选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
frequent；sensitive；restrict；release；policy；tolerate
With more carbon dioxide and methane 1.released into the atmosphere, the earth is getting warmer and warmer.This is partly caused by burning an increasing volume of fossil fuels．The trend has a bad effect on the earth's ecology．
In our life, we also 2.frequently see some programs broadcast about polar bears，seals and penguins．Due to the melting ice, some of them are starved to death.Besides, with more tropical jungles being destroyed, the earth also becomes less habitable for some animals.Meanwhile, there is also something we can't 3.tolerate, such as the smog in the air and the garbage in the waterways and basins．
China is implementing significant 4.policies to deal with climate change, aiming 5.to restrict coal consumption, build a sustainable energy system and advocate a moderate, green and low－carbon lifestyle.Worldwide governments have also reformed policies and regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and restore the 6.sensitive ecology.Dozens of enterprises have submitted and implemented their conservation regulations.We are trying to seize every chance to do it.In spite of the ecological chaos the earth has undergone，we are sure to create a more sustainable and harmonious world.
提示：加底纹词汇为本单元复现词汇
1 starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(→starvation n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①What shocks the scientists is that many seals have died from starvation (starve) because of global warming.
②We are starving for the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.
[能力提升]——微写作
③我们惊恐万分，急于逃到一个安全的地方。
Fear held us entirely in its power, and it made us starving to flee for safety．(心理描写)
(1)starve to death 饿死
be starving for sth./to do sth.渴望某物/做某事
(2)die of/from starvation 饿死
[语料积累] ①be starving to learn a foreign language
渴望学一门外语
②Penniless and starving, the child stood near the road and begged for a meal.(场景描写)
这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘，站在路边要饭。
2 restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚(→restricted adj.受限制的；有限的→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The reports are restricted to descriptions and give no opinions about the facts.
②You may not know that in some high－cost stores smoking is only allowed in restricted (restrict) areas.
③The scientific station is cosy but has some restrictions (restrict) on personal lifestyle.
[能力提升]——微写作
④该国实行了许多政策，限制非可再生资源的使用。
The country has implemented many policies that restrict the use of non－renewable resources．(社会现象)
(1)restrict…to…
将……限制在(某地)；将……限定为(某群体)
restrict sb.to doing sth. 限制某人做某事
(2)be restricted to 仅限于……；局限于……
without restriction 毫无限制
[语料积累] ①We restricted the number of students per class to 40.
我们将每个班的学生人数限定为40人。
②Participants are encouraged to write about any topic they chose, without restriction on content or style.(活动介绍)
鼓励参与者写任何他们选择的主题，不受内容或风格的限制。
3 seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制；占领
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The troop seized the city by surprise before the enemies realised it.
②She seized hold of the child and pulled him back from the edge of the cliff.
③On hearing the heavy footsteps outside her room，she was seized (seize) with panic.
[能力提升]——微写作
④被告知这个坏消息后，她悲恸欲绝，倒在椅子上。
Informed of the bad news, she was seized by a burst of sadness and sank onto the chair.(情感、动作描写)
(1)seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
seize hold of sth. 抓住某物
seize…by surprise 突袭……
(2)seize the opportunity 抓住机遇，抓住机会
seize the day 把握今天
seize the moment 把握时机；把握此刻
(3)be seized with/by 受到……(突然)侵扰
[语料积累] I strongly recommend that you (should) seize the precious chance to improve your oral English.(建议信)
我强烈建议你抓住这个宝贵的机会提高你的英语口语。
4 submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服(→submission n．提交，呈递；顺从，屈服)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The students must submit themselves (they) to the disciplines at school.
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)And as of right now, we've received about 120 submissions (submission)．
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not submitted (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.
[能力提升]——微写作
④如果你对我们的招聘感兴趣，请在12月之前向报社提交申请表。
If you're interested in our recruitment，please submit your application form to the newspaper office before December.(招聘启事)
(1)submit (oneself) to…
甘受；服从……；听命于……
submit sth.to sb.
把……提交给……；向……提出……
(2)in submission to 服从于，屈服于
[语料积累] ①be forced into submission
被迫屈服
②in submission to the university's regulations
服从大学的规章制度
③David wiped his tears and held his head high，remarking determinedly，“I won't submit (myself) to others' thoughts.”
大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈服于其他人的看法。”
5 tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许(→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．宽容，忍受，容忍；耐受力)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Turn the volume down, please.I have little tolerance (tolerate) for noise.
②He is a very tolerant (tolerate) and understanding man，never complaining about anyone in any situation.
③Mr Smith couldn't tolerate frequently being disturbed (disturb) by noises while writing.
[能力提升]——微写作
④朋友之间应该学会忍耐对方恼人的小毛病，并容许意见出现分歧。
Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinions．(主旨升华)
(1)tolerate doing sth.(＝put up with doing sth.)
容忍做某事
can't tolerate/bear/stand (doing) sth.
无法忍受(做)某事
(2)be tolerant of/about
对……容忍
[语料积累] In teamwork, when an annoying situation arises, we'd learn to tolerate each other and coexist.(建议信)
在团队合作中，当出现不愉快的情况时，我们要学会互相容忍和共存。
6 句型公式：There is no/little doubt that… 毫无疑问……
(教材原句)There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①You can phone the doctor.However, I doubt whether he will come out on a Saturday night.
②There is no doubt that education is what we should attach importance to.
③There is no need to put (put) the meeting ahead because we still have three weeks before the end of the term.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)毫无疑问，你专业的英语知识将使学生受益匪浅。
There is no doubt that your professional knowledge of English will benefit the students greatly.
(1)There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……，that在句中引导同位语从句。
There is some doubt whether… 有……疑问
Sb.has/have no doubt that… 某人毫无疑问……
(2)I don't/never doubt that… 我确信……
I doubt whether/if… 我怀疑是否……
[名师指津] “There be＋名词”句型：
There is no difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事没有困难
There is no need to do sth.做某事没有必要
There is no point (in)doing sth.做某事没有意义
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空/单句语法填空]
1．The agreement, while seemingly generous on paper, is in effect quite restrictive.
2．The desire came upon him as he sat by the fire reading a volume of Dickens.
3．(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
4．(外研版选必四U1)The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
5．In contemporary society, it has been a trend for people to surf the Internet for the information they need.
1．in total chaos 混乱；纷乱
2．a volume of 一卷，一册
3．be sensitive to
对……敏感
4．cause damage to
对……造成损害
5．a trend for
对……而言是一种趋势
6．a number of 许多
7．in effect
在实施中；实际上
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——名词后缀 ology
名词后缀 ology表示“……科学”。例如本单元中的单词：ecology (n.生态；生态学)。常见的以后缀 ology结尾的名词有：biology; archaeology; geology; psychology; sociology; zoology。
[语境猜词]
1．Archaeology provides valuable insights into the daily lives of ancient civilizations through the study of artifacts. n. 考古学
2．Geology helps scientists predict natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions by studying the Earth's layers. n. 地质学
3．She decided to study psychology in college because she is interested in understanding why people think and act the way they do. n. 心理学
4．The sociology course covers topics such as family dynamics, cultural norms, and social inequality. n. 社会学
5．She chose to major in zoology because of her passion for wildlife and conservation.n. 动物学
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．release
A.vt.排放 B．n.发行 C．vt.释放，放走 D．vt.上映 E．n.发行物
(1)The new software is planned for release in April.B
(2)The kind girl decided to release the bird from the cage.C
(3)The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.A
(4)Of the new releases that are out there now, which do you think are really good？E
(5)The new film will be released on July 16 in the downtown cinema.D
2．moderate
A.adj.温和的，不激烈的，不偏激的 B．v.(使)缓和；(使)适中 C．adj.中等的；适度的
(1)The cabin is of moderate size—just right for a small family.C
(2)The party includes both extremely conservative and moderate members.A
(3)Weather conditions have moderated, making a rescue attempt possible.B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．Frankie continued to frequent the grounds，but as the months passed he explored farther a field.v. 常去，常到
[点拨]frequent(熟义) adj.经常的；频繁的。此处用作动词，意为“常去，常到”。
2．(2021·天津卷)Things are connected.Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas.v. 刺激，加强，启迪
[点拨]fuel(熟义) n．燃料。此处用作动词，意为“刺激，加强，启迪”。
3．(1)“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed，” says Alex Stevanovic，a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.v. 设法解决，处理
(2)(2022·全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed the opening ceremony. v. 演说；演讲
[点拨]address(熟义) n．地址 vt.写(收信人)姓名地址；致函。此处(1)意为“设法解决，处理”，(2)意为“演说；演讲”。
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配
1．Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's commitment to sustainable (sustain) development.
