第七讲 谓语动词(二)——情态动词和虚拟语气
单句语法填空
1．(2024·全国甲卷)What should be done (do) with such a beautiful place
2．(2024·浙江1月卷)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered (offer) in smaller packs.
3．(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
4．(2021·天津3月卷)It used to be that you could drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
5．(2020·天津7月卷)Jim says we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
6．(江苏卷)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we would have had (have) a good time together.
考点一 情态动词
1．情态动词的类型
2．情态动词的基本用法
3．情态动词的特殊用法
(1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级含义。
(2)can/could的否定式与enough或too (much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。
(3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。
(4)may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。
(5)would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在。
(6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。
——单句语法填空
1．One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.
2．He is a bad tempered fellow, but he can be quite charming when he wishes.
3．Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they may just be quiet people.
4．You must be Jason. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
5．We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.
6．They should have arrived (arrive) at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
7．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He must have practised (practise) many times last week.
8．I can't find my purse. I might have left (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
考点二 虚拟语气
(一)虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用
类型 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
与现在事实相反 过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反 过去式/should/were to＋动词原形 should/would/could/might＋动词原形
If there were no air, we couldn't live．
如果没有空气，我们就不能存活。
If there had been no air in the tube，the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
如果管子里没有空气，实验的结果就会更精确。
If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.
如果他明天来，事情就容易多了。
[名师指津] 虚拟语气的倒装
如果虚拟条件句中含有were，should或had(其中should是助动词)，可将if省略，把这三个词提到主语之前，形成部分倒装。
If I were in your position, I would do the same.
→Were I in your position，I would do the same.
我要是处在你的位置上，我也会这么做。
If you had come earlier，you would have met her.
→Had you come earlier，you would have met her.
如果你早点来，你就能见到她了。
If he should come tomorrow，I would give him the dictionary.
→Should he come tomorrow，I would give him the dictionary.
如果他明天来，我就把字典给他。
(二)虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种情况
1．在“It is＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity＋that...”句型中，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It's vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously.
重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。
2．在would rather后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。
I'd rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday.
要是他前天和我去海边就好了。
3．句中含有以下单词或其变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“(should＋)动词原形”。
He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
他建议我们第二天早点出发。
4．wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
(1)对现在的虚拟： 过去式(be的过去式用were)
(2)对过去的虚拟： had＋过去分词
(3)对将来的虚拟：would/should/could/might＋动词原形
I wish (that) I were ten years younger.
我真希望我能年轻十岁。
I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.
我真希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。
(三)3个特定句式中的虚拟语气
句型结构 过去虚拟 现在虚拟 将来虚拟
if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
It is (high)time (that)... 从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略)
If only I had seen the film.
要是我看过那部电影就好了。
It is high time that we started/should start out.
我们该出发了。
He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing had happened．
他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得若无其事。
(四)含蓄虚拟条件句
1．有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for, without等介词(短语)来表示。
We wouldn't have finished the project on time without your timely help.
如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程。
2．用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
I'm really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.
我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。
3．虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。
She would have come to see you but she was ill that day.
要是那天她没生病，她就来看你了。
——单句语法填空
1．I was busy finishing my paper that day.Otherwise I would have gone (go) there with them.
2．I wish he had told (tell) me the truth last week.
3．I felt so embarrassed when being blamed by my teacher in class.If only I had completed (complete) my homework last night!
4．He talks about the creatures of the Amazon rainforest as if he had explored (explore)there before.
5．Her advice is that good study habits (should) be formed (form) in one's childhood.
6．It's high time that we applied/should apply (apply) ourselves to the task of protecting our environment.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·山东济南三模)The Yellow River Tower has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin where visitors can view the river passing through the city.
2．(2024·山西太原一模)I should make full use of the city's ecological advantages and get more chances to get closer to nature.
3．The doctor recommended that the medicine (should) be taken (take)three times a day.
4．She did not know what pursuing dance would bring her，but only took on the challenge with her full passion and love for dance.
5．Maybe later they don't want it and may never come back to the shop.
6．The income would be shared (share) between the platform，Wang and the question raiser.
7．Typically，the seals are carved from stone，but they can also be made (make) of wood，bamboo，or bone.
8．But he added that even minor genetic changes may/might have serious consequences.
