选择性必修第四册 UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
capacity；dive；found；freedom；grand；distribute；pick up
Located to the south of the equator, Australia is often informally called “down under”．Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is not only a political center but the 1.foundation of the country.It's a popular getaway where you can 2.dive into many delicious meals. Bakeries, fast－food joints, butcher shops, and restaurants provide you with premier food experiences. However, when it comes to life, Australians have a straightforward attitude.They long for 3.freedom and their economy has 4.picked up greatly these years.There are some iconic sites，and their 5.grand tourism slogan “There's nothing like Australia.” is awesome.
As is known to us, Australia has a lot of unique animals. The kangaroo has a wide 6.distribution and is a symbol of the country. Baby kangaroos sleep in their mother's pouch，a temporary environment. Koalas spend most of their time living on tree trunks. Some are raised in certain licensed zoos and animal experts check them on a weekly basis.The duck－billed platypus is really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology. Besides, it has the 7.capacity to find food in the water.
提示：加底纹词汇为本单元复现词汇
1 foundation n．创建；基础；地基(→found vt.创办；创建→founder n．创立者；创建者；创办者)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(译林版选必四U1)Hopefully，you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you，but rather as a foundation (found) which will support your future development.
②The theater, founded (found) by a famous director, has a special license to perform classic plays.
[能力提升]——微写作
③正是中学时所学的知识为你未来的发展打下了坚实的基础。
What you learnt in middle schools provides/lays a solid foundation for your future development.
lay/provide the foundation(s) for sth. 为……打下基础
solid/firm foundation 坚实的基础
without foundation 毫无依据
[语料积累] ①The exhibition lays the foundation for my passion for Chinese art.(活动报道)
这次展览奠定了我热爱中国艺术的基础。
②Respect and trust provide a solid foundation for friendship.(主旨升华)
尊重和信任是友谊的坚实基础。
2 located adj.位于(→locate vt.找出……的位置；把……设置在→location n. 方位；位置)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①We set up a stage at a temporary location (locate)for the music festival.
②Located (locate)in the northwest of China, this nature reserve is famous for its beauty and mystery worldwide.
③We have three indoor activity rooms，which are located in the east of our campus, and are entitled “Recreation Room”， “Fitness Room” and “Art Studio” respectively.
[能力提升]——一句多译
④西安位于中国的西北部，曾是十三个朝代的都城。
→Xi'an, which is located in the northwest of China, served as the capital of__13__dynasties．(非限制性定语从句)
→Located in the northwest of China, Xi'an served as the capital of__13__dynasties．(分词短语作状语)
(1)be located in/on/at 位于……，坐落在……
(2)make the location 确定方位
[语料积累] ①Located at the west end of the city，the park has a lot of room for visitors to walk around.(推荐信)
这个公园位于这座城市的西端，有很大的空间供游客漫步。
②After several hours of searching, the boy was successfully located, which made us very happy.(情景、情感描写)
经过几个小时的寻找，这个男孩儿被成功找到了，这让我们非常高兴。
[名师指津] 表示“位于，坐落于”的其他表达有be situated in，lie in等
3 freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态(→free adj.免费的；自由的，不受约束的 vt.使自由，解放；释放→freely adv. 自由地；不受限制地)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2021·天津卷)Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty.But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom (free)．
②When they were free from work，they invited us to local events.
③Freedom of speech is of vital significance in the political domain．
[能力提升]——微写作
④首先应该采取措施使儿童和老人远离受污染的蔬菜。
Above all, measures should be taken to keep the children and the old free from the polluted vegetables．(发言稿)
(1)freedom from 免于
(2)free sb. from
把某人从……中释放出来；使某人摆脱……
be free to do sth. 自由做某事
set sb. free 释放某人
be free from 免受
[语料积累] ①freedom of expression/speech
表达/言论自由
②be free from heavy pressure
没有压力
③Besides enriching our school life, the winter hiking also freed us students from the heavy work of study．(活动报道)
除了丰富我们的学校生活，冬日远足也把我们学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来。
4 capacity n．能力；容量(→capable adj.有能力的；有本领的，能干的；可以……的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2022·浙江1月卷)A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level with a capacity of 120 watts or higher.
②During the senior three phase, students have the capacity to dive (dive) into studies for the college entrance exam.
③To make the computer work at full capacity, the programmer has to think like the machine.
[能力提升]——一句多译
④我有能力完美组织即将在本市举行的中国画展览。
→I have the capacity to perfectly organize the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capacity)
→I am capable of perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capable)
(1)have the capacity to do sth. 有能力做某事
at (full) capacity 满功率，满负载
with a capacity of… 容量为……
in the capacity of…
以……的资格，有……的资格
(2)be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力做某事
[语料积累] ①has a capacity of 45，000 people
能容纳四万五千人
②With a capacity to speak English fluently，I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.(申请信)
我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。
[名师指津] capacity意为“能力”时是抽象名词，其后常用不定式作定语。有类似用法的抽象名词还有：ability，desire，ambition，attempt，chance，determination，eagerness等。
5 a handful of少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful (hand) of overly ambitious sportsmen.
②The hungry boy bit a mouthful (mouth) of bread, and swallowed it quickly.
③We had a houseful (house) of guests last weekend.
[能力提升]——微写作
④我想向在我生命中最艰难的时刻支持我的几个朋友表达我诚挚的感谢。他们的善良和鼓励就像黑暗中的灯塔。
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to a handful of friends who supported me during the most difficult time of my life.Their kindness and encouragement are like beacons in the dark.(感谢信)
(1)handfuls of 几把，一把把
(2)a spoonful of 一勺
a basketful of 一篮子
a mouthful of 一口
a houseful of 一屋子
[语料积累] ①a handful of volunteers
一小部分志愿者
②To her disappointment, she invited all her friends to her party, but only a handful of them turned up.(情感、情景描写)
令她感到失望的是，她请了所有朋友来参加她的聚会，但只有少数几个人到场。
[名师指津] a handful of既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词，既可以接人也可以接物。
6 句型公式：what引导名词性从句
(教材原句)Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
就我个人而言，对于澳大利亚，我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①What he hopes to get from the job is (be) a sense of achievement.
②What seem to be small problems are (be)actually big challenges for us.
③The question what makes the matter worse requires careful consideration.
④They were amazed at what a grand distribution of awards there was at the ceremony.
[能力提升]——微写作
⑤坚持是一种品质，这是做好任何事情所需要的。
Perseverance is a kind of quality, and that's what it takes to do anything well．(演讲稿)
(1)what 在名词性从句中既有连接作用，同时又在从句中充当一定的成分，可表示 “…… 的事物/东西/样子/地方”等。它可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
(2)what 引导主语从句时常视为整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；当what 指代复数概念时，主句谓语动词用复数形式，或表语是复数形式时，主句谓语动词用复数形式。
[语料积累] ①What really matters is…
真正重要的是……
②Through the journey, she understood what growth meant—facing difficulties to gain deeper life understanding.(主旨升华)
在这个过程中，她明白了成长的意义——通过面对困难来获得对生活更深刻的理解。
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空/单句语法填空]
1．I can't wait to meet (meet) my new teachers and classmates.
2．Music plays a part in relieving people's stress.
3．With the warm welcome from the host family, I quickly felt at home.
4．A flock of birds flew across the sky, making beautiful patterns.
5．Pandas are native to China and are loved by people all over the world.
