第十四讲 定语从句
单句语法填空
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”， add an international character to Stratford upon Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
4．(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way that/which will make them the most money.
5．(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which/that welcomes the fast paced development of modern life，with 21st century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
6．(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
7．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age old fables.
8．(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, who lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
10．(2021·浙江1月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool which/that gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
11．(2021·天津6月卷)In the spring, a season when we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world.
12．(2021·北京卷)When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.
考点一关系代词的用法
(一)关系代词that与which的用法
that和which引导的定语从句
只用that的情况 当先行词为 everything, anything, nothing, something, much, all, none, few, little(少)等不定代词时
当先行词为形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
当先行词被the only, the very, all, any, little(少), few, no等词修饰时
当先行词既有人又有物时
只用which的情况 在非限制性定语从句中
关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词又位于关系代词之前时If I run into anything that might interest you, I'll send it your way.
如果我遇到你可能感兴趣的东西，我会把它寄给你。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
他家失火后，那辆旧轿车是他唯一的财产了。
That is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the city.
那是迄今为止在这个城市上映的最好的电影。
My mother and her old friends talked about persons and things that they remembered in the school.
我母亲和她的老朋友谈论了她们所记得的在学校里的人和事。
His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
他最优秀的电影，就是荣获几项大奖的那一部，是关于甘地生平的。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.
我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。
(二)which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
关系词 which as
先行词 名词或句子 只能是句子
位置上 只能放在先行词的后面 位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可位于句末
搭配上 无动词的限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see，hear，know，expect，remember等
意思上 这一点 正如……，正像……的那样
She married again, which was unexpected.
她再婚了，这是始料不及的。
She married again, as we expected.
正如我们预料的那样，她再婚了。
[易混辨析]
(1)the same...as...与the same...that...的区别
①the same...as...表示相似的东西，即同类异物。
This is the same book as he lent me last week.
这和他上星期借给我的那本书属于同一类。
②the same...that...表示同一人或物。
This is the same book that he lent me last week.
这是他上星期借给我的那本书。
(2)such/so...as...与such/so...that...的区别
①such/so...as...引导定语从句，意为“像……那样”，as在从句中作主语、宾语等。
This is such an easy question as I can answer.
这是一道我可以回答的简单问题。
②such/so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，that在从句中不作成分。
This is such an easy question that I can answer it.
这是一道如此简单的问题以至于我都可以回答。
(三)其他关系代词的用法辨析
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
who 人 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语
whom 人 宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)whose (＝of
whom/of which) 人或物 定语
Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.
每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业证书。
My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.
我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。
——单句语法填空
1．I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way that/which made me rethink the power of my words.
2．The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn't have anyone else in her family who could help her.
3．First, we went to Mount Tai, which is a very famous tourist spot in China.
4．The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two years.
5．This story about self respect and self love, whose characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.
考点二 关系副词的用法
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
when(＝at/on/in/during which) 表时间 时间状语
where(＝at/in/on which) 表地点 地点状语
why(＝for which)只引导限制性定语从句 表原因 原因状语
We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.
我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。
Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
古代的中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。
Can you tell me the reason why (＝for which) you are late again
你能告诉我你又迟到的原因吗？
[名师指津] ①先行词为抽象名词point，position, situation, stage, state, case, scene 等，并且定语从句中缺少状语时，常用where引导定语从句。
He said if we really got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, he would have already died of terror.
他说如果我们真到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
②reason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。
The boss doesn't want to hear any reason (that/which) you give.
老板不想听你给的任何理由。
③当先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。
It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to keep an appointment.
他们两人都能赴约，这还是头一遭。
The birth of a New Year is always a special occasion where people gather to celebrate a new beginning brimming with hope and renewal.
新年的到来总是一个特殊的场合，人们相聚在一起庆祝一个充满着希望和复苏的新的开始。
——单句语法填空
1．The Double Ninth Festival is also a time when the chrysanthemum (菊花) blooms.
2．I enjoyed my stay in the library where I could read various books I was interested in.
3．The reason why all people present are opposed to the project is that it will cause much pollution.
4．She is going to settle in Shanghai, where she has some close friends.
5．Next month, when we will spend our winter holidays in our hometown, is approaching.
