必修第二册 UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
attempt；balance；disappear；document；donate；establish；preserve
A new railway was to be built through the small town. However, an archaeologist protested against its construction, because it meant an old tower would be likely to 1.disappear.However, if the relevant departments gave way to him, it would lead to a great loss of money. How to creatively keep a 2.balance between construction and protection was a challenging issue. A committee was 3.established to prevent the tower from being damaged. They made sure that they would investigate relevant clues and conduct necessary research in an 4.attempt to solve the problem. The members referred to former 5.documents, and turned to professionals from all over the world for advice.The committee did a lot of research and consultation, after which they finally sought a perfect solution by means of digital technology. Throughout the process, many overseas experts took part in the project. Thousands of locals 6.donated money voluntarily, making great contributions to it. With their joint efforts, the railway was soon built and also the tower was well 7.preserved.
提示：加底纹词汇为本单元复现词汇
1 balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡(→balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①It would be a good idea if you could keep a balanced (balance) diet to keep healthy.
[能力提升]——微写作
②我踩到一块香蕉皮，失去了平衡，趴在地上。
I stepped on a banana peel，lost my balance and fell flat on the ground.(动作链)
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)权衡利弊之后，大卫擦掉眼泪，挣扎着站起来，向起跑线走去，嘴角露出轻松的微笑。
After balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages，David wiped away the tears，struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line，a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth.(动作链；情感描写)
(1)keep/lose (one's) balance
保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B
在A和B之间保持平衡
(2)balance...against 权衡，比较
(3)keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
[语料积累] ①the balance of school life(学校生活)
学校生活的平衡
②balance time for revision and relaxation(学习与生活)
平衡复习与放松的时间
③a well balanced school life(学校生活)
平衡的学校生活
④To study more efficiently，you'd better keep a balance between learning and working out.(建议信)
为了更有效地学习，你最好在学习和锻炼之间保持平衡。
2 likely adj.可能的 adv. 可能地(→unlikely adj.不大可能的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空/选词填空
①The new restaurant is likely to be (be) very busy this weekend because it just opened and everyone wants to try the food.
②It's probable/likely/possible that they will come back next week.(probable/likely/possible)
③It is possible for them to win the match, for they have talented players.(probable/likely/possible)
[能力提升]——句型转换
④It's likely that the new restaurant will be very busy this weekend because it just opened and everyone wants to try the food.(用形式主语it改写句①)
sb./sth.be likely to do sth.
某人/某物很可能做某事
it's likely that... 很可能……
[语料积累] With clear skies and no clouds，it is unlikely that it will rain today.(环境描写)
天空晴朗，万里无云，今天不大可能会下雨。
[名师指津] ①likely不用于it is likely for sb./sth.to do sth.句型中。
②possible常用于it is possible (for sb.) to do sth.和it is possible that...句型中，但不用于sb.be possible to do sth.句型中。
③probable常用于it is probable that...句型中。
3 limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定(→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n．限制；局限；极限)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2021·浙江6月卷)Many people in China have limited (limit) exposure to English. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
[能力提升]——微写作
②通过努力，你所能取得的成就就是无限的；一切皆有可能。
There is no limit to what you can achieve with hard work; the sky is truly the limit.(演讲稿)
③要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被采用。
You are required to limit your essay to 800 words. If your essay is beyond the limit，it will not be accepted.(征文)
(1)set a limit to/on 限制……
beyond the limit 超过限度
There is a/no limit to (to为介词)...
……是有限的/无限的。
(2)limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内
[语料积累] ①the limit on the number of participants(活动介绍)
参与者人数的限制
②limitless energy during sports practice(活动介绍)
运动练习中的无限精力
③It's important to set a limit on your daily screen time; ideally, keep it to no more than two hours.(建议信)
限制每日屏幕使用时间很重要；理想情况下，保持在不超过两小时。
4 contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠(→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；贡献；投稿 vi.导致)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①I make a proposal that each individual should make contributions (contribute) to ocean protection.
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)From my point of view，pairing up students based on their English level does contribute to improving (improve) their oral English.
[能力提升]——微写作
③年轻时，他给自己规定每月给报纸写一篇文章。
In his youth，he made it a rule to contribute one article to the newspaper on a monthly basis.(人物介绍)
(1)make contributions/a contribution to
对……做出贡献；捐款
(2)contribute...to... 把……贡献给……
contribute to(to为介词)
有助于；导致；是……的原因之一；捐款；投稿
[语料积累] (2023·全国甲卷)His research has not only improved the quality of life for millions of people，but also made a contribution to the agriculture.(人物介绍)
他的研究不仅提高了数百万人的生活质量，而且为农业做出了贡献。
5 attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试(→attempted adj.未遂的；企图的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Attempting (attempt)to play a complex piece of music, he challenged himself to reach new heights of musical skill.
[能力提升]——微写作
②在接下来的几天里，我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬Spotty，但都是徒劳。
In the next few days，we attempted to search for/made an attempt to search for/at searching for our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner，but in vain.(动作描写)
(1)attempt to do... 尝试(试图)做……
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing... 尝试做……
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
[语料积累] They failed to sell popcorn at their first attempt, which left them feeling deeply depressed and sad.(情景、情感描写)
他们第一次尝试卖爆米花失败了，这让他们感到非常沮丧和悲伤。
6 worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的(→worth adj.值得的；价值……的→worthy adj.值得的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2024·北京卷)What's more, one of the most notable achievements is the construction of the Tiangong space station, which serves as a base for future manned missions to space. It is worthwhile to introduce/introducing (introduce) the topic.
[能力提升]——一句多译
②在中国有很多值得参观的旅游景点。
→There are a great many tourist attractions that are worth visiting in China.(worth)
→There are a great many tourist attractions that are worthy of being visited/to be visited in China.(worthy)
(1)值得做某事
(2)
(3)
[语料积累] (2022·浙江6月卷)I hold the firm belief that it is worthwhile to experience/experiencing the new group study room in our school library，so please accept my sincere invitation.(邀请信)
我坚信我们学校图书馆里的新小组学习室值得体验，因此请接受我真诚的邀请。
7 give way to屈服；让步
[基础检测]——用way的相关短语填空
①There were so many people at the station that they had to push their way．
②He doesn't have the determination to make his way in the world.
③Despite the challenges, the team found their way to victory by working together and never giving up.
[能力提升]——句型转换
④When she saw the clowns, the little girl's tears were replaced by smiles.
→When she saw the clowns, the little girl's tears gave way to smiles．,
lose one's way 迷路
elbow/push one's way 用胳膊肘/手推搡出一条路
make one's way 前进，行进；成功，发迹
find one's way 找到路；设法到达
[语料积累] While hiking in the forest, we lost our way and had to use a map to figure out how to get back to the main trail.(动作描写)
在森林徒步时，我们迷了路，不得不用地图来找到回主路的方向。
8 lead to导致；通往(to为介词)
[基础检测]——小语段训练
①Their lack of exercise leads to overweight，which leads them to set (set) aside some time to work out.
[能力提升]——微写作
②他带朋友到了公园，一路上解释他们看到的各种植物和动物。
He led his friend to the park, explaining along the way about the different plants and animals they saw.(动作描写)
③夜晚，船长在狂风暴雨的海上带路，利用星星和指南针安全导航。
The night saw the captain leading the way through the stormy seas, using the stars and a compass to navigate safely.(无灵主语句)
lead sb.to do... 使某人做……
lead sb.to... 引导某人到……
lead the way 带路
lead a(n)...life 过……的生活
[语料积累] (2023·全国甲卷)Confucius emphasized the importance of education and self improvement，which he believed would lead to building a harmonious society.(投稿)
孔子强调教育和自我完善的重要性，他认为这将有利于构建一个和谐的社会。
9 turn to向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；开始从事
[基础检测]——用turn的相关短语填空
①Tom remembered that he had to turn in his essay the next day. He quickly finished his essay, printed it out, and placed it in his school bag. Before going to bed, he made sure to turn off his computer.
②Mia turned on the lamp, her invention, but nothing happened. Suddenly, her best friend Alex turned up with a new solar panel. They quickly swapped it, and the lamp lit up brightly. In the end, it turned out that the original panel was faulty.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2021·全国甲卷)得知您对中国文化感兴趣，我想就班会的话题向您寻求一些建议。
Learning you are interested in Chinese culture，I would like to turn to you for some advice on the topics of the class meeting.(求助信)
turn up 调大(音量等)；出现
turn down 调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn in 上交
turn on 打开
turn off 关上
turn out 结果是；证明是
[语料积累] ①turn to a new hobby(人物描写)
开始从事新爱好
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”， back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down．(动作描写)
当他在机场外停下出租车时，我付给他往返于机场和汽车站的“双程车费”，外加一大笔小费，但是他拒绝了。
10 句型公式：“not only...but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”
(教材原句)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Not only the foreign students but also the teacher has been attracted (attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far.
