2026人教版高中英语必修第一册练习--UNIT 4 Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking（含答案与解析）
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2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.This event will supply you a valuable chance to work with experts in this field.
2.(2025江苏盐城月考)After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings (calm).
3.How can you survive such a poor diet Keeping slim doesn't make sense if you're not healthy.
4.(2025吉林东北师大附中期中)The next day people put up shelters in open air using anything that they could find.
5.(2022浙江1月)Meanwhile, over the course of the 19th century, (electric) went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity.
6.(2024新课标Ⅰ)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species the aid of a mobile application.
7.(2025广东广州期中)Changbai Mountain is famous as a volcano in modern China, but its last (erupt) was more than 300 years ago in 1702.
8.(2025安徽滁州期中)In order to tell how (power) a tornado is, scientists look at how much (destroy) it causes.
9.(2020全国Ⅱ)It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries (be) using emojis at work.
10.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it seems as if it (be) broken.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
将下列句子合并为含定语从句的主从复合句
1.Look at the boy and his dog. I meet them every day on my way to school.
2.I live next door to a couple. Their children often make a lot of noise.
3.He showed me a photo in his room. The photo was taken in Egypt by his father.
4.The city is in ruins. It was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday.
5.The man is our new manager. You spoke to him this morning.
题型(二)
用适当的关系代词填空
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary 1. drawings were shown at the exhibition(展览会) last month is a model student 2. is often praised for her good works at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall, our attention was attracted by a very large picture 3. was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse 4. is in the drawing is exactly like a real one. The man 5. is riding on it looks like a living man.
It is the best drawing 6. I have ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 7. I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary is a born painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the person of 8. her school is proud.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025重庆期中)
Nearly two weeks after the destructive 7.8-magnitude Turkey-Syria earthquake, first responders are continuing to search and rescue survivors. Over 40,000 people lost their lives in the natural disaster, and that number is expected to climb. But people are staying strong and holding out hope as rescuers continue to find survivors in the rubble. And as these survivors appear, the stories of their strength and courage are amazing.
In waiting to be rescued, many survivors are finding strength they didn't know they had. This was true for 33-year-old Necla Camuz, who was trapped inside her home in Turkey's Hatay province with her 10-day-old son, Yagiz, in her arms. She waited for over 90 hours before being rescued. To survive, she breastfed her baby, who was resting on her chest at the time of the earthquake. Camuz, who did not eat or drink anything, occasionally pounded on the pipes that then saved her and her child, hoping to draw the attention of rescuers.
While Camuz was terrified that they would never be found, she looked on her infant as a source of strength. She added that she was happy that he was too young to remember what had happened. Eventually, Camuz heard the sound of barking dogs and, shortly after, they were rescued. When the rescue team asked how old her son was, she didn't know how to respond. She knew he was 10 days old at the time of the earthquake, but wasn't sure how many days she had been trapped.
This story has an even happier ending, as when she arrived at the hospital, Camuz was given the news that her husband and 3-year-old son had also survived. They were in separate rooms of the apartment when the earthquake struck and were taken to different hospitals after sustaining injuries to their legs and feet. While the family has lost their home, they have now been reunited after this frightening experience.
Miracles are continuing to happen. Ten days after the earthquake, rescuer Mehmet Eryilma pulled a woman named Ela and her two children out of the ruins of a collapsed apartment in Turkey's Hatay province.
As always, these stories give hope that there are many people still waiting to be rescued. But once saved from the ruins, there is a hard road ahead as people have lost their homes, and many have also lost their families. If you are looking for a way to help, consider giving money to GlobalGiving's earthquake fund.
1.How does the writer explain the destruction of the earthquake
A.By showing a number. B.By giving an example.
C.By making a comparison. D.By describing the scene.
2.What can we infer about Necla Camuz's experience after the earthquake
A.Her husband gave her hope when she was trapped.
B.She was trapped with her baby for nearly three days.
C.She managed to draw rescuers by making sounds.
D.She calmly communicated with the rescuers throughout.
3.How can people help survivors
A.By joining the rescue teams.
B.By contributing to a disaster relief fund.
C.By visiting the affected areas to offer support.
D.By providing shelter for survivors.
4.What is the best title of the article
A.Rebuilding Homes after the Earthquake
B.The Night When the Earth Didn't Sleep
C.Rescue Efforts to Find Survivors
D.Rising from the Ruins
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025广东东莞五校联考)
Earthquakes are one type of natural disaster you simply can't see coming. Earthquake preparation is the best way to deal with a confusing time. 1 .
