湖南省湘潭市2026届高二上学期第一次摸底英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 湖南省湘潭市2026届高二上学期第一次摸底英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-08-29 16:49:09 | ||
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湖南省湘潭市2026届高二上学期第一次摸底英语试卷
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题，共6分）
[6分]The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they were in. They were hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Xizang. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection: Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
1．（2分）What’s the purpose of the author’s visit to the Xizang
A．He wants to go on a hike.
B．He wants to observe Tibetan antelopes.
C．He wants to see beautiful scenery in that place.
D．He wants to climb mountains that soar into the clouds.
2．（2分）Which of the following places is NOT the habitat of the Tibetan antelope
A．The plains of Xizang. B．The plains of Qinghai.
C．The plains of Xinjiang. D．The mountainous area of Xizang.
3．（2分）What can be inferred from the last but one paragraph
A．The threats to the Tibetan antelope still exist.
B．The government has stopped protecting antelopes.
C．The Tibetan antelope species is still endangered.
D．The Tibetan antelope has been moved out of the reserve.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题，共16分）
[8分]When thinking of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) doctors, one might picture an elderly man with a long beard sitting in front of a medicine chest. However, He Suye, a young and talented physician in the latest medical-romance drama The Best Thing, challenges that traditional image. Played by the 27-year-old actor Zhang Linghe, Mr. He is a professional TCM specialist with a gentle personality, but outside of work. he enjoys hobbies like skateboarding and malatang, a type of hotpot, reshaping common views of TCM doctors.
The Best Thing follows Shen Xifan, a hotel manager suffering from frequent headaches and trouble sleeping. In her search for a cure, she meets Mr. He, and their relationship deepens through medical consultations. To play a genuine TCM practitioner, Zhang studied Chinese medicine with practicing physicians, learning traditional diagnostic(诊断的) and treatment methods. This process helped him gain a deeper appreciation for TCM’s integrated philosophy, which emphasizes the interconnectedness of the body, mind, and environment, viewing health as a balance between these elements.
The drama creatively integrates TCM knowledge by naming each episode after a type of Chinese herbal medicine, connecting TCM’s healing methods to the storyline. For example, in one episode, Mr. He performs “wet cupping” to treat a breathing emergency, showcasing TCM’s role in critical care.
The drama particularly appeals to younger viewers. With the growing integration of TCM and Western medicine, as well as expanding international exchanges, TCM practitioners and students now have more diverse career opportunities. For instance, acupuncture(针灸) is now covered in health insurance plans in many countries. Zhang Linghe believes that passion is the driving force behind a successful career — just like his character, He, who remains committed to his path in TCM despite numerous challenges, including initial opposition from his father. Zhang hopes to introduce TCM to a global audience, especially younger generations, through the drama’s release on international platforms.
4．（2分）What do we know about He Suye
A．He challenges the principles of TCM.
B．He is an actor starring in The Best Thing.
C．He presents a modern image of a TCM doctor.
D．He has the same hobbies as other TCM doctors.
5．（2分）Why did Zhang Linghe learn TCM techniques
A．To prepare for the role.
B．To treat his own illnesses.
C．To become a practicing physician.
D．To appreciate TCM’s philosophy.
6．（2分）What is the author’s purpose in mentioning acupuncture
A．To explain the diverse changes in future careers.
B．To demonstrate TCM’s international recognition.
C．To show the drama’s popularity among younger viewers.
D．To emphasize TCM’s advantages over Western medicine.
7．（2分）What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Traditional Approach to TCM
B．A New Vision for TCM’s Future
C．Exploring the Ancient Roots of TCM
D．Redefining TCM for a Global Audience
[8分]Are you chillaxed enough Recently, having a sense of ease seems to have become one of the most important qualities that a person should have to be seen as successful and attractive.
The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family’s luggage (行李) was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being “chillaxed”, meaning staying calm in the face of barriers. With the word gaining more attention, an increasing number of people have shared their chillaxed lives online.
In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to “psychological resilience”, which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations. particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining.
In both work and study, many people get anxious or even collapse when faced with short-term bottlenecks. Therefore, they hurriedly seek immediate changes, which in most cases prevents them from achieving the desired result. Rather than going after immediate outcomes, it’s more significant to maintain steady, gradual progress and adopt a long-term mindset.
Interestingly, as the Internet becomes filled with hashtags (标签) like “only those who are chillaxed are attractive”, many people are beginning to feel anxious because they don’t fit that description. Still, it’s important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there’s nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you’re definitely someone who’s appealing and respectable no matter whether you’re chillaxed or not.
8．（2分）Why is the family’s experience mentioned in the passage
A．To introduce the origin of the word “chillaxed”.
B．To show the family’s ability to stay chillaxed.
C．To highlight the importance of being chillaxed.
D．To argue against the rejection of luggage shipment.
9．（2分）What’s highlighted in psychological resilience
A．Quick forgetting of challenges.
B．Dependence on external factors.
C．Flexibility and steady progress.
D．Seeking quick fixes to problems.
10．（2分）What’s the author’s attitude towards being chillaxed
A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Dismissive. D．Unclear.
11．（2分）Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．A Chillaxed Attitude: Shortcut Towards Success.
B．Remaining Chillaxed Helps to Settle Conflicts.
C．Why Being Chillaxed Does Not Guarantee Happiness.
D．Being Chillaxed: The Art of Psychological Strength.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题，共10分）
[10分]Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it. Maybe you think you can’t end an unhappy marriage because of the emotional impact on your loved ones, or that you can’t leave a disappointing career because of the financial cost. On a more ordinary level, you might feel that you can’t spend half an hour working on a creative project because there are too many emails to answer or too many household chores to complete. These are valid concerns, but the truth is, it’s almost never literally the case that you have to meet a deadline, answer an email, or fulfill a family obligation (义务、责任). As Sheldon B．Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences.
Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path. Spending a week in Rome means not spending that same week in Paris. Avoiding a conflict in the short-term means letting a bad situation worsen. As economist Thomas Sowell said, “There are no solutions, only trade-offs.” Relaxing in a messy home, as Laura Vanderkam suggests, might mean tolerating some discomfort about untidied toys, but it’s rarely worth worrying out. Most consequences we face aren’t really worth the stress.
However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs.
Most of us tend to exaggerate potential consequences to avoid bold choices. Philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre observed that there’s a comfort in believing you have no options because it’s easier to feel trapped than to face the responsibilities of freedom. Once you begin to approach life as a matter of trade-offs, it becomes easier to say no to things you might not previously have dared to turn down.
Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept. True freedom lies not in escaping responsibilities but in deciding which responsibilities to take on.
12．（2分）Why does the author argue that people often feel unable to make certain life choices
A．They are forced by external factors to avoid making decisions.
B．They think others will solve their problems for them.
C．They believe circumstances leave them with no options.
D．They prioritize long-term consequences over immediate actions.
13．（2分）Why does the author believe that “trade-offs” are unavoidable in life, according to the second paragraph
A．Because every choice comes with a cost. B．Because people are afraid of short-term conflicts.
C．Because making choices complicates life. D．Because people need to follow social rules.
14．（2分）What does the underlined phrase “wriggling free of the costs of your choice” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean
A．Refusing to make trade-offs or sacrifices.
B．Gaining freedom without facing limitations.
C．Making decisions without considering their consequences.
D．Escaping the responsibilities associated with making a choice.
15．（2分）What is the author’s perspective on freedom as mentioned in the passage
A．Freedom comes from refusing to take any risks.
B．True freedom is being free from obligations and responsibilities.
C．Freedom is achievable when others understand your decisions.
D．Freedom means examining trade-offs and making choices despite limitations.
16．（2分）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Freedom means avoiding potential consequences.
B．Every choice involves trade-offs and consequences.
C．People shouldn’t prioritize personal freedom over obligations.
D．Life is full of unavoidable limitations that prevent true freedom.
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题，共40分）
[40分]In Mid-2012. I was trying to read a book related to psychology, and was failing. I had passed my level-3 qualification and was trying to go further than the qualification 17 .
I explained this to my cousin, who mentioned the 18 benefits of attending university. I 19 the idea without a second thought. But he was already 20 that I could make it. Two weeks later, I was 21 to the University of Bolton, with accommodation paid for. All was 22 by this 19-year-old who had faith in me.
Our lecturer, Dr. Colin, told the class to read research papers, scientific 23 and some literature. So I looked for some books in the library the next day. 24 , I didn’t know much about literature. But I managed to find a short story by Lawrence. The book 25 important to me, and short enough not to pose any 26 in understanding. I started reading.
I have no words to 27 what happened to me while turning the 28 . But from then on, I read every day, 29 a notebook to write down interesting words and their meanings. Meanwhile, I 30 my room with the faces and 31 of my favourite authors. I taught myself as many passages and poems as my mind could 32 . Each book was like uncovering the 33 of the world around me.
I tried to change my degree course, but that meant a(n) 34 year on my own expense. So I gave up and 35 found a friend who would take me to her literature 36 at the University of Manchester. When it was time to graduate, I did so with a book in my hand.
17．（2分）A．required B．adopted C．evaluated D．allowed
18．（2分）A．exceptional B．previous C．artificial D．potential
19．（2分）A．offered B．expanded C．declined D．remembered
20．（2分）A．astonished B．persuaded C．taught D．convinced
21．（2分）A．committed B．admitted C．challenged D．promoted
22．（2分）A．arranged B．restored C．announced D．questioned
23．（2分）A．background B．observation C．journals D．statements
24．（2分）A．Interestingly B．Honestly C．Essentially D．Consequently
25．（2分）A．assessed B．proved C．watched D．felt
26．（2分）A．difficulty B．negotiation C．awkwardness D．delay
27．（2分）A．investigate B．analyze C．describe D．translate
28．（2分）A．projects B．illustrations C．categories D．pages
29．（2分）A．shifted B．kept C．decorated D．planted
30．（2分）A．painted B．provided C．covered D．compromised
31．（2分）A．quotes B．reviews C．acknowledgement D．recognition
32．（2分）A．develop B．rank C．release D．stand
33．（2分）A．changes B．details C．applications D．advertisements
34．（2分）A．extra B．abundant C．formal D．fruitful
35．（2分）A．therefore B．gradually C．instead D．nevertheless
36．（2分）A．discounts B．lectures C．contacts D．options
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题，共10分）
[10分]What do you think about “regifting” — giving someone else a gift that you received before Is it dishonest to pretend that you bought the gift for the person you’re giving it to 37（2分） Frankly speaking, regifting is something many of us have felt uncertain or hesitant about. Chances are that we get a gift that, however well-intentioned, just doesn’t match our needs or our lives and thus will go unused. So rather than have it add to household clutter or get thrown out, why not regift
38（2分） Gift-giving happens within a web of relationships, and there are feelings to be considered (“Where’s that purple scarf I knitted you last Christmas ”). Seriously uncomfortable social situations ought to be avoided (“Why is there a greeting card from someone else for you inside this gift box ”). There are times when integrity might require us to inform the original giver of our intention to regift, even if the conversation might be awkward. 39（2分） We also hope it shouldn’t be something they’ll just regift again and again.
