2026人教版高中英语必修第一册练习--UNIT 4 Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Tim（含答案与解析）e
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.一词多义
A.v.划(火柴) B.v.(灾难、疾病等)侵袭
C.v.使突然想到 D.v.(钟)敲,报时 E.n.罢工
1.The clock struck twelve, showing that it was midnight.
2.The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the room immediately.
3.They have been on strike for several days to get higher pay.
4.(2025广东茂名期中)Great damage has been caused by the tornado which struck the area.
5.(2020北京)But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described.
A.v.影响 B.v.(疾病)侵袭
6.(2024新课标Ⅱ)AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
7.It's not that exercise makes you healthy; it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2020新高考Ⅰ)However, the majority of people are (effect) speakers because they train to be.
2. summary, my mom's simple act has a deep effect me.
3.Our team of experts will be hand to offer help between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. daily.
4.The Englishman did what he said. He came to China in 1986 with a plan to run the whole (long) of the Great Wall.
5.(2025山东烟台期中)With millions of riders on the road, China's food (deliver) industry has long prided itself on being able to reach every corner of the country.
6.I will spare no effort (introduce) more aspects of Chinese culture to students through more events, and further raise their interest in learning Chinese and understanding Chinese culture.
7. struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending to know what I didn't know.
8.Professor Jeff is to give the students a talk on all he saw and heard in China.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.由于心里发慌,我深吸了一口气,试图平静下来,然后向我的新老师挥了挥手。
With butterflies in my stomach, I , trying to , and then my new teacher.(读后续写—动作描写)
2.(2021新高考Ⅰ写作)我正在访问我们学校的网站,这时我注意到了英文报Youth。(was/were doing...when...)
I our school's website the English newspaper Youth.
3.雨开始下得很大,使得难以透过窗户看到她前院的树木。(现在分词作结果状语,make)
Rain started to come down hard, the trees in her front yard through the window.(读后续写—场景描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
A tsunami caused by the most 1 (power) earthquake in the past 40 years crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing over 6,500 people in several 2 (country). The undersea earthquake 3 reached a magnitude of 9.0 occurred around 7:00 am, Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island, 4 (cause) at least 1,870 deaths. In Sri Lanka, the number of deaths stood 5 2,498 while in India as many as 1,900 people were killed.
Thousands of people are still missing and the number of deaths 6 (expect) to grow even 7 (high) over the next few days. 8 foreign aid is being organized for the tsunami-hit countries, dangerous conditions and 9 (damage) roads will make it difficult 10 (deliver) food and supplies.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025湖北部分高中联盟期中)
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) 1 (form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. The team brings help and hope to those 2 lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, drought, or any other natural disaster.
After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. That year the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China and the team won high praise 3 their bravery and skill. Since then, the CISAR 4 (complete) many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people 5 (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia and spent several months 6 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water and other 7 (supply). They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can be 8 (danger). And they even bury 9 dead. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one's own life 10 (save) someone else.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2025福建厦门期中)
As a shift of the polar vortex(极地涡旋) swept across much of the US, many people in the country were struck by a sudden cold snap(寒流). Heavy ice and snow coupled with fallen trees caused the outages in major cities, with companies unable to tell their customers when power will be back on.
Polar vortices were noticed long ago. But the first known use of the term “polar vortex” was in a magazine in 1853. Polar vortices are present year-round, but we don't hear about them until they cause problems. They maintain freezing temperatures at the North Pole and the South Pole by moving in tight counterclockwise(逆时针方向的) patterns. Polar vortices grow stronger in winter and weaken in summer. They are kept in place at the poles by another atmospheric current(大气流) called the jet stream. However, when the jet stream weakens, the cold winds of the polar vortex at the North Pole are pushed southwards and it is during this time that people begin to pay attention!
In Texas, roads froze over, causing six traffic deaths, and many schools were shut down. People are not the only living things to struggle with the cold. Crops and animals are also freezing. This could have major consequences, especially if herds of cattle die. If snow blocks cattle's way, the animals can't reach basic necessities like food and fresh water.