Examine weak points in your home and make a plan to strengthen them. Protect your space or your home by finding out dangers and fixing moveable things. The shaking ground could move almost anything. 2 , and move the heavier things onto lower shelves.
Create an earthquake safety plan with your family. It's vital to create and practice an emergency plan with your family so that everyone knows what to do during the time of an earthquake. 3 . It can help reduce fears, especially for young children.
Pick safe spaces in every room to take shelter in. It may be under a strong piece of furniture which can protect you from falling objects or against any inside wall away from windows, bookshelves, or tall furniture that could fall on you.
Learn earthquake emergency plans in your workplace, children's school or the daycare center. Disasters can strike at any moment. 4 . It's also wise to make a note of how you plan to communicate with each other and how to let loved ones know you're safe. Remember that cellphones may be unreliable (不可靠的) after an earthquake.
5 . Earthquakes usually last around one minute but if the damage is big enough, you could be trapped for a much longer period of time. You should have a bag containing medical supplies, food, water, flashlights and so on.
A.Prepare an emergency bag
B.Prepare for more damage and danger
C.Talk about ways each family member can act as a team
D.Push top-heavy furniture such as bookshelves away from beds or sofas
E.The preparation depends on a well-practiced plan and ready supplies
F.Here's something you need to know about how to prepare for an earthquake
G.So it is necessary to learn how to prepare for an earthquake in any environment
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025福建莆田一中期末)
On 20 December, in Newdale, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore. Worse still, the waves 1 thousands dead. Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to 2 the disaster without any loss of life. A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger with her 3 of tsunamis.
The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, 4 the warm sea air and enjoying the soft 5 that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something 6 . “The water was like the bubbles(气泡) on the top of a beer,” she later explained. “It wasn't 7 and it wasn't going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” It struck her that these were the 8 of an upcoming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt about in a geography lesson.
Sabrina was 9 , but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the 10 , though at first they just thought she was 11 . However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 12 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief, the safety officer 13 realized the coming danger. The people were rapidly 14 from the beach, just before the huge waves 15 into the coast.
1.A.brought B.left
C.affected D.led
2.A.survive B.recognize
C.revive D.quit
3.A.impression B.knowledge
C.wisdom D.detail
4.A.taking in B.making up
C.focusing on D.checking out
5.A.sunshine B.wind
C.whistle D.wave
6.A.unique B.powerful
C.attractive D.strange
7.A.narrow B.adventurous
C.calm D.distant
8.A.damages B.signs
C.effects D.results
9.A.confused B.embarrassed
C.frightened D.annoyed
10.A.stress B.development
C.credit D.danger
11.A.cheating B.debating
C.joking D.helping
12.A.under control B.on hand
C.out of sight D.on its way
13.A.actually B.anxiously
C.curiously D.immediately
14.A.cured B.warned
C.cleared D.reminded
15.A.crashed B.slid
C.divided D.tapped
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.with 考查介词。supply sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。句意:本次活动将为您提供与该领域专家合作的宝贵机会。
2.calmly 考查副词。设空处修饰动词explain,作状语,表示“冷静地”,应用副词形式。故填calmly。句意:在你想清楚之后,冷静地解释你的行为和感受。
3.on 考查介词。survive on意为“靠……生存”。故填on。句意:你怎么能靠这么差的饮食生存呢 如果你不健康,保持苗条是没有意义的。
4.the 考查冠词。in the open air意为“露天,在户外”。故填the。
5.electricity 考查名词。句意:与此同时,在19世纪的进程中,电从纯粹的奇物变成了一种基本必需品。根据句意可知,设空处表示“电”,应填名词electricity。
6.with 考查介词。with the aid of...意为“在……的帮助下”。故填with。句意:随着技术的兴起,人们很容易在移动应用程序的帮助下观察不同的物种。
7.eruption 考查名词。句意:长白山是中国现代著名的火山,但其最后一次喷发是在300多年前的1702年。设空处被last修饰,所以应填名词,根据句意可知应填eruption,意为“喷发”。
8.powerful;destruction 考查形容词和名词。句意:为了知道龙卷风的威力,科学家们研究它造成的破坏程度。 根据第一空前面的how和后面的is可知这里应填形容词powerful构成感叹句;根据第二空前面的look at可知how much引导宾语从句,从句中动词causes后面缺少宾语,所以这里应填名词destruction(不可数)。
9.are 考查主谓一致。句意:据报道,在一些西方国家,76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号。本句为主从复合句,It 为形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。that从句中的主语为76 percent of employees,设空处构成从句中的谓语,“数字+percent of+可数名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数,故设空处用are,构成现在进行时。
10.were 考查虚拟语气。句意:当铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像被折断了。设空处构成as if引导的表语从句中的谓语。根据常识可知铅笔放入水里时并不是真的被折断了,所以设空处应用虚拟语气,表示与现在的事实相反的情况,故用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中be动词常用were。故填were。
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.Look at the boy and his dog that I meet every day on my way to school.
