2026人教版高中英语必修第一册练习--UNIT 5 Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2021全国甲)His face is almost the international (象征) for genius.
2.Well-established writing (系统) help writers organize their thoughts effectively.
3.(2023北京)The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple(多种) (因素).
4.(2023浙江1月)The term “hutong”, originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan D .
5.With over 1.4 billion speakers, you can meet n Chinese speakers all over the world.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. my point of view, we can have a party in the open air.
2.Spring is in the air and this city has set up 172 “flower (appreciate) areas” for visitors.
3.Fortunately, they survived the fire means of breathing through a wet towel.
4.(2023天津)Every Saturday I begged Mom not (make) me go to the swim meet, but had little chance of success.
5.The company is struggling (find) buyers for its new products and every worker is struggling the company's future.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
用关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空
1.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years / our children were little.
2.One of the reasons / he was refused in the interview was that he spoke broken English.
3.He gets into a situation / it is hard to decide what is right.
4.We have come to a point / it is difficult to reach an agreement.
5.(易错题)(2023新课标Ⅰ)In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 / over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.
6.(2021天津3月)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes we can learn without repeating them.
7.(2020北京)But so far that is only true for the specific tasks the systems have been designed.
8.The woman I turned for help just now is my English teacher.
9.(2025江苏连云港月考)I wanted to reach out to and connect with somebody I had something in common.
10.The local peasants gave the soldiers clothes and food they would have died of hunger or cold.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.你练习得越多,你理解得就越好。(the+比较级...,the+比较级...)
you practice, you can understand.
2.Guzheng is part of traditional Chinese culture and it is greatly important for Chinese folk music.(句型转换,“be of+抽象名词”)
→Guzheng is part of traditional Chinese culture and it for Chinese folk music.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025河北保定月考)
It is often said that if we dream in a foreign language, it's a symbol that we are making progress in learning that language. But is it true
Before we look at multilingual (多语言的) dreams, first we need to look at sleep. The link between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language, including our mother tongue. Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language, but if we are going to have a firm grasp of that new word, we need to link it to our existing knowledge. “In order to do that, we need to have some sleep,” says Gareth Gaskell, a psychology professor at the University of York.
It's during sleep that the connection between old and new knowledge happens. At night, one part of our brain—the hippocampus (海马体)—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored. The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied, but it's entirely possible that during multilingual dreams, the brain is trying to connect two languages, according to Marc Züst, a researcher at the University of Bern.
So having multilingual dreams could mean that our brain is trying to master a new word or phrase, but it could also have an emotional significance. Danuta Barker, a professor of psycholinguistics (心理语言学) at the University of Silesia in Poland, suggests that multilingual dreams can express fears and desires for learning a foreign language, including the wish to be a native-like speaker or to be accepted within a certain community.
We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams, but one thing seems certain: if you're trying to learn a new language, you should definitely sleep on it.
1.Which of the following does Gareth agree with
A.Adults are better at learning.
B.We can learn words while sleeping.
C.Our existing knowledge is from dreams.
D.Multilingual dreams have nothing to do with progress.
2.What is the function of the hippocampus
A.Studying the role of the dream. B.Analyzing the learning process.
C.Developing the new area of the brain. D.Collecting and delivering information.
3.What does Danuta Barker study
A.Emotion and dreams. B.Languages and communities.
C.Universities and courses. D.Words and expressions.
4.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Why we learn a foreign language in the dream.
B.Learning languages is completely by sleeping.
C.Sleeping plays an important part in the development of brains.
D.How multilingual dreams are connected with language learning.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025吉林长春期末)
When I attended high school, I studied Spanish for four years—mainly because it was a demand. When I landed a job working in restaurant management in a location with a nearly 100% Hispanic staff, I immediately regretted my lack of commitment when I was younger. Through some online help and a lot of aid from my workers, however, I eventually became fluent in Spanish. 1 , there are several great reasons to do so.
Improve Intelligence
Research conducted at York University in Toronto, Canada found that people who studied a second language scored higher on standardized testing compared to those who did not. 2 .
