选择性必修第四册 UNIT 4 SHARING
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
uniform；relay；resign；privilege；house；disabled
The other day, I went to a distant secondary school to be a volunteer.A teacher with 1.disability welcomed me and gave me a handshake．With a smile on his wrinkled face, he showed me around the school, telling me in the past they used dusty clay huts as classrooms and that they had no washrooms. His students couldn't afford cotton 2.uniforms, not to mention tablets and other modern devices that we take for granted. They couldn't do experiments because they had no rubbers or tubes．The 3.housing there was quite simple. The teacher's only possessions were saucers, fireplaces, kettles, pans, jars and grills. As a result, many young teachers 4.resigned. But lately, everything has changed.The campus is clean without weeds growing around and many college students are contracted to the school at the consultations, promising to work here after graduation.The disabled teacher felt 5.privileged to be a teacher here.I was moved by him and wanted to 6.relay it to people that we should do our best to help these students. I pray that more and more people will get involved in volunteering.
提示：加底纹词汇为本单元复现词汇
1 shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分(→shaded adj.有阴影的；颜色较深的；加深的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①He presented an amazing speech on stage, which put all the others in the shade.
②(2024·新课标卷读后续写)I told him my embarrassment, a shade of apology in my voice.
③Under the shaded (shade) light her expression was difficult to read.
[能力提升]——微写作
④在公园里玩了几个小时后，学生们聚集在树荫下。
After playing in the park for a few hours, the pupils gathered under the shade of trees．(活动介绍)
(1)shade…from/against
给……遮挡(光或热)
(2)a shade of regret/disappointment
有点遗憾/失望
under/in the shade of…
在……的阴凉下/遮蔽下
put sb./sth.in the shade
使某人/某事物黯然失色
[语料积累] Tom put his hands over his eyes to shade them from the bright sun.(动作描写)
汤姆把手遮在眼睛上，使其免受阳光直射。
2 drag vt.拖；拽；拉；扯vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①After two hours of climbing, I had no strength to drag myself (I) along.
②The chemist with a wrinkled face dragged the dusty parcel from under the bed and unfolded it.
③My parents dragged me into the stupid movie.I was seized by boredom.
[能力提升]——微写作
④当我走近他们时，我注意到他们两个拖着脚笨拙地向前跑着，鞋子都湿了。
As I approached them, I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet.(动作、情景描写)
drag oneself along 拖着沉重的步子走
drag…from… 从……中拖出……
drag one's feet/heels 拖着脚走；做事拖拉，迟缓误事
drag sb.into (doing) sth. 把某人拖入到(做)某事中
[名师指津] 读后续写之手部肢体动作：
drag/draw/pull拉；
slide one's hands into… 将手伸进……；
put one's hands to one's cheeks/bury one's face with one's hands双手掩面；
spread one's hands摊开双手
3 privilege n．特权；优惠待遇 v．给予特权；特别优待(→privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①It's such a privilege to be a part of these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.
②I take it for granted that I have the privilege to enter (enter) the lab at my will.
③The data is privileged (privilege) information, not to be shared with the general public.
[能力提升]——一句多译
④被邀请到这里来给你们做讲座是我莫大的荣幸，你们会发现这对提高你们的沟通技巧很有帮助。
→It is a great privilege for me to be invited here to give you the lecture, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills.(privilege n．)
→I am greatly privileged to be invited here to give you the lecture, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills.(privileged adj.)
(1)It is a privilege to do sth. 做某事是一种殊荣
have the privilege to do/of doing sth.
有特权做某事
(2)be privileged to do sth. 有幸做某事
[语料积累] ①have the privilege to deliver a speech(演讲稿)
很荣幸做演讲
②be privileged to be included in such an organized and loving team
有幸被纳入这样一个有组织、有爱心的团队
③Here I felt greatly privileged to introduce my favorite one—the Dragon Boat Festival to you.(告知信)
在这里，我很荣幸地向你介绍我最喜欢的节日——端午节。
[名师指津] privilege作“荣幸；荣耀；光荣 ”讲时相当于 honour。
4 resign vt.& vi.辞职；辞去
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①When Joan's father explained that he couldn't afford to buy her a new bicycle, she finally resigned herself to riding (ride) the old one.
②Dr Rowan, whose secretary resigned (resign)two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
[能力提升]——微写作
③我计划在下个月辞去目前的工作，其主要原因是我将和我的家人一起搬到青岛，并将在那里长期居住。
I plan to resign my present job next month.The main reason is that I will move to Qingdao to live permanently with my family.(告知信)
resign one's post/position 辞去职务
resign from… 从……辞职
resign as… 辞去作为……的职务
resign sb. to… 把某人委托给……
resign oneself to (doing) sth.
听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
[语料积累] ①resign from the company
从公司辞职
②resign my position as manager
辞去经理的工作
③resign her son to the care of a babysitter
把她的儿子托付给保姆照顾
5 deserve vt.值得；应得；应受(→deserved adj. 应得的；理所当然的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①When the plot was disclosed, they got the deserved (deserve) punishment.
②The team deserved to win (win) the championship because they played much better than any of the other teams.
③All teachers deserve recognizing/to be recognized (recognize) for the contributions they make in our classrooms and in our country.
[能力提升]——微写作
④鉴于上述优势，我强烈向您推荐我们的俱乐部，您的加入值得我们期待。
With the advantages mentioned above, I strongly recommend our club to you and your participation deserves our expectation．(推荐信)
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve doing/to be done
(某事)值得被做；应该被做
deserve it 值得拥有；(口语)活该；自作自受
[语料积累] ①Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.
每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。
②He is a responsible chemist, and he deserves respect/respecting/to be respected．(人物介绍)
他是一个有责任感的化学家，值得被人尊敬。
[名师指津] deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动词－ing形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need、require、want等。
6 句型公式：since引导原因状语从句
(教材原句)There is no equipment，and since there isn't even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin!
这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①What upsets me is that I have not found a suitable job since I resigned．
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown (grow)from 30 to over 700.
[能力提升]——微写作
③我相信这个节日一定会让你更好地了解中国传统文化，因为你一直对它很感兴趣。
I'm confident that this festival will surely enable you to gain a better insight into traditional Chinese culture since you always have a keen interest in it．,
(1)since用作连词，可引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，既然”，侧重大家已知的事实；也可引导时间状语从句，意为“自从……以来”，主句谓语动词为延续性动词且多用现在完成时，根据情况也会使用完成进行时。
(2)since作介词，意为“从……以来；自……以后”，后接名词或代词。
[语料积累] ①I've matured a lot since then.(主旨升华)
从那以后我成熟了很多。
②Since I have much teaching experience，I can be fit for the job.(申请信)
由于我有许多教学经验，我可以胜任这项工作。
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．Birds sing in chorus every morning in the mountain forest.
2．At that time, she had no concept of the cultural differences between her country and mine.
3．It is customary to paste spring couplets and paper－cuttings to pray for good luck.
4．This art festival provides a platform for talented people to participate in some interesting performances.
5．(2024·北京卷)Now that we are in the information age, we have new concepts such as the computer, information processing, virtual reality, and simulation.
