选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
selfish；belong；endurance；resolve；miserable；qualify
Here is an episode of my nephew Tom who leads a thoroughly decent and cosy life and has hardly met with some cruel adversities．However, dreaming of adventures, he 1.resolved to join an expedition advertised on a website.Unfortunately, his application was turned down．Being not 2.qualified but full of vigour, perseverance and passion，he didn't give up his dream.So he joined the navy and was assigned to be a steward with low wages．On a bitter cold day，he went aboard a ship bound for the Atlantic Ocean and began his voyage．The crew all liked Tom because he was genuine，enthusiastic, good－tempered and loyal and wasn't 3.selfish．He often played the banjo for recreation．But one day the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg.The ship sank and the sailors threw away their 4.belongings including stoves，blankets，bats，cupboards and other furniture．Finally，they had to abandon their ship and climbed onto an island where they made fire to dry their clothes.They survived depending on their 5.endurance．Later, they were saved.It has been a 6.miserable experience to Tom, but at the same time it brought out Tom's best qualities in the face of adversity.
提示：加底纹词汇为本单元复现词汇
1 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的(→enthusiasm n．热情，热心→enthusiastically adv.热心地；满腔热情地)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)…even if you haven't been an enthusiastic (enthusiasm)exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
②Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring.
③People there were very enthusiastic to tell (tell) me stories about how Xuanzang studied in that area.
[能力提升]——微写作
④得知您对我校书法俱乐部充满热情，我很高兴向您详细介绍。
Learning that you are enthusiastic about the Calligraphy Club in our school, I'm delighted to introduce it to you in detail.(告知信)
(1)be/become enthusiastic about (doing) sth.
热衷于(做)某事；对(做)某事热心
be enthusiastic to do sth. 热衷于做某事
(2)enthusiasm for 对……的热爱
with enthusiasm 热情洋溢；狂热地
[语料积累] ①His small, rather piggy eyes glitter with enthusiasm．(外貌、神态描写)
他那双很像猪眼的小眼睛里闪烁着热情洋溢的光芒。
②I am full of enthusiasm, which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.(申请信)
我充满热情，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。
2 assign vt.分派；布置；分配[→assignment n．(分派的)工作，任务；(工作等的)分派，布置]
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①As is often the case, the teacher often assigns a different task to each of the children in her class.
②(译林版选必三U4)Assigned (assign) by the emperor，the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia，seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.
③After graduating from the university in 2023, he was assigned (assign) to a remote place to work.
[能力提升]——微写作
④到达公园后，学生们被分成几个小组，并被分配不同的任务。
When arriving at the park, the students were divided into several groups and assigned different tasks．(活动介绍)
assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sth.to sb.(＝assign sb.sth.)
将某物分配给某人
be assigned to 被指派；被分配给……
[语料积累] ①Students will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course.(活动介绍)
学生将在课程中分组完成四项作业。
②They are volunteered to be assigned to teach in rural areas because they are eager to help develop rural education.(人物介绍)
他们自愿被分配到农村地区当老师，因为他们很希望帮助发展农村地区的教育。
3 abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n．放纵；放任(→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned (abandon)．
②The old house on the corner of Maple Street was abandoned (abandon) years ago and now stands in ruins.
③Unfortunately，the crew abandoned carrying (carry) out the experiment for lack of fund.
[能力提升]——微写作
④那些女孩子跳上跳下，尽情地挥舞着手臂。
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon．(动作描写)
(1)abandon (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事
abandon oneself to(＝be abandoned to)
沉湎于……
(2)with abandon 纵情地；恣意地
[语料积累] ①It is unwise of us to abandon ourselves to/be abandoned to the past glory.(主旨升华)
我们沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的。
②He began to cry in earnest，abandoning himself to a storm of weeping, sobbing against his folded arms.(动作、情感描写)
他开始真的哭了起来，双手抱在胸前，嚎啕大哭。
4 guidance n．指导；引导；导航(→guide vt. 指导，指引，带领 n．引导者，导游，指南，路标→guided adj.有指导的；有导游的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The garden also contains a winding path that guides (guide) visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.
②After exploring the old part of town, there is a guided (guide) tour of the cathedral.
③(2024·浙江1月卷)As the sun cast its rays, the girl noticed how the shadows created patterns on the ground, guiding (guide) her path.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④We were guided by a local villager, and finally found the ancient castle.
→Guided by a local villager, we finally found the ancient castle.(过去分词)
→With a local villager guiding us, we finally found the ancient castle.(with复合结构)
give/provide guidance to 给……指导
under/with one's guidance(＝under/with the guidance of…) 在……的指导/指引下
[语料积累] ① a guide to Italy意大利旅游指南
②travel guides旅行手册
③need careful guidance on my choice of options(求助信)
在我作出选择时需要悉心指导
④Our 10－page guide will help you to change your life for the better.(物品介绍)
我们这本10页的指南有助于您提高生活品质。
⑤Under the guidance of a local guide, we had no difficulty in visiting these attractions.(旅游经历)
在当地导游的带领下，我们毫不费力地参观了这些景点。
5 turn down拒绝；调低音量
[基础检测]——用turn的相关短语填空
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face.
②Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)What made you turn to social media to record your vegetable growing
[能力提升]——微写作
⑤事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
It turns out that helping others realize their dreams gives me more pleasure.(主旨升华)
turn up 出现；到场；调高(声音)
turn on 打开
turn off 关上，使失去兴趣
turn in 上交；提交；上床睡觉
turn to 转向；求助于
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn over 翻转；变换(电视频道)
turn around 转过身
[语料积累] Hearing my words, David turned to me with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross－country run.(心理、动作描写)
听了我的话，大卫转向我，眼泪夺眶而出，说他已经下定决心要完成越野赛跑。
6 句型公式：without引导的含蓄条件句
(教材原句)Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now.
如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们早就都死了。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Tom had his hands full yesterday, otherwise he would have attended (attend) your graduation ceremony.
②Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn't have written (write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
③The boy might have drowned but for the fact that his father was standing (stand) beside him on the deck at that time.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2023·新课标卷读后续写)所有这些进步都归功于我的社会研究课老师，如果没有他的指导和帮助，我就不会获奖。
All of these improvements are owed to my social studies teacher, without whose guidance and assistance I would not have won the award．(人物介绍)
(1)在without含蓄虚拟结构中，如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用would/could/might＋have done；表示与现在事实相反的假设，则用would/could/might＋do。
(2)含蓄虚拟条件句还可以用but for, otherwise, or, but等词(词组)来引导。
(3)otherwise, or构成的含蓄虚拟语气模式为“真实情况＋otherwise/or＋虚拟情况”；而but构成的含蓄虚拟语气模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。
[语料积累] ①Without your encouragement, I couldn't have faced adversity bravely with so much endurance．(感谢信)
没有你的鼓励，我不可能如此坚韧地勇敢面对困境。
②I was busy; otherwise I would have attended your birthday party.
我很忙，不然的话我就去参加你的生日聚会了。
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since I was seven years old.
2．Many of the electronic devices we use every day，like our phones and computer screens, give off blue light.
3．Though stuck in the traffic jam, he was still in high spirits at the thought of the coming holiday.
4．In the face of all these difficulties, we should not be discouraged but keep our spirits up．
5．I am bored with watching TV all day and eager to find something more meaningful to do.
