2025--2026年高二人教版选择性必修第二册英语 Unit 3--Unit5单元基础综合练习试卷（含解析）
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2025--2026年高二人教版选择性必修第二册英语 Unit 3--Unit5单元基础综合练习试卷【含答案无听力】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
From the food ingredients, the placing on the plate to the background music and much more, chefs and companies in the UK are planning to change our dining experiences, and the trends in dining out. Entomophagy
This is a proper term for eating insects! Numerous people realize that many of our basic food may disappear in the coming decades and insects can offer people good protein (蛋白质) to replace animal meats, so they believe insects are a good choice. It hasn’t quite happened yet because we all think insects are extremely unpleasant. But, many chefs are already experimenting in the field. A number of top chefs in London are using their cooking creativity to turn something unpleasant into something delicious. Tech at the Table
Digital products will probably become a common part of our food and drink experiences in the near future. We’re going to see things like tablets and computer screens that can tell stories around the food we are eating. We’ll be able to change the color of plates digitally, because we know that colors can change the taste of food or make it look better. The Experimental Meal
The experimental meal is liked by a growing number of people interested in finding new connections between their senses. They think that food is not just what goes into the mouth, but a whole experience. They’re seeing dining — music, lighting, staff uniforms, temperature changes — as a whole meal. They are trying to put different things together instead of having dinner and then going to the theatre, why not bring the two together The same goes for cinema and music.
1．What is the reason for some people to turn to insects for food
A．The better taste of protein from insects. B．The popularity of some chefs in London.
C．The possibility of main food disappearing. D．The performance of some chefs’ experiments.
2．Why is the color of plates changed digitally
A．To make the food healthy. B．To make the food attractive.
C．To make the plate funny. D．To make the plate eco-friendly.
3．Why do some people prefer the experimental meal
A．To connect senses in a new way. B．To bring colorful plates together.
C．To combine food with digital products. D．To carry out technology experiments.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共3小题）
Alex is my regular hiking, ice-climbing, and mountain-biking partner. We were on a one-night trip, and what he brought for dinner was just rice. Literally nothing else.
This was not because he was trying to pack as light as possible, nor was it because he was broke. I tried to convince him to at least add some soy sauce (酱油) to it. But no, Alex wasn’t having any of it. “I don’t need it,” he said simply.
Now, if he was talking only about outdoors’ meals, I almost understood the reason. When you’re ravenous after a day of burning off calories walking or climbing or backcountry skiing in the mountains, how awesome do things taste! Just as the saying goes, hunger is the best sauce. And I agree. Absolutely.
But there’s more to it than that. Last month, I went down the coast car camping with my family. One morning, my wife made a statement. “I don’t see the point,” she said. “It’s so much work, camping. But the views at home are better. The beds are more comfortable. It’s more peaceful. And at home, the food is better.” I’ll admit she’s right about the first three. But the food We had a simple pasta one night, snags another, chicken curry the third, but they all tasted good. Better than at home. And it wasn’t simply that we were hungry; it was because we were camping.
The real point I want to convey is that meals taste particularly good when I’m camping because it reminds me of things that are easily overlooked at home, where I can just go to the cupboard or the supermarket and grab whatever I feel like. When you’re camping, life is reduced to its essentials, and I’m reminded of how privileged most of us are to be dry, warm and fed. More importantly, I’m reminded that, sadly, not everyone is as fortunate as we are. And I’m reminded that, as a society, we should do better for them.
4．Why did Alex bring only rice for dinner on the trip
A．He didn’t like soy sauce. B．He preferred to travel light.
C．He couldn’t afford a better meal. D．He thought simple food enough outdoors.
5．What does the underlined word “ravenous” in the third paragraph mean
A．Exhausted. B．Starving. C．Charming. D．Refreshed.
6．What makes the author sad in the last paragraph
A．Some people lack the basic necessities of life. B．Some people fail to appreciate what they have.
C．People easily forget the beauty of simple things. D．People easily quit camping due to its discomfort.
7．What message does the author want to convey in the passage
A．Camping is a test of adaptability to challenges. B．Camping is a bonding experience for family.
C．Camping is a reminder of our good life. D．Camping is a chance to enjoy a feast.
D
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I
8．What is the recent study mainly about
A．Food safety. B．Movie viewership.
C．Consumer demand. D．Eating behavior.
9．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons.
C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons.
10．Why did the researchers hire the actor
A．To see how she would affect the participants.
B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
11．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
A．How hungry we are. B．How slim we want to be.
C．How we perceive others. D．How we feel about the food．
Maybe you’ve set a New Year’s resolution to get fitter and healthier this year. If so, you’re in good company: statistics show that improving fitness is the number one resolution. Unfortunately, the majority of people find sticking to that resolution difficult. A year on, only about 9% report they’ve stayed with a new exercise plan for the entire 12 months.
Making exercise a consistent, regular habit is hard, especially when you’re balancing a career, family duties, and other demands on your time. A good starting point — or simply a good way to add on to an existing exercise habit — is to integrate movement “snacks” into your routine. These short bursts of activity spread throughout your day can make a difference in how you feel, as well as your overall health.
Research backs this up. A team at McMasters University tested the theory. The study looked into whether simple 20-second bursts of stair climbing, three times each day, performed three days a week, could improve cardiorespiratory (心肺的) fitness. After six weeks, it had, by about 5%. “The changes are modest, but not insignificant,” says coauthor Martin Gibala. While repeated exercise snacks shouldn’t replace a more regular workout routine that includes both cardiovascular (心血管的) and strength training, it can improve your health. It can also serve as an easy entry point to getting fitter in the new year.
One effective way to add movement snacks is by stacking them onto existing habits, like fitting in some movement while waiting for the coffee to prepare. Easy entry points include activities like push-ups, jogging in place, or a quick walk. Engaging large muscle groups to raise your heart rate is key.