1．in chorus 一齐，一致，共同；异口同声
2．adapt to 适应
3．pray for 企盼；祈望
4．participate in 参加，参与
5．now that 既然，由于
6．have no concept of
没有……的概念
7．be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——否定前缀dis
否定前缀dis 表示“非，不，无”等。例如本单元中的单词：disability(n. 缺陷；障碍)是由前缀dis ＋名词ability(能力；才能)转化而来。常见的该类单词有：advantage→disadvantage; comfort→discomfort; order→disorder; like→dislike; agree→disagree; appear→disappear; obey→disobey；approve→disapprove。
[语境猜词]
1．One disadvantage of living in a big city is the high cost of living, which can be challenging for many people. n. 缺点；不利因素
2．She felt discomfort in her stomach after eating too much spicy food at dinner. n. 不适
3．The room was in such disorder after the party that it took hours to clean up. n. 混乱
4．Even though they disagree on some topics, they still respect each other's views. v. 持不同意见
5．Her parents disapprove of her decision to drop out of college and pursue a career in music. v. 不赞成
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．shade
A.n.灯罩 B．n.色调 C．v.遮蔽(使不受阳光伤害) D．n.阴凉处 E．n.差别；不同
(1)The word has many shades of meaning in this dictionary.E
(2)The shade on the lamp was slightly crooked.A
(3)Besides，water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade．D
(4)In the mornings the sky appeared a heavy shade of gray.B
(5)His courtyard, surrounded by tall, ancient trees, was shaded by their leafy branches.C
2．contract
A.v.感染，患(病) B．v.收缩；缩小；(使)缩短 C．n.合同 D．v.(与……)订立合同；(与……)订契约
(1)Neither side can draw back from the agreement once the contract is signed.C
(2)Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department.D
(3)(译林版选必二U3)It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.A
(4)As is known to all, metals contract in cold weather.B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning.v. 追问；盘问
[点拨]grill(熟义) v．烧烤，烤制。此处意为“追问；盘问”。
2．It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person.v. 使伤残；使丧失能力
[点拨]disable(熟义) v．使无效。此处意为“使伤残；使丧失能力”。
3．There's a loose part that keeps jamming the mechanism.v. (使)卡住
[点拨]jam(熟义) n．果酱；堵塞。此处用作动词，意为“(使)卡住”。
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(复习短语)
1．He spent his weekends digging out dusty (dust) old books in the library.
2．Riding bicycles can ease traffic jams, thus saving time not only for ourselves but for others.
3．When waiting for the apples to ripen (ripe), I logged the weather changes in the area.
4．After resigning from the company, the man took some books to the post office and mailed them to his friend.
5．Your shirt is wrinkled (wrinkle), and you ought to have it cleaned and pressed.
6．Being back with their family should provide emotional stability (stable) for the children.
7．The typist has spent the whole morning inputting (input) data into the computer.
8．The decision was taken after close consultation (consult) with local residents.
9．What we are discussing should be relevant to the subject, but not the opposite.
10．The housing (house) problem has always been the focus of public interest.
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．多亏你的及时帮助和指导，我们只用了预计时间的一半就完成了这项任务。(It takes sb. some time to do sth.)
Thanks to your timely help and guidance, it took us only half of the estimated time to finish the task．(感谢信)
2．我正在公园里散步，这时一件不寻常的事引起了我的注意。(be doing…when…)
I was taking a walk in the park when something unusual caught my attention．
3．我站在塔顶，从那儿我看到了这个城市的全景。(from where)
I stood at the top of the tower, from where I had a good view of the whole city．(活动介绍)
4．(2024·新课标卷应用文写作)因为我们之前没有上过这一类的美术课，所以我们感到非常兴奋。(since)
Since we hadn't had this kind of art class before, we felt extremely excited．(告知信)
5．(2024·北京卷书面表达)You can not only talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, but also highlight projects like the Belt and Road Initiative.(建议信)
→Not only can you talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, but also highlight projects like the Belt and Road Initiative．(用not only放句首的部分倒装结构升级)
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假设你是李华，上周末去学校旁边的某社区参加了一次志愿者活动。请你跟大家分享你的志愿者经历与感受。要点包括： 1．本次活动的概况； 2．你的感悟与收获。
1．It is a privilege for me (对我来说很荣幸)to share my experience working as a volunteer in the community near our school.
2．Dressed in our high school uniforms (穿上我们的高中校服), we went to a community near our school to participate in this volunteer work.When we got there in the morning, we were welcomed with 3.a chorus of warm greetings (异口同声的热烈欢迎)．We firstly went to the community nursing home; 4.not only did we give them a lot of hand－made gifts (我们不仅给了他们很多手工制作的礼物；not only 位于句首引起倒装), but we also delivered many amazing performances.Some of us helped the elderly and disabled with some general cleaning, including wiping dust off furniture.Others joined the locals in pulling weeds and cleaning up the neighborhood.
From this activity, I am aware that doing voluntary work could 5.really make a great difference (真的会产生很大影响)．
维度二 读后续写微技能35——巧用修辞(二)：暗喻与夸张
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
暗喻表示把某事物说成和它有相似关系的另一种事物，不用like，as...as等比喻词汇；夸张是以言过其实的说法突出事物的特征，它可以加强语气，增强表达效果。
1.drive winter from the human face 驱走人们脸上的寒意 2．wolf down 狼吞虎咽 3．an unexplored river 一条未被涉足的河流 4．a treasure chest of knowledge 一个装满知识的宝库 5．race...an hour 时速达到了…… 6．feel like 感觉像是 7．be about to explode 都要炸了 8．be made from stone 是石头做的 9．a lump in one's throat 喉咙哽住 10．melt cars parked below 把停在下面的汽车都融化了
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．暗喻
①小男孩狼吞虎咽地吃下食物。
The little boy wolfed down the food．
②生活是一条未被涉足的河流，充满各种曲折。
Life is an unexplored river, full of twists and turns．
③笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。
Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. (人教版选必一U4)
2．夸张
①我饿得可以吃下一匹马。
I'm so hungry that I could eat a horse．
②感觉我的头大了一倍。
It felt like my brain had doubled in size.
③我的整个世界全塌了。
My whole world shattered into a million pieces．
任务2 语段表达
Our teacher told us a story that a husband jumped onto the lifeboat himself, leaving his wife standing on the sinking ship, and we were so angry that 1.our lungs were about to explode(我们的肺都要炸了)．We felt that 2.his heart was made from stone(他的心是石头做的)．Our teacher leant against the blackboard，adding that the husband rushed to the only chance of survival to raise their only daughter because his wife was diagnosed with advanced cancer. 3.We felt a lump in our throats (我们感到喉咙哽住)，tears clouding our eyes. We were aware that only when we put ourselves in others' shoes can we really understand their behavior.
