人教版2017高考英语句式总结及练习：必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes（附答案）

人教版2017高考英语句式总结及练习：必修1Unit4（附答案）
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经典句式
1．In
the
farmyards，t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
chickens
and
even
the
pigs
were
too
nervous
to
eat.
在农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。
2．It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
3．Thousands
of
famili
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
were
killed
and
many
children
were
left
without
parents.
成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。
4．All
hope
was
not
lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
5．The
army
organized
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teams
to
dig
out
those
who
were
trapped
and
to
bury
the
dead.
部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
课文语法填空
Several
days
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )before
July
28,1976，many
strange
things
happened
in
Tangshan.The
water
in
the
village
wells
rose
1.and
fell.The
water
pipes
in
some
buildings
cracked
and
burst.2.They
were
signs
for
the
earthquake.But
people
in
the
city
didn’t
think
much
3.of
these.At
3：42
am
that
day，the
earth
began
to
shake，4.which
destroyed
the
city.Many
people,5.including(include)
workers
and
doctors，came
to
rescue
those
6.trapped(trap)
under
the
ruins.7.Later(late)
that
afternoon，another
big
quake
struck
Tangshan.More
people
8.were
killed(kill)
or
injured
and
9.more(many)
buildings
fell
down.Soldiers
were
called
in
to
help
the
rescue
workers.Teams
were
organized
to
dig
out
10.the
trapped
and
to
bury
the
dead.
训练题
一、完形填空
（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
体裁：夹叙夹议文　话题：学习方法　词数：296　时间：16′
Everybody
knows
how
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
learn.Learning
is
a
natural
thing.It
begins
the
__1__
we
are
born.Our
first
teachers
are
our
families.At
home
we
learn
to
talk
and
to
__2__
and
feed
ourselves.We
learn
these
and
other
skills
by
__3__．
Then
we
go
to
sch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool.A
teacher
tells
us
__4__
to
learn
and
how
to
learn.Many
teachers
teach
us，and
we
pass
many
exams.Then
people
say
we
are
__5__．
Are
we
really
edu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cated？Let's
__6__
the
real
meaning
of
learning.Knowing
facts
does
not
__7__
being
able
to
solve
problems.Solving
problems
requires
creativity，not
just
a
good
__8__．Some
people
who
don't
know
many
__9__
can
also
be
good
at
solving
problems.
Henry
Ford
is
a
good
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_10__．He
left
school
at
the
age
of
15.Later，when
his
company
could
not
build
cars
__11__
enough，he
solved
the
problem.He
__12__
of
the
assembly
line.Today
the
answer
seems
__13__．Yet，just
think
of
the
many
university
graduates
who
__14__
solve
any
problems.
What
does
a
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood
teacher
do？Does
he
__15__
students
facts
to
remember？Well，yes，we
must
sometimes
remember
facts.But
a
good
teacher
__16__
how
to
find
answers.He
brings
us
to
the
stream
of
knowledge
so
we
can
think
for
ourselves.When
we
are
__17__，we
know
where
to
go.