2.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
3.The photo (which/that) he showed me in his room was taken in Egypt by his father.
4.The city that/which was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday is in ruins.
5.The man whom/who/that you spoke to this morning is our new manager./The man to whom you spoke this morning is our new manager.
题型(二)
1.whose 先行词是Mary,关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。
2.who/that 先行词是a model student,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填who或that。
3.that/which 先行词是a very large picture,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
4.that/which 先行词是The horse,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
5.who/that 先行词是The man,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填who或that。
6.that 先行词被形容词最高级修饰,指物,关系词在定语从句中作have ever seen的宾语,故填that。
易错归因
本题易错填which。需要注意的是当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,宜用that,而不宜用which。
7.that/who/whom 先行词是the best young painter,指人,关系词在从句中作宾语,故填that、who或whom。
8.whom 先行词是the person,指人,关系词前面有介词of,故填whom。of与后面的is proud构成is proud of。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了土耳其—叙利亚发生7.8级地震后,被困者Camuz和Ela获救的经历,同时呼吁人们捐款以帮助幸存者。
【高频词汇】 1.strength n.毅力;力量;体力
2.occasionally adv.偶尔 3.terrified adj.恐惧的
4.eventually adv.最后;终于 5.collapsed adj.坍塌的
【熟词生义】 1.climb 熟义:v.爬 生义:v.上升
2.pound熟义:n.磅;英镑 生义:v.猛打;连续重击
【差距词汇】 1.rubble n.碎石,瓦砾 2.sustain vt.遭受;维持
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句提到的“超过40,000人在这场自然灾害中丧生,预计这个数字还会上升”可知,作者通过展示地震中的死亡人数来说明地震造成的破坏。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知,Camuz偶尔敲打管道,希望能引起救援人员的注意,这后来救了她和她的孩子。由此推知,通过敲击管道发出声音,Camuz成功地引起了救援人员的注意。故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you are looking for a way to help, consider giving money to GlobalGiving's earthquake fund.”可知,人们可以通过向GlobalGiving的地震基金捐款的方式来帮助幸存者。故选B。
4.D 主旨大意题。 文章主要讲述了地震过后,救援人员在废墟中营救幸存者,以及幸存者们在废墟中顽强求生并最终获救的故事,展现了人们在灾难后从废墟中站起来的精神。D 项“从废墟中崛起”体现了幸存者坚强和怀揣希望的精神,符合文章主旨,故选D。
易错归因
本题容易误选C项“寻找幸存者的救援努力”,该表述是从救援者的角度出发的,而本文主要突出的是幸存者的顽强,所以C项与主旨不符。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为地震做准备的方法。
【高频词汇】 1.preparation n.准备 2.strengthen v.加强;增强;巩固 3.take shelter躲避,寻找庇护所
4.make a note of记录 5.contain vt.包含;含有;容纳 6.depend on依靠;依赖
【差距词汇】 top-heavy adj.上部过重的;头重脚轻的
1.F 过渡句。文章开头提到地震是无法预知的自然灾害,做好地震准备是应对混乱时期的最佳方式。下文每段给出了一个为地震做准备的方法,所以设空处应该承上启下,F项“这里是一些你需要了解的关于如何为地震做准备的事情”符合语境。故选F。
2.D 细节句。设空处与后文用and连接,说明设空处与后文在内容上有关联。空后讲到,把较重的东西搬到较低的架子上,分析选项可知,D项“把像书架这样头重脚轻的家具从床或沙发旁推开”中的“书架”与后文的“shelves(架子)”呼应,同时,把较重的东西搬到较低的架子上可以有效缓解书架的头重脚轻,前后内容可以产生关联。故选D。
3.C 细节句。根据本段主旨句可知,本段主要讲和家人一起制订地震安全计划。空前讲到与家人一起制订并演练应急预案至关重要,这样在发生地震时,每个人都知道该做什么。C项“谈谈每个家庭成员作为团队一员可以如何采取行动”顺承上文,强调了家庭成员的分工,上文的“everyone”与C项中的“each family member”呼应。故选C。