1．feel at home 舒适自在，不拘束
2．a flock of 一群(羊或鸟)
3．be in close contact with
与……保持密切联系
4．be native to
源于……的；原产于；土生土长于
5．make up 组成；构成
6．can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
7．play a part in 在……中起作用
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——名词后缀 dom
名词后缀 dom表示情况、状态、性质、身份、领域。例如本单元中的单词：freedom(n. 自由；不受……影响的状态)是由形容词free(自由的)＋后缀 dom转化而来。名词后缀 dom的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．After years of struggle, the country finally achieved its freedom and became an independent nation. n. 自由
2．The ancient kingdom was known for its wealth and advanced culture, which attracted traders from other countries. n. 王国
3．The elderly man shared his wisdom with the younger generation, offering advice on life and work. n. 智慧
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．joint
A.adj.共同的；联合的 B．n.关节 C．n.连接处；接头
(1)Ever since the injury，the joints in his legs have ached in the rainy weather.B
(2)They were joint owners of the house by appointment.A
(3)Something must have been wrong.Let's check the joint between the inner and outer panels.C
2．pick up
A.学会 B．增强 C．逮捕；拘捕 D．接(某人) E．好转，改善 F．得(病)；染上(疾病) G．拿起
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom－poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织)．G
(2)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The wind picked up and thunder rolled.B
(3)Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self－driving minibus.D
(4)Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24－year－old who picked up his colourful English in California…A
(5)The official had been picked up by police at his office.C
(6)They've picked up a really nasty infection from something they've eaten.F
(7)Chinese officials hope that trade will pick up when the two countries switch to hard currency.E
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies. n. 基金会
[点拨]foundation(熟义)n.创建；基础；地基。此处意为“基金会”。
2．Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.全心投入
[点拨]dive(熟义)v.扑向，冲向。此处引申为“迅速投入”。“dive into” 是固定短语，在此处意为“全心投入”。
3．The students flocked round their teacher after class to ask many questions. v. 群聚；蜂拥
[点拨]flock(熟义)n.(羊或鸟)群； 一大群人。此处用作动词，意为“聚集； 蜂拥”。
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(复习过去分词)
1．(2024·北京卷)Dishonest and violent (violence) behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.
2．The lecture sponsored (sponsor) by the college drew a large number of students.
3．Influenced by a high school biology (biological) teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
4．The relief goods, distributed (distribute) by the volunteers, reached the disaster－stricken area in time.
5．Fatal road accidents have decreased in frequency (frequent) over recent years.
6．The political (politics) leaders from eight of the world's wealthiest nations will meet in Scotland this summer.
7．Today we all gather here to grandly (grand) celebrate the International Women's Day.
8．Limited resources are restricting our capacity (capable) for developing new products.
9．The traffic was temporarily (temporary) halted due to an accident on the highway.
10．Having hatched (hatch) the scheme in secret, they started to put it into action.
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．(2024·新课标卷应用文写作)整个经历带给我的(感受)是无比清爽的。(what引导名词性从句)
What the entire experience brought me was incredibly refreshing．(告知信)
2．(2024·北京卷书面表达)首先，谈一谈中国的经济增长和技术进步，在这些当中有过去几十年的亮点。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
To begin with, talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, among which are the highlights in the past few decades．(建议信)
3．颐和园位于北京西北部，被誉为古代最好的皇家园林之一。(located in…)
Located in the northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is recognized/acknowledged/referred to as one of the best ancient royal gardens．
4．(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)在我看来，我们应该阅读更多的英文原版书，从而为英语学习奠定坚实的基础。(foundation)
From my point of view, we should read more English originals, thus laying a solid foundation for English learning．
5．Words can hardly express our gratitude, but we still want to say thank you from the bottom of our hearts.(感谢信)
→While words can hardly express our gratitude, we still want to say thank you from the bottom of our hearts．(用while引导的让步状语从句升级)
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假定你是李华，你校组织在校留学生于上周日游览了长城，而你担任了此次活动的导游。请你用英语写一篇短文，记述这次游览活动。
Last Sunday our school organized a visit to the Great Wall，1.whose aim is to help the foreign students in our school admire the beautiful scenery in China (其目的是帮助我校的外国学生欣赏中国美丽的风景；定语从句)．
The moment we got there by school bus，we 2.couldn't wait to climb it (迫不及待地想要去攀登)．Seeing this fantastic wonder，the foreign students 3.couldn't help speaking highly of the architecture capacity of ancient Chinese people (忍不住高度赞扬中国古人的建筑能力)．As the tour guide, I told them a handful of stories about the Great Wall, 4.in which they were very interested (他们对这些故事很感兴趣；“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)．5.While we were exhausted after spending about three hours getting to the highest section (虽然我们在花了大约三个小时到达最高处后都筋疲力尽了；while引导让步状语从句)，we were all in high spirits.
It was obvious that the grand construction left a deep impression on the foreign students and I feel proud of the great wisdom of Chinese people.
维度二 读后续写微技能33——风、云、雨、雪等自然环境描写
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．howl v．(风)怒号，呼啸 2．dark clouds 乌云 3．dance gracefully 翩翩起舞 4．blanket every roof 覆盖每一个屋顶 5．the icy wind 寒风 6．the dreadful rain 可怕的雨 7．dark clouds gathering quickly 乌云迅速聚集 8．the first drops of rain 最初的雨滴 9．soft white snow 柔软的白色雪花 10．drift down 飘落 11．feel a fresh wind on one's face 一阵清风吹在某人脸上 12．a sudden cold rush of air 一阵冷风
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．天边乌云密布。
Dark clouds massed on the horizon．
2．可怕的雨猛烈地拍打着窗户。
The dreadful rain was beating wildly against the windows.
3．洁白如羽毛的雪花在空中翩翩起舞。
The pure feathery snowflakes were dancing gracefully in the air.
4．寒风开始呼啸，像一把锋利的刀划破我的脸。
The icy wind started howling, cutting my face like a sharp knife．
5．雪覆盖了每一个屋顶，压在老树枝上。
Snow blanketed every roof and weighed on the branches of old trees．
任务2 语段表达
At first, 1.the wind howled (风在呼啸) through the trees, making the branches sway and leaves rustle. Then, 2.dark clouds gathered quickly (乌云迅速聚集), covering the sky like a thick blanket. Soon, 3.the first drops of rain (最初的雨滴) began to fall, tapping lightly on the windows. As the rain grew heavier, everything outside became a blur of water and sound. Suddenly, the rain turned to snow, and 4.soft white snow started drifting down (柔软的白色雪花开始飘落), covering the ground in a quiet, peaceful layer. The world outside transformed into a winter wonderland, and all the noise faded away, replaced by the gentle whisper of falling snow.