But if you think about it, the three gifts the Magi brought to Jesus in Matthew 2 weren’t all that practical. If I got those three gifts, I’d probably keep the gold. 40（2分）
Keeping these considerations in mind, I say, “Re-gift away!” 41（2分） In her book Braiding Sweetgrass, Robin Wall Kimmerer points out that in Indigenous and Native American cultures, the attitude toward giving is different: “Whatever we have been given is supposed to be given away again.”
A．There are, of course, considerations.
B．However, I’d probably regift the other two.
C．To some extent, our unwillingness to regift is a cultural attitude.
D．Sometimes, regifting can be seen as a smart way to save money.
E．Regifting is a common practice in many cultures around the world.
F．Is it also ungrateful to the person who gave it to you in the first place
G．And we hope that the person getting the regift actually needs and likes it.
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题，共8分）
[8分]阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
The Value of Failure in Success
In our pursuit of success, failure often seems like an unwelcome guest. We usually view failure as something negative, something to be avoided at all costs. However, failure is an inevitable (unavoidable) part of life, and it actually holds great value in our journey towards success.
Failure serves as a powerful teacher. When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset (有利条件) (property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.
Failure also builds resilience (toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.
Moreover, failure can change our perspective (观点). It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter.
In conclusion, failure is not the end but a crucial part of the path to success. It teaches us, builds our resilience, and shapes our perspective. We should embrace failure, learn from it, and use it as a springboard to achieve greater things.
42．（2分）Why is self-reflection after failure important
43．（2分）How does failure contribute to building resilience
44．（2分）Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and more overconfident, helping us appreciate success more.
45．（2分）Though failure can be helpful, what can we do to avoid failure as much as possible (In about 40 words.)
七、单句（本大题共1小题，共2分）
46．[2分]from his expression，the his brother made on the issue made him dissatisfied.(judge)
八、语篇（本大题共1小题，共20分）
[20分]阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese peonies (牡丹) are not just beautiful flowers; they also hold deep symbolic meaning in Chinese culture.
Often 47（2分） (refer) to as the King of Flowers, the peony is one of the most culturally significant flowers in China, with a history dating back over 2,000 years. It is believed 48（2分） (represent) wealth, prosperity (繁荣), and honor.
One of the reasons for the peony’s cultural significance is its historical 49（2分） (associate) with the imperial family. During the Tang Dynasty, the peony 50（2分） (consider) the official flower of the imperial court and only the imperial family and high-ranking 51（2分） (official) could plant and enjoy these delicate flowers.
In addition, the peony was deeply rooted in Chinese mythology. According to Chinese legend, the peony is associated with a beautiful goddess named Xi Wangmu, 52（2分） planted peonies in her garden to symbolize her immortality (永生). Thus, the peony is often associated with longevity and the 53（2分） (pursue) of immortality.
Also, the peony holds 54（2分） special place in Chinese weddings. It is greatly admired 55（2分） a symbol of love and happiness and is often used in wedding ceremonies and decorations.
In conclusion, the cultural significance of Chinese peonies cannot be underestimated. Over centuries, their rich history, deep symbolism, and aesthetic beauty 56（2分） (make) them one of the most treasured flowers in China.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题，共18分）
57．[18分]你校英文报将以四月二十三日世界读书日为主题，向在校学生征文。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 读书的重要性；
2. 自己喜爱的书籍类型及原因。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十、概要写作（本大题共1小题，共20分）
58．[20分]Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How to improve clinical trials？
Last year, a Swiss medicine company published a review of the clinical trials on drugs it had held between 2016 and 2021. It found that black people were under-represented in all but one. Surprisingly, that news represents progress, because it shows that people are becoming more aware of a dangerous bias (偏见) that sets back the safety of medical treatments.
Many trials leave out certain groups — children, for example, or people with physical or learning disabilities, pregnant women and the elderly. There are good explanations for the exclusion, such as the difficulty of getting informed permission or the potential harm to unborn children. Yet the consequences can be serious. A recent review found that half of trials around the world testing hip-fracture (髋骨骨折) interventions excluded people who lived in nursing homes, were old or had some sort of understanding problems. Though these groups make up almost a third of all patients suffering hip fractures, it is unclear if the interventions will work as safely or as effectively on them. Their doctors face a tough choice: tell their patients to take the medicine anyway, with uncertain results; or deny them new treatments.
Obtaining informed permission for trials is not always easy, especially from people with learning disabilities. Accounting for different groups’ risks of side-effects can complicate the analysis of the data. Even so, broadening the range of trials’ participants can be practically useful, because it might lead to important new findings in medicine.
Fortunately, the bias of clinical testing may be changing. The US government has recently proposed to reduce barriers and appeal to a wider range of participants by reducing the costs and commitments required for patients to participate. Countries like America and Britain are discussing publishing regulations that require trial organisers to explain whom they ought to include and how they plan to include them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】哲理感悟、细节理解、观点态度、记叙文
【答案】
1．B
2．D
3．A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录了去西藏观察藏羚羊的经历，并且在与导游扎西的沟通中了解到保护藏羚羊，保护自然的重要性。由此感悟：人类应与自然和谐共生。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.(在我们面前的平原上，我们只能看到一群优雅的动物。这就是为什么我们在这里观察藏羚羊。)”可知，作者去西藏的目的是观察姿态优美的动物——藏羚羊。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai.(藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。)”可知，西藏的山区不是藏羚羊的栖息地。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.(这些措施是有效的。羚羊种群已经恢复，2015年6月，藏羚羊被从濒危物种名单中删除。然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为对藏羚羊的威胁尚未消失。)”可知，对藏羚羊的威胁仍然存在。故选A。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】文化、文章标题、目的意图、细节理解、说明文
【答案】
4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电视剧《最好的相遇》通过年轻中医形象，向全球推广现代中医文化。
【详解】
4．细节理解题。根据第一段的“However, He Suye, a young and talented physician in the latest medical-romance drama The Best Thing, challenges that traditional image. Played by the 27-year-old actor Zhang Linghe, Mr. He is a professional TCM specialist with a gentle personality, but outside of work. he enjoys hobbies like skateboarding and malatang, a type of hotpot, reshaping common views of TCM doctors.[然而，在最新的医疗爱情剧《最好的相遇》中，年轻而有才华的医生何素野挑战了传统形象。何先生由27岁的演员张令河饰演，是一名性格温和的专业中医，但在工作之外。他喜欢滑板和麻辣烫（一种火锅），这改变了人们对中医的普遍看法。]”可知，何素野打破传统中医刻板印象，展现现代形象。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段的“To play a genuine TCM practitioner, Zhang studied Chinese medicine with practicing physicians, learning traditional diagnostic(诊断的) and treatment methods.(为了扮演一个真正的中医从业者，张跟随执业医师学习中医，学习传统的诊断和治疗方法。)”可知，张学习中医技术是为了扮演一名真正的中医，即为这个角色做准备。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段的“With the growing integration of TCM and Western medicine, as well as expanding international exchanges, TCM practitioners and students now have more diverse career opportunities. For instance, acupuncture(针灸) is now covered in health insurance plans in many countries.(随着中西医结合的日益深入，以及国际交流的不断扩大，中医从业者和学生现在有了更多样化的职业机会。例如，在许多国家，针灸现在被纳入健康保险计划。)”可推知，作者提及针灸被多国医保覆盖，说明中医在国际上得到认可，即展示中医药的国际认可度。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“However, He Suye, a young and talented physician in the latest medical-romance drama The Best Thing, challenges that traditional image. Played by the 27-year-old actor Zhang Linghe, Mr. He is a professional TCM specialist with a gentle personality, but outside of work. he enjoys hobbies like skateboarding and malatang, a type of hotpot, reshaping common views of TCM doctors.[然而，在最新的医疗爱情剧《最好的相遇》中，年轻而有才华的医生何素野挑战了传统形象。何先生由27岁的演员张令河饰演，是一名性格温和的专业中医，但在工作之外。他喜欢滑板和麻辣烫（一种火锅），这改变了人们对中医的普遍看法。]”可知，本文主要介绍了电视剧《最好的相遇》，这部电视剧通过年轻中医形象，向全球推广现代中医文化，即年轻中医形象为全球受众重新定义中医，并向全球推广。由此可知，D选项“Redefining TCM for a Global Audience(为全球观众重新定义中医)”最适合作本文标题。故选D。
【知识点】哲理感悟、情节发展、文章标题、细节理解、观点态度、议论文
【答案】
8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了chillaxed（放松的）态度的重要性及其意义，同时指出保持这种态度虽有益但并非成功唯一途径。
【详解】