All that said, your goal should still be longer, intentional exercise sessions. But as an add-on — or if time for an exercise snack is all you’ve got — you can improve your health. Consider snacks a supplement. It’s a little bite throughout your day that feeds your body.
12．Why does the author mention a New Year’s resolution
A．To highlight the ease of maintaining it. B．To stress the importance of setting goals.
C．To illustrate the challenge of completing it. D．To emphasize the tradition of making promises.
13．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The benefits of a balanced diet. B．The importance of strength training.
C．The effectiveness of exercise snacks. D．The impact of long workout sessions.
14．What does the underlined word “stacking” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Removing. B．Changing. C．Deleting. D．Building.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Short Routines for Better Performance B．Boost Your Health with Micro-Workouts
C．Maximize Results with Intense Workouts D．New Year’s Resolution for Better Health
三、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Research has shown that mindful eating has positive impacts on people, so it’s beneficial to know how to eat more mindfully. Here are some techniques for eating at a healthy pace.
Remove all distractions while you eat. 16 Make sure your cell phone is face down and you’re not going to be responding to any messages that come through.
Take enough time to finish your meal. Even with all distractions removed, very often you still find yourself eating faster than you should. 17 It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full.
18 You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich. One way to slowdown is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal. Ask yourself: What’s on my plate How hungry am I today Is it too salty Notice the smell, the taste and whatever other senses that arise as you eat.
Limit the amount of the food you might munch on(大口吃) mindlessly. Put a small amount of snack food, like potato chips, in a separate bowl to help avoid mindless munching. 19 Putting aside some of the food can help you eat less at a healthier pace.
Actually chew. If you’re wolfing down(狼吞虎咽) your food you’re probably not chewing it. And chewing is an important part of digestion. 20 Look at each bite before putting it into your mouth, acknowledge what you’re eating and chew, chew, chew.
A．Notice all the little details about your food.
B．Limit your time for a meal within 20 minutes.
C．It helps break up the foods so it’s easier for absorption.
D．Watch out for your food intake and the time you spend on it.
E．When you sit down to eat, spend at least 20 minutes doing so.
F．If you have a whole bag of it, it is challenging to stop after several bites.
G．They can limit your ability to enjoy your food and notice when you are full.
四、完形（15空）（本大题共1小题）
More than any other aspect of the climate crisis, it is the over-production of carbon dioxide that has been valued. But nitrogen, and its 21 use in commercial fertilizer, also leads to air pollution and climate change. Evidence suggests their use also contributes to air pollution, increases the rates of cancer and 22 biodiversity, as well as releasing gas (laughing gas).
But nitrogen helps 23 around half the world’s population and remains essential for the foreseeable future. With prices of fertilizer rising, many developing countries don’t 24 it, with resulting threats to food security. The global nitrogen 25 involves both reducing fertilizer use, and getting it to where it’s needed most.
A team of scientists has come up with a five-step plan to solve this 26 problem. Benjamin Houlton, the leader, explains that only by undertaking a 27 approach and combining solutions can the problem be solved on both levels.
The five steps identified involve 28 agricultural practices, getting fertilizer to the places it’s needed, reducing nitrogen pollution and finally, both reducing food waste and promoting a change in diet. The 29 two are essential because approximately one-quarter of all global food produced is wasted along the 30 chain, which means that a large portion of the nitrogen fertilizer 31 to crops is ultimately wasted.
Benjamin admits that adding nitrogen to the list of existing climate woes might cause a sense of exhaustion. 32 he has an encouraging message. “The truth is, nitrogen is a blessing and a 33 ,” he says, “But if you can reduce the spill-overs of nitrogen, you can quickly get systems to return to the 34 state. That makes it very different from CO2. We lock in 30 to 50 years of climate impacts every time we send out a molecule of CO2 into the air. But with nitrogen you can get 35 returns on investment.”
21．A．positive B．favorable C．collective D．abundant
22．A．promotes B．descends C．reduces D．expands
23．A．shelter B．feed C．rescue D．adjust
24．A．take account of B．take charge of C．look up to D．have access to
25．A．advantage B．concept C．challenge D．composition
26．A．two-sided B．self-contradictory C．not-so-distant D．energy-consuming
27．A．respectable B．comprehensive C．substantial D．crucial
28．A．transforming B．exercising C．depriving D．concealing
29．A．former B．latter C．prior D．rare
30．A．supply B．demand C．wrapping D．advertising
31．A．applied B．adapted C．addressed D．appealed
32．A．Therefore B．Furthermore C．Nevertheless D．Likewise
33．A．toast B．curse C．fault D．trick
34．A．original B．preferable C．traditional D．disposable
35．A．plentiful B．visual C．mutual D．immediate
五、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
In Japan, Chen Jianyi was a household name. He devoted his life to cooking and adapting the hot and spicy Chinese dish for Japanese56(customer). His career and life even inspired a Japanese artist57(create)Cooking Master Boy, a household cartoon58became a common childhood memory among the Japanese born in the 1980s and 1990s.
In 1952, Chen’s father moved to Japan. 6 years59(late), he opened the first Sichuan cuisine restaurant in Tokyo. Then he set up an “Institute of Chinese Cuisine”60the help of his wife. It has trained 15,000 chefs, making a great61(contribute) to the spread of Chinese food in Japan.
In 1990, Chen took over the Sichuan restaurant at62age of 34 after his father’s death. He improved their family’s signature dish (招牌菜) even further to give it a “spicy and63(slight) sweet taste.” In a cooking competition in 1993, he broke a record and64(claim) the title of “First Chef of Chinese Food” in Japan.
Sadly, chef Chen passed away in March, 2023. The news of his death made media headlines in Japan. It shows just how much the Japanese love the dish he cooked and Chinese cuisine, and how food culture has played an important role in promoting communication and65(culture) exchanges.