1．be qualified for… 胜任；有……的资格
2．keep one's spirits up 保持某人高昂的情绪
3．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)4.be/become stuck in 困住；陷于
5．make fire 生火
6．cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来
7．be bored with 对……感到厌倦
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——否定词缀
否定词缀有多种形式。例如本单元中的单词：unfortunately(adv. 不幸地；遗憾地)是由副词fortunately(幸运地)＋前缀un 转化而来。否定词缀的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．The chair was so uncomfortable that she couldn't sit for long without shifting around. adj. 使人不舒服的
2．She quickly unlocked the door with her key and entered the house. v. 打开；开锁
3．As the story began to unfold, the mystery behind the disappearance became clearer. v. 展开
4．I think you misunderstand my intentions; I'm only trying to help, not criticize. v. 误解
5．She misread the directions and ended up getting lost on her way to the event. v. 看错
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．sink
A.v. (心情)沮丧；(情绪)低落 B．v.使失败；使受挫；阻挠 C．v.投入(资金) D．v.下沉；下陷；沉降E.n.洗涤池，洗碗槽
(1)(2023·浙江1月卷)The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.D
(2)I think I've just sunk my chances of getting the job.B
(3)My heart sank because I thought I had failed in the interview this morning.A
(4)She has already sunk $100 million into the project.C
(5)Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink after the meal！E
2．rough
A.adj.粗糙不平的，不光滑的 B．adj.艰难的；艰苦的；令人不快的 C．adj.崎岖的；难行的 D．adj.粗暴的，粗野的 E．adj.粗略的；大致的；近似的
(1)His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice.A
(2)It was a rough mountain road, full of stones and huge holes.C
(3)She made a rough estimate/calculation of the likely cost.E
(4)The other boys were rough, always looking for a fight.D
(5)He's had a rough time, what with the divorce and then his father dying.B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．(1)(2022·全国乙卷)They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.n. 厚层，厚的覆盖层
(2)With a thick mist now blanketing the trees, I got thoroughly lost.v. 覆盖；遮盖
[点拨]blanket (熟义) n．毛毯，毯子。此处(1)意为“厚层，厚的覆盖层”，(2)用作动词，意为“覆盖；遮盖”。
2．The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. adj. 机动车的
[点拨]motor(熟义)n.发动机；马达。此处用作形容词，意为“机动车的”。
3．I wouldn't advertise the fact that you don't have a work permit.v. 展现，宣传
[点拨]advertise (熟义) v．做广告。此处意为“展现，宣传”。
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/
单元语法(复习现在完成进行时)
1．Dirty streets and homelessness are no advertisement (advertise) for a prosperous society.
2．We have resolved to reduce (reduce) our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
3．I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment (commit) to help one person or one organization.
4．Her sister has been given a gold watch and she is green with envy.
5．Lu Xun was loyal to the people, bending his back to the task until his dying day.
6．He was surprised to find his room thoroughly (thorough) cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order.
7．Every type of boat was pressed into service to rescue passengers from the sinking (sink) ferry.
8．Alone in a strange city，without friends and money, he fell in despair.
9．Despite facing numerous challenges, she showed great perseverance (persevere) and never gave up on her dreams.
10．Obviously, his company has been growing (grow) steadily since the beginning of this year.
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．我要是你，就会去另找工作了。(if虚拟条件句)
If I were you, I would start looking for another job．(建议信)
2．在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。(as…as…)
As far as I am concerned, the book is not as interesting as you think．
3．只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京拥有最难忘的经历。(as long as)
As long as you take my advice，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience in Beijing.(建议信)
4．自从她毕业以来，她一直致力于帮助贫困山区的孩子得到平等的教育。(现在完成进行时)
Since her graduation, she has been devoting herself to helping children in poor mountainous areas get equal education.
5．I owe it to your help.I couldn't have obtained the opportunity to show my talent.(感谢信)
→Without your help, I couldn't have obtained the opportunity to show my talent．(用without含蓄条件句升级合并)
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
英语周报开办了“人物周刊”栏目，请你写一篇文章投稿，简要介绍英国极地探险家——欧内斯特·沙克尔顿(Ernest Shackleton)。内容包括： 1．经历的介绍(他是一位卓越的英国极地探险家，曾带领英国探险队三次前往南极洲，是南极探险英雄时代的主要人物之一。他与“坚忍号”的船员们在极地700多天的求生经历创造了20世纪一次伟大的生还奇迹。)； 2．对你的启发。
Ernest Shackleton was a great polar explorer who had 1.been enthusiastic about polar exploration (一直对极地探险充满热情) and led three British expeditions to the Antarctic throughout his life.
2．Below are some of his expedition experiences and achievements (以下是他的一些探险经历和成就)．
He was one of the leading figures during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.His third expedition to the Antarctic was 3.as extraordinary as a great miracle (就像一个非凡的奇迹；as…as…)．Faced with tough polar conditions，he didn't abandon his team and firmly resolved to lead them to go out of difficulty.4.If there hadn't been his wise leadership (如果没有他的英明领导；if虚拟条件句)，he and his team wouldn't have survived after more than 700 days in the polar region.
I was inspired by his spirit，realizing that we 5.must have courage and perseverance (必须要有勇气和毅力) when facing any difficulties.
维度二 读后续写微技能30——场景描写
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．all waiting for their events 所有人都在等待自己的比赛 2．break down 坏掉；出故障 3．with the snow and the cold 在大雪和严寒的天气下 4．the earth shaking beneath one's feet 大地在某人脚下晃动 5．go from bad to worse 变得更糟 6．transport sb. back to 把某人带回…… 7．spread quickly 很快蔓延 8．leave people on the upper floors trapped 把高楼层的人们困在了里面 9．the crash of falling roofs 屋顶坍塌的巨响 10．the whistle blowing 哨声响起 11．with sb. clapping and shouting encouragement 伴着某人拍手、呐喊助威 12．be filled with a sense of... 充满……的感觉
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．我们已经挣扎了好几天了，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟。
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. (人教版选必三U4)
2．先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。
First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold． (北师大版必修二U5)
3．那一刻，他们感到大地在脚下晃动；他们听到远处屋顶坍塌的巨响。
At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs． (译林版必修三U2)
4．周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。
The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. (译林版选必二U1)
5．有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了，这种味道就像一台时光机，立刻把我带回阳光灿烂的童年。
Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. (译林版选必一U1)
任务2 语段表达
The sports meeting was on the move. The track was lined with eager students, 1.all waiting for their events (所有人都在等待自己的比赛). 2.The whistle blew (哨声响起), and the first race began. Cheers erupted from the crowd as the runners sped down the track, their feet pounding against the ground. The excitement was big, 3.with students clapping and shouting encouragement (伴着学生们拍手、呐喊助威). The field events were equally thrilling, with students throwing javelins (标枪) and jumping over high bars. Teachers and parents watched from the sidelines, smiling and taking pictures. The energy in the air was electric, 4.filled with a sense of competition and friendship (充满了竞争与友谊的感觉). As the final race approached, everyone gathered to watch, united in their enthusiasm for the event．
————基础默测—————
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．wage n. 工资
2．expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队
3．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力
4．cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
5．stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具
6．voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行
7．navy n. 海军；海军部队
8．decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的
9．cosy (NAmE cozy) adj. 温馨的；舒适的
10．crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
11．corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的
12．episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
二、核心单词写得准
1．adversity n. 困境；逆境
2．bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．sink vi. (sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没
4．abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃
5．miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的
6．good/bad tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的
7．genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
8．thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的
9．damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
10．recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏
11．rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
12．candidate n. 候选人；应试者
三、拓展单词通变化
1．qualify vt. 使合格；使具有资格→qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualification n. 资格；资历
2．enthusiasm n. 热情；热心→enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv. 热情地
3．board v. 上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n. 木板；董事会；伙食→aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
4．assign vt. 分派；布置；分配→assignment n. 分派；布置；分配
5．selfish adj. 自私的→selfishness n. 自私→selfless adj. 无私的→selflessness n. 无私，忘我
6．persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
7．resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念→resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定
8．guide vt. 指导 n. 向导；指南→guidance n. 指导；引导；导航
9．advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertiser n. 广告商→advertisement n. 广告→advertising n. 广告活动；广告业
10．commit v. 犯罪；承诺；委托→commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献
四、重点词块明搭配
1．turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)
2．make fire 生火
3．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
4．keep one's spirits up 保持某人高昂的情绪
5．hold on 坚持住；等一下；别挂断
6．cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来
7．be enthusiastic about 对……热情
8．apply to join the expedition 申请加入探险之旅
9．be full of vigour 朝气蓬勃
10．keep us optimistic 使我们保持乐观
11．fill me with hope 让我充满希望
12．be/become stuck in 困住；陷于
五、教材佳句会运用
1．嗯，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的广告。(It happened that…)
Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
2．我们现在在冰上扎营，并且一直在设法生存，但是春天要来了，冰很快就会开始融化。(have/has been doing)
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
3．如果没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve．
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．According to the airline rules, we recommend you switch off your mobile phone before you go aboard (上) the plane.
