人教版2017高考英语短语总结及练习：必修1Unit4 Earthquakes （附答案）

人教版2017高考英语短语总结及练习：必修1Unit4（附答案）
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重点短语
1．right
away立刻；马上
2．think
little
of不重视
3．as
if好像；仿佛
4．at
an
end结束，终结
5．in
ruins严重受损；破败不堪
6．a
(great)
number
of许多；大量的
7．dig
out掘出；发现
8．be
proud
of/take
pride
in因……而自豪
训练题
一、完形填空
（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文　话题：励志人生　词数：296　时间：15′
(2015·湖北八市3月联考)Tony
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )set
off
for
home
again
without
having
eaten
since，as
usual，one
of
the
older
boys
had
taken
his
packed
lunch.Angry
and
__1__，Tony
rushed
to
the
park，when
he
suddenly
saw
a
wasp(黄蜂)
flying
about
among
the
rose
bushes.It
__2__
him，making
him
get
away
from
the
roses
immediately.Then，a
__3__
came
into
his
head：how
is
it
that
something
so
much
__4__
than
himself
could
frighten
him
like
that
Having
__5__
the
inse
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cts
for
a
while，he
had
a
good
understanding
of
the
wasp's
__6__：it
was
fear.A
wasp
could
never
__7__
a
person，but
everyone
was
so
afraid
of
its
sting
that
they
left
the
wasp
__8__．So
Tony
spent
that
night
__9__
what
his
“sting”
could
be.
The
next
day，Tony
see
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )med
like
a
__10__
boy.No
longer
did
he
walk
with
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
ground，nor
did
he
__11__
nervously
when
people
spoke
to
him.Instead，he
became
brave
and
__12__，ready
to
face
up
to
anyone.The
boy
who
stole
his
packed
lunch
that
day
ate
so
spicy
a
sausage
sandwich
that
he
__13__
crying
and
coughing.Never
again
did
he
rob
Tony
of
his
lunches.Another
older
boy
__14__
to
hit
Tony，but
this
time
Tony
looked
at
the
boy
__15__
and
bravely.From
memory，he
told
him
the
__16__
of
his
parents，his
teacher，and
the
boy's
own
mother，“__17__
you
hit
me
I'll
call
them，and
you'll
be
severely
punished.”The
boy
turned
around
and
__18__
from
the
scene.
The
strategy
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__19__．So，in
the
end，Tony
became
like
the
wasp
he'd
seen.Without
even
having
to
sting
anyone，he
frightened
them，and
__20__
that
no
one
would
mess
with
him.
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。Tony
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的午餐被人拿走后感到很沮丧，他跑到公园，在公园里看到一只黄蜂，他赶紧躲开。这一举动使他思考自己的问题，他从黄蜂身上得到启示从而变得自信、勇敢，最终解决了自己的问题。
1．A.excited
B．dissatisfied
C．frustrated
D．relaxed
答案　C　[上文中说Tony的午餐被拿走了，在这种情况下他应感到沮丧而愤怒，故选C项。]
2．A.scared
B．inspired
C．rescued
D．comforted
答案　A　[从后文中的Tony从花丛中逃离可知，黄蜂吓倒(scared)了Tony。]
3．A.guess
B．thought
C．belief
D．view
答案　B　[下文描述的是他的疑问，故用thought最佳。一个想法出现在他的脑海中。]
4．A.smaller
B．bigger
C．smarter
D．fiercer
答案　A　[一个人怎么会被比自己小这么多的东西给吓着呢？故选A。]
5．A.collected
B．tested
C．watched
D．counted
答案　C　[watch意为“观察”。Tony应该是观察之后，才了解黄蜂的一些招数。]
6．A.challenge
B．trick
C．choice
D．method
答案　B　[句意参见上题解析。trick“花招，把戏”。]