————基础默测—————
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．barbecue n. (abbr. BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架
2．bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂
3．joint n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的
4．premier adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相
5．hollow adj. 中空的；空心的
6．slogan n. 标语；口号
7．arrow n. 箭；箭头
8．domain n. 领域；领土；范围
9．sample n. 样本；样品
10．monument n. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
11．vibrate vt. & vi. (使)振动
12．liberty n. 自由
13．phase n. 阶段；时期
二、核心单词写得准
1．straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的
2．entitle vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
3．dive vi. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
4．sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办 n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者
5．temporary adj. 暂时的；短暂的
6．session n. 一场；一段时间；会议
7．hatch vi. 孵出；破壳 vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指) 密谋
8．grand adj. 大；宏大的
9．capacity n. 能力；容量
三、拓展单词通变化
1．found vt. 创立；建立；创办→foundation n. 创建；基础；地基→founder n. 创立者；缔造者
2．locate vt. 把……设置在；把……建造于→located adj. 位于→location n. 位置
3．free adj. 免费的；自由的；不受约束的→freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态
4．distribute vt. 分配；分发；使分布，分散→distribution n. 分布；分配；分发→distributor n. 经销商；分配者
5．license vt. 批准；许可 n. 许可证；执照→licensed adj. 得到正式许可的
6．frequent adj. 频繁的；时常发生的；惯常的→frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常地；时常；屡次
7．violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→violence n. 暴力；暴行→violently adv. 强烈地；激烈地
四、重点词块明搭配
1．make an impression on… 给……留下印象
2．refer to…as… 把……称作……
3．be native to 原产于……
4．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
5．feel at home 有宾至如归的感觉
6．make up 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
7．be in close contact with 与……保持密切联系
8．do some research on… 对……进行一些研究
9．in the interest of animal protection 为了动物保护
10．in a good state 处于良好状态
五、教材佳句会运用
1．他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
2．就我个人而言，对于澳大利亚，我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。(what引导名词性从句)
Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
3．虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特性。(while引导让步状语从句)
While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal，with a unique biology.
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2023·浙江1月卷)The day is divided into two thematic sessions (会议)per age group.
2．(2022·全国甲卷)Every weekend this is “Wales” premier (最著名的) comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike.
3．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary (暂时的) exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.
4．The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward (简单的) to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic like parts.
5．When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to indicate a sample (样本) is infected.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The rent is reasonable，and moreover，the location (locate) is perfect.
2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most frequently (frequent)，the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.”
3．(2021·全国乙卷)A coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom (free) from interruptions.
4．(外研版选必四U4)After I went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution (distribute)．
5．A report shows that most violence (violent) between students begins with small things.
Ⅲ.选词填空
pick up；a flock of；be native to；come across；make up
1．In the fall we sometimes hear honks as a flock of geese flies south.
2．She picked up a valuable first edition at a village book sale.
3．The teacher asked the students to make up short dialogues by themselves.
4．The wolf is native to the Falkland Islands, located 300 miles off the southeastern tip of South America.
5．If you come across a term whose meaning you have forgotten, consult the index.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．我们学校正举行一系列的课外活动，比如武术和书法，其中国画是我最喜欢的。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
A variety of after class activities, such as martial arts and Chinese calligraphy，are being held in our school，among which the traditional Chinese painting is my favourite．
2．就算你从世界上最好的学校毕业，这也是不够的，因为最重要的是你的技能。(what引导主语从句)
Even if you graduate from the best school in the world, it's not enough because what matters most is your skill.
3．虽然在学习上他对我们要求很严格，但他也确实关心我们的生活。(while引导的让步状语从句)
While he is so strict with us in our study, he does care about our lives.
课时作业33
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2025·东北三省精准教学联考)
I took a trip to visit New York with my dad after graduating from high school. One of the places on his list for us to visit was a “rare violin shop”. We made our way down the crowded streets and stopped in front of a tall building.
This building was not what I had pictured. I'd been imagining a street level shop, open to the public, with some interesting and older violins on display. As we walked inside, we were greeted by a receptionist who asked if we had an appointment, since they were by appointment only. I wanted the ground to swallow me whole and decided to give up the visit. However, my dad eagerly told her, “No, we didn't but, my daughter plays the violin with her high school orchestra. And we would love to just pop inside and browse! Don't mind us！”
The receptionist gave him an odd look but excused herself to talk to a well dressed man, who told us that since he had no other appointments right now, he would love to give us a tour.
The starting price for a violin here, we found out, was 10 thousand dollars. He showed us around a very private feeling and swanky looking condo (奢华的工作间), pointing out a room where he casually mentioned he would chat with Joshua Bell when he came by. My jaw was on the floor the entire time.
At the end, the man picked up a Stradivarius and asked me to play a string while he held it. And he triumphantly said, “There! Now you've played a Stradivarius.”
I don't remember the man's name, but meeting him is a real stroke of luck for me and I'm grateful that he decided to show a no appointment, non customer visitor around. His warm behavior helped inspire me to continue pursuing my instrument after high school!
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者高中毕业后和父亲一起去纽约旅行，参观了一家“稀有小提琴店”的经历。
1．What kind of violin shop had the author expected to visit？( C )
A．Tall and magnificent.
B．Mysterious and odd.
C．Popular and fascinating.
D．High end and professional.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“I'd been imagining a street level shop, open to the public, with some interesting and older violins on display.”可推知，作者原本期待参观的是一家向公众开放、有趣且古老的小提琴店铺，它应该是受欢迎且迷人的。故选C项。
2．How did the author feel after being greeted by a receptionist？( B )
A．Proud. B．Embarrassed.
C．Guilty. D．Depressed.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“I wanted the ground to swallow me whole and decided to give up the visit.”可推知，在被接待员接待后，作者感到很尴尬，甚至想要放弃参观。故选B项。
3．According to paragraph 4, what might Joshua Bell be？( B )
A．A receptionist. B．A celebrity.
C．A salesman. D．A shopkeeper.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“He showed us around a very private feeling and swanky looking condo…when he came by. My jaw was on the floor the entire time.”可知，他能和Joshua Bell聊天让作者感到震惊，由此推知Joshua Bell很可能是一个名人。故选B项。
4．What can be concluded from the passage？( C )
A．The shop overprices its customers.
B．Stradivarius is a mass market brand.
C．The author enjoys her visit to the shop.
D．The well dressed man is a great violinist.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“but meeting him is a real stroke of luck for me and I'm grateful that he decided to show a no appointment…after high school”可知，作者认为能遇到那位男士是幸运的，说明她很享受这次参观店铺的经历。故选C项。
(2025·浙江杭州二中高三开学摸底)
Lord Norman Foster, renowned as one of the world's foremost architects, has devoted decades to redefining the concept of tall buildings. “What we've done is create a sense of identity drawn from real needs，” Foster said. “It's not a fashionable idea, but generated from the realities we were in.” His masterpiece includes iconic structures such as the HSBC building in Hong Kong. Now, he's set his sights on Qatar.
Currently nearing completion and set to reach a height of 301 meters, Foster's Lusail Towers are ready to claim the title of Qatar's tallest buildings. Lusail Towers are intended to serve as a center for Qatar's financial institutions, with four distinctive blocks, two standing at 70 stories and two at 50 stories.
But the construction itself wasn't all plain sailing. To address the unique challenges presented by Qatar's hot climate, Foster's team had to depart from the materials commonly used in skyscrapers in cooler countries—part of what Foster called a decades long quest to “reinvent the tall building”. The design combines advanced shading with ventilation (通风), while the towers' surfaces are coated with “marine grade” aluminum (铝) that wraps around the buildings, protecting the glass from strong sunlight while maintaining the views and still letting in natural light. Central to the project are special shading fins (鳍), which not only optimize views and natural lighting for occupants but reduce solar radiation by 70% compared to traditional all glass towers.
While the towers are ready to become a recognizable landmark for Lusail, Foster believes that a city's skyline reflects what lies beneath the surface. It was crucial to integrate the towers into a “low scale master plan”. They are strategically positioned on top of a subway line and at the end of a commercial avenue linking the waterfront to the nearby football stadium. According to Foster, the ground features of the plaza will play a significant role in the objective of transforming the area into a lively public space for the future.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建筑师Lord Norman Foster和他设计的卡塔尔Lusail Towers的背景和特点。
5．According to Foster's concept, what should tall buildings be like？( D )
A．Creative. B．Identical.