2．In recent years, there has been a trend for more people to work remotely, especially in the tech industry.
3．World Consumer Rights Day is celebrated annually (annual) by consumer organizations worldwide.
4．(2023·全国甲卷)He emphasized the importance of education and self－improvement, which he believed would lead to a harmonious (harmony) society.
5．In the past, I frequently submitted myself to difficulties but now I can spare no effort to handle them.
6．The restoration (restore) of the building is expected to take up to five years to complete.
7．To boost confidence, officials have repeatedly guaranteed that they will stick to a moderately (moderate) loose monetary policy.
8．The sensitive (sense) equipment needs to be handled with care to avoid damage.
9．Ecologists (ecology) argue that it is not a proper way to treat waste water with this medical method.
10．He often attempts to escape being fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．毫无疑问，这次活动不仅使我们掌握了一些实用的技能，而且增强了我们的环保意识。
There is no doubt that the activity not only equipped us with some practical skills, but also raised our awareness of environmental protection．(报道)
2．(2023·新课标卷读后续写)如果没有老师的鼓励和帮助，我就不可能赢得这个奖。(含蓄条件句)
Without my teacher's encouragement and assistance, I couldn't have won the award．
3．我们不得不承认这个事实：她是这个职位最合适的人选。(同位语从句)
We have to admit the fact that she is the most suitable person for this position．
4．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)随着社会的进步，中国在交通方面将会取得更多突破。(with复合结构)
With society developing, China will make more breakthroughs in transportation．(发言稿)
5．He wrote many novels, and some of them have been translated into English.(人物介绍)
→He wrote many novels, some of which have been translated into English．(用“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句升级)
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假定你是李华，你校学生会即将举办一次以“保护地球”为主题的环境保护运动，请你代表学生会写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1．地球环境的现状； 2．该运动的目的和要求； 3．发出号召。
Boys and girls，
It is a great honor for me to deliver a speech themed Earth Protection.
1．There is no doubt that our planet is currently facing tough environmental challenges (毫无疑问，我们的星球目前正面临着严峻的环境挑战；there is no doubt that…)．Here，on behalf of the Students' Union，I advocate that we students should make some contributions to environmental conservation.
It's (high) time that we 2.took effective measures to protect the earth (采取有效的措施保护地球)．To build a more harmonious and sustainable society，first, we should 3.raise awareness among students (在学生中增强意识)about these critical issues and encourage active participation in conservation efforts.Besides, we 4.urge everyone to adopt eco－friendly habits (敦促大家养成环保的习惯), reduce waste, and participate in clean－up activities.
I firmly believe every small step counts in creating a greener, cleaner future.5.With joint efforts (通过共同努力), we can make a difference!
That's all, thank you!
维度二 读后续写微技能29——人物的外貌、外形
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．slim but strong body 瘦削而强壮的身体 2．long legs 长腿 3．a thick moustache and long white hair 胡须浓密，头发又长又白 4．a tall and slim boy 一个又高又瘦的男孩 5．red, bushy hair 一头浓密的红发 6．smooth skin 皮肤光滑 7．straight black hair 头发又直又黑 8．only...metre(s) tall 身高只有……米 9．bright blue eyes 明亮的蓝眼睛 10．a friendly smile on one's face 某人脸上带着友善的微笑 11．wear simple clothes 穿着简单的衣服 12．a slightly odd looking but kind and funny man 一个长得有点儿奇怪但善良有趣的人
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．三十多岁时，他很瘦，脸色苍白，有一头浓密的红发。
In his thirties, he was quite thin and pale, and he had red, bushy hair. (外研版必修一U3)
2．她的皮肤仍然很光滑，头发又直又黑，慢跑使她苗条又健康。
She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit. (外研版必修一U3)
3．博格斯身高只有一米六，是NBA历史上最矮的球员。
Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (北师大版必修一U2)
4．确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life． (人教版选必一U5)
5．在大众眼中，他是一个外表有点儿古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (人教版选必一U1)
任务2 语段表达
Tom is 1.a tall and slim boy (一个又高又瘦的男孩) with short brown hair that always looks a bit messy. 2.His bright blue eyes (他明亮的蓝眼睛) sparkle with curiosity, and there's always 3.a friendly smile on his face (脸上带着友善的微笑). He usually 4.wears simple clothes (穿着简单的衣服), like a plain T shirt and jeans, but they suit him well. 5.His long legs (他的长腿) help him run fast, and he often wins races at school. Despite his athletic ability, Tom is very humble and never shows off. He is well received by his classmates not just for his looks, but for his kindness and willingness to help others. Tom's appearance and personality make him a popular student at school．
————基础默测—————
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．graph n. 图；图表；曲线图
2．emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放
3．dioxide n. 二氧化物
4．habitable adj. 适合居住的
5．fossil n. 化石
6．footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
7．implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行
8．tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的
9．jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林
10．smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
11．originate vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立
12．volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
13．enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
14．disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理
15．agenda n. 议程表；议事日程
二、核心单词写得准
1．melt vi. & vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化
2．release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布
3．carbon n. 碳
4．fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 vt. 加强；刺激
5．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
6．trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向
7．policy n. 政策；方针；原则
8．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
9．reform vt. & vi. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良
10．annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴
11．garbage n. 垃圾；废物
12．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
13．fine vt. 对……处以罚款
14．campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动
三、拓展单词通变化
1．starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死
2．sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的
3．frequent adj. 经常的；频繁的→frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequency n. 频繁
4．restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→restricted adj. 受限制的；保密的
5．harmony n. 融洽；一致→harmonious adj. 和谐的
6．submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服→submission n. 提交；呈递；屈服
7．conserve vt. 保护→conservation n. 对(环境、文物等) 保护；保持→conservative adj. 保守的
8．regulate v. 调整；校准；管理→regulation n. 章程；规章制度→regular adj. 定期的；有规律的→irregular adj. 不整齐的；不规则的；不正常的
9．inspect vt. 检查；视察→inspection n. 检查；查看；视察→inspector n. 检查员；视察员
10．tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许→tolerance n. 容忍；宽容→tolerable adj. 可容忍的→tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的
四、重点词块明搭配
1．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人
2．dozens of 许多；很多
3．have an impact on 对……有影响
4．cause damage to 对……造成损害
5．carry out 履行；执行
6．keep Earth's climate warm and habitable 使地球保持气候温暖、适宜居住
7．be trapped in the atmosphere 被困在大气层中
8．take appropriate action 采取适当的措施
9．reduce our “carbon footprint” 减少我们的“碳足迹”
10．carry out inspections regularly 定期进行检查
五、教材佳句会运用
1．毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。(There is little doubt that…)
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph)．
2．在此之前，由于游客数量的增加，漓江的水质遭到了严重破坏，(因为)很多游客经常往江中扔垃圾。(“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river．
3．随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物最终流入江中，水污染的程度加剧了。(with复合结构)
Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river．
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The government is encouraging all parties to play a constructive role in the reform (改革) process.
