人教版2017高考英语基础总结及练习：必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes（附答案）

人教版2017高考英语单词总结及练习：必修1Unit4（附答案）
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重点单词
A．写作单词
1．burst
(vi.)爆裂；爆发；(n.)突然破裂；爆发
2．ruin
(n.)废墟；毁灭；(vt.)毁灭；使破产
3．injure
(vt.)损害；伤害
4．destroy
(vt.)毁坏；破坏；消灭
5．shock
(n.)休克；震惊；打击；(vt.
&
vi.)(使)震惊；震动
6．trap
(vt.)使陷入困境；(n.)陷阱；困境
7．bury
(vt.)埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
8．reporter
(n.)记者
9．congratulation
(n.)祝贺；(pl.)贺词
10．judge
(n.)裁判员；法官；(vt.)断定；判断；判决
11．million
(n.)百万
12．event
(n.)事件；大事
13．earthquake
(n.)地震
quake
(n.)地震；震动
B．阅读单词
14．suffering
(n.)苦难；痛苦
15．extreme
(adj.)极度的
16．rescue
(vt.&
n．)救援；营救
17．disaster
(n.)灾难；灾祸
18．shelter
(n.)遮蔽处；避身处；掩蔽
19．bar
(n.)条；棒；条状物
20．damage
(n.&
vt.)损失；损害
21．sincerely
(adv.)真诚地；真挚地
22．express
(vt.)表达；表示；(n.)快车；速递
23．outline
(n.)要点；大纲；轮廓
24．well
(n.)井
25．pipe
(n.)管；导管
26．nation
(n.)民族；国家；国民
27．canal
(n.)运河；水道
28．steam
(n.)蒸汽；水汽
29．brick
(n.)砖；砖块
30．dam
(n.)水坝
31．track
(n.)轨道；足迹；痕迹
32．electricity
(n.)电；电流；电学
33．title
(n.)标题；头衔；资格
34．headline
(n.)报刊的大字标题
35．useless
(adj.)无用的；无效的；无益的
useful
(adj.)有用的
36．frighten
(vt.)使惊吓；吓唬
frightened
(adj.)受惊的；受恐吓的
frightening
(adj.)令人恐惧的
训练题
一、完形填空
（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文　话题：网络生活　词数：296　时间：18′
During
Hurricane
San
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dy
last
year，the
garage
and
basement
of
Christine
O'Donovan's
house
in
New
York
were
flooded，and
two
cars，years
of
paperwork，and
photos
were
__1__．Still，her
husband，five
children
(aged
2
to
12)，and
an
adopted
dog
named
Buster
remained
__2__．Six
months
earlier，she'd
taken
Buster
__3__
after
finding
the
six month old
puppy(小狗仔)
left
__4__
to
a
telephone
pole.
Just
a
month
later，__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5__，as
construction
workers
repaired
the
house，Buster
dashed
through
the
open
front
gate
and
__6__．“I
was
extremely
sad，”O'Donovan
says.All
the
searches
for
him
were
__7__．Weeks
later，O'Donovan
got
a
text
from
a
friend，__8__
her
to
look
at
a
Facebook
page
that
lists
__9__
scheduled
to
be
killed
at
New
York
City
shelters
the
next
day.__10__
enough，when
O'Donovan
visited
the
website，there
was
a
picture
of
Buster，who
was
apparently
to
be
put
to
sleep
eight
__11__
later，early
the
next
morning.The
shelter
was
closed
for
the
night
and
wouldn't
__12__
again
to
the
public
until
8
a．m.“I'm
thinking，how
am
I
going
to
get
him
__13__
they
do
this？”says
O'Donovan.The
next
morning，she
drove
to
the
__14__
with
all
five
kids.She
asked
the
woman
at
the
front
desk
if
Buster
was
still
there.When
the
woman
replied
yes，“it
was
like
a
thousand
pounds
__15__
my
shoulders，”said
O'Donovan.To
__16__
her
ownership，she
told
the
assistant，“__17__
me
to
the
back
where
he
is，and
you
will
see
he's
my
dog.”When
Buster
spotted
his
__18__，he
went
wild，barking，jumping
and
licking
O'Donvan's
face.She
burst
into
__19__．The
shelter
worker
needed
nothing
__20__
and
Buster
went
home.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了主人通过网络找到遗失的宠物狗，使其免于被屠宰，体现了宠物和主人之间的真挚情感。
1．A.destroyed
B．injured
C．hurt
D．exposed
答案　A　[根据语境，在此次飓风中，tw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
cars，years
of
paperwork，and
photos被毁坏(destroyed)了。destroy指彻底的“破坏”，含有“不能或很难修复”的意思；injure指意外事故造成的损伤；hurt常指身体或精神的“伤害”，特指有疼痛的“受伤”；expose指“暴露”。]
2．A.dead
B．lucky
C．safe
D．healthy
答案　C　[由still可知，上文说到东西被毁了，而作者的丈夫、五个孩子还有宠物狗仍然安全(safe)。]
3．A.away
B．home