True
learnin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
combines
intake
with
output.We
take
information
__18__
our
brains.Then
we
use
it.Think
of
a
__19__；it
stores
a
lot
of
information，but
it
can't
think.It
only
obeys
commands.A
person
who
only
remembers
facts
hasn't
really
learned.Learning
takes
__20__
only
when
a
person
can
use
what
he
knows.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要围绕“学习是怎么一回事”进行了探讨。
1．A.month
B．minute
C．time
D．day
答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：学习
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从我们一出生就开始了。month意为“月”；minute意为“分钟”；time“时间”；day意为“日，天”。名词短语the
minute作连词，引导时间状语从句时，意为“一……就……”，符合语境。故选B。]
2．A.wear
B．put
on
C．have
on
D．dress
答案　D　[考查动词辨析。句意：在家
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )里，我们学说话、学穿衣、学着自己吃饭。四个选项都有“穿，戴”之意。dress与空后的“ourselves”构成固定搭配，意为“穿衣服”。故选D。]
3．A.asking
B．listening
C．following
D．drilling
答案　C　[考查动词辨析。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们学会这些以及其他的技能都是通过模仿。ask意为“问”；listen意为“听”；follow意为“跟随，模仿”；drill意为“练习”。根据语境和常识可知，说话、吃饭、穿衣都是模仿而学得的。故选C。]
4．A.what
B．when
C．that
D．who
答案　A　[考查连词辨析。句意：后来我
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们来到学校，老师告诉我们要学些什么，以及如何学。根据语境和常识可知，学校老师教授学生学习的内容和方法，所谓“传道授业解惑”。故选A。]
5．A.controlled
B．educated
C．suffered
D．passed
答案　B　[考查动词辨析。句意：于
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是，人们会说我们受过教育。control意为“控制”；educate意为“教育”；suffer意为“遭受，忍受”；pass意为“通过”。根据下句“Are
we
really
educated？”可知，此处表示“受过教育”。故选B。]
6．A.pick
up
B．turn
away
C．set
out
D．think
about
答案　D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )让我们来仔细考虑一下学习的真正意义。pick
up意为“拾起，学会”；turn
away意为“转身离开”；set
out意为“出发”；think
about意为“考虑”。根据语境可知，此处表示“认真考虑、反思”。故选D。]
7．A.mean
B．say
C．suggest
D．show
答案　A　[考查动词辨析。句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意：知道一些事情并不意味着能够解决问题。mean意为“意味着”；say意为“说”；suggest意为“建议”；show意为“展示”。根据上句中的“the
real
meaning
of
learning”可知，此处表示“意味着”。故选A。]
8．A.word
B．thing
C．memory
D．condition
答案　C　[考查名词辨析。句意：解决
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )问题要求有创造力，而不仅仅是凭借良好的记忆力。word意为“单词”；thing意为“事情”；memory意为“记忆”；condition意为“条件，状况”。此处与上句中的“Knowing
facts”相呼应，表示“良好的记忆力”。故选C。]
9．A.people
B．facts
C．techniques
D．ways
答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：一些并不
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )博学的人也有很好的解决问题的能力。people意为“人”；fact意为“事实”；technique意为“技术”；way意为“方法”。根据上文中的“Knowing
facts”可知，答案选B。]
10．A.learner
B．teacher
C．example
D．driver
答案　C　[考查名词辨析。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：Henry
Ford就是一个很好的例子。learner意为“学习者”；teacher意为“老师”；example意为“例子”；driver意为“司机”。根据上下文语境可知，此处作者举例说明。故选C。]
11．A.new
B．fast
C．beautiful
D．cheap
答案　B　[考查形容词辨析。句意：后
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来，当他的公司不能足够快地生产汽车时，他解决了这个问题。new意为“新的”；fast意为“快地”；beautiful意为“漂亮的”；cheap意为“廉价的”。根据下句中的“the
assembly
line”可知，生产线大幅度地提高了生产力。由此推知，答案选B。]
12．A.complained
B．heard
C．talked
D．thought
答案　D　[考查动词辨析。句意：他想
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到了用生产线的方法解决生产率低的问题。complain
of意为“抱怨”；hear
of意为“听说”；talk
of意为“谈起”；think
of意为“想起”。根据上句中的“he
solved
the
problem”可知，Ford想到了办法。故选D。]
13．A.ordinary
B．strange
C．simple
D．special
答案　C　[考查形容词辨析。句意：今天
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看来，答案相当简单。ordinary意为“普通的”；strange意为“奇怪的”；simple意为“简单的”；special意为“特别的”。根据常识可知，现在这个问题已经不是问题了，相当简单。故选C。]