Travel More Conveniently
Have you ever wished you could travel the world, but you didn't, because you were frightened by communication issues 3 . Even if you only have a basic understanding of German, for example, a trip to Bonn or Berlin suddenly becomes that much more convenient and easy to manage.
Increase Job Opportunities
4 . That means that companies in the US are in need of more workers who can speak second languages. If you've been feeling stuck in your current job or career, learning another language might be your ticket out of that situation. According to the website YouGov, only 25% of Americans speak a second language, and that means it will give you a real leg-up in the competition if you're in that group.
Strengthen Memory
A huge part of learning a second language is memorization. 5 . Energizing the memory muscle of your brain allows you to better remember other items and events, potentially making you a stronger worker and enriching your life in general.
A.If you speak their foreign tongue
B.The economy is more globalized than ever before
C.Learning a second language can put that fear to rest
D.Those tools can help you bone up on your English as well
E.After all, you're dealing with a subject foreign to your mind
F.Whether or not your job requires you to learn a second language
G.Learning a second language can also help you see things in a new light
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025山东临沂期中)
One year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms (习语), though my teacher told me about them again and again. But soon, the 1 of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.
One day, I 2 to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the 3 seemed to be surprised. Gently shaking his 4 and shrugging his shoulders, he said, “You don't say!” I was 5 . I thought perhaps this was not a proper 6 . I had better change it. So I said to him, “Have you ever been to the Great Wall ” “Certainly! It was amazing. Everyone back home would 7 me if I left China without seeing it.” I continued, “The Great Wall is one of the 8 in the world. We are very proud of it.” But soon, “You don't say!” came to my ears again. I couldn't 9 asking, “Why did you ask me not to talk about it ” “Well, I didn't ask you to do so,” he answered, 10 surprised. I said, “Didn't you say ‘You don't say!’ ” 11 this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to 12 , “‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’. It is a(n) 13 of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a 14 of myself. Since then I have been more 15 with idiomatic expressions.
1.A.effect B.difference
C.importance D.attitude
2.A.used B.expected
C.happened D.refused
3.A.foreigner B.teacher
C.student D.native
4.A.hand B.arm
C.head D.body
5.A.worried B.uneasy
C.curious D.confused
6.A.style B.topic
C.opinion D.means
7.A.laugh at B.run after
C.rely on D.refer to
8.A.works B.wonders
C.choices D.examples
9.A.help B.admit