On a brighter note, some Texas cities, for instance, Amarillo, were more prepared than others. Amarillo is located in North Texas, so people there are more accustomed to lower temperatures. Amarillo is outstanding because the city was redesigned to stand up to strong winter storms. Officials have made fire stations spread to increase coverage of first responders, employed modified dump trucks to clear ice, and upgraded the civic center to provide protection during storms. Hopefully, the other Texas cities will follow the good example set by Amarillo!
1.What does the underlined word “outages” refer to
A.Traffic jams. B.Snow removal. C.Power cuts. D.Traffic accidents.
2.What can we learn about polar vortices
A.They grow stronger in summer. B.They are affected by the jet stream.
C.They were first observed in 1853. D.They move in a clockwise direction.
3.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The definition of the polar vortex. B.The characteristics of the polar vortex.
C.The ways to deal with the polar vortex. D.The serious impact made by the polar vortex.
4.Why is Amarillo impressive
A.It is located in the north of Texas.
B.It sets an example for other cities.
C.It has been upgraded and modernized on a regular basis.
D.It has taken effective measures to resist winter storms.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024云南昭通期中)
Landslides occur when large quantities of substances(物质), including rocks, earth and trees, slide down a slope(斜坡). They may occur as a result of fires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storms or human activities. Landslides are particularly dangerous because they strike suddenly, move at extremely high speed, and travel long distance. Although landslides are often difficult to predict, you can prepare for them. 1
Keep yourself alert and awake. Landslides can occur quite suddenly, so you need to be ready to take action at a moment's notice. Many landslide-related deaths occur while people are asleep. 2
3 Your local community should have a designated(指定的) public shelter. Go to the shelter if your home is unsafe or the authorities have called for an evacuation.
Consult local officials about past landslides. Landslides tend to happen in the same area where they have occurred before. 4 If you are in an at-risk area, consider getting a site analysis of your property. This will help you determine necessary corrective measures.
Make an emergency kit. 5 Make your kit in advance so it is ready when needed. Your kit should contain enough food and water to last for at least 72 hours, as well as supplies like medications, flashlights, batteries, cellphones, copies of personal documents, and cash.
A.Notice unusual sounds.
B.Go to a public shelter.
C.Here are some tips which can help you.
D.Talk to local officials about landslides in your area.
E.In the event of a landslide or other emergencies, choose a place.
F.If you are with other people, work together to keep one another awake.
G.An emergency kit contains the essentials that your household will need during an emergency.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.D 句意:时钟敲响了十二点,表明已经是午夜了。
2.A 句意:女孩划了一根火柴,温暖的光立刻照满了房间。
3.E 句意:他们为加薪已经罢工好几天了。
4.B 句意:龙卷风袭击了该地区,造成了巨大的损失。
5.C 句意:但史密斯猛然发现的主要是这样一个事实:她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。