六、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
36．任何人生活或学习中都会遇到困难, 尤其在这个严重疫情期间。请你以“My Meaningful Experience during the Pandemic”为题, 用英语写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括: 1. 你的经历； 2. 体会和感想。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；2. 短文题日和首句已为你写好。
My Meaningful Experience during the Pandemic
As we grow up, we are bound to meet with some obstacles in life.
七、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
37．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mark was a 11-year-old boy. One day he was selling magazines for his school fees, walking up to a house that people rarely visited. The house was very old and shabby and the owner hardly ever came out. When he did come out, he would not say hello to his neighbors or passers-by but simply just glared at(怒视) them. It was said that the old man’s name was Henry.
Mark knocked on the door and waited, sweating due to fear of the old man. Mark’s parents told him to stay away from the house, and a lot of other neighborhood children were told the same thing by their parents.
Dusk found Mark wandering and hesitating(犹豫) what to do. As he was ready to walk away, the door slowly opened: “Why are you standing here ” the old man Henry said impatiently. Mark was very afraid but he had to sell a certain number of magazines for his school fees... So he got up the courage and said, “Uh, sir, I am selling these magazines and, uh, I was wondering if you would like to buy one from me.”
Henry just stared at Mark without saying a word. Mark could see that Henry had dog figurines(小雕像) on the shelves inside his house. “Do you collect dog figurines ” Mark asked. “Yes, I have many collections in my house. They are my family here and they are all I have.” Mark then felt sorry for Henry, as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul.
“Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors. It is perfect for you. I also have one about dogs since you like dogs so much.” Henry was ready to close the door on the boy and said, “No, boy. I don’t need any magazines of any kind, now goodbye.”
Mark was sad that he was not going to achieve his goal of selling a certain number of magazines. He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the house that he owned. Mark went home and then had an idea. He had a little dog figurine that he had got some years before from an aunt. The figurine did not mean so much to him since he had a real living dog and a large family.
注意：1、续写词数应为150左右；
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mark held the dog figurine and ran out of his house.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Mark’s contact and communication with Henry made a difference to Henry’s life and character.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些新的就餐趋势。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Numerous people realize that many of our basic food may disappear in the coming decades and insects can offer people good protein (蛋白质) to replace animal meats, so they believe insects are a good choice.(许多人意识到我们的许多基本食物可能在未来几十年消失，昆虫可以为人们提供良好的蛋白质来代替动物肉类，所以他们认为昆虫是一个很好的选择)”可知，有些人以昆虫为食的原因是主要食物消失的可能性。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“We’ll be able to change the color of plates digitally, because we know that colors can change the taste of food or make it look better.(我们将能够用数字技术改变盘子的颜色，因为我们知道颜色可以改变食物的味道，或者让它看起来更好)”可知，底片的颜色用数码来改变是为了使食物有吸引力。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The experimental meal is liked by a growing number of people interested in finding new connections between their senses. They think that food is not just what goes into the mouth, but a whole experience. They’re seeing dining—music, lighting, staff uniforms, temperature changes—as a whole meal.(越来越多的人对寻找感官之间的新联系感兴趣，他们喜欢这种实验性的食物。他们认为食物不仅仅是吃进嘴里的东西，而是一种完整的体验。他们把用餐——音乐、灯光、员工制服、温度变化——看作是一顿完整的饭)”可知，有些人更喜欢实验餐是为了以一种新的方式连接感官。故选A。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者与同伴Alex户外旅行的饮食经历，以及和家人露营时对食物的感悟，揭示了露营能让人重新审视生活，意识到自身的幸运，并唤起对社会弱势群体的关怀，强调露营是对美好生活的一种深刻提醒。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“But no, Alex wasn’t having any of it. “I don’t need it,” he said simply.(但不，亚历克斯根本不接受我的建议。“我不需要它，”他简单地说道)”可知，Alex认为在户外简单的食物就足够了，不需要复杂的调味或更多的食物。故选D。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“after a day of burning off calories walking or climbing or backcountry skiing in the mountains(在进行了一整天的步行、登山或在山区进行越野滑雪等消耗卡路里的运动之后)”可知，在户外活动一天后，人们消耗了大量卡路里，感到非常饿的状态。故“ravenous”表示极度饥饿，因此选项B “Starving（饥饿的）”是正确的。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you’re camping, life is reduced to its essentials, and I’m reminded of how privileged most of us are to be dry, warm and fed. More importantly, I’m reminded that, sadly, not everyone is as fortunate as we are. And I’m reminded that, as a society, we should do better for them.(当你在露营时，生活就变得极其简单纯粹了。这让我想起我们大多数人是多么幸运能够保持干爽、温暖并且有食物可吃。更重要的是，这让我意识到，令人遗憾的是，并非所有人都像我们这般幸运。而且我还意识到，作为一个社会，我们应该为他们做得更好)”可知，作者感到难过的是，有些人缺乏基本的生活必需品。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When you’re camping, life is reduced to its essentials, and I’m reminded of how privileged most of us are to be dry, warm and fed. More importantly, I’m reminded that, sadly, not everyone is as fortunate as we are. And I’m reminded that, as a society, we should do better for them.(当你在露营时，生活就变得极其简单纯粹了。这让我想起我们大多数人是多么幸运能够保持干爽、温暖并且有食物可吃。更重要的是，这让我意识到，令人遗憾的是，并非所有人都像我们这般幸运。而且我还意识到，作为一个社会，我们应该为他们做得更好)”可知，选项C“露营是一种提醒人们所拥有的美好生活的方式”是作者想通过文字传递的信息。故选C。