2．After the news was broadcast (播放) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely, the specialists all cheered with great joy.
3．We should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology (生态)．
4．It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．
5．Besides, its tea culture and traditional handicrafts hold worldwide (遍及全球的) appeal.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)His father frequently (frequent) amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colourful pictures.
2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation (conserve) programs ever initiated.
3. With snow melting (melt), the plum trees start to flower, representing the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
4．She arrived to carry out a health and safety inspection (inspect) of the building.
5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels (fuel) my appetite quite like Italy.
Ⅲ.选词填空
dozens of；have an impact on；along with；bring about；carry out
1．There has been a rapid decline in unemployment since the new policy was carried out．
2．Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.
3．Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，is regarded as one of the best all round forms of exercise.
4．It is proved that traditional Chinese medicine has brought about great relief to his stomachache.
5．Not only does a good habit affect our lives and health, it also has an impact on the future.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．毫无疑问，中国在国际舞台上扮演着越来越重要的角色。(There is no/little doubt that…)
There is no/little doubt that China is playing a more and more important role in the international stage.
2．(2022·新高考卷读后续写)在同学们的欢呼声中，他终于到达了终点。(with复合结构)
With his classmates cheering for him, he arrived at the finishing line eventually.
3．该俱乐部在全球拥有6.59亿粉丝，其中很多来自亚洲。(“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
The club has 659 million followers in the world，many of whom are from Asia．
4．(2024·新课标卷读后续写)没有你的热心帮助，我会陷入一个进退两难的境地。(含蓄条件句)
Without your enthusiastic help, I would have got into a big dilemma.
课时作业29
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2025·T8联考)
Adams Cassinga has had many identities: refugee(难民), journalist, mining consultant. And now, defender of wildlife.
As a child, he was fascinated by animals—gorillas living in the forests outside his hometown of Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—but his path to conservation was winding. His father, who feared Adams would be taken as a child soldier, sent him to South Africa. In Johannesburg, Adams learnt to survive on the streets while teaching himself English in public libraries. After he was granted official refugee status, he studied journalism and landed his first job working for a local newspaper. While working as an investigative reporter in 2006, Adams was shot three times! Adams changed career paths again, this time to work in the profitable mining industry in South Africa. In this role, he returned years later to the DRC to visit gold mines.
One day, while flying to a gold mine in northeastern Congo, Adams saw the wounds of mining operations on the lush forest landscape. He began to think about the beauty of his country's wild places and the struggle to protect them. After volunteering as an honorary ranger(护林人), Adams took his wildlife mission one big step further, founding Conserve Congo in 2017. Conserve Congo fights illegal hunting and trafficking(非法交易) through undercover investigations in pursuit of criminals in the illegal wildlife trade. With a team of volunteers including police officers, politicians and students, Adams steals into trafficking networks and conducts organized traps with the authorities.
Adams places great value in winning over the hearts and minds of the police officers he works with. “They need to understand the reason behind what we do. We have to transform them into nature lovers. They can only protect what they know and love，”he says. It also partners with multiple national parks, helping to prevent illegal hunting, training volunteers to patrol the parks with rangers, and buying uniforms and other supplies for rangers. To date, the non profit has worked on more than 6，000 criminal cases, rescued hundreds of trafficked animals from chimps to parrots, and seized tons of ivory and pangolin scales.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Adams Cassinga从难民到野生动物保护者，创立“保护刚果”组织，通过卧底调查来打击非法狩猎和野生动物交易，致力于保护刚果的自然环境和野生动物的故事。
1．What did Adams go through when he arrived in South Africa？( C )
A．Civil war.
B．Culture shock.
C．Language barrier.
D．Regional discrimination.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第三句“In Johannesburg, Adams learnt to survive on the streets while teaching himself English in public libraries.”可知，Adams在约翰内斯堡时学会了在街头生存，同时在公共图书馆自学英语。由此可推断出他刚到南非时面临着语言障碍。
2．What motivated Adams to start out on the path of conservation？( D )
A．The beautiful scenery of the forest.
B．The deep affection for wild animals.
C．The gold mine in northeastern Congo.
D．The forest destruction caused by mining.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句和第二句可知，Adams在飞往刚果东北部的一个金矿时，看到了采矿作业对茂密森林景观的破坏，于是开始思考保护国家野生动植物的重要性。因此，采矿导致的森林破坏促使Adams走上了保护野生动植物之路。
3．What is Adams trying to achieve in partnership with the police officers？( D )
A．A uniform rule for national parks.
B．A comprehensive supply for rangers.
C．A scientific system of training volunteers.
D．A transformation in attitude towards nature.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They need to understand the reason behind what we do. We have to transform them into nature lovers. They can only protect what they know and love…”可知，Adams与警察合作的目标是尽力改变他们对自然的态度，让他们成为自然爱好者，从而更积极地参与保护工作。
4．Which words can best describe Adams？( B )
A．Rigid and reserved.
B．Active and committed.
C．Adaptable and humorous.
D．Humble and diligent.
解析：推理判断题。文章描述了Adams Cassinga作为野生动物保护者的经历，他经历了多种身份的转变，最终致力于保护刚果的自然环境和野生动物。他创立“保护刚果”组织，通过卧底调查来打击非法狩猎和野生动物交易，并与警方、国家公园等多方合作，积极展开保护工作。这表明Adams是一个积极行动、尽心尽力投入保护行动的人。
(2024·山东济南高三模拟)
Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed (浮萍), one of nature's fastest growing water plants. Changing such plant oil into biofuels for transportation and heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future. For a new study, led by Shanklin, a biochemist, in the Plant Biotechnology Journal, researchers genetically engineered duckweed plants to produce seven times more oil per acre than soybeans—currently the most commonly used biofuel producing plant.
Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels can be regained faster than they are used. Fuels made from new and used vegetable oils, animal fat can have a lower carbon footprint than fossil fuels do, depending on how they are sourced, but there has been a recent opposition against them. This is partly because so many crops now go into energy production rather than food. Besides, biofuels take up more than 100 million acres of the world's agricultural land.
Duckweed, common on every continent but Antarctica, is among the world's most productive plants per acre, and the researchers suggest it could be a game changing renewable energy source mainly because of the fact that it grows readily in water, so it wouldn't compete with food crops for agricultural land. Moreover, Shanklin and his team found a way to sidestep a major biotechnological hurdle.
According to Rebecca Roston, a biochemist at the University of Nebraska, who was not involved in the study, engineered green plants typically expend a lot of energy on oil production and thus stop growing. For the new study, Shanklin says, the researchers added an oil producing gene that would be inactive at first, and then “turn it on like a light switch” by introducing a particular molecule (分子) only when the plant had finished growing.
This process “went fabulously well，” Roston says. “If it works in other species, this can solve one of our biggest issues, which is how we can make more oil in more plants without negatively affecting growth.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家发现可通过基因改造浮萍来大量生产生物燃料，该植物不占用农业用地，能克服生物技术难题，提高植物产油率且不影响生长，为解决生物燃料生产问题提供新途径。该发现为可持续能源发展提供了新思路，有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖，降低碳足迹，促进环保和经济发展。
5．What can be learned about duckweed plants from the text？( C )
A．They have vital nutrients for humans.
B．They pose threat to agricultural lands.
C．They are engineered to make biofuels.