7．A.bite
B．warn
C．fight
D．please
答案　C　[黄蜂不会与人作战(fight)，但是每个人都害怕它的刺，所以不敢惹它。]
8．A.in
peace
B．in
silence
C．by
comparison
D．on
end
答案　A　[leave
sth
in
peace“不打扰……”。此处指不招惹黄蜂。]
9．A.remembering
B．doubting
C．regretting
D．wondering
答案　D　[从上文可知，此时Tony想知道自己的“刺”是什么。wonder“琢磨，想知道”，符合语境。]
10．A.different
B．common
C．strange
D．rare
答案　A　[结合后文中的“No
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )longer
did
he
walk
with
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
ground...to
him”可知，Tony受到黄蜂的启发，决定改变自己，所以第二天他好像成了另外一个人。]
11．A.turn
back
B．look
into
C．turn
down
D．look
away
答案　D　[结合语境可知，Ton
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y之前与人谈话时，不敢正视别人的目光，紧张地扭头看别处。look
away“扭头看别处”；turn
back“(使)原路返回，使往回走”；look
into“调查，审查”；turn
down“拒绝”。故选D。]
12．A.confident
B．reliable
C．cheerful
D．sensitive
答案　A　[有了勇敢和自信，才敢面对他人。用confident正合适。]
13．A.picked
up
B．brought
out
C．ended
up
D．cut
down
答案　C　[偷Tony午餐的男孩吃了很辣的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )香肠三明治，结果被辣哭了，不停地咳嗽。end
up“(尤指经历一系列意料之外的事情后)最终处于……”，符合语境。]
14．A.promised
B．threatened
C．decided
D．started
答案　B　[另一个年龄较大的男孩威胁要打Tony。threaten“威胁，恐吓”，符合语境。]
15．A.cruelly
B．proudly
C．determinedly
D．carelessly
答案　C　[从上文可知，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )此时Tony的心态已变得自信、勇敢，Tony是坚定勇敢地看着这个男孩，故选C。determinedly“坚定地，坚决地”。]
16．A.numbers
B．feelings
C．names
D．changes
答案　A　[根据后文中的“__17__
you
hit
me
I'll
call
them”可知，Tony告诉男孩的是电话号码。]
17．A.As
B．If
C．Though
D．Unless
答案　B　[如果你打“我”的话，“我”就会给他们打电话。]
18．A.withdrew
B．recovered
C．sheltered
D．suffered
答案　A　[男孩转过身，离开了现场。withdraw“撤回，撤离”，符合语境。]
19．A.improved
B．failed
C．survived
D．worked
答案　D　[根据下文可知，Tony的策略起作用了。work“奏效”。]
20．A.proved
B．guaranteed
C．concluded
D．foresaw
答案　B　[他甚至没有伤害任何人就吓走了他们，并且保证了没人会再给他制造麻烦。]
二、阅读理解
（一）
阅读下列短文,
从给的四个选项
(A、B、C和D)
中,
选出最佳选项。
Close
your
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yes
for
a
minute
and
imagine
what
life
would
be
like
if
you
had
a
hundred
dollars
less.Also
imagine
what
it
would
be
like
spending
the
rest
of
your
life
with
your
eyes
closed.Imagine
having
to
read
this
page，not
with
your
eyes
but
with
your
finger tips.
With
existing
medic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
knowledge
and
skills，two thirds
of
the
world's
42
million
blind
should
not
have
to
suffer.Unfortunately，rich
countries
possess
most
of
this
knowledge，while
developing
countries
do
not.
ORBIS
is
an
interna
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tional
non profit
organization
which
operates
the
world's
only
flying
teaching
eye
hospital.ORBIS
intends
to
help
fight
blindness
worldwide.Inside
a
DC 8
aircraft，there
is
a
fully equipped
teaching
hospital
with
television
studio
and
classroom.Doctors
are
taught
the
latest
techniques
of
bringing
sight
back
to
people
here.Project
ORBIS
also
aims
at
promoting
peaceful
cooperation(合作)
among
countries.