2．That last candidate (候选人) impressed me with his knowledge of the company's activities; he has really done his homework.
3．Being genuine (真诚的) and good tempered, he has been getting along well with his classmates.
4．Sports and recreation (娱乐) have always been part of university life.
5．(2023·全国甲卷)Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture (家具), she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．There was a long line of abandoned (abandon) trucks and carts on a road leading up to a bridge.
2．The student going to art or drama school will be very enthusiastic about further education.
3．(2024·北京卷)Typically, cruelty (cruel) and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised.
4．Could you give me a job description of the position advertised (advertise)
5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately (unfortunate), there is no magic list I can offer.
Ⅲ.选词填空
turn down；give off；make it；make fire；set off
1．We had dreamed of visiting the Great Wall and it was not until last year that we managed to make it．
2．They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't have been stuck in the storm.
3．What is known to us all is that not giving off waste gas is an advantage of riding bicycles.
4．She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
5．They discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fire．
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If I were you, I would certainly make full use of the time to improve my academic performance.
2．76岁的威尔逊是一名退休工程师，过去八年来一直为大学生提供免费的乘车服务。(have been doing)
76 year old Wilson, a retired engineer, has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
3．碰巧的是，他们在同一个村庄度过了他们的童年。(It happened that…)
It happened that they spent their childhood in the same village.
4．(2023·新课标卷读后续写)正是你鼓励我的话激励我去参加比赛，如果没有你鼓励的话语，我早就放弃了。(without虚拟语气)
It was your encouraging words that inspired me to take part in the contest, without which I would have given up．
课时作业30
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2024·河南名校联盟高三模拟)
Melissa Sevigny, a science journalist for Arizona Public Radio, recounts the details of the 1938 river journey of Elzada Clover and Lois Jotter, who, along with their guide, Norm Nevills, and a few other crew members, traveled down the Colorado River with the goal of cataloging (登记) undiscovered plants in the area. The Colorado River was known as the most dangerous river in the world. But for Clover and Jotter, it held a great appeal: no one had surveyed the Grand Canyon's plants, and they were determined to be the first.
As women scientists, Clover and Jotter faced scrutiny (监督) even before their trip began. They started in Green River, Utah, and then traveled through Cataract Canyon, Glen Canyon, and the Grand Canyon before ending at Lake Mead. For Clover, the trip fit perfectly with her dream of cataloging all the Southwest's cacti (a kind of plant), but, more than that, it was a chance to make her mark on the field of botany. As they made their way down the river, they continued to face challenges, including navigating intense rapids, losing one of their three boats, and dealing with aggressive reporters and inaccurate and imaginary news reports. When Clover and Jotter finally reached the entrance of the Grand Canyon, they felt apprehensive, but they decided they had no choice now but to brave the wild river.
Drawing information from the crew's letters and journals, Sevigny brings us directly into the boats and introduces us to many of the plants that Clover and Jotter surveyed and collected. The author also includes a map of the route and photographic images of the crew at different points along the way. Woven (编织) throughout the narrative of Clover and Jotter is the early history of travel on the Colorado River as well as how Indigenous peoples, Europeans, and the Park Service have shaped the ecology of the river over time.
As the author notes, women in science still face challenges and barriers; Sevigny hopes that recalling the past will lead to a fairer future.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇书评。文章主要讲述了科学记者Melissa Sevigny回顾了Elzada Clover和Lois Jotter在1938年与导游Norm Nervills以及其他几名船员一起沿着科罗拉多河进行的探险之旅。
1．What motivated Clover and Jotter to make the journey？( B )
A．The native cultures.
B．The plants of the Grand Canyon.
C．The scenery along the river.
D．The Southwest's cactus species.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Colorado River was known as the most dangerous river in the world. But for Clover and Jotter, it held a great appeal: no one had surveyed the Grand Canyon's plants, and they were determined to be the first.”可知，大峡谷的植物促使Clover和Jotter踏上这段旅程。故选B项。
2．What does the underlined word “apprehensive” mean in paragraph 2？( C )
A．Relieved. B．Guilty.
C．Anxious. D．Pleased.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前面提到的“As they made their way down the river, they continued to face challenges, including navigating intense rapids, losing one of their three boats，and dealing with aggressive reporters and inaccurate and imaginary news reports.”可知，Clover和Jotter在旅途中遇到了很多困难；根据画线词后面的“but they decided they had no choice now but to brave the wild river”可知，但是现在她们别无选择，只能勇敢地面对这条狂野的河流。由上下文语境可推知，当她们最终到达大峡谷入口时，她们的感觉应该是担心和忧虑的。故猜测画线词apprehensive的意思是“担心的，忧虑的”。故选C项。
3．What can we learn about Clover and Jotter's adventure？( D )
A．They were aided by reporters all the way.
B．They ended their journey with losing three boats.
C．They pioneered in surveying the Colorado River.
D．They took many precious photos alongside the trip.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The author also includes a map of the route and photographic images of the crew at different points along the way.”可知，Clover和Jotter在旅途中拍了许多珍贵的照片。故选D项。
4．What is the text？( B )
A．A diary entry. B．A book review.
C．A news report. D．A travel journal.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Melissa Sevigny, a science journalist for Arizona Public Radio, recounts the details”和最后一段的内容可推知，本文是一篇书评。故选B项。
(2024·河南洛阳高三期末)
We've all heard of IQ, and EQ, but have you heard of AQ AQ stands for adversity (逆境) quotient and measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. Being able to handle these rough patches we all go through is not only important in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. So how can we learn to be more resilient
Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of firings, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, financial hard times and even deaths are things that can occur outside of work. AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks when life throws curveballs at us—how likely we are to deal with these situations. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the way we learn from changes in environment.
Luckily, there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient in the face of adversity. First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step—one way to help you destress is by practicing breathing exercises. Similarly, thinking about things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.
Things happen in life we can't prevent—and sometimes they aren't pleasant. But, taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AQ的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具有承受力的方法。
5．What adversities are mentioned that may occur in the workplace？( C )
A.Being punished.
B．Failed relationships.
C．Missing out on a promotion.
D．The company being maintained.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the workplace, it could be in the form of firings, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion.”可知，工作场所可能会出现的逆境是错过晋升的机会。故选C。
6．What can someone with a high AQ supposedly do？( A )
A．They can manage their emotions.
B．They can get themselves promoted.
C．They can achieve their goals easily.