D．They absorb less carbon than soybeans.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed(浮萍)…heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future.”可知，从浮萍中提取的植物油可以转化为生物燃料用于运输和取暖，因此，我们可以得出结论，浮萍植物被用来制造生物燃料，故选C项。
6．What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 3 mean？( B )
A．Extend. B．Overcome.
C．Enhance. D．Worsen.
解析：词句猜测题。结合语境可知，因为浮萍可以被用于制造生物燃料而又不会与粮食作物争夺农业用地，所以Shanklin和他的团队应是找到了一种方法来克服将从浮萍中提取的植物油转化为生物燃料的技术障碍，所以画线词的意思应为“克服、跨越或避开障碍”，与B项“Overcome(克服)”意思相近，故选B项。
7．What can we learn from what Rebecca Roston said？( A )
A．The gene activation method is promising.
B．Roston participated in Shanklin's research.
C．Biofuel production will cease plant growth.
D．Biofuel production competes with food crops.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Roston所说的话可知，基因激活方法是有前途的，可以应用于其他物种，来提高生物燃料的产量，故选A项。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text？( B )
A．An energy revolution is unavoidable
B．Duckweed: An ideal green energy source
C．A perfect replacement for biofuels is found
D．Biofuel: A practical solution for energy crisis
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了科学家们如何利用浮萍植物来制造生物燃料，介绍了浮萍植物的特性和优势，以及其在生物燃料制造方面的应用前景，强调了浮萍作为一种可持续、环保的能源来源的重要性，因此B项“Duckweed: An ideal green energy source(浮萍：理想的绿色能源来源)”最适合作为文章标题，故选B项。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·河北承德高三联考)
This is the first cross provincial ecological restoration project in China，1 design that is truly paving the way for the future. Green ecology and harmony is the theme and the end result is 2 (absolute) amazing.
3 (design) by the Tus Design Group Co.Ltd, this incredible shoreline linkage project uses the wetlands as part of the design. The Yangtze River is integrated 4 the design as well. The project's aim is to restore and improve the shoreline, creating a home for native plants, wildlife and people who want to come here and enjoy the natural 5 (beautiful)．
Additionally, this design honors the water culture of the Yangtze River. The project was created so as not to disturb the natural patterns of the fish and provide a place for native plants 6 (grow) healthily.
Moreover, there's a hidden flood control walkway, which combines the shoreline with plants, terrain (地形) and the 7 (exist) surroundings. The walkway is hidden within the environment, which creates an even 8 (dynamic) experience while walking.
Meanwhile, the walking path 9 (surround) by native grasses and plants with beautiful views all around. The ecological pavement leads past watery areas that are perfect for picnicking. There are public spaces everywhere, all of 10 honor nature.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国第一个跨省的生态修复项目，这是一个真正为未来铺平道路的设计。
1．a
解析：考查冠词。句意：这是中国第一个跨省的生态修复项目，一个真正为未来铺平道路的设计。design意为“设计”，为可数名词，作同位语，句中用的单数，其前应用不定冠词修饰，design发音为辅音音素开头，故用a修饰。故填a。
2．absolutely
解析：考查副词。句意：绿色生态与和谐是主题，最终的结果绝对是惊人的。空后是形容词，所以空处应填副词，absolute的副词为absolutely，意为“绝对地”。故填absolutely。
3．Designed
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由启迪设计集团有限公司设计，这个令人难以置信的海岸线连接项目将湿地作为设计的一部分。本句已有谓语动词uses，所以design用非谓语动词作状语，根据句意以及空后的by可知，用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Designed。
4．into
解析：考查介词。句意：长江也被纳入设计之中。此处是固定搭配integrate…into…，意为“将……融入到……”。故填into。
5．beauty
解析：考查名词。句意：该项目的目的是恢复和改善海岸线，为本地植物、野生动物和想要来这里享受自然美景的人们创造一个家园。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，beautiful的名词形式是beauty。故填beauty。
6．to grow
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目旨在不干扰鱼类的自然模式，并为本地植物提供健康生长的场所。本句已有谓语动词was created，所以grow用非谓语形式，根据句意可知，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。
7．existing
解析：考查形容词。句意：此外，还有一条隐藏的防洪通道，将海岸线与植物、地形和现有环境相结合。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，exist的形容词形式是existing，意为“现存的”。故填existing。
8．more dynamic
解析：考查比较等级。句意：通道隐藏在环境中，在行走时创造了更加动态的体验。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据前文的even可知用比较级形式。故填more dynamic。
9．is surrounded
解析：考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：与此同时，步道周围是天然的草和植物，周围景色优美。此处为谓语动词，根据空后的by以及句意可知，surround与主语the walking path之间为被动关系，所以使用被动语态，且该句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语the walking path为第三人称单数。故填is surrounded。
10．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：到处都有公共空间，所有这些都是尊重自然的。 此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，且指代public spaces，所以此处用which。故填which。(共81张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
RJ英语
选择性必修第三册
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
高效课堂 考点突破
多维演练 素养提升
第一部分
第二部分
第三部分
重难考点
拾遗考点
A
B
课时作业29
第五部分
基础默测
第四部分
默写达标
基础检测
A
B
词汇复现 语境串记
第
分
部
一
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
With more carbon dioxide and methane 1.released into the atmosphere, the earth is getting warmer and warmer.This is partly caused by burning an increasing volume of fossil fuels．The trend has a bad effect on the earth's ecology．
In our life, we also 2.frequently see some programs broadcast about polar bears，seals and penguins．Due to the melting ice, some of them are starved to death.Besides, with more tropical jungles being destroyed, the earth also becomes less habitable for some animals.Meanwhile, there is also something we can't 3.tolerate, such as the smog in the air and the garbage in the waterways and basins．
frequent；sensitive；restrict；release；policy；tolerate
released
frequently
tolerate,
China is implementing significant 4.policies to deal with climate change, aiming 5.to restrict coal consumption, build a sustainable energy system and advocate a moderate, green and low－carbon lifestyle.Worldwide governments have also reformed policies and regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and restore the 6.sensitive ecology.Dozens of enterprises have submitted and implemented their conservation regulations.We are trying to seize every chance to do it.In spite of the ecological chaos the earth has undergone，we are sure to create a more sustainable and harmonious world.
frequent；sensitive；restrict；release；policy；tolerate
policies
to restrict
sensitive
高效课堂 考点突破
第
分
部
二
1 starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(→starvation n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①What shocks the scientists is that many seals have died from starvation (starve) because of global warming.
②We are starving for the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.
[能力提升]——微写作
③我们惊恐万分，急于逃到一个安全的地方。
Fear held us entirely in its power, and it made us starving to flee for safety．(心理描写)
重难考点
starvation
for
made us starving to flee for safety
(1)starve to death 饿死
be starving for sth./to do sth.渴望某物/做某事
(2)die of/from starvation 饿死
[语料积累] ①be starving to learn a foreign language
渴望学一门外语
②Penniless and starving, the child stood near the road and begged for a meal.(场景描写)
这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘，站在路边要饭。
2 restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚(→restricted adj.受限制的；有限的→restriction
n．限制规定；限制法规；约束)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The reports are restricted to descriptions and give no opinions about the facts.
②You may not know that in some high－cost stores smoking is only allowed in restricted (restrict) areas.
③The scientific station is cosy but has some restrictions (restrict) on personal lifestyle.
[能力提升]——微写作
④该国实行了许多政策，限制非可再生资源的使用。
The country has implemented many policies that restrict the use of non－renewable resources．(社会现象)
to
restricted
restrictions
restrict the use of non－renewable
resources
(1)restrict…to…
将……限制在(某地)；将……限定为(某群体)
restrict sb.to doing sth. 限制某人做某事
(2)be restricted to 仅限于……；局限于……
without restriction 毫无限制
[语料积累] ①We restricted the number of students per class to 40.
