B2U2 Be sporty, be healthy Reading language points课件（共40张）

(共40张PPT)
Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy
Welcome to the unit & Reading
Language points
Important words
1. ____________n. 恭喜；祝贺；贺辞，恭贺 ___________ vt. 祝贺；向……道喜
2. _______ vt. 假定，认为；承担（责任），就（职）；呈现，显露 ___________ n. 假定；设想；担任；采取________ adj. 假定的；假装的
3. ___________ vi. 往往会，趋向；vt. 照看 _____________ n. 倾向；趋势；癖好
4. _______ vt.减少，缩小 ____________ n. 减少；下降；缩小；降低 ____________ adj. 可减少的；可缩减的；可还原的
5. ____________ n. 活动，转动；移动，运动 _______vt. 移动；搬家；使感动；推动；使运转 _____ adj. 可移动的；活动的；动人的，令人感动的
6. ________ n. 能，能量；精力；能源 ________adj. 精力充沛的；积极的；有力的
7. _______n. 伤害，损伤________ v. 伤害；损害；使受伤________adj. 受伤的，有伤的
8. _______vt. 阻止，阻碍 ____________n. 预防；防止；阻止
9. ____________ n. 设备；配备，装备 ______ vt. 装备，配备；使具备
10. ____________ vt. 宣布，宣告 ___________ n. 公告，通告；宣布，宣告
11. ____________ n. 冠军，第一名 ____________ n. 锦标赛，冠军赛；冠军称号
congratulation
congratulate
assume
assumption
assumed
tend
tendency
reduce
reduction
reducive
movement
move
moving
energy
energetic
injury
injure
injured
prevent
prevention
equipment
equip
announce
announcemnet
champion
championship
Understanding the benefits of exercise
take first step towards sth(line 1)
regular exercise (line 4)
do wonders for(line 4)
to start with (line 5)
physical activity(line 5)
increse the efficiency of your heart and lungs(line 5)
over the long term(line 7)
迈向通往...的第一步
规律锻炼
对...有奇效
首先，开始
体育运动
增强心肺效率
从长期看来
it has been proven that... (line 7)
tend to do sth (line 8)
immune systems (line 8)
be at lower risk of...(line 8)
work out (line 9)
get over negative feelings (line 10)
exercise one’s way to sth (line 12)
据证实
往往会做某事，倾向于做某事
免疫系统
处于更低的风险中
锻炼；计算，算出；
克服消极情绪
通过锻炼达到...
1.congratulation n. (pl.)祝贺，恭喜；恭贺；
u.n.祝贺 the act of congratulating
congratulations (to sb) on sth 为某事（向某人）祝贺
offer /send one’s congratulations to sb on sth 向某人致以祝贺
拓展 congratulate vt. 向（某人）道贺，祝贺
congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人（做了）某事
e.g. I congratulated him on his success.
= I offered my congratulations to him on his success.
Practise:
1)He sent her a letter of _________________on her election victory.
2)I had hoped to send Peter a gift___________________(祝贺)
him ____ his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
3)---John and I will celebrate our 10th wedding anniversary next week.
---Oh, __________________(恭喜)!
4)许多亲戚朋友都对他们的银婚表示祝贺。
Many relatives and friends_____________________their silver wedding.
=Many relatives and friends______________________
___________________________their silver wedding.
congratulation 　
on 　
to congratulate 　
congratulations 　
congratulated them on　
offered/ sent their
congratulations to them on　
assume v．假定；设想；承担；假装
assume sb./sth.＋adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is assumed that... 认为……
assuming (that)... 假设……
assumption c. n. 假定，假设
make an assumption 认为，假定
on the assumption that... 假定……，假设……
e.g. We were wrong to assume that she'd agree.
我们错误地以为她会同意。
2. Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for your body and mind. （Line 4）
翻译：
大多数人认为经常锻炼对身心有奇效
Practise: 指出下列句中assume的含义
They are assumed to be foreigners.
Developed countries should assume the responsibility of helping undeveloped countries.