【答案】
8．D；
9．D；
10．A；
11．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了一项关于就餐同伴的体形和饮食习惯会影响人们食物摄入量的研究，结果表明，人们对他人体形和食量的看法会影响自己的饮食行为。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.可知，该研究主要是关于就餐同伴的体形和饮食习惯对人们食物摄入量的影响，属于饮食行为的范畴，故选D项。
9．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前半部分中的contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions可知，与现有的研究，即避免和食量大的超重人士一起吃饭相反，你真正应该避免的是与大食量的beanpoles一起吃饭；根据其中的contrary to并结合后文内容可推断，beanpoles的意思应与heavier people的意思相反，故D项符合语境，意为“瘦高个子”。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中的To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.可知，该实验的目的是测试社会因素对人们饮食习惯的影响；而根据后文内容可知，被雇用的演员分别打扮成很胖和很瘦的样子去拿大量的食物，研究人员据此分析实验参与者的食物摄入情况。由此推断，研究人员雇这位演员的目的是观察她会对实验参与者产生怎样的影响。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit… If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I？可知，我们会因为对就餐同伴的看法而调节对方对自己的饮食行为的影响，若对方太胖又吃得太多，人们可能会“引以为戒”；若相反，很瘦的人胃口很大，人们则会效仿。故C项符合语境。
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．D 15．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了如何通过短暂的“运动零食”改善健康。
【详解】12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Maybe you’ve set a New Year’s resolution to get fitter and healthier this year. If so, you’re in good company: statistics show that improving fitness is the number one resolution. Unfortunately, the majority of people find sticking to that resolution difficult. A year on, only about 9% report they’ve stayed with a new exercise plan for the entire 12 months. (也许你已经制定了一个新年计划，今年要变得更苗条的、更健康。如果是这样，那么你是在一个好公司：统计数据显示，改善健康是头号决心。不幸的是，大多数人发现坚持这个决心很困难。一年过去了，只有9%的人表示他们在一整年里都坚持了一项新的锻炼计划。)”可知虽然许多人设定了健身目标，但很难持续执行，只有少数人能够坚持下去。通过引用统计数据，作者说明了维持健身决心的困难，故推断提到新年健身决心是为了展示这一目标的挑战性。故选C项。
13．主旨大意题。 第三段讲述了麦克马斯特大学的一个团队测试了每天三次、每次20秒爬楼梯（一周进行三天）是否能改善心肺健康，六周后心肺健康提高了约5%， 并且根据研究人员所说“The changes are modest, but not insignificant (变化不大，但并非微不足道)”可知，本段主要是在说明运动“零食”（短时间的运动）的有效性，“运动零食的有效性”最符合段落主题。故选C项。
14．词句猜测题。根据第四段“One effective way to add movement snacks is by stacking them onto existing habits, like fitting in some movement while waiting for the coffee to prepare. (添加运动“零食”的一个有效方法是将它们……到现有的习惯中，比如在等咖啡煮好的时候进行一些运动。)”这里是说把运动“零食”融入现有的习惯，“build...onto...”有“在……之上建立；把……添加到……”的意思。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了将短时间的运动（运动“零食”）融入日常生活对健康有益，虽然不能替代常规的锻炼，但可以作为改善健康的一个切入点。B选项“通过微锻炼提升你的健康”准确反映了文章的主题，适合作标题。故选B项。
三、七选五阅读
【答案】16．G 17．E 18．A 19．F 20．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些健康饮食的技巧。
【解析】16．根据上文“Remove all distractions while you eat. (吃饭时排除一切干扰。)”可知，本句承接上文说明“吃饭时排除一切干扰”这么做的原因。故G选项“它们会限制你享受食物的能力，也会限制你注意到自己已经吃饱了。”符合语境，故选G。
17．根据上文“Take enough time to finish your meal. Even with all distractions removed, very often you still find yourself eating faster than you should. (花足够的时间吃完你的饭。即使排除了所有的干扰，你仍然经常发现自己吃得比你应该吃的快。)”以及后文“It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full. (大约需要这段时间，你的身体才会向大脑发出你吃饱了的信号。)”可知，本句主要针对吃饭花费的时间提出建议。故E选项“当你坐下来吃饭时，至少花20分钟这样做。”符合语境，故选E。
18．根据本段内容“You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich. One way to slowdown is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal. Ask yourself: What’s on my plate How hungry am I today Is it too salty Notice the smell, the taste and whatever other senses that arise as you eat. (你可能想知道如何花整整20分钟吃一个三明治。放慢速度的一种方法是调动你的感官，仔细考虑你吃饭的所有细节。问问你自己：我的盘子里有什么？我今天有多饿？是不是太咸了？注意你吃东西时产生的气味、味道和其他感觉。)”可知，后文提到注意你吃东西时产生的气味、味道和其他感觉，即建议注意食物的细节。故A选项“注意食物的所有细节。”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据上文“Put a small amount of snack food, like potato chips, in a separate bowl to help avoid mindless munching. (把少量的零食，如薯片，放在一个单独的碗里，以帮助避免无意识地咀嚼。)”可知，上文建议把零食单独放在一个碗里，可知本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因。故F选项“如果你有一整袋，吃几口就停止是很困难的。”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据上文“And chewing is an important part of digestion. (咀嚼是消化的重要组成部分。)”可知，上文提到了咀嚼的重要性，可知本句说明咀嚼的作用。故C选项“它有助于分解食物，这样更容易被吸收。”符合语境，故选C。
四、完形（15空）
【答案】
21．D
22．C
23．B
24．D
25．C
26．A
27．B
28．A
29．B
30．A
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【详解】
〖导语〗这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家提出五步计划来解决氮的双面问题，即氮对空气的污染和对提高粮食产量的重要作用；
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是氮，以及它在商业化肥中的大量使用，也会导致空气污染和气候变化。A. positive积极的；B. favorable有利的，赞许的；C. collective集体的，共同的；D. abundant大量的，丰富的。根据后文“their use also contributes to air pollution, increases the rates of cancer and reduces biodiversity, as well as releasing gas (laughing gas).”可知氮的使用对环境的消极影响很多，因此是氮在商业化肥中有大量的使用。故选D项；
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，它们的使用还会造成空气污染，增加癌症发病率，减少生物多样性，以及释放气体(笑气)。 A. promotes促进，提升；B. descends下降； C. reduces减少； D. expands扩大，增加。根据前文“ its abundant use in commercial fertilizer, also leads to air pollution and climate change.”可知氮的使用导致环境污染和气候变化，那么生物生存的自然环境被改变了，生物多样性也就减少了。故选C项；
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但氮帮助养活了世界上大约一半的人口，在可预见的未来仍是必不可少的。A. shelter掩蔽，收容；B. feed喂养；C. rescue援救；D. adjust调整。根据前文连词But,表示转折，上一段说明氮的消极影响，那么本段说明氮的积极影响，结合后文提到的人口，可知氮帮助养活了世界上约一半人口。故选B项；