6.A 句意:人工智能将会影响我们所有人,如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书,那就是这本了。
7.B 句意:并非运动使你健康;更多的是缺乏运动会让你的身体变得虚弱,且容易受到疾病的侵袭。
Ⅱ.1.effective 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作定语,修饰复数名词speakers,故填形容词effective,意为“卓有成效的”。句意:然而,大多数人是因为他们受过训练才成为卓有成效的演讲者。
2.In;on 考查介词。句意:总之,我妈妈简单的行为对我影响很深。in summary意为“总之”,第一空置于句首,第一个字母要大写,故填In。have a(n)...effect on...意为“对……有……的影响”,故第二空填on。
3.on 考查固定搭配。on hand意为“在场;在近旁;现有(尤指帮助)”。句意:每天上午8点到下午5点,我们的专家小组将随时/现场提供帮助。
4.length 考查名词。句意:那个英国人说到做到。他在1986年来到中国,计划跑完长城的全程。根据空前的the whole和空后的of可知此处应用名词,long是形容词,其名词是length。
5.delivery 考查名词。句意:中国拥有数百万外卖骑手在路上,长期以来,中国外卖行业一直以能够触及全国各个角落而自豪。food delivery表示“食品配送”,故填delivery。本题中pride用作动词,pride oneself on (doing) sth.意为“为……而骄傲/自豪”。
6.to introduce 考查不定式。spare no effort to do sth.意为“不遗余力地做某事”。故填不定式to introduce。句意:我将不遗余力地通过更多的活动向学生介绍中国文化的更多方面,进一步提高他们学习中文和了解中国文化的兴趣。
7.It 考查代词。It strikes/struck sb. that...意为“某人突然想到……”,It为形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。设空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填It。句意: 我突然意识到,我假装知道我不知道的事情,以此来欺骗自己。
8.that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前的all为空后的saw and heard的宾语,故推测设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作宾语,先行词为all,故关系词用that。句意:杰夫教授将给学生们做一个关于他在中国的所见所闻的报告。
Ⅲ.1.breathed deeply;calm down;waved at/to 2.was visiting;when I noticed 3.making it hard to see
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.powerful 考查形容词。根据设空处前面的the most和后面的名词earthquake可知此处应用形容词,power是名词,其形容词是powerful,意为“强大的”。故填powerful。
2.countries 考查名词复数。由空前的several(几个)可知此处应用名词复数形式。故填countries。
3.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面为名词earthquake,后面部分缺主语(设空处后面为谓语动词reached),且结合语境可知这里应表达“the undersea earthquake reached a magnitude of 9.0”,故设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰指物的名词,故填关系代词which或that。
4.causing 考查现在分词。设空处所在句已有谓语occurred,所以设空处用非谓语动词形式;设空处指海底地震“造成”的结果,The undersea earthquake与cause之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作结果状语。
5.at 考查介词。 stand at表示“达到特定水平(或数量、高度等)”。此处指死亡人数达到2,498。故填at。
6.is expected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。“the number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数;the number of deaths和expect(预计)之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;结合前面的“are still missing”可知此处应用一般现在时,故填is expected。句意:仍有数千人失踪,死亡人数预计在接下来的几天还会增加。
7.higher 考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知这里应用形容词比较级。even修饰比较级,用以加强比较。故填higher。
8.Though/Although/While 考查连词。设空处所在句中间有逗号,逗号前后两部分都有主语,逗号前面表示“正在为遭受海啸袭击的国家组织外国援助”,后面表示“危险的环境和被破坏的道路将使运送食物和补给品变得困难”,故推测设空处应用though、although或while引导让步状语从句。注意首字母大写。
9.damaged 考查过去分词。dangerous conditions and 9 roads是主句主语,roads是名词,缺少修饰成分,roads与damage之间为被动关系,故填过去分词damaged作定语。
10.to deliver 考查不定式。make it difficult to do sth.为固定结构,意为“使做某事很困难”,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。故填to deliver。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国际救援队的组成,开展的国际救援行动以及救援人员的工作内容与要求。
【高频词汇】 1.be made up of由……组成 2.mission n.任务;使命 3.hand out分发 4.risk v.使……冒风险;冒……的危险
1.was formed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语,由时间状语in 2001可知,此处用一般过去时,且提示词form与主语The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR)之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was formed。句意:中国国际救援队成立于2001年,目前由数百名救援人员和大约20只嗅探犬组成。