C.regret D.allow
10.A.naturally B.purposely
C.hardly D.greatly
11.A.Finding B.Feeling
C.Hearing D.Noticing
12.A.request B.explain
C.complain D.determine
13.A.problem B.expression
C.goal D.recognition
14.A.sense B.symbol
C.mess D.fool
15.A.satisfied B.annoyed
C.anxious D.careful
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.symbol 2.systems 3.factors 4.Dynasty
5.native
Ⅱ.1.From 考查介词。句意:在我看来,我们可以在户外举行聚会。from my point of view意为“在我看来”,单词位于句首,首字母要大写。故填From。
2.appreciation 考查名词。句意:春意盎然,这座城市为游客设置了172个“赏花区”。此处应用名词作定语。故填appreciation。flower appreciation areas意为“赏花区”。
3.by 考查介词。by means of意为“依靠……方法;借助……手段”。 句意:幸运的是,他们依靠通过湿毛巾呼吸的方法,从火灾中幸存了下来。
4.to make 考查动词不定式。句意:每个星期六,我都恳求妈妈不要让我去参加游泳比赛,但成功的可能性很小。beg sb. (not) to do sth.意为“恳求某人(不要)做某事”。故填to make。
5.to find;for 考查struggle的用法。句意:该公司正在努力为其新产品寻找买家,每个工人都在为公司的未来而奋斗。struggle to do sth.意为“努力做某事”;struggle for...意为“为……而奋斗”。故第一空填to find,第二空填for。
Ⅲ.1.when;in which 将先行词代入从句后为“our children were little in the early years”。
2.why;for which 将先行词代入从句后为“he was refused in the interview for the reasons”。
3.where;in which 将先行词代入从句后为“it is hard to decide what is right in the situation”。
4.where/when;at which 将先行词代入从句后为“it is difficult to reach an agreement at the point”。point在这里可表时间,意为“时刻,时候”;也可表抽象的地点,意为“阶段,地步”。
知识拓展
point和stage作先行词时,可以表示地点概念,也可以表示时间概念,因此后面的定语从句的关系副词可用where,也可用when,需要根据句意选择。
5.where/in which 将先行词代入从句后为“over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter in the experiment”。
易错归因
本题易受前面“2018”的影响误填when。2018并不是定语从句的先行词,“I ran in 2018”为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰experiment。experiment才是设空处引导的定语从句的先行词。
6.from which 将先行词代入从句后为“we can learn from past mistakes without repeating them”。
7.for which 将先行词代入从句后为“the systems have been designed for the specific tasks”。
8.to whom 将先行词代入从句后为“I turned to the woman for help just now”。
9.with whom 将先行词代入从句后为“I had something in common with somebody”。
10.without which 将先行词代入从句后为“they would have died of hunger or cold without clothes and food”。
Ⅳ.1.The more;the better 2.is of great importance
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于任何语言的学习,包括我们的母语。
【高频词汇】 1.apply...to...把……应用到……
2.link...to...把……与……联系起来 3.existing adj.现有的;现存的 4.connection n.联系,关联
5.significance n.意义,重要性 6.desire n.渴望
1.B 推理判断题。第二段第三句讲到,即使是成年人仍每两天就会学大约一个母语中的新词,但如果我们要牢牢掌握这个新词,就需要将它与我们现有的知识联系起来。随后是Gareth 说的话“为了做到这一点,我们需要一些睡眠”,由此可推知,Gareth同意的观点是我们可以在睡觉的时候学词。故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the hippocampus (海马体)—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored”可知,海马体的功能是收集和传递信息。故选D。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知,做多语言的梦可能意味着我们的大脑正在努力掌握一个新的词或短语,但它也可能具有情感意义。结合该段最后Danuta的看法“多语言梦可能表达了对学习外语的恐惧和渴望”可知,Danuta研究的是“情感和梦的关系”。故选A。
4.D 主旨大意题。
分析文章结构可知,文章主要说明了梦和语言学习之间的联系,所以D项“多语言梦如何与语言学习产生联系”概括了文章主旨。故选D。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者根据自己学习西班牙语的经历,告诉我们无论你的工作是否要求你学习第二语言,你都有必要学习的几个理由。
【高频词汇】 1.location n.位置;地方;地点
2.eventually adv.最后;终于 3.fluent adj.流利的
4.compared to与……比较 5.convenient adj.方便的 6.potentially adv.潜在地;可能地