我们将每个班的学生人数限定为40人。
②Participants are encouraged to write about any topic they chose, without restriction on content or style.(活动介绍)
鼓励参与者写任何他们选择的主题，不受内容或风格的限制。
3 seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制；占领
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The troop seized the city by surprise before the enemies realised it.
②She seized hold of the child and pulled him back from the edge of the cliff.
③On hearing the heavy footsteps outside her room，she was seized (seize) with panic.
[能力提升]——微写作
④被告知这个坏消息后，她悲恸欲绝，倒在椅子上。
Informed of the bad news, she was seized by a burst of sadness and sank onto the chair.(情感、动作描写)
by
of
was seized
was seized by
(1)seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
seize hold of sth. 抓住某物
seize…by surprise 突袭……
(2)seize the opportunity 抓住机遇，抓住机会
seize the day 把握今天
seize the moment 把握时机；把握此刻
(3)be seized with/by 受到……(突然)侵扰
[语料积累] I strongly recommend that you (should) seize the precious chance to improve your oral English.(建议信)
我强烈建议你抓住这个宝贵的机会提高你的英语口语。
4 submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服(→submission n．提交，呈递；顺从，屈服)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The students must submit themselves (they) to the disciplines at school.
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)And as of right now, we've received about 120 submissions (submission)．
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not submitted (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.
[能力提升]——微写作
④如果你对我们的招聘感兴趣，请在12月之前向报社提交申请表。
If you're interested in our recruitment，please submit your application form to the newspaper office before December.(招聘启事)
themselves
submissions
submitted
submit your application form to
(1)submit (oneself) to… 甘受；服从……；听命于……
submit sth.to sb.把……提交给……；向……提出……
(2)in submission to 服从于，屈服于
[语料积累] ①be forced into submission
被迫屈服
②in submission to the university's regulations
服从大学的规章制度
③David wiped his tears and held his head high，remarking determinedly，“I won't submit (myself) to others' thoughts.”
大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈服于其他人的看法。”
5 tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许(→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．宽
容，忍受，容忍；耐受力)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Turn the volume down, please.I have little tolerance (tolerate) for noise.
②He is a very tolerant (tolerate) and understanding man，never complaining about anyone in any situation.
③Mr Smith couldn't tolerate frequently being disturbed (disturb) by noises while writing.
[能力提升]——微写作
④朋友之间应该学会忍耐对方恼人的小毛病，并容许意见出现分歧。
Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinions．(主旨升华)
tolerance
tolerant
being disturbed
tolerate differences of
opinions
(1)tolerate doing sth.(＝put up with doing sth.)
容忍做某事
can't tolerate/bear/stand (doing) sth.
无法忍受(做)某事
(2)be tolerant of/about
对……容忍
[语料积累] In teamwork, when an annoying situation arises, we'd learn to tolerate each other and coexist.(建议信)
在团队合作中，当出现不愉快的情况时，我们要学会互相容忍和共存。
6 句型公式：There is no/little doubt that… 毫无疑问……
(教材原句)There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①You can phone the doctor.However, I doubt whether he will come out on a Saturday night.
②There is no doubt that education is what we should attach importance to.
③There is no need to put (put) the meeting ahead because we still have three weeks before the end of the term.
whether
that
to put
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)毫无疑问，你专业的英语知识将使学生受益匪浅。
There is no doubt that your professional knowledge of English will benefit the students greatly.
There is no doubt that
(1)There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……，that在句中引导同位语从句。
There is some doubt whether… 有……疑问
Sb.has/have no doubt that… 某人毫无疑问……
(2)I don't/never doubt that… 我确信……
I doubt whether/if… 我怀疑是否……
[名师指津] “There be＋名词”句型：
There is no difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事没有困难
There is no need to do sth.做某事没有必要
There is no point (in)doing sth.做某事没有意义
拾遗考点
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空/单句语法填空]
1．The agreement, while seemingly generous on paper, is in effect quite restrictive.
2．The desire came upon him as he sat by the fire reading a volume of Dickens.
3．(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
4．(外研版选必四U1)The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
5．In contemporary society, it has been a trend for people to surf the Internet for the information they need.
in effect
a volume of
be sensitive to
a number of
for
1．in total chaos 混乱；纷乱
2．a volume of 一卷，一册
3．be sensitive to 对……敏感
4．cause damage to 对……造成损害
5．a trend for 对……而言是一种趋势
6．a number of 许多
7．in effect 在实施中；实际上
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——名词后缀 ology
名词后缀 ology表示“……科学”。例如本单元中的单词：ecology (n.生态；生态学)。常见的以后缀 ology结尾的名词有：biology; archaeology; geology; psychology; sociology; zoology。
[语境猜词]
1．Archaeology provides valuable insights into the daily lives of ancient civilizations through the study of artifacts. n. 考古学
2．Geology helps scientists predict natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions by studying the Earth's layers. n. 地质学
3．She decided to study psychology in college because she is interested in understanding why people think and act the way they do. n. 心理学
4．The sociology course covers topics such as family dynamics, cultural norms, and social inequality. n. 社会学
5．She chose to major in zoology because of her passion for wildlife and conservation.
n. 动物学
n. 考古学
n. 地质学
n. 心理学
n. 社会学
n. 动物学
多维演练 素养提升
第
分
部
三
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．release
(1)The new software is planned for release in April.B
(2)The kind girl decided to release the bird from the cage.C
(3)The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.A
(4)Of the new releases that are out there now, which do you think are really good？E
(5)The new film will be released on July 16 in the downtown cinema.D
A.vt.排放 B．n.发行 C．vt.释放，放走 D．vt.上映 E．n.发行物
B
C
A
E
D
2．moderate
(1)The cabin is of moderate size—just right for a small family.C
(2)The party includes both extremely conservative and moderate members.A
(3)Weather conditions have moderated, making a rescue attempt possible.B
A.adj.温和的，不激烈的，不偏激的 B．v.(使)缓和；(使)适中 C．adj.中等的；适度的
C
A
B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．Frankie continued to frequent the grounds，but as the months passed he explored farther a field.
v. 常去，常到
[点拨]frequent(熟义) adj.经常的；频繁的。此处用作动词，意为“常去，常到”。
2．(2021·天津卷)Things are connected.Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas.
v. 刺激，加强，启迪
[点拨]fuel(熟义) n．燃料。此处用作动词，意为“刺激，加强，启迪”。
v. 常去，常到
v. 刺激，加强，启迪
3．(1)“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed，” says Alex Stevanovic，a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.
v. 设法解决，处理
(2)(2022·全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed the opening ceremony.
v. 演说；演讲
[点拨]address(熟义) n．地址 vt.写(收信人)姓名地址；致函。此处(1)意为“设法解决，处理”，(2)意为“演说；演讲”。
v. 设法解决，处理
v. 演说；演讲
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配
1．Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's commitment to sustainable (sustain) development.
2．In recent years, there has been a trend for more people to work remotely, especially in the tech industry.
3．World Consumer Rights Day is celebrated annually (annual) by consumer organizations worldwide.
4．(2023·全国甲卷)He emphasized the importance of education and self－improvement, which he believed would lead to a harmonious (harmony) society.
5．In the past, I frequently submitted myself to difficulties but now I can spare no effort to handle them.
sustainable
for
annually
harmonious
to
6．The restoration (restore) of the building is expected to take up to five years to complete.
7．To boost confidence, officials have repeatedly guaranteed that they will stick to a moderately (moderate) loose monetary policy.
8．The sensitive (sense) equipment needs to be handled with care to avoid damage.