————基础默测—————
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．jam n. 果酱；堵塞
2．clay n. 黏土；陶土
3．tablet n. 平板电脑；便笺本；药片
4．bubble vi. 起泡；沸腾
5．tube n. 管子；管状物
6．circus n. 马戏团
7．jaw n. 颌；下巴
8．fireplace n. 壁炉
9．kettle n. (烧水用的)壶；水壶
10．pan n. 平底锅；烤盘
11．grill n. 烤架；烤肉餐馆
12．doorway n. 门口；出入口；门道
13．handshake n. 握手
14．criterion n. (pl. criteria) 标准；准则；原则
15．circuit n. 巡回；环形线路
二、核心单词写得准
1．parcel n. 包裹 vt. 裹好；打包
2．secondary adj. 中学的；次要的
3．uniform n. 校服；制服 adj. 一致的；统一的
4．shade vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
5．wrinkle vt. & vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n. 皱纹
6．platform n. 平台；站台；舞台
7．drag vt. 拖；拽 vt. & vi. 缓慢而费力地移动
8．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权
9．resign vi. & vt. 辞职；辞去
10．lately adv. 最近；不久前；近来
11．input n. 情况；信息；投入；输入 vt. 输入
12．grant vt. 同意；准许 n. 拨款
13．relay vt. 转发；转播 n. 接力赛；接班的人
14．tune n. 曲调；曲子 vt. 调音；调节；调频道
三、拓展单词通变化
1．dust n. 沙土；灰尘 vi. & vt. 擦灰→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
2．chemist n. 化学家；药剂师；药房→chemical adj. 化学的→chemistry n. 化学
3．ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v. (使)成熟→ripeness n. 成熟
4．disable vt. 使失去能力；使伤残；使无效→disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷；障碍
5．deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受→deserving adj. 值得的；应得的
6．consult v. 咨询；请教；商议→consultation n. 咨询；咨询会→consultant n. 顾问；咨询者；会诊医师
四、重点词块明搭配
1．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
2．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
3．take(…)for granted 认为(……)是理所当然；对(……)不予重视
4．relay to 转达给……；转发给……
5．pray that 但愿
6．have no concept of doing experiments 没有做实验的概念
7．make my first visit to a remote village 我第一次拜访一个偏远的村庄
8．walk for two and a half hours 步行两个半小时
9．in nearly every corner of the world 几乎在世界的每一个角落
10．work as a volunteer consultant 当一位志愿顾问
五、教材佳句会运用
1．沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我只花了几分钟就走到了学校。(it takes/took sb.sth.to do sth.)
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.
2．这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！(since引导原因状语从句)
There is no equipment，and since there isn't even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin!
3．我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。(from where引导定语从句)
Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first，up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below.
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He found it uncomfortable to work in this company, so he resigned (辞职) from his position.
2．Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms (站台)．
3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Every time you make coffee, dry the leftover (剩下的) coffee grounds and keep them in small bowls, then place the bowls in the kitchen.
4．Neither rain nor snow can stop postmen from delivering letters and parcels (包裹)．
5．Many young people were deeply affected by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled (有残疾的)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When charging your phone, you are not supposed to keep it plugged (plug) in when it's fully charged.
2．We are doing everything possible to ship your order but the contracted (contract) date has now become unrealistic.
3．Be willing to listen to others without inputting (input) anything on your end because all it takes is a disapproving look to start a conflict.
4．(2023·浙江1月卷)Oh, the road is jammed (jam) with traffic again. We are going to be late for work.
5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
Ⅲ.选词填空
a chorus of；the other day；dry up；relay to；not to mention
1．The river dried up in the late summer, so we could walk across it easily.
2. When I walked in, my lovely students showered me with a chorus of greetings.
3．The other day, a cross country race was held with the purpose of helping us build up our strength.
4．But we are trying to relay to you now energetically why this has been so significant.
5．Pollution does harm to the health of everyone living in the city, not to mention the damage to the environment.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．(2024·新课标卷应用文写作)我花了几个小时才完成这幅画，我觉得很满意。(it takes/took sb.sth.to do sth.)
It took me several hours to complete the painting，which I thought was satisfying.
2．昨夜，正当我熟睡时，我被一阵阵敲门声吵醒了。(be doing…when…)
I was sleeping soundly last night when I was awakened by a series of knocks on the door.
3．艾丽丝站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以观看同学们踢足球。(from where)
Alice stood at the window，from where she could watch her classmates playing football．
4．这个骄傲的年轻人似乎理所当然地认为他应该作为一个代表发言。(take…for granted)
The proud young man seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative.
课时作业35
(总分：32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2024·山东潍坊高三模拟)
Kelli Boehle says her son Nik was an amazing and caring person. Nik was diagnosed with cancer in 2008 when he was 17.He passed away in 2012.But Nik's kindness and generosity have lived on long after his death.
After he was diagnosed and started treatment, Nik was granted (给予) a wish experience from the Make A Wish Foundation. “For just this period of time, we didn't think about cancer, ”Kelli Boehle said. “All we thought about was enjoying our time together.”
In 2009, Nik met another young man Nate, who was also going through cancer treatment. He'd been diagnosed a month after turning 18, and Nik learned he was too old to qualify for a wish. The night before Nik passed away, he asked his mother to help ensure that young adults fighting cancer could have their wishes come true too.
“It was like a seed he planted that just wouldn't stop coming into my mind，” she said. In 2012, Kelli Boehle started Nik's Wish. The nonprofit grants wishes to young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 who are battling cancer. Nate was the organization's first wish recipient. “It's meant to bring them joy and let them know that they're loved and that we're fighting for them, too，”Kelli Boehle said.
Recently, 19 year old Jordan Morrow received her wish to attend a Taylor Swift concert as part of a trip to Los Angeles. For Morrow, who has spent the last year battling brain cancer, going to the concert has done more than lift her spirits. “I think it's something to get me through whatever comes my way, ”she said. “And I'm thankful for Nik's Wish for that.”
In the 11 years since Nik passed away, the organization has granted more than 300 wishes across more than 30 states. In the beginning, Kelli Boehle says she wasn't sure she could be a wish maker and work closely with the young adults. But now, it's her favorite thing to do.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kelli Boehle创办非营利组织Nik's Wish，帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人实现愿望的故事。
1．What is the goal of Nik's Wish？( D )
A．To make commercial profits.
B．To cure the youth of their cancer.
C．To ease young patients of pains.
D．To support young adults fighting cancer.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“In 2012, Kelli Boehle started Nik's Wish. The nonprofit grants wishes to young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 who are battling cancer.”可知，这个组织的目标是帮助对抗癌症的年轻人。故选D项。
2．Which word best describes Kelli Boehle？( B )
A．Intelligent. B．Selfless.
C．Straightforward. D．Ambitious.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段提到Nik去世的前一晚，他请求母亲帮助确保那些与癌症作斗争的年轻人也能实现他们的愿望。再结合下文可知，Kelli Boehle创办了非营利组织，帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人，由此可推知，她是无私的。故选B项。
3．What can we learn from Jordan Morrow's words？( C )
A．She survived the deadly disease.
B．She was granted more than one wish.
C．She was motivated by the organization.
D．She lifted people's spirits by performing.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“‘I think it's something to get me through whatever comes my way, ’she said. ‘And I'm thankful for Nik's Wish for that.’”可推知，Jordan Morrow受到了组织的激励。故选C项。
4．What is the best title for the text？( C )
A．Pay It Forward: A Mother's Last Wish
B．Cancer Battles: Stories of Hope and Perseverance
C．Nik's Wish: Fulfilling Wishes for Young Cancer Fighters
D．Make A Wish Foundation: Granting Dreams to Young Adults
解析：主旨大意题。文章讲述了Kelli Boehle创办了非营利组织Nik's Wish，帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人实现愿望的故事。由此可知，C项最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
(2025·八省联考)
Jane Jacobs spent her working life advancing a distinct vision of the city—in particular focusing on what makes a successful urban community.At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair, whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense (稠密) and exciting urban environments.She prefers disorder to order, walking to driving, and diversity to uniformity.