C．Fashionable. D．Practical.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘What we've done is create a sense of identity drawn from real needs，’Foster said. ‘It's not a fashionable idea, but generated from the realities we were in.’”可知，根据Foster的理解，高层建筑应该是实用的。故选D。
6．What can we learn about the Lusail Towers？( B )
A．They will function as a global financial center.
B.They are expected to be Qatar's tallest building.
C.They are Foster's most renowned iconic masterpiece.
D．They have four blocks with the same style and height.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Currently nearing completion and set to reach a height of 301 meters, Foster's Lusail Towers are ready to claim the title of Qatar's tallest buildings.”可知，Lusail Towers有望成为卡塔尔最高的建筑。故选B。
7．What was the solution to the challenges caused by Qatar's hot climate？( B )
A．Replacing the glass with “marine grade” aluminum.
B．Coating the tower with an unconventional material.
C．Reducing the views and natural lighting with shading fins.
D．Protecting the glass from natural light and solar radiation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The design combines advanced shading with ventilation (通风), while the towers' surfaces are coated with ‘marine grade’ aluminum (铝) that wraps around the buildings, protecting the glass from strong sunlight while maintaining the views and still letting in natural light.”可知，给塔涂上一层非常规材料可以解决卡塔尔炎热气候带来的挑战。故选B。
8．What's the goal of “low scale master plan”？( C )
A．To link the waterfront to the football stadium.
B．To create a remarkable plaza for the citizens.
C．To offer a dynamic public space for the future.
D．To connect a subway and a commercial avenue.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“According to Foster, the ground features of the plaza will play a significant role in the objective of transforming the area into a lively public space for the future.”可知，小规模总体规划的目标是为未来提供一个充满活力的公共空间。故选C。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·广东八校高三联考)
Native Shanghainese Shi Yue, a junior art director at McCann Worldgroup Italy who has been living in Milan for 10 years, is always amazed by the similarities1 (share) between her hometown and the Italian city she currently stays.
Open, inclusive, developed, international, and trendy…These are the words that she used 2 (describe) the two cities, both of which serve 3 global hubs for many industries, in particular, fashion and design.
“The two cities are alike，” Shi exclaimed. Her4 (observe) is echoed(附和) by two Italians now living in Shanghai: Gabriele Fezia, an Italian artist and curator, and Aldo Cibie, an Italian architect and designer.
“Everybody agrees that Milan and Shanghai have5 special connection and there are many similarities—especially in the way 6 society and people act and think，” said Fezia, who comes from Alessandria near Milan and 7 (move) to Shanghai in 2000.
Since 1979, Shanghai and Milan 8 (be) the first pair of sister cities between China and Italy. The friendship has been 9 (particular) enhanced through joint efforts such as hosting the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai and the 2015 World Expo in Milan, facilitated by cooperative 10 (agreement) between their organizing committees.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了上海和米兰这两个城市在多个方面的相似之处，以及它们之间的友好关系和合作。
1．shared
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在米兰生活了10年的上海本地人施悦是意大利麦肯世界集团的初级艺术总监，她总是对家乡和目前居住的意大利城市之间的相似之处感到惊讶。similarities 与share之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词作后置定语，故填shared。
2．to describe
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：开放、包容、发达、国际化、时尚……这些是她用来形容这两个城市的词汇。use sth.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“用某物做某事”，故填to describe。
3．as
解析：考查介词。句意：这两个城市都是全球许多行业的中心，特别是时尚和设计行业。serve as为固定短语，意为“充当，作为”，故填as。
4．observation
解析：考查名词。句意：她的观察得到了两位现居上海的意大利人的附和。her是形容词性物主代词，其后应接名词，observe的名词形式是observation，故填observation。
5．a
解析：考查冠词。句意：每个人都认为米兰和上海有着特殊的联系。此处泛指“一种特殊的联系”，special是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
6．that
解析：考查定语从句。句意：尤其是在社会和人们的行为和思考方式上。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the way，在定语从句中作方式状语，关系词用that或in which，空格处只能填一词，故填that。
7．moved
解析：考查动词时态。句意：来自米兰附近亚历山德里亚的Fezia于2000年搬到上海。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2000可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作，故填moved。
8．have been
解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自 1979 年以来，上海和米兰一直是中意两国的第一对友好城市。根据时间状语 Since 1979 可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语是Shanghai and Milan，助动词应用have，故填have been。
9．particularly
解析：考查副词。句意：这种友谊尤其通过双方的共同努力得到了加强。enhanced是动词，应用副词修饰，particular的副词形式是particularly，故填particularly。
10．agreements
解析：考查名词复数。句意：比如通过上海和米兰的组委会之间的合作协议，成功举办了2010年上海世博会和2015年米兰世博会。agreement 是可数名词，作宾语，因此处为泛指，应用复数形式，故填agreements。(共77张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
RJ英语
选择性必修第四册
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
高效课堂 考点突破
多维演练 素养提升
第一部分
第二部分
第三部分
重难考点
拾遗考点
A
B
课时作业33
第五部分
基础默测
第四部分
默写达标
基础检测
A
B
词汇复现 语境串记
第
分
部
一
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
Located to the south of the equator, Australia is often informally called “down under”．Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is not only a political center but the 1.foundation of the country.It's a popular getaway where you can 2.dive into many delicious meals. Bakeries, fast－food joints, butcher shops, and restaurants provide you with premier food experiences. However, when it comes to life, Australians have a straightforward attitude.They long for 3.freedom and their economy has 4.picked up greatly these years.There are some iconic sites，and their 5.grand tourism slogan “There's nothing like Australia.” is awesome.
capacity；dive；found；freedom；grand；distribute；pick up
foundation
dive
freedom
picked up
grand
As is known to us, Australia has a lot of unique animals. The kangaroo has a wide 6.distribution and is a symbol of the country. Baby kangaroos sleep in their mother's pouch，a temporary environment. Koalas spend most of their time living on tree trunks. Some are raised in certain licensed zoos and animal experts check them on a weekly basis.The duck－billed platypus is really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology. Besides, it has the 7.capacity to find food in the water.
distribution
capacity
高效课堂 考点突破
第
分
部
二
1 foundation n．创建；基础；地基(→found vt.创办；创建→founder n．创立
者；创建者；创办者)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(译林版选必四U1)Hopefully，you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you，but rather as a foundation (found) which will support your future development.
②The theater, founded (found) by a famous director, has a special license to perform classic plays.
重难考点
foundation
founded
[能力提升]——微写作
③正是中学时所学的知识为你未来的发展打下了坚实的基础。
What you learnt in middle schools provides/lays a solid foundation for your future development.
provides/lays a solid foundation for
lay/provide the foundation(s) for sth. 为……打下基础
solid/firm foundation 坚实的基础
without foundation 毫无依据
[语料积累] ①The exhibition lays the foundation for my passion for Chinese art.(活动报道)
这次展览奠定了我热爱中国艺术的基础。
②Respect and trust provide a solid foundation for friendship.(主旨升华)
尊重和信任是友谊的坚实基础。
2 located adj.位于(→locate vt.找出……的位置；把……设置在→location n. 方
位；位置)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①We set up a stage at a temporary location (locate)for the music festival.
②Located (locate)in the northwest of China, this nature reserve is famous for its beauty and mystery worldwide.