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着化肥价格的上涨，许多发展中国家无法获得化肥，从而对粮食安全构成威胁。A. take account of考虑到；B. take charge of负责；C. look up to尊敬；D. have access to使用，接近，可以利用。根据前文“With prices of fertilizer rising”和后文“with resulting threats to food security”可知化肥价格上涨，粮食安全受到威胁，可知许多发展中国家没有化肥。故选D项；
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球氮的挑战既包括减少化肥的使用，也包括把化肥运到最需要的地方。 A. advantage优势；B. concept概念；C. challenge 挑战；D. composition成分，作品。根据下文文“ both reducing fertilizer use, and getting it to where it’s needed most.” 可知全球氮的挑战既包括减少化肥的使用，也包括把化肥运到最需要的地方。故选C项；
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一组科学家提出了一个五步计划来解决这个双面问题。A. two-sided两方面的；B. self-contradictory自相矛盾的；C. not-so-distant不远的；D. energy-consuming耗能的，费精力的。根据前文提到的氮问题面临的挑战，即氮的过渡使用和有些地方没有氮，可知这是一个双面问题。故选A项；
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：领导者Benjamin Houlton解释说，只有采取全面的方法，结合解决方案，才能在两个层面上解决问题。 A. respectable值得尊重的，体面的；B. comprehensive综合性的，全面的； C. substantial大量的，基本的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据前文提到的氮面临的双面问题可知需要采取全面的解决办法以解决问题。故选B项；
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：确定的五个步骤包括改变农业做法，将肥料运送到需要的地方，减少氮污染，最后，减少食物浪费和促进饮食的改变。A. transforming转变；B. exercising运动，练习；C. depriving夺去；D. concealing隐藏，掩饰。根据首段提到的氮在商业化肥中的过渡使用导致了很多环境问题，因此需要改变农业做法，以减少氮在商业化肥中的使用。故选A项；
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后两者至关重要，因为全球约四分之一的粮食生产在供应链上被浪费了，这意味着用于作物的大部分氮肥最终被浪费了。 A. former前者的；B. latter 后者的；C. prior先前的，事先的；D. rare 稀有的。根据句后文“approximately one-quarter of all global food produced is wasted”可知全球约四分之一的粮食生产被浪费，因此前文提到的五个步骤中，后面两个与食物浪费和饮食有关的步骤最为重要。故选B项；
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后两者至关重要，因为全球约四分之一的粮食生产在供应链上被浪费了，这意味着用于作物的大部分氮肥最终被浪费了。 A. supply 供应；B. demand需求；C. wrapping包装；D. advertising广告。根据前文提到的粮食被浪费，结合空后的chain,可知是供应链食物被浪费了。故选A项；
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后两者至关重要，因为全球约四分之一的粮食生产在供应链上被浪费了，这意味着用于作物的大部分氮肥最终被浪费了。 A. applied应用；B. adapted适应；C. addressed 演说，解决；D. appealed呼吁，上诉，吸引。根据前文提到的粮食浪费，结合fertilizer可知是被应用到庄稼上的氮化肥被浪费了。故选A项；
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是传达了一个鼓舞人心的信息。A. Therefore因此；B. Furthermore 此外；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Likewise同样地。根据前文“Benjamin admits that adding nitrogen to the list of existing climate woes might cause a sense of exhaustion.”可知，在现有的气候灾难中增加氮可能会导致资源枯竭，结合后文“he has an encouraging message. ”可知前后是转折关系。故选C项；
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说:“事实是，氮是一种祸根，也是一种良药。A. toast 烤面包片，庆祝；B. curse祸根，诅咒；C. fault错误，责任；D. trick技巧，花招。根据前文提到的增加的消极影响，和后文令人鼓舞的信息，可知Benjamin认为氮既是导致问题的原因（祸根），也可以解决问题的办法（福音）。故选B项；
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你能减少氮的溢出，你就能迅速使系统恢复到原始状态。A. original原始的；B. preferable更好的，更合适的；C. traditional传统的；D. disposable一次性的。根据前文“ if you can reduce the spill-overs of nitrogen”可知，如果解决氮的过渡使用，那么引起的环境问题也能解决，即使生态系统就可以回到原始状态。故选A项；
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对于氮，你可以立即获得投资回报。” A. plentiful丰富的；B. visual视觉的；C. mutual相互的；D. immediate立刻的。根据前文“We lock in 30 to 50 years of climate impacts every time we send out a molecule of CO2 into the air. ”可知我们每向空气中排放一分子二氧化碳，就会锁定30到50年的气候影响，即CO2的影响是漫长的，根据后文But，表示转折，可知氮给我们的回报是快速的。故选D项。
五、语篇
【答案】
36． customers
37． to create
38． which/that
39． later
40． with
41． contribution
42． the
43． slightly
44． claimed
45．cultural
【分析】
本文是记叙文。主要讲述了华裔厨师陈建一使中国美食在日本广泛传播的事情。
【详解】
36． 考查名词的数。句意：他一生致力于为日本顾客烹饪和改良辛辣的中国菜。此处应用名词customer作宾语，为可数名词，前面无冠词，应用复数表示泛指，故填customers。
37． 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的职业生涯和生活甚至启发了一位日本艺术家创作了一部家喻户晓的卡通片《烹饪大师男孩》 ，这部卡通片成为了80年代和90年代出生的日本人共同的童年记忆。inspire sb. to do sth.固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to create。
38． 考查定语从句。句意：他的职业生涯和生活甚至启发了一位日本艺术家创作了一部家喻户晓的卡通片《烹饪大师男孩》 ，这部卡通片成为了80年代和90年代出生的日本人共同的童年记忆。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a household cartoon，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，故填which/that。
39． 考查副词。句意：6年后，他在东京开了第一家川菜馆。时间+later，表示“多久之后”，故填later。
40． 考查介词。句意：然后他在妻子的帮助下成立了“中国烹饪学院”。with the help of sb.固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”，故填with。
41． 考查名词。句意：它培养了15000名厨师，为中国菜在日本的传播做出了巨大贡献。此处应用名词作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填contribution。
42． 考查冠词。句意：1990年，34岁的陈在父亲去世后接管了这家四川餐厅。at the age of固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”，故填the。
43． 考查副词。句意：他进一步改进了他们家的招牌菜，使其具有“辛辣而略带甜味”。此处应用副词slightly修饰形容词sweet，故填slightly。
44． 考查时态。句意：在1993年的一次烹饪比赛中，他打破了一项记录，并在日本赢得了“中国菜第一厨师”的称号。此处在句中作谓语，和broke是并列谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填claimed。
45．考查形容词。句意：它表明了日本人是多么热爱他烹饪的菜肴和中国菜，以及饮食文化如何在促进沟通和文化交流方面发挥了重要作用。此处应用形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词exchanges，故填cultural。
六、应用文写作
36．【答案】My Meaningful Experience during the Pandemic
As we grow up, we are bound to meet with some obstacles in life. During the lockdown period, I had no choice but to stay at home and attend online classes, which brought me a great challenge. I could not concentrate well during the classes. Even a little distraction made me fall into confusion and hence missed some key contents. Luckily, my headteacher noticed that and offered me some suggestions in time. Having attempted some different methods, I eventually performed academically much better and my confidence increased as well.