For Jacobs, urban communities are organic beings that should be left to grow and change by themselves and not be subject to the grand plans of so called experts and officials.The best judges of how a city should be—and how it should develop—are the local residents themselves.Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions, because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions.
Jacobs notes that the built form of a city is crucial to the life of an urban community, especially the sidewalks.The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks, which allow people to meet, talk, and get to know one another.Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better.
Diversity and mixed use of space are also, for Jacobs, key elements of this urban form.The commercial, business, and residential elements of a city should not be separated out but instead be side by side, to allow for greater integration of people.There should also be a diversity of old and new buildings, and people's interactions should determine how buildings get used and reused.
Finally, urban communities grow better in places where a critical mass of people live, work, and interact.Such high density spaces are, she feels, engines of creativity and vitality.They are also safe places to be, because the higher density means that there are more “eyes on the street”： shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Jane Jacobs对城市社区的设想，她认为城市社区应该是一个便于人们互相接触与交流、彼此了解的地方。
5．What does Jacobs find most important for a successful urban community？( B )
A.Efficient public transport.
B．Strong interaction between people.
C．Uniform style of buildings.
D．A comparatively large population.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair, whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense (稠密) and exciting urban environments.”可知，Jane Jacobs认为人们之间的互动是城市生活的核心，对于成功的城市社区是非常重要的。故选B。
6．Who does Jacobs think should make decisions on urban development？( A )
A．Local residents.
B．Government officials.
C．City planners.
D．Construction workers.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The best judges of how a city should be—and how it should develop—are the local residents themselves.”可知，Jane Jacobs认为城市应该如何发展应该由当地居民决定。故选A。
7．How does Jacobs suggest sidewalks be built？( C )
A．Lined with plants.
B．Painted with clear signs.
C．Tightly connected.
D．Convenient for the old.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks, which allow people to meet, talk, and get to know one another.”可知，Jane Jacobs建议人行道应该紧密相连，这样能让人们相遇、交谈和互相了解。故选C。
8．According to Jacobs, the “eyes on the street” bring a sense of ．( C )
A．pride B．comfort
C．security D．urgency
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They are also safe places to be, because the higher density means that there are more‘eyes on the street’：shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood.”可知，“eyes on the street”指的是店主和当地人对街区的密切关注，这会带来安全感。故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·辽宁抚顺高三模拟)
Jennifer Williams is a teacher from Virginia who loves reading.1(____) So she decided to give away 1 million books to people in her small town. By doing so, she's earned a nickname “book lady”．
Since Williams started this activity in 2017, she's given away more than 63，000 books, mostly to students. Williams had this idea after she noticed that the students she taught would ask her to keep the books they were reading together. And they would ask her to read more books to them. So, one summer, she made a goal to give away 300 books to the school where she has worked. 2(____)
But even after she met her goal, she didn't stop here. Williams started collecting donations and buying books out of her own pocket. Every year, she gives a book to each student at her local primary school.3(____) Standing across the street are 16 tiny libraries that Williams has kept. She also leaves books on picnic tables, but she doesn't usually leave a note.
4(____) Williams said her community has united to help her achieve her goal. She often returns home with boxes of donated books. Williams said that of the 63，000 books she's given away, 99% first sat on her living room floor.
As for Williams, she said she didn't plan to slow down anytime soon.5(____) “There are still lots of people who don't have books to read. I'm just trying to do something to help them，” she said.
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了弗吉尼亚州的一名热爱阅读的教师Jennifer Williams帮助其他人读书的故事。
1．F 解析：根据空前“Jennifer Williams is a teacher from Virginia who loves reading.”可知，Jennifer Williams是一个热爱读书的人。下文又指出她不仅自己爱读书还帮助其他人读书。F项“她想帮助喜欢阅读的人自由地享受阅读。”符合语境。故选F项。
2．E 解析：根据上文“So, one summer, she made a goal to give away 300 books to the school where she has worked.”可知，她设定目标捐很多的书，所以她需要寻求认识的人的帮助。E项“她询问她认识的人是否愿意捐赠(图书)给儿童。”符合语境。故选E项。
3．C 解析：根据上文“Every year, she gives a book to each student at her local primary school.”可知，她给别人捐书。再结合下文可知，她还以图书馆的形式把书捐给别人。C项“她还以其他方式把书送给别人。”符合语境。故选C项。
4．A 解析：根据下文“Williams said her community has united to help her achieve her goal.”可知，她得到了社区的支持。A项“她的社区也非常支持她。”符合语境。故选A项。
5．B 解析：根据上文“As for Williams, she said she didn't plan to slow down anytime soon.”可知，她决定要继续这个伟大的事业。B项“她的目标是继续做她现在正在做的事情。”符合语境。故选B项。(共81张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
UNIT 4 SHARING
RJ英语
选择性必修第四册
内容索引
词汇复现 语境串记
高效课堂 考点突破
多维演练 素养提升
第一部分
第二部分
第三部分
重难考点
拾遗考点
A
B
课时作业35
第五部分
基础默测
第四部分
默写达标
基础检测
A
B
词汇复现 语境串记
第
分
部
一
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
The other day, I went to a distant secondary school to be a volunteer.A teacher with 1.disability welcomed me and gave me a handshake．With a smile on his wrinkled face, he showed me around the school, telling me in the past they used dusty clay huts as classrooms and that they had no washrooms. His students couldn't afford cotton 2.uniforms, not to mention tablets and other modern devices that we take for granted. They couldn't do experiments because they had no rubbers or tubes．The 3.housing there was quite simple. The teacher's only possessions were saucers, fireplaces, kettles, pans, jars and grills. As a result, many young teachers 4.resigned. But lately, everything has changed.The campus is clean without weeds growing around and many college students are contracted to the school at the consultations, promising to work here after graduation.The disabled teacher felt 5.privileged to be a teacher here.I was moved by him and wanted to 6.relay it to people that we should do our best to help these students. I pray that more and more people will get involved in volunteering.
uniform；relay；resign；privilege；house；disabled
disability
uniforms,
housing
resigned
privileged
relay
高效课堂 考点突破
第
分
部
二
1 shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部
分(→shaded adj.有阴影的；颜色较深的；加深的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①He presented an amazing speech on stage, which put all the others in the shade.
②(2024·新课标卷读后续写)I told him my embarrassment, a shade of apology in my voice.
③Under the shaded (shade) light her expression was difficult to read.
重难考点
in
a
shaded
[能力提升]——微写作
④在公园里玩了几个小时后，学生们聚集在树荫下。
After playing in the park for a few hours, the pupils gathered under the shade of trees．(活动介绍)
under the shade of
trees
(1)shade…from/against 给……遮挡(光或热)
(2)a shade of regret/disappointment 有点遗憾/失望
under/in the shade of…在……的阴凉下/遮蔽下
put sb./sth.in the shade使某人/某事物黯然失色
[语料积累] Tom put his hands over his eyes to shade them from the bright sun.(动作描写)
汤姆把手遮在眼睛上，使其免受阳光直射。
2 drag vt.拖；拽；拉；扯vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①After two hours of climbing, I had no strength to drag myself (I) along.