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family’s luggage was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being ‘chillaxed’, meaning staying calm in the face of barriers. (这次讨论是由先前的一件事引起的。一个家庭的行李被拒绝装运，但他们继续旅行，就像什么也没发生过一样。一个女孩目睹了他们在困境中的冷静态度，并在网上分享了这个故事。她形容他们的态度是“放松的”，意思是在面对障碍时保持冷静。)”可知，先提到一个家庭行李被拒运但仍若无其事继续旅行这一事件，然后一个女孩见证了他们的态度并在网上分享故事，用“chillaxed”来描述他们，从而引出了“chillaxed”这个词的来源。所以提到这个家庭的经历是为了介绍“chillaxed”这个词的起源。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to ‘psychological resilience’, which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations. particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining. (在心理学中，保持轻松感类似于“心理弹性”，指的是有效调整和适应艰难情况的能力。尤其是在精神上、情感上和行为上对压力都很灵活。它强调的是成功的动力，朝着目标稳步前进，并准备好接受任何结果而不抱怨。)”可知，psychological resilience是在心理、情感和行为上对压力具有灵活性，并且强调对成功的追求，稳步朝着目标前进。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still, it’s important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there’s nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you’re definitely someone who’s appealing and respectable no matter whether you’re chillaxed or not. (不过，需要注意的是，虽然放松状态可能是有利的，但不放松也没有错。的确，许多人通过挑战自己的极限来实现他们的目标，尽管有时会因为压力而感到沮丧。但只要你在为你的理想生活而奋斗，无论你是否放松，你都绝对是一个有吸引力和受人尊敬的人。)”可知，作者认为只要为理想生活奋斗，无论是否“chillaxed”都值得尊敬。作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“Still, it’s important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there’s nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. (不过，需要注意的是，虽然放松状态可能是有利的，但不放松也没有错。)”可知，文章先由一个事件引出“chillaxed”这个词，接着解释其在心理学上类似于“psychological resilience”，并阐述了“psychological resilience”的内涵，强调了在面对困难时保持冷静、灵活和稳步前进的重要性，最后表明作者对“chillaxed”的客观态度。所以选项D“保持冷静：心理力量的艺术”能很好地概括文章内容，既提到了“chillaxed”，又体现了其与心理力量的关系。故选D。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】哲理感悟、细节理解、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．D 15．D 16．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人生中的选择和后果。它指出，尽管我们常常因为担心后果而犹豫不决，但实际上每个选择都伴随着权衡。我们不能逃避选择带来的后果，但我们可以决定我们愿意承担哪些后果。文章引用了多位思想家的观点，强调了自由不是逃避责任，而是在于选择我们愿意承担的责任。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it.(每个人都知道因为环境不允许而无法做出某种生活选择的感觉)”可知，作者认为人们常常感到无法做出某些生活选择是因为他们相信环境让他们别无选择，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path.(结果是不可选择的。每个选择都伴随着某种权衡，因为在任何时刻，你只能选择一条路径)”可知，作者认为生活中的“权衡”是不可避免的，因为在任何时刻，你只能选择一条路径，必须付出代价。故选A。
14．词句猜测题。根据第三段“However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs.(然而，你不能逃避你选择的成本——这永远不是一个选择。它意味着意识到没有什么能阻止你做任何事情，只要你愿意付出代价。例如，辞职可能会导致财务不稳定，忽略电子邮件可能会激怒同事。即使这些不愉快的现实也不能改变选择是权衡取舍的事实)”可知，辞职可能会导致财务不稳定，忽略电子邮件可能会激怒同事，说明无法逃避选择所带来的责任。故划线词意思是“逃避与做出选择相关的责任”。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept.(最终，自由不是要避免限制，而是要拥抱限制。这意味着要权衡取舍——因为总会有取舍——然后选择你愿意接受的那个)”可知，作者对自由的看法是自由意味着尽管有限制也要权衡利弊并做出选择，故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As Sheldon B. Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences.(正如Sheldon B. Kopp所指出的，你可以自由地做任何你喜欢的事情——你只需要面对后果)”以及第二段“Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path.(结果是不可选择的。每个选择都伴随着某种权衡，因为在任何时刻，您只能选择一条路径)”结合本文探讨了人生中的选择和后果。我们常常因为担心后果而犹豫不决，但实际上每个选择都伴随着权衡。我们不能逃避选择带来的后果，但我们可以决定我们愿意承担哪些后果，强调了自由不是逃避责任，而是在于选择我们愿意承担的责任。通过接受生活中的权衡，我们可以更自由地做出选择，即使这些选择可能带来一些不愉快的后果。因此可知，这篇文章的主旨是每个选择都涉及权衡和后果。故选B。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、故事、文学、记叙文
【答案】
17．A
18．D
19．C
20．D
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．D
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．C
31．A
32．D
33．B
34．A
35．C
36．B
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。作者阅读专业书籍的时候遇到困难，在表弟的建议和帮助下去了波尔顿大学学习，在此期间，作者在读到一本短篇小说后爱上了阅读，之后他热衷于阅读各类书籍，不断地丰富自己的知识储备，最后以优秀的成绩毕业；
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经通过了三级资格考试，正在努力超越所需要的资格。A. required要求、需要；B. adopted采纳；C. evaluated估值；D. allowed允许；根据本句提到的“go further”（更进一步）可知，表示作者希望自己能够拥有比获取专业资格证书所需要的更丰富的知识。故选A；
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向我的堂弟解释了这一点，他提到了上大学的潜在好处。A.exceptional例外的、杰出的；B.previous先前的；C.artificial人造的、人工的；D. potential潜在的；根据上一句说作者希望自己能够拥有比获取专业资格证书所需要的更丰富的知识，这是作者的打算，即：读大学的好处是未来的、可能的，即当下看不见的，这里表示作者的表弟向作者提到读大学的各种潜在的好处，该选项是最符合语境逻辑的，故选D；
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不假思索地拒绝了这个想法。A. offered主动提供；B. expanded扩展；C. declined拒绝；D. remembered记得；根据第4空 “But he was already that I could make it. ”（但他已经确信我能成功做到）的语义转折可知，虽然我一下拒绝，但是他认为我能成功，符合语义逻辑，故选C；
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他已经确信我能成功做到。 A. astonished使震惊；B. persuaded说服 ；C. taught教；D. convince使信服；从语境的转折关系和第6空中的“All was by this 19-year-old who had faith in me.”（这一切都是由这个对我有信心的19岁男孩安排的）可知，作者的表弟却深信作者应该去读大学，故选D；
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，我被博尔顿大学录取，并支付了住宿费。A. committed承诺、保证；B. admitted承认、录取；C. challenged挑战；D. promoted促进、升职；根据“Our lecturer, Dr. Colin, told the class to read research papers, scientific and some literature”（我们的讲师科林博士告诉全班同学阅读研究论文、科学期刊和一些文献）可知，作者被大学录取了，be admitted to表示“允许进入，录用，录取”。故选B；
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都是由这个对我有信心的19岁男孩安排的。A. arranged安排；B. restored修复；C. announced宣布；D. questioned质疑；此处表示作者被大学录取了。一切入学事宜包括住宿费作者的表弟都已经安排好了，故选A；
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的讲师科林博士告诉全班同学阅读研究论文、科学期刊和一些文献。A. background背景；B. observation观察、庆祝；C. journals学术期刊；D. statement陈述；这里表示教授建议他的学生去阅读科研论文、科研期刊和文学作品，从四个选项的含义判断，C项最符合科研所需材料类别，故选C；
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我对文学了解不多。A. Interestingly有兴趣地；B. Honestly诚实地；C. Essentially至关重要地；D. Consequently结果；根据本句内容“ I didn’t know much about literature”“我对文学了解不多”，这里作者承认自己文学了解不足，坦诚地说出自己当时的实际阅读能力。故选B；
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书对我来说很重要，而且足够短，不会给理解带来任何困难。A. assessed评估；B. proved证明；C. watched观看；D. felt感觉；根据第8题内容“ I didn’t know much about literature”（我对文学了解不多），作者不太了解文学作品，所以作者的判断主要凭感觉，用feel表示“使人感觉……”。故选D；
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书对我来说很重要，而且足够短，不会给理解带来任何困难。A. difficulty困难；B. negotiation沟通、协商；C. awkwardness笨拙；D. delay耽误；根据第8题提到的作者对文学作品了解不多以及本句提到的“short enough”“书足够薄”，不会给阅读带来太大的困难，符合一般认知，用difficulty表示“困难”。故选A；
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言描述翻页时发生在我身上的事情。A. investigate调查；B. analyze分析；C. describe描述；D. translate翻译；根据“words”（语言）可知，语言的功能主要是用来描述的，表示作者在读书过程中的快乐是难以用任何言语来描述的，因此选C表示“描述”。故选C；
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言描述翻页时发生在我身上的事情。A. projects项目；B. illustrations插图、说明；C. categories种类；D. pages页；本句turn表示“翻转”，page表示“页面、书页”，恰好表示作者在阅读的过程中翻动书页的动作，故选D；
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但从那时起，我每天都读书，记下有趣的单词及其含义。A. shifted转换；B. kept保持、携带；C. decorated装饰；D. planted种植；根据notebook“笔记本”可知，这里表示作者在阅读的过程中还随身携带一本用于摘抄的笔记本，因此用keep表示“持有、携带”。故选B；
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我在房间里摆满了我最喜欢的作家的面孔和名言。A. painted绘画；B. provided提供；C. covered覆盖、涉及；D. compromised；妥协。短语cover sth with sth“用……覆盖……”，这里表示作者的房间里到处都贴着作者喜欢的作者的图片，与前面随时用笔记本记录呼应。故选C；
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我在房间里摆满了我最喜欢的作家的面孔和名言。A. quotes引用、语录；B. reviews复习、评论；C. acknowledgement承认；D. recognition识别、意识；根据“my room with the faces and ”可知，这里表示作者把阅读中遇到的名人名言摘抄下来贴在墙上，作者的话通常可称之为“语录”，用quotes表示“语录，引言”。故选A；
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自学了尽可能多的段落和诗歌。A. develop发展；B. rank评级；C. release释放、发行；D. stand忍受；根据as many as可知，此处表示最大限度，即作者在自己的大脑能够承受的范围内自学了尽可能多的文章和诗歌，这里用动词stand表示“承受”。故选D；
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一本书都像是揭开了我周围世界的细节。A. changes改变；B. details细节；C. applications申请；D. advertisements广告；根据前句“I taught myself as many passages and poems as my mind could”（我自学了尽可能多的段落和诗歌），读得越多了解越多，表示每本书都向作者展示了周边世界的各种细节，用details表示“细节”。故选B；
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试图改变我的学位课程，但这意味着我要多花一年的费用。A. extra额外的；B. abundant充裕的；C. formal正式的；D. fruitful富有成果的；根据“change my course”（改变学位）可知，改变正常课程往往会意味着额外的付出，此处表示作者必须要自费多读一年，这里用extra表示“额外的”。故选A；
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我放弃了，而是找到了一个朋友，她会带我去曼彻斯特大学听她的文学讲座。A. therefore因此；B. gradually逐渐 ；C. instead反而；D. nevertheless然而；根据第18题和本句句意可知，作者放弃了改变课程的想法，而是选择去蹭课。这里用副词instead表示替代前者的方案，选择了现在的方案。故选C；
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我放弃了，而是找到了一个朋友，她会带我去曼彻斯特大学听她的文学讲座。A. discounts折扣；B. lectures讲座；C. contacts联系；D. options选择；根据19题可知，作者没有改变自己原先的课程，而是选择请他的朋友带他去蹭课，用lectures表示“课程”。故选B。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】文化、议论文
【答案】37．F 38．A 39．G 40．B 41．C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了转送礼物的合理性、需要考虑的因素及文化态度，并鼓励在合适时转送礼物 。
【详解】37．上文“What do you think about ‘regifting’ — giving someone else a gift that you received before Is it dishonest to pretend that you bought the gift for the person you’re giving it to (你怎么看待“转送礼物”——把之前收到的礼物送给别人？假装你买的礼物是要送给对方，这是不诚实的吗)”说明提出关于转送礼物的两个问题，空处和前文为顺接关系，应继续围绕转送礼物提出相关问题。所以F项“对一开始就把礼物送给你的人来说，这也是不知感恩的吗？”符合语境。F选项中的also与上文中的两个问题相呼应，进一步提出关于转送礼物是否不知感恩的问题。故选F。
38．上文“So rather than have it add to household clutter or get thrown out, why not regift (所以与其让它增加家里的杂乱或被扔掉，为什么不转送呢？)”说明提出与其让不合适的礼物闲置或丢弃，不如转送。下文“Gift-giving happens within a web of relationships, and there are feelings to be considered (“Where’s that purple scarf I knitted you last Christmas ”).(送礼发生在错综复杂的人际关系网络之中，而且有些情感因素也需要考虑在内（比如：“我去年圣诞节给你织的那条紫色围巾去哪儿了？” ）)”阐述转赠时需要考虑的人际关系和情感因素，如避免尴尬场景、告知原赠礼人等。空处和前文为顺接关系，并引出下文的内容。所以A项“当然，也有一些需要考虑的因素。”符合语境。A选项中的“considerations”与下文提到的各种需要考虑的情况相呼应，明确指出转赠存在需要考虑的因素，与后文的具体考量形成总分关系，衔接自然。故选A。
39．上文“There are times when integrity might require us to inform the original giver of our intention to regift, even if the conversation might be awkward.(有时候，为了保持正直，我们可能需要告诉最初送礼物的人我们打算转送，即使对话可能会很尴尬)”说明在转送礼物时，有时需要告知最初的送礼者。下文“We also hope it shouldn’t be something they’ll just regift again and again.(我们也希望这不会是一件他们会一再转送出去的东西)”中的“also hope”表明这是另一个希望达成的条件。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明我们希望收到转送礼物的人真正需要并且喜欢它。所以G项“我们希望收到转送礼物的人真正需要并且喜欢它。”符合语境。该选项以“And we hope”开头，与后文的“also hope”形成并列结构，共同说明转赠时对接受者的期望，即希望对方需要且喜欢礼物。故选G。
40．上文“But if you think about it, the three gifts the Magi brought to Jesus in Matthew 2 weren’t all that practical. If I got those three gifts, I’d probably keep the gold.(但如果你仔细想想，马太福音2中东方三博士带给耶稣的三件礼物并不都那么实用。如果我收到那三件礼物，我可能会留下金子)”说明通过对比东方三博士带给耶稣的三件礼物，作者表示自己可能会留下金子。空处和前文为转折关系，说明而其他两件礼物可能会被转送。所以B项“不过，我可能会转送其他两件。”符合语境。B选项中的“However”与上文形成转折，表明作者对其他两件礼物的处理方式与金子不同。故选B。
41．下文“In her book Braiding Sweetgrass, Robin Wall Kimmerer points out that in Indigenous and Native American cultures, the attitude toward giving is different: “Whatever we have been given is supposed to be given away again.”(在她的书《编织甜草》中，Robin Wall Kimmerer指出，在原住民和美洲原住民文化中，对给予的态度是不同的：“无论我们得到什么，都应该再次给予。”)”说明通过引用Robin Wall Kimmerer在书中的观点，说明在原住民和美洲原住民文化中，对给予的态度与我们的文化不同。空处和后文为总分关系，说明我们不愿意转送礼物在一定程度上是一种文化态度。所以C项“在某种程度上，我们不愿意转送礼物是一种文化态度。”符合语境。C选项中的“cultural attitude”与下文提到的原住民和美洲原住民文化中的给予态度相呼应。故选C。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】文化、议论文
【答案】42．Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. 43．Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges. 42 Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and more overconfident, helping us appreciate success more. According to the passage ,Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more. 44．To avoid failure ,we can set clear goals to track progress, and learn from past experiences to prevent repeating mistakes. Additionally, keeping improving our abilities can also handle challenges effectively .These steps help build confidence, reduce setbacks and grow steady to success.