【熟词生义】 land熟义:v.着陆;降落 生义:v.成功得到,赢得
1.F 过渡句。设空处为半句,由后面的逗号可知,此处应是从句。前文讲了作者因工作需要学习西班牙语并最终流利掌握,设空处后讲到“这样做有几个很好的理由”。分析选项可知,F项“无论你的工作是否要求你学习第二语言”既承接了上文作者因工作而学习第二语言的经历,又与下文衔接,表明“不论工作是否有需求,都有学习第二语言的理由”,符合语境。故选F。
2.G 细节句。本段小标题为“提升智力”,空前讲到研究发现,学习第二语言的人在标准化测试中得分更高。G项“学习第二语言也可以帮助你从新的角度看待事物”也是关于智力方面的内容,符合语境。故选G。
3.C 细节句。该段小标题是“更方便地旅行”,前文提出有没有因为害怕交流而不敢环球旅行的疑问。C项“学习第二语言可以消除这种恐惧”直接回应了前文的疑问,说明学习第二语言能解决因交流问题带来的旅行恐惧,使旅行更方便,符合语境。故选C。
4.B 细节句。该段小标题是 “增加工作机会”,所以本段与工作有关。后文说美国的公司需要更多会说第二语言的员工,B项“经济比以往任何时候都更加全球化”解释了后文提到的美国公司需要更多会说第二语言的员工的原因,符合语境。故选B。
5.E 细节句。该段第一句提到,学习第二语言的很大一部分内容就是记忆。 空后讲了为你大脑的记忆肌肉增添活力能让你更好地记住其他的事物,结合选项可知,E项“毕竟,你是在处理一个对你的大脑来说陌生的问题”符合语境,“处理对大脑来说陌生的问题”可以起到锻炼大脑的作用,从而“为大脑的记忆肌肉增添活力”,故选E。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者由于没有注意到习语的重要性,在一次与外国友人的交流中出了洋相。由此作者意识到在学习英语的过程中注重习语的重要性。
【高频词汇】 1.pay attention to关注…… 2.amusing adj.好笑的 3.gently adv.温和地 4.amazing adj.令人惊奇的
【差距词汇】 shrug v.耸(肩)
1.C 根据上文“One year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms”和“But soon”可知,上下文之间是转折关系,说明作者之前不重视英语习语,但后来认识到了它的重要性。A.作用;B.区别;C.重要性;D.态度。故选C。
2.C 根据句中的“on the road”可推知,作者碰巧遇到一个英国人。A.使用;B.期待;C.碰巧;D.拒绝。故选C。
3.A 根据下文的“The Great Wall is...We are very proud of it.”可知,作者是中国人。结合前面的Englishman可知,作者是与外国人交谈。A.外国人;B.教师;C.学生;D.本地人。故选A。
4.C 根据上文的“be surprised”和下文的“shrugging his shoulders”可知,这个外国人感到惊讶,所以摇头耸肩。A.手;B.胳膊;C.头;D.身体。故选C。
5.D 根据下文“But soon, ‘You don't say!’ came to my ears again. I couldn't 9 asking, ‘Why did you ask me not to talk about it ’”可知,作者不理解“You don't say!”的意思,感觉很困惑。A.担心的;B.不安的;C.好奇的;D.困惑的。故选D。
6.B 根据下文“I had better change it.”可知,作者认为自己选择的谈话的话题不合适,所以决定换一个话题。A.风格;B.话题;C.观点;D.方式。故选B。
7.A 结合常识和后文“if I left China without seeing it”可知,如果外国人来中国没去长城,则会被家里人笑话。A.嘲笑;B.追逐;C.依靠;D.提及。故选A。
8.B 结合常识和下一句“We are very proud of it.”可知,这里指长城是世界上的奇迹之一。A.作品;B.奇迹;C.选择;D.例子。故选B。
9.A 根据上文“But soon, ‘You don't say!’ came to my ears again.”和下文“Why did you ask me not to talk about it ”可知,作者对于外国人一直说“You don't say!”感到不理解,故忍不住问他原因。can't help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事”。故选A。
10.D 根据“Well, I didn't ask you to do so”和“‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’.”可知,外国人并不是不让作者谈论这个话题,所以这里指外国人非常惊讶。A.自然地;B.故意地;C.几乎不;D.非常。故选D。
11.C 根据上文“Didn't you say ‘You don't say!’ ” 和下文“the Englishman laughed to tears”可知,英国人听了作者的话之后笑哭了。A.找到;B.感觉;C.听到;D.注意到。故选C。
12.B 根据句中的“‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’. It is a(n) 13 of surprise.”可知,英国人给作者解释了什么是“You don't say!”。A.要求;B.解释;C.抱怨;D.决定。故选B。
13.B 根据前文“‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’.”可知,这是表示惊讶的措辞。A.问题;B.词语,措辞;C.目标;D.承认。故选B。
14.D 根据上文内容可知,作者不知道“You don't say!”这个英语习语的真正含义,出了洋相。make a fool of oneself意为“出洋相;出丑”。故选D。
15.D 根据上文“Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself.”可知,作者在知道自己出了洋相后,对英语习语更加小心了。A.感到满意的;B.恼怒的;C.焦虑的;D.小心的。故选D。
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2026人教版高中英语必修第一册
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2021全国甲)His face is almost the international (象征) for genius.