14．A.never
B．almost
C．seldom
D．ever
答案　A　[考查副词辨析。句意：然而，想想
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )许多大学生从来都不曾解决过任何问题吧，这样你就觉得Ford很了不起了。never意为“绝不”；almost意为“几乎”；seldom意为“很少”；ever意为“曾经”。根据本句中“Yet”的转折可知，此处与上文形成强烈对比。故选A。]
15．A.make
B．understand
C．master
D．give
答案　D　[考查动词辨析。句意：他
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )会给学生许多事实去记忆吗？make意为“制造，使得”；understand意为“理解”；master意为“掌握”；give意为“给”。根据下句中的“He
brings
us
to
the
stream
of
knowledge...”可知，此处是指“老师是否呈现一些事实给学生来记忆”。故选D。]
16．A.knows
B．shows
C．orders
D．encourages
答案　B　[考查动词辨析。句意：但是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个好的老师要展示的是如何去寻求答案。know意为“知道”；show意为“展现，显示，向……演示”；order意为“命令”；encourage意为“鼓励”。根据语境和常识可知，一个好的老师所要向学生展示的是学习的方法。故选B。]
17．A.thirsty
B．tired
C．bored
D．free
答案　A　[考查形容词辨析。句意：当我
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们渴的时候，我们知道去哪里寻求水源。thirsty意为“渴的”；tired意为“累的”；bored意为“厌倦的”；free意为“自由的，免费的”。此处与上句比喻中的“the
stream”相呼应，指“当我们渴的时候”。故选A。]
18．A.of
B．for
C．about
D．into
答案　D　[考查介词辨析。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们把信息输入我们的大脑。of意为“……的”；for意为“为了，对于”；about意为“关于”；into意为“进入”。此处与上句中的“intake”相呼应，指“将信息存入大脑”。故选D。]
19．A.radio
B．computer
C．record
D．machine
答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：就
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )像一台电脑。它能存储很多东西，但是它不能思考。radio意为“收音机”；computer意为“电脑”；record意为“纪录，唱片”；machine意为“机器”。根据下句“it
stores
a
lot
of
information，but
it
can't
think.It
only
obeys
commands.”可知，此处是拿人脑和电脑作类比。故选B。]
20．A.measures
B．notes
C．place
D．time
答案　C　[考查名词辨析。句意：只有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )当一个人能够运用他所知道的知识时，学习这个过程才会发生。take
measures意为“采取措施”；take
notes意为“记笔记”；take
place意为“发生”；take
time意为“花时间”。take
place符合语境。故选C。]
二、阅读理解
（一）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2015·福建)
Life
can
be
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
wonderful，full
of
adventure
and
joy.It
can
also
be
full
of
challenges，setbacks(挫折)
and
heartbreaks.Whatever
our
circumstances，we
generally
still
have
dreams，hopes
and
desires—that
little
something
more
we
want
for
ourselves
and
our
loved
ones.Yet
knowing
we
can
have
more
can
also
create
a
problem，because
when
we
go
to
change
the
way
we
do
things，up
come
the
old
patterns
and
pitfalls(陷阱)
that
stopped
us
from
seeking
what
we
wanted
in
the
first
place.
This
tension
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )between
what
we
feel
we
can
have
and
what
we're
seemingly
able
to
have
is
the
niggling(烦人的)
suffering，the
anxiety
we
feel.This
is
where
we
usually
think
it's
easier
to
just
give
up.But
we're
never
meant
to
let
go
of
the
part
of
us
that
knows
we
can
have
more.The
intelligence
behind
that
knowing
is
us—the
real
us.It's
the
part
that
believes
in
life
and
its
possibilities.If
you
drop
that，you
begin
to
feel
a
little
“dead”
inside
because
you're
dropping
“you”．
So，if
we
have
this
ca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pability
but
somehow
life
seems
to
keep
us
stuck，how
do
we
break
these
patterns
Decide
on
a
new
course
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
and
make
one
decision
at
a
time.This
is
good
advice
for
a
new
adventure
or
just
getting
through
today's
challenges.