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了失败在成功过程中的价值。文章指出，失败是生活中不可避免的一部分，但它对成功之路具有重要意义。因此，我们应该拥抱失败，从中学习，并将其作为实现更大成就的跳板。
【详解】
42．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset, guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.”(通过这种自我反思，我们可以发现自己的弱点，并从错误中学习。这种新发现的知识成为了一种宝贵的财富，引导我们在未来做出更好的决定并采取更有效的行动。)”可知，失败后的自我反思很重要，因为它使我们能够识别自己的弱点，并从错误中学习，这有助于我们在未来做出更好的决定并采取更有效的行动。故答案为Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.
43．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Failure also builds resilience. Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger.(失败也能培养韧性。每次我们面对失败并设法重新站起来时，我们都会变得更强大。) ”以及“Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.(同样，当我们在生活中遇到失败时，无论是在体育、学术还是个人关系中，从失败中恢复过来都会给我们应对未来挑战的精神韧性。)”可知，失败通过让我们在每次面对并克服它时变得更强大，以及给予我们应对未来挑战的精神韧性，有助于培养韧性。故答案为Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges.
44．考查细节理解。首先，根据文章第四段“Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident.(而且，失败能够改变我们的视角。它让我们变得更加谦逊，不那么自信过头。)”可知，失败让我们更加谦逊，而不是自信过头，所以题干中的“and more overconfident”是错误的，应该划线。根据倒数第二段中“When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter.(当我们经历失败时，我们意识到我们不是不可战胜的，总是有改进的空间。这种新的观点使我们能够以一种更加开放和现实的态度来处理任务。它还能帮助我们更加珍惜成功。经历了失败的艰辛之后，成功的滋味变得更加甜美。)”可知，失败通过让我们更加谦逊和不那么自信来改变我们的观点，使我们能够以更加开放和现实的态度去面对任务，并帮助我们更加珍惜成功。第二空答案为Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more。故第一空答案为Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and more overconfident, helping us appreciate success more.第二空的答案为According to the passage, Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more.
45．开放性试题。本文是开放性试题，回答合理即可。首先，根据题干要求，虽然失败可以是有帮助的，但需要回答如何尽可能避免失败。本人认为，为了避免失败，我们可以设定明确的目标来跟踪进度，并从过去的经验中学习以防止重复错误。此外，不断提高我们的能力也可以有效地应对挑战。这些步骤有助于建立信心，减少挫折，稳步走向成功。故答案To avoid failure ,we can set clear goals to track progress, and learn from past experiences to prevent repeating mistakes. Additionally, keeping improving our abilities can also handle challenges effectively .These steps help build confidence, reduce setbacks and grow steady to success.
七、单句
【知识点】不可数名词、现在分词作状语
46．【答案】Judging ；judg(e)ment
八、语篇
【知识点】文化、说明文
【答案】47．referred 48．to represent 49．association(s) 50．was considered 51．officials 52．who 53．pursuit 54．a 55．as 56．have made
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了牡丹在中国文化中的重要地位和象征意义。文章从历史渊源、皇室关联、神话传说和婚礼习俗等多个角度，阐述了牡丹作为“花中之王”的文化内涵，展现了这种花卉在中国传统文化中的独特价值。
【详解】47．考查非谓语动词。句意：牡丹常被称为花中之王，是中国文化中最具重要意义的花卉之一，其历史可追溯到 2000 多年前。 “the peony”和“refer to”之间是被动关系，即“牡丹被称为”，所以用过去分词形式作状语。 故填referred。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为它代表着财富、繁荣和荣誉。 “be believed to do sth.” 为固定搭配，表示 “被认为做某事”，所以这里用 to represent作主语补足语。 故填to represent。
49．考查名词。句意：牡丹在文化上具有重要意义的原因之一是它在历史上与皇室有关联。形容词性物主代词its后应用名词，名词 “association” 表示 “关联”作表语，作此意时既可以是可数名词，又可以是不可数名词；看作可数名词时，此处应用复数形式表泛指。 故填association (s)。
50．考查时态和语态。句意：在唐朝，牡丹被认为是宫廷的官方花卉，只有皇室成员和高级官员可以种植和欣赏这些娇美的花朵。 “During the Tang Dynasty”表明句子时态为一般过去时，主语 “the peony”和“consider”之间是被动关系，即“牡丹被认为”，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，主语是单数概念，故用 was considered。 故填was considered。
51．考查名词复数 。句意：在唐朝，牡丹被认为是宫廷的官方花卉，只有皇室成员和高级官员可以种植和欣赏这些娇美的花朵。 空处应用名词作主语，根据语境，这里指多个高级官员,“official”是可数名词，所以要用复数形式 officials。 故填officials。
52．考查定语从句。句意：根据中国传说，牡丹与一位名叫西王母的美丽女神有关，她在花园里种植牡丹以象征她的永生。空处引导非限制性定语从句， 先行词是“Xi Wangmu”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导定语从句。 故填who。
53．考查名词。句意：因此，牡丹常与长寿和对永生的追求联系在一起。空处作宾语，此处应填名词形式，pursue的名词形式为 pursuit。故填 pursuit。
54．考查冠词。句意：此外，牡丹在中国婚礼中占有特殊的地位。 这里需要用不定冠词表示 “一个”，“special” 是以辅音音素开头，所以用“a”。 故填a。
55．考查介词。句意：它作为爱情和幸福的象征备受赞赏，常被用于婚礼仪式和装饰中。 be admired as...是固定短语，意思是 “作为……而受到赞美”，这里表示牡丹作为爱情和幸福的象征被赞美，所以用介词 “as”。 故填as。
56．考查时态。句意：几个世纪以来，它们丰富的历史、深刻的象征意义和美学价值使它们成为中国最珍贵的花卉之一。 “Over centuries” 表示“几个世纪以来”，是现在完成时的时间标志词，强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，主语 their rich history, deep symbolism, and aesthetic beauty是复数，所以用现在完成时“have + 过去分词”，即“have made”。 故填have made。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般现在时、其他应用文、文学、节日
57．【答案】Reading is a fundamental activity that plays a crucial role in our lives, which expands our knowledge, enhances our imagination and broadens our views.
Personally, I enjoy reading various types of books, including classics, novels, and history books. Classics offer revealing insights into human nature and society, while novels allow me to engage myself in fantastic stories. History books, on the other hand, provide valuable lessons from the past.
Overall, reading is an invaluable hobby that enriches our lives and helps us to continuously learn and grow.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕世界读书日这一主题，阐述阅读的重要性，并分享个人喜爱的书籍类型及其原因，以投稿形式参与校英文报征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
基本的：fundamental→essential
关键的：crucial→critical
增强：enhance→strengthen
珍贵的：valuable→precious
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Personally, I enjoy reading various types of books, including classics, novels, and history books.
拓展句：Personally, I enjoy reading various types of books, which include classics, novels, and history books.
十、概要写作
【知识点】一般现在时、文化、议论文
58．【答案】A Swiss firm’s review suggested a dangerous bias in clinical trials. Certain groups of people being excluded from trials may lead to harmful consequences. Despite some difficulties, involving more participants can lead to new medical insights. Luckily, there’s progress including reducing the barriers to attract more participants and publishing rules to address this issue.
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过瑞士药企的审查案例引出临床试验存在排除特定群体的系统性偏见，指出这种排除可能导致严重后果，同时论证了扩大参与者范围对医学进步的意义，最后提出政府正在通过降低参与门槛和制定法规来改善这一现状。
【详解】1.要点摘录
① Swiss review found racial under-representation in trials, highlighting growing awareness of dangerous bias.
② Excluding groups like children/disabled/elderly causes unclear treatment efficacy for major patient populations.
③ Broadening participants could yield new medical discoveries despite challenges in informed consent and data analysis.
④ Governments are reducing barriers and requiring transparency in trial inclusion policies.
2.缜密构思
将第①、②要点整合为“问题呈现”，第③点作为“解决方案的必要性”，第④点作为“积极进展”，形成“问题-影响-解决-进展”的逻辑链。
3.遣词造句
A Swiss firm’s review exposed racial bias in trials, reflecting heightened awareness.
Excluding vulnerable groups risks ineffective treatments for major populations.
While expanding participation faces challenges, it may unlock medical breakthroughs.
Fortunately, governments are lowering barriers and mandating transparent inclusion policies to address this critical issue.
【点睛】[高分句型1] A Swiss firm’s review exposed racial bias in trials, reflecting heightened awareness.（使用现在分词短语reflecting作状语）
[高分句型2] While expanding participation faces challenges, it may unlock medical breakthroughs.（使用了while引导的让步状语从句）
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一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题，共6分）
[6分]The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they were in. They were hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Xizang. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection: Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
1．（2分）What’s the purpose of the author’s visit to the Xizang
A．He wants to go on a hike.
B．He wants to observe Tibetan antelopes.