②The chemist with a wrinkled face dragged the dusty parcel from under the bed and unfolded it.
③My parents dragged me into the stupid movie.I was seized by boredom.
[能力提升]——微写作
④当我走近他们时，我注意到他们两个拖着脚笨拙地向前跑着，鞋子都湿了。
As I approached them, I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet.(动作、情景描写)
myself
from
into
noticed the pair dragging their feet
drag oneself along 拖着沉重的步子走
drag…from… 从……中拖出……
drag one's feet/heels 拖着脚走；做事拖拉，迟缓误事
drag sb.into (doing) sth. 把某人拖入到(做)某事中
[名师指津] 读后续写之手部肢体动作：
drag/draw/pull拉；
slide one's hands into… 将手伸进……；
put one's hands to one's cheeks/bury one's face with one's hands双手掩面；
spread one's hands摊开双手
3 privilege n．特权；优惠待遇 v．给予特权；特别优待(→privileged adj. 有特
权的；受特别优待的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①It's such a privilege to be a part of these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.
②I take it for granted that I have the privilege to enter (enter) the lab at my will.
③The data is privileged (privilege) information, not to be shared with the general public.
a
to enter
privileged
[能力提升]——一句多译
④被邀请到这里来给你们做讲座是我莫大的荣幸，你们会发现这对提高你们的沟通技巧很有帮助。
→It is a great privilege for me to be invited here to give you the lecture, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills.(privilege n．)
→I am greatly privileged to be invited here to give you the lecture, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills.(privileged adj.)
It is a great privilege for me to be invited here
I am greatly privileged to be invited here
(1)It is a privilege to do sth. 做某事是一种殊荣
have the privilege to do/of doing sth. 有特权做某事
(2)be privileged to do sth. 有幸做某事
[语料积累] ①have the privilege to deliver a speech(演讲稿)
很荣幸做演讲
②be privileged to be included in such an organized and loving team
有幸被纳入这样一个有组织、有爱心的团队
③Here I felt greatly privileged to introduce my favorite one—the Dragon Boat Festival to you.(告知信)
在这里，我很荣幸地向你介绍我最喜欢的节日——端午节。
[名师指津] privilege作“荣幸；荣耀；光荣 ”讲时相当于 honour。
4 resign vt.& vi.辞职；辞去
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①When Joan's father explained that he couldn't afford to buy her a new bicycle, she finally resigned herself to riding (ride) the old one.
②Dr Rowan, whose secretary resigned (resign)two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
[能力提升]——微写作
③我计划在下个月辞去目前的工作，其主要原因是我将和我的家人一起搬到青岛，并将在那里长期居住。
I plan to resign my present job next month.The main reason is that I will move to Qingdao to live permanently with my family.(告知信)
riding
resigned
plan to resign my present job
resign one's post/position 辞去职务
resign from… 从……辞职
resign as… 辞去作为……的职务
resign sb. to… 把某人委托给……resign oneself to (doing) sth.
听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
[语料积累] ①resign from the company
从公司辞职
②resign my position as manager
辞去经理的工作
③resign her son to the care of a babysitter
把她的儿子托付给保姆照顾
5 deserve vt.值得；应得；应受(→deserved adj. 应得的；理所当然的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①When the plot was disclosed, they got the deserved (deserve) punishment.
②The team deserved to win (win) the championship because they played much better than any of the other teams.
③All teachers deserve recognizing/to be recognized (recognize) for the contributions they make in our classrooms and in our country.
[能力提升]——微写作
④鉴于上述优势，我强烈向您推荐我们的俱乐部，您的加入值得我们期待。
With the advantages mentioned above, I strongly recommend our club to you and your participation deserves our expectation．(推荐信)
deserved
to win
recognizing/to be recognized
your
participation deserves our expectation
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve doing/to be done
(某事)值得被做；应该被做
deserve it 值得拥有；(口语)活该；自作自受
[语料积累] ①Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.
每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。
②He is a responsible chemist, and he deserves respect/respecting/to be respected．(人物介绍)
他是一个有责任感的化学家，值得被人尊敬。
[名师指津] deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动词－ing形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need、require、want等。
6 句型公式：since引导原因状语从句
(教材原句)There is no equipment，and since there isn't even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin!
这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①What upsets me is that I have not found a suitable job since I resigned．
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown (grow)from 30 to over 700.
since
has grown
[能力提升]——微写作
③我相信这个节日一定会让你更好地了解中国传统文化，因为你一直对它很感兴趣。
I'm confident that this festival will surely enable you to gain a better insight into traditional Chinese culture since you always have a keen interest in it．
since you always have a keen interest in it
(1)since用作连词，可引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，既然”，侧重大家已知的事实；也可引导时间状语从句，意为“自从……以来”，主句谓语动词为延续性动词且多用现在完成时，根据情况也会使用完成进行时。
(2)since作介词，意为“从……以来；自……以后”，后接名词或代词。
[语料积累] ①I've matured a lot since then.(主旨升华)
从那以后我成熟了很多。
②Since I have much teaching experience，I can be fit for the job.(申请信)
由于我有许多教学经验，我可以胜任这项工作。
拾遗考点
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．Birds sing in chorus every morning in the mountain forest.
2．At that time, she had no concept of the cultural differences between her country and mine.
3．It is customary to paste spring couplets and paper－cuttings to pray for good luck.
4．This art festival provides a platform for talented people to participate in some interesting performances.
5．(2024·北京卷)Now that we are in the information age, we have new concepts such as the computer, information processing, virtual reality, and simulation.
in chorus
had no concept of
pray for
participate in
Now that
1．in chorus 一齐，一致，共同；异口同声
2．adapt to 适应
3．pray for 企盼；祈望
4．participate in 参加，参与
5．now that 既然，由于
6．have no concept of
没有……的概念
7．be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——否定前缀dis
否定前缀dis 表示“非，不，无”等。例如本单元中的单词：disability(n. 缺陷；障碍)是由前缀dis ＋名词ability(能力；才能)转化而来。常见的该类单词有：advantage→disadvantage; comfort→discomfort; order→disorder; like→dislike; agree→disagree; appear→disappear; obey→disobey；approve→disapprove。
[语境猜词]
1．One disadvantage of living in a big city is the high cost of living, which can be challenging for many people. n. 缺点；不利因素
2．She felt discomfort in her stomach after eating too much spicy food at dinner.
n. 不适
3．The room was in such disorder after the party that it took hours to clean up. n. 混乱
4．Even though they disagree on some topics, they still respect each other's views.
v. 持不同意见
5．Her parents disapprove of her decision to drop out of college and pursue a career in music. v. 不赞成
n. 缺点；不利因素
n. 不适
n. 混乱
v. 持不同意见
v. 不赞成
多维演练 素养提升
第
分
部
三
板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．shade
(1)The word has many shades of meaning in this dictionary.E
(2)The shade on the lamp was slightly crooked.A
(3)Besides，water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade．D
(4)In the mornings the sky appeared a heavy shade of gray.B
(5)His courtyard, surrounded by tall, ancient trees, was shaded by their leafy branches.C
A.n.灯罩 B．n.色调 C．v.遮蔽(使不受阳光伤害) D．n.阴凉处 E．n.差别；不同
E
A
D
B
C
2．contract
(1)Neither side can draw back from the agreement once the contract is signed.C
(2)Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department.D
(3)(译林版选必二U3)It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.A
(4)As is known to all, metals contract in cold weather.B
A.v.感染，患(病) B．v.收缩；缩小；(使)缩短 C．n.合同 D．v.(与……)订立合同；(与……)订契约
C
D
A
B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning.
v. 追问；盘问
[点拨]grill(熟义) v．烧烤，烤制。此处意为“追问；盘问”。
2．It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person.
v. 使伤残；使丧失能力
[点拨]disable(熟义) v．使无效。此处意为“使伤残；使丧失能力”。
3．There's a loose part that keeps jamming the mechanism.
v. (使)卡住
[点拨]jam(熟义) n．果酱；堵塞。此处用作动词，意为“(使)卡住”。
v. 追问；盘问
v. 使伤残；使丧失能力
v. (使)卡住
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(复习短语)
1．He spent his weekends digging out dusty (dust) old books in the library.