4.G 细节句。上一句提到灾难随时可能发生,分析选项可知,G项“所以学习在任何环境下如何为地震做准备是有必要的”与上句有因果关系,符合语境。故选G。
5.A 主旨句。设空处位于段首,是本段的主旨句。根据本段最后提到的“你应该准备一个装有医疗用品、食物、水、手电筒等物品的手提包”可知,A项“准备一个应急包”能够很好地概括本段内容。故选A。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了10岁的小女孩Sabrina Andron用自己的海啸知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。
【高频词汇】 1.escape v.避开;逃离 2.upcoming adj.即将发生(或来临)的 3.relief n.宽慰
【熟词生义】 clear 熟义:v.清理 生义:v.使人离开;驱散
【差距词汇】 keep one's head保持冷静
1.B 根据空后的“thousands dead”可知,巨浪造成的结果是使数千人死亡。表示“让……处于某种状态”用“leave sb./sth.+adj.”结构。A.带来;B.使……处于;C.影响;D.导致。故选B。
2.A 根据空后的“without any loss of life”并结合下句的“A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger”可推知,由于这个10岁女孩的帮助,金海岸海滩的游客在灾难中幸存了下来。A.幸存;B.识别;C.复苏;D.离开。故选A。
3.B 根据第二段最后一句中的“which Sabrina had just learnt about in a geography lesson”以及Sabrina Andron对水中出现的现象的分析可推知,Sabrina Andron用她学到的海啸知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。A.印象;B.知识;C.智慧;D.细节。故选B。
4.A 根据空后的“the warm sea air”以及前后文描述的人们放松的场景可推知,人们在海滩上呼吸着温暖的海洋空气。A.吸入;B.组成;C.专注于;D.调查。故选A。
5.B 根据空后的“that brushed their hair”可推知,海滩上吹拂着头发的应该是轻柔的风。A.阳光;B.风;C.哨子声;D.波浪。故选B。
6.D 根据下文提到的“The water was like the bubbles (气泡) on the top of a beer”“It was just coming in and in and in.”等信息可推知,Sabrina在海滩上注意到一些怪事情。A.独特的;B.强有力的;C.吸引人的;D.奇怪的。故选D。
7.C 根据空后的“it wasn't going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in”可知,海水不是有进有出,而是不断地涌进来,这说明海水并不平静。A.狭窄的;B.惊险的;C.平静的,风平浪静的;D.遥远的。故选C。
8.B 根据空后的“an upcoming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt about in a geography lesson”可推知,Sabrina刚刚在地理课上学到这些现象,所以这里指她意识到这些奇怪的事情是海啸即将到来的征兆。A.损害赔偿金;B.迹象,征兆;C.影响;D.结果。故选B。
9.C 根据空后的“but she soon kept her head(但她很快就冷静了下来)”可知,刚开始知道海啸即将到来时Sabrina感到害怕。A.困惑的;B.感到尴尬的;C.感到害怕的;D.生气的。故选C。
10.D 根据下文的“kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer”,并结合文中第一段以及最后一段中提到的“danger”可推知,Sabrina意识到灾难要来了,所以警告父母海啸来临的危险。A.压力;B.发展;C.信用;D.危险。故选D。
11.C 根据下一句“However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was....and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.”可推知,起初Sabrina向父母发出警告时,他们以为Sabrina是在开玩笑,不相信灾难要来临。A.欺骗;B.辩论;C.开玩笑;D.帮助。故选C。
12.D 根据空后的“kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer”可推知,Sabrina不断要求她的父母与安全员交谈,说明她确信海啸即将来临。A.在控制中;B.现有(尤指帮助);C.看不见;D.即将来临。故选D。
13.D 根据“To her great relief”可知,安全员立刻意识到了即将来临的危险。A.事实上;B.焦虑地;C.好奇地;D.立刻。故选D。
14.C 根据第一段的“Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life.”可知,海啸最终没有给金海岸海滩带来人员伤亡,所以这里指在海啸来临前,海滩上的人被疏散了。clear sb. from sp.意为“把某人从某地疏散/驱散”。A.治愈;B.警告;C.疏散,驱散;D.提醒。故选C。
15.A 根据空前后的“the huge waves...into the coast”可推知,因为发生的是海啸,所以这里指巨浪撞击海岸。A.碰撞;B.滑动;C.分开;D.轻拍。故选A。
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2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.This event will supply you a valuable chance to work with experts in this field.