D．They can avoid adversities properly.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks…and the way we learn from changes in environment.”可知，AQ能衡量我们在生活中承受冲击的能力。一个拥有高AQ的人处理这些逆境的可能性会更大，它可以预测我们的态度，毅力等。由此可推知，拥有高AQ的人在面对困境时能更好地管理自己的情绪。故选A。
7．Why does having a meaningful goal help in adverse situations？( A )
A．You can concentrate more on a desired result.
B．You can forget about the unpleasant situations.
C．You can see clearly a bump on the way to success.
D.You can completely ignore your negative situations.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal.”可知，在不利的情况下有一个有意义的目标会让你更加专注于想要的结果。故选A。
8．Which is the best title for the passage？( B )
A．EQ；IQ；AQ
B．How to Be Resilient
C．What Is Adversity Quotient
D．Be Brave in Face of Adversity
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段的叙述“AQ代表逆境商，衡量你应对生活起伏的能力。能够处理我们所有人所经历的这些艰难时期不仅在我们的个人生活中很重要，在我们的职业生活中也很重要。那么，我们如何才能学会更具有承受力呢？”以及最后一段的“但是，采取一些措施变得更具承受力可以更容易度过难关”可知，文章介绍了AQ的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具有承受力的方法。所以“如何变得更具承受力”适合作本文的标题。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·湖北武汉高三模拟)
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I __6__ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I __7__， not knowing how to proceed. That's when my parents __8__.
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming __9__and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I __10__ the confidence as my feet __11__ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became __12__ as a family.
From then on, every evening, we'd gather around a campfire for what we __13__ called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we'd share laughs, __14__， and insights from the day's experiences.
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn't merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing __15__ together.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一家进行了一场难忘的全国旅行，这场旅行让整个家庭变得更亲密了，而且也让作者懂得了旅行的真正意义。
1．( B )A.crowded B．physical
C．creative D．necessary
解析：根据句中的“it was a journey of discovery into our __2__”可知，这次旅行还是一次探索发现更深层次东西之旅，由此可知，这不仅仅是一场身体的旅行。故选B。crowded拥挤的； physical身体的； creative创造 (性) 的； necessary必要的。
2．( A )A.relationships B．potentials
C．dreams D．inspirations
解析：根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”可知，这场旅行让家庭关系更亲密了，所以这是一场探索家庭关系的旅行。故选A。 relationship关系； potential潜力； dream梦想； inspiration灵感。
3．( A )A.guided B．encouraged
C．comforted D．attracted
解析：根据空后的“with his trusty road map”可知，爸爸用地图给大家引路。故选A。guide引导 (某人至某地)；encourage鼓励； comfort安慰； attract吸引。
4．( C )A.events B．stations
C．locations D．shows
解析：根据空前的“the upcoming”和下文中的“We went through diverse __5__ from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.”可知，此处指他们即将到访的地点。故选C。event事件； station车站； location地点； show演出。
5．( B )A.cultures B．landscapes
C．groups D．countries
解析：根据空后的“from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West”可知，此处指他们看到的各种各样的景观。故选B。culture文化； landscape风景； group团体； country国家。
6．( D )A.imagined B．constructed
C．smoothed D．encountered
解析：根据下文中的“not knowing how to proceed”可知，作者遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。故选D。imagine想象； construct建造； smooth使平滑； encounter遇到。
7．( A )A.froze B．flew
C．fell D．forgot
解析：根据句中的“Frightened”可知，作者吓得僵住了。故选A。freeze(因害怕等)不动； fly飞行； fall落下； forget忘记。
8．( C )A.reached down B．stood aside
C．stepped in D．turned back
解析：根据下文可知，父母过来帮助作者，所以应是介入了作者所处的困境。故选C。reach down把……拿下来； stand aside站到一边； step in介入；turn back返回。
9．( A )A.words B．worries
C．noises D．thoughts
解析：根据句中的“coached me”可知，妈妈用平静的话语指导作者。故选A。word话语； worry担心； noise噪音； thought想法。
10．( D )A.lost B．maintained
C．demonstrated D．restored
解析：根据上文内容可知，作者一开始看到这条崎岖小路时吓呆了，后来在父母的帮助下终于克服了自己的害怕，由此可知，作者应是重新恢复了信心。故选D。lose失去； maintain维持； demonstrate证明，演示； restore恢复。
11．( C )A.left B．broke
C．found D．dug
解析：根据上文中的“Dad showed me footholds”和空后的“solid ground again”可知，作者在父母的指导下找到了立足点，双脚找到了结实的地面而站稳了。故选C。
12．( D )A.nicer B．tougher
C．braver D．closer
解析：根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”和空后的“as a family”可知，作者一家人变得更加亲密了。故选D。
13．( B )A.originally B．affectionately
C．frequently D．simply
解析：根据空后的“called ‘Family Reflection Time'”并结合语境可知，他们将每晚进行的这个活动亲切地称为“家庭反思时间”。故选B。originally原来，起初； affectionately亲切地； frequently频繁地； simply简单地，仅仅。
14．( C )A.sympathy B．conflict
C．tears D．profits
解析：根据空前的“laughs”可知，此处指一天中所经历的欢乐和泪水。故选C。sympathy同情； conflict冲突； tear泪水； profit利润。
15．( A )A.challenges B．defeats
C．opposition D．uncertainty
解析：根据空前的“facing”并结合上文作者面临崎岖小路时父母给予帮助可知，此处指一家人一起面对挑战。 故选A。challenge挑战； defeat失败； opposition反对； uncertainty犹豫。(共85张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
RJ英语
选择性必修第三册
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
高效课堂 考点突破
多维演练 素养提升
第一部分
第二部分
第三部分
重难考点
拾遗考点
A
B
课时作业30
第五部分
基础默测
第四部分
默写达标
基础检测
A
B
词汇复现 语境串记
第
分
部
一
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
Here is an episode of my nephew Tom who leads a thoroughly decent and cosy life and has hardly met with some cruel adversities．However, dreaming of adventures, he 1.resolved to join an expedition advertised on a website.Unfortunately, his application was turned down．Being not 2.qualified but full of vigour, perseverance and passion，he didn't give up his dream.So he joined the navy and was assigned to be a steward with low wages．On a bitter cold day，he went aboard a ship bound for the Atlantic Ocean and began his voyage．The crew all liked Tom because he was genuine，enthusiastic, good－tempered and loyal and wasn't 3.selfish．He often played the banjo for recreation．But one day the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg.The ship sank and the sailors threw away their 4.belongings including stoves，blankets，bats，cupboards and other furniture．Finally，they had to abandon their ship and climbed onto an island where they made fire to dry their clothes.They survived depending on their 5.endurance．Later, they were saved.It has been a 6.miserable experience to Tom, but at the same time it brought out Tom's best qualities in the face of adversity.
selfish；belong；endurance；resolve；miserable；qualify
resolved
qualified
selfish
belongings
endurance
miserable
高效课堂 考点突破
第
分
部
二
1 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的(→enthusiasm n．热情，热心
→enthusiastically adv.热心地；满腔热情地)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)…even if you haven't been an enthusiastic (enthusiasm)exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
②Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring.
③People there were very enthusiastic to tell (tell) me stories about how Xuanzang studied in that area.
重难考点
enthusiastic
about
to tell
[能力提升]——微写作
④得知您对我校书法俱乐部充满热情，我很高兴向您详细介绍。
Learning that you are enthusiastic about the Calligraphy Club in our school, I'm delighted to introduce it to you in detail.(告知信)
Learning that you are enthusiastic about
(1)be/become enthusiastic about (doing) sth.