9．Ecologists (ecology) argue that it is not a proper way to treat waste water with this medical method.
10．He often attempts to escape being fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
restoration
moderately
sensitive
Ecologists
being fined
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．毫无疑问，这次活动不仅使我们掌握了一些实用的技能，而且增强了我们的环保意识。
There is no doubt that the activity not only equipped us with some practical skills, but also raised our awareness of environmental protection．(报道)
2．(2023·新课标卷读后续写)如果没有老师的鼓励和帮助，我就不可能赢得这个奖。(含蓄条件句)
Without my teacher's encouragement and assistance, I couldn't have won the award．
3．我们不得不承认这个事实：她是这个职位最合适的人选。(同位语从句)
We have to admit the fact that she is the most suitable person for this position．
There is no doubt that the activity not only equipped us with some practical skills, but
also raised our awareness of environmental protection
Without my teacher's encouragement and assistance, I couldn't have won the award
We have to admit the fact that she is the most suitable person for this position
4．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)随着社会的进步，中国在交通方面将会取得更多突破。(with复合结构)
With society developing, China will make more breakthroughs in transportation．(发言稿)
5．He wrote many novels, and some of them have been translated into English.(人物介绍)
→He wrote many novels, some of which have been translated into English．(用“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句升级)
With society developing, China will make more breakthroughs in transportation
He wrote many novels, some of which have been translated into English
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假定你是李华，你校学生会即将举办一次以“保护地球”为主题的环境保护运动，请你代表学生会写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．地球环境的现状；
2．该运动的目的和要求；
3．发出号召。
Boys and girls，
It is a great honor for me to deliver a speech themed Earth Protection.
1．There is no doubt that our planet is currently facing tough environmental challenges (毫无疑问，我们的星球目前正面临着严峻的环境挑战；there is no doubt that…)．Here，on behalf of the Students' Union，I advocate that we students should make some contributions to environmental conservation.
It's (high) time that we 2.took effective measures to protect the earth (采取有效的措施保护地球)．To build a more harmonious and sustainable society，first, we should 3.raise awareness among students (在学生中增强意识)about these critical issues and encourage active participation in conservation efforts.Besides, we 4.urge everyone to adopt eco－friendly habits (敦促大家养成环保的习惯), reduce waste, and participate in clean－up activities.
There is no doubt that our planet is currently facing tough environmental challenges
took effective measures to protect the earth
raise
awareness among students
urge everyone to adopt eco－
friendly habits
I firmly believe every small step counts in creating a greener, cleaner future.5.With joint efforts (通过共同努力), we can make a difference!
That's all, thank you!
With joint
efforts
维度二 读后续写微技能29——人物的外貌、外形
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．slim but strong body 瘦削而强壮的身体
2．long legs 长腿
3．a thick moustache and long white hair 胡须浓密，头发又长又白
4．a tall and slim boy 一个又高又瘦的男孩
5．red, bushy hair 一头浓密的红发
6．smooth skin 皮肤光滑
7．straight black hair 头发又直又黑
8．only...metre(s) tall 身高只有……米
9．bright blue eyes 明亮的蓝眼睛
10．a friendly smile on one's face 某人脸上带着友善的微笑
11．wear simple clothes 穿着简单的衣服
12．a slightly odd looking but kind and funny man
一个长得有点儿奇怪但善良有趣的人
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．三十多岁时，他很瘦，脸色苍白，有一头浓密的红发。
In his thirties, he was quite thin and pale, and he had red, bushy hair. (外研版必修一U3)
2．她的皮肤仍然很光滑，头发又直又黑，慢跑使她苗条又健康。
She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit. (外研版必修一U3)
3．博格斯身高只有一米六，是NBA历史上最矮的球员。
Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (北师大版必修一U2)
red, bushy hair
smooth skin
straight black hair,
was only 1.6 metres tall,
4．确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life． (人教版选必一U5)
5．在大众眼中，他是一个外表有点儿古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (人教版选必一U1)
slim but strong body
a slightly odd looking but kind and funny man
a thick moustache and long white hair,
任务2 语段表达
Tom is 1.a tall and slim boy (一个又高又瘦的男孩) with short brown hair that always looks a bit messy. 2.His bright blue eyes (他明亮的蓝眼睛) sparkle with curiosity, and there's always 3.a friendly smile on his face (脸上带着友善的微笑). He usually 4.wears simple clothes (穿着简单的衣服), like a plain T shirt and jeans, but they suit him well. 5.His long legs (他的长腿) help him run fast, and he often wins races at school. Despite his athletic ability, Tom is very humble and never shows off. He is well received by his classmates not just for his looks, but for his kindness and willingness to help others. Tom's appearance and personality make him a popular student at school．
a tall and slim boy
His bright blue eyes
a friendly smile on his face
Wears
simple clothes
His
long legs
基础默测
第
分
部
四
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．graph n. 图；图表；曲线图
2．emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放
3．dioxide n. 二氧化物
4．habitable adj. 适合居住的
5．fossil n. 化石
6．footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
7．implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行
8．tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的
图；图表；曲线图
排放物；散发物；排放
二氧化物
适合居住的
化石
足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
使生效；贯彻；执行
热带的；来自热带的
9．jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林
10．smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
11．originate vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立
12．volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
13．enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
14．disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理
15．agenda n. 议程表；议事日程
(热带)丛林；密林
烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
起源；发源；创立
量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
公司；企业；事业
去掉；清除；处理
议程表；议事日程
二、核心单词写得准
1．melt vi. & vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化
2．release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布
3．carbon n. 碳
4．fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 vt. 加强；刺激
5．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
6．trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向
7．policy n. 政策；方针；原则
8．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
9．reform vt. & vi. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良
10．annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴
melt
release
carbon
fuel
comprehensive
trend
policy
seize
reform
annual
11．garbage n. 垃圾；废物
12．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
13．fine vt. 对……处以罚款
14．campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动
garbage
restore
fine
campaign
三、拓展单词通变化
1．starve vi. & vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死
2．sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的
3．frequent adj. 经常的；频繁的→frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequency n. 频繁
4．restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→restricted adj. 受限制的；保密的
5．harmony n. 融洽；一致→harmonious adj. 和谐的
6．submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服→submission n. 提交；呈递；屈服
7．conserve vt. 保护→conservation n. 对(环境、文物等) 保护；保持→conservative adj. 保守的
starve
starvation
sustain
sustainable
frequent
frequently
frequency
restrict
restriction
restricted
harmony
harmonious
submit
submission
conserve
conservation
conservative
8．regulate v. 调整；校准；管理→regulation n. 章程；规章制度→regular adj. 定期的；有规律的→irregular adj. 不整齐的；不规则的；不正常的
9．inspect vt. 检查；视察→inspection n. 检查；查看；视察→inspector n. 检查员；视察员
10．tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许→tolerance n. 容忍；宽容→tolerable adj. 可容忍的→tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的
regulate
regulation
regular
irregular
inspect
inspection
inspector
tolerate
tolerance
tolerable
tolerant
四、重点词块明搭配
1．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人
2．dozens of 许多；很多
3．have an impact on 对……有影响
4．cause damage to 对……造成损害
5．carry out 履行；执行
6．keep Earth's climate warm and habitable 使地球保持气候温暖、适宜居住
7．be trapped in the atmosphere 被困在大气层中
8．take appropriate action 采取适当的措施
9．reduce our “carbon footprint” 减少我们的“碳足迹”
10．carry out inspections regularly 定期进行检查
on behalf of
dozens of
have an impact on
cause damage to
carry out
使地球保持气候温暖、适宜居住
被困在大气层中
采取适当的措施
减少我们的“碳足迹”
定期进行检查
五、教材佳句会运用
1．毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。(There is little doubt that…)
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph)．
2．在此之前，由于游客数量的增加，漓江的水质遭到了严重破坏，(因为)很多游客经常往江中扔垃圾。(“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river．
3．随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物最终流入江中，水污染的程度加剧了。(with复合结构)
Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river．
There is little doubt that
many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river
with more household and commercial waste ending up
in the river
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The government is encouraging all parties to play a constructive role in the reform (改革) process.