2.whose 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,结合语境可知,设空处为lives(生活)的定语,表示“那些人的生活”,所以设空处引导定语从句,先行词为those,所以用关系代词whose。
3.for 考查介词。win praise for...意为“因……赢得赞扬”。故填for。
4.has/have completed 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语,结合时间状语Since then可知,此处用现在完成时,主语为集体名词,强调整体时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;强调救援队中的很多个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。故填has completed或have completed。
5.injured 考查过去分词。本句谓语是treated,所以设空处用非谓语动词形式,分析句子结构可知,“ 5 (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia”作后置定语,修饰名词people,提示词injure与people之间为被动关系,故用过去分词。故填injured。句意:该团队治疗了2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3,000多人,并花了几个月的时间为2010年巴基斯坦洪水中的25,000多名罹难者提供了援助。
6.giving 考查动名词。此处是“spend time (in) doing sth.”结构,表示“花时间做某事”。故填giving。
7.supplies 考查名词复数。句意:救援人员接受过搜寻人员、治疗伤口以及分发食品、水和其他补给品方面的训练。设空处表示“补给品”,应用复数形式supplies。
8.dangerous 考查形容词。设空处在which引导的定语从句中作表语,应用形容词形式,which指代conditions,故设空处填dangerous,意为“危险的”。
9.the 考查冠词。句意:他们甚至还埋葬死者。这里表示一类人,用“the+形容词”结构,the dead意为“死者”。故填the。
10.to save 考查不定式。句意:冒着自己的生命危险去救别人需要很多爱和勇气。risk one's life to do sth.意为“冒着生命危险做某事”,故填to save。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极地涡旋的基本信息及其造成的不良后果,但是好在得克萨斯州的一些城市已经有了较充分的准备。
【高频词汇】 1.shift n.转移,改变 2.maintain vt.维持;保持 3.struggle with和……斗争 4.consequence n.结果;后果 5.outstanding adj.优秀的;杰出的
6.coverage n.覆盖范围 7.employ vt.使用;应用
【熟词生义】 1.couple熟义:n.夫妇;两人 生义:v.结合
2.tight熟义:adj.紧的 生义:adj.急转的
3.in place熟义:准备就绪,在正确位置 生义:未移动
【差距词汇】 1.be accustomed to习惯于
2.modify v.修改,调整
1.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词后的“各家公司也无法告知客户何时能够恢复供电”可知停电了,再结合画线词前面的“厚重的冰雪加上倒下的树木”可推测,冰雪以及倒下的树木导致了主要城市停电,故画线词outages与“断电;停电”有关。故选C。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“They are kept in place at the poles...the jet stream. However, when the jet stream weakens, the cold winds of the polar vortex are pushed southwards”可知,极地涡旋被另一种被称为急流的大气流固定在两极。然而,当急流减弱时,北极的极地涡旋的冷风就会被向南推。所以极地涡旋受到急流的影响。故选B。
3.D 主旨大意题。第三段讲到,在得克萨斯州,道路冰封,导致了六起交通死亡事故,许多学校关闭;农作物和动物也在受冻。由此可知,该段主要讲的是极地涡旋造成的严重影响。故选D。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“阿马里洛之所以优秀,是因为这座城市经过了重新设计,以抵御强烈的冬季风暴”可推知,阿马里洛令人赞叹是因为它已采取有效措施来抵御冬季风暴。故选D。
易错归因
本题易误选B项,原因是受最后一段中“the other Texas cities will follow the good example set by Amarillo”的影响,学生要重点关注这句话前面的Hopefully,该词表明后文内容只是有望实现,而不是实际存在的,所以B项内容不是正确的表述。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对滑坡给出了一些具体可行的建议。
【高频词汇】 1.occur v.发生 2.quantity n.数量
3.extremely adv.极其;非常 4.predict v.预测 5.take action采取行动 6.analysis n.分析 7.determine v.确定;决定 8.in advance提前
【差距词汇】 in the event of...如果……发生
1.C 过渡句。设空处上句提到,虽然滑坡常常难以预测,但是你可以为滑坡做一些准备工作。下文给出了四条具体的建议。C项“这里有一些可以帮助你的小建议”承上启下,符合语境。故选C。
2.F 细节句。本段主旨句为“使你自己保持警觉和清醒”,空前讲到许多与滑坡有关的死亡发生在人们睡着的时候。F项“如果你和其他人在一起,一起努力让彼此保持清醒”提议要保持清醒,承接上文且与本段主旨句意思一致,符合语境。故选F。
3.B 主旨句。设空处为主旨句,本段主要讲了可以到指定的公共避难所避难。分析选项可知,B项“去公共避难所”能够概括本段主要内容。故选B。
4.D 细节句。本段主旨句为“咨询当地官员过去发生的滑坡”,分析选项可知,D项“和当地官员谈谈你所在地区的滑坡”与本段主旨句意思一致,符合语境。故选D。
5.G 细节句。根据本段主旨句“Make an emergency kit.”可知,本段给出的建议是准备一个应急包。分析选项可知,G项“应急包包含你们一家人在紧急情况下需要的必需品”与本段主旨相关,符合语境。故选G。
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2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Part 3 Reading for Writing, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.一词多义
A.v.划(火柴) B.v.(灾难、疾病等)侵袭
C.v.使突然想到 D.v.(钟)敲,报时 E.n.罢工
1.The clock struck twelve, showing that it was midnight.