C．out
D．up
答案　B　[根据上文可知，她将小流浪狗带回了家(home)。]
4．A.stuck
B．fixed
C．joined
D．tied
答案　D　[根据a
te
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lephone
pole可知，小狗被拴(tie)在电话线杆上。stick意为“卡住”；fix意为“安装”；join意为“连接”；tie意为“拴；系”。]
5．A.however
B．but
C．therefore
D．nevertheless
答案　A　[根据语境可知，小狗被领回家，但是一个月后走失了，前后两句为转折关系，且空格后有逗号，故选however。]
6．A.died
down
B．showed
up
C．ran
off
D．rushed
in
答案　C　[根据．..dashed
through
the
open
front
gate...可知，小狗跑掉了(run
off)。]
7．A.in
place
B．in
vain
C．by
design
D．by
chance
答案　B　[根据extremely
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sad可知，一连串的寻找都是徒劳的(in
vain)。in
place意为“在正确的位置；准备就绪的”；by
design意为“故意地”；by
chance意为“偶然地”。]
8．A.wishing
B．preventing
C．stopping
D．telling
答案　D　[根据上下文信息的内容可知用“讲述(tell)”。]
9．A.people
B．children
C．animals
D．buster
答案　C　[根据下文中的．..to
be
killed...及下文内容可知此处表示被屠宰的动物(animal)。]
10．A.Strangely
B．Sadly
C．Well
D．Sure
答案　D　[sure
enough意为“果真，果然”，为固定搭配。]
11．A.days
B．hours
C．minutes
D．weeks
答案　B　[根据next
morning可知是8小时(hour)后。]
12．A.open
B．close
C．work
D．give
答案　A　[根据was
closed可知，直到第二天早晨八点，这个地方才能开放(open)。]
13．A.after
B．since
C．before
D．when
答案　C　[根据语境可知，作者要在小狗被屠宰之前(before)找到它。]
14．A.dog
B．shelter
C．house
D．website
答案　B　[根据上文可知此处表示收容所(shelter)。]
15．A.lifted
off
B．put
on
C．went
away
D．came
to
答案　A　[听说小狗还在那里，我
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )如释重负。lift...off意为“将……移去”；put
on意为“放在……上；穿上”；go
away意为“走掉”；come
to
sth意为“(形势)成为，变为(通常指变糟)”。]
16．A.make
B．gave
C．prove
D．produce
答案　C　[空格所在处意为：为了证明(prove)她是小狗的主人……]
17．A.Tell
B．Take
C．Help
D．Bring
答案　B　[句意：将我带到(take)小狗那里，(然后)你就知道它是我的小狗了。]
18．A.mother
B．mend
C．baby
D．owner
答案　D　[根据常识可知，小狗看到主人(owner)时才会有文中那一系列的动作。]
19．A.laughter
B．tears
C．flames
D．love
答案　B　[根据语境及常识可知此处表示突然哭起来(burst
into
tears)。]
20．A.better
B．best
C．most
D．more
答案　D　[空格所在处意为：工作人员再不需要任何别的东西(去证明她是小狗的主人了)。所以选more。]
二、阅读理解
（一）
阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Nowadays
some
stu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dents
in
middle
school
date
with
their
classmates．According
to
a
new
study
from
the
University
of
Georgia,
those
students
have
much
worse
study
skills
and
are
four
times
more
likely
to
stop
schooling．They
use
twice
as
much
alcohol
and
tobacco
than
their
single
classmates．
"Romantic
relationship
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
are
a
trademark
of
adolescence,
but
very
few
studies
have
examined
how
adolescents
differ
in
the
development
of
these
relationships,"
said
Pamela
Orpinas,
study
author
and
professor
in
the
College
of
Public
Health
and
Head
of
the
department
of
Health
Promotion
and
Behaviour．
Orpinas
foll
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owed
a
group
of
624
students
over
a
seven-year
period
from
6th
to
12th
grades．
Each
year,
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
group
of
students
completed
a
survey
indicating
whether
they
had
dated
and
reported
the
frequency
of
different
behaviours,
including
the
use
of
drugs
and
alcohol．Their
teachers
completed
questionnaires
about
the
students7
academic
efforts．
He
found
some
students
never
or
hardly
ever
reported
dating
from
middle
to
high
school,
and
these
students
had
consistently
the
best
study
skills
according
to
their
teachers．Other
students
dated
infrequently
in
middle
school
but
increased
the
frequency
of
dating
in
high
school．
"At
all
points
in
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime,
teachers
rated
the
students