C．He wants to see beautiful scenery in that place.
D．He wants to climb mountains that soar into the clouds.
2．（2分）Which of the following places is NOT the habitat of the Tibetan antelope
A．The plains of Xizang. B．The plains of Qinghai.
C．The plains of Xinjiang. D．The mountainous area of Xizang.
3．（2分）What can be inferred from the last but one paragraph
A．The threats to the Tibetan antelope still exist.
B．The government has stopped protecting antelopes.
C．The Tibetan antelope species is still endangered.
D．The Tibetan antelope has been moved out of the reserve.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题，共16分）
[8分]When thinking of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) doctors, one might picture an elderly man with a long beard sitting in front of a medicine chest. However, He Suye, a young and talented physician in the latest medical-romance drama The Best Thing, challenges that traditional image. Played by the 27-year-old actor Zhang Linghe, Mr. He is a professional TCM specialist with a gentle personality, but outside of work. he enjoys hobbies like skateboarding and malatang, a type of hotpot, reshaping common views of TCM doctors.
The Best Thing follows Shen Xifan, a hotel manager suffering from frequent headaches and trouble sleeping. In her search for a cure, she meets Mr. He, and their relationship deepens through medical consultations. To play a genuine TCM practitioner, Zhang studied Chinese medicine with practicing physicians, learning traditional diagnostic(诊断的) and treatment methods. This process helped him gain a deeper appreciation for TCM’s integrated philosophy, which emphasizes the interconnectedness of the body, mind, and environment, viewing health as a balance between these elements.
The drama creatively integrates TCM knowledge by naming each episode after a type of Chinese herbal medicine, connecting TCM’s healing methods to the storyline. For example, in one episode, Mr. He performs “wet cupping” to treat a breathing emergency, showcasing TCM’s role in critical care.
The drama particularly appeals to younger viewers. With the growing integration of TCM and Western medicine, as well as expanding international exchanges, TCM practitioners and students now have more diverse career opportunities. For instance, acupuncture(针灸) is now covered in health insurance plans in many countries. Zhang Linghe believes that passion is the driving force behind a successful career — just like his character, He, who remains committed to his path in TCM despite numerous challenges, including initial opposition from his father. Zhang hopes to introduce TCM to a global audience, especially younger generations, through the drama’s release on international platforms.
4．（2分）What do we know about He Suye
A．He challenges the principles of TCM.
B．He is an actor starring in The Best Thing.
C．He presents a modern image of a TCM doctor.
D．He has the same hobbies as other TCM doctors.
5．（2分）Why did Zhang Linghe learn TCM techniques
A．To prepare for the role.
B．To treat his own illnesses.
C．To become a practicing physician.
D．To appreciate TCM’s philosophy.
6．（2分）What is the author’s purpose in mentioning acupuncture
A．To explain the diverse changes in future careers.
B．To demonstrate TCM’s international recognition.
C．To show the drama’s popularity among younger viewers.
D．To emphasize TCM’s advantages over Western medicine.
7．（2分）What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Traditional Approach to TCM
B．A New Vision for TCM’s Future
C．Exploring the Ancient Roots of TCM
D．Redefining TCM for a Global Audience
[8分]Are you chillaxed enough Recently, having a sense of ease seems to have become one of the most important qualities that a person should have to be seen as successful and attractive.
The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family’s luggage (行李) was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being “chillaxed”, meaning staying calm in the face of barriers. With the word gaining more attention, an increasing number of people have shared their chillaxed lives online.
In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to “psychological resilience”, which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations. particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining.
In both work and study, many people get anxious or even collapse when faced with short-term bottlenecks. Therefore, they hurriedly seek immediate changes, which in most cases prevents them from achieving the desired result. Rather than going after immediate outcomes, it’s more significant to maintain steady, gradual progress and adopt a long-term mindset.
Interestingly, as the Internet becomes filled with hashtags (标签) like “only those who are chillaxed are attractive”, many people are beginning to feel anxious because they don’t fit that description. Still, it’s important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there’s nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you’re definitely someone who’s appealing and respectable no matter whether you’re chillaxed or not.
8．（2分）Why is the family’s experience mentioned in the passage
A．To introduce the origin of the word “chillaxed”.
B．To show the family’s ability to stay chillaxed.
C．To highlight the importance of being chillaxed.
D．To argue against the rejection of luggage shipment.
9．（2分）What’s highlighted in psychological resilience
A．Quick forgetting of challenges.
B．Dependence on external factors.
C．Flexibility and steady progress.
D．Seeking quick fixes to problems.
10．（2分）What’s the author’s attitude towards being chillaxed
A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Dismissive. D．Unclear.
11．（2分）Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．A Chillaxed Attitude: Shortcut Towards Success.
B．Remaining Chillaxed Helps to Settle Conflicts.
C．Why Being Chillaxed Does Not Guarantee Happiness.
D．Being Chillaxed: The Art of Psychological Strength.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题，共10分）
[10分]Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it. Maybe you think you can’t end an unhappy marriage because of the emotional impact on your loved ones, or that you can’t leave a disappointing career because of the financial cost. On a more ordinary level, you might feel that you can’t spend half an hour working on a creative project because there are too many emails to answer or too many household chores to complete. These are valid concerns, but the truth is, it’s almost never literally the case that you have to meet a deadline, answer an email, or fulfill a family obligation (义务、责任). As Sheldon B．Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences.
Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path. Spending a week in Rome means not spending that same week in Paris. Avoiding a conflict in the short-term means letting a bad situation worsen. As economist Thomas Sowell said, “There are no solutions, only trade-offs.” Relaxing in a messy home, as Laura Vanderkam suggests, might mean tolerating some discomfort about untidied toys, but it’s rarely worth worrying out. Most consequences we face aren’t really worth the stress.
However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs.
Most of us tend to exaggerate potential consequences to avoid bold choices. Philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre observed that there’s a comfort in believing you have no options because it’s easier to feel trapped than to face the responsibilities of freedom. Once you begin to approach life as a matter of trade-offs, it becomes easier to say no to things you might not previously have dared to turn down.
Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept. True freedom lies not in escaping responsibilities but in deciding which responsibilities to take on.
12．（2分）Why does the author argue that people often feel unable to make certain life choices
A．They are forced by external factors to avoid making decisions.
B．They think others will solve their problems for them.
C．They believe circumstances leave them with no options.
D．They prioritize long-term consequences over immediate actions.
13．（2分）Why does the author believe that “trade-offs” are unavoidable in life, according to the second paragraph
A．Because every choice comes with a cost. B．Because people are afraid of short-term conflicts.
C．Because making choices complicates life. D．Because people need to follow social rules.
14．（2分）What does the underlined phrase “wriggling free of the costs of your choice” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean
A．Refusing to make trade-offs or sacrifices.
B．Gaining freedom without facing limitations.
C．Making decisions without considering their consequences.
D．Escaping the responsibilities associated with making a choice.
15．（2分）What is the author’s perspective on freedom as mentioned in the passage
A．Freedom comes from refusing to take any risks.
B．True freedom is being free from obligations and responsibilities.
C．Freedom is achievable when others understand your decisions.
D．Freedom means examining trade-offs and making choices despite limitations.
16．（2分）What is the main idea of the passage
A．Freedom means avoiding potential consequences.
B．Every choice involves trade-offs and consequences.
C．People shouldn’t prioritize personal freedom over obligations.
D．Life is full of unavoidable limitations that prevent true freedom.
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题，共40分）
[40分]In Mid-2012. I was trying to read a book related to psychology, and was failing. I had passed my level-3 qualification and was trying to go further than the qualification 17 .
I explained this to my cousin, who mentioned the 18 benefits of attending university. I 19 the idea without a second thought. But he was already 20 that I could make it. Two weeks later, I was 21 to the University of Bolton, with accommodation paid for. All was 22 by this 19-year-old who had faith in me.
Our lecturer, Dr. Colin, told the class to read research papers, scientific 23 and some literature. So I looked for some books in the library the next day. 24 , I didn’t know much about literature. But I managed to find a short story by Lawrence. The book 25 important to me, and short enough not to pose any 26 in understanding. I started reading.
I have no words to 27 what happened to me while turning the 28 . But from then on, I read every day, 29 a notebook to write down interesting words and their meanings. Meanwhile, I 30 my room with the faces and 31 of my favourite authors. I taught myself as many passages and poems as my mind could 32 . Each book was like uncovering the 33 of the world around me.
I tried to change my degree course, but that meant a(n) 34 year on my own expense. So I gave up and 35 found a friend who would take me to her literature 36 at the University of Manchester. When it was time to graduate, I did so with a book in my hand.
17．（2分）A．required B．adopted C．evaluated D．allowed
18．（2分）A．exceptional B．previous C．artificial D．potential
19．（2分）A．offered B．expanded C．declined D．remembered
20．（2分）A．astonished B．persuaded C．taught D．convinced
21．（2分）A．committed B．admitted C．challenged D．promoted
22．（2分）A．arranged B．restored C．announced D．questioned
23．（2分）A．background B．observation C．journals D．statements
24．（2分）A．Interestingly B．Honestly C．Essentially D．Consequently
25．（2分）A．assessed B．proved C．watched D．felt
26．（2分）A．difficulty B．negotiation C．awkwardness D．delay
27．（2分）A．investigate B．analyze C．describe D．translate
28．（2分）A．projects B．illustrations C．categories D．pages
29．（2分）A．shifted B．kept C．decorated D．planted
30．（2分）A．painted B．provided C．covered D．compromised
31．（2分）A．quotes B．reviews C．acknowledgement D．recognition
32．（2分）A．develop B．rank C．release D．stand
33．（2分）A．changes B．details C．applications D．advertisements
34．（2分）A．extra B．abundant C．formal D．fruitful
35．（2分）A．therefore B．gradually C．instead D．nevertheless
36．（2分）A．discounts B．lectures C．contacts D．options
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题，共10分）
[10分]What do you think about “regifting” — giving someone else a gift that you received before Is it dishonest to pretend that you bought the gift for the person you’re giving it to 37（2分） Frankly speaking, regifting is something many of us have felt uncertain or hesitant about. Chances are that we get a gift that, however well-intentioned, just doesn’t match our needs or our lives and thus will go unused. So rather than have it add to household clutter or get thrown out, why not regift
38（2分） Gift-giving happens within a web of relationships, and there are feelings to be considered (“Where’s that purple scarf I knitted you last Christmas ”). Seriously uncomfortable social situations ought to be avoided (“Why is there a greeting card from someone else for you inside this gift box ”). There are times when integrity might require us to inform the original giver of our intention to regift, even if the conversation might be awkward. 39（2分） We also hope it shouldn’t be something they’ll just regift again and again.
But if you think about it, the three gifts the Magi brought to Jesus in Matthew 2 weren’t all that practical. If I got those three gifts, I’d probably keep the gold. 40（2分）
Keeping these considerations in mind, I say, “Re-gift away!” 41（2分） In her book Braiding Sweetgrass, Robin Wall Kimmerer points out that in Indigenous and Native American cultures, the attitude toward giving is different: “Whatever we have been given is supposed to be given away again.”