2.The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the room immediately.
3.They have been on strike for several days to get higher pay.
4.(2025广东茂名期中)Great damage has been caused by the tornado which struck the area.
5.(2020北京)But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described.
A.v.影响 B.v.(疾病)侵袭
6.(2024新课标Ⅱ)AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
7.It's not that exercise makes you healthy; it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2020新高考Ⅰ)However, the majority of people are (effect) speakers because they train to be.
2. summary, my mom's simple act has a deep effect me.
3.Our team of experts will be hand to offer help between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. daily.
4.The Englishman did what he said. He came to China in 1986 with a plan to run the whole (long) of the Great Wall.
5.(2025山东烟台期中)With millions of riders on the road, China's food (deliver) industry has long prided itself on being able to reach every corner of the country.
6.I will spare no effort (introduce) more aspects of Chinese culture to students through more events, and further raise their interest in learning Chinese and understanding Chinese culture.
7. struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending to know what I didn't know.
8.Professor Jeff is to give the students a talk on all he saw and heard in China.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.由于心里发慌,我深吸了一口气,试图平静下来,然后向我的新老师挥了挥手。
With butterflies in my stomach, I , trying to , and then my new teacher.(读后续写—动作描写)
2.(2021新高考Ⅰ写作)我正在访问我们学校的网站,这时我注意到了英文报Youth。(was/were doing...when...)
I our school's website the English newspaper Youth.
3.雨开始下得很大,使得难以透过窗户看到她前院的树木。(现在分词作结果状语,make)
Rain started to come down hard, the trees in her front yard through the window.(读后续写—场景描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
A tsunami caused by the most 1 (power) earthquake in the past 40 years crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing over 6,500 people in several 2 (country). The undersea earthquake 3 reached a magnitude of 9.0 occurred around 7:00 am, Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island, 4 (cause) at least 1,870 deaths. In Sri Lanka, the number of deaths stood 5 2,498 while in India as many as 1,900 people were killed.
Thousands of people are still missing and the number of deaths 6 (expect) to grow even 7 (high) over the next few days. 8 foreign aid is being organized for the tsunami-hit countries, dangerous conditions and 9 (damage) roads will make it difficult 10 (deliver) food and supplies.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025湖北部分高中联盟期中)
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) 1 (form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. The team brings help and hope to those 2 lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, drought, or any other natural disaster.
After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. That year the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China and the team won high praise 3 their bravery and skill. Since then, the CISAR 4 (complete) many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people 5 (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia and spent several months 6 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water and other 7 (supply). They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can be 8 (danger). And they even bury 9 dead. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one's own life 10 (save) someone else.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2025福建厦门期中)
As a shift of the polar vortex(极地涡旋) swept across much of the US, many people in the country were struck by a sudden cold snap(寒流). Heavy ice and snow coupled with fallen trees caused the outages in major cities, with companies unable to tell their customers when power will be back on.
Polar vortices were noticed long ago. But the first known use of the term “polar vortex” was in a magazine in 1853. Polar vortices are present year-round, but we don't hear about them until they cause problems. They maintain freezing temperatures at the North Pole and the South Pole by moving in tight counterclockwise(逆时针方向的) patterns. Polar vortices grow stronger in winter and weaken in summer. They are kept in place at the poles by another atmospheric current(大气流) called the jet stream. However, when the jet stream weakens, the cold winds of the polar vortex at the North Pole are pushed southwards and it is during this time that people begin to pay attention!
In Texas, roads froze over, causing six traffic deaths, and many schools were shut down. People are not the only living things to struggle with the cold. Crops and animals are also freezing. This could have major consequences, especially if herds of cattle die. If snow blocks cattle's way, the animals can't reach basic necessities like food and fresh water.