热衷于(做)某事；对(做)某事热心
be enthusiastic to do sth. 热衷于做某事
(2)enthusiasm for 对……的热爱
with enthusiasm 热情洋溢；狂热地
[语料积累] ①His small, rather piggy eyes glitter with enthusiasm．(外貌、神态描写)
他那双很像猪眼的小眼睛里闪烁着热情洋溢的光芒。
②I am full of enthusiasm, which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.(申请信)
我充满热情，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。
2 assign vt.分派；布置；分配[→assignment n．(分派的)工作，任务；(工作等
的)分派，布置]
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①As is often the case, the teacher often assigns a different task to each of the children in her class.
②(译林版选必三U4)Assigned (assign) by the emperor，the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia，seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.
③After graduating from the university in 2023, he was assigned (assign) to a remote place to work.
to
Assigned
was assigned
[能力提升]——微写作
④到达公园后，学生们被分成几个小组，并被分配不同的任务。
When arriving at the park, the students were divided into several groups and assigned different tasks．(活动介绍)
the students were divided into several groups and assigned
different tasks
assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sth.to sb.(＝assign sb.sth.)
将某物分配给某人
be assigned to 被指派；被分配给……
[语料积累] ①Students will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course.(活动介绍)
学生将在课程中分组完成四项作业。
②They are volunteered to be assigned to teach in rural areas because they are eager to help develop rural education.(人物介绍)
他们自愿被分配到农村地区当老师，因为他们很希望帮助发展农村地区的教育。
3 abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n．放纵；放任(→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放
纵的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned (abandon)．
②The old house on the corner of Maple Street was abandoned (abandon) years ago and now stands in ruins.
③Unfortunately，the crew abandoned carrying (carry) out the experiment for lack of fund.
[能力提升]——微写作
④那些女孩子跳上跳下，尽情地挥舞着手臂。
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon．(动作描写)
abandoned
was abandoned
carrying
waved their arms with abandon
(1)abandon (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事
abandon oneself to(＝be abandoned to)
沉湎于……
(2)with abandon 纵情地；恣意地
[语料积累] ①It is unwise of us to abandon ourselves to/be abandoned to the past glory.(主旨升华)
我们沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的。
②He began to cry in earnest，abandoning himself to a storm of weeping, sobbing against his folded arms.(动作、情感描写)
他开始真的哭了起来，双手抱在胸前，嚎啕大哭。
4 guidance n．指导；引导；导航(→guide vt. 指导，指引，带领 n．引导者，导
游，指南，路标→guided adj.有指导的；有导游的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The garden also contains a winding path that guides (guide) visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.
②After exploring the old part of town, there is a guided (guide) tour of the cathedral.
③(2024·浙江1月卷)As the sun cast its rays, the girl noticed how the shadows created patterns on the ground, guiding (guide) her path.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④We were guided by a local villager, and finally found the ancient castle.
→Guided by a local villager, we finally found the ancient castle.(过去分词)
→With a local villager guiding us, we finally found the ancient castle.(with复合结构)
guides
guided
guiding
Guided by a local villager,
With a local villager guiding us,
give/provide guidance to 给……指导
under/with one's guidance(＝under/with the guidance of…) 在……的指导/指引下
[语料积累] ① a guide to Italy意大利旅游指南
②travel guides旅行手册
③need careful guidance on my choice of options(求助信)
在我作出选择时需要悉心指导
④Our 10－page guide will help you to change your life for the better.(物品介绍)
我们这本10页的指南有助于您提高生活品质。
⑤Under the guidance of a local guide, we had no difficulty in visiting these attractions.(旅游经历)
在当地导游的带领下，我们毫不费力地参观了这些景点。
5 turn down拒绝；调低音量
[基础检测]——用turn的相关短语填空
①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face.
②Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)What made you turn to social media to record your vegetable growing
turned around,
turn down
turned off
turn to
[能力提升]——微写作
⑤事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
It turns out that helping others realize their dreams gives me more pleasure.(主旨升华)
It turns out that
turn up 出现；到场；调高(声音)
turn on 打开
turn off 关上，使失去兴趣
turn in 上交；提交；上床睡觉
turn to 转向；求助于
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn over 翻转；变换(电视频道)
turn around 转过身
[语料积累] Hearing my words, David turned to me with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross－country run.(心理、动作描写)
听了我的话，大卫转向我，眼泪夺眶而出，说他已经下定决心要完成越野赛跑。
6 句型公式：without引导的含蓄条件句
(教材原句)Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now.
如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们早就都死了。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Tom had his hands full yesterday, otherwise he would have attended (attend) your graduation ceremony.
②Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn't have written (write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
③The boy might have drowned but for the fact that his father was standing (stand) beside him on the deck at that time.
have attended
have written
was standing
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2023·新课标卷读后续写)所有这些进步都归功于我的社会研究课老师，如果没有他的指导和帮助，我就不会获奖。
All of these improvements are owed to my social studies teacher, without whose guidance and assistance I would not have won the award．(人物介绍)
without whose
guidance and assistance I would not have won the award
(1)在without含蓄虚拟结构中，如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，则主句谓语动词用would/could/might＋have done；表示与现在事实相反的假设，则用would/could/might＋do。
(2)含蓄虚拟条件句还可以用but for, otherwise, or, but等词(词组)来引导。
(3)otherwise, or构成的含蓄虚拟语气模式为“真实情况＋otherwise/or＋虚拟情况”；而but构成的含蓄虚拟语气模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。
[语料积累] ①Without your encouragement, I couldn't have faced adversity bravely with so much endurance．(感谢信)
没有你的鼓励，我不可能如此坚韧地勇敢面对困境。
②I was busy; otherwise I would have attended your birthday party.
我很忙，不然的话我就去参加你的生日聚会了。
拾遗考点
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since I was seven years old.
2．Many of the electronic devices we use every day，like our phones and computer screens, give off blue light.
3．Though stuck in the traffic jam, he was still in high spirits at the thought of the coming holiday.
4．In the face of all these difficulties, we should not be discouraged but keep our spirits up．
5．I am bored with watching TV all day and eager to find something more meaningful to do.
am qualified for
give off
stuck in
keep our spirits
up
am bored with
1．be qualified for… 胜任；有……的资格
2．keep one's spirits up 保持某人高昂的情绪
3．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)4.be/become stuck in 困住；陷于
5．make fire 生火
6．cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来
7．be bored with 对……感到厌倦
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——否定词缀
否定词缀有多种形式。例如本单元中的单词：unfortunately(adv. 不幸地；遗憾地)是由副词fortunately(幸运地)＋前缀un 转化而来。否定词缀的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．The chair was so uncomfortable that she couldn't sit for long without shifting around.
adj. 使人不舒服的
2．She quickly unlocked the door with her key and entered the house. v. 打开；开锁
3．As the story began to unfold, the mystery behind the disappearance became clearer.
v. 展开
4．I think you misunderstand my intentions; I'm only trying to help, not criticize.
v. 误解
5．She misread the directions and ended up getting lost on her way to the event.
v. 看错
adj. 使人不舒服的
v. 打开；开锁
v. 展开
v. 误解
v. 看错
多维演练 素养提升
第
分
部
三
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．sink
(1)(2023·浙江1月卷)The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.D
(2)I think I've just sunk my chances of getting the job.B
(3)My heart sank because I thought I had failed in the interview this morning.A
(4)She has already sunk $100 million into the project.C
(5)Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink after the meal！E
A.v. (心情)沮丧；(情绪)低落 B．v.使失败；使受挫；阻挠 C．v.投入(资金) D．v.下沉；下陷；沉降E.n.洗涤池，洗碗槽
D
B
A
C
E
2．rough
(1)His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice.A
(2)It was a rough mountain road, full of stones and huge holes.C
(3)She made a rough estimate/calculation of the likely cost.E
(4)The other boys were rough, always looking for a fight.D
(5)He's had a rough time, what with the divorce and then his father dying.B
A.adj.粗糙不平的，不光滑的 B．adj.艰难的；艰苦的；令人不快的 C．adj.崎岖的；难行的 D．adj.粗暴的，粗野的 E．adj.粗略的；大致的；近似的
A
C
E
D
B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．(1)(2022·全国乙卷)They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.