[能力提升]——一句多译
②通过这项活动，我们不仅欣赏了植物的美丽，还了解了它们生长的环境。
→Through the activity, we not only admired the beauty of plants，but also learnt about their living environment．
→Through the activity，not only did we admire the beauty of plants，but also learnt about their living environment．(倒装句)(报道)
(1)“not only...but also...”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略；
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装；
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与就近的主语的数保持一致。
[语料积累] (2021·浙江6月卷)Not only can you admire wonderful pictures，but you can also understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better.(活动介绍)
你不仅可以欣赏精彩的绘画，而且可以更好地了解中国画的艺术。
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．These troubles came along all at the same time that I was at a loss.
2．Please take part in our school's charity run next month to help raise funds for local shelters.
3．A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee of quality．
4．I'd like to donate it to the medical research because I want to do something to help others.
1．take part in
参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．at a loss 不知所措
3．donate...to... 向……捐赠……
4．of quality
高质量的；优质的
5．in one's opinion
在……看来
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——形容词后缀 ed
形容词后缀 ed表示“有……的；有……特征的”。例如本单元中的单词：limit (n. 限度；限制) ＋后缀 ed转化成形容词limited(有限的)。形容词后缀 ed的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．She is a gifted student who excels in mathematics and science, often helping her classmates with difficult problems. adj. 有天赋的
2．The skilled carpenter built a beautiful wooden table that was elegant.adj. 熟练的；有技能的
3．A balanced diet includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, proteins, and grains to maintain good health. adj. 均衡的
4．An experienced teacher can adapt lessons to meet the needs of all students, ensuring everyone learns effectively. adj. 有经验的
5．All these points of view are related, in a manner of speaking. adj. 有联系的
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．promote
A.v.提倡 B．v.晋升 C．v.促进，增进
(1)(2023·全国乙卷)Not only do they look beautiful，but studies have shown that they can promote people's well being by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.C
(2)(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road，in order to promote environmental protection.A
(3)(2023·浙江1月卷)I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago.B
2．turn to
A.翻到 B．向……求助 C．查阅 D．转向
(1)(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.B
(2)It is time that he turned his mind to more serious problems.D
(3)(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.A
(4)Don't always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word.C
3．contribute to
A.有助于 B．投稿 C．做贡献 D．导致
(1)(2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.C
(2)(2020·天津7月卷)...loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.D
(3)Planting trees and reducing waste can contribute to a healthier and more sustainable environment.A
(4)He was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year.B
4．issue
A.n.一期；期号 B．n.(有关某事的)问题，担忧 C．v.公布；发出 D．n.重要议题；争论的问题
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.A
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In these chapters，I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use.D
(3)(2022·全国乙卷)A four year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.C
(4)Just take whatever you like and money is not an issue．B
5．conduct
A.v.带领 B．n.行为；举止 C．v.传导(热、电等) D．v.组织；实施；执行 E．v.指挥
(1)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.A
(2)It is a common sense that water conducts heat faster than air.C
(3)Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera in Europe.E
(4)For Europeans，the law is a statement of basic principles of civilized conduct．B
(5)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.D
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever growing list.v. 记录；记载(详情)
[点拨]document (熟义) n. 文件；公文；(计算机)文档。此处用作动词，意为“记录；记载(详情)”。
2．(2021·全国甲卷)I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images．n. 图片，照片
[点拨]image (熟义) n. 形象；印象。此处意为“图片，照片”。
3．(2018·江苏卷)Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers.adj. 已确立的；老牌的
[点拨]establish (熟义) vt. 建立；创立。此处established意为“已确立的；老牌的”。
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/
单元语法(限制性定语从句)
1．He improved his physical condition by keeping a balanced (balance) diet and exercising regularly.
2．The poor waste management led to increased environmental pollution, arousing the concern among the residents.
3．The limited (limit) seating in the cafeteria made lunch uncomfortable today. I hope they add more tables soon.
4．It's worthwhile to participate/participating (participate) in our community service projects. They not only help those in need but enrich your own life experiences.
5．Linda has made contributions (contribute) to the school's debate team.
6．I made an attempt to persuade (persuade) her to change her mind, but I failed completely.
7．Whenever I feel confused, I turn to my teacher for advice. Her wisdom always guides me.
8．The language barrier did not prevent him from diving deep into the literature of the foreign culture.
9．The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself.
10．Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．在除夕夜聚在一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐是我们家的一个传统。
It is a tradition for my family to gather for a big dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve．(节日介绍)
2．汤姆同意让步，接受莉莉的建议。
Tom agreed to give way to Lily's suggestion．
3．新图书馆不仅大，而且摆满了各种书籍。
The new library is not only big but also filled with a variety of books．(地点描写)
4．The first principal of our school is said to be a kind and wise leader.(人物描写)
→It is said that the first principal of our school was a kind and wise leader．(变为复合句)
5．Our team is likely to win the championship.(事件描写)
→It's likely that our team will win the championship．(变为复合句)
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假定你是你校文化遗产俱乐部成员，请你用英语写一篇新闻稿。内容包括： 1．宣传俱乐部的活动； 2．呼吁同学们加入俱乐部。
1．In an attempt to preserve the cultural heritage throughout the city (为保护整个城市的文化遗产；in an attempt to), the Heritage Protection Club was established three years ago.
2．In the process of the digital survey (在数字调查的过程中), we take an active part in heritage preservation, identify cultural relics and take photos. By sharing photos, 3.not only have we promoted people's awareness of heritage preservation, but we have also raised funds (我们不仅提高了人们对遗产保护的意识，还筹集了资金；not only...but also的倒装句). What's more, the money donated is used to 4.prevent the historic buildings from disappearing (防止历史建筑消失)．
In my opinion, it is worthwhile joining/to join the club! 5.Let's make joint efforts to make contributions to protecting the cultural heritage (让我们一起努力，为保护文化遗产作出贡献)．
维度二 读后续写微技能7——情感细节描
写：紧张
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．nervous adj. 紧张的 2．uneasy adj. 担忧的，不安的 3．uneasiness n. 担忧，不安 4．tense adj. 紧张的，焦虑的 5．tension n. 紧张，焦虑 6．with butterflies in one's stomach 某人的心里七上八下 7．one's heart pounds wildly 某人的心狂跳 8．palms sweat 手心冒汗 9．on pins and needles 如坐针毡 10．tremble nervously 紧张地颤抖着 11．one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼 12．be trapped by 被……困住 13．pace back and forth 来回踱步 14．one's mouth dries 某人口干舌燥 15．be overcome by extreme uneasiness 极度不安 续表 16．awkward and nervous既尴尬又紧张 17．a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张 18．with uneasiness 不安地 19．a nervous glance 紧张的一瞥
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．心跳如此剧烈，他感到如坐针毡。
So violently did his heart beat that he felt on pins and needles．
2．我紧张地颤抖着，低着头，眼睛盯着地板。
Trembling nervously, I kept my head down and my eyes fixed on the floor．(非谓语动词)
3．我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了，我一动也不动，盯着眼前发生的一切。
My heart in my mouth, I didn't move an inch, staring at what was happening.(独立主格结构)
4．面对人群，杰森感到喉咙里有一团东西，突如其来的紧张让他说不出话来。
Facing the crowd, Jason felt a lump in his throat, his words trapped by his sudden nervousness. (独立主格结构)
5．他心里七上八下，心狂跳，手心冒汗，几乎喘不过气来。
With butterflies in his stomach, his heart pounding wildly and palms sweating, he was nearly breathless．(with复合结构)
任务2 语段表达
Feeling a flood of tension, my heart beating wildly, 1.I paced back and forth (我来回踱步). When my name was called, so nervous was I that I felt my throat tight, 2.my mouth dry (口干舌燥) and my legs trembling uncontrollably. 3.Overcome by extreme uneasiness (极度不安), I almost wanted to escape from the stage. However, I climbed onto the stage, my heart in my mouth. 4.Awkward and nervous(又尴尬又紧张), I forced a smile and glanced at the audience. Beyond my expectations, my performance went smoothly and the audience were on the edge of their seats，all applauding my performance.
————基础默测—————
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．committee n. 委员会
2．fund n. 基金；专款
3．relic n. 遗物；遗迹
4．clue n. 线索；提示
5．dam n. 水坝；拦河坝
6．protest n. 抗议 vi. & vt. (公开)反对；抗议
7．heritage n. 遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
8．temple n. 庙；寺
9．document n. 文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt. 记录；记载(详情)
10．digital adj. 数码的；数字显示的
二、核心单词写得准
1．entrance n. 入口；进入
2．process n. 过程；进程；步骤 vt. 处理；加工
3．likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地
4．within prep. & adv. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
5．issue n. 重要议题；争论的问题 vt. 宣布；公布
6．conduct n. 行为；举止；管理方法 vt. 组织；安排；带领
7．attempt n. & vt. 企图；试图；尝试
8．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
9．download vt. 下载 n. 下载；已下载的数据资料
10．former adj. 以前的；(两者中)前者的
11．preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持 n. 保护区
12．exit n. 出口；通道 vi. & vt. 出去；离去
13．mirror n. 镜子
14．roof n. 顶部；屋顶
15．opinion n. 意见；想法；看法
三、拓展单词通变化
1．balance n. 平衡；均匀 vt. 使平衡→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
2．establish vt. 建立；创立→establishment n. 建立；创立
3．limit n. 限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定→limited adj. 有限的；受限制的→limitless/unlimited adj. 无限的；无尽的→limitation n. 限制；局限；极限
4．prevent vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n. 防止；预防→preventive adj. 预防性的；防备的
5．contribute vi. & vt. 捐献；捐助→contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠
6．history n. 历史→historic adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historian n. 历史学家→historical adj. (有关)历史的；历史上的
7．compare vt. 比较；对比→comparison n. 比较；相比
8．identify vt. 确认；认出；找到→identity n. 身份；个性→identification n. 识别；身份证明(文件)
四、重点词块明搭配
1．take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．give way to 让步；屈服
3．keep a balance 保持平衡
4．lead to 导致
5．make a proposal 提出建议
6．turn to 向……求助
7．prevent…from… 阻止；不准
8．donate…to… 向……捐赠……
9．prevent the loss of cultural relics 防止文物损失
10．conduct several tests 进行多次试验
五、教材佳句会运用
1．新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(倒装句)
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
2．这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。(not only…but also…)
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
3．据说它是一面能分辨是非的镜子！(it＋be＋过去分词＋that从句)
It is said that it's a mirror that can tell right from wrong!