Mr White will assume the role of CEO.
His actions were based on a false ____________(assume).
____________(assume)that we can’t get the necessary equipment,we will have to give up the experiment.
_______________________________(普遍认为)women are normally more sensitive than men.
assumption 　
Assuming 　
It is generally assumed that 　
认为 　
承担 　
就职 　
事实也证明，经常运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。
3. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(Line 7-9)
翻译：
注：It has also been proven that为主语从句，it为形式主语，that后面为真正的主语
其他句型：
It is believed that... 据认为……
It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is thought that... 大家认为……
It is suggested that... 有人建议……
3. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(Line 7-9)
tend to do...　 往往会；倾向于做……
tend towards sth. 倾向于
tend (to) sb. 照料
tendency n. 趋势，倾向性
have a tendency to do... 倾向于做……
e.g., There is a growing tendency among employers to hire casual staff.雇主雇用临时职员有增加的趋势。
tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看
3. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(Line 7-9)
tend vi.&vt. (1)vt. 往往会，常常就 tend to do sth
When I’m tired, I tend to make mistakes.
(2)vi. 倾向，趋向 tend to/towards sth
His views tend towards the extreme.
(3)vt./vi.照料，照管，护理 tend (to)sb/sth
Doctors and nurses are busy tending the injured.
拓展 tendency c.n.倾向，偏好；趋向，趋势
~ for sb/ sth ~ to do sth ~ to/ towards sth
have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
translation（翻译）：
I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous.
There is a tendency for this disease to run in families.
He has a bad temper, with a tendency towards violence.
Practice：
1)People ____________(往往认为)that the problem will never affect them.
2)There is a growing __________for people to work at home instead of in offices.
3)Prices __________(tend) downwards over recent years.
4)He has a strong natural __________ _________ caution.
他天生非常小心谨慎。
tend to think 　
tendecny 　
has tended 　
tendecny　
towards 　
Planning your exercise routine
plan an exercise routine (line 13)
the first thing to consider(line 14)
stretch one’s muscles (line 20)
improve your body’s range of movement (line 20)
play a role in ... (line 21)
above all (line 22)
stick with (line 23)
计划一个锻炼常规
首先要考虑的事情
拉伸肌肉
改善身体的活动范围
在…… 中起作用
首先；尤其是；最重要的是
坚持
4. When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.（Line 14-16）
翻译：
注：what引导表语从句，主句为 the first thing to consider is，从句为you expect to improve，从句部分不完整，缺少expect后的宾语部分，宾语部分为物，用what引导。
制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善，是心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。
4. When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.
注：
被修饰词前有the next, the only, the last，the very等+to do
time，way，ability，reason，chance，courage， opportunity等后常用不定式作定语。
不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定语。
(2024 年新课标全国 Ⅰ 卷）The ability __________(think) logically and solve problems is what employers value most in job candidates.
(2023 年新课标全国 Ⅰ 卷）He is the only one ________(come) up with a practical solution to the problem.
(2022 年新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷）She had the courage _________ (speak) out against the injustice.
(2021 年新高考全国 Ⅰ 卷）I have something important ______(tell) you.
这是提高英语的一个好机会。
6. 适应新环境的能力非常重要
to think
to come
to speak
to tell
This is a good chance to improve English.
The ability to adapt to new environment is very important.
5. Flexibility training，including gymnastics and tai chi, helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement.(Line 19-21)
翻译：
stretchvt. &vi. 伸展，舒展； 拉长，撑大；伸出；延伸
stretch out/stretch oneself out 躺下（休息）
stretch out one’s hand 伸出某人的手
stretch one’s legs 散散步，活动活动腿脚
柔韧性训练，包括体操和太极拳，有助于伸展肌肉，改善身体的运动范围。
5. Flexibility training，including gymnastics and tai chi, helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement.(Line 19-21)
a wide range of　 一系列……
within/in the range of 在……范围
beyond one's range 某人能力达不到的
range from A to B 在A到B的范围内变动
range n. (变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列
The company offers a wide range of products.