2．After the news was broadcast (播放) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely, the specialists all cheered with great joy.
3．We should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology (生态)．
4．It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．
5．Besides, its tea culture and traditional handicrafts hold worldwide (遍及全球的) appeal.
reform
broadcast
ecology
restored
worldwide
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)His father frequently (frequent) amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colourful pictures.
2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation (conserve) programs ever initiated.
3. With snow melting (melt), the plum trees start to flower, representing the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
4．She arrived to carry out a health and safety inspection (inspect) of the building.
5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels (fuel) my appetite quite like Italy.
frequently
conservation
melting
inspection
fuels
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．There has been a rapid decline in unemployment since the new policy was carried out．
2．Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.
3．Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，is regarded as one of the best all round forms of exercise.
4．It is proved that traditional Chinese medicine has brought about great relief to his stomachache.
5．Not only does a good habit affect our lives and health, it also has an impact on the future.
dozens of；have an impact on；along with；bring about；carry out
carried
out
dozens of
along with
brought about
has an impact on
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．毫无疑问，中国在国际舞台上扮演着越来越重要的角色。(There is no/little doubt that…)
There is no/little doubt that China is playing a more and more important role in the international stage.
2．(2022·新高考卷读后续写)在同学们的欢呼声中，他终于到达了终点。(with复合结构)
With his classmates cheering for him, he arrived at the finishing line eventually.
3．该俱乐部在全球拥有6.59亿粉丝，其中很多来自亚洲。(“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
The club has 659 million followers in the world，many of whom are from Asia．
There is no/little doubt that
With his classmates cheering for him,
many of whom are from Asia
4．(2024·新课标卷读后续写)没有你的热心帮助，我会陷入一个进退两难的境地。(含蓄条件句)
Without your enthusiastic help, I would have got into a big dilemma.
Without your enthusiastic help,
课时作业29
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五
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2025·T8联考)
Adams Cassinga has had many identities: refugee(难民), journalist, mining consultant. And now, defender of wildlife.
As a child, he was fascinated by animals—gorillas living in the forests outside his hometown of Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—but his path to conservation was winding. His father, who feared Adams would be taken as a child soldier, sent him to South Africa. In Johannesburg, Adams learnt to survive on the streets while teaching himself English in public libraries. After he was granted official refugee status, he studied journalism and landed his first job working for a local newspaper. While working as an investigative reporter in 2006, Adams was shot three times! Adams changed career paths again, this time to work in the profitable mining industry in South Africa. In this role, he returned years later to the DRC to visit gold mines.
One day, while flying to a gold mine in northeastern Congo, Adams saw the wounds of mining operations on the lush forest landscape. He began to think about the beauty of his country's wild places and the struggle to protect them. After volunteering as an honorary ranger(护林人), Adams took his wildlife mission one big step further, founding Conserve Congo in 2017. Conserve Congo fights illegal hunting and trafficking(非法交易) through undercover investigations in pursuit of criminals in the illegal wildlife trade. With a team of volunteers including police officers, politicians and students, Adams steals into trafficking networks and conducts organized traps with the authorities.
Adams places great value in winning over the hearts and minds of the police officers he works with. “They need to understand the reason behind what we do. We have to transform them into nature lovers. They can only protect what they know and love，”he says. It also partners with multiple national parks, helping to prevent illegal hunting, training volunteers to patrol the parks with rangers, and buying uniforms and other supplies for rangers. To date, the non profit has worked on more than 6，000 criminal cases, rescued hundreds of trafficked animals from chimps to parrots, and seized tons of ivory and pangolin scales.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Adams Cassinga从难民到野生动物保护者，创立“保护刚果”组织，通过卧底调查来打击非法狩猎和野生动物交易，致力于保护刚果的自然环境和野生动物的故事。
1．What did Adams go through when he arrived in South Africa？( )
A．Civil war.
B．Culture shock.
C．Language barrier.
D．Regional discrimination.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第三句“In Johannesburg, Adams learnt to survive on the streets while teaching himself English in public libraries.”可知，Adams在约翰内斯堡时学会了在街头生存，同时在公共图书馆自学英语。由此可推断出他刚到南非时面临着语言障碍。
C
2．What motivated Adams to start out on the path of conservation？( )
A．The beautiful scenery of the forest.
B．The deep affection for wild animals.
C．The gold mine in northeastern Congo.
D．The forest destruction caused by mining.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句和第二句可知，Adams在飞往刚果东北部的一个金矿时，看到了采矿作业对茂密森林景观的破坏，于是开始思考保护国家野生动植物的重要性。因此，采矿导致的森林破坏促使Adams走上了保护野生动植物之路。
D
3．What is Adams trying to achieve in partnership with the police officers？( )
A．A uniform rule for national parks.
B．A comprehensive supply for rangers.
C．A scientific system of training volunteers.
D．A transformation in attitude towards nature.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They need to understand the reason behind what we do. We have to transform them into nature lovers. They can only protect what they know and love…”可知，Adams与警察合作的目标是尽力改变他们对自然的态度，让他们成为自然爱好者，从而更积极地参与保护工作。
D
4．Which words can best describe Adams？( )
A．Rigid and reserved.
B．Active and committed.
C．Adaptable and humorous.
D．Humble and diligent.
解析：推理判断题。文章描述了Adams Cassinga作为野生动物保护者的经历，他经历了多种身份的转变，最终致力于保护刚果的自然环境和野生动物。他创立“保护刚果”组织，通过卧底调查来打击非法狩猎和野生动物交易，并与警方、国家公园等多方合作，积极展开保护工作。这表明Adams是一个积极行动、尽心尽力投入保护行动的人。
B
(2024·山东济南高三模拟)
Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed (浮萍), one of nature's fastest growing water plants. Changing such plant oil into biofuels for transportation and heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future. For a new study, led by Shanklin, a biochemist, in the Plant Biotechnology Journal, researchers genetically engineered duckweed plants to produce seven times more oil per acre than soybeans—currently the most commonly used biofuel producing plant.
Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels can be regained faster than they are used. Fuels made from new and used vegetable oils, animal fat can have a lower carbon footprint than fossil fuels do, depending on how they are sourced, but there has been a recent opposition against them. This is partly because so many crops now go into energy production rather than food. Besides, biofuels take up more than 100 million acres of the world's agricultural land.
Duckweed, common on every continent but Antarctica, is among the world's most productive plants per acre, and the researchers suggest it could be a game changing renewable energy source mainly because of the fact that it grows readily in water, so it wouldn't compete with food crops for agricultural land. Moreover, Shanklin and his team found a way to sidestep a major biotechnological hurdle.
According to Rebecca Roston, a biochemist at the University of Nebraska, who was not involved in the study, engineered green plants typically expend a lot of energy on oil production and thus stop growing. For the new study, Shanklin says, the researchers added an oil producing gene that would be inactive at first, and then “turn it on like a light switch” by introducing a particular molecule (分子) only when the plant had finished growing.
This process “went fabulously well，” Roston says. “If it works in other species, this can solve one of our biggest issues, which is how we can make more oil in more plants without negatively affecting growth.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家发现可通过基因改造浮萍来大量生产生物燃料，该植物不占用农业用地，能克服生物技术难题，提高植物产油率且不影响生长，为解决生物燃料生产问题提供新途径。该发现为可持续能源发展提供了新思路，有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖，降低碳足迹，促进环保和经济发展。
5．What can be learned about duckweed plants from the text？( )
A．They have vital nutrients for humans.