n. 厚层，厚的覆盖层
(2)With a thick mist now blanketing the trees, I got thoroughly lost.
v. 覆盖；遮盖
[点拨]blanket (熟义) n．毛毯，毯子。此处(1)意为“厚层，厚的覆盖层”，(2)用作动词，意为“覆盖；遮盖”。
n. 厚层，厚的覆盖层
v. 覆盖；遮盖
2．The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it.
adj. 机动车的
[点拨]motor(熟义)n.发动机；马达。此处用作形容词，意为“机动车的”。
3．I wouldn't advertise the fact that you don't have a work permit.
v. 展现，宣传
[点拨]advertise (熟义) v．做广告。此处意为“展现，宣传”。
adj. 机动车的
v. 展现，宣传
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(复习现在完成进行时)
1．Dirty streets and homelessness are no advertisement (advertise) for a prosperous society.
2．We have resolved to reduce (reduce) our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
3．I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment (commit) to help one person or one organization.
4．Her sister has been given a gold watch and she is green with envy.
5．Lu Xun was loyal to the people, bending his back to the task until his dying day.
6．He was surprised to find his room thoroughly (thorough) cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order.
advertisement
to reduce
commitment
with
to
thoroughly
7．Every type of boat was pressed into service to rescue passengers from the sinking (sink) ferry.
8．Alone in a strange city，without friends and money, he fell in despair.
9．Despite facing numerous challenges, she showed great perseverance (persevere) and never gave up on her dreams.
10．Obviously, his company has been growing (grow) steadily since the beginning of this year.
sinking
in
perseverance
has been growing
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．我要是你，就会去另找工作了。(if虚拟条件句)
If I were you, I would start looking for another job．(建议信)
2．在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。(as…as…)
As far as I am concerned, the book is not as interesting as you think．
3．只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京拥有最难忘的经历。(as long as)
As long as you take my advice，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience in Beijing.(建议信)
If I were you, I would start looking for another job
As far as I am concerned, the book is not as interesting as you think
As long as you take my advice
4．自从她毕业以来，她一直致力于帮助贫困山区的孩子得到平等的教育。(现在完成进行时)
Since her graduation, she has been devoting herself to helping children in poor mountainous areas get equal education.
5．I owe it to your help.I couldn't have obtained the opportunity to show my talent.(感谢信)
→Without your help, I couldn't have obtained the opportunity to show my talent．(用without含蓄条件句升级合并)
has been devoting herself to helping
Without your help, I couldn't have obtained the opportunity to show my talent
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
英语周报开办了“人物周刊”栏目，请你写一篇文章投稿，简要介绍英国极地探险家——欧内斯特·沙克尔顿(Ernest Shackleton)。内容包括：
1．经历的介绍(他是一位卓越的英国极地探险家，曾带领英国探险队三次前往南极洲，是南极探险英雄时代的主要人物之一。他与“坚忍号”的船员们在极地700多天的求生经历创造了20世纪一次伟大的生还奇迹。)；
2．对你的启发。
Ernest Shackleton was a great polar explorer who had 1.been enthusiastic about polar exploration (一直对极地探险充满热情) and led three British expeditions to the Antarctic throughout his life.
2．Below are some of his expedition experiences and achievements (以下是他的一些探险经历和成就)．
He was one of the leading figures during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.His third expedition to the Antarctic was 3.as extraordinary as a great miracle (就像一个非凡的奇迹；as…as…)．Faced with tough polar conditions，he didn't abandon his team and firmly resolved to lead them to go out of difficulty.4.If there hadn't been his wise leadership (如果没有他的英明领导；if虚拟条件句)，he and his team wouldn't have survived after more than 700 days in the polar region.
I was inspired by his spirit，realizing that we 5.must have courage and perseverance (必须要有勇气和毅力) when facing any difficulties.
Below are some of his expedition experiences and achievements
as extraordinary as a great miracle
If there hadn't been his wise leadership
must have courage and perseverance
been enthusiastic about polar
exploration
维度二 读后续写微技能30——场景描写
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．all waiting for their events 所有人都在等待自己的比赛
2．break down 坏掉；出故障
3．with the snow and the cold 在大雪和严寒的天气下
4．the earth shaking beneath one's feet 大地在某人脚下晃动
5．go from bad to worse 变得更糟
6．transport sb. back to 把某人带回……
7．spread quickly 很快蔓延
8．leave people on the upper floors trapped 把高楼层的人们困在了里面
9．the crash of falling roofs 屋顶坍塌的巨响
10．the whistle blowing 哨声响起
11．with sb. clapping and shouting encouragement 伴着某人拍手、呐喊助威
12．be filled with a sense of... 充满……的感觉
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．我们已经挣扎了好几天了，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟。
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. (人教版选必三U4)
2．先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。
First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold． (北师大版必修二U5)
3．那一刻，他们感到大地在脚下晃动；他们听到远处屋顶坍塌的巨响。
At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs． (译林版必修三U2)
going from bad to
worse
broke down
with the snow and the cold
the earth shaking beneath their feet;
the crash of falling roofs
4．周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。
The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. (译林版选必二U1)
5．有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了，这种味道就像一台时光机，立刻把我带回阳光灿烂的童年。
Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. (译林版选必一U1)
spread quickly
leaving people on the upper floors trapped
transporting me back to
任务2 语段表达
The sports meeting was on the move. The track was lined with eager students, 1.all waiting for their events (所有人都在等待自己的比赛). 2.The whistle blew (哨声响起), and the first race began. Cheers erupted from the crowd as the runners sped down the track, their feet pounding against the ground. The excitement was big, 3.with students clapping and shouting encouragement (伴着学生们拍手、呐喊助威). The field events were equally thrilling, with students throwing javelins (标枪) and jumping over high bars. Teachers and parents watched from the sidelines, smiling and taking pictures. The energy in the air was electric, 4.filled with a sense of competition and friendship (充满了竞争与友谊的感觉). As the final race approached, everyone gathered to watch, united in their enthusiasm for the event．
all
waiting for their events
The whistle blew
with students clapping
and shouting encouragement
filled with a sense of competition and friendship
基础默测
第
分
部
四
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．wage n. 工资
2．expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队
3．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力
4．cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
5．stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具
6．voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行
7．navy n. 海军；海军部队
8．decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的
工资
探险；远征；探险队
忍耐力；耐久力
橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
炉具；厨房灶具
航海；航行
海军；海军部队
相当不错的；正派的；得体的
9．cosy (NAmE cozy) adj. 温馨的；舒适的
10．crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
11．corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的
12．episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
温馨的；舒适的
(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
公司的；法人的；社团的
(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
二、核心单词写得准
1．adversity n. 困境；逆境
2．bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．sink vi. (sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没
4．abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃
5．miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的
6．good/bad tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的
7．genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
8．thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的
9．damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
10．recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏
11．rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
12．candidate n. 候选人；应试者
adversity
bitter
sink
abandon
miserable
good/bad tempered
genuine
thorough
damp
recreation
rough
candidate
三、拓展单词通变化
1．qualify vt. 使合格；使具有资格→qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualification n. 资格；资历
2．enthusiasm n. 热情；热心→enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv. 热情地
3．board v. 上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n. 木板；董事会；伙食→aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
4．assign vt. 分派；布置；分配→assignment n. 分派；布置；分配
5．selfish adj. 自私的→selfishness n. 自私→selfless adj. 无私的→selflessness n. 无私，忘我
6．persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
qualify
qualified
qualification
enthusiasm
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
board
aboard
assign
assignment
selfish
selfishness
selfless
selflessness
persevere
perseverance
7．resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念→resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定
8．guide vt. 指导 n. 向导；指南→guidance n. 指导；引导；导航
9．advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertiser n. 广告商→advertisement n. 广告→advertising n. 广告活动；广告业
10．commit v. 犯罪；承诺；委托→commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献
resolve
resolution
guide
guidance
advertise
advertiser
advertisement
advertising
commit
commitment
四、重点词块明搭配
1．turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)
2．make fire 生火
3．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
4．keep one's spirits up 保持某人高昂的情绪
5．hold on 坚持住；等一下；别挂断
6．cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来
7．be enthusiastic about 对……热情
8．apply to join the expedition 申请加入探险之旅
9．be full of vigour 朝气蓬勃
10．keep us optimistic 使我们保持乐观
11．fill me with hope 让我充满希望
12．be/become stuck in 困住；陷于
turn sb. down
make fire
give off
keep one's spirits up
hold on
cheer sb.up
对……热情
申请加入探险之旅
朝气蓬勃
使我们保持乐观
让我充满希望
困住；陷于
五、教材佳句会运用
1．嗯，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的广告。(It happened that…)
Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
2．我们现在在冰上扎营，并且一直在设法生存，但是春天要来了，冰很快就会开始融化。(have/has been doing)
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
3．如果没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve．
it so happened that
have been managing
weren't
would all starve
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．According to the airline rules, we recommend you switch off your mobile phone before you go aboard (上) the plane.