4．今天，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。(as…as…)
Today，the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She made an attempt (企图) to break the world record but fell short by a few seconds.
2．The total download (下载) speed was faster than I expected, allowing me to get the files in no time.
3．The entire process (过程) of making the dish took about three hours from start to finish.
4．The roof (屋顶) of the house was covered in a thick layer of snow.
5．Different people have different opinions (看法) on the matter, and it's important to respect each viewpoint.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Every year during the festival, our family follows traditional (tradition) practices passed down from our ancestors.
2．Out of all the applicants (apply), only three will be selected for the final interview.
3．The art teacher encouraged students to think creatively (creative) and come up with unique designs.
4．Without the contribution (contribute) of our volunteers, this event would not have been a success.
5．The sudden disappearance (disappear) of the cat from the house worried the family, forcing them to search the neighborhood.
Ⅲ.选词填空
all over the world；take part in；give way to；keep a balance；make a proposal
1．She refused to give way to the opinions of others and always held her ground.
2．In life, it's vital to keep a balance between work and leisure to maintain mental well being.
3．I would like to make a proposal that we consider hosting the event in the spring instead of summer to avoid the heat.
4．During our trip, we had the opportunity to take part in a traditional festival celebration.
5．The popularity of this art form has grown, with enthusiasts and practitioners found all over the world．
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．到了孩子们需要知道环境保护重要性的时候了。(倒装句)
There comes a time when children need to know the importance of environmental protection.
2．这项活动不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。(not only…but also…)
Not only did the activity give us relaxation but it also got us closer to nature.
3．上周，我们学校举办了一场5公里越野赛。据报道有500多名学生参加了这场比赛。(it＋be＋过去分词＋that从句)
Our school held a 5 kilometer cross country running race last week. It is reported that more than 500 students participated in the race.
课时作业7
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2024·重庆名校联盟高三联考)
One of the world's oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan as the country battles the worst floods in its history.
Moenjodaro, a World Heritage site in the Indus River 510 kilometers (316 miles) from Karachi, was built in the Bronze Age, some 5，000 years ago.“Unfortunately we witnessed the mass destruction at the site，” reads a letter from the Culture, Tourism, Antiquities & Archives Department Government of Sindh sent to UNESCO and signed by director Ihsan Ali Abbasi and architect Naveed Ahmed Sangah.The letter adds the site was being used as temporary accommodation for surrounding residents whose own homes had flooded.
Moenjodaro's significance can't be underestimated.When it was added to UNESCO's register in 1980, the organization wrote that Moenjodaro “bears exceptional testimony(证明) to the Indus civilization，” comprising “the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent”．
The letter explains some of the immediate actions the site team has taken to mitigate the flood damage, like bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork.But it's clear that these measures will not be enough.
Abbasi and Sangah ended their letter by asking for 100 million Pakistani rupees ($45 million) to cover the costs of full repairs.UNESCO has responded to the request for help, allocating $350，000 from its emergency fund for damaged historic sites in Pakistan during UN Secretary General António Guterres's visit to the flood stricken country this week.
The funds will go to Moenjodaro and other sites including the Amri Museum.While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites, it will pay for urgent work while UNESCO and the local organization consider the best way forward.Sadly, the conservators of Moenjodaro have known for some time that flooding could bring a serious risk to the site.
In their letter, Abbasi and Sangah express concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger, which the preservation body updates periodically to highlight historic places that are at severe risk of ruin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。受巴基斯坦暴雨的影响，摩亨佐·达罗遗址严重受损，Ihsan Ali Abbasi和Naveed Ahmed Sangah写信向联合国教科文组织求助，最终获得修复资金和联合国的关注。
1．What makes Moenjodaro special to Pakistan？( D )
A．The geographic feature it bears.
B．The role it played in fighting floods.
C．The mass destruction it suffered in history.
D．The value it holds in history and architecture.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中联合国教科文组织对摩亨佐·达罗的评价“Moenjodaro ‘bears exceptional testimony(证明) to the Indus civilization，' comprising ‘the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent’”可知，摩亨佐·达罗遗址是“印度河文明杰出的证明”，其中包括“印度次大陆上最古老的规划城市”。由此可见，其在历史和建筑方面意义重大，故选D。
2．What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph 4 probably mean？( A )
A．Reduce. B．Suffer.
C．Avoid. D．Assess.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文举例提到的举措“bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork”并结合生活常识可知，引进抽水机和修补砖墙是为了减轻洪水带来的损害，故A项与画线词的意思最为接近。
3．Which best describes the situation of the repair work made so far？( B )
A．Creative. B．Worrying.
C．Impractical. D．Satisfactory.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites”、“flooding could bring a serious risk to the site”和最后一段中的“concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger”可知，资金不足、洪水严重等情况让Abbasi和Sangah担忧摩亨佐·达罗会被列入濒危世界遗产名录。由此可知，目前的修补工作局面令人担忧，故选B。
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text？( D )
A.Pakistan's Deadly Floods Causing Widespread Damage
B.Moenjodaro Calling for Attention to Its Severe Damage
C.Moenjodaro Added to the List of UNESCO Sites in Danger
D.Pakistan's UNESCO Site Moenjodaro Badly Damaged by Flooding
解析：主旨大意题。新闻报道的主题一般在文章的开头。根据第一段中的“One of the world's oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan”可知，本文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的联合国教科文组织世界遗址摩亨佐·达罗被洪水严重破坏，故D项适合作本文的标题。
(2024·福建厦门高三模拟)
The California sea otter (海獭), once hunted to the edge of extinction, has staged a thrilling comeback in the last century.Now, scientists have discovered that the otters' success story has led to something just as remarkable: the restoration of their declining coastal marsh (沼泽) habitat.
Elkhorn Slough, a coastal marsh within Monterey Bay, had been experiencing severe damage.The root cause was a growing population of shore crabs, which fed heavily on the marsh plants, weakening the structural integrity of the habitat.Coastal marshes like these are not only natural defenses against storm waves but also serve as important carbon storage areas and water cleaning systems.
The conservation driven comeback of the sea otter has been crucial.California's coastlines were once alive with sea otters.Sadly, they were nearly wiped out at the hands of fur traders.In the 1980s, conservation efforts aided these otters in reoccupying large areas of their former range.Now, Elkhorn Slough has the highest concentration of sea otters in California, with a population of about 100.By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life.Brent Hughes, a scientist working alongside Angelini, led a three year study.Their findings were clear: in areas with sea otters, crab numbers fell markedly.This led to a resurgence in plant growth, which in turn stabilized the soil and lowered the rate of soil being washed away.
As the sea otter population continues to restore, their positive impact on coastal ecosystems is likely to increase.It not only showcases the sea otter as a central species—a species that has a significant effect on its natural environment—but also highlights the essential nature of top predators (捕食者) in preserving ecological harmony.“My honest reaction was—this could become a classic in the literature，” says scientist Lekelia Jenkins.She reveals marsh restoration also helps people by reducing flooding.“Suddenly, sea otters go from just cute things we like to something that can protect our livelihoods and our properties.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍海獭的恢复历程及其对沿海沼泽生态系统的积极影响，强调了顶级捕食者在维持生态平衡中的重要作用。
5．What change did the disappearance of sea otters bring about？( D )
A．Fewer predatory crabs.
B．More coastal plant life.
C．Better water cleaning effect.
D．Worse coastal ecological balance.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Elkhorn Slough…weakening the structural integrity of the habitat.”可知，海獭的消失导致了沿海生态平衡的恶化。故选D项。
6．What does the underlined word “resurgence” in paragraph 3 mean？( D )
A．Barrier. B．Advancement.
C．Expansion. D．Revival.
解析：词句猜测题。画线词前文“By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life.”说明水獭通过以螃蟹为食，可以帮助植物的再生，从而推知画线词应为“复苏”的意思，与D项同义。故选D项。
7．What is the author's purpose in quoting Lekelia Jenkins？( C )
A．To highlight the importance of coastal marshes.
B．To introduce a new research study on sea otters.
C．To demonstrate the practical benefits of sea otters.