A．There are, of course, considerations.
B．However, I’d probably regift the other two.
C．To some extent, our unwillingness to regift is a cultural attitude.
D．Sometimes, regifting can be seen as a smart way to save money.
E．Regifting is a common practice in many cultures around the world.
F．Is it also ungrateful to the person who gave it to you in the first place
G．And we hope that the person getting the regift actually needs and likes it.
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题，共8分）
[8分]阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
The Value of Failure in Success
In our pursuit of success, failure often seems like an unwelcome guest. We usually view failure as something negative, something to be avoided at all costs. However, failure is an inevitable (unavoidable) part of life, and it actually holds great value in our journey towards success.
Failure serves as a powerful teacher. When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset (有利条件) (property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.
Failure also builds resilience (toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.
Moreover, failure can change our perspective (观点). It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter.
In conclusion, failure is not the end but a crucial part of the path to success. It teaches us, builds our resilience, and shapes our perspective. We should embrace failure, learn from it, and use it as a springboard to achieve greater things.
42．（2分）Why is self-reflection after failure important
43．（2分）How does failure contribute to building resilience
44．（2分）Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and more overconfident, helping us appreciate success more.
45．（2分）Though failure can be helpful, what can we do to avoid failure as much as possible (In about 40 words.)
七、单句（本大题共1小题，共2分）
46．[2分]from his expression，the his brother made on the issue made him dissatisfied.(judge)
八、语篇（本大题共1小题，共20分）
[20分]阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese peonies (牡丹) are not just beautiful flowers; they also hold deep symbolic meaning in Chinese culture.
Often 47（2分） (refer) to as the King of Flowers, the peony is one of the most culturally significant flowers in China, with a history dating back over 2,000 years. It is believed 48（2分） (represent) wealth, prosperity (繁荣), and honor.
One of the reasons for the peony’s cultural significance is its historical 49（2分） (associate) with the imperial family. During the Tang Dynasty, the peony 50（2分） (consider) the official flower of the imperial court and only the imperial family and high-ranking 51（2分） (official) could plant and enjoy these delicate flowers.
In addition, the peony was deeply rooted in Chinese mythology. According to Chinese legend, the peony is associated with a beautiful goddess named Xi Wangmu, 52（2分） planted peonies in her garden to symbolize her immortality (永生). Thus, the peony is often associated with longevity and the 53（2分） (pursue) of immortality.
Also, the peony holds 54（2分） special place in Chinese weddings. It is greatly admired 55（2分） a symbol of love and happiness and is often used in wedding ceremonies and decorations.
In conclusion, the cultural significance of Chinese peonies cannot be underestimated. Over centuries, their rich history, deep symbolism, and aesthetic beauty 56（2分） (make) them one of the most treasured flowers in China.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题，共18分）
57．[18分]你校英文报将以四月二十三日世界读书日为主题，向在校学生征文。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 读书的重要性；
2. 自己喜爱的书籍类型及原因。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十、概要写作（本大题共1小题，共20分）
58．[20分]Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How to improve clinical trials？
Last year, a Swiss medicine company published a review of the clinical trials on drugs it had held between 2016 and 2021. It found that black people were under-represented in all but one. Surprisingly, that news represents progress, because it shows that people are becoming more aware of a dangerous bias (偏见) that sets back the safety of medical treatments.
Many trials leave out certain groups — children, for example, or people with physical or learning disabilities, pregnant women and the elderly. There are good explanations for the exclusion, such as the difficulty of getting informed permission or the potential harm to unborn children. Yet the consequences can be serious. A recent review found that half of trials around the world testing hip-fracture (髋骨骨折) interventions excluded people who lived in nursing homes, were old or had some sort of understanding problems. Though these groups make up almost a third of all patients suffering hip fractures, it is unclear if the interventions will work as safely or as effectively on them. Their doctors face a tough choice: tell their patients to take the medicine anyway, with uncertain results; or deny them new treatments.
Obtaining informed permission for trials is not always easy, especially from people with learning disabilities. Accounting for different groups’ risks of side-effects can complicate the analysis of the data. Even so, broadening the range of trials’ participants can be practically useful, because it might lead to important new findings in medicine.
Fortunately, the bias of clinical testing may be changing. The US government has recently proposed to reduce barriers and appeal to a wider range of participants by reducing the costs and commitments required for patients to participate. Countries like America and Britain are discussing publishing regulations that require trial organisers to explain whom they ought to include and how they plan to include them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】哲理感悟、细节理解、观点态度、记叙文
【答案】
1．B
2．D
3．A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录了去西藏观察藏羚羊的经历，并且在与导游扎西的沟通中了解到保护藏羚羊，保护自然的重要性。由此感悟：人类应与自然和谐共生。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.(在我们面前的平原上，我们只能看到一群优雅的动物。这就是为什么我们在这里观察藏羚羊。)”可知，作者去西藏的目的是观察姿态优美的动物——藏羚羊。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai.(藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。)”可知，西藏的山区不是藏羚羊的栖息地。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.(这些措施是有效的。羚羊种群已经恢复，2015年6月，藏羚羊被从濒危物种名单中删除。然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为对藏羚羊的威胁尚未消失。)”可知，对藏羚羊的威胁仍然存在。故选A。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】文化、文章标题、目的意图、细节理解、说明文
【答案】
4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电视剧《最好的相遇》通过年轻中医形象，向全球推广现代中医文化。
【详解】
4．细节理解题。根据第一段的“However, He Suye, a young and talented physician in the latest medical-romance drama The Best Thing, challenges that traditional image. Played by the 27-year-old actor Zhang Linghe, Mr. He is a professional TCM specialist with a gentle personality, but outside of work. he enjoys hobbies like skateboarding and malatang, a type of hotpot, reshaping common views of TCM doctors.[然而，在最新的医疗爱情剧《最好的相遇》中，年轻而有才华的医生何素野挑战了传统形象。何先生由27岁的演员张令河饰演，是一名性格温和的专业中医，但在工作之外。他喜欢滑板和麻辣烫（一种火锅），这改变了人们对中医的普遍看法。]”可知，何素野打破传统中医刻板印象，展现现代形象。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段的“To play a genuine TCM practitioner, Zhang studied Chinese medicine with practicing physicians, learning traditional diagnostic(诊断的) and treatment methods.(为了扮演一个真正的中医从业者，张跟随执业医师学习中医，学习传统的诊断和治疗方法。)”可知，张学习中医技术是为了扮演一名真正的中医，即为这个角色做准备。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段的“With the growing integration of TCM and Western medicine, as well as expanding international exchanges, TCM practitioners and students now have more diverse career opportunities. For instance, acupuncture(针灸) is now covered in health insurance plans in many countries.(随着中西医结合的日益深入，以及国际交流的不断扩大，中医从业者和学生现在有了更多样化的职业机会。例如，在许多国家，针灸现在被纳入健康保险计划。)”可推知，作者提及针灸被多国医保覆盖，说明中医在国际上得到认可，即展示中医药的国际认可度。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“However, He Suye, a young and talented physician in the latest medical-romance drama The Best Thing, challenges that traditional image. Played by the 27-year-old actor Zhang Linghe, Mr. He is a professional TCM specialist with a gentle personality, but outside of work. he enjoys hobbies like skateboarding and malatang, a type of hotpot, reshaping common views of TCM doctors.[然而，在最新的医疗爱情剧《最好的相遇》中，年轻而有才华的医生何素野挑战了传统形象。何先生由27岁的演员张令河饰演，是一名性格温和的专业中医，但在工作之外。他喜欢滑板和麻辣烫（一种火锅），这改变了人们对中医的普遍看法。]”可知，本文主要介绍了电视剧《最好的相遇》，这部电视剧通过年轻中医形象，向全球推广现代中医文化，即年轻中医形象为全球受众重新定义中医，并向全球推广。由此可知，D选项“Redefining TCM for a Global Audience(为全球观众重新定义中医)”最适合作本文标题。故选D。
【知识点】哲理感悟、情节发展、文章标题、细节理解、观点态度、议论文
【答案】
8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了chillaxed（放松的）态度的重要性及其意义，同时指出保持这种态度虽有益但并非成功唯一途径。
【详解】
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The discussion arose from a previous incident. A family’s luggage was rejected for shipment, but they continued their journey like nothing bad had happened. A girl witnessed their calm attitude in difficult circumstances and shared the story online. She described their attitude as being ‘chillaxed’, meaning staying calm in the face of barriers. (这次讨论是由先前的一件事引起的。一个家庭的行李被拒绝装运，但他们继续旅行，就像什么也没发生过一样。一个女孩目睹了他们在困境中的冷静态度，并在网上分享了这个故事。她形容他们的态度是“放松的”，意思是在面对障碍时保持冷静。)”可知，先提到一个家庭行李被拒运但仍若无其事继续旅行这一事件，然后一个女孩见证了他们的态度并在网上分享故事，用“chillaxed”来描述他们，从而引出了“chillaxed”这个词的来源。所以提到这个家庭的经历是为了介绍“chillaxed”这个词的起源。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“In psychology, maintaining a sense of ease is similar to ‘psychological resilience’, which refers to the ability to effectively adjust and adapt to tough situations. particularly by being mentally, emotionally and behaviorally flexible to pressure. It stresses a drive for success, steadily advancing toward a goal, and being prepared to accept any outcome without complaining. (在心理学中，保持轻松感类似于“心理弹性”，指的是有效调整和适应艰难情况的能力。尤其是在精神上、情感上和行为上对压力都很灵活。它强调的是成功的动力，朝着目标稳步前进，并准备好接受任何结果而不抱怨。)”可知，psychological resilience是在心理、情感和行为上对压力具有灵活性，并且强调对成功的追求，稳步朝着目标前进。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still, it’s important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there’s nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. Indeed, many people achieve their goals by pushing themselves to their limits, though feeling frustrated at pressure from time to time. But as long as you are fighting for your ideal life, you’re definitely someone who’s appealing and respectable no matter whether you’re chillaxed or not. (不过，需要注意的是，虽然放松状态可能是有利的，但不放松也没有错。的确，许多人通过挑战自己的极限来实现他们的目标，尽管有时会因为压力而感到沮丧。但只要你在为你的理想生活而奋斗，无论你是否放松，你都绝对是一个有吸引力和受人尊敬的人。)”可知，作者认为只要为理想生活奋斗，无论是否“chillaxed”都值得尊敬。作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“Still, it’s important to note that while a state of ease may be favorable, there’s nothing wrong with not being chillaxed. (不过，需要注意的是，虽然放松状态可能是有利的，但不放松也没有错。)”可知，文章先由一个事件引出“chillaxed”这个词，接着解释其在心理学上类似于“psychological resilience”，并阐述了“psychological resilience”的内涵，强调了在面对困难时保持冷静、灵活和稳步前进的重要性，最后表明作者对“chillaxed”的客观态度。所以选项D“保持冷静：心理力量的艺术”能很好地概括文章内容，既提到了“chillaxed”，又体现了其与心理力量的关系。故选D。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】哲理感悟、细节理解、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．D 15．D 16．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人生中的选择和后果。它指出，尽管我们常常因为担心后果而犹豫不决，但实际上每个选择都伴随着权衡。我们不能逃避选择带来的后果，但我们可以决定我们愿意承担哪些后果。文章引用了多位思想家的观点，强调了自由不是逃避责任，而是在于选择我们愿意承担的责任。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it.(每个人都知道因为环境不允许而无法做出某种生活选择的感觉)”可知，作者认为人们常常感到无法做出某些生活选择是因为他们相信环境让他们别无选择，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path.(结果是不可选择的。每个选择都伴随着某种权衡，因为在任何时刻，你只能选择一条路径)”可知，作者认为生活中的“权衡”是不可避免的，因为在任何时刻，你只能选择一条路径，必须付出代价。故选A。