The temperature should be kept within the range of 20 - 25 degrees Celsius.
Prices range from $10 to $100.
Solving this advanced mathematical problem is beyond my range.
Practise
1) The national park has _____ wide range of wildlife,
__________ from butterflies to elephants.
2) He is expecting a salary ______________(在范围内) 30,000 to 50,000.
3) Such conversations usually cover ______________________(各种各样的话题).
4) 这些城市的人口在300万到500万之间。
The population of these cities ____________ 3 million ________ 5 million.
a 　
ranging 　
in the range of 　
a wide range of topics 　
ranges between
and
Eating and drinking right
keep up your energy (line 27)
(be) rich in protein (line 29)
in general(line 30)
a typical routine (line 33)
make up for water(line 34)
保持精力
富含蛋白质
一般来说；通常；大体上
一个典型的日常安排
补充水分
cars and our bodies are _______
Like cars that run on petrol,
your body burns carbohydrates for energy.
analogy
similar
In what way does the following sentence impress you
类比
carbohydrates and petrol are _______
similar
1. Appropriate praise to a child is what_________
is to _________
2. Writing a book of poetry is like dropping a rose petal down the Grand Canyon and waiting for the echo.（译）
Try to finish the following sentences by using analogy
the sun
a flower
写一本有关诗歌的书如同将一片玫瑰花瓣扔进大峡谷等待它的回音。
6. When to eat is also of great importance. In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat immediately after exercise.(Line 30-32)
翻译：
注：be of ＋抽象名词＝be + 形容词。常见搭配：
be of importancebe=
of significance=
be of value=
be of use=
be of help=
什么时候吃饭也很重要。通常应该在运动前平均 1.5 到 2.5 小时进餐。运动后不要立即进食。
be important
be significant
be valuable
be useful
be helpful
6. When to eat is also of great importance. In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat immediately after exercise.(Line 30-32)
average n. 平均水平，一般水准，平均数
adj. 平均的；一般的，普通的
v. 算出…… 的平均数；求平均值;使平衡；使均等；
an average of ... 平均为......
on average平均
above/below average 高于/低于平均水平
up to (the) average 达到平均水平
Practise
1)40 hours ____(be) a fairly average working hour for most people.
2)Parents spend _____________3000 yuan a year on toys.
3)Every year 400 people die of this disease _____________(平均).
4)His salary is _______________(低于平均水平)in his
company, which makes him upset.
is 　
an average of 　
on average 　
below average 　
Avoiding injury
soft tissue injury (line 37)
work your way to sth (line 39)
avoid getting hurt (line 40)
warm up (line 40)
at the end of (line 41)
软组织挫伤
通过努力逐渐达到（某种目标或状态）
避免受伤
热身
在...的最后，在...的结束
prevent...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事
＝stop...(from) doing sth.
＝keep...from doing sth.
prevention n. [U]预防，防范
His fever may prevent/stop/keep him from playing in tomorrow's game.
他发烧了，这可能让他明天不能进行比赛。
Prevention is better than cure.
预防优于补救。
7. To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.(Line 37-38)
翻译
为了防止软组织损伤，在锻炼时一定要确保穿着合适的衣服并配备恰当的装备。
prevent vt.阻止，阻碍，阻挠
7. To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.(Line 37-38)
译文：为了防止软组织损伤，在锻炼时一定要确保穿着合适的衣服并配备恰当的装备。
when exercising：这是一个时间状语从句的省略形式，完整形式应该是 “when you are exercising”，在句子中表示 “在锻炼的时候”，用于限定主句动作发生的时间条件。
注意：当状语从句的主语与主句的主语_________(一致/不一致)，或从句主语为 it，并且从句的谓语动词中含有 be 动词时，常可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。省略后的状语从句通常有以下形式：_______________________
_______________________引导状语从句的连词如 when、while、if、as if、though、although、as、whether、once、whenever 等，在省略时有的可保留，有的也可省略。
（2024年新课标I卷阅读理解）We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection.