D．To emphasize the need for increased conservation efforts.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My honest reaction…our livelihoods and our properties.”可知，作者引用Lekelia Jenkins的话是为了展示海獭对人类的实际益处，如减少洪水灾害等。故选C项。
8．What message is conveyed from sea otters' impact？( B )
A．The necessity for controlled hunting.
B．The interconnectedness of the ecosystem.
C．The drawbacks of wildlife reintroduction.
D．The need for human intervention in nature.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As the sea otter population…in preserving ecological harmony.”可知，文章通过展示海獭对沿海生态系统的积极影响，传达了生态系统之间相互联系的信息。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·湖南湘潭高三模拟)
Smith brought his three month old son out for breakfast one day.He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating, and just doing his __1__ thing.
But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.He was __3__.“What is going on？” “They kept __4__ at me，” he wrote in a post.
As it __5__， the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son, and they felt inspired while watching the __6__.Smith had no way of knowing that until he paid for his meal.He was given by the waiter a __7__ from the couple, saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal.
“Today your meal is on my wife and me，” it read.“__9__ that baby as long as possible.The Masons.”
For Smith, it was a happy moment of reassurance and feeling __10__.He was touched by the generosity and noted that he didn't have a father figure growing up, so spending this time with his son is super __11__ to him.
He wrote that he'll share this __12__ with his son when he's older and that he wants to teach him kindness and about the __13__ of giving back.
“I make sure I'm __14__，” Smith wrapped.“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在饭店一边吃饭，一边和儿子玩耍并照顾他。一对夫妇看到这一场景，很感动，并主动给他们提供了餐费。这位父亲决定将这份爱心传递下去，并在将来让他的儿子知道善举的意义。
1．( D )A.unusual B．rare
C．big D．regular
解析：根据上文“He was playing with his son and tending to him”可知，他做着平常的事情。故选D项。unusual不寻常的； rare稀少的；big大的；regular平常的。
2．( C )A.stranger B．woman
C．couple D．waiter
解析：句意：但之后他注意到有一对夫妇盯着他看。根据下文“from the couple”可知，一对夫妇盯着他看。故选C项。stranger陌生人； woman女人；couple夫妇；waiter服务生。
3．( B )A.embarrassed B．confused
C．worried D．scared
解析：句意：他很困惑。根据上文“But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.”以及下文“What is going on？”可知，Smith很困惑，不知道对方为什么盯着他看。故选B项。embarrassed尴尬的； confused困惑的；worried担忧的；scared惊恐的。
4．( C )A.shouting B．aiming
C．smiling D．getting
解析：句意：他们一直对我微笑。根据下文“the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son”可知，这对夫妇一直对着Smith微笑。故选C项。shout喊叫； aim旨在；smile微笑；get获得。
5．( A )A.turns out B．turns on
C．strikes out D．goes on
解析：句意：事实证明，陌生人只是很高兴看到一个父亲和他的儿子在一起，他们在观看这段关系时感觉受到了鼓舞。根据下文“the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son”可知，此处是对上文Smith的疑惑作出解释，阐述事实真相，turn out“结果是，证明是”符合语境。故选A项。turn on打开；strike out开始行动；go on继续。
6．( A )A.relationship B．appreciation
C．friendship D．instruction
解析：句意同上。根据上文“He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating”可知，这对夫妇看到Smith和儿子在一起，父子之间关系融洽的场景让他们受到鼓舞。故选A项。relationship关系； appreciation感激；friendship友谊；instruction指示。
7．( B )A.bill B．note
C．excuse D．notice
解析：句意：服务员给了他一张这对夫妇留下的纸条，上面写着他是一个多么伟大的父亲，他们想给他留一些钱当作餐费。根据下文“saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal”以及“‘Today your meal is on my wife and me，’ it read.”可知，服务员给了他一张这对夫妇留下的纸条。故选B项。bill账单； note短笺，纸条；excuse借口；notice通知。
8．( B )A.credit B．cash
C．paper D．fortune
解析：句意同上。根据下文“Today your meal is on my wife and me”可知，这对夫妇想给Smith留一些现金来请客。 故选B项。credit信用；cash现金；paper纸；fortune运气。
9．( A )A.Enjoy B．Share
C．Protect D．Cheer
解析：句意：好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。根据上文“Smith brought his three month old son out for breakfast one day. He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating, and just doing his __1__ thing.”可知，这对夫妇让Smith好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。故选A项。enjoy享受；share分享；protect保护；cheer欢呼。
10．( D )A.lost B．exposed
C．wronged D．seen
解析：句意：对Smith来说，这是一个快乐的时刻，让他感到被认可，感觉自己被关注了。根据上文“staring at him”可知，Smith被这对夫妇关注了。故选D项。lose丢失； expose暴露；wrong不公正地对待；see看到，关注。
11．( A )A.significant B．occasional
C．grateful D．influential
解析：句意：他被这种慷慨感动了，并指出他在成长过程中父亲是缺位的，所以陪伴儿子对他来说非常重要。根据上文“he didn't have a father figure growing up”可知，Smith在成长过程中父亲是缺位的，所以陪伴儿子对他来说非常重要。故选A项。significant重要的； occasional偶尔的；grateful感激的；influential有影响力的。
12．( D )A.idea B．breakfast
C．joy D．story
解析：句意：他写道，当他的儿子长大后，他会和他分享这个故事，他想教他善良和回报的力量。设空处指代上文所讲的这个故事。当他的儿子长大后，Smith会和他分享这个故事。故选D项。idea观点； breakfast早餐；joy快乐；story故事。
13．( C )A.feeling B．comfort
C．power D．consequence
解析：句意同上。根据上文“he wants to teach him kindness”以及下文“of giving back”和“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”可知，他想教给儿子善良和回报的力量。故选C项。feeling感觉； comfort安慰；power力量；consequence结果。
14．( B )A.carrying it through
B．paying it forward
C．making it up
D．putting it down
解析：句意：我要确保我把爱传递出去。根据下文“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”可知，Smith要确保自己把善意与爱传递出去。故选B项。carry it through坚持到底； pay it forward将接受的恩惠传递下去；make it up和解；put it down放下。
15．( C )A.approach B．address
C．bless D．watch
解析：句意：我得到了祝福——我想祝福别人。根据上文“I get blessed”可知，Smith得到了别人的祝福，所以他也想祝福别人。故选C项。approach接近； address演讲；bless祝福；watch观看。(共97张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
RJ英语
必修第二册
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
高效课堂 考点突破
多维演练 素养提升
第一部分
第二部分
第三部分
重难考点
拾遗考点
A
B
课时作业7
第五部分
基础默测
第四部分
默写达标
基础检测
A
B
词汇复现 语境串记
第
分
部
一
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
A new railway was to be built through the small town. However, an archaeologist protested against its construction, because it meant an old tower would be likely to 1.disappear.However, if the relevant departments gave way to him, it would lead to a great loss of money. How to creatively keep a 2.balance between construction and protection was a challenging issue. A committee was 3.established to prevent the tower from being damaged. They made sure that they would investigate relevant clues and conduct necessary research in an 4.attempt to solve the problem. The members referred to former 5.documents, and turned to professionals from all over the world for advice. The committee did a lot of research and consultation, after which they finally sought a perfect solution by means of digital technology. Throughout the process, many overseas experts took part in the project. Thousands of locals 6.donated money voluntarily, making great contributions to it. With their joint efforts, the railway was soon built and also the tower was well 7.preserved.
attempt；balance；disappear；document；donate；establish；preserve
disappear
balance
established
attempt
documents,
donated
preserved
高效课堂 考点突破
第
分
部
二
1 balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡(→balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①It would be a good idea if you could keep a balanced (balance) diet to keep healthy.
[能力提升]——微写作
②我踩到一块香蕉皮，失去了平衡，趴在地上。
I stepped on a banana peel，lost my balance and fell flat on the ground.(动作链)
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)权衡利弊之后，大卫擦掉眼泪，挣扎着站起来，向起跑线走去，嘴角露出轻松的微笑。
After balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages，David wiped away the tears，struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line，a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth.(动作链；情感描写)
重难考点
balanced
lost my balance
balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages
(1)keep/lose (one's) balance
保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B
在A和B之间保持平衡
(2)balance...against 权衡，比较
(3)keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
[语料积累] ①the balance of school life(学校生活)
学校生活的平衡
②balance time for revision and relaxation(学习与生活)
平衡复习与放松的时间
③a well balanced school life(学校生活)
平衡的学校生活
④To study more efficiently，you'd better keep a balance between learning and working out.(建议信)
为了更有效地学习，你最好在学习和锻炼之间保持平衡。
2 likely adj.可能的 adv. 可能地(→unlikely adj.不大可能的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空/选词填空
①The new restaurant is likely to be (be) very busy this weekend because it just opened and everyone wants to try the food.
②It's probable/likely/possible that they will come back next week.(probable/likely/possible)
③It is possible for them to win the match, for they have talented players.(probable/likely/possible)
[能力提升]——句型转换
④It's likely that the new restaurant will be very busy this weekend because it just opened and everyone wants to try the food.(用形式主语it改写句①)
to be
probable/likely/possible
possible
It's likely that
sb./sth.be likely to do sth.