2.Well-established writing (系统) help writers organize their thoughts effectively.
3.(2023北京)The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple(多种) (因素).
4.(2023浙江1月)The term “hutong”, originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan D .
5.With over 1.4 billion speakers, you can meet n Chinese speakers all over the world.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. my point of view, we can have a party in the open air.
2.Spring is in the air and this city has set up 172 “flower (appreciate) areas” for visitors.
3.Fortunately, they survived the fire means of breathing through a wet towel.
4.(2023天津)Every Saturday I begged Mom not (make) me go to the swim meet, but had little chance of success.
5.The company is struggling (find) buyers for its new products and every worker is struggling the company's future.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
用关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空
1.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years / our children were little.
2.One of the reasons / he was refused in the interview was that he spoke broken English.
3.He gets into a situation / it is hard to decide what is right.
4.We have come to a point / it is difficult to reach an agreement.
5.(易错题)(2023新课标Ⅰ)In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 / over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.
6.(2021天津3月)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes we can learn without repeating them.
7.(2020北京)But so far that is only true for the specific tasks the systems have been designed.
8.The woman I turned for help just now is my English teacher.
9.(2025江苏连云港月考)I wanted to reach out to and connect with somebody I had something in common.
10.The local peasants gave the soldiers clothes and food they would have died of hunger or cold.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.你练习得越多,你理解得就越好。(the+比较级...,the+比较级...)
you practice, you can understand.
2.Guzheng is part of traditional Chinese culture and it is greatly important for Chinese folk music.(句型转换,“be of+抽象名词”)
→Guzheng is part of traditional Chinese culture and it for Chinese folk music.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025河北保定月考)
It is often said that if we dream in a foreign language, it's a symbol that we are making progress in learning that language. But is it true
Before we look at multilingual (多语言的) dreams, first we need to look at sleep. The link between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language, including our mother tongue. Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language, but if we are going to have a firm grasp of that new word, we need to link it to our existing knowledge. “In order to do that, we need to have some sleep,” says Gareth Gaskell, a psychology professor at the University of York.
It's during sleep that the connection between old and new knowledge happens. At night, one part of our brain—the hippocampus (海马体)—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored. The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied, but it's entirely possible that during multilingual dreams, the brain is trying to connect two languages, according to Marc Züst, a researcher at the University of Bern.
So having multilingual dreams could mean that our brain is trying to master a new word or phrase, but it could also have an emotional significance. Danuta Barker, a professor of psycholinguistics (心理语言学) at the University of Silesia in Poland, suggests that multilingual dreams can express fears and desires for learning a foreign language, including the wish to be a native-like speaker or to be accepted within a certain community.
We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams, but one thing seems certain: if you're trying to learn a new language, you should definitely sleep on it.
1.Which of the following does Gareth agree with
A.Adults are better at learning.
B.We can learn words while sleeping.
C.Our existing knowledge is from dreams.
D.Multilingual dreams have nothing to do with progress.
2.What is the function of the hippocampus
A.Studying the role of the dream. B.Analyzing the learning process.
C.Developing the new area of the brain. D.Collecting and delivering information.
3.What does Danuta Barker study
A.Emotion and dreams. B.Languages and communities.
C.Universities and courses. D.Words and expressions.
4.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Why we learn a foreign language in the dream.
B.Learning languages is completely by sleeping.
C.Sleeping plays an important part in the development of brains.
D.How multilingual dreams are connected with language learning.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025吉林长春期末)
When I attended high school, I studied Spanish for four years—mainly because it was a demand. When I landed a job working in restaurant management in a location with a nearly 100% Hispanic staff, I immediately regretted my lack of commitment when I was younger. Through some online help and a lot of aid from my workers, however, I eventually became fluent in Spanish. 1 , there are several great reasons to do so.
Improve Intelligence
Research conducted at York University in Toronto, Canada found that people who studied a second language scored higher on standardized testing compared to those who did not. 2 .