③We have three indoor activity rooms，which are located in the east of our campus, and are entitled “Recreation Room”， “Fitness Room” and “Art Studio” respectively.
location
Located
in
[能力提升]——一句多译
④西安位于中国的西北部，曾是十三个朝代的都城。
→Xi'an, which is located in the northwest of China, served as the capital of 13 dynasties．(非限制性定语从句)
→Located in the northwest of China, Xi'an served as the capital of 13 dynasties．(分词短语作状语)
Xi'an, which is located in the northwest of China, served as the capital of 13
dynasties
Located in the northwest of China, Xi'an served as the capital of 13 dynasties
(1)be located in/on/at 位于……，坐落在……
(2)make the location 确定方位
[语料积累] ①Located at the west end of the city，the park has a lot of room for visitors to walk around.(推荐信)
这个公园位于这座城市的西端，有很大的空间供游客漫步。
②After several hours of searching, the boy was successfully located, which made us very happy.(情景、情感描写)
经过几个小时的寻找，这个男孩儿被成功找到了，这让我们非常高兴。
[名师指津] 表示“位于，坐落于”的其他表达有be situated in，lie in等
3 freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态(→free adj.免费的；自由的，不受约
束的 vt.使自由，解放；释放→freely adv. 自由地；不受限制地)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2021·天津卷)Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty.But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom (free)．
②When they were free from work，they invited us to local events.
③Freedom of speech is of vital significance in the political domain．
[能力提升]——微写作
④首先应该采取措施使儿童和老人远离受污染的蔬菜。
Above all, measures should be taken to keep the children and the old free from the polluted vegetables．(发言稿)
freedom
from
of
to keep the children and the old free from the
polluted vegetables
(1)freedom from 免于
(2)free sb. from 把某人从……中释放出来；使某人摆脱……
be free to do sth. 自由做某事
set sb. free 释放某人
be free from 免受
[语料积累] ①freedom of expression/speech表达/言论自由
②be free from heavy pressure没有压力
③Besides enriching our school life, the winter hiking also freed us students from the heavy work of study．(活动报道)
除了丰富我们的学校生活，冬日远足也把我们学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来。
4 capacity n．能力；容量(→capable adj.有能力的；有本领的，能干的；可
以……的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2022·浙江1月卷)A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level with a capacity of 120 watts or higher.
②During the senior three phase, students have the capacity to dive (dive) into studies for the college entrance exam.
③To make the computer work at full capacity, the programmer has to think like the machine.
with
to dive
at
[能力提升]——一句多译
④我有能力完美组织即将在本市举行的中国画展览。
→I have the capacity to perfectly organize the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capacity)
→I am capable of perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capable)
I have the capacity to perfectly organize
I am capable of perfectly organizing
(1)have the capacity to do sth. 有能力做某事
at (full) capacity 满功率，满负载
with a capacity of… 容量为……
in the capacity of… 以……的资格，有……的资格
(2)be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力做某事
[语料积累] ①has a capacity of 45，000 people
能容纳四万五千人
②With a capacity to speak English fluently，I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.(申请信)
我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。
[名师指津] capacity意为“能力”时是抽象名词，其后常用不定式作定语。有类似用法的抽象名词还有：ability，desire，ambition，attempt，chance，determination，eagerness等。
5 a handful of少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful (hand) of overly ambitious sportsmen.
②The hungry boy bit a mouthful (mouth) of bread, and swallowed it quickly.
③We had a houseful (house) of guests last weekend.
[能力提升]——微写作
④我想向在我生命中最艰难的时刻支持我的几个朋友表达我诚挚的感谢。他们的善良和鼓励就像黑暗中的灯塔。
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to a handful of friends who supported me during the most difficult time of my life.Their kindness and encouragement are like beacons in the dark.(感谢信)
handful
mouthful
houseful
express my sincere gratitude to a handful of friends
(1)handfuls of 几把，一把把
(2)a spoonful of 一勺
a basketful of 一篮子
a mouthful of 一口
a houseful of 一屋子
[语料积累] ①a handful of volunteers 一小部分志愿者
②To her disappointment, she invited all her friends to her party, but only a handful of them turned up.(情感、情景描写)
令她感到失望的是，她请了所有朋友来参加她的聚会，但只有少数几个人到场。
[名师指津] a handful of既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词，既可以接人也可以接物。
6 句型公式：what引导名词性从句
(教材原句)Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
就我个人而言，对于澳大利亚，我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①What he hopes to get from the job is (be) a sense of achievement.
②What seem to be small problems are (be)actually big challenges for us.
③The question what makes the matter worse requires careful consideration.
④They were amazed at what a grand distribution of awards there was at the ceremony.
[能力提升]——微写作
⑤坚持是一种品质，这是做好任何事情所需要的。
Perseverance is a kind of quality, and that's what it takes to do anything well．(演讲稿)
is
are
what
what
what it takes to do anything well
(1)what 在名词性从句中既有连接作用，同时又在从句中充当一定的成分，可表示 “…… 的事物/东西/样子/地方”等。它可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
(2)what 引导主语从句时常视为整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；当what 指代复数概念时，主句谓语动词用复数形式，或表语是复数形式时，主句谓语动词用复数形式。
[语料积累] ①What really matters is… 真正重要的是……
②Through the journey, she understood what growth meant—facing difficulties to gain deeper life understanding.(主旨升华)
在这个过程中，她明白了成长的意义——通过面对困难来获得对生活更深刻的理解。
拾遗考点
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空/单句语法填空]
1．I can't wait to meet (meet) my new teachers and classmates.
2．Music plays a part in relieving people's stress.
3．With the warm welcome from the host family, I quickly felt at home.
4．A flock of birds flew across the sky, making beautiful patterns.
5．Pandas are native to China and are loved by people all over the world.
to meet
plays a part in
felt at home
A flock of
to
1．feel at home 舒适自在，不拘束
2．a flock of 一群(羊或鸟)
3．be in close contact with
与……保持密切联系
4．be native to
源于……的；原产于；土生土长于
5．make up 组成；构成
6．can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
7．play a part in 在……中起作用
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——名词后缀 dom
名词后缀 dom表示情况、状态、性质、身份、领域。例如本单元中的单词：freedom(n. 自由；不受……影响的状态)是由形容词free(自由的)＋后缀 dom转化而来。名词后缀 dom的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．After years of struggle, the country finally achieved its freedom and became an independent nation. n. 自由
2．The ancient kingdom was known for its wealth and advanced culture, which attracted traders from other countries. n. 王国
3．The elderly man shared his wisdom with the younger generation, offering advice on life and work. n. 智慧
n. 自由
n. 王国
n. 智慧
多维演练 素养提升
第
分
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三
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．joint
(1)Ever since the injury，the joints in his legs have ached in the rainy weather.B
(2)They were joint owners of the house by appointment.A
(3)Something must have been wrong.Let's check the joint between the inner and outer panels.C
A.adj.共同的；联合的 B．n.关节 C．n.连接处；接头
B
A
C
2．pick up
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom－poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织)．G
(2)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The wind picked up and thunder rolled.B
(3)Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self－driving minibus.D
(4)Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24－year－old who picked up his colourful English in California…A
(5)The official had been picked up by police at his office.C
(6)They've picked up a really nasty infection from something they've eaten.F
(7)Chinese officials hope that trade will pick up when the two countries switch to hard currency.E
A.学会 B．增强 C．逮捕；拘捕 D．接(某人) E．好转，改善 F．得(病)；染上(疾病) G．拿起
G
B
D
A
C
F
E
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.
n. 基金会
[点拨]foundation(熟义)n.创建；基础；地基。此处意为“基金会”。
2．Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.