某人/某物很可能做某事
it's likely that... 很可能……
[语料积累] With clear skies and no clouds，it is unlikely that it will rain today.(环境描写)
天空晴朗，万里无云，今天不大可能会下雨。
[名师指津] ①likely不用于it is likely for sb./sth.to do sth.句型中。
②possible常用于it is possible (for sb.) to do sth.和it is possible that...句型中，但不用于sb.be possible to do sth.句型中。
③probable常用于it is probable that...句型中。
3 limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定(→limited adj.有限的；受限制的
→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n．限制；局限；极限)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2021·浙江6月卷)Many people in China have limited (limit) exposure to English. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
[能力提升]——微写作
②通过努力，你所能取得的成就就是无限的；一切皆有可能。
There is no limit to what you can achieve with hard work; the sky is truly the limit.(演讲稿)
③要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被采用。
You are required to limit your essay to 800 words. If your essay is beyond the limit，it will not be accepted.(征文)
limited
There is no limit to
limit your essay to 800 words
beyond the limit
(1)set a limit to/on 限制……
beyond the limit 超过限度
There is a/no limit to (to为介词)... ……是有限的/无限的。
(2)limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内
[语料积累] ①the limit on the number of participants(活动介绍)
参与者人数的限制
②limitless energy during sports practice(活动介绍)
运动练习中的无限精力
③It's important to set a limit on your daily screen time; ideally, keep it to no more than two hours.(建议信)
限制每日屏幕使用时间很重要；理想情况下，保持在不超过两小时。
4 contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠(→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；贡献；
投稿 vi.导致)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①I make a proposal that each individual should make contributions (contribute) to ocean protection.
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)From my point of view，pairing up students based on their English level does contribute to improving (improve) their oral English.
[能力提升]——微写作
③年轻时，他给自己规定每月给报纸写一篇文章。
In his youth，he made it a rule to contribute one article to the newspaper on a monthly basis.(人物介绍)
contributions
improving
to contribute one article to the newspaper
(1)make contributions/a contribution to
对……做出贡献；捐款
(2)contribute...to... 把……贡献给……
contribute to(to为介词)
有助于；导致；是……的原因之一；捐款；投稿
[语料积累] (2023·全国甲卷)His research has not only improved the quality of life for millions of people，but also made a contribution to the agriculture.(人物介绍)
他的研究不仅提高了数百万人的生活质量，而且为农业做出了贡献。
5 attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试(→attempted adj.未遂的；企图的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Attempting (attempt)to play a complex piece of music, he challenged himself to reach new heights of musical skill.
[能力提升]——微写作
②在接下来的几天里，我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬Spotty，但都是徒劳。
In the next few days，we attempted to search for/made an attempt to search for/at searching for our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner，but in vain.(动作描写)
Attempting
attempted to search for/made an attempt to search for/at
searching for
(1)attempt to do... 尝试(试图)做……
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing... 尝试做……
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
[语料积累] They failed to sell popcorn at their first attempt, which left them feeling deeply depressed and sad.(情景、情感描写)
他们第一次尝试卖爆米花失败了，这让他们感到非常沮丧和悲伤。
6 worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的(→worth adj.值得的；价值……的
→worthy adj.值得的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2024·北京卷)What's more, one of the most notable achievements is the construction of the Tiangong space station, which serves as a base for future manned missions to space. It is worthwhile to introduce/introducing (introduce) the topic.
[能力提升]——一句多译
②在中国有很多值得参观的旅游景点。
→There are a great many tourist attractions that are worth visiting in China.(worth)
→There are a great many tourist attractions that are worthy of being visited/to be visited in China.(worthy)
to introduce/introducing
are worth visiting
are worthy of being visited/to be visited
[语料积累] (2022·浙江6月卷)I hold the firm belief that it is worthwhile to experience/experiencing the new group study room in our school library，so please accept my sincere invitation.(邀请信)
我坚信我们学校图书馆里的新小组学习室值得体验，因此请接受我真诚的邀请。
7 give way to屈服；让步
[基础检测]——用way的相关短语填空
①There were so many people at the station that they had to push their way．
②He doesn't have the determination to make his way in the world.
③Despite the challenges, the team found their way to victory by working together and never giving up.
[能力提升]——句型转换
④When she saw the clowns, the little girl's tears were replaced by smiles.
→When she saw the clowns, the little girl's tears gave way to smiles．
push their way
make his way
found their way
gave way to smiles
lose one's way 迷路
elbow/push one's way 用胳膊肘/手推搡出一条路
make one's way 前进，行进；成功，发迹
find one's way 找到路；设法到达
[语料积累] While hiking in the forest, we lost our way and had to use a map to figure out how to get back to the main trail.(动作描写)
在森林徒步时，我们迷了路，不得不用地图来找到回主路的方向。
8 lead to导致；通往(to为介词)
[基础检测]——小语段训练
①Their lack of exercise leads to overweight，which leads them to set (set) aside some time to work out.
[能力提升]——微写作
②他带朋友到了公园，一路上解释他们看到的各种植物和动物。
He led his friend to the park, explaining along the way about the different plants and animals they saw.(动作描写)
③夜晚，船长在狂风暴雨的海上带路，利用星星和指南针安全导航。
The night saw the captain leading the way through the stormy seas, using the stars and a compass to navigate safely.(无灵主语句)
to
to set
He led his friend to the park,
leading the way
lead sb.to do... 使某人做……
lead sb.to... 引导某人到……
lead the way 带路
lead a(n)...life 过……的生活
[语料积累] (2023·全国甲卷)Confucius emphasized the importance of education and self improvement，which he believed would lead to building a harmonious society.(投稿)
孔子强调教育和自我完善的重要性，他认为这将有利于构建一个和谐的社会。
9 turn to向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；开始从事
[基础检测]——用turn的相关短语填空
①Tom remembered that he had to turn in his essay the next day. He quickly finished his essay, printed it out, and placed it in his school bag. Before going to bed, he made sure to turn off his computer.
②Mia turned on the lamp, her invention, but nothing happened. Suddenly, her best friend Alex turned up with a new solar panel. They quickly swapped it, and the lamp lit up brightly. In the end, it turned out that the original panel was faulty.
turn in
turn off
turned on
turned up
turned out
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2021·全国甲卷)得知您对中国文化感兴趣，我想就班会的话题向您寻求一些建议。
Learning you are interested in Chinese culture，I would like to turn to you for some advice on the topics of the class meeting.(求助信)
turn to you for some
advice
turn up 调大(音量等)；出现
turn down 调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn in 上交
turn on 打开
turn off 关上
turn out 结果是；证明是
[语料积累] ①turn to a new hobby(人物描写)
开始从事新爱好
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”， back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down．(动作描写)
当他在机场外停下出租车时，我付给他往返于机场和汽车站的“双程车费”，外加一大笔小费，但是他拒绝了。
10 句型公式：“not only...but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”
(教材原句)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Not only the foreign students but also the teacher has been attracted (attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far.
has been attracted
[能力提升]——一句多译
②通过这项活动，我们不仅欣赏了植物的美丽，还了解了它们生长的环境。
→Through the activity, we not only admired the beauty of plants，but also learnt about their living environment．
→Through the activity，not only did we admire the beauty of plants，but also learnt about their living environment．(倒装句)(报道)
not only admired the beauty of plants，but also learnt about
their living environment
not only did we admire the beauty of plants，but also learnt
about their living environment
(1)“not only...but also...”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略；
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装；
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与就近的主语的数保持一致。
[语料积累] (2021·浙江6月卷)Not only can you admire wonderful pictures，but you can also understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better.(活动介绍)
你不仅可以欣赏精彩的绘画，而且可以更好地了解中国画的艺术。
拾遗考点
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．These troubles came along all at the same time that I was at a loss.
2．Please take part in our school's charity run next month to help raise funds for local shelters.