On a brighter note, some Texas cities, for instance, Amarillo, were more prepared than others. Amarillo is located in North Texas, so people there are more accustomed to lower temperatures. Amarillo is outstanding because the city was redesigned to stand up to strong winter storms. Officials have made fire stations spread to increase coverage of first responders, employed modified dump trucks to clear ice, and upgraded the civic center to provide protection during storms. Hopefully, the other Texas cities will follow the good example set by Amarillo!
1.What does the underlined word “outages” refer to
A.Traffic jams. B.Snow removal. C.Power cuts. D.Traffic accidents.
2.What can we learn about polar vortices
A.They grow stronger in summer. B.They are affected by the jet stream.
C.They were first observed in 1853. D.They move in a clockwise direction.
3.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The definition of the polar vortex. B.The characteristics of the polar vortex.
C.The ways to deal with the polar vortex. D.The serious impact made by the polar vortex.
4.Why is Amarillo impressive
A.It is located in the north of Texas.
B.It sets an example for other cities.
C.It has been upgraded and modernized on a regular basis.
D.It has taken effective measures to resist winter storms.
Ⅳ.七选五
(2024云南昭通期中)
Landslides occur when large quantities of substances(物质), including rocks, earth and trees, slide down a slope(斜坡). They may occur as a result of fires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storms or human activities. Landslides are particularly dangerous because they strike suddenly, move at extremely high speed, and travel long distance. Although landslides are often difficult to predict, you can prepare for them. 1
Keep yourself alert and awake. Landslides can occur quite suddenly, so you need to be ready to take action at a moment's notice. Many landslide-related deaths occur while people are asleep. 2
3 Your local community should have a designated(指定的) public shelter. Go to the shelter if your home is unsafe or the authorities have called for an evacuation.
Consult local officials about past landslides. Landslides tend to happen in the same area where they have occurred before. 4 If you are in an at-risk area, consider getting a site analysis of your property. This will help you determine necessary corrective measures.
Make an emergency kit. 5 Make your kit in advance so it is ready when needed. Your kit should contain enough food and water to last for at least 72 hours, as well as supplies like medications, flashlights, batteries, cellphones, copies of personal documents, and cash.
A.Notice unusual sounds.
B.Go to a public shelter.
C.Here are some tips which can help you.
D.Talk to local officials about landslides in your area.
E.In the event of a landslide or other emergencies, choose a place.
F.If you are with other people, work together to keep one another awake.
G.An emergency kit contains the essentials that your household will need during an emergency.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.D 句意:时钟敲响了十二点,表明已经是午夜了。
2.A 句意:女孩划了一根火柴,温暖的光立刻照满了房间。
3.E 句意:他们为加薪已经罢工好几天了。
4.B 句意:龙卷风袭击了该地区,造成了巨大的损失。