ORBIS
tries
to
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lp
developing
countries
by
providing
training
during
three week
medical
programs.ORBIS
has
taught
sight saving
techniques
to
over
35,000
doctors
and
nurses，who
continue
to
cure
tens
of
thousands
of
blind
people
every
year.ORBIS
has
conducted
17
plane
programs
in
China
so
far.For
the
seven
to
ten
million
blind
in
China，ORBIS
is
planning
to
do
more
for
them.At
the
moment
an
ORBIS
team
is
working
on
a
long term
plan
to
develop
a
training
center
and
to
provide
eye
care
services
to
Shanxi
Province.ORBIS
needs
your
help
to
continue
their
work
and
free
people
from
blindness.
For
just
US
$38，you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can
help
one
person
see；for
$380
you
can
bring
sight
to
10
people；$1,300
helps
teach
a
doctor
new
skills；and
for
$13,000
you
can
provide
a
training
program
for
a
group
of
doctors
who
can
make
thousands
of
blind
people
see
again.Your
money
can
open
their
eyes
to
the
world.Please
help
ORBIS
improve
the
quality
of
life
for
so
many
people
less
fortunate
than
ourselves.
1．The
first
paragraph
is
intended
to
________.
A．introduce
a
new
way
of
reading
B．advise
the
public
to
lead
a
simple
life
C．direct
the
public's
attention
to
the
blind
D．encourage
the
public
to
use
imagination
2．What
do
we
learn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
about
existing
medical
knowledge
and
skills
in
the
world
A．They
are
adequate.
B．They
have
not
been
updated.
C．They
are
not
equally
distributed.
D．They
have
benefited
most
of
the
blind.
3．ORBIS
aims
to
help
the
blind
by
________.
A．teaching
medical
students
B．training
doctors
and
nurses
C．running
flying
hospitals
globally
D．setting
up
non profit
organizations
4．What
does
the
author
try
to
do
in
the
last
paragraph
A．Appeal
for
donations.
B．Make
an
advertisement.
C．Promote
training
programs.
D．Show
sympathy
for
the
blind.
5．What
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．ORBIS
in
China
B．Fighting
Blindness
C．ORBIS
Flying
Hospital
D．Sight saving
Techniques
答案：
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )绍一个旨在帮助失明人士的组织——ORBIS。大家行动起来和ORBIS一起，来帮助那些失明的朋友们。小小的捐助，就可以使他们和我们一样去感受这个世界的美好。
1．C　解析：考查写作意图。综观全文，作者希望大众通过想象失明人士的生活，以此引起人们对失明人士的关注，故选C。
2．C　解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句话可知目前的医疗知识和技术分配不均衡。
3．B　解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段和第四段首句可知ORBIS通过培训医务人员来帮助失明人士。
4．A　解析：考查段落大意。由文章最后一段中不同金额的捐款所能产生的积极效果可知，最后作者是号召大众捐款帮助提高失明人士的生活质量。
5．C　解析：考查标题判断。本文关键词为ORBIS，文章通篇都在介绍ORBIS通过他们的flying
hospital帮助失明人士。
（二）
阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。D
Try
rubbing(摩擦)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
tip
of
your
finger
backwards
and
forwards
very
quickly
on
your
coat
or
a
blanket.
It
should
become
hot.
In
cold
weather
we
sometimes
rub
our
hands
together
to
make
them
warm.
The
rubbing
of
two
together
which
causes
heat
is
called
“friction”(摩擦力).
In
the
same
way,
people
who
lived
in
caves
rubbed
a
piece
of
wood
shaped
like
a
pencil
on
another
piece
of
wood
with
dried
leaves
or
grass
packed
nearby.
The
heat
set
the
leaves
or
grass
alight.
This
was
a
difficult
way
of
making
fire.
Better
ways
were
found
by
using
flint(火石),
but
it
was
not
until
1827
that
the
first
matches
were
made
in
England.
Chemists
made
up
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mixture
and
put
it
on
an
end
of
a
stick
or
match.
The
mixture
contained
a
small
amount
of
phosphorous(磷),
a
chemical
that
bursts
into
flame
when
heated
slightly.
The
other
chemicals
then
caught
fire
and
burned
less
fiercely
until
the
wood
was
alight.
By
rubbing
the
end
of
the
match
on
sandpaper,
the
friction
easily
set
the
phosphorous
alight.