Through this experience, I have realized that no matter what obstacles we may be faced with later, we should be patient and positive. And only in this way can we be fully rewarded.
【详解】
〖导语〗这篇书面表达是一篇开放性作为。要求考生英语写一篇短文谈一谈疫情期间的经历，体会和感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→take part in
陷入：fall into→be lost in
方法：methods→approaches
最终：eventually→finally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Even a little distraction made me fall into confusion and hence missed some key contents.
拓展句：I missed some key contents because even a little distraction may make me fall into confusion.
【点睛】[高分句型1] During the lockdown period, I had no choice but to stay at home and attend online classes, which brought me a great challenge. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Through this experience, I have realized that no matter what obstacles we may be faced with later, we should be patient and positive. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和no matter what引导的让步状语从句)
七、读后续写
37．【答案】
Mark held the dog figurine and ran out of his house. He headed back down to Henry’s house. After knocking on the door for several times, Henry opened the door once more. Upon seeing Mark for a second time, Henry couldn’t bring his anger under control any longer. “Haven’t I told you I need no magazines at all ” he shouted at Mark. “Yes, sir,” said Mark with an uneasy expression on his face. “But I think you will like the dog figurine.” Then he handed it to Henry. Taking the figurine from Mark’s hands, the lonely soul was so astonished that words failed to convey his emotions, tears welling up in his eyes. “Thank you so much!” Henry said to the boy tenderly.
Mark’s contact and communication with Henry made a difference to Henry’s life and character. From that day on something changed inside the old man. The neighborhood always found the old man hanging out and smiling at everyone. Henry showed his precious collections to children who were now very willing to play with him. He used to collect figurines in memory of a real living dog which had kept him company for a long time before it died. But now, he wasn’t drowned in sorrow and loneliness anymore. He got to realize the true spirit of life in the end.
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，以人物为线索。Mark是一个11岁的小男孩，他想要通过卖杂志来赚取自己的学费。Mark走到了一个独居老人Henry家门前，这位老人性格古怪，家长们都不让孩子们接触他，所以Mark很害怕他，但是为了推销自己的杂志，Mark还是鼓足勇气和Henry攀谈。在聊天中Mark发现Henry喜欢小狗雕像，虽然Henry拒绝购买杂志，但Mark出于同情，回家拿了自己的小狗雕像送给Henry，这让Henry非常感动。从那之后Henry逐渐发生了改变，与邻居们开始友好相处，他意识到了生活的真谛。
【详解】
1、 续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句“Mark抱着小狗雕像跑出了家门。”可知，第一段可以描写Mark敲Henry家的门后发生的情形，Henry一开始很愤怒，但听到Mark的解释后非常感动。
②由续写第二段首句“Mark与Henry的接触和交往，对Henry的生活和性格产生了很大的影响。”可知，第二段可以描写Henry发生的变化，他不再性情怪异，而是友好和邻居们相处，他懂得了生活的真谛。
2、 段落续写：Mark抱着小狗雕像敲Henry家的门——Henry很气愤——Mark解释了说自己想送Henry雕像——Henry很感动——Henry的生活和性格发生了变化
3、 词汇激活
行为类
①控制：bring…under control/keep control/control
②表达：convey/express/deliver
③陪伴：keep pany/accompany
情绪类
①气愤：anger/ rage/ indignation
②不安的：uneasy/unsettled
③惊讶的：astonished/surprised
【点睛】〖高分句型1〗Taking the figurine from Mark’s hands, the lonely soul was so astonished that words failed to convey his emotions, tears welling up in his eyes.(使用了现在分词作状语、so…that…结构引导结果状语从句、不定式作宾语、独立主格结构)
〖高分句型2〗He used to collect figurines in memory of a real living dog which had kept him company for a long time before it died. (使用了used to do结构、which引导定语从句、before引导时间状语从句)
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一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
From the food ingredients, the placing on the plate to the background music and much more, chefs and companies in the UK are planning to change our dining experiences, and the trends in dining out. Entomophagy
This is a proper term for eating insects! Numerous people realize that many of our basic food may disappear in the coming decades and insects can offer people good protein (蛋白质) to replace animal meats, so they believe insects are a good choice. It hasn’t quite happened yet because we all think insects are extremely unpleasant. But, many chefs are already experimenting in the field. A number of top chefs in London are using their cooking creativity to turn something unpleasant into something delicious. Tech at the Table
Digital products will probably become a common part of our food and drink experiences in the near future. We’re going to see things like tablets and computer screens that can tell stories around the food we are eating. We’ll be able to change the color of plates digitally, because we know that colors can change the taste of food or make it look better. The Experimental Meal
The experimental meal is liked by a growing number of people interested in finding new connections between their senses. They think that food is not just what goes into the mouth, but a whole experience. They’re seeing dining — music, lighting, staff uniforms, temperature changes — as a whole meal. They are trying to put different things together instead of having dinner and then going to the theatre, why not bring the two together The same goes for cinema and music.