B．They pose threat to agricultural lands.
C．They are engineered to make biofuels.
D．They absorb less carbon than soybeans.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed(浮萍)…heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future.”可知，从浮萍中提取的植物油可以转化为生物燃料用于运输和取暖，因此，我们可以得出结论，浮萍植物被用来制造生物燃料，故选C项。
C
6．What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 3 mean？( )
A．Extend. B．Overcome.
C．Enhance. D．Worsen.
解析：词句猜测题。结合语境可知，因为浮萍可以被用于制造生物燃料而又不会与粮食作物争夺农业用地，所以Shanklin和他的团队应是找到了一种方法来克服将从浮萍中提取的植物油转化为生物燃料的技术障碍，所以画线词的意思应为“克服、跨越或避开障碍”，与B项“Overcome(克服)”意思相近，故选B项。
B
7．What can we learn from what Rebecca Roston said？( )
A．The gene activation method is promising.
B．Roston participated in Shanklin's research.
C．Biofuel production will cease plant growth.
D．Biofuel production competes with food crops.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Roston所说的话可知，基因激活方法是有前途的，可以应用于其他物种，来提高生物燃料的产量，故选A项。
A
8．What can be a suitable title for the text？( )
A．An energy revolution is unavoidable
B．Duckweed: An ideal green energy source
C．A perfect replacement for biofuels is found
D．Biofuel: A practical solution for energy crisis
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了科学家们如何利用浮萍植物来制造生物燃料，介绍了浮萍植物的特性和优势，以及其在生物燃料制造方面的应用前景，强调了浮萍作为一种可持续、环保的能源来源的重要性，因此B项“Duckweed: An ideal green energy source(浮萍：理想的绿色能源来源)”最适合作为文章标题，故选B项。
B
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·河北承德高三联考)
This is the first cross provincial ecological restoration project in China，1 design that is truly paving the way for the future. Green ecology and harmony is the theme and the end result is 2 (absolute) amazing.
3 (design) by the Tus Design Group Co.Ltd, this incredible shoreline linkage project uses the wetlands as part of the design. The Yangtze River is integrated 4 the design as well. The project's aim is to restore and improve the shoreline, creating a home for native plants, wildlife and people who want to come here and enjoy the natural 5 (beautiful)．
Additionally, this design honors the water culture of the Yangtze River. The project was created so as not to disturb the natural patterns of the fish and provide a place for native plants 6 (grow) healthily.
文章总览
Moreover, there's a hidden flood control walkway, which combines the shoreline with plants, terrain (地形) and the 7 (exist) surroundings. The walkway is hidden within the environment, which creates an even 8 (dynamic) experience while walking.
Meanwhile, the walking path 9 (surround) by native grasses and plants with beautiful views all around. The ecological pavement leads past watery areas that are perfect for picnicking. There are public spaces everywhere, all of 10 honor nature.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国第一个跨省的生态修复项目，这是一个真正为未来铺平道路的设计。
文章总览
This is the first cross provincial ecological restoration project in China，1 design that is truly paving the way for the future. Green ecology and harmony is the theme and the end result is 2 (absolute) amazing.
1． a
解析：考查冠词。句意：这是中国第一个跨省的生态修复项目，一个真正为未来铺平道路的设计。design意为“设计”，为可数名词，作同位语，句中用的单数，其前应用不定冠词修饰，design发音为辅音音素开头，故用a修饰。故填a。
答案分析
a
This is the first cross provincial ecological restoration project in China，1 design that is truly paving the way for the future. Green ecology and harmony is the theme and the end result is 2 (absolute) amazing.
2．absolutely
解析：考查副词。句意：绿色生态与和谐是主题，最终的结果绝对是惊人的。空后是形容词，所以空处应填副词，absolute的副词为absolutely，意为“绝对地”。故填absolutely。
答案分析
absolutely
3 (design) by the Tus Design Group Co.Ltd, this incredible shoreline linkage project uses the wetlands as part of the design. The Yangtze River is integrated 4 the design as well. The project's aim is to restore and improve the shoreline, creating a home for native plants, wildlife and people who want to come here and enjoy the natural 5 (beautiful)．
3．Designed
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由启迪设计集团有限公司设计，这个令人难以置信的海岸线连接项目将湿地作为设计的一部分。本句已有谓语动词uses，所以design用非谓语动词作状语，根据句意以及空后的by可知，用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Designed。
答案分析
Designed
3 (design) by the Tus Design Group Co.Ltd, this incredible shoreline linkage project uses the wetlands as part of the design. The Yangtze River is integrated 4 the design as well. The project's aim is to restore and improve the shoreline, creating a home for native plants, wildlife and people who want to come here and enjoy the natural 5 (beautiful)．
4．into
解析：考查介词。句意：长江也被纳入设计之中。此处是固定搭配integrate…into…，意为“将……融入到……”。故填into。
答案分析
into
3 (design) by the Tus Design Group Co.Ltd, this incredible shoreline linkage project uses the wetlands as part of the design. The Yangtze River is integrated 4 the design as well. The project's aim is to restore and improve the shoreline, creating a home for native plants, wildlife and people who want to come here and enjoy the natural 5 (beautiful)．
5．beauty
解析：考查名词。句意：该项目的目的是恢复和改善海岸线，为本地植物、野生动物和想要来这里享受自然美景的人们创造一个家园。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，beautiful的名词形式是beauty。故填beauty。
答案分析
beauty
Additionally, this design honors the water culture of the Yangtze River. The project was created so as not to disturb the natural patterns of the fish and provide a place for native plants 6 (grow) healthily.
6．to grow
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目旨在不干扰鱼类的自然模式，并为本地植物提供健康生长的场所。本句已有谓语动词was created，所以grow用非谓语形式，根据句意可知，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。
答案分析
to grow
Moreover, there's a hidden flood control walkway, which combines the shoreline with plants, terrain (地形) and the 7 (exist) surroundings. The walkway is hidden within the environment, which creates an even 8 (dynamic) experience while walking.
7．existing
解析：考查形容词。句意：此外，还有一条隐藏的防洪通道，将海岸线与植物、地形和现有环境相结合。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，exist的形容词形式是existing，意为“现存的”。故填existing。
答案分析
existing
Moreover, there's a hidden flood control walkway, which combines the shoreline with plants, terrain (地形) and the 7 (exist) surroundings. The walkway is hidden within the environment, which creates an even 8 (dynamic) experience while walking.
8．more dynamic
解析：考查比较等级。句意：通道隐藏在环境中，在行走时创造了更加动态的体验。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据前文的even可知用比较级形式。故填more dynamic。
答案分析
more dynamic
Meanwhile, the walking path 9 (surround) by native grasses and plants with beautiful views all around. The ecological pavement leads past watery areas that are perfect for picnicking. There are public spaces everywhere, all of 10 honor nature.
9．is surrounded
解析：考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：与此同时，步道周围是天然的草和植物，周围景色优美。此处为谓语动词，根据空后的by以及句意可知，surround与主语the walking path之间为被动关系，所以使用被动语态，且该句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语the walking path为第三人称单数。故填is surrounded。
答案分析
is surrounded
Meanwhile, the walking path 9 (surround) by native grasses and plants with beautiful views all around. The ecological pavement leads past watery areas that are perfect for picnicking. There are public spaces everywhere, all of 10 honor nature.
10．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：到处都有公共空间，所有这些都是尊重自然的。 此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，且指代public spaces，所以此处用which。故填which。
答案分析
which