2.(2025江苏盐城月考)After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings (calm).
3.How can you survive such a poor diet Keeping slim doesn't make sense if you're not healthy.
4.(2025吉林东北师大附中期中)The next day people put up shelters in open air using anything that they could find.
5.(2022浙江1月)Meanwhile, over the course of the 19th century, (electric) went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity.
6.(2024新课标Ⅰ)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species the aid of a mobile application.
7.(2025广东广州期中)Changbai Mountain is famous as a volcano in modern China, but its last (erupt) was more than 300 years ago in 1702.
8.(2025安徽滁州期中)In order to tell how (power) a tornado is, scientists look at how much (destroy) it causes.
9.(2020全国Ⅱ)It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries (be) using emojis at work.
10.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it seems as if it (be) broken.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
将下列句子合并为含定语从句的主从复合句
1.Look at the boy and his dog. I meet them every day on my way to school.
2.I live next door to a couple. Their children often make a lot of noise.
3.He showed me a photo in his room. The photo was taken in Egypt by his father.
4.The city is in ruins. It was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday.
5.The man is our new manager. You spoke to him this morning.
题型(二)
用适当的关系代词填空
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary 1. drawings were shown at the exhibition(展览会) last month is a model student 2. is often praised for her good works at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall, our attention was attracted by a very large picture 3. was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse 4. is in the drawing is exactly like a real one. The man 5. is riding on it looks like a living man.
It is the best drawing 6. I have ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 7. I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary is a born painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the person of 8. her school is proud.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025重庆期中)
Nearly two weeks after the destructive 7.8-magnitude Turkey-Syria earthquake, first responders are continuing to search and rescue survivors. Over 40,000 people lost their lives in the natural disaster, and that number is expected to climb. But people are staying strong and holding out hope as rescuers continue to find survivors in the rubble. And as these survivors appear, the stories of their strength and courage are amazing.
In waiting to be rescued, many survivors are finding strength they didn't know they had. This was true for 33-year-old Necla Camuz, who was trapped inside her home in Turkey's Hatay province with her 10-day-old son, Yagiz, in her arms. She waited for over 90 hours before being rescued. To survive, she breastfed her baby, who was resting on her chest at the time of the earthquake. Camuz, who did not eat or drink anything, occasionally pounded on the pipes that then saved her and her child, hoping to draw the attention of rescuers.
While Camuz was terrified that they would never be found, she looked on her infant as a source of strength. She added that she was happy that he was too young to remember what had happened. Eventually, Camuz heard the sound of barking dogs and, shortly after, they were rescued. When the rescue team asked how old her son was, she didn't know how to respond. She knew he was 10 days old at the time of the earthquake, but wasn't sure how many days she had been trapped.
This story has an even happier ending, as when she arrived at the hospital, Camuz was given the news that her husband and 3-year-old son had also survived. They were in separate rooms of the apartment when the earthquake struck and were taken to different hospitals after sustaining injuries to their legs and feet. While the family has lost their home, they have now been reunited after this frightening experience.
Miracles are continuing to happen. Ten days after the earthquake, rescuer Mehmet Eryilma pulled a woman named Ela and her two children out of the ruins of a collapsed apartment in Turkey's Hatay province.
As always, these stories give hope that there are many people still waiting to be rescued. But once saved from the ruins, there is a hard road ahead as people have lost their homes, and many have also lost their families. If you are looking for a way to help, consider giving money to GlobalGiving's earthquake fund.
1.How does the writer explain the destruction of the earthquake
A.By showing a number. B.By giving an example.
C.By making a comparison. D.By describing the scene.
2.What can we infer about Necla Camuz's experience after the earthquake
A.Her husband gave her hope when she was trapped.
B.She was trapped with her baby for nearly three days.
C.She managed to draw rescuers by making sounds.
D.She calmly communicated with the rescuers throughout.
3.How can people help survivors
A.By joining the rescue teams.
B.By contributing to a disaster relief fund.
C.By visiting the affected areas to offer support.
D.By providing shelter for survivors.
4.What is the best title of the article
A.Rebuilding Homes after the Earthquake
B.The Night When the Earth Didn't Sleep
C.Rescue Efforts to Find Survivors
D.Rising from the Ruins
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025广东东莞五校联考)
Earthquakes are one type of natural disaster you simply can't see coming. Earthquake preparation is the best way to deal with a confusing time. 1 .