These
first
matches
could
also
be
struck
on
other
rough
surfaces,
including
the
leather
sole（底）of
a
shoe.
At
the
time,
everyone
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
thought
this
was
a
wonderful
invention.
Unfortunately
accidents
happened.
A
whole
box
of
matches
would
suddenly
catch
fire
if
it
was
heated.
Imagine
this
happening
to
someone
warming
themselves
by
a
fire
with
a
box
of
matches
in
his
or
her
pocket!
Even
loose
matches
in
a
handbag
or
pocket
could
rub
together
and
catch
fire.
What
was
neede
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
was
a
match
that
would
only
light
if
struck
on
a
special
surface.
In
1852,
the
safety
match
was
invented
in
Sweden.
No
phosphorous
was
used
in
the
matchhead—it
was
put
on
the
outside
of
the
matchbox
instead.
This
made
it
impossible
for
the
match
to
light
unless
it
was
rubbed
along
the
box
on
the
special
surface
which
contained
sandpaper
mixed
with
a
little
phosphorous.
1.
Why
did
people
u
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
dried
leaves
or
grass
to
pack
another
piece
of
wood
A.
The
leaves
or
grass
is
easy
to
be
alight.
B.
The
leaves
or
grass
covered
the
wood
well.
C.
The
leaves
or
grass
help
the
air
cause
heat.
D.
The
leaves
or
grass
acted
as
the
role
of
match
.
2、What
did
the
chemists
make
the
match
of
in
1827
Leather
sole,
sandpaper
and
leaves.
B.
Wood,
leather
sole
and
sandpaper.
C.
Phosphorous,
wood
and
sandpaper.
D.
Phosphorous,
sandpaper
and
flint.
3.
If
a
match
was
struck
on
a
special
surface,
we
could
see_____.
A.
loose
matches
could
catch
fire
fiercely
B.
phosphorous
wasn’t
needed
in
the
match
C.
there
were
matches
and
sandpaper
in
pockets.
D.
loose
matches
in
pockets
wouldn’t
catch
fire
at
a
time.
参考答案1—3、ACD
三、短文改错
(2014·四川高考)
Hello，boys
and
girl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s！Today，I
am
going
to
talk
with
what
you
should
do
when
a
fire
alarm
go
off.If
you
hear
the
alarm，stand
in
line
at
the
door
and
wait
your
teacher
to
lead
you
outside.Stay
close
to
your
teacher
and
classmate.Don't
panic
or
get
out
of
line，and
trying
to
remain
quiet
and
calmly.Soon
the
firefighters
will
come
and
put
out
a
fire.If
it's
a
false
alarm
and
there
is
no
fire，your
teacher
will
lead
us
back
to
the
classroom.If
you
notice
that
when
someone
is
missing
and
hurt，tell
your
teacher
immediately.
【语篇导读】　这是一篇实用文体，向读者介绍遇到火警时的正确做法。
1．解析　talk
with后面常跟指人的词，意思是“同某人交谈”。talk
about
意为“谈论”。
答案　with→about
2．解析　表达客观事实通常使用一般现在时态。a
fire
alarm为单数名词，故谓语动词应当用单数第三人称形式。
答案　go→goes
3．解析　wait为不及物动词，后跟宾语时要加上介词for。
答案　在wait之后加上for
4．解析　classmate为可数名词，此处应当用复数形式。
答案　classmate→classmates
5．解析　根据and一词可知本句与前面的祈使句并列，所以应当用动词原形。
答案　trying→try
6．解析　由并列连词and可知本词与quiet都作系动词remain的表语。故词性应与quiet一致。
答案　calmly→calm
7．解析　前文已提到火灾，这里特指那场火。
答案　a→the
8．解析　根据短文意思可知这是老师告诉同学们的一些注意事项。用的均是第二人称。
答案　us→you
9．解析　宾语从句中使用了两个连接词，根据句意“如果你们注意到有人失踪或受伤……”可知when是多余的。
答案　去掉when
10．解析　如果某人失踪了，就无法判断他受伤与否。这两个词之间是选择关系，故用or。
答案　and→or