14．词句猜测题。根据第三段“However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs.(然而，你不能逃避你选择的成本——这永远不是一个选择。它意味着意识到没有什么能阻止你做任何事情，只要你愿意付出代价。例如，辞职可能会导致财务不稳定，忽略电子邮件可能会激怒同事。即使这些不愉快的现实也不能改变选择是权衡取舍的事实)”可知，辞职可能会导致财务不稳定，忽略电子邮件可能会激怒同事，说明无法逃避选择所带来的责任。故划线词意思是“逃避与做出选择相关的责任”。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept.(最终，自由不是要避免限制，而是要拥抱限制。这意味着要权衡取舍——因为总会有取舍——然后选择你愿意接受的那个)”可知，作者对自由的看法是自由意味着尽管有限制也要权衡利弊并做出选择，故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As Sheldon B. Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences.(正如Sheldon B. Kopp所指出的，你可以自由地做任何你喜欢的事情——你只需要面对后果)”以及第二段“Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path.(结果是不可选择的。每个选择都伴随着某种权衡，因为在任何时刻，您只能选择一条路径)”结合本文探讨了人生中的选择和后果。我们常常因为担心后果而犹豫不决，但实际上每个选择都伴随着权衡。我们不能逃避选择带来的后果，但我们可以决定我们愿意承担哪些后果，强调了自由不是逃避责任，而是在于选择我们愿意承担的责任。通过接受生活中的权衡，我们可以更自由地做出选择，即使这些选择可能带来一些不愉快的后果。因此可知，这篇文章的主旨是每个选择都涉及权衡和后果。故选B。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、故事、文学、记叙文
【答案】
17．A
18．D
19．C
20．D
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．D
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．C
31．A
32．D
33．B
34．A
35．C
36．B
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。作者阅读专业书籍的时候遇到困难，在表弟的建议和帮助下去了波尔顿大学学习，在此期间，作者在读到一本短篇小说后爱上了阅读，之后他热衷于阅读各类书籍，不断地丰富自己的知识储备，最后以优秀的成绩毕业；
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经通过了三级资格考试，正在努力超越所需要的资格。A. required要求、需要；B. adopted采纳；C. evaluated估值；D. allowed允许；根据本句提到的“go further”（更进一步）可知，表示作者希望自己能够拥有比获取专业资格证书所需要的更丰富的知识。故选A；
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向我的堂弟解释了这一点，他提到了上大学的潜在好处。A.exceptional例外的、杰出的；B.previous先前的；C.artificial人造的、人工的；D. potential潜在的；根据上一句说作者希望自己能够拥有比获取专业资格证书所需要的更丰富的知识，这是作者的打算，即：读大学的好处是未来的、可能的，即当下看不见的，这里表示作者的表弟向作者提到读大学的各种潜在的好处，该选项是最符合语境逻辑的，故选D；
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不假思索地拒绝了这个想法。A. offered主动提供；B. expanded扩展；C. declined拒绝；D. remembered记得；根据第4空 “But he was already that I could make it. ”（但他已经确信我能成功做到）的语义转折可知，虽然我一下拒绝，但是他认为我能成功，符合语义逻辑，故选C；
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他已经确信我能成功做到。 A. astonished使震惊；B. persuaded说服 ；C. taught教；D. convince使信服；从语境的转折关系和第6空中的“All was by this 19-year-old who had faith in me.”（这一切都是由这个对我有信心的19岁男孩安排的）可知，作者的表弟却深信作者应该去读大学，故选D；
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，我被博尔顿大学录取，并支付了住宿费。A. committed承诺、保证；B. admitted承认、录取；C. challenged挑战；D. promoted促进、升职；根据“Our lecturer, Dr. Colin, told the class to read research papers, scientific and some literature”（我们的讲师科林博士告诉全班同学阅读研究论文、科学期刊和一些文献）可知，作者被大学录取了，be admitted to表示“允许进入，录用，录取”。故选B；
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都是由这个对我有信心的19岁男孩安排的。A. arranged安排；B. restored修复；C. announced宣布；D. questioned质疑；此处表示作者被大学录取了。一切入学事宜包括住宿费作者的表弟都已经安排好了，故选A；
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的讲师科林博士告诉全班同学阅读研究论文、科学期刊和一些文献。A. background背景；B. observation观察、庆祝；C. journals学术期刊；D. statement陈述；这里表示教授建议他的学生去阅读科研论文、科研期刊和文学作品，从四个选项的含义判断，C项最符合科研所需材料类别，故选C；
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我对文学了解不多。A. Interestingly有兴趣地；B. Honestly诚实地；C. Essentially至关重要地；D. Consequently结果；根据本句内容“ I didn’t know much about literature”“我对文学了解不多”，这里作者承认自己文学了解不足，坦诚地说出自己当时的实际阅读能力。故选B；
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书对我来说很重要，而且足够短，不会给理解带来任何困难。A. assessed评估；B. proved证明；C. watched观看；D. felt感觉；根据第8题内容“ I didn’t know much about literature”（我对文学了解不多），作者不太了解文学作品，所以作者的判断主要凭感觉，用feel表示“使人感觉……”。故选D；
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书对我来说很重要，而且足够短，不会给理解带来任何困难。A. difficulty困难；B. negotiation沟通、协商；C. awkwardness笨拙；D. delay耽误；根据第8题提到的作者对文学作品了解不多以及本句提到的“short enough”“书足够薄”，不会给阅读带来太大的困难，符合一般认知，用difficulty表示“困难”。故选A；
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言描述翻页时发生在我身上的事情。A. investigate调查；B. analyze分析；C. describe描述；D. translate翻译；根据“words”（语言）可知，语言的功能主要是用来描述的，表示作者在读书过程中的快乐是难以用任何言语来描述的，因此选C表示“描述”。故选C；
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言描述翻页时发生在我身上的事情。A. projects项目；B. illustrations插图、说明；C. categories种类；D. pages页；本句turn表示“翻转”，page表示“页面、书页”，恰好表示作者在阅读的过程中翻动书页的动作，故选D；
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但从那时起，我每天都读书，记下有趣的单词及其含义。A. shifted转换；B. kept保持、携带；C. decorated装饰；D. planted种植；根据notebook“笔记本”可知，这里表示作者在阅读的过程中还随身携带一本用于摘抄的笔记本，因此用keep表示“持有、携带”。故选B；
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我在房间里摆满了我最喜欢的作家的面孔和名言。A. painted绘画；B. provided提供；C. covered覆盖、涉及；D. compromised；妥协。短语cover sth with sth“用……覆盖……”，这里表示作者的房间里到处都贴着作者喜欢的作者的图片，与前面随时用笔记本记录呼应。故选C；
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我在房间里摆满了我最喜欢的作家的面孔和名言。A. quotes引用、语录；B. reviews复习、评论；C. acknowledgement承认；D. recognition识别、意识；根据“my room with the faces and ”可知，这里表示作者把阅读中遇到的名人名言摘抄下来贴在墙上，作者的话通常可称之为“语录”，用quotes表示“语录，引言”。故选A；
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自学了尽可能多的段落和诗歌。A. develop发展；B. rank评级；C. release释放、发行；D. stand忍受；根据as many as可知，此处表示最大限度，即作者在自己的大脑能够承受的范围内自学了尽可能多的文章和诗歌，这里用动词stand表示“承受”。故选D；
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一本书都像是揭开了我周围世界的细节。A. changes改变；B. details细节；C. applications申请；D. advertisements广告；根据前句“I taught myself as many passages and poems as my mind could”（我自学了尽可能多的段落和诗歌），读得越多了解越多，表示每本书都向作者展示了周边世界的各种细节，用details表示“细节”。故选B；
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试图改变我的学位课程，但这意味着我要多花一年的费用。A. extra额外的；B. abundant充裕的；C. formal正式的；D. fruitful富有成果的；根据“change my course”（改变学位）可知，改变正常课程往往会意味着额外的付出，此处表示作者必须要自费多读一年，这里用extra表示“额外的”。故选A；
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我放弃了，而是找到了一个朋友，她会带我去曼彻斯特大学听她的文学讲座。A. therefore因此；B. gradually逐渐 ；C. instead反而；D. nevertheless然而；根据第18题和本句句意可知，作者放弃了改变课程的想法，而是选择去蹭课。这里用副词instead表示替代前者的方案，选择了现在的方案。故选C；
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我放弃了，而是找到了一个朋友，她会带我去曼彻斯特大学听她的文学讲座。A. discounts折扣；B. lectures讲座；C. contacts联系；D. options选择；根据19题可知，作者没有改变自己原先的课程，而是选择请他的朋友带他去蹭课，用lectures表示“课程”。故选B。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】文化、议论文
【答案】37．F 38．A 39．G 40．B 41．C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了转送礼物的合理性、需要考虑的因素及文化态度，并鼓励在合适时转送礼物 。
【详解】37．上文“What do you think about ‘regifting’ — giving someone else a gift that you received before Is it dishonest to pretend that you bought the gift for the person you’re giving it to (你怎么看待“转送礼物”——把之前收到的礼物送给别人？假装你买的礼物是要送给对方，这是不诚实的吗)”说明提出关于转送礼物的两个问题，空处和前文为顺接关系，应继续围绕转送礼物提出相关问题。所以F项“对一开始就把礼物送给你的人来说，这也是不知感恩的吗？”符合语境。F选项中的also与上文中的两个问题相呼应，进一步提出关于转送礼物是否不知感恩的问题。故选F。
38．上文“So rather than have it add to household clutter or get thrown out, why not regift (所以与其让它增加家里的杂乱或被扔掉，为什么不转送呢？)”说明提出与其让不合适的礼物闲置或丢弃，不如转送。下文“Gift-giving happens within a web of relationships, and there are feelings to be considered (“Where’s that purple scarf I knitted you last Christmas ”).(送礼发生在错综复杂的人际关系网络之中，而且有些情感因素也需要考虑在内（比如：“我去年圣诞节给你织的那条紫色围巾去哪儿了？” ）)”阐述转赠时需要考虑的人际关系和情感因素，如避免尴尬场景、告知原赠礼人等。空处和前文为顺接关系，并引出下文的内容。所以A项“当然，也有一些需要考虑的因素。”符合语境。A选项中的“considerations”与下文提到的各种需要考虑的情况相呼应，明确指出转赠存在需要考虑的因素，与后文的具体考量形成总分关系，衔接自然。故选A。
39．上文“There are times when integrity might require us to inform the original giver of our intention to regift, even if the conversation might be awkward.(有时候，为了保持正直，我们可能需要告诉最初送礼物的人我们打算转送，即使对话可能会很尴尬)”说明在转送礼物时，有时需要告知最初的送礼者。下文“We also hope it shouldn’t be something they’ll just regift again and again.(我们也希望这不会是一件他们会一再转送出去的东西)”中的“also hope”表明这是另一个希望达成的条件。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明我们希望收到转送礼物的人真正需要并且喜欢它。所以G项“我们希望收到转送礼物的人真正需要并且喜欢它。”符合语境。该选项以“And we hope”开头，与后文的“also hope”形成并列结构，共同说明转赠时对接受者的期望，即希望对方需要且喜欢礼物。故选G。
40．上文“But if you think about it, the three gifts the Magi brought to Jesus in Matthew 2 weren’t all that practical. If I got those three gifts, I’d probably keep the gold.(但如果你仔细想想，马太福音2中东方三博士带给耶稣的三件礼物并不都那么实用。如果我收到那三件礼物，我可能会留下金子)”说明通过对比东方三博士带给耶稣的三件礼物，作者表示自己可能会留下金子。空处和前文为转折关系，说明而其他两件礼物可能会被转送。所以B项“不过，我可能会转送其他两件。”符合语境。B选项中的“However”与上文形成转折，表明作者对其他两件礼物的处理方式与金子不同。故选B。
41．下文“In her book Braiding Sweetgrass, Robin Wall Kimmerer points out that in Indigenous and Native American cultures, the attitude toward giving is different: “Whatever we have been given is supposed to be given away again.”(在她的书《编织甜草》中，Robin Wall Kimmerer指出，在原住民和美洲原住民文化中，对给予的态度是不同的：“无论我们得到什么，都应该再次给予。”)”说明通过引用Robin Wall Kimmerer在书中的观点，说明在原住民和美洲原住民文化中，对给予的态度与我们的文化不同。空处和后文为总分关系，说明我们不愿意转送礼物在一定程度上是一种文化态度。所以C项“在某种程度上，我们不愿意转送礼物是一种文化态度。”符合语境。C选项中的“cultural attitude”与下文提到的原住民和美洲原住民文化中的给予态度相呼应。故选C。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】文化、议论文
【答案】42．Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. 43．Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges. 42 Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and more overconfident, helping us appreciate success more. According to the passage ,Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more. 44．To avoid failure ,we can set clear goals to track progress, and learn from past experiences to prevent repeating mistakes. Additionally, keeping improving our abilities can also handle challenges effectively .These steps help build confidence, reduce setbacks and grow steady to success.