考点三 “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
(一)“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法
“介词＋关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从句，又能引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom；关系代词whose与所修饰的名词也可同时放在介词之后。
The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
美国是一个大国，有着许许多多不同的方言。
He is the person on whom you can depend.
他是一个你可以信赖的人。
He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag.
他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。
(二)“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定
1．根据定语从句中动词、形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。(turn to sb.for help)
Physics is the subject in which every student in our school is interested.
物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。(be interested in)
2．根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我童年时在乡下度过的那段时光。(during the time)
3．根据所表达的意思来确定。
The colorless gas, without which we can't live, is called oxygen.
这种无色的气体就是氧气，没有它我们无法生存。
(三)“介词＋关系代词”结构的变式
构成 句法功能 用法指津
名词＋介词＋关系代词 主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构
数词(形容词最高级，some，many，each等)＋of＋关系代词 主语 关系代词只能用which或whom
介词(短语)＋关系代词 状语/定语 关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词＋关系代词”可与关系副词互换
介词＋关系代词＋名词 状语 关系代词常用which和whose
介词＋关系副词 状语 有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from或to
Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
最近，我买了一个古董花瓶，它的价格很合理。
He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever.
他有十个堂兄弟姐妹，最小的那个很聪明。
We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.
我们正在寻找这本书的主人。
Lily might possibly come, in which case I'll ask her.
莉莉可能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。
He was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where he eventually reached Greenland.
他被吹离了航线，发现自己到了一个陌生之地，最终他从那里来到了格陵兰。
——单句语法填空
1．I'll never forget the day on which we worked together in the countryside.
2．Yesterday we visited the Baotu Spring for which Jinan is famous.
3．In the fast moving information age, teenagers should keep pace with the media environment in which they communicate with the outside world.
4．This is the student for whom I bought the book.
5．For instance, in Lima, the capital of Peru, there are more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics, about 70 percent of which were set up by local doctors.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Doctors say misunderstandings and false information about the disease are spreading on the Internet, which they think should be stopped.
2．Running from Sept. 4 to 9, the fair was the first global trade event that had been held both online and offline by China since the outbreak of the disease.
3．Care of the soul is a gradual process in which even the small details of life should be considered.
4．As far as I am concerned, youth is a period when we should study hard and make ourselves well prepared for the future.
5．Peking Opera has a history of about 200 years, whose origin can date back to other old local operas, especially Anhui Opera.
6．As is known to us all, traditional Chinese medicine is practical and effective when used to treat some diseases.
7．During those dark moments, the space station maintains its power supply by using juice (电) that/which is saved in its batteries.
8．In life people make many decisions, some of which are so important that they affect us greatly.
9．Don't trust such people as praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back.
10．They have reached a point where they have to borrow money.
Ⅱ.语篇专练(定语从句)
A real friend is someone 1.who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone 2.whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone 3.who sees our true self, not just the face 4.that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools 5.that/which keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends 6.whom/that/who we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face to face chatting. “Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values 7.which/that matter most to us. “Liking” our friends' photos online does not develop the connection 8.which/that we share. To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.
Ⅲ.写作迁移(正确运用定语从句完成句子)
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)画中有一座引人注目的拱桥，桥下清水奔流。
In the painting, there is a striking arched bridge below which clear water flows quickly.
2．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)我想重点谈谈一些主要的发展，包括共享单车、高铁和新能源汽车。
I'd like to focus on some major developments, which include shared bicycles，high speed trains and new energy vehicles．
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)我还记得那是一个春天的星期一早晨，老师把我叫到他的办公室，告诉我，我在写作比赛中得了第一名，而且我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获胜者。
I still remember it was a Monday morning in spring, when my teacher called me to his office, telling me that I had taken first place in the writing contest, and that I was the only winner whose native language wasn't English．
4．(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)此外，他还提出建立国家学制，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。
Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, which had a far reaching influence on the Chinese educational system．
5．(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写)不知不觉中，挤奶房出现在我的视野中，我发现破碎的窗户已经修好了。
Unknowingly, the milking house appeared in my vision, in which I spotted that the broken window had been repaired．(共27张PPT)
简洁
实用
高效
第十四讲 定语从句
RJ英语
专题三 句法篇
单句语法填空
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”， add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
that/which
which
who
4．(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way that/which will make them the most money.