2．Riding bicycles can ease traffic jams, thus saving time not only for ourselves but for others.
3．When waiting for the apples to ripen (ripe), I logged the weather changes in the area.
4．After resigning from the company, the man took some books to the post office and mailed them to his friend.
5．Your shirt is wrinkled (wrinkle), and you ought to have it cleaned and pressed.
6．Being back with their family should provide emotional stability (stable) for the children.
7．The typist has spent the whole morning inputting (input) data into the computer.
dusty
but
ripen
from
wrinkled
stability
inputting
8．The decision was taken after close consultation (consult) with local residents.
9．What we are discussing should be relevant to the subject, but not the opposite.
10．The housing (house) problem has always been the focus of public interest.
consultation
to
housing
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．多亏你的及时帮助和指导，我们只用了预计时间的一半就完成了这项任务。(It takes sb. some time to do sth.)
Thanks to your timely help and guidance, it took us only half of the estimated time to finish the task．(感谢信)
2．我正在公园里散步，这时一件不寻常的事引起了我的注意。(be doing…when…)
I was taking a walk in the park when something unusual caught my attention．
3．我站在塔顶，从那儿我看到了这个城市的全景。(from where)
I stood at the top of the tower, from where I had a good view of the whole city．(活动介绍)
Thanks to your timely help and guidance, it took us only half of the estimated time to finish the task
I was taking a walk in the park when something unusual caught my attention
I stood at the top of the tower, from where I had a good view of the whole city
4．(2024·新课标卷应用文写作)因为我们之前没有上过这一类的美术课，所以我们感到非常兴奋。(since)
Since we hadn't had this kind of art class before, we felt extremely excited．(告知信)
5．(2024·北京卷书面表达)You can not only talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, but also highlight projects like the Belt and Road Initiative.(建议信)
→Not only can you talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, but also highlight projects like the Belt and Road Initiative．(用not only放句首的部分倒装结构升级)
Since we hadn't had this kind of art class before, we felt extremely excited
Not only can you talk about China's economic growth and technological advancements, but also highlight projects like the Belt and Road Initiative
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
假设你是李华，上周末去学校旁边的某社区参加了一次志愿者活动。请你跟大家分享你的志愿者经历与感受。要点包括：
1．本次活动的概况；
2．你的感悟与收获。
1．It is a privilege for me (对我来说很荣幸)to share my experience working as a volunteer in the community near our school.
2．Dressed in our high school uniforms (穿上我们的高中校服), we went to a community near our school to participate in this volunteer work.When we got there in the morning, we were welcomed with 3.a chorus of warm greetings (异口同声的热烈欢迎)．We firstly went to the community nursing home; 4.not only did we give them a lot of hand－made gifts (我们不仅给了他们很多手工制作的礼物；not only 位于句首引起倒装), but we also delivered many amazing performances.Some of us helped the elderly and disabled with some general cleaning, including wiping dust off furniture.Others joined the locals in pulling weeds and cleaning up the neighborhood.
From this activity, I am aware that doing voluntary work could 5.really make a great difference (真的会产生很大影响)．
It is a privilege for me
Dressed in our high school uniforms
a chorus of warm greetings
not only did we give them a lot of
hand－made gifts
really make a great
difference
维度二 读后续写微技能35——巧用修辞(二)：暗喻与夸张
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
暗喻表示把某事物说成和它有相似关系的另一种事物，不用like，as...as等比喻词汇；夸张是以言过其实的说法突出事物的特征，它可以加强语气，增强表达效果。
1.drive winter from the human face
驱走人们脸上的寒意
2．wolf down 狼吞虎咽
3．an unexplored river 一条未被涉足的河流
4．a treasure chest of knowledge 一个装满知识的宝库
5．race...an hour 时速达到了……
6．feel like 感觉像是
7．be about to explode 都要炸了
8．be made from stone 是石头做的
9．a lump in one's throat 喉咙哽住
10．melt cars parked below 把停在下面的汽车都融化了
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．暗喻
①小男孩狼吞虎咽地吃下食物。
The little boy wolfed down the food．
②生活是一条未被涉足的河流，充满各种曲折。
Life is an unexplored river, full of twists and turns．
③笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。
Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. (人教版选必一U4)
wolfed down the food
an unexplored river,
the sun that drives winter from the human face
2．夸张
①我饿得可以吃下一匹马。
I'm so hungry that I could eat a horse．
②感觉我的头大了一倍。
It felt like my brain had doubled in size.
③我的整个世界全塌了。
My whole world shattered into a million pieces．
eat a horse
had doubled in size
into a million pieces
任务2 语段表达
Our teacher told us a story that a husband jumped onto the lifeboat himself, leaving his wife standing on the sinking ship, and we were so angry that 1.our lungs were about to explode(我们的肺都要炸了)．We felt that 2.his heart was made from stone(他的心是石头做的)．Our teacher leant against the blackboard，adding that the husband rushed to the only chance of survival to raise their only daughter because his wife was diagnosed with advanced cancer. 3.We felt a lump in our throats (我们感到喉咙哽住)，tears clouding our eyes. We were aware that only when we put ourselves in others' shoes can we really understand their behavior.