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了失败在成功过程中的价值。文章指出，失败是生活中不可避免的一部分，但它对成功之路具有重要意义。因此，我们应该拥抱失败，从中学习，并将其作为实现更大成就的跳板。
【详解】
42．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset, guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.”(通过这种自我反思，我们可以发现自己的弱点，并从错误中学习。这种新发现的知识成为了一种宝贵的财富，引导我们在未来做出更好的决定并采取更有效的行动。)”可知，失败后的自我反思很重要，因为它使我们能够识别自己的弱点，并从错误中学习，这有助于我们在未来做出更好的决定并采取更有效的行动。故答案为Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.
43．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Failure also builds resilience. Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger.(失败也能培养韧性。每次我们面对失败并设法重新站起来时，我们都会变得更强大。) ”以及“Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.(同样，当我们在生活中遇到失败时，无论是在体育、学术还是个人关系中，从失败中恢复过来都会给我们应对未来挑战的精神韧性。)”可知，失败通过让我们在每次面对并克服它时变得更强大，以及给予我们应对未来挑战的精神韧性，有助于培养韧性。故答案为Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges.
44．考查细节理解。首先，根据文章第四段“Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident.(而且，失败能够改变我们的视角。它让我们变得更加谦逊，不那么自信过头。)”可知，失败让我们更加谦逊，而不是自信过头，所以题干中的“and more overconfident”是错误的，应该划线。根据倒数第二段中“When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter.(当我们经历失败时，我们意识到我们不是不可战胜的，总是有改进的空间。这种新的观点使我们能够以一种更加开放和现实的态度来处理任务。它还能帮助我们更加珍惜成功。经历了失败的艰辛之后，成功的滋味变得更加甜美。)”可知，失败通过让我们更加谦逊和不那么自信来改变我们的观点，使我们能够以更加开放和现实的态度去面对任务，并帮助我们更加珍惜成功。第二空答案为Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more。故第一空答案为Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and more overconfident, helping us appreciate success more.第二空的答案为According to the passage, Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more.
45．开放性试题。本文是开放性试题，回答合理即可。首先，根据题干要求，虽然失败可以是有帮助的，但需要回答如何尽可能避免失败。本人认为，为了避免失败，我们可以设定明确的目标来跟踪进度，并从过去的经验中学习以防止重复错误。此外，不断提高我们的能力也可以有效地应对挑战。这些步骤有助于建立信心，减少挫折，稳步走向成功。故答案To avoid failure ,we can set clear goals to track progress, and learn from past experiences to prevent repeating mistakes. Additionally, keeping improving our abilities can also handle challenges effectively .These steps help build confidence, reduce setbacks and grow steady to success.
七、单句
【知识点】不可数名词、现在分词作状语
46．【答案】Judging ；judg(e)ment
八、语篇
【知识点】文化、说明文
【答案】47．referred 48．to represent 49．association(s) 50．was considered 51．officials 52．who 53．pursuit 54．a 55．as 56．have made
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了牡丹在中国文化中的重要地位和象征意义。文章从历史渊源、皇室关联、神话传说和婚礼习俗等多个角度，阐述了牡丹作为“花中之王”的文化内涵，展现了这种花卉在中国传统文化中的独特价值。
【详解】47．考查非谓语动词。句意：牡丹常被称为花中之王，是中国文化中最具重要意义的花卉之一，其历史可追溯到 2000 多年前。 “the peony”和“refer to”之间是被动关系，即“牡丹被称为”，所以用过去分词形式作状语。 故填referred。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为它代表着财富、繁荣和荣誉。 “be believed to do sth.” 为固定搭配，表示 “被认为做某事”，所以这里用 to represent作主语补足语。 故填to represent。
49．考查名词。句意：牡丹在文化上具有重要意义的原因之一是它在历史上与皇室有关联。形容词性物主代词its后应用名词，名词 “association” 表示 “关联”作表语，作此意时既可以是可数名词，又可以是不可数名词；看作可数名词时，此处应用复数形式表泛指。 故填association (s)。
50．考查时态和语态。句意：在唐朝，牡丹被认为是宫廷的官方花卉，只有皇室成员和高级官员可以种植和欣赏这些娇美的花朵。 “During the Tang Dynasty”表明句子时态为一般过去时，主语 “the peony”和“consider”之间是被动关系，即“牡丹被认为”，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，主语是单数概念，故用 was considered。 故填was considered。
51．考查名词复数 。句意：在唐朝，牡丹被认为是宫廷的官方花卉，只有皇室成员和高级官员可以种植和欣赏这些娇美的花朵。 空处应用名词作主语，根据语境，这里指多个高级官员,“official”是可数名词，所以要用复数形式 officials。 故填officials。
52．考查定语从句。句意：根据中国传说，牡丹与一位名叫西王母的美丽女神有关，她在花园里种植牡丹以象征她的永生。空处引导非限制性定语从句， 先行词是“Xi Wangmu”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导定语从句。 故填who。
53．考查名词。句意：因此，牡丹常与长寿和对永生的追求联系在一起。空处作宾语，此处应填名词形式，pursue的名词形式为 pursuit。故填 pursuit。
54．考查冠词。句意：此外，牡丹在中国婚礼中占有特殊的地位。 这里需要用不定冠词表示 “一个”，“special” 是以辅音音素开头，所以用“a”。 故填a。
55．考查介词。句意：它作为爱情和幸福的象征备受赞赏，常被用于婚礼仪式和装饰中。 be admired as...是固定短语，意思是 “作为……而受到赞美”，这里表示牡丹作为爱情和幸福的象征被赞美，所以用介词 “as”。 故填as。
56．考查时态。句意：几个世纪以来，它们丰富的历史、深刻的象征意义和美学价值使它们成为中国最珍贵的花卉之一。 “Over centuries” 表示“几个世纪以来”，是现在完成时的时间标志词，强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，主语 their rich history, deep symbolism, and aesthetic beauty是复数，所以用现在完成时“have + 过去分词”，即“have made”。 故填have made。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般现在时、其他应用文、文学、节日
57．【答案】Reading is a fundamental activity that plays a crucial role in our lives, which expands our knowledge, enhances our imagination and broadens our views.
Personally, I enjoy reading various types of books, including classics, novels, and history books. Classics offer revealing insights into human nature and society, while novels allow me to engage myself in fantastic stories. History books, on the other hand, provide valuable lessons from the past.
Overall, reading is an invaluable hobby that enriches our lives and helps us to continuously learn and grow.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕世界读书日这一主题，阐述阅读的重要性，并分享个人喜爱的书籍类型及其原因，以投稿形式参与校英文报征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
基本的：fundamental→essential
关键的：crucial→critical
增强：enhance→strengthen
珍贵的：valuable→precious
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Personally, I enjoy reading various types of books, including classics, novels, and history books.
拓展句：Personally, I enjoy reading various types of books, which include classics, novels, and history books.
十、概要写作
【知识点】一般现在时、文化、议论文
58．【答案】A Swiss firm’s review suggested a dangerous bias in clinical trials. Certain groups of people being excluded from trials may lead to harmful consequences. Despite some difficulties, involving more participants can lead to new medical insights. Luckily, there’s progress including reducing the barriers to attract more participants and publishing rules to address this issue.
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过瑞士药企的审查案例引出临床试验存在排除特定群体的系统性偏见，指出这种排除可能导致严重后果，同时论证了扩大参与者范围对医学进步的意义，最后提出政府正在通过降低参与门槛和制定法规来改善这一现状。
【详解】1.要点摘录
① Swiss review found racial under-representation in trials, highlighting growing awareness of dangerous bias.
② Excluding groups like children/disabled/elderly causes unclear treatment efficacy for major patient populations.
③ Broadening participants could yield new medical discoveries despite challenges in informed consent and data analysis.
④ Governments are reducing barriers and requiring transparency in trial inclusion policies.
2.缜密构思
将第①、②要点整合为“问题呈现”，第③点作为“解决方案的必要性”，第④点作为“积极进展”，形成“问题-影响-解决-进展”的逻辑链。
3.遣词造句
A Swiss firm’s review exposed racial bias in trials, reflecting heightened awareness.
Excluding vulnerable groups risks ineffective treatments for major populations.
While expanding participation faces challenges, it may unlock medical breakthroughs.
Fortunately, governments are lowering barriers and mandating transparent inclusion policies to address this critical issue.
【点睛】[高分句型1] A Swiss firm’s review exposed racial bias in trials, reflecting heightened awareness.（使用现在分词短语reflecting作状语）
[高分句型2] While expanding participation faces challenges, it may unlock medical breakthroughs.（使用了while引导的让步状语从句）
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