5．(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which/that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
6．(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
7．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
that/which
which/that
as
where
8．(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, who lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
10．(2021·浙江1月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool which/that gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
11．(2021·天津6月卷)In the spring, a season when we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world.
12．(2021·北京卷)When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.
who
that
which/that
when
that
考点一关系代词的用法
(一)关系代词that与which的用法
that和which引导的定语从句
只用that的情况 当先行词为 everything, anything, nothing, something, much, all, none, few, little(少)等不定代词时
当先行词为形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
当先行词被the only, the very, all, any, little(少), few, no等词修饰时
当先行词既有人又有物时
只用which的情况 在非限制性定语从句中
关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词又位于关系代词之前时If I run into anything that might interest you, I'll send it your way.
如果我遇到你可能感兴趣的东西，我会把它寄给你。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
他家失火后，那辆旧轿车是他唯一的财产了。
That is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the city.
那是迄今为止在这个城市上映的最好的电影。
My mother and her old friends talked about persons and things that they remembered in the school.
我母亲和她的老朋友谈论了她们所记得的在学校里的人和事。
His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
他最优秀的电影，就是荣获几项大奖的那一部，是关于甘地生平的。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.
我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。
(二)which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
She married again, which was unexpected.
她再婚了，这是始料不及的。
She married again, as we expected.
正如我们预料的那样，她再婚了。
关系词 which as
先行词 名词或句子 只能是句子
位置上 只能放在先行词的后面 位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可位于句末
搭配上 无动词的限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see，hear，know，expect，remember等
意思上 这一点 正如……，正像……的那样
[易混辨析]
(1)the same...as...与the same...that...的区别
①the same...as...表示相似的东西，即同类异物。
This is the same book as he lent me last week.
这和他上星期借给我的那本书属于同一类。
②the same...that...表示同一人或物。
This is the same book that he lent me last week.
这是他上星期借给我的那本书。
(2)such/so...as...与such/so...that...的区别
①such/so...as...引导定语从句，意为“像……那样”，as在从句中作主语、宾语等。
This is such an easy question as I can answer.
这是一道我可以回答的简单问题。
②such/so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，that在从句中不作成分。
This is such an easy question that I can answer it.
这是一道如此简单的问题以至于我都可以回答。
(三)其他关系代词的用法辨析
Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.
每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业证书。
My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.
我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
who 人 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语
whom 人 宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)whose (＝of
whom/of which) 人或物 定语
——单句语法填空
1．I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way that/which made me rethink the power of my words.
2．The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn't have anyone else in her family who could help her.
3．First, we went to Mount Tai, which is a very famous tourist spot in China.
4．The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two years.
5．This story about self-respect and self-love, whose characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.
that/which
who
which
as
whose
考点二 关系副词的用法
We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.
我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。
Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
古代的中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。
Can you tell me the reason why (＝for which) you are late again
你能告诉我你又迟到的原因吗？
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作成分
when(＝at/on/in/during which) 表时间 时间状语
where(＝at/in/on which) 表地点 地点状语
why(＝for which)只引导限制性定语从句 表原因 原因状语
[名师指津] ①先行词为抽象名词point，position, situation, stage, state, case, scene 等，并且定语从句中缺少状语时，常用where引导定语从句。
He said if we really got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, he would have already died of terror.
他说如果我们真到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
②reason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。
The boss doesn't want to hear any reason (that/which) you give.
老板不想听你给的任何理由。
③当先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。
It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to keep an appointment.
他们两人都能赴约，这还是头一遭。
The birth of a New Year is always a special occasion where people gather to celebrate a new beginning brimming with hope and renewal.
新年的到来总是一个特殊的场合，人们相聚在一起庆祝一个充满着希望和复苏的新的开始。
——单句语法填空
1．The Double Ninth Festival is also a time when the chrysanthemum (菊花) blooms.
2．I enjoyed my stay in the library where I could read various books I was interested in.
3．The reason why all people present are opposed to the project is that it will cause much pollution.
4．She is going to settle in Shanghai, where she has some close friends.
5．Next month, when we will spend our winter holidays in our hometown, is approaching.
when
where
why
where
when
考点三 “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
(一)“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法
“介词＋关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从句，又能引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom；关系代词whose与所修饰的名词也可同时放在介词之后。
The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
美国是一个大国，有着许许多多不同的方言。
He is the person on whom you can depend.