Travel More Conveniently
Have you ever wished you could travel the world, but you didn't, because you were frightened by communication issues 3 . Even if you only have a basic understanding of German, for example, a trip to Bonn or Berlin suddenly becomes that much more convenient and easy to manage.
Increase Job Opportunities
4 . That means that companies in the US are in need of more workers who can speak second languages. If you've been feeling stuck in your current job or career, learning another language might be your ticket out of that situation. According to the website YouGov, only 25% of Americans speak a second language, and that means it will give you a real leg-up in the competition if you're in that group.
Strengthen Memory
A huge part of learning a second language is memorization. 5 . Energizing the memory muscle of your brain allows you to better remember other items and events, potentially making you a stronger worker and enriching your life in general.
A.If you speak their foreign tongue
B.The economy is more globalized than ever before
C.Learning a second language can put that fear to rest
D.Those tools can help you bone up on your English as well
E.After all, you're dealing with a subject foreign to your mind
F.Whether or not your job requires you to learn a second language
G.Learning a second language can also help you see things in a new light
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025山东临沂期中)
One year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms (习语), though my teacher told me about them again and again. But soon, the 1 of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.
One day, I 2 to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the 3 seemed to be surprised. Gently shaking his 4 and shrugging his shoulders, he said, “You don't say!” I was 5 . I thought perhaps this was not a proper 6 . I had better change it. So I said to him, “Have you ever been to the Great Wall ” “Certainly! It was amazing. Everyone back home would 7 me if I left China without seeing it.” I continued, “The Great Wall is one of the 8 in the world. We are very proud of it.” But soon, “You don't say!” came to my ears again. I couldn't 9 asking, “Why did you ask me not to talk about it ” “Well, I didn't ask you to do so,” he answered, 10 surprised. I said, “Didn't you say ‘You don't say!’ ” 11 this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to 12 , “‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’. It is a(n) 13 of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a 14 of myself. Since then I have been more 15 with idiomatic expressions.
1.A.effect B.difference
C.importance D.attitude
2.A.used B.expected
C.happened D.refused
3.A.foreigner B.teacher
C.student D.native
4.A.hand B.arm
C.head D.body
5.A.worried B.uneasy
C.curious D.confused
6.A.style B.topic
C.opinion D.means
7.A.laugh at B.run after
C.rely on D.refer to
8.A.works B.wonders