3．A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee of quality．
4．I'd like to donate it to the medical research because I want to do something to help others.
at a loss
take part in
of quality
donate
to
1．take part in
参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．at a loss 不知所措
3．donate...to... 向……捐赠……
4．of quality
高质量的；优质的
5．in one's opinion
在……看来
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——形容词后缀 ed
形容词后缀 ed表示“有……的；有……特征的”。例如本单元中的单词：limit (n. 限度；限制) ＋后缀 ed转化成形容词limited(有限的)。形容词后缀 ed的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．She is a gifted student who excels in mathematics and science, often helping her classmates with difficult problems. adj. 有天赋的
2．The skilled carpenter built a beautiful wooden table that was elegant.
adj. 熟练的；有技能的
3．A balanced diet includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, proteins, and grains to maintain good health. adj. 均衡的
4．An experienced teacher can adapt lessons to meet the needs of all students, ensuring everyone learns effectively. adj. 有经验的
5．All these points of view are related, in a manner of speaking. adj. 有联系的
adj. 有天赋的
adj. 熟练的；有技能的
adj. 均衡的
adj. 有经验的
adj. 有联系的
多维演练 素养提升
第
分
部
三
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．promote
(1)(2023·全国乙卷)Not only do they look beautiful，but studies have shown that they can promote people's well being by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.C
(2)(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road，in order to promote environmental protection.A
(3)(2023·浙江1月卷)I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago.B
A.v.提倡 B．v.晋升 C．v.促进，增进
C
A
B
2．turn to
(1)(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.B
(2)It is time that he turned his mind to more serious problems.D
(3)(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.A
(4)Don't always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word.C
A.翻到 B．向……求助 C．查阅 D．转向
B
D
A
C
3．contribute to
(1)(2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.C
(2)(2020·天津7月卷)...loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.D
(3)Planting trees and reducing waste can contribute to a healthier and more sustainable environment.A
(4)He was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year.B
A.有助于 B．投稿 C．做贡献 D．导致
C
D
A
B
4．issue
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.A
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In these chapters，I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use.D
(3)(2022·全国乙卷)A four year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.C
(4)Just take whatever you like and money is not an issue．B
A.n.一期；期号 B．n.(有关某事的)问题，担忧 C．v.公布；发出 D．n.重要议题；争论的问题
A
D
C
B
5．conduct
(1)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.A
(2)It is a common sense that water conducts heat faster than air.C
(3)Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera in Europe.E
(4)For Europeans，the law is a statement of basic principles of civilized conduct．B
(5)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.D
A.v.带领 B．n.行为；举止 C．v.传导(热、电等) D．v.组织；实施；执行 E．v.指挥
A
C
E
B
D
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever growing list.
v. 记录；记载(详情)
[点拨]document (熟义) n. 文件；公文；(计算机)文档。此处用作动词，意为“记录；记载(详情)”。
2．(2021·全国甲卷)I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images．
n. 图片，照片
[点拨]image (熟义) n. 形象；印象。此处意为“图片，照片”。
v. 记录；记载(详情)
n. 图片，照片
3．(2018·江苏卷)Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers.
adj. 已确立的；老牌的
[点拨]establish (熟义) vt. 建立；创立。此处established意为“已确立的；老牌的”。
adj. 已确立的；老牌的
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(限制性定语从句)
1．He improved his physical condition by keeping a balanced (balance) diet and exercising regularly.
2．The poor waste management led to increased environmental pollution, arousing the concern among the residents.
3．The limited (limit) seating in the cafeteria made lunch uncomfortable today. I hope they add more tables soon.
4．It's worthwhile to participate/participating (participate) in our community service projects. They not only help those in need but enrich your own life experiences.
5．Linda has made contributions (contribute) to the school's debate team.
balanced
to
limited
to participate/participating
but
contributions
6．I made an attempt to persuade (persuade) her to change her mind, but I failed completely.
7．Whenever I feel confused, I turn to my teacher for advice. Her wisdom always guides me.
8．The language barrier did not prevent him from diving deep into the literature of the foreign culture.
9．The present time is the best gift that you can give yourself.
10．Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
to persuade
to
from
that
which
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．在除夕夜聚在一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐是我们家的一个传统。
It is a tradition for my family to gather for a big dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve．(节日介绍)
2．汤姆同意让步，接受莉莉的建议。
Tom agreed to give way to Lily's suggestion．
3．新图书馆不仅大，而且摆满了各种书籍。
The new library is not only big but also filled with a variety of books．(地点描写)
4．The first principal of our school is said to be a kind and wise leader.(人物描写)
→It is said that the first principal of our school was a kind and wise leader．(变为复合句)
It is a tradition for my family to gather for a big dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve
Tom agreed to give way to Lily's suggestion
The new library is not only big but also filled with a variety of books
It is said that the first principal of our school was a kind and wise leader
5．Our team is likely to win the championship.(事件描写)
→It's likely that our team will win the championship．(变为复合句)
It's likely that our team will win the championship
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假定你是你校文化遗产俱乐部成员，请你用英语写一篇新闻稿。内容包括：
1．宣传俱乐部的活动；
2．呼吁同学们加入俱乐部。
1．In an attempt to preserve the cultural heritage throughout the city (为保护整个城市的文化遗产；in an attempt to), the Heritage Protection Club was established three years ago.
2．In the process of the digital survey (在数字调查的过程中), we take an active part in heritage preservation, identify cultural relics and take photos. By sharing photos, 3.not only have we promoted people's awareness of heritage preservation, but we have also raised funds (我们不仅提高了人们对遗产保护的意识，还筹集了资金；not only...but also的倒装句). What's more, the money donated is used to 4.prevent the historic buildings from disappearing (防止历史建筑消失)．
In my opinion, it is worthwhile joining/to join the club! 5.Let's make joint efforts to make contributions to protecting the cultural heritage (让我们一起努力，为保护文化遗产作出贡献)．
In an attempt to preserve the cultural heritage throughout the city
In the process of the digital survey
not only have we promoted people's awareness of heritage preservation, but we have also
raised funds
prevent the historic buildings
from disappearing
Let's make joint efforts to
make contributions to protecting the cultural heritage
维度二 读后续写微技能7——情感细节描写：紧张
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．nervous adj. 紧张的
2．uneasy adj. 担忧的，不安的
3．uneasiness n. 担忧，不安
4．tense adj. 紧张的，焦虑的
5．tension n. 紧张，焦虑
6．with butterflies in one's stomach 某人的心里七上八下
7．one's heart pounds wildly 某人的心狂跳
8．palms sweat 手心冒汗
9．on pins and needles 如坐针毡
10．tremble nervously 紧张地颤抖着
11．one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼
12．be trapped by 被……困住
13．pace back and forth 来回踱步
14．one's mouth dries 某人口干舌燥
15．be overcome by extreme uneasiness 极度不安
16．awkward and nervous既尴尬又紧张
17．a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张
18．with uneasiness 不安地
19．a nervous glance 紧张的一瞥
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．心跳如此剧烈，他感到如坐针毡。
So violently did his heart beat that he felt on pins and needles．
2．我紧张地颤抖着，低着头，眼睛盯着地板。
Trembling nervously, I kept my head down and my eyes fixed on the floor．(非谓语动词)
3．我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了，我一动也不动，盯着眼前发生的一切。
My heart in my mouth, I didn't move an inch, staring at what was happening.(独立主格结构)
on pins and needles
Trembling nervously,
My heart in my mouth,
4．面对人群，杰森感到喉咙里有一团东西，突如其来的紧张让他说不出话来。
Facing the crowd, Jason felt a lump in his throat, his words trapped by his sudden nervousness. (独立主格结构)
5．他心里七上八下，心狂跳，手心冒汗，几乎喘不过气来。
With butterflies in his stomach, his heart pounding wildly and palms sweating, he was nearly breathless．(with复合结构)
his words trapped by his sudden
nervousness
With butterflies in his stomach, his heart pounding wildly and palms sweating,
任务2 语段表达
Feeling a flood of tension, my heart beating wildly, 1.I paced back and forth (我来回踱步). When my name was called, so nervous was I that I felt my throat tight, 2.my mouth dry (口干舌燥) and my legs trembling uncontrollably. 3.Overcome by extreme uneasiness (极度不安), I almost wanted to escape from the stage. However, I climbed onto the stage, my heart in my mouth. 4.Awkward and nervous(又尴尬又紧张), I forced a smile and glanced at the audience. Beyond my expectations, my performance went smoothly and the audience were on the edge of their seats，all applauding my performance.
I paced back and forth
my mouth
dry
Overcome by extreme uneasiness
Awkward and nervous
基础默测
第
分
部
四
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．committee n. 委员会
2．fund n. 基金；专款
3．relic n. 遗物；遗迹
4．clue n. 线索；提示
5．dam n. 水坝；拦河坝
6．protest n. 抗议 vi. & vt. (公开)反对；抗议
7．heritage n. 遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
8．temple n. 庙；寺
9．document n. 文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt. 记录；记载(详情)
10．digital adj. 数码的；数字显示的
委员会
基金；专款
遗物；遗迹
线索；提示
水坝；拦河坝
抗议
(公开)反对；抗议
遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
庙；寺
文件；公文；(计算机)文档
记录；记载(详情)
数码的；数字显示的
二、核心单词写得准
1．entrance n. 入口；进入
2．process n. 过程；进程；步骤 vt. 处理；加工
3．likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地
4．within prep. & adv. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
5．issue n. 重要议题；争论的问题 vt. 宣布；公布
6．conduct n. 行为；举止；管理方法 vt. 组织；安排；带领
7．attempt n. & vt. 企图；试图；尝试
8．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
9．download vt. 下载 n. 下载；已下载的数据资料
10．former adj. 以前的；(两者中)前者的
entrance
process
likely
within
issue
conduct
attempt
worthwhile
download
former
11．preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持 n. 保护区
12．exit n. 出口；通道 vi. & vt. 出去；离去
13．mirror n. 镜子
14．roof n. 顶部；屋顶
15．opinion n. 意见；想法；看法
preserve
exit
mirror
roof
opinion
三、拓展单词通变化
1．balance n. 平衡；均匀 vt. 使平衡→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
2．establish vt. 建立；创立→establishment n. 建立；创立
3．limit n. 限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定→limited adj. 有限的；受限制的→limitless/unlimited adj. 无限的；无尽的→limitation n. 限制；局限；极限
4．prevent vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n. 防止；预防→preventive adj. 预防性的；防备的
5．contribute vi. & vt. 捐献；捐助→contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠
6．history n. 历史→historic adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historian n. 历史学家→historical adj. (有关)历史的；历史上的
7．compare vt. 比较；对比→comparison n. 比较；相比
8．identify vt. 确认；认出；找到→identity n. 身份；个性→identification n. 识别；身份证明(文件)
balance
balanced
establish
establishment
limit
limited
limitless/unlimited
limitation
prevent
prevention
preventive
contribute
contribution
history
historic
historian
historical
compare
comparison
identify
identity
identification
四、重点词块明搭配
1．take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．give way to 让步；屈服
3．keep a balance 保持平衡
4．lead to 导致
5．make a proposal 提出建议
6．turn to 向……求助
7．prevent…from… 阻止；不准
8．donate…to… 向……捐赠……
9．prevent the loss of cultural relics 防止文物损失
10．conduct several tests 进行多次试验
take part in
give way to
keep a balance
lead to
make a proposal
向……求助
阻止；不准
向……捐赠……
防止文物损失
进行多次试验
五、教材佳句会运用
1．新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(倒装句)
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
2．这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。(not only…but also…)
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
There comes a time
Not only had the countries found a path
but they had also learnt
3．据说它是一面能分辨是非的镜子！(it＋be＋过去分词＋that从句)
It is said that it's a mirror that can tell right from wrong!