2．That last candidate (候选人) impressed me with his knowledge of the company's activities; he has really done his homework.
3．Being genuine (真诚的) and good tempered, he has been getting along well with his classmates.
4．Sports and recreation (娱乐) have always been part of university life.
5．(2023·全国甲卷)Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture (家具), she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
aboard
candidate
genuine
recreation
furniture
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．There was a long line of abandoned (abandon) trucks and carts on a road leading up to a bridge.
2．The student going to art or drama school will be very enthusiastic about further education.
3．(2024·北京卷)Typically, cruelty (cruel) and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised.
4．Could you give me a job description of the position advertised (advertise)
5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately (unfortunate), there is no magic list I can offer.
abandoned
about
cruelty
advertised
Unfortunately
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．We had dreamed of visiting the Great Wall and it was not until last year that we managed to make it．
2．They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't have been stuck in the storm.
3．What is known to us all is that not giving off waste gas is an advantage of riding bicycles.
4．She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
5．They discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fire．
turn down；give off；make it；make fire；set off
make it
set off
giving off
turned down
made fire
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If I were you, I would certainly make full use of the time to improve my academic performance.
2．76岁的威尔逊是一名退休工程师，过去八年来一直为大学生提供免费的乘车服务。(have been doing)
76 year old Wilson, a retired engineer, has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
3．碰巧的是，他们在同一个村庄度过了他们的童年。(It happened that…)
It happened that they spent their childhood in the same village.
If I were you,
has been offering free rides to college students
It happened that they spent their childhood
4．(2023·新课标卷读后续写)正是你鼓励我的话激励我去参加比赛，如果没有你鼓励的话语，我早就放弃了。(without虚拟语气)
It was your encouraging words that inspired me to take part in the contest, without which I would have given up．
without
which I would have given up
课时作业30
第
分
部
五
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2024·河南名校联盟高三模拟)
Melissa Sevigny, a science journalist for Arizona Public Radio, recounts the details of the 1938 river journey of Elzada Clover and Lois Jotter, who, along with their guide, Norm Nevills, and a few other crew members, traveled down the Colorado River with the goal of cataloging (登记) undiscovered plants in the area. The Colorado River was known as the most dangerous river in the world. But for Clover and Jotter, it held a great appeal: no one had surveyed the Grand Canyon's plants, and they were determined to be the first.
As women scientists, Clover and Jotter faced scrutiny (监督) even before their trip began. They started in Green River, Utah, and then traveled through Cataract Canyon, Glen Canyon, and the Grand Canyon before ending at Lake Mead. For Clover, the trip fit perfectly with her dream of cataloging all the Southwest's cacti (a kind of plant), but, more than that, it was a chance to make her mark on the field of botany. As they made their way down the river, they continued to face challenges, including navigating intense rapids, losing one of their three boats, and dealing with aggressive reporters and inaccurate and imaginary news reports. When Clover and Jotter finally reached the entrance of the Grand Canyon, they felt apprehensive, but they decided they had no choice now but to brave the wild river.
Drawing information from the crew's letters and journals, Sevigny brings us directly into the boats and introduces us to many of the plants that Clover and Jotter surveyed and collected. The author also includes a map of the route and photographic images of the crew at different points along the way. Woven (编织) throughout the narrative of Clover and Jotter is the early history of travel on the Colorado River as well as how Indigenous peoples, Europeans, and the Park Service have shaped the ecology of the river over time.
As the author notes, women in science still face challenges and barriers; Sevigny hopes that recalling the past will lead to a fairer future.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇书评。文章主要讲述了科学记者Melissa Sevigny回顾了Elzada Clover和Lois Jotter在1938年与导游Norm Nervills以及其他几名船员一起沿着科罗拉多河进行的探险之旅。
1．What motivated Clover and Jotter to make the journey？( )
A．The native cultures.
B．The plants of the Grand Canyon.
C．The scenery along the river.
D．The Southwest's cactus species.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Colorado River was known as the most dangerous river in the world. But for Clover and Jotter, it held a great appeal: no one had surveyed the Grand Canyon's plants, and they were determined to be the first.”可知，大峡谷的植物促使Clover和Jotter踏上这段旅程。故选B项。
B
2．What does the underlined word “apprehensive” mean in paragraph 2？( )
A．Relieved. B．Guilty.
C．Anxious. D．Pleased.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前面提到的“As they made their way down the river, they continued to face challenges, including navigating intense rapids, losing one of their three boats，and dealing with aggressive reporters and inaccurate and imaginary news reports.”可知，Clover和Jotter在旅途中遇到了很多困难；根据画线词后面的“but they decided they had no choice now but to brave the wild river”可知，但是现在她们别无选择，只能勇敢地面对这条狂野的河流。由上下文语境可推知，当她们最终到达大峡谷入口时，她们的感觉应该是担心和忧虑的。故猜测画线词apprehensive的意思是“担心的，忧虑的”。故选C项。
C
3．What can we learn about Clover and Jotter's adventure？( )
A．They were aided by reporters all the way.
B．They ended their journey with losing three boats.
C．They pioneered in surveying the Colorado River.
D．They took many precious photos alongside the trip.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The author also includes a map of the route and photographic images of the crew at different points along the way.”可知，Clover和Jotter在旅途中拍了许多珍贵的照片。故选D项。
D
4．What is the text？( )
A．A diary entry. B．A book review.
C．A news report. D．A travel journal.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Melissa Sevigny, a science journalist for Arizona Public Radio, recounts the details”和最后一段的内容可推知，本文是一篇书评。故选B项。
B
(2024·河南洛阳高三期末)
We've all heard of IQ, and EQ, but have you heard of AQ AQ stands for adversity (逆境) quotient and measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. Being able to handle these rough patches we all go through is not only important in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. So how can we learn to be more resilient
Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of firings, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, financial hard times and even deaths are things that can occur outside of work. AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks when life throws curveballs at us—how likely we are to deal with these situations. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the way we learn from changes in environment.