5.C 句意:但史密斯猛然发现的主要是这样一个事实:她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。
6.A 句意:人工智能将会影响我们所有人,如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书,那就是这本了。
7.B 句意:并非运动使你健康;更多的是缺乏运动会让你的身体变得虚弱,且容易受到疾病的侵袭。
Ⅱ.1.effective 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作定语,修饰复数名词speakers,故填形容词effective,意为“卓有成效的”。句意:然而,大多数人是因为他们受过训练才成为卓有成效的演讲者。
2.In;on 考查介词。句意:总之,我妈妈简单的行为对我影响很深。in summary意为“总之”,第一空置于句首,第一个字母要大写,故填In。have a(n)...effect on...意为“对……有……的影响”,故第二空填on。
3.on 考查固定搭配。on hand意为“在场;在近旁;现有(尤指帮助)”。句意:每天上午8点到下午5点,我们的专家小组将随时/现场提供帮助。
4.length 考查名词。句意:那个英国人说到做到。他在1986年来到中国,计划跑完长城的全程。根据空前的the whole和空后的of可知此处应用名词,long是形容词,其名词是length。
5.delivery 考查名词。句意:中国拥有数百万外卖骑手在路上,长期以来,中国外卖行业一直以能够触及全国各个角落而自豪。food delivery表示“食品配送”,故填delivery。本题中pride用作动词,pride oneself on (doing) sth.意为“为……而骄傲/自豪”。
6.to introduce 考查不定式。spare no effort to do sth.意为“不遗余力地做某事”。故填不定式to introduce。句意:我将不遗余力地通过更多的活动向学生介绍中国文化的更多方面,进一步提高他们学习中文和了解中国文化的兴趣。
7.It 考查代词。It strikes/struck sb. that...意为“某人突然想到……”,It为形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。设空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填It。句意: 我突然意识到,我假装知道我不知道的事情,以此来欺骗自己。
8.that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前的all为空后的saw and heard的宾语,故推测设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作宾语,先行词为all,故关系词用that。句意:杰夫教授将给学生们做一个关于他在中国的所见所闻的报告。
Ⅲ.1.breathed deeply;calm down;waved at/to 2.was visiting;when I noticed 3.making it hard to see
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.powerful 考查形容词。根据设空处前面的the most和后面的名词earthquake可知此处应用形容词,power是名词,其形容词是powerful,意为“强大的”。故填powerful。
2.countries 考查名词复数。由空前的several(几个)可知此处应用名词复数形式。故填countries。
3.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面为名词earthquake,后面部分缺主语(设空处后面为谓语动词reached),且结合语境可知这里应表达“the undersea earthquake reached a magnitude of 9.0”,故设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,修饰指物的名词,故填关系代词which或that。
4.causing 考查现在分词。设空处所在句已有谓语occurred,所以设空处用非谓语动词形式;设空处指海底地震“造成”的结果,The undersea earthquake与cause之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作结果状语。
5.at 考查介词。 stand at表示“达到特定水平(或数量、高度等)”。此处指死亡人数达到2,498。故填at。
6.is expected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。“the number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数;the number of deaths和expect(预计)之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;结合前面的“are still missing”可知此处应用一般现在时,故填is expected。句意:仍有数千人失踪,死亡人数预计在接下来的几天还会增加。
7.higher 考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知这里应用形容词比较级。even修饰比较级,用以加强比较。故填higher。
8.Though/Although/While 考查连词。设空处所在句中间有逗号,逗号前后两部分都有主语,逗号前面表示“正在为遭受海啸袭击的国家组织外国援助”,后面表示“危险的环境和被破坏的道路将使运送食物和补给品变得困难”,故推测设空处应用though、although或while引导让步状语从句。注意首字母大写。
9.damaged 考查过去分词。dangerous conditions and 9 roads是主句主语,roads是名词,缺少修饰成分,roads与damage之间为被动关系,故填过去分词damaged作定语。
10.to deliver 考查不定式。make it difficult to do sth.为固定结构,意为“使做某事很困难”,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。故填to deliver。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国际救援队的组成,开展的国际救援行动以及救援人员的工作内容与要求。
【高频词汇】 1.be made up of由……组成 2.mission n.任务;使命 3.hand out分发 4.risk v.使……冒风险;冒……的危险
1.was formed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语,由时间状语in 2001可知,此处用一般过去时,且提示词form与主语The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR)之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was formed。句意:中国国际救援队成立于2001年,目前由数百名救援人员和大约20只嗅探犬组成。