4．今天，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。(as…as…)
Today，the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
It is said that
as international as
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She made an attempt (企图) to break the world record but fell short by a few seconds.
2．The total download (下载) speed was faster than I expected, allowing me to get the files in no time.
3．The entire process (过程) of making the dish took about three hours from start to finish.
4．The roof (屋顶) of the house was covered in a thick layer of snow.
5．Different people have different opinions (看法) on the matter, and it's important to respect each viewpoint.
attempt
download
process
roof
opinions
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Every year during the festival, our family follows traditional (tradition) practices passed down from our ancestors.
2．Out of all the applicants (apply), only three will be selected for the final interview.
3．The art teacher encouraged students to think creatively (creative) and come up with unique designs.
4．Without the contribution (contribute) of our volunteers, this event would not have been a success.
5．The sudden disappearance (disappear) of the cat from the house worried the family, forcing them to search the neighborhood.
traditional
applicants
creatively
contribution
disappearance
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．She refused to give way to the opinions of others and always held her ground.
2．In life, it's vital to keep a balance between work and leisure to maintain mental well being.
3．I would like to make a proposal that we consider hosting the event in the spring instead of summer to avoid the heat.
4．During our trip, we had the opportunity to take part in a traditional festival celebration.
5．The popularity of this art form has grown, with enthusiasts and practitioners found all over the world．
all over the world；take part in；give way to；keep a balance；make a proposal
give way to
keep a balance
make a proposal
take part in
all over the world
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．到了孩子们需要知道环境保护重要性的时候了。(倒装句)
There comes a time when children need to know the importance of environmental protection.
2．这项活动不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。(not only…but also…)
Not only did the activity give us relaxation but it also got us closer to nature.
3．上周，我们学校举办了一场5公里越野赛。据报道有500多名学生参加了这场比赛。(it＋be＋过去分词＋that从句)
Our school held a 5 kilometer cross country running race last week. It is reported that more than 500 students participated in the race.
There comes a time
Not only did the activity
but it also
It is reported that
课时作业7
第
分
部
五
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2024·重庆名校联盟高三联考)
One of the world's oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan as the country battles the worst floods in its history.
Moenjodaro, a World Heritage site in the Indus River 510 kilometers (316 miles) from Karachi, was built in the Bronze Age, some 5，000 years ago.“Unfortunately we witnessed the mass destruction at the site，” reads a letter from the Culture, Tourism, Antiquities & Archives Department Government of Sindh sent to UNESCO and signed by director Ihsan Ali Abbasi and architect Naveed Ahmed Sangah.The letter adds the site was being used as temporary accommodation for surrounding residents whose own homes had flooded.
Moenjodaro's significance can't be underestimated.When it was added to UNESCO's register in 1980, the organization wrote that Moenjodaro “bears exceptional testimony(证明) to the Indus civilization，” comprising “the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent”．
The letter explains some of the immediate actions the site team has taken to mitigate the flood damage, like bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork.But it's clear that these measures will not be enough.
Abbasi and Sangah ended their letter by asking for 100 million Pakistani rupees ($45 million) to cover the costs of full repairs.UNESCO has responded to the request for help, allocating $350，000 from its emergency fund for damaged historic sites in Pakistan during UN Secretary General António Guterres's visit to the flood stricken country this week.
The funds will go to Moenjodaro and other sites including the Amri Museum.While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites, it will pay for urgent work while UNESCO and the local organization consider the best way forward.Sadly, the conservators of Moenjodaro have known for some time that flooding could bring a serious risk to the site.
In their letter, Abbasi and Sangah express concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger, which the preservation body updates periodically to highlight historic places that are at severe risk of ruin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。受巴基斯坦暴雨的影响，摩亨佐·达罗遗址严重受损，Ihsan Ali Abbasi和Naveed Ahmed Sangah写信向联合国教科文组织求助，最终获得修复资金和联合国的关注。
1．What makes Moenjodaro special to Pakistan？( )
A．The geographic feature it bears.
B．The role it played in fighting floods.
C．The mass destruction it suffered in history.
D．The value it holds in history and architecture.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中联合国教科文组织对摩亨佐·达罗的评价“Moenjodaro ‘bears exceptional testimony(证明) to the Indus civilization，' comprising ‘the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent’”可知，摩亨佐·达罗遗址是“印度河文明杰出的证明”，其中包括“印度次大陆上最古老的规划城市”。由此可见，其在历史和建筑方面意义重大，故选D。
D
2．What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph 4 probably mean？( )
A．Reduce. B．Suffer.
C．Avoid. D．Assess.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文举例提到的举措“bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork”并结合生活常识可知，引进抽水机和修补砖墙是为了减轻洪水带来的损害，故A项与画线词的意思最为接近。
A
3．Which best describes the situation of the repair work made so far？( )
A．Creative. B．Worrying.
C．Impractical. D．Satisfactory.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites”、“flooding could bring a serious risk to the site”和最后一段中的“concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger”可知，资金不足、洪水严重等情况让Abbasi和Sangah担忧摩亨佐·达罗会被列入濒危世界遗产名录。由此可知，目前的修补工作局面令人担忧，故选B。
B
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text？( )
A.Pakistan's Deadly Floods Causing Widespread Damage
B.Moenjodaro Calling for Attention to Its Severe Damage
C.Moenjodaro Added to the List of UNESCO Sites in Danger
D.Pakistan's UNESCO Site Moenjodaro Badly Damaged by Flooding
解析：主旨大意题。新闻报道的主题一般在文章的开头。根据第一段中的“One of the world's oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan”可知，本文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的联合国教科文组织世界遗址摩亨佐·达罗被洪水严重破坏，故D项适合作本文的标题。
D
(2024·福建厦门高三模拟)
The California sea otter (海獭), once hunted to the edge of extinction, has staged a thrilling comeback in the last century.Now, scientists have discovered that the otters' success story has led to something just as remarkable: the restoration of their declining coastal marsh (沼泽) habitat.
Elkhorn Slough, a coastal marsh within Monterey Bay, had been experiencing severe damage.The root cause was a growing population of shore crabs, which fed heavily on the marsh plants, weakening the structural integrity of the habitat.Coastal marshes like these are not only natural defenses against storm waves but also serve as important carbon storage areas and water cleaning systems.
The conservation driven comeback of the sea otter has been crucial.California's coastlines were once alive with sea otters.Sadly, they were nearly wiped out at the hands of fur traders.In the 1980s, conservation efforts aided these otters in reoccupying large areas of their former range.Now, Elkhorn Slough has the highest concentration of sea otters in California, with a population of about 100.By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life.Brent Hughes, a scientist working alongside Angelini, led a three year study.Their findings were clear: in areas with sea otters, crab numbers fell markedly.This led to a resurgence in plant growth, which in turn stabilized the soil and lowered the rate of soil being washed away.
As the sea otter population continues to restore, their positive impact on coastal ecosystems is likely to increase.It not only showcases the sea otter as a central species—a species that has a significant effect on its natural environment—but also highlights the essential nature of top predators (捕食者) in preserving ecological harmony.“My honest reaction was—this could become a classic in the literature，” says scientist Lekelia Jenkins.She reveals marsh restoration also helps people by reducing flooding.“Suddenly, sea otters go from just cute things we like to something that can protect our livelihoods and our properties.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍海獭的恢复历程及其对沿海沼泽生态系统的积极影响，强调了顶级捕食者在维持生态平衡中的重要作用。
5．What change did the disappearance of sea otters bring about？( )
A．Fewer predatory crabs.
B．More coastal plant life.
C．Better water cleaning effect.
D．Worse coastal ecological balance.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Elkhorn Slough…weakening the structural integrity of the habitat.”可知，海獭的消失导致了沿海生态平衡的恶化。故选D项。
D
6．What does the underlined word “resurgence” in paragraph 3 mean？( )
A．Barrier. B．Advancement.