Examine weak points in your home and make a plan to strengthen them. Protect your space or your home by finding out dangers and fixing moveable things. The shaking ground could move almost anything. 2 , and move the heavier things onto lower shelves.
Create an earthquake safety plan with your family. It's vital to create and practice an emergency plan with your family so that everyone knows what to do during the time of an earthquake. 3 . It can help reduce fears, especially for young children.
Pick safe spaces in every room to take shelter in. It may be under a strong piece of furniture which can protect you from falling objects or against any inside wall away from windows, bookshelves, or tall furniture that could fall on you.
Learn earthquake emergency plans in your workplace, children's school or the daycare center. Disasters can strike at any moment. 4 . It's also wise to make a note of how you plan to communicate with each other and how to let loved ones know you're safe. Remember that cellphones may be unreliable (不可靠的) after an earthquake.
5 . Earthquakes usually last around one minute but if the damage is big enough, you could be trapped for a much longer period of time. You should have a bag containing medical supplies, food, water, flashlights and so on.
A.Prepare an emergency bag
B.Prepare for more damage and danger
C.Talk about ways each family member can act as a team
D.Push top-heavy furniture such as bookshelves away from beds or sofas
E.The preparation depends on a well-practiced plan and ready supplies
F.Here's something you need to know about how to prepare for an earthquake
G.So it is necessary to learn how to prepare for an earthquake in any environment
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025福建莆田一中期末)
On 20 December, in Newdale, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore. Worse still, the waves 1 thousands dead. Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to 2 the disaster without any loss of life. A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger with her 3 of tsunamis.
The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, 4 the warm sea air and enjoying the soft 5 that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something 6 . “The water was like the bubbles(气泡) on the top of a beer,” she later explained. “It wasn't 7 and it wasn't going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” It struck her that these were the 8 of an upcoming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt about in a geography lesson.
Sabrina was 9 , but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the 10 , though at first they just thought she was 11 . However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 12 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief, the safety officer 13 realized the coming danger. The people were rapidly 14 from the beach, just before the huge waves 15 into the coast.
1.A.brought B.left
C.affected D.led
2.A.survive B.recognize
C.revive D.quit
3.A.impression B.knowledge
C.wisdom D.detail
4.A.taking in B.making up
C.focusing on D.checking out
5.A.sunshine B.wind
C.whistle D.wave
6.A.unique B.powerful
C.attractive D.strange
7.A.narrow B.adventurous
C.calm D.distant
8.A.damages B.signs
C.effects D.results
9.A.confused B.embarrassed
C.frightened D.annoyed
10.A.stress B.development
C.credit D.danger
11.A.cheating B.debating
C.joking D.helping
12.A.under control B.on hand
C.out of sight D.on its way
13.A.actually B.anxiously
C.curiously D.immediately
14.A.cured B.warned
C.cleared D.reminded
15.A.crashed B.slid
C.divided D.tapped
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.with 考查介词。supply sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故填with。句意:本次活动将为您提供与该领域专家合作的宝贵机会。
2.calmly 考查副词。设空处修饰动词explain,作状语,表示“冷静地”,应用副词形式。故填calmly。句意:在你想清楚之后,冷静地解释你的行为和感受。
3.on 考查介词。survive on意为“靠……生存”。故填on。句意:你怎么能靠这么差的饮食生存呢 如果你不健康,保持苗条是没有意义的。
4.the 考查冠词。in the open air意为“露天,在户外”。故填the。
5.electricity 考查名词。句意:与此同时,在19世纪的进程中,电从纯粹的奇物变成了一种基本必需品。根据句意可知,设空处表示“电”,应填名词electricity。
6.with 考查介词。with the aid of...意为“在……的帮助下”。故填with。句意:随着技术的兴起,人们很容易在移动应用程序的帮助下观察不同的物种。
7.eruption 考查名词。句意:长白山是中国现代著名的火山,但其最后一次喷发是在300多年前的1702年。设空处被last修饰,所以应填名词,根据句意可知应填eruption,意为“喷发”。
8.powerful;destruction 考查形容词和名词。句意:为了知道龙卷风的威力,科学家们研究它造成的破坏程度。 根据第一空前面的how和后面的is可知这里应填形容词powerful构成感叹句;根据第二空前面的look at可知how much引导宾语从句,从句中动词causes后面缺少宾语,所以这里应填名词destruction(不可数)。
9.are 考查主谓一致。句意:据报道,在一些西方国家,76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号。本句为主从复合句,It 为形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。that从句中的主语为76 percent of employees,设空处构成从句中的谓语,“数字+percent of+可数名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数,故设空处用are,构成现在进行时。
10.were 考查虚拟语气。句意:当铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像被折断了。设空处构成as if引导的表语从句中的谓语。根据常识可知铅笔放入水里时并不是真的被折断了,所以设空处应用虚拟语气,表示与现在的事实相反的情况,故用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中be动词常用were。故填were。
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.Look at the boy and his dog that I meet every day on my way to school.