（2021 年全国高考新高考 I 卷）
He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.
While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.
She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.
He stood up as if (he were) to say something.
一致
连词+现在分词/过去分词、
adj, n,介词短语，不定式。
Timely practice:
While ________(walk) in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.
Though _________(defeat), he didn't lose heart.
He stood there as if _________ (wait) for someone.
如果给我更多时间，我会把工作做得更好。
当他被问到这个问题时，他不知道如何回答。
walking
If given more time, I will do the work better. 或 If I am given more time, I will do the work better.
When asked this question, he didn't know how to answer it.
defeated
waiting
① injury n．伤害，损伤
Several train passengers suffered serious injuries in the crash.
Mike is out of the basketball team because of a terrible head injury/a terrible injury to his head.
Don't do that.You'll do yourself an injury.
＝Don't do that. You'll do an injury to yourself.
Some people have been seriously injured in the road accident.
(1)do sb. an injury＝do an injury to sb. 使某人受伤害
(2)injure vt. 伤害，损害
injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 伤员
Practise
1)They suffered serious ____________ in the attack.
2)The firefighters couldn’t get close to the burning house in time, ___________(result) in several deaths and __________.
3)The ____________ (伤者) ______(be) rushed to a nearby hospital.
4)He seriously________（injury）his knee when playing basketball.
injuries 　
resulting 　
injuries 　
injuried 　
were 　
injuried　
② equipment n．设备；配备，装备
This piece of equipment is an exciting new development.
这台设备是一项振奋人心的最新研究成果。
A piece of equipment has been transported to this factory.
一台设备已被运到了这家工厂。
They spent a lot of money equipping the school with new computers.
他们花了很多钱给学校配备新电脑。
The rooms are equipped with video cameras.
房间里都装了摄像机。
(1)a piece of equipment 一件设备
office equipment 办公室设备
(2)equip vt. 装备，配备；使有能力，使有所准备
equip sb./sth. with sth. 给……配备……
equip sb. for sth. 使某人胜任……
be equipped with sth. 配备某物
即学即练　单句语法填空
①He ________ (equip) with much experience in teaching.
②A good education should equip you ________ life.
③Our factory develops and makes office ________ (equip) and teaching facilities.
④We should equip our children _____ a good education.
is equipped
for
equipment
with
8 .lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺　vt. & vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise.
He was fired by the boss for lack of skills.
It may be a good report, but it seems to lack (for) facts.
He is lacking in confidence.他缺乏信心。
＝He lacks confidence.
(1)(a) lack of 缺乏
for lack of... 由于缺乏……
(2)lack (for) sth. 缺乏某物
(3)lacking adj. 缺乏的
be lacking in... 缺少……
Practise
1)There is _________(缺少)parking space in our city.
2)The project was canceled______lack of money.
3)生活中并不缺少美。
There is __________________ in life .
4)尽管他缺乏经验，他还是得到了那份工作。
_________________experience, he got the job.
__________________________experience, he got the job.
5)他缺乏信心。
He _________________.
a lack of 　
for 　
no lack of beauty　
Despite his lack of
Although/ Though he lacked
lacks confidence
take your first step towards sth
do wonders (for sb/sth)
to start with
over the long term
tend to
be at lower risk of sth
work out
get over
exercise your way to sth
play a role in ...
1.迈出通往……的第一步
2.（为……）创造奇迹
3.首先
4.从长远来看
5.往往会……
6.发生……的风险更低
7.锻炼,计算
8.克服
9.通过锻炼来……
10.在……中起重要作用
Phrases
11. 最重要的是，尤其是
12. 很可能会……
13. 坚持，继续
14. 许多的……，大量的……
15. 保持精力
16. 通常，大体上
17. 弥补，补偿
18. 逐渐变成或达到
19. 热身
20. 在...的最后
above all
be likely to do ...
stick with
plenty of ...
keep up your energy
in general
make up for
work your way to sth
warm up
at the end of
Phrases
Thank you