our lungs were about to
explode
his heart was made from stone
We felt a lump in our throats
基础默测
第
分
部
四
默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．jam n. 果酱；堵塞
2．clay n. 黏土；陶土
3．tablet n. 平板电脑；便笺本；药片
4．bubble vi. 起泡；沸腾
5．tube n. 管子；管状物
6．circus n. 马戏团
7．jaw n. 颌；下巴
8．fireplace n. 壁炉
果酱；堵塞
黏土；陶土
平板电脑；便笺本；药片
起泡；沸腾
管子；管状物
马戏团
颌；下巴
壁炉
9．kettle n. (烧水用的)壶；水壶
10．pan n. 平底锅；烤盘
11．grill n. 烤架；烤肉餐馆
12．doorway n. 门口；出入口；门道
13．handshake n. 握手
14．criterion n. (pl. criteria) 标准；准则；原则
15．circuit n. 巡回；环形线路
(烧水用的)壶；水壶
平底锅；烤盘
烤架；烤肉餐馆
门口；出入口；门道
握手
标准；准则；原则
巡回；环形线路
二、核心单词写得准
1．parcel n. 包裹 vt. 裹好；打包
2．secondary adj. 中学的；次要的
3．uniform n. 校服；制服 adj. 一致的；统一的
4．shade vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
5．wrinkle vt. & vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n. 皱纹
6．platform n. 平台；站台；舞台
7．drag vt. 拖；拽 vt. & vi. 缓慢而费力地移动
8．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权
9．resign vi. & vt. 辞职；辞去
parcel
secondary
uniform
shade
wrinkle
platform
drag
privilege
resign
10．lately adv. 最近；不久前；近来
11．input n. 情况；信息；投入；输入 vt. 输入
12．grant vt. 同意；准许 n. 拨款
13．relay vt. 转发；转播 n. 接力赛；接班的人
14．tune n. 曲调；曲子 vt. 调音；调节；调频道
lately
input
grant
relay
tune
三、拓展单词通变化
1．dust n. 沙土；灰尘 vi. & vt. 擦灰→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
2．chemist n. 化学家；药剂师；药房→chemical adj. 化学的→chemistry n. 化学
3．ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v. (使)成熟→ripeness n. 成熟
4．disable vt. 使失去能力；使伤残；使无效→disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷；障碍
5．deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受→deserving adj. 值得的；应得的
6．consult v. 咨询；请教；商议→consultation n. 咨询；咨询会→consultant n. 顾问；咨询者；会诊医师
dust
dusty
chemist
chemical
chemistry
ripe
ripen
ripeness
disable
disabled
disability
deserve
deserving
consult
consultation
consultant
四、重点词块明搭配
1．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
2．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
3．take(…)for granted 认为(……)是理所当然；对(……)不予重视
4．relay to 转达给……；转发给……
5．pray that 但愿
6．have no concept of doing experiments 没有做实验的概念
7．make my first visit to a remote village 我第一次拜访一个偏远的村庄
8．walk for two and a half hours 步行两个半小时
9．in nearly every corner of the world 几乎在世界的每一个角落
10．work as a volunteer consultant 当一位志愿顾问
a chorus of
not to mention
take(…)for granted
relay to
pray that
没有做实验的概念
我第一次拜访一个偏远的村庄
步行两个半小时
几乎在世界的每一个角落
当一位志愿顾问
五、教材佳句会运用
1．沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我只花了几分钟就走到了学校。(it takes/took sb.sth.to do sth.)
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.
2．这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！(since引导原因状语从句)
There is no equipment，and since there isn't even a washroom，if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin!
It takes me only a few minutes to walk
since there isn't even a washroom
3．我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。(from where引导定语从句)
Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first，up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below.
from where we had fantastic views,
基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He found it uncomfortable to work in this company, so he resigned (辞职) from his position.
2．Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms (站台)．
3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Every time you make coffee, dry the leftover (剩下的) coffee grounds and keep them in small bowls, then place the bowls in the kitchen.
4．Neither rain nor snow can stop postmen from delivering letters and parcels (包裹)．
5．Many young people were deeply affected by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled (有残疾的)．
resigned
platforms
leftover
parcels
disabled
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When charging your phone, you are not supposed to keep it plugged (plug) in when it's fully charged.
2．We are doing everything possible to ship your order but the contracted (contract) date has now become unrealistic.
3．Be willing to listen to others without inputting (input) anything on your end because all it takes is a disapproving look to start a conflict.
4．(2023·浙江1月卷)Oh, the road is jammed (jam) with traffic again. We are going to be late for work.
5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
plugged
contracted
inputting
is jammed
With
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．The river dried up in the late summer, so we could walk across it easily.
2. When I walked in, my lovely students showered me with a chorus of greetings.
3．The other day, a cross country race was held with the purpose of helping us build up our strength.
4．But we are trying to relay to you now energetically why this has been so significant.
5．Pollution does harm to the health of everyone living in the city, not to mention the damage to the environment.
a chorus of；the other day；dry up；relay to；not to mention
dried up
a chorus of
The other day,
relay to
not to mention
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．(2024·新课标卷应用文写作)我花了几个小时才完成这幅画，我觉得很满意。(it takes/took sb.sth.to do sth.)
It took me several hours to complete the painting，which I thought was satisfying.
2．昨夜，正当我熟睡时，我被一阵阵敲门声吵醒了。(be doing…when…)
I was sleeping soundly last night when I was awakened by a series of knocks on the door.
3．艾丽丝站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以观看同学们踢足球。(from where)
Alice stood at the window，from where she could watch her classmates playing football．
It took me several hours to complete the painting
I was sleeping soundly last night when
from where she could watch her classmates playing
football
4．这个骄傲的年轻人似乎理所当然地认为他应该作为一个代表发言。(take…for granted)
The proud young man seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative.
take it for granted that
课时作业35
第
分
部
五
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
(2024·山东潍坊高三模拟)
Kelli Boehle says her son Nik was an amazing and caring person. Nik was diagnosed with cancer in 2008 when he was 17.He passed away in 2012.But Nik's kindness and generosity have lived on long after his death.
After he was diagnosed and started treatment, Nik was granted (给予) a wish experience from the Make A Wish Foundation. “For just this period of time, we didn't think about cancer, ”Kelli Boehle said. “All we thought about was enjoying our time together.”
In 2009, Nik met another young man Nate, who was also going through cancer treatment. He'd been diagnosed a month after turning 18, and Nik learned he was too old to qualify for a wish. The night before Nik passed away, he asked his mother to help ensure that young adults fighting cancer could have their wishes come true too.
“It was like a seed he planted that just wouldn't stop coming into my mind，” she said. In 2012, Kelli Boehle started Nik's Wish. The nonprofit grants wishes to young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 who are battling cancer. Nate was the organization's first wish recipient. “It's meant to bring them joy and let them know that they're loved and that we're fighting for them, too，”Kelli Boehle said.
Recently, 19 year old Jordan Morrow received her wish to attend a Taylor Swift concert as part of a trip to Los Angeles. For Morrow, who has spent the last year battling brain cancer, going to the concert has done more than lift her spirits. “I think it's something to get me through whatever comes my way, ”she said. “And I'm thankful for Nik's Wish for that.”
In the 11 years since Nik passed away, the organization has granted more than 300 wishes across more than 30 states. In the beginning, Kelli Boehle says she wasn't sure she could be a wish maker and work closely with the young adults. But now, it's her favorite thing to do.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kelli Boehle创办非营利组织Nik's Wish，帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人实现愿望的故事。
1．What is the goal of Nik's Wish？( )
A．To make commercial profits.
B．To cure the youth of their cancer.
C．To ease young patients of pains.
D．To support young adults fighting cancer.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“In 2012, Kelli Boehle started Nik's Wish. The nonprofit grants wishes to young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 who are battling cancer.”可知，这个组织的目标是帮助对抗癌症的年轻人。故选D项。
D
2．Which word best describes Kelli Boehle？( )
A．Intelligent. B．Selfless.
C．Straightforward. D．Ambitious.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段提到Nik去世的前一晚，他请求母亲帮助确保那些与癌症作斗争的年轻人也能实现他们的愿望。再结合下文可知，Kelli Boehle创办了非营利组织，帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人，由此可推知，她是无私的。故选B项。
B
3．What can we learn from Jordan Morrow's words？( )
A．She survived the deadly disease.