2.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
3.The photo (which/that) he showed me in his room was taken in Egypt by his father.
4.The city that/which was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday is in ruins.
5.The man whom/who/that you spoke to this morning is our new manager./The man to whom you spoke this morning is our new manager.
题型(二)
1.whose 先行词是Mary,关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。
2.who/that 先行词是a model student,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填who或that。
3.that/which 先行词是a very large picture,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
4.that/which 先行词是The horse,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
5.who/that 先行词是The man,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填who或that。
6.that 先行词被形容词最高级修饰,指物,关系词在定语从句中作have ever seen的宾语,故填that。
易错归因
本题易错填which。需要注意的是当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,宜用that,而不宜用which。
7.that/who/whom 先行词是the best young painter,指人,关系词在从句中作宾语,故填that、who或whom。
8.whom 先行词是the person,指人,关系词前面有介词of,故填whom。of与后面的is proud构成is proud of。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了土耳其—叙利亚发生7.8级地震后,被困者Camuz和Ela获救的经历,同时呼吁人们捐款以帮助幸存者。
【高频词汇】 1.strength n.毅力;力量;体力
2.occasionally adv.偶尔 3.terrified adj.恐惧的
4.eventually adv.最后;终于 5.collapsed adj.坍塌的
【熟词生义】 1.climb 熟义:v.爬 生义:v.上升
2.pound熟义:n.磅;英镑 生义:v.猛打;连续重击
【差距词汇】 1.rubble n.碎石,瓦砾 2.sustain vt.遭受;维持
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句提到的“超过40,000人在这场自然灾害中丧生,预计这个数字还会上升”可知,作者通过展示地震中的死亡人数来说明地震造成的破坏。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知,Camuz偶尔敲打管道,希望能引起救援人员的注意,这后来救了她和她的孩子。由此推知,通过敲击管道发出声音,Camuz成功地引起了救援人员的注意。故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you are looking for a way to help, consider giving money to GlobalGiving's earthquake fund.”可知,人们可以通过向GlobalGiving的地震基金捐款的方式来帮助幸存者。故选B。
4.D 主旨大意题。 文章主要讲述了地震过后,救援人员在废墟中营救幸存者,以及幸存者们在废墟中顽强求生并最终获救的故事,展现了人们在灾难后从废墟中站起来的精神。D 项“从废墟中崛起”体现了幸存者坚强和怀揣希望的精神,符合文章主旨,故选D。
易错归因
本题容易误选C项“寻找幸存者的救援努力”,该表述是从救援者的角度出发的,而本文主要突出的是幸存者的顽强,所以C项与主旨不符。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为地震做准备的方法。
【高频词汇】 1.preparation n.准备 2.strengthen v.加强;增强;巩固 3.take shelter躲避,寻找庇护所
4.make a note of记录 5.contain vt.包含;含有;容纳 6.depend on依靠;依赖
【差距词汇】 top-heavy adj.上部过重的;头重脚轻的
1.F 过渡句。文章开头提到地震是无法预知的自然灾害,做好地震准备是应对混乱时期的最佳方式。下文每段给出了一个为地震做准备的方法,所以设空处应该承上启下,F项“这里是一些你需要了解的关于如何为地震做准备的事情”符合语境。故选F。
2.D 细节句。设空处与后文用and连接,说明设空处与后文在内容上有关联。空后讲到,把较重的东西搬到较低的架子上,分析选项可知,D项“把像书架这样头重脚轻的家具从床或沙发旁推开”中的“书架”与后文的“shelves(架子)”呼应,同时,把较重的东西搬到较低的架子上可以有效缓解书架的头重脚轻,前后内容可以产生关联。故选D。
3.C 细节句。根据本段主旨句可知,本段主要讲和家人一起制订地震安全计划。空前讲到与家人一起制订并演练应急预案至关重要,这样在发生地震时,每个人都知道该做什么。C项“谈谈每个家庭成员作为团队一员可以如何采取行动”顺承上文,强调了家庭成员的分工,上文的“everyone”与C项中的“each family member”呼应。故选C。