2.whose 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,结合语境可知,设空处为lives(生活)的定语,表示“那些人的生活”,所以设空处引导定语从句,先行词为those,所以用关系代词whose。
3.for 考查介词。win praise for...意为“因……赢得赞扬”。故填for。
4.has/have completed 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语,结合时间状语Since then可知,此处用现在完成时,主语为集体名词,强调整体时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;强调救援队中的很多个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。故填has completed或have completed。
5.injured 考查过去分词。本句谓语是treated,所以设空处用非谓语动词形式,分析句子结构可知,“ 5 (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia”作后置定语,修饰名词people,提示词injure与people之间为被动关系,故用过去分词。故填injured。句意:该团队治疗了2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3,000多人,并花了几个月的时间为2010年巴基斯坦洪水中的25,000多名罹难者提供了援助。
6.giving 考查动名词。此处是“spend time (in) doing sth.”结构,表示“花时间做某事”。故填giving。
7.supplies 考查名词复数。句意:救援人员接受过搜寻人员、治疗伤口以及分发食品、水和其他补给品方面的训练。设空处表示“补给品”,应用复数形式supplies。
8.dangerous 考查形容词。设空处在which引导的定语从句中作表语,应用形容词形式,which指代conditions,故设空处填dangerous,意为“危险的”。
9.the 考查冠词。句意:他们甚至还埋葬死者。这里表示一类人,用“the+形容词”结构,the dead意为“死者”。故填the。
10.to save 考查不定式。句意:冒着自己的生命危险去救别人需要很多爱和勇气。risk one's life to do sth.意为“冒着生命危险做某事”,故填to save。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极地涡旋的基本信息及其造成的不良后果,但是好在得克萨斯州的一些城市已经有了较充分的准备。
【高频词汇】 1.shift n.转移,改变 2.maintain vt.维持;保持 3.struggle with和……斗争 4.consequence n.结果;后果 5.outstanding adj.优秀的;杰出的
6.coverage n.覆盖范围 7.employ vt.使用;应用
【熟词生义】 1.couple熟义:n.夫妇;两人 生义:v.结合
2.tight熟义:adj.紧的 生义:adj.急转的
3.in place熟义:准备就绪,在正确位置 生义:未移动
【差距词汇】 1.be accustomed to习惯于
2.modify v.修改,调整
1.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段画线词后的“各家公司也无法告知客户何时能够恢复供电”可知停电了,再结合画线词前面的“厚重的冰雪加上倒下的树木”可推测,冰雪以及倒下的树木导致了主要城市停电,故画线词outages与“断电;停电”有关。故选C。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“They are kept in place at the poles...the jet stream. However, when the jet stream weakens, the cold winds of the polar vortex are pushed southwards”可知,极地涡旋被另一种被称为急流的大气流固定在两极。然而,当急流减弱时,北极的极地涡旋的冷风就会被向南推。所以极地涡旋受到急流的影响。故选B。
3.D 主旨大意题。第三段讲到,在得克萨斯州,道路冰封,导致了六起交通死亡事故,许多学校关闭;农作物和动物也在受冻。由此可知,该段主要讲的是极地涡旋造成的严重影响。故选D。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“阿马里洛之所以优秀,是因为这座城市经过了重新设计,以抵御强烈的冬季风暴”可推知,阿马里洛令人赞叹是因为它已采取有效措施来抵御冬季风暴。故选D。
易错归因
本题易误选B项,原因是受最后一段中“the other Texas cities will follow the good example set by Amarillo”的影响,学生要重点关注这句话前面的Hopefully,该词表明后文内容只是有望实现,而不是实际存在的,所以B项内容不是正确的表述。
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对滑坡给出了一些具体可行的建议。
【高频词汇】 1.occur v.发生 2.quantity n.数量
3.extremely adv.极其;非常 4.predict v.预测 5.take action采取行动 6.analysis n.分析 7.determine v.确定;决定 8.in advance提前
【差距词汇】 in the event of...如果……发生
1.C 过渡句。设空处上句提到,虽然滑坡常常难以预测,但是你可以为滑坡做一些准备工作。下文给出了四条具体的建议。C项“这里有一些可以帮助你的小建议”承上启下,符合语境。故选C。
2.F 细节句。本段主旨句为“使你自己保持警觉和清醒”,空前讲到许多与滑坡有关的死亡发生在人们睡着的时候。F项“如果你和其他人在一起,一起努力让彼此保持清醒”提议要保持清醒,承接上文且与本段主旨句意思一致,符合语境。故选F。
3.B 主旨句。设空处为主旨句,本段主要讲了可以到指定的公共避难所避难。分析选项可知,B项“去公共避难所”能够概括本段主要内容。故选B。
4.D 细节句。本段主旨句为“咨询当地官员过去发生的滑坡”,分析选项可知,D项“和当地官员谈谈你所在地区的滑坡”与本段主旨句意思一致,符合语境。故选D。
5.G 细节句。根据本段主旨句“Make an emergency kit.”可知,本段给出的建议是准备一个应急包。分析选项可知,G项“应急包包含你们一家人在紧急情况下需要的必需品”与本段主旨相关,符合语境。故选G。
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