全心投入
[点拨]dive(熟义)v.扑向，冲向。此处引申为“迅速投入”。“dive into” 是固定短语，在此处意为“全心投入”。
3．The students flocked round their teacher after class to ask many questions.
v. 群聚；蜂拥
[点拨]flock(熟义)n.(羊或鸟)群； 一大群人。此处用作动词，意为“聚集； 蜂拥”。
n. 基金会
全心投入
v. 群聚；蜂拥
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(复习过去分词)
1．(2024·北京卷)Dishonest and violent (violence) behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.
2．The lecture sponsored (sponsor) by the college drew a large number of students.
3．Influenced by a high school biology (biological) teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
4．The relief goods, distributed (distribute) by the volunteers, reached the disaster－stricken area in time.
5．Fatal road accidents have decreased in frequency (frequent) over recent years.
6．The political (politics) leaders from eight of the world's wealthiest nations will meet in Scotland this summer.
violent
sponsored
biology
distributed
frequency
political
7．Today we all gather here to grandly (grand) celebrate the International Women's Day.
8．Limited resources are restricting our capacity (capable) for developing new products.
9．The traffic was temporarily (temporary) halted due to an accident on the highway.
10．Having hatched (hatch) the scheme in secret, they started to put it into action.
grandly
capacity
temporarily
Having hatched
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．(2024·新课标卷应用文写作)整个经历带给我的(感受)是无比清爽的。(what引导名词性从句)
What the entire experience brought me was incredibly refreshing．(告知信)
2．(2024·北京卷书面表达)首先，谈一谈中国的经济增长和技术进步，在这些当中有过去几十年的亮点。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
To begin with, talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, among which are the highlights in the past few decades．(建议信)
3．颐和园位于北京西北部，被誉为古代最好的皇家园林之一。(located in…)
Located in the northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is recognized/acknowledged/referred to as one of the best ancient royal gardens．
What the entire experience brought me was incredibly refreshing
To begin with, talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, among which are the highlights in the past few decades
Located in the northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is recognized/acknowledged/ referred to as one of the best ancient royal gardens
4．(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)在我看来，我们应该阅读更多的英文原版书，从而为英语学习奠定坚实的基础。(foundation)
From my point of view, we should read more English originals, thus laying a solid foundation for English learning．
5．Words can hardly express our gratitude, but we still want to say thank you from the bottom of our hearts.(感谢信)
→While words can hardly express our gratitude, we still want to say thank you from the bottom of our hearts．(用while引导的让步状语从句升级)
From my point of view, we should read more English originals, thus laying a solid foundation for English learning
While words can hardly express our gratitude, we still want to say thank you from the bottom of our hearts
假定你是李华，你校组织在校留学生于上周日游览了长城，而你担任了此次活动的导游。请你用英语写一篇短文，记述这次游览活动。
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
Last Sunday our school organized a visit to the Great Wall，1.whose aim is to help the foreign students in our school admire the beautiful scenery in China (其目的是帮助我校的外国学生欣赏中国美丽的风景；定语从句)．
The moment we got there by school bus，we 2.couldn‘t wait to climb it (迫不及待地想要去攀登)．Seeing this fantastic wonder，the foreign students 3.couldn’t help speaking highly of the architecture capacity of ancient Chinese people (忍不住高度赞扬中国古人的建筑能力)．As the tour guide, I told them a handful of stories about the Great Wall, 4.in which they were very interested (他们对这些故事很感兴趣；“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)．5.While we were exhausted after spending about three hours getting to the highest section (虽然我们在花了大约三个小时到达最高处后都筋疲力尽了；while引导让步状语从句)，we were all in high spirits.
It was obvious that the grand construction left a deep impression on the foreign students and I feel proud of the great wisdom of Chinese people.
whose aim is to help the
foreign students in our school admire the beautiful scenery in China
couldn't wait to climb it
couldn't help speaking
highly of the architecture capacity of ancient Chinese people
in which they were very interested
While we were exhausted after spending about three hours getting to the
highest section
维度二 读后续写微技能33——风、云、雨、雪等自然环境描写
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
1．howl v．(风)怒号，呼啸
2．dark clouds 乌云
3．dance gracefully 翩翩起舞
4．blanket every roof 覆盖每一个屋顶
5．the icy wind 寒风
6．the dreadful rain 可怕的雨
7．dark clouds gathering quickly 乌云迅速聚集
8．the first drops of rain 最初的雨滴
9．soft white snow 柔软的白色雪花
10．drift down 飘落
11．feel a fresh wind on one's face 一阵清风吹在某人脸上
12．a sudden cold rush of air 一阵冷风
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．天边乌云密布。
Dark clouds massed on the horizon．
2．可怕的雨猛烈地拍打着窗户。
The dreadful rain was beating wildly against the windows.
3．洁白如羽毛的雪花在空中翩翩起舞。
The pure feathery snowflakes were dancing gracefully in the air.
4．寒风开始呼啸，像一把锋利的刀划破我的脸。
The icy wind started howling, cutting my face like a sharp knife．
5．雪覆盖了每一个屋顶，压在老树枝上。
Snow blanketed every roof and weighed on the branches of old trees．
Dark clouds
The dreadful rain
were dancing gracefully
The icy wind
blanketed every roof
任务2 语段表达
At first, 1.the wind howled (风在呼啸) through the trees, making the branches sway and leaves rustle. Then, 2.dark clouds gathered quickly (乌云迅速聚集), covering the sky like a thick blanket. Soon, 3.the first drops of rain (最初的雨滴) began to fall, tapping lightly on the windows. As the rain grew heavier, everything outside became a blur of water and sound. Suddenly, the rain turned to snow, and 4.soft white snow started drifting down (柔软的白色雪花开始飘落), covering the ground in a quiet, peaceful layer. The world outside transformed into a winter wonderland, and all the noise faded away, replaced by the gentle whisper of falling snow.
the wind howled
dark clouds gathered quickly
the first drops of rain
soft white snow started drifting
down
基础默测
第
分
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默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．barbecue n. (abbr. BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架
2．bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂
3．joint n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节
adj. 联合的；共同的
4．premier adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相
5．hollow adj. 中空的；空心的
6．slogan n. 标语；口号
7．arrow n. 箭；箭头
8．domain n. 领域；领土；范围
户外烧烤；烤架
面包(糕饼)店；面包厂
公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节
联合的；共同的
最著名的；第一的；首要的
总理；首相
中空的；空心的
标语；口号
箭；箭头
领域；领土；范围
9．sample n. 样本；样品
10．monument n. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
11．vibrate vt. & vi. (使)振动
12．liberty n. 自由
13．phase n. 阶段；时期
样本；样品
纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
(使)振动
自由
阶段；时期
二、核心单词写得准
1．straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的
2．entitle vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
3．dive vi. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
4．sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办 n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者
5．temporary adj. 暂时的；短暂的
6．session n. 一场；一段时间；会议
7．hatch vi. 孵出；破壳 vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指) 密谋
8．grand adj. 大；宏大的
9．capacity n. 能力；容量
straightforward
entitle
dive
sponsor
temporary
session
hatch
grand
capacity
三、拓展单词通变化
1．found vt. 创立；建立；创办→foundation n. 创建；基础；地基→founder n. 创立者；缔造者
2．locate vt. 把……设置在；把……建造于→located adj. 位于→location n. 位置
3．free adj. 免费的；自由的；不受约束的→freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态
4．distribute vt. 分配；分发；使分布，分散→distribution n. 分布；分配；分发→distributor n. 经销商；分配者
5．license vt. 批准；许可 n. 许可证；执照→licensed adj. 得到正式许可的
6．frequent adj. 频繁的；时常发生的；惯常的→frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常地；时常；屡次
7．violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→violence n. 暴力；暴行→violently adv. 强烈地；激烈地
found
foundation
founder
locate
located
location
free
freedom
distribute
distribution
distributor
license
licensed
frequent
frequency
frequently
violent
violence
violently
四、重点词块明搭配
1．make an impression on… 给……留下印象
2．refer to…as… 把……称作……
3．be native to 原产于……
4．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
5．feel at home 有宾至如归的感觉
6．make up 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
7．be in close contact with 与……保持密切联系
8．do some research on… 对……进行一些研究
9．in the interest of animal protection 为了动物保护
10．in a good state 处于良好状态
make an impression on…
refer to…as…
be native to
a handful of
feel at home
组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
与……保持密切联系
对……进行一些研究
为了动物保护
处于良好状态
五、教材佳句会运用
1．他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
2．就我个人而言，对于澳大利亚，我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。(what引导名词性从句)
Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.