4.G 细节句。上一句提到灾难随时可能发生,分析选项可知,G项“所以学习在任何环境下如何为地震做准备是有必要的”与上句有因果关系,符合语境。故选G。
5.A 主旨句。设空处位于段首,是本段的主旨句。根据本段最后提到的“你应该准备一个装有医疗用品、食物、水、手电筒等物品的手提包”可知,A项“准备一个应急包”能够很好地概括本段内容。故选A。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了10岁的小女孩Sabrina Andron用自己的海啸知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。
【高频词汇】 1.escape v.避开;逃离 2.upcoming adj.即将发生(或来临)的 3.relief n.宽慰
【熟词生义】 clear 熟义:v.清理 生义:v.使人离开;驱散
【差距词汇】 keep one's head保持冷静
1.B 根据空后的“thousands dead”可知,巨浪造成的结果是使数千人死亡。表示“让……处于某种状态”用“leave sb./sth.+adj.”结构。A.带来;B.使……处于;C.影响;D.导致。故选B。
2.A 根据空后的“without any loss of life”并结合下句的“A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger”可推知,由于这个10岁女孩的帮助,金海岸海滩的游客在灾难中幸存了下来。A.幸存;B.识别;C.复苏;D.离开。故选A。
3.B 根据第二段最后一句中的“which Sabrina had just learnt about in a geography lesson”以及Sabrina Andron对水中出现的现象的分析可推知,Sabrina Andron用她学到的海啸知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。A.印象;B.知识;C.智慧;D.细节。故选B。
4.A 根据空后的“the warm sea air”以及前后文描述的人们放松的场景可推知,人们在海滩上呼吸着温暖的海洋空气。A.吸入;B.组成;C.专注于;D.调查。故选A。
5.B 根据空后的“that brushed their hair”可推知,海滩上吹拂着头发的应该是轻柔的风。A.阳光;B.风;C.哨子声;D.波浪。故选B。
6.D 根据下文提到的“The water was like the bubbles (气泡) on the top of a beer”“It was just coming in and in and in.”等信息可推知,Sabrina在海滩上注意到一些怪事情。A.独特的;B.强有力的;C.吸引人的;D.奇怪的。故选D。
7.C 根据空后的“it wasn't going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in”可知,海水不是有进有出,而是不断地涌进来,这说明海水并不平静。A.狭窄的;B.惊险的;C.平静的,风平浪静的;D.遥远的。故选C。
8.B 根据空后的“an upcoming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt about in a geography lesson”可推知,Sabrina刚刚在地理课上学到这些现象,所以这里指她意识到这些奇怪的事情是海啸即将到来的征兆。A.损害赔偿金;B.迹象,征兆;C.影响;D.结果。故选B。
9.C 根据空后的“but she soon kept her head(但她很快就冷静了下来)”可知,刚开始知道海啸即将到来时Sabrina感到害怕。A.困惑的;B.感到尴尬的;C.感到害怕的;D.生气的。故选C。
10.D 根据下文的“kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer”,并结合文中第一段以及最后一段中提到的“danger”可推知,Sabrina意识到灾难要来了,所以警告父母海啸来临的危险。A.压力;B.发展;C.信用;D.危险。故选D。
11.C 根据下一句“However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was....and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.”可推知,起初Sabrina向父母发出警告时,他们以为Sabrina是在开玩笑,不相信灾难要来临。A.欺骗;B.辩论;C.开玩笑;D.帮助。故选C。
12.D 根据空后的“kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer”可推知,Sabrina不断要求她的父母与安全员交谈,说明她确信海啸即将来临。A.在控制中;B.现有(尤指帮助);C.看不见;D.即将来临。故选D。
13.D 根据“To her great relief”可知,安全员立刻意识到了即将来临的危险。A.事实上;B.焦虑地;C.好奇地;D.立刻。故选D。
14.C 根据第一段的“Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life.”可知,海啸最终没有给金海岸海滩带来人员伤亡,所以这里指在海啸来临前,海滩上的人被疏散了。clear sb. from sp.意为“把某人从某地疏散/驱散”。A.治愈;B.警告;C.疏散,驱散;D.提醒。故选C。
15.A 根据空前后的“the huge waves...into the coast”可推知,因为发生的是海啸,所以这里指巨浪撞击海岸。A.碰撞;B.滑动;C.分开;D.轻拍。故选A。
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