While，deep
down，we
kno
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w
we
can
do
it，our
mind—or
the
minds
of
those
close
to
us—usually
says
we
can't.That
isn't
a
reason
to
stop;
it's
just
the
mind，that
little
man
or
woman
on
your
shoulder，trying
to
talk
you
out
of
something
again.It
has
done
it
many
times
before.It's
all
about
starting
simple
and
doing
it
now.
Decide
and
act
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
before
overthinking.When
you
do
this
you
may
feel
a
little，or
large，release_from_the_jail_of_your_mind
and
you'll
be
on
your
way.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了在我们想要放弃的时候改变这种模式的一种方法就是重新选择目标并且迅速做出决定。
1．It
can
be
infe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rred
from
the
first
two
paragraphs
that
we
should
________.
A．slow
down
and
live
a
simple
life
B．be
careful
when
we
choose
to
change
C．stick
to
our
dreams
under
any
circumstances
D．be
content
with
what
we
already
have
答案：C　细节理解题。文章第一段第三句Wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atever
our
circumstances，we
generally
still
have
dreams，hopes
and
desires说不管在什么情况下，我们仍然有着梦想、希望和欲望。以及第二段最后一句If
you
drop
that，you
begin
to
feel
a
little
“dead”inside
because
you're
dropping
“you”．如果你放弃了，你的内心会变得了无生机，因为你放下了你自己。故选C。
2．What
is
the
key
to
breaking
the
old
patterns
A．To
focus
on
every
detail.
B．To
decide
and
take
immediate
action.
C．To
listen
to
those
close
to
us.
D．To
think
twice
before
we
act.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一句Decide
on
a
new
course
and
make
one
decision
at
a
time.可以知道为了打破旧格局需要决定一个新目标并且立刻做出决定。故选B。
3．Which
of
the
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing
best
explains
the
underlined
part
in
the
last
paragraph
A．Escape
from
your
punishment.
B．Realization
of
your
dreams.
C．Freedom
from
your
tension.
D．Reduction
of
your
expectations.
答案：C　推理判断题。根据画线句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子可知其本意是逃出你内心的牢笼。结合上文中在过多思考之前快速决定和行动可以推测这个画线句子是指要从过多考虑的焦虑中解放自己。故选C。
4．What
does
the
author
intend
to
tell
us
A．It's
easier
than
we
think
to
get
what
we
want.
B．It's
important
to
learn
to
accept
sufferings
in
life.
C．It's
impractical
to
change
our
way
of
thinking.
D．It's
harder
than
we
expect
to
follow
a
new
course.
答案：A　写作意图题。从全文来看，作者主要是想要强调果断的行动而不是空想来实现自己的梦想和欲望，比起想要成功，行动更加容易。故选A。
（二）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
Since
I
started
wor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )king
part-time
at
a
grocery
store,
I
have
learned
that
a
customer
is
more
than
someone
who
buys
things.
To
me,
a
customer
is
a
person
whose
memory
fails
entirely
once
he
or
she
starts
to
push
a
shopping
cart(车).
One
of
the
first
things
customers
forget
is
how
to
count.
There
is
no
other
way
to
explain
how
so
many
people
get
in
their
express
line,
which
is
clearly
marked
15
items(件)
or
less,
with
20,
25
or
even
a
cart
load
of
items.
Customers
also
fo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rget
why
they
came
to
the
store
in
the
first
place.
Just
as
I
finish
ringing
up
an
order,
a
customer
will
say,
“
Oops,
I
forgot
to
pick
up
a
fresh
loaf
of
bread.
I
hope
you
don’t
mind
waiting,
while
I
go
to
get
it.”Five
minutes
later,
he’s
back
with
the
bread,
a
bottle
of
milk,
and
three
rolls
of
paper
towels.
What
is
stranger
is
that
customers
also
seem
to
forget
that
they
have
to
pay
for
their
groceries.
Instead
of
writing
a
check
or
looking
for
a
credit
card
while
I
am
ringing
up
the
groceries,
a
customer
will
wait
until
I
announce
the
total.