3．虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特性。(while引导让步状语从句)
While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal，with a unique biology.
among
which there is an amazing instrument
what I like most about Australia
While it may lay eggs
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2023·浙江1月卷)The day is divided into two thematic sessions (会议)per age group.
2．(2022·全国甲卷)Every weekend this is “Wales” premier (最著名的) comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike.
3．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary (暂时的) exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.
4．The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward (简单的) to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic like parts.
5．When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to indicate a sample (样本) is infected.
sessions
premier
temporary
straightforward
sample
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The rent is reasonable，and moreover，the location (locate) is perfect.
2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most frequently (frequent)，the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.”
3．(2021·全国乙卷)A coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom (free) from interruptions.
4．(外研版选必四U4)After I went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution (distribute)．
5．A report shows that most violence (violent) between students begins with small things.
location
frequently
freedom
distribution
violence
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．In the fall we sometimes hear honks as a flock of geese flies south.
2．She picked up a valuable first edition at a village book sale.
3．The teacher asked the students to make up short dialogues by themselves.
4．The wolf is native to the Falkland Islands, located 300 miles off the southeastern tip of South America.
5．If you come across a term whose meaning you have forgotten, consult the index.
pick up；a flock of；be native to；come across；make up
a flock of
picked up
make up
is native to
come across
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．我们学校正举行一系列的课外活动，比如武术和书法，其中国画是我最喜欢的。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
A variety of after class activities, such as martial arts and Chinese calligraphy，are being held in our school，among which the traditional Chinese painting is my favourite．
2．就算你从世界上最好的学校毕业，这也是不够的，因为最重要的是你的技能。(what引导主语从句)
Even if you graduate from the best school in the world, it's not enough because what matters most is your skill.
3．虽然在学习上他对我们要求很严格，但他也确实关心我们的生活。(while引导的让步状语从句)
While he is so strict with us in our study, he does care about our lives.
among which the traditional Chinese painting is my favourite
what
matters most
While he is so strict with us in our study,
课时作业33
第
分
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Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2025·东北三省精准教学联考)
I took a trip to visit New York with my dad after graduating from high school. One of the places on his list for us to visit was a “rare violin shop”. We made our way down the crowded streets and stopped in front of a tall building.
This building was not what I had pictured. I'd been imagining a street level shop, open to the public, with some interesting and older violins on display. As we walked inside, we were greeted by a receptionist who asked if we had an appointment, since they were by appointment only. I wanted the ground to swallow me whole and decided to give up the visit. However, my dad eagerly told her, “No, we didn't but, my daughter plays the violin with her high school orchestra. And we would love to just pop inside and browse! Don't mind us！”
The receptionist gave him an odd look but excused herself to talk to a well dressed man, who told us that since he had no other appointments right now, he would love to give us a tour.
The starting price for a violin here, we found out, was 10 thousand dollars. He showed us around a very private feeling and swanky looking condo (奢华的工作间), pointing out a room where he casually mentioned he would chat with Joshua Bell when he came by. My jaw was on the floor the entire time.
At the end, the man picked up a Stradivarius and asked me to play a string while he held it. And he triumphantly said, “There! Now you've played a Stradivarius.”
I don't remember the man's name, but meeting him is a real stroke of luck for me and I'm grateful that he decided to show a no appointment, non customer visitor around. His warm behavior helped inspire me to continue pursuing my instrument after high school!
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者高中毕业后和父亲一起去纽约旅行，参观了一家“稀有小提琴店”的经历。
1．What kind of violin shop had the author expected to visit？( )
A．Tall and magnificent.
B．Mysterious and odd.
C．Popular and fascinating.
D．High end and professional.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“I'd been imagining a street level shop, open to the public, with some interesting and older violins on display.”可推知，作者原本期待参观的是一家向公众开放、有趣且古老的小提琴店铺，它应该是受欢迎且迷人的。故选C项。
C
2．How did the author feel after being greeted by a receptionist？( )
A．Proud. B．Embarrassed.
C．Guilty. D．Depressed.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“I wanted the ground to swallow me whole and decided to give up the visit.”可推知，在被接待员接待后，作者感到很尴尬，甚至想要放弃参观。故选B项。
B
3．According to paragraph 4, what might Joshua Bell be？( )
A．A receptionist. B．A celebrity.
C．A salesman. D．A shopkeeper.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“He showed us around a very private feeling and swanky looking condo…when he came by. My jaw was on the floor the entire time.”可知，他能和Joshua Bell聊天让作者感到震惊，由此推知Joshua Bell很可能是一个名人。故选B项。
B
4．What can be concluded from the passage？( )
A．The shop overprices its customers.
B．Stradivarius is a mass market brand.
C．The author enjoys her visit to the shop.
D．The well dressed man is a great violinist.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“but meeting him is a real stroke of luck for me and I'm grateful that he decided to show a no appointment…after high school”可知，作者认为能遇到那位男士是幸运的，说明她很享受这次参观店铺的经历。故选C项。
C
(2025·浙江杭州二中高三开学摸底)
Lord Norman Foster, renowned as one of the world's foremost architects, has devoted decades to redefining the concept of tall buildings. “What we've done is create a sense of identity drawn from real needs，” Foster said. “It's not a fashionable idea, but generated from the realities we were in.” His masterpiece includes iconic structures such as the HSBC building in Hong Kong. Now, he's set his sights on Qatar.
Currently nearing completion and set to reach a height of 301 meters, Foster's Lusail Towers are ready to claim the title of Qatar's tallest buildings. Lusail Towers are intended to serve as a center for Qatar's financial institutions, with four distinctive blocks, two standing at 70 stories and two at 50 stories.
But the construction itself wasn't all plain sailing. To address the unique challenges presented by Qatar's hot climate, Foster's team had to depart from the materials commonly used in skyscrapers in cooler countries—part of what Foster called a decades long quest to “reinvent the tall building”. The design combines advanced shading with ventilation (通风), while the towers' surfaces are coated with “marine grade” aluminum (铝) that wraps around the buildings, protecting the glass from strong sunlight while maintaining the views and still letting in natural light. Central to the project are special shading fins (鳍), which not only optimize views and natural lighting for occupants but reduce solar radiation by 70% compared to traditional all glass towers.
While the towers are ready to become a recognizable landmark for Lusail, Foster believes that a city's skyline reflects what lies beneath the surface. It was crucial to integrate the towers into a “low scale master plan”. They are strategically positioned on top of a subway line and at the end of a commercial avenue linking the waterfront to the nearby football stadium. According to Foster, the ground features of the plaza will play a significant role in the objective of transforming the area into a lively public space for the future.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建筑师Lord Norman Foster和他设计的卡塔尔Lusail Towers的背景和特点。
5．According to Foster's concept, what should tall buildings be like？( )
A．Creative. B．Identical.