9．He also took many other measures，hoping that such attempts would stop adulteration.
10．If I hadn't taken your advice，I would not manage (not manage) to carry out the project now.
Ⅱ.语篇专练(情态动词和虚拟语气)
Rain or shine, Tom is always the first to arrive at the office.His home 1.must be very near the office, or he 2.can't be always in time for work.How I wish that I 3.lived (live)close to work, so that I 4.need not get up so early every day.Yesterday, for example, I 5.would have arrived (arrive) in time for work as usual if I hadn't been caught in a traffic jam.The boss was so angry with me that he demanded I 6.(should) arrive (arrive) at work early enough later on, saying that should I be caught being late again, he 7.would punish (punish) me.
It's getting late, and I 8.must stop doing everything and go to bed now.Anyhow, it's time that I 9.went/should go (go) to sleep, and I hope I 10.can arrive at work on time tomorrow.It will be bad to be caught arriving late again.
Ⅲ.写作迁移(正确运用情态动词和虚拟语气完成句子)
1．(2024·浙江1月卷应用文写作)在跑步之前，我们应该以一双舒适的跑鞋开始，并做热身运动，以避免受伤。
Before running, we should get started by a pair of comfortable running shoes and do warm up exercises to avoid injuries.
2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)如果可能的话，我真的希望你能考虑一下我的建议。
Should it be possible/If it should be possible, I truly hope you can take my suggestions into consideration.
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)首先，如果英语水平不同的学生能够被有意识地分组在一起，而不是随机分组就再好不过了，这样我们就可以在练习中互相帮助。
To begin with, it couldn't be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at random, so that we can help each other during our practice.
4．想到我们宝贵的友谊，我不禁想念她。
I couldn't help missing her at the prospect of our precious friendship.
5．如果没有周围人的爱和关心，我就不会成功。
But for the love and care from those around me, I wouldn't have made it．(共24张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
第七讲 谓语动词(二)——情态动词和虚拟语气
RJ英语
专题二 词法篇
单句语法填空
1．(2024·全国甲卷)What should be done (do) with such a beautiful place
2．(2024·浙江1月卷)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered (offer) in smaller packs.
3．(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
4．(2021·天津3月卷)It used to be that you could drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
be done
be offered
be employed
could
5．(2020·天津7月卷)Jim says we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
6．(江苏卷)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we would have had (have) a good time together.
can
would have had
考点一 情态动词
1．情态动词的类型
2．情态动词的基本用法
3．情态动词的特殊用法
(1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级含义。
(2)can/could的否定式与enough或too (much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。
(3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。
(4)may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。
(5)would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在。
(6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。
——单句语法填空
1．One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.
2．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he can be quite charming when he wishes.
3．Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they may just be quiet people.
4．You must be Jason. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
5．We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.
6．They should have arrived (arrive) at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
7．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He must have practised (practise) many times last week.
8．I can't find my purse. I might have left (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
shall
can
may
must
needn't
have arrived
have practised
have left
考点二 虚拟语气
(一)虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用
类型 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
与现在事实相反 过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实相反 过去式/should/were to＋动词原形 should/would/could/might＋动词原形
If there were no air, we couldn't live．
如果没有空气，我们就不能存活。
If there had been no air in the tube，the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
如果管子里没有空气，实验的结果就会更精确。
If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.
如果他明天来，事情就容易多了。
[名师指津] 虚拟语气的倒装
如果虚拟条件句中含有were，should或had(其中should是助动词)，可将if省略，把这三个词提到主语之前，形成部分倒装。
If I were in your position, I would do the same.
→Were I in your position，I would do the same.
我要是处在你的位置上，我也会这么做。
If you had come earlier，you would have met her.
→Had you come earlier，you would have met her.
如果你早点来，你就能见到她了。
If he should come tomorrow，I would give him the dictionary.
→Should he come tomorrow，I would give him the dictionary.
如果他明天来，我就把字典给他。
(二)虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种情况
1．在“It is＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity＋that...”句型中，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It's vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously.
重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。
2．在would rather后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。
I'd rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday.
要是他前天和我去海边就好了。
3．句中含有以下单词或其变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“(should＋)动词原形”。
He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
他建议我们第二天早点出发。
4．wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
(1)对现在的虚拟： 过去式(be的过去式用were)
(2)对过去的虚拟： had＋过去分词
(3)对将来的虚拟：would/should/could/might＋动词原形
I wish (that) I were ten years younger.