他是一个你可以信赖的人。
He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag.
他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。
(二)“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定
1．根据定语从句中动词、形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。(turn to sb.for help)
Physics is the subject in which every student in our school is interested.
物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。(be interested in)
2．根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我童年时在乡下度过的那段时光。(during the time)
3．根据所表达的意思来确定。
The colorless gas, without which we can't live, is called oxygen.
这种无色的气体就是氧气，没有它我们无法生存。
(三)“介词＋关系代词”结构的变式
构成 句法功能 用法指津
名词＋介词＋关系代词 主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构
数词(形容词最高级，some，many，each等)＋of＋关系代词 主语 关系代词只能用which或whom
介词(短语)＋关系代词 状语/定语 关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词＋关系代词”可与关系副词互换
介词＋关系代词＋名词 状语 关系代词常用which和whose
介词＋关系副词 状语 有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from或to
Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
最近，我买了一个古董花瓶，它的价格很合理。
He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever.
他有十个堂兄弟姐妹，最小的那个很聪明。
We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.
我们正在寻找这本书的主人。
Lily might possibly come, in which case I'll ask her.
莉莉可能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。
He was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where he eventually reached Greenland.
他被吹离了航线，发现自己到了一个陌生之地，最终他从那里来到了格陵兰。
——单句语法填空
1．I'll never forget the day on which we worked together in the countryside.
2．Yesterday we visited the Baotu Spring for which Jinan is famous.
3．In the fast moving information age, teenagers should keep pace with the media environment in which they communicate with the outside world.
4．This is the student for whom I bought the book.
5．For instance, in Lima, the capital of Peru, there are more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics, about 70 percent of which were set up by local doctors.
on
for
in
for
which
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Doctors say misunderstandings and false information about the disease are spreading on the Internet, which they think should be stopped.
2．Running from Sept. 4 to 9, the fair was the first global trade event that had been held both online and offline by China since the outbreak of the disease.
3．Care of the soul is a gradual process in which even the small details of life should be considered.
4．As far as I am concerned, youth is a period when we should study hard and make ourselves well prepared for the future.
5．Peking Opera has a history of about 200 years, whose origin can date back to other old local operas, especially Anhui Opera.
which
that
which
when
whose
6．As is known to us all, traditional Chinese medicine is practical and effective when used to treat some diseases.
7．During those dark moments, the space station maintains its power supply by using juice (电) that/which is saved in its batteries.
8．In life people make many decisions, some of which are so important that they affect us greatly.
9．Don't trust such people as praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back.
10．They have reached a point where they have to borrow money.
As
that/which
which
as
where
Ⅱ.语篇专练(定语从句)
A real friend is someone 1.who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone 2.whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone 3.who sees our true self, not just the face 4.that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools 5.that/which keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends 6.whom/that/who we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting. “Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values 7.which/that matter most to us. “Liking” our friends' photos online does not develop the connection 8.which/that we share. To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.
who
whose
who
that
that/which
whom/that/who
which/that
which/that
Ⅲ.写作迁移(正确运用定语从句完成句子)
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)画中有一座引人注目的拱桥，桥下清水奔流。
In the painting, there is a striking arched bridge below which clear water flows quickly.
2．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)我想重点谈谈一些主要的发展，包括共享单车、高铁和新能源汽车。
I'd like to focus on some major developments, which include shared bicycles，high-speed trains and new energy vehicles．
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)我还记得那是一个春天的星期一早晨，老师把我叫到他的办公室，告诉我，我在写作比赛中得了第一名，而且我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获胜者。
I still remember it was a Monday morning in spring, when my teacher called me to his office, telling me that I had taken first place in the writing contest, and that I was the only winner whose native language wasn't English．
below which clear water flows
which include shared bicycles，high-
speed trains and new energy vehicles
when my teacher called me to his
office,
whose native language wasn't English
4．(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)此外，他还提出建立国家学制，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。
Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system．
5．(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写)不知不觉中，挤奶房出现在我的视野中，我发现破碎的窗户已经修好了。
Unknowingly, the milking house appeared in my vision, in which I spotted that the broken window had been repaired．
which had a far-
reaching influence on the Chinese educational system
in which I spotted that the
broken window had been repaired