C．Fashionable. D．Practical.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘What we've done is create a sense of identity drawn from real needs，’Foster said. ‘It's not a fashionable idea, but generated from the realities we were in.’”可知，根据Foster的理解，高层建筑应该是实用的。故选D。
D
6．What can we learn about the Lusail Towers？( )
A．They will function as a global financial center.
B.They are expected to be Qatar's tallest building.
C.They are Foster's most renowned iconic masterpiece.
D．They have four blocks with the same style and height.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Currently nearing completion and set to reach a height of 301 meters, Foster's Lusail Towers are ready to claim the title of Qatar's tallest buildings.”可知，Lusail Towers有望成为卡塔尔最高的建筑。故选B。
B
7．What was the solution to the challenges caused by Qatar's hot climate？( )
A．Replacing the glass with “marine grade” aluminum.
B．Coating the tower with an unconventional material.
C．Reducing the views and natural lighting with shading fins.
D．Protecting the glass from natural light and solar radiation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The design combines advanced shading with ventilation (通风), while the towers' surfaces are coated with ‘marine grade’ aluminum (铝) that wraps around the buildings, protecting the glass from strong sunlight while maintaining the views and still letting in natural light.”可知，给塔涂上一层非常规材料可以解决卡塔尔炎热气候带来的挑战。故选B。
B
8．What's the goal of “low scale master plan”？( )
A．To link the waterfront to the football stadium.
B．To create a remarkable plaza for the citizens.
C．To offer a dynamic public space for the future.
D．To connect a subway and a commercial avenue.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“According to Foster, the ground features of the plaza will play a significant role in the objective of transforming the area into a lively public space for the future.”可知，小规模总体规划的目标是为未来提供一个充满活力的公共空间。故选C。
C
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·广东八校高三联考)
Native Shanghainese Shi Yue, a junior art director at McCann Worldgroup Italy who has been living in Milan for 10 years, is always amazed by the similarities1 (share) between her hometown and the Italian city she currently stays.
Open, inclusive, developed, international, and trendy…These are the words that she used 2 (describe) the two cities, both of which serve 3 global hubs for many industries, in particular, fashion and design.
“The two cities are alike，” Shi exclaimed. Her4 (observe) is echoed(附和) by two Italians now living in Shanghai: Gabriele Fezia, an Italian artist and curator, and Aldo Cibie, an Italian architect and designer.
文章总览
“Everybody agrees that Milan and Shanghai have5 special connection and there are many similarities—especially in the way 6 society and people act and think，” said Fezia, who comes from Alessandria near Milan and 7 (move) to Shanghai in 2000.
Since 1979, Shanghai and Milan 8 (be) the first pair of sister cities between China and Italy. The friendship has been 9 (particular) enhanced through joint efforts such as hosting the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai and the 2015 World Expo in Milan, facilitated by cooperative 10 (agreement) between their organizing committees.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了上海和米兰这两个城市在多个方面的相似之处，以及它们之间的友好关系和合作。
文章总览
Native Shanghainese Shi Yue, a junior art director at McCann Worldgroup Italy who has been living in Milan for 10 years, is always amazed by the similarities1 (share) between her hometown and the Italian city she currently stays.
1．shared
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在米兰生活了10年的上海本地人施悦是意大利麦肯世界集团的初级艺术总监，她总是对家乡和目前居住的意大利城市之间的相似之处感到惊讶。similarities 与share之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词作后置定语，故填shared。
答案分析
shared
Open, inclusive, developed, international, and trendy…These are the words that she used 2 (describe) the two cities, both of which serve 3 global hubs for many industries, in particular, fashion and design.
2．to describe
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：开放、包容、发达、国际化、时尚……这些是她用来形容这两个城市的词汇。use sth.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“用某物做某事”，故填to describe。
答案分析
to describe
Open, inclusive, developed, international, and trendy…These are the words that she used 2 (describe) the two cities, both of which serve 3 global hubs for many industries, in particular, fashion and design.
3．as
解析：考查介词。句意：这两个城市都是全球许多行业的中心，特别是时尚和设计行业。serve as为固定短语，意为“充当，作为”，故填as。
答案分析
as
“The two cities are alike，” Shi exclaimed. Her4 (observe) is echoed(附和) by two Italians now living in Shanghai: Gabriele Fezia, an Italian artist and curator, and Aldo Cibie, an Italian architect and designer.
4．observation
解析：考查名词。句意：她的观察得到了两位现居上海的意大利人的附和。her是形容词性物主代词，其后应接名词，observe的名词形式是observation，故填observation。
答案分析
observation
“Everybody agrees that Milan and Shanghai have5 special connection and there are many similarities—especially in the way 6 society and people act and think，” said Fezia, who comes from Alessandria near Milan and 7 (move) to Shanghai in 2000.
5．a
解析：考查冠词。句意：每个人都认为米兰和上海有着特殊的联系。此处泛指“一种特殊的联系”，special是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
答案分析
a
“Everybody agrees that Milan and Shanghai have5 special connection and there are many similarities—especially in the way 6 society and people act and think，” said Fezia, who comes from Alessandria near Milan and 7 (move) to Shanghai in 2000.
6．that
解析：考查定语从句。句意：尤其是在社会和人们的行为和思考方式上。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the way，在定语从句中作方式状语，关系词用that或in which，空格处只能填一词，故填that。
答案分析
that
“Everybody agrees that Milan and Shanghai have5 special connection and there are many similarities—especially in the way 6 society and people act and think，” said Fezia, who comes from Alessandria near Milan and 7 (move) to Shanghai in 2000.
7．moved
解析：考查动词时态。句意：来自米兰附近亚历山德里亚的Fezia于2000年搬到上海。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2000可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作，故填moved。
答案分析
moved
Since 1979, Shanghai and Milan 8 (be) the first pair of sister cities between China and Italy. The friendship has been 9 (particular) enhanced through joint efforts such as hosting the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai and the 2015 World Expo in Milan, facilitated by cooperative 10 (agreement) between their organizing committees.
8．have been
解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自 1979 年以来，上海和米兰一直是中意两国的第一对友好城市。根据时间状语 Since 1979 可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语是Shanghai and Milan，助动词应用have，故填have been。
答案分析
have been
Since 1979, Shanghai and Milan 8 (be) the first pair of sister cities between China and Italy. The friendship has been 9 (particular) enhanced through joint efforts such as hosting the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai and the 2015 World Expo in Milan, facilitated by cooperative 10 (agreement) between their organizing committees.
9．particularly
解析：考查副词。句意：这种友谊尤其通过双方的共同努力得到了加强。enhanced是动词，应用副词修饰，particular的副词形式是particularly，故填particularly。
答案分析
particularly
Since 1979, Shanghai and Milan 8 (be) the first pair of sister cities between China and Italy. The friendship has been 9 (particular) enhanced through joint efforts such as hosting the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai and the 2015 World Expo in Milan, facilitated by cooperative 10 (agreement) between their organizing committees.
10．agreements
解析：考查名词复数。句意：比如通过上海和米兰的组委会之间的合作协议，成功举办了2010年上海世博会和2015年米兰世博会。agreement 是可数名词，作宾语，因此处为泛指，应用复数形式，故填agreements。
答案分析
agreements