C.choices D.examples
9.A.help B.admit
C.regret D.allow
10.A.naturally B.purposely
C.hardly D.greatly
11.A.Finding B.Feeling
C.Hearing D.Noticing
12.A.request B.explain
C.complain D.determine
13.A.problem B.expression
C.goal D.recognition
14.A.sense B.symbol
C.mess D.fool
15.A.satisfied B.annoyed
C.anxious D.careful
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.symbol 2.systems 3.factors 4.Dynasty
5.native
Ⅱ.1.From 考查介词。句意:在我看来,我们可以在户外举行聚会。from my point of view意为“在我看来”,单词位于句首,首字母要大写。故填From。
2.appreciation 考查名词。句意:春意盎然,这座城市为游客设置了172个“赏花区”。此处应用名词作定语。故填appreciation。flower appreciation areas意为“赏花区”。
3.by 考查介词。by means of意为“依靠……方法;借助……手段”。 句意:幸运的是,他们依靠通过湿毛巾呼吸的方法,从火灾中幸存了下来。
4.to make 考查动词不定式。句意:每个星期六,我都恳求妈妈不要让我去参加游泳比赛,但成功的可能性很小。beg sb. (not) to do sth.意为“恳求某人(不要)做某事”。故填to make。
5.to find;for 考查struggle的用法。句意:该公司正在努力为其新产品寻找买家,每个工人都在为公司的未来而奋斗。struggle to do sth.意为“努力做某事”;struggle for...意为“为……而奋斗”。故第一空填to find,第二空填for。
Ⅲ.1.when;in which 将先行词代入从句后为“our children were little in the early years”。
2.why;for which 将先行词代入从句后为“he was refused in the interview for the reasons”。
3.where;in which 将先行词代入从句后为“it is hard to decide what is right in the situation”。
4.where/when;at which 将先行词代入从句后为“it is difficult to reach an agreement at the point”。point在这里可表时间,意为“时刻,时候”;也可表抽象的地点,意为“阶段,地步”。
知识拓展
point和stage作先行词时,可以表示地点概念,也可以表示时间概念,因此后面的定语从句的关系副词可用where,也可用when,需要根据句意选择。
5.where/in which 将先行词代入从句后为“over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter in the experiment”。
易错归因
本题易受前面“2018”的影响误填when。2018并不是定语从句的先行词,“I ran in 2018”为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰experiment。experiment才是设空处引导的定语从句的先行词。
6.from which 将先行词代入从句后为“we can learn from past mistakes without repeating them”。
7.for which 将先行词代入从句后为“the systems have been designed for the specific tasks”。
8.to whom 将先行词代入从句后为“I turned to the woman for help just now”。
9.with whom 将先行词代入从句后为“I had something in common with somebody”。
10.without which 将先行词代入从句后为“they would have died of hunger or cold without clothes and food”。
Ⅳ.1.The more;the better 2.is of great importance
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于任何语言的学习,包括我们的母语。
【高频词汇】 1.apply...to...把……应用到……
2.link...to...把……与……联系起来 3.existing adj.现有的;现存的 4.connection n.联系,关联
5.significance n.意义,重要性 6.desire n.渴望
1.B 推理判断题。第二段第三句讲到,即使是成年人仍每两天就会学大约一个母语中的新词,但如果我们要牢牢掌握这个新词,就需要将它与我们现有的知识联系起来。随后是Gareth 说的话“为了做到这一点,我们需要一些睡眠”,由此可推知,Gareth同意的观点是我们可以在睡觉的时候学词。故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the hippocampus (海马体)—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored”可知,海马体的功能是收集和传递信息。故选D。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知,做多语言的梦可能意味着我们的大脑正在努力掌握一个新的词或短语,但它也可能具有情感意义。结合该段最后Danuta的看法“多语言梦可能表达了对学习外语的恐惧和渴望”可知,Danuta研究的是“情感和梦的关系”。故选A。
4.D 主旨大意题。
分析文章结构可知,文章主要说明了梦和语言学习之间的联系,所以D项“多语言梦如何与语言学习产生联系”概括了文章主旨。故选D。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者根据自己学习西班牙语的经历,告诉我们无论你的工作是否要求你学习第二语言,你都有必要学习的几个理由。
【高频词汇】 1.location n.位置;地方;地点
