折关系,同时呼应下文举的反面例子,符合语境。be fully prepared与该段最后一句的Warm up and stretch呼应。故选G。
3.B 主旨句。设空处位于段首,为本段主旨句。后文提到“在户外锻炼的一个好处是无需昂贵的(健身)器材”以及“利用你的体重和任何可用的东西来进行力量训练”,分析选项可知,B项“利用身边的东西来增强力量”能够概括“无需昂贵的(健身)器材”和“利用任何可用的东西来进行力量训练”。故选B。
4.E 细节句。根据上一句中的“whatever is usable”以及下一句提到的“你也可以在草地上练习仰卧起坐”可推知,下文对上文“任何可用的东西”给出了具体实例,且由下一句中的“also”可推知,设空处与下一句有并列关系,所以也是“利用任何可用的东西进行锻炼”的实例。故E项“例如,找一张野餐桌或一堵矮墙做半俯卧撑”符合语境。故选E。
5.F 细节句。根据空前的“bad weather”“it rains or the weather turns colder”以及空后的“a jacket that breathes and a light hat you can use on sunny or rainy days”可知,本段与天气和衣服有关,故F项“没有坏天气,只有选错了的衣服”符合语境。故选F。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者之前不喜欢赛跑,但在一次长跑比赛中,作者深受教练的鼓励,最终取得了意想不到的佳绩。
【高频词汇】 1.participate in参加;参与 2.around the corner即将来临 3.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 4.original adj.原来的,起初的
【熟词生义】 1.meet 熟义:v.相遇 生义:n.体育比赛
2.a hair 熟义:一根头发 生义:少量,一点儿
【差距词汇】 1.loosen up放松 2.burst v.猛冲
1.B 根据下文“I had butterflies in my stomach”可知,当面对与其他运动员的比赛时,作者心中忐忑不安,所以很紧张。A.吃惊的;B.紧张的;C.舒适的;D.困惑的。故选B。
2.C 根据空前的“I had butterflies in my stomach”可知,作者心里忐忑不安,非常紧张,结合选项和常识可推知,这里指有想要去洗手间的冲动。A.体育场;B.校园;C.洗手间;D.火车站。故选C。
3.D 根据空前的“The 800-meter event was around the corner”可知,800米项目即将到来,故推知,作者马上就要参加比赛了。A.推迟;B.失败;C.逃离;D.参加比赛。故选D。
4.A 根据空前的“I breathed deeply”可推知,作者深呼吸应该是转移注意力,让自己不那么紧张,即“忽略”自己的担忧。A.忽略;B.改善;C.探索;D.想象。故选A。
5.C 根据空后的“who would run with me”可推知,这里应该指与作者一起参加赛跑的运动员。A.志愿者;B.裁判;C.赛跑者;D.教练。故选C。
6.D 根据下句“We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as 7 as possible.”可推知,作者和其他运动员都开始做的事情应该是赛跑之前的准备活动,即“热身”。A.当心;B.返回;C.跟随;D.热身。故选D。
7.B 根据空前的“We were all loosening up”并结合常识可知,这里指运动员们都准备好了尽可能快地奔跑。A.顺利地;B.快速地;C.明显地;D.耐心地。故选B。
8.D 根据空后的“About twenty-five runners took off.”并结合空前的“The starter raised his gun”可知,发令员开枪以示比赛开始,随后运动员起跑。A.欺骗;B.幸存;C.尖叫;D.开枪。故选D。
9.B 根据引号里的内容“You may be small, but you have 10 power.”可知,这里指作者回忆起教练的话。A.感激;B.回忆起;C.请求;D.适应。故选B。
10.B 根据“You may be small”以及but可知,逗号前后内容为转折关系,结合下文描述的作者赶上体型是他两倍的运动员可知,这里指作者虽然体型弱小,但是有巨大的力量。A.准确的;B.巨大的;C.实际的;D.适合的。故选B。
11.C 根据空后的“make it to the top four”可推知,作者设法成功地进入了前四。A.提供;B.流汗;C.设法做到;D.后悔。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”。故选C。
12.D 根据空前的“I widened my steps”可推知,作者在前四名的基础上朝前冲刺,所以是增大步幅,加快速度。A.时刻表;B.挑战;C.决心;D.速度。故选D。
13.A 根据空后的“by a hair at the finishing line”以及上文描述的终点冲刺的情景可推知,在最后的100米作者以微弱的优势击败了对手,赢得了比赛。A.打败;B.推;C.拖;D.跟随。故选A。
14.C 根据最后一句的“I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least”并结合上文描述的作者比赛前的状态以及比赛过程中的赶超可推知,作者赢得比赛很不容易,最后成绩出乎意料,所以教练给了作者一个紧紧的拥抱。A.优雅的;B.谨慎的;C.牢固的,强有力的;D.轻微的。故选C。
15.A 根据空后的“I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least”可知,在作者比原来的时间缩短了至少12秒后,教练不敢相信这个成绩,所以应该是感觉震惊。A.震惊的;B.失望的;C.害怕的;D.沮丧的。故选A。
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