C．Expansion. D．Revival.
解析：词句猜测题。画线词前文“By naturally feasting on crabs, the otters have helped a significant regrowth of plant life.”说明水獭通过以螃蟹为食，可以帮助植物的再生，从而推知画线词应为“复苏”的意思，与D项同义。故选D项。
D
7．What is the author's purpose in quoting Lekelia Jenkins？( )
A．To highlight the importance of coastal marshes.
B．To introduce a new research study on sea otters.
C．To demonstrate the practical benefits of sea otters.
D．To emphasize the need for increased conservation efforts.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My honest reaction…our livelihoods and our properties.”可知，作者引用Lekelia Jenkins的话是为了展示海獭对人类的实际益处，如减少洪水灾害等。故选C项。
C
8．What message is conveyed from sea otters' impact？( )
A．The necessity for controlled hunting.
B．The interconnectedness of the ecosystem.
C．The drawbacks of wildlife reintroduction.
D．The need for human intervention in nature.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As the sea otter population…in preserving ecological harmony.”可知，文章通过展示海獭对沿海生态系统的积极影响，传达了生态系统之间相互联系的信息。故选B项。
B
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·湖南湘潭高三模拟)
Smith brought his three month old son out for breakfast one day.He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating, and just doing his __1__ thing.
But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.He was __3__.“What is going on？” “They kept __4__ at me，” he wrote in a post.
As it __5__， the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son, and they felt inspired while watching the __6__.Smith had no way of knowing that until he paid for his meal.He was given by the waiter a __7__ from the couple, saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal.
文章总览
“Today your meal is on my wife and me，” it read.“__9__ that baby as long as possible.The Masons.”
For Smith, it was a happy moment of reassurance and feeling __10__.He was touched by the generosity and noted that he didn't have a father figure growing up, so spending this time with his son is super __11__ to him.
He wrote that he'll share this __12__ with his son when he's older and that he wants to teach him kindness and about the __13__ of giving back.
“I make sure I'm __14__，” Smith wrapped.“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在饭店一边吃饭，一边和儿子玩耍并照顾他。一对夫妇看到这一场景，很感动，并主动给他们提供了餐费。这位父亲决定将这份爱心传递下去，并在将来让他的儿子知道善举的意义。
文章总览
Smith brought his three month old son out for breakfast one day.He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating, and just doing his __1__ thing.
1．( )A.unusual B．rare
C．big D．regular
解析：根据上文“He was playing with his son and tending to him”可知，他做着平常的事情。故选D项。unusual不寻常的； rare稀少的；big大的；regular平常的。
D
答案分析
But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.He was __3__.“What is going on？” “They kept __4__ at me，” he wrote in a post.
2．( )A.stranger B．woman
C．couple D．waiter
解析：句意：但之后他注意到有一对夫妇盯着他看。根据下文“from the couple”可知，一对夫妇盯着他看。故选C项。stranger陌生人； woman女人；couple夫妇；waiter服务生。
C
答案分析
But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.He was __3__.“What is going on？” “They kept __4__ at me，” he wrote in a post.
3．( )A.embarrassed B．confused
C．worried D．scared
解析：句意：他很困惑。根据上文“But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.”以及下文“What is going on？”可知，Smith很困惑，不知道对方为什么盯着他看。故选B项。embarrassed尴尬的； confused困惑的；worried担忧的；scared惊恐的。
B
答案分析
But then he noticed a __2__ staring at him.He was __3__.“What is going on？” “They kept __4__ at me，” he wrote in a post.
4．( )A.shouting B．aiming
C．smiling D．getting
解析：句意：他们一直对我微笑。根据下文“the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son”可知，这对夫妇一直对着Smith微笑。故选C项。shout喊叫； aim旨在；smile微笑；get获得。
C
答案分析
As it __5__， the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son, and they felt inspired while watching the __6__.Smith had no way of knowing that until he paid for his meal.He was given by the waiter a __7__ from the couple, saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal.
5．( )A.turns out B．turns on
C．strikes out D．goes on
解析：句意：事实证明，陌生人只是很高兴看到一个父亲和他的儿子在一起，他们在观看这段关系时感觉受到了鼓舞。根据下文“the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son”可知，此处是对上文Smith的疑惑作出解释，阐述事实真相，turn out“结果是，证明是”符合语境。故选A项。turn on打开；strike out开始行动；go on继续。
A
答案分析
As it __5__， the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son, and they felt inspired while watching the __6__.Smith had no way of knowing that until he paid for his meal.He was given by the waiter a __7__ from the couple, saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal.
6．( )A.relationship B．appreciation
C．friendship D．instruction
解析：句意同上。根据上文“He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating”可知，这对夫妇看到Smith和儿子在一起，父子之间关系融洽的场景让他们受到鼓舞。故选A项。relationship关系； appreciation感激；friendship友谊；instruction指示。
A
答案分析
As it __5__， the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son, and they felt inspired while watching the __6__.Smith had no way of knowing that until he paid for his meal.He was given by the waiter a __7__ from the couple, saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal.
7．( )A.bill B．note
C．excuse D．notice
解析：句意：服务员给了他一张这对夫妇留下的纸条，上面写着他是一个多么伟大的父亲，他们想给他留一些钱当作餐费。根据下文“saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal”以及“‘Today your meal is on my wife and me，’ it read.”可知，服务员给了他一张这对夫妇留下的纸条。故选B项。bill账单； note短笺，纸条；excuse借口；notice通知。
B
答案分析
As it __5__， the strangers were just happy to see a dad spending time with his son, and they felt inspired while watching the __6__.Smith had no way of knowing that until he paid for his meal.He was given by the waiter a __7__ from the couple, saying what a great father he was and that they would like to leave some __8__ for his meal.
8．( )A.credit B．cash
C．paper D．fortune
解析：句意同上。根据下文“Today your meal is on my wife and me”可知，这对夫妇想给Smith留一些现金来请客。 故选B项。credit信用；cash现金；paper纸；fortune运气。
B
答案分析
“Today your meal is on my wife and me，” it read.“__9__ that baby as long as possible.The Masons.”
9．( )A.Enjoy B．Share
C．Protect D．Cheer
解析：句意：好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。根据上文“Smith brought his three month old son out for breakfast one day. He was playing with his son and tending to him while eating, and just doing his __1__ thing.”可知，这对夫妇让Smith好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。故选A项。enjoy享受；share分享；protect保护；cheer欢呼。
A
答案分析
For Smith, it was a happy moment of reassurance and feeling __10__.He was touched by the generosity and noted that he didn't have a father figure growing up, so spending this time with his son is super __11__ to him.
10．( )A.lost B．exposed
C．wronged D．seen
解析：句意：对Smith来说，这是一个快乐的时刻，让他感到被认可，感觉自己被关注了。根据上文“staring at him”可知，Smith被这对夫妇关注了。故选D项。lose丢失； expose暴露；wrong不公正地对待；see看到，关注。
D
答案分析
For Smith, it was a happy moment of reassurance and feeling __10__.He was touched by the generosity and noted that he didn't have a father figure growing up, so spending this time with his son is super __11__ to him.
11．( )A.significant B．occasional
C．grateful D．influential
解析：句意：他被这种慷慨感动了，并指出他在成长过程中父亲是缺位的，所以陪伴儿子对他来说非常重要。根据上文“he didn't have a father figure growing up”可知，Smith在成长过程中父亲是缺位的，所以陪伴儿子对他来说非常重要。故选A项。significant重要的； occasional偶尔的；grateful感激的；influential有影响力的。
A
答案分析
He wrote that he'll share this __12__ with his son when he's older and that he wants to teach him kindness and about the __13__ of giving back.
12．( )A.idea B．breakfast
C．joy D．story
解析：句意：他写道，当他的儿子长大后，他会和他分享这个故事，他想教他善良和回报的力量。设空处指代上文所讲的这个故事。当他的儿子长大后，Smith会和他分享这个故事。故选D项。idea观点； breakfast早餐；joy快乐；story故事。
D
答案分析
He wrote that he'll share this __12__ with his son when he's older and that he wants to teach him kindness and about the __13__ of giving back.
13．( )A.feeling B．comfort
C．power D．consequence
解析：句意同上。根据上文“he wants to teach him kindness”以及下文“of giving back”和“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”可知，他想教给儿子善良和回报的力量。故选C项。feeling感觉； comfort安慰；power力量；consequence结果。
C
答案分析
“I make sure I'm __14__，” Smith wrapped.“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”
14．( )A.carrying it through
B．paying it forward
C．making it up
D．putting it down
解析：句意：我要确保我把爱传递出去。根据下文“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”可知，Smith要确保自己把善意与爱传递出去。故选B项。carry it through坚持到底； pay it forward将接受的恩惠传递下去；make it up和解；put it down放下。
B
答案分析
“I make sure I'm __14__，” Smith wrapped.“I get blessed—I want to __15__ someone else.”
15．( )A.approach B．address
C．bless D．watch
解析：句意：我得到了祝福——我想祝福别人。根据上文“I get blessed”可知，Smith得到了别人的祝福，所以他也想祝福别人。故选C项。approach接近； address演讲；bless祝福；watch观看。
C
答案分析