1．What is the reason for some people to turn to insects for food
A．The better taste of protein from insects. B．The popularity of some chefs in London.
C．The possibility of main food disappearing. D．The performance of some chefs’ experiments.
2．Why is the color of plates changed digitally
A．To make the food healthy. B．To make the food attractive.
C．To make the plate funny. D．To make the plate eco-friendly.
3．Why do some people prefer the experimental meal
A．To connect senses in a new way. B．To bring colorful plates together.
C．To combine food with digital products. D．To carry out technology experiments.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共3小题）
Alex is my regular hiking, ice-climbing, and mountain-biking partner. We were on a one-night trip, and what he brought for dinner was just rice. Literally nothing else.
This was not because he was trying to pack as light as possible, nor was it because he was broke. I tried to convince him to at least add some soy sauce (酱油) to it. But no, Alex wasn’t having any of it. “I don’t need it,” he said simply.
Now, if he was talking only about outdoors’ meals, I almost understood the reason. When you’re ravenous after a day of burning off calories walking or climbing or backcountry skiing in the mountains, how awesome do things taste! Just as the saying goes, hunger is the best sauce. And I agree. Absolutely.
But there’s more to it than that. Last month, I went down the coast car camping with my family. One morning, my wife made a statement. “I don’t see the point,” she said. “It’s so much work, camping. But the views at home are better. The beds are more comfortable. It’s more peaceful. And at home, the food is better.” I’ll admit she’s right about the first three. But the food We had a simple pasta one night, snags another, chicken curry the third, but they all tasted good. Better than at home. And it wasn’t simply that we were hungry; it was because we were camping.
The real point I want to convey is that meals taste particularly good when I’m camping because it reminds me of things that are easily overlooked at home, where I can just go to the cupboard or the supermarket and grab whatever I feel like. When you’re camping, life is reduced to its essentials, and I’m reminded of how privileged most of us are to be dry, warm and fed. More importantly, I’m reminded that, sadly, not everyone is as fortunate as we are. And I’m reminded that, as a society, we should do better for them.
4．Why did Alex bring only rice for dinner on the trip
A．He didn’t like soy sauce. B．He preferred to travel light.
C．He couldn’t afford a better meal. D．He thought simple food enough outdoors.
5．What does the underlined word “ravenous” in the third paragraph mean
A．Exhausted. B．Starving. C．Charming. D．Refreshed.
6．What makes the author sad in the last paragraph
A．Some people lack the basic necessities of life. B．Some people fail to appreciate what they have.
C．People easily forget the beauty of simple things. D．People easily quit camping due to its discomfort.
7．What message does the author want to convey in the passage
A．Camping is a test of adaptability to challenges. B．Camping is a bonding experience for family.
C．Camping is a reminder of our good life. D．Camping is a chance to enjoy a feast.
D
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I
8．What is the recent study mainly about
A．Food safety. B．Movie viewership.
C．Consumer demand. D．Eating behavior.
9．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons.
C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons.
10．Why did the researchers hire the actor
A．To see how she would affect the participants.
B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
11．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
A．How hungry we are. B．How slim we want to be.
C．How we perceive others. D．How we feel about the food．
Maybe you’ve set a New Year’s resolution to get fitter and healthier this year. If so, you’re in good company: statistics show that improving fitness is the number one resolution. Unfortunately, the majority of people find sticking to that resolution difficult. A year on, only about 9% report they’ve stayed with a new exercise plan for the entire 12 months.
Making exercise a consistent, regular habit is hard, especially when you’re balancing a career, family duties, and other demands on your time. A good starting point — or simply a good way to add on to an existing exercise habit — is to integrate movement “snacks” into your routine. These short bursts of activity spread throughout your day can make a difference in how you feel, as well as your overall health.
Research backs this up. A team at McMasters University tested the theory. The study looked into whether simple 20-second bursts of stair climbing, three times each day, performed three days a week, could improve cardiorespiratory (心肺的) fitness. After six weeks, it had, by about 5%. “The changes are modest, but not insignificant,” says coauthor Martin Gibala. While repeated exercise snacks shouldn’t replace a more regular workout routine that includes both cardiovascular (心血管的) and strength training, it can improve your health. It can also serve as an easy entry point to getting fitter in the new year.