who
reported
the
lowest
frequency
of
dating
as
having
the
best
study
skills
and
students
with
highest
dating
as
having
the
worst
study
skills,"
according
to
the
journal
article．Study
skills
refer
to
behaviours
that
lead
to
academic
success
such
as
doing
homework
for
extra
credit,
being
well
organized,
finishing
homework,
working
hard
and
reading
assigned
chapters．
"Dating
a
classmate
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
may
have
the
same
emotional
complications
（并发症）
of
dating
a
co-worker,"
Orpinas
said．"When
the
couple
break
up,
they
have
to
continue
to
see
each
other
in
class
and
perhaps
witness
the
ex-partner
（前伴侣）
dating
someone
else．It
is
reasonable
to
think
this
could
be
linked
to
depression
and
distract
（分散注意力）
them
from
studying．"
"Dating
should
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot
be
considered
a
ceremony
of
growth
in
middle
school,"
Orpinas
concluded．
1．We
can
learn
from
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
passage
that
students
who
date
in
middle
school
may
_____．
A．be
less
likely
to
use
alcohol
and
tobacco
B．enjoy
better
school
lives
C．be
more
likely
to
hurt
others
D．have
poorer
academic
performances
2．During
his
study,
Orpinas
_____．
A．found
study
skills
have
connection
with
their
frequency
of
dating
B．completed
questionnaires
about
the
students7
academic
efforts
C．completed
a
survey
and
a
report
each
year
D．followed
a
group
of
students
of
6th
and
12th
3．Study
skills
may
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
include
the
following
behaviors
and
qualities
except
_____．
A．being
kind
and
helpful
B．being
well
organized
C．being
diligent
D．finishing
assigned
schoolwork
4．What
can
possibly
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
happen
to
those
who
date
in
middle
school
after
they
break
up
A．They
will
think
it
reasonable
to
get
depressed．
B．They
will
miss
their
ex-partners
sometimes．
C．Their
attention
to
studying
will
be
affected．
D．They
don't
want
to
see
each
other
any
longer．
5．According
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
passage,
Orpinas
holds
a（n）
_____
attitude
towards
dating
in
middle
school．
A．indifferent
B．negative
C．positive
D．supportive
【参考答案】1—5、DAACB
（二）
阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。C
The
following
simpl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
exercise
routine
works
as
well
as
prescription
medication(药物治疗)----without
the
side
effects
A
jog
a
day
could
kee
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p
your
headaches
at
bay:
Regular
cardio
workouts(有氧锻炼)
may
prevent
migraines（偏头痛）,
a
growing
body
of
research
suggests.
Migraine
patie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts
had
fewer
headaches
after
doing
40-minute
cycling
workouts
three
times
a
week
for
three
months,
according
to
a
Swedish
study.
The
exercise
routin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
worked
just
as
well
as
one
of
the
top
migraine----preventing
drugs—
topamirate
but
without
the
side
effects
of
depression
and
tremors(刺激).
Cardio
workouts
can
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
help
with
regular
headaches,
too,
says
Alexander
Mauskop,
M.D.,
director
of
the
New
York
Headache
Center
in
Manhattan.
There
are
a
couple
of
theories
on
how
it
works.
Breaking
a
sweat
may
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
relieve
stress,
says
Dr.