B．She was granted more than one wish.
C．She was motivated by the organization.
D．She lifted people's spirits by performing.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“‘I think it's something to get me through whatever comes my way, ’she said. ‘And I'm thankful for Nik's Wish for that.’”可推知，Jordan Morrow受到了组织的激励。故选C项。
C
4．What is the best title for the text？( )
A．Pay It Forward: A Mother's Last Wish
B．Cancer Battles: Stories of Hope and Perseverance
C．Nik's Wish: Fulfilling Wishes for Young Cancer Fighters
D．Make A Wish Foundation: Granting Dreams to Young Adults
解析：主旨大意题。文章讲述了Kelli Boehle创办了非营利组织Nik's Wish，帮助与癌症作斗争的年轻人实现愿望的故事。由此可知，C项最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
C
(2025·八省联考)
Jane Jacobs spent her working life advancing a distinct vision of the city—in particular focusing on what makes a successful urban community.At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair, whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense (稠密) and exciting urban environments.She prefers disorder to order, walking to driving, and diversity to uniformity.
For Jacobs, urban communities are organic beings that should be left to grow and change by themselves and not be subject to the grand plans of so called experts and officials.The best judges of how a city should be—and how it should develop—are the local residents themselves.Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions, because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions.
Jacobs notes that the built form of a city is crucial to the life of an urban community, especially the sidewalks.The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks, which allow people to meet, talk, and get to know one another.Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better.
Diversity and mixed use of space are also, for Jacobs, key elements of this urban form.The commercial, business, and residential elements of a city should not be separated out but instead be side by side, to allow for greater integration of people.There should also be a diversity of old and new buildings, and people's interactions should determine how buildings get used and reused.
Finally, urban communities grow better in places where a critical mass of people live, work, and interact.Such high density spaces are, she feels, engines of creativity and vitality.They are also safe places to be, because the higher density means that there are more “eyes on the street”： shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Jane Jacobs对城市社区的设想，她认为城市社区应该是一个便于人们互相接触与交流、彼此了解的地方。
5．What does Jacobs find most important for a successful urban community？( )
A.Efficient public transport.
B．Strong interaction between people.
C．Uniform style of buildings.
D．A comparatively large population.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair, whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense (稠密) and exciting urban environments.”可知，Jane Jacobs认为人们之间的互动是城市生活的核心，对于成功的城市社区是非常重要的。故选B。
B
6．Who does Jacobs think should make decisions on urban development？( )
A．Local residents.
B．Government officials.
C．City planners.
D．Construction workers.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The best judges of how a city should be—and how it should develop—are the local residents themselves.”可知，Jane Jacobs认为城市应该如何发展应该由当地居民决定。故选A。
A
7．How does Jacobs suggest sidewalks be built？( )
A．Lined with plants.
B．Painted with clear signs.
C．Tightly connected.
D．Convenient for the old.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks, which allow people to meet, talk, and get to know one another.”可知，Jane Jacobs建议人行道应该紧密相连，这样能让人们相遇、交谈和互相了解。故选C。
C
8．According to Jacobs, the “eyes on the street” bring a sense of ．( )
A．pride B．comfort
C．security D．urgency
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They are also safe places to be, because the higher density means that there are more‘eyes on the street’：shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood.”可知，“eyes on the street”指的是店主和当地人对街区的密切关注，这会带来安全感。故选C。
C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·辽宁抚顺高三模拟)
Jennifer Williams is a teacher from Virginia who loves reading.1(____) So she decided to give away 1 million books to people in her small town. By doing so, she's earned a nickname “book lady”．
Since Williams started this activity in 2017, she's given away more than 63，000 books, mostly to students. Williams had this idea after she noticed that the students she taught would ask her to keep the books they were reading together. And they would ask her to read more books to them. So, one summer, she made a goal to give away 300 books to the school where she has worked. 2(____)
文章总览
But even after she met her goal, she didn't stop here. Williams started collecting donations and buying books out of her own pocket. Every year, she gives a book to each student at her local primary school.3(____) Standing across the street are 16 tiny libraries that Williams has kept. She also leaves books on picnic tables, but she doesn't usually leave a note.
4(____) Williams said her community has united to help her achieve her goal. She often returns home with boxes of donated books. Williams said that of the 63，000 books she's given away, 99% first sat on her living room floor.
As for Williams, she said she didn't plan to slow down anytime soon.5(____) “There are still lots of people who don't have books to read. I'm just trying to do something to help them，” she said.
文章总览
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了弗吉尼亚州的一名热爱阅读的教师Jennifer Williams帮助其他人读书的故事。
文章总览
Jennifer Williams is a teacher from Virginia who loves reading.1(____) So she decided to give away 1 million books to people in her small town. By doing so, she's earned a nickname “book lady”．
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
答案分析
F
解析：根据空前“Jennifer Williams is a teacher from Virginia who loves reading.”可知，Jennifer Williams是一个热爱读书的人。下文又指出她不仅自己爱读书还帮助其他人读书。F项“她想帮助喜欢阅读的人自由地享受阅读。”符合语境。故选F项。
Since Williams started this activity in 2017, she's given away more than 63，000 books, mostly to students. Williams had this idea after she noticed that the students she taught would ask her to keep the books they were reading together. And they would ask her to read more books to them. So, one summer, she made a goal to give away 300 books to the school where she has worked. 2(____)
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
答案分析
E
解析：根据上文“So, one summer, she made a goal to give away 300 books to the school where she has worked.”可知，她设定目标捐很多的书，所以她需要寻求认识的人的帮助。E项“她询问她认识的人是否愿意捐赠(图书)给儿童。”符合语境。故选E项。
But even after she met her goal, she didn't stop here. Williams started collecting donations and buying books out of her own pocket. Every year, she gives a book to each student at her local primary school.3(____) Standing across the street are 16 tiny libraries that Williams has kept. She also leaves books on picnic tables, but she doesn't usually leave a note.
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
答案分析
C
解析：根据上文“Every year, she gives a book to each student at her local primary school.”可知，她给别人捐书。再结合下文可知，她还以图书馆的形式把书捐给别人。C项“她还以其他方式把书送给别人。”符合语境。故选C项。
4(____) Williams said her community has united to help her achieve her goal. She often returns home with boxes of donated books. Williams said that of the 63，000 books she's given away, 99% first sat on her living room floor.
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
答案分析
A
解析：根据下文“Williams said her community has united to help her achieve her goal.”可知，她得到了社区的支持。A项“她的社区也非常支持她。”符合语境。故选A项。
As for Williams, she said she didn't plan to slow down anytime soon.5(____) “There are still lots of people who don't have books to read. I'm just trying to do something to help them，” she said.
A．Her community is very supportive, too.
B．Her goal is to keep doing what she is doing now.
C．She also gives books to other people in other ways.
D．Williams also teaches creative writing at a book club.
E．She asked people she knew if they'd like to donate to children.
F．She wants to help people who love to read enjoy reading freely.
G．Since then, the project has donated at least 8，000 books to children.
答案分析
B
解析：根据上文“As for Williams, she said she didn't plan to slow down anytime soon.”可知，她决定要继续这个伟大的事业。B项“她的目标是继续做她现在正在做的事情。”符合语境。故选B项。