我真希望我能年轻十岁。
I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.
我真希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。
(三)3个特定句式中的虚拟语气
句型结构 过去虚拟 现在虚拟 将来虚拟
if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
It is (high)time (that)... 从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略) If only I had seen the film.
要是我看过那部电影就好了。
It is high time that we started/should start out.
我们该出发了。
He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing had happened．
他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得若无其事。
(四)含蓄虚拟条件句
1．有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for, without等介词(短语)来表示。
We wouldn't have finished the project on time without your timely help.
如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程。
2．用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
I'm really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.
我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。
3．虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。
She would have come to see you but she was ill that day.
要是那天她没生病，她就来看你了。
——单句语法填空
1．I was busy finishing my paper that day.Otherwise I would have gone (go) there with them.
2．I wish he had told (tell) me the truth last week.
3．I felt so embarrassed when being blamed by my teacher in class.If only I had completed (complete) my homework last night!
4．He talks about the creatures of the Amazon rainforest as if he had explored (explore)there before.
5．Her advice is that good study habits (should) be formed (form) in one's childhood.
6．It's high time that we applied/should apply (apply) ourselves to the task of protecting our environment.
would have gone
had told
had
completed
had explored
(should) be formed
applied/should apply
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·山东济南三模)The Yellow River Tower has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin where visitors can view the river passing through the city.
2．(2024·山西太原一模)I should make full use of the city's ecological advantages and get more chances to get closer to nature.
3．The doctor recommended that the medicine (should) be taken (take)three times a day.
4．She did not know what pursuing dance would bring her，but only took on the challenge with her full passion and love for dance.
5．Maybe later they don't want it and may never come back to the shop.
can
should
(should) be taken
would
may
6．The income would be shared (share) between the platform，Wang and the question raiser.
7．Typically，the seals are carved from stone，but they can also be made (make) of wood，bamboo，or bone.
8．But he added that even minor genetic changes may/might have serious consequences.
9．He also took many other measures，hoping that such attempts would stop adulteration.
10．If I hadn't taken your advice，I would not manage (not manage) to carry out the project now.
be shared
be made
may/might
would
would not manage
Ⅱ.语篇专练(情态动词和虚拟语气)
Rain or shine, Tom is always the first to arrive at the office.His home 1.must be very near the office, or he 2.can't be always in time for work.How I wish that I 3.lived (live)close to work, so that I 4.need not get up so early every day.Yesterday, for example, I 5.would have arrived (arrive) in time for work as usual if I hadn't been caught in a traffic jam.The boss was so angry with me that he demanded I 6.(should) arrive (arrive) at work early enough later on, saying that should I be caught being late again, he 7.would punish (punish) me.
It's getting late, and I 8.must stop doing everything and go to bed now.Anyhow, it's time that I 9.went/should go (go) to sleep, and I hope I 10.can arrive at work on time tomorrow.It will be bad to be caught arriving late again.
must
can't
lived
need
would have
arrived
(should) arrive
would punish
must
went/should go
can
Ⅲ.写作迁移(正确运用情态动词和虚拟语气完成句子)
1．(2024·浙江1月卷应用文写作)在跑步之前，我们应该以一双舒适的跑鞋开始，并做热身运动，以避免受伤。
Before running, we should get started by a pair of comfortable running shoes and do warm-up exercises to avoid injuries.
2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)如果可能的话，我真的希望你能考虑一下我的建议。
Should it be possible/If it should be possible, I truly hope you can take my suggestions into consideration.
should get
Should it be possible/If it should be possible,
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)首先，如果英语水平不同的学生能够被有意识地分组在一起，而不是随机分组就再好不过了，这样我们就可以在练习中互相帮助。
To begin with, it couldn't be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at random, so that we can help each other during our practice.
4．想到我们宝贵的友谊，我不禁想念她。
I couldn't help missing her at the prospect of our precious friendship.
5．如果没有周围人的爱和关心，我就不会成功。
But for the love and care from those around me, I wouldn't have made it．
couldn't be better
could be
grouped
we can help each other
couldn't help missing
I wouldn't have made it