Mauskop.
Headaches
are
often
triggered
by
stress,
and
if
you
remove
the
trigger,
you
release
the
pain.
The
feel-good
chemical
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
produced
when
you
exercise
actually
block
your
pain
sensors,
acting
as
a
natural
painkiller.
Since
headaches
ca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
be
caused
by
many
different
factors
like
genetics（遗传）,
lack
of
sleep,
or
certain
foods,
cardio
won’t
be
the
solution
for
everyone,
Dr.
Mauskop
says.
But
one
German
study
found
that
it
helped
65
percent
of
patients—which
makes
it
as
effective
as
the
best
medicines
on
the
market.
Dr.
Mauskop
recomme
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds
his
patients
do
a
half-hour
reasonable
intensity
(强度)cardio,
like
jogging,
biking,
or
swimming
three
times
a
week.
These
workouts
are
meant
to
be
slow
and
steady,
as
opposed
to
high-intensity
intervals
that
alternate
between
all-out
runs
and
rest.
Pushing
yourself
too
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
much
or
increasing
the
intensity
too
quickly
can
trigger
headaches
in
some
people,
so
make
sure
your
heart
rate
doesn’t
jump
above
150
BPM.
If
you
don’t
have
a
heart
rate
monitor,
then
breathe
only
through
your
nose.
You’ll
know
you’re
going
too
hard
if
you
can’t
keep
up
that
breathing
pattern.
Your
migraines
co
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld
start
disappearing
in
a
couple
of
weeks,
Dr.
Mauskop
says.
1.
According
to
the
passage,
the
author
may
agree
that_________.
A.
jogging,
swimming
and
fishing
are
cardio
workouts
B.
neither
cardio
workouts
nor
topamirate
has
side
effects
C.
migraine
patients
can
be
cured
by
regular
cardio
workouts
D.
cardio
workouts
will
be
the
solution
for
everyone
with
migraines
2.
The
underlined
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )word
“triggered”
in
Paragraph
7
can
be
replaced
by
_________.
A.
cured
B.
released
C.
caused
D.
monitored
3.
The
feel-good
ch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emicals
produced
can
help
with
regular
headaches
because____.
A.
it
eases
the
stress
B.
it
breaks
a
sweat
C.
it
prevents
migraines
D.
it
blocks
your
pain
sensors
4.
What
would
be
the
best
title
A.
A
cure
for
headache
B.
Side
effects
of
migraine
C.
The
causes
of
headache
D.
Advantages
of
cardio
workouts
参考答案1—4、CCDA
三、短文改错
(2014·浙江高考)
I
was
taking
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
train
to
London's
Victoria
Station.I
had
noticed
that
the
carriage
was
noise
and
filled
with
people.
Before
long，a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
train
inspector
comes
to
check
our
tickets.A
passenger
realized
he
couldn't
find
his
ticket
but
became
quite
upset.Then
everyone
in
the
carriage
began
searching
the
ticket，which
was
eventually
found
under
a
seat
several
rows
from
his
owner.The
person
who
found
a
ticket
smiled
with
pleasure
at
his
success.
No
one
in
the
carriag
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
had
previous
spoken
to
or
even
noticed
the
ticket－owner
before.Yet
they
had
so
quickly
offered
the
strangers
their
help.If
we
could
show
concern
to
others
on
need，the
world
would
be
a
better
place
to
live
in.
1．解析　考查时态一致。文章主体时态为一般过去时。
答案　去掉had
2．解析　考查词性。be动词后应用形容词，noise为名词。
答案　noise→noisy
3．解析　考查时态，before
long后用一般过去时。
答案　comes→came
4．解析　考查句子关系。一位乘客意识到他的票不见了，他开始不安起来。应为承接关系，而非转折关系。
答案　but→and
5．解析　考查固定搭配。search
for＝look
for寻找。
答案　searching后加for
6．解析　考查代词指代。此处是票的主人用its或主人the
owner。
答案　his→its/the
7．解析　考查冠词。上文提到过用the表特指。
答案　a→the
8．解析　考查形容词、副词用法。修饰动词的应为副词，previous是形容词。
答案　previous→previously
9．解析　考查前后一致。从上文看，丢票的是一个人，故应用单数。
答案　strangers→stranger
10．on→in