Luckily, there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient in the face of adversity. First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step—one way to help you destress is by practicing breathing exercises. Similarly, thinking about things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.
Things happen in life we can't prevent—and sometimes they aren't pleasant. But, taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AQ的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具有承受力的方法。
5．What adversities are mentioned that may occur in the workplace？( )
A.Being punished.
B．Failed relationships.
C．Missing out on a promotion.
D．The company being maintained.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the workplace, it could be in the form of firings, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion.”可知，工作场所可能会出现的逆境是错过晋升的机会。故选C。
C
6．What can someone with a high AQ supposedly do？( )
A．They can manage their emotions.
B．They can get themselves promoted.
C．They can achieve their goals easily.
D．They can avoid adversities properly.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks…and the way we learn from changes in environment.”可知，AQ能衡量我们在生活中承受冲击的能力。一个拥有高AQ的人处理这些逆境的可能性会更大，它可以预测我们的态度，毅力等。由此可推知，拥有高AQ的人在面对困境时能更好地管理自己的情绪。故选A。
A
7．Why does having a meaningful goal help in adverse situations？( )
A．You can concentrate more on a desired result.
B．You can forget about the unpleasant situations.
C．You can see clearly a bump on the way to success.
D.You can completely ignore your negative situations.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal.”可知，在不利的情况下有一个有意义的目标会让你更加专注于想要的结果。故选A。
A
8．Which is the best title for the passage？( )
A．EQ；IQ；AQ
B．How to Be Resilient
C．What Is Adversity Quotient
D．Be Brave in Face of Adversity
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段的叙述“AQ代表逆境商，衡量你应对生活起伏的能力。能够处理我们所有人所经历的这些艰难时期不仅在我们的个人生活中很重要，在我们的职业生活中也很重要。那么，我们如何才能学会更具有承受力呢？”以及最后一段的“但是，采取一些措施变得更具承受力可以更容易度过难关”可知，文章介绍了AQ的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具有承受力的方法。所以“如何变得更具承受力”适合作本文的标题。故选B。
B
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·湖北武汉高三模拟)
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I __6__ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I __7__， not knowing how to proceed. That's when my parents __8__.
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming __9__and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I __10__ the confidence as my feet __11__ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became __12__ as a family.
文章总览
From then on, every evening, we'd gather around a campfire for what we __13__ called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we'd share laughs, __14__， and insights from the day's experiences.
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn't merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing __15__ together.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一家进行了一场难忘的全国旅行，这场旅行让整个家庭变得更亲密了，而且也让作者懂得了旅行的真正意义。
文章总览
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
1．( )A.crowded B．physical
C．creative D．necessary
解析：根据句中的“it was a journey of discovery into our __2__”可知，这次旅行还是一次探索发现更深层次东西之旅，由此可知，这不仅仅是一场身体的旅行。故选B。crowded拥挤的； physical身体的； creative创造 (性) 的； necessary必要的。
B
答案分析
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
2．( )A.relationships B．potentials
C．dreams D．inspirations
解析：根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”可知，这场旅行让家庭关系更亲密了，所以这是一场探索家庭关系的旅行。故选A。 relationship关系； potential潜力； dream梦想； inspiration灵感。
A
答案分析
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
3．( )A.guided B．encouraged
C．comforted D．attracted
解析：根据空后的“with his trusty road map”可知，爸爸用地图给大家引路。故选A。guide引导 (某人至某地)；encourage鼓励； comfort安慰； attract吸引。
A
答案分析
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
4．( )A.events B．stations
C．locations D．shows
解析：根据空前的“the upcoming”和下文中的“We went through diverse __5__ from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.”可知，此处指他们即将到访的地点。故选C。event事件； station车站； location地点； show演出。
C
答案分析
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a __1__ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our __2__. Every day, Dad __3__ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming __4__. We went through diverse __5__from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
5．( )A.cultures B．landscapes
C．groups D．countries
解析：根据空后的“from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West”可知，此处指他们看到的各种各样的景观。故选B。culture文化； landscape风景； group团体； country国家。
B
答案分析
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I __6__ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I __7__， not knowing how to proceed. That's when my parents __8__.
6．( )A.imagined B．constructed
C．smoothed D．encountered
解析：根据下文中的“not knowing how to proceed”可知，作者遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。故选D。imagine想象； construct建造； smooth使平滑； encounter遇到。
D
答案分析
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I __6__ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I __7__， not knowing how to proceed. That's when my parents __8__.
7．( )A.froze B．flew
C．fell D．forgot
解析：根据句中的“Frightened”可知，作者吓得僵住了。故选A。freeze(因害怕等)不动； fly飞行； fall落下； forget忘记。
A
答案分析
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I __6__ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I __7__， not knowing how to proceed. That's when my parents __8__.
8．( )A.reached down B．stood aside
C．stepped in D．turned back
解析：根据下文可知，父母过来帮助作者，所以应是介入了作者所处的困境。故选C。reach down把……拿下来； stand aside站到一边； step in介入；turn back返回。
C
答案分析
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming __9__and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I __10__ the confidence as my feet __11__ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became __12__ as a family.
9．( )A.words B．worries
C．noises D．thoughts
解析：根据句中的“coached me”可知，妈妈用平静的话语指导作者。故选A。word话语； worry担心； noise噪音； thought想法。
A
答案分析
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming __9__and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I __10__ the confidence as my feet __11__ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became __12__ as a family.
10．( )A.lost B．maintained
C．demonstrated D．restored
解析：根据上文内容可知，作者一开始看到这条崎岖小路时吓呆了，后来在父母的帮助下终于克服了自己的害怕，由此可知，作者应是重新恢复了信心。故选D。lose失去； maintain维持； demonstrate证明，演示； restore恢复。
D
答案分析
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming __9__and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I __10__ the confidence as my feet __11__ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became __12__ as a family.
11．( )A.left B．broke
C．found D．dug
解析：根据上文中的“Dad showed me footholds”和空后的“solid ground again”可知，作者在父母的指导下找到了立足点，双脚找到了结实的地面而站稳了。故选C。
C
答案分析
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming __9__and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I __10__ the confidence as my feet __11__ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became __12__ as a family.
12．( )A.nicer B．tougher
C．braver D．closer
解析：根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”和空后的“as a family”可知，作者一家人变得更加亲密了。故选D。
D
答案分析
From then on, every evening, we'd gather around a campfire for what we __13__ called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we'd share laughs, __14__， and insights from the day's experiences.
13．( )A.originally B．affectionately
C．frequently D．simply
解析：根据空后的“called ‘Family Reflection Time'”并结合语境可知，他们将每晚进行的这个活动亲切地称为“家庭反思时间”。故选B。originally原来，起初； affectionately亲切地； frequently频繁地； simply简单地，仅仅。
B
答案分析
From then on, every evening, we'd gather around a campfire for what we __13__ called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we'd share laughs, __14__， and insights from the day's experiences.
14．( )A.sympathy B．conflict
C．tears D．profits
解析：根据空前的“laughs”可知，此处指一天中所经历的欢乐和泪水。故选C。sympathy同情； conflict冲突； tear泪水； profit利润。
C
答案分析
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn't merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing __15__ together.
15．( )A.challenges B．defeats
C．opposition D．uncertainty
解析：根据空前的“facing”并结合上文作者面临崎岖小路时父母给予帮助可知，此处指一家人一起面对挑战。 故选A。challenge挑战； defeat失败； opposition反对； uncertainty犹豫。
A
答案分析