Then,
in
surprise,
she
says
,
“
Oh
no,
what
did
I
do
with
my
check
book ”
After
5
minutes
of
digging
through
her
purse,
she
borrows
my
pen
because
she
has
forgotten
hers.
But
I
have
to
tolerate
customers
because
they
pay
my
salary,
and
that’s
something
I
can’t
afford
to
forget.
1.
What
does
the
author
say
about
his
customers
A
.They
can
not
count
numbers.
B.
They
sometimes
jump
the
queue.
C.
They
don’t
know
how
to
express
themselves.
D.
They
behave
as
if
their
memories
had
totally
failed.
2.
According
to
the
text,
who
are
supposed
to
be
in
the
express
line
A
Customers
with
nothing
purchased.
B.
Customers
with
not
more
than
15
items.
C.
Customers
with
items
between
15
and
25
3.
When
customers
arrive
at
the
check-out
counter,they_______
A.
find
their
pens
lost
B.
go
back
and
get
more
items
C.
can
not
wait
to
pay
for
their
groceries.
D.
prefer
paying
by
check
to
paying
with
a
credit
card.
4.
We
can
infer
from
the
text
that
________
A.
business
in
the
grocery
store
runs
well
B.
the
author
finds
his
present
job
full
of
fun
C.
the
author’s
part-time
job
calls
for
patience
D.
customers
go
to
grocery
stores
without
planning.
参考答案1~4
DBBC
三、短文改错
(2014·陕西高考)
My
father
took
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out
camping
for
the
first
time
when
I
was
seven.He
wanted
teach
me
about
animals，insects
and
trees.My
uncles
all
come
along
with
bows
and
arrows
for
hunting.
One
evening
at
suns
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et，we
sat
by
the
fire，have
our
barbecue.Just
then
a
bird
was
flying
over
us.My
uncles
immediate
jumped
up
and
shot
their
arrows
on
the
bird.Neither
of
the
arrows
hit
the
target.Suddenly
the
arrows
was
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky－they
were
looked
like
rain！We
ran
to
escape
but
fortunately
no
one
was
injured.
That
day
I
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )idn't
learn
much
about
animals，insects
or
trees，but
I
learnt
a
impressive
lesson
about
gravity!
1．解析　考查非谓语动词。want
to
do
sth想要做某事，为固定搭配。
答案　He
wanted后加to
2．解析　考查动词时态。本文的主体时态为一般过去时。
答案　My
uncles
all
come
改为came
3．解析　考查非谓语动词。一个句子只能有一个谓语动词，因此此处应为非谓语动词作伴随状语。
答案　One
evening
at
sunset，we
sat
by
the
fire，have
改为having
4．解析　考查形容词副词修饰关系。副词修饰后面的动词jumped
up。
答案　My
uncles
immediate
改为immediately
5．解析　考查介词的使用。shoo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
at...朝……射击。下文的Suddenly
the
arrows
was
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky.也给本句提供了答案。
答案　shot
their
arrows
on
the
bird...把on改为at
6．解析　考查不定代词。根据前文的arrows一词可以看出，此处不是只有两只箭，因此把Neither改为None，表示三支以上。
答案　Neither
of
the
arrows
hit
the
target.Neither改为
None
7．解析　考查主谓一致。主语为复数形式arrows，谓语动词应用复数。
答案　Suddenly
the
arrows
was
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky.was改为were
8．解析　考查语态。look作为系动词，无需用被动语态。
答案　...they
were
looked
like
rain！去掉were
9．解析　考查连词。根据句意：我们跑开了，幸运的是，没有人受伤。可以看出，此处为承接关系，并非转折关系。
答案　We
ran
to
escape
but
fortunately
no
one
was
injured.but改为and
10．解析　考查冠词的使用。后面的impressive一词第一个读音为元音，因此用an。
答案　I
learnt
a
impressive
lesson
about
gravity，a改为an