2.eventually adv.最后;终于 3.fluent adj.流利的
4.compared to与……比较 5.convenient adj.方便的 6.potentially adv.潜在地;可能地
【熟词生义】 land熟义:v.着陆;降落 生义:v.成功得到,赢得
1.F 过渡句。设空处为半句,由后面的逗号可知,此处应是从句。前文讲了作者因工作需要学习西班牙语并最终流利掌握,设空处后讲到“这样做有几个很好的理由”。分析选项可知,F项“无论你的工作是否要求你学习第二语言”既承接了上文作者因工作而学习第二语言的经历,又与下文衔接,表明“不论工作是否有需求,都有学习第二语言的理由”,符合语境。故选F。
2.G 细节句。本段小标题为“提升智力”,空前讲到研究发现,学习第二语言的人在标准化测试中得分更高。G项“学习第二语言也可以帮助你从新的角度看待事物”也是关于智力方面的内容,符合语境。故选G。
3.C 细节句。该段小标题是“更方便地旅行”,前文提出有没有因为害怕交流而不敢环球旅行的疑问。C项“学习第二语言可以消除这种恐惧”直接回应了前文的疑问,说明学习第二语言能解决因交流问题带来的旅行恐惧,使旅行更方便,符合语境。故选C。
4.B 细节句。该段小标题是 “增加工作机会”,所以本段与工作有关。后文说美国的公司需要更多会说第二语言的员工,B项“经济比以往任何时候都更加全球化”解释了后文提到的美国公司需要更多会说第二语言的员工的原因,符合语境。故选B。
5.E 细节句。该段第一句提到,学习第二语言的很大一部分内容就是记忆。 空后讲了为你大脑的记忆肌肉增添活力能让你更好地记住其他的事物,结合选项可知,E项“毕竟,你是在处理一个对你的大脑来说陌生的问题”符合语境,“处理对大脑来说陌生的问题”可以起到锻炼大脑的作用,从而“为大脑的记忆肌肉增添活力”,故选E。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者由于没有注意到习语的重要性,在一次与外国友人的交流中出了洋相。由此作者意识到在学习英语的过程中注重习语的重要性。
【高频词汇】 1.pay attention to关注…… 2.amusing adj.好笑的 3.gently adv.温和地 4.amazing adj.令人惊奇的
【差距词汇】 shrug v.耸(肩)
1.C 根据上文“One year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms”和“But soon”可知,上下文之间是转折关系,说明作者之前不重视英语习语,但后来认识到了它的重要性。A.作用;B.区别;C.重要性;D.态度。故选C。
2.C 根据句中的“on the road”可推知,作者碰巧遇到一个英国人。A.使用;B.期待;C.碰巧;D.拒绝。故选C。
3.A 根据下文的“The Great Wall is...We are very proud of it.”可知,作者是中国人。结合前面的Englishman可知,作者是与外国人交谈。A.外国人;B.教师;C.学生;D.本地人。故选A。
4.C 根据上文的“be surprised”和下文的“shrugging his shoulders”可知,这个外国人感到惊讶,所以摇头耸肩。A.手;B.胳膊;C.头;D.身体。故选C。
5.D 根据下文“But soon, ‘You don't say!’ came to my ears again. I couldn't 9 asking, ‘Why did you ask me not to talk about it ’”可知,作者不理解“You don't say!”的意思,感觉很困惑。A.担心的;B.不安的;C.好奇的;D.困惑的。故选D。
6.B 根据下文“I had better change it.”可知,作者认为自己选择的谈话的话题不合适,所以决定换一个话题。A.风格;B.话题;C.观点;D.方式。故选B。
7.A 结合常识和后文“if I left China without seeing it”可知,如果外国人来中国没去长城,则会被家里人笑话。A.嘲笑;B.追逐;C.依靠;D.提及。故选A。
8.B 结合常识和下一句“We are very proud of it.”可知,这里指长城是世界上的奇迹之一。A.作品;B.奇迹;C.选择;D.例子。故选B。
9.A 根据上文“But soon, ‘You don't say!’ came to my ears again.”和下文“Why did you ask me not to talk about it ”可知,作者对于外国人一直说“You don't say!”感到不理解,故忍不住问他原因。can't help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事”。故选A。
10.D 根据“Well, I didn't ask you to do so”和“‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’.”可知,外国人并不是不让作者谈论这个话题,所以这里指外国人非常惊讶。A.自然地;B.故意地;C.几乎不;D.非常。故选D。
11.C 根据上文“Didn't you say ‘You don't say!’ ” 和下文“the Englishman laughed to tears”可知,英国人听了作者的话之后笑哭了。A.找到;B.感觉;C.听到;D.注意到。故选C。
12.B 根据句中的“‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’. It is a(n) 13 of surprise.”可知,英国人给作者解释了什么是“You don't say!”。A.要求;B.解释;C.抱怨;D.决定。故选B。
13.B 根据前文“‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’.”可知,这是表示惊讶的措辞。A.问题;B.词语,措辞;C.目标;D.承认。故选B。
14.D 根据上文内容可知,作者不知道“You don't say!”这个英语习语的真正含义,出了洋相。make a fool of oneself意为“出洋相;出丑”。故选D。
15.D 根据上文“Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself.”可知,作者在知道自己出了洋相后,对英语习语更加小心了。A.感到满意的;B.恼怒的;C.焦虑的;D.小心的。故选D。
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