One effective way to add movement snacks is by stacking them onto existing habits, like fitting in some movement while waiting for the coffee to prepare. Easy entry points include activities like push-ups, jogging in place, or a quick walk. Engaging large muscle groups to raise your heart rate is key.
All that said, your goal should still be longer, intentional exercise sessions. But as an add-on — or if time for an exercise snack is all you’ve got — you can improve your health. Consider snacks a supplement. It’s a little bite throughout your day that feeds your body.
12．Why does the author mention a New Year’s resolution
A．To highlight the ease of maintaining it. B．To stress the importance of setting goals.
C．To illustrate the challenge of completing it. D．To emphasize the tradition of making promises.
13．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The benefits of a balanced diet. B．The importance of strength training.
C．The effectiveness of exercise snacks. D．The impact of long workout sessions.
14．What does the underlined word “stacking” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Removing. B．Changing. C．Deleting. D．Building.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Short Routines for Better Performance B．Boost Your Health with Micro-Workouts
C．Maximize Results with Intense Workouts D．New Year’s Resolution for Better Health
三、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Research has shown that mindful eating has positive impacts on people, so it’s beneficial to know how to eat more mindfully. Here are some techniques for eating at a healthy pace.
Remove all distractions while you eat. 16 Make sure your cell phone is face down and you’re not going to be responding to any messages that come through.
Take enough time to finish your meal. Even with all distractions removed, very often you still find yourself eating faster than you should. 17 It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full.
18 You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich. One way to slowdown is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal. Ask yourself: What’s on my plate How hungry am I today Is it too salty Notice the smell, the taste and whatever other senses that arise as you eat.
Limit the amount of the food you might munch on(大口吃) mindlessly. Put a small amount of snack food, like potato chips, in a separate bowl to help avoid mindless munching. 19 Putting aside some of the food can help you eat less at a healthier pace.
Actually chew. If you’re wolfing down(狼吞虎咽) your food you’re probably not chewing it. And chewing is an important part of digestion. 20 Look at each bite before putting it into your mouth, acknowledge what you’re eating and chew, chew, chew.
A．Notice all the little details about your food.
B．Limit your time for a meal within 20 minutes.
C．It helps break up the foods so it’s easier for absorption.
D．Watch out for your food intake and the time you spend on it.
E．When you sit down to eat, spend at least 20 minutes doing so.
F．If you have a whole bag of it, it is challenging to stop after several bites.
G．They can limit your ability to enjoy your food and notice when you are full.
四、完形（15空）（本大题共1小题）
More than any other aspect of the climate crisis, it is the over-production of carbon dioxide that has been valued. But nitrogen, and its 21 use in commercial fertilizer, also leads to air pollution and climate change. Evidence suggests their use also contributes to air pollution, increases the rates of cancer and 22 biodiversity, as well as releasing gas (laughing gas).
But nitrogen helps 23 around half the world’s population and remains essential for the foreseeable future. With prices of fertilizer rising, many developing countries don’t 24 it, with resulting threats to food security. The global nitrogen 25 involves both reducing fertilizer use, and getting it to where it’s needed most.
A team of scientists has come up with a five-step plan to solve this 26 problem. Benjamin Houlton, the leader, explains that only by undertaking a 27 approach and combining solutions can the problem be solved on both levels.
The five steps identified involve 28 agricultural practices, getting fertilizer to the places it’s needed, reducing nitrogen pollution and finally, both reducing food waste and promoting a change in diet. The 29 two are essential because approximately one-quarter of all global food produced is wasted along the 30 chain, which means that a large portion of the nitrogen fertilizer 31 to crops is ultimately wasted.
Benjamin admits that adding nitrogen to the list of existing climate woes might cause a sense of exhaustion. 32 he has an encouraging message. “The truth is, nitrogen is a blessing and a 33 ,” he says, “But if you can reduce the spill-overs of nitrogen, you can quickly get systems to return to the 34 state. That makes it very different from CO2. We lock in 30 to 50 years of climate impacts every time we send out a molecule of CO2 into the air. But with nitrogen you can get 35 returns on investment.”
21．A．positive B．favorable C．collective D．abundant
22．A．promotes B．descends C．reduces D．expands
23．A．shelter B．feed C．rescue D．adjust
24．A．take account of B．take charge of C．look up to D．have access to
25．A．advantage B．concept C．challenge D．composition
26．A．two-sided B．self-contradictory C．not-so-distant D．energy-consuming
27．A．respectable B．comprehensive C．substantial D．crucial
28．A．transforming B．exercising C．depriving D．concealing
29．A．former B．latter C．prior D．rare
30．A．supply B．demand C．wrapping D．advertising
31．A．applied B．adapted C．addressed D．appealed
32．A．Therefore B．Furthermore C．Nevertheless D．Likewise
33．A．toast B．curse C．fault D．trick
34．A．original B．preferable C．traditional D．disposable
35．A．plentiful B．visual C．mutual D．immediate
五、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
In Japan, Chen Jianyi was a household name. He devoted his life to cooking and adapting the hot and spicy Chinese dish for Japanese56(customer). His career and life even inspired a Japanese artist57(create)Cooking Master Boy, a household cartoon58became a common childhood memory among the Japanese born in the 1980s and 1990s.
In 1952, Chen’s father moved to Japan. 6 years59(late), he opened the first Sichuan cuisine restaurant in Tokyo. Then he set up an “Institute of Chinese Cuisine”60the help of his wife. It has trained 15,000 chefs, making a great61(contribute) to the spread of Chinese food in Japan.
In 1990, Chen took over the Sichuan restaurant at62age of 34 after his father’s death. He improved their family’s signature dish (招牌菜) even further to give it a “spicy and63(slight) sweet taste.” In a cooking competition in 1993, he broke a record and64(claim) the title of “First Chef of Chinese Food” in Japan.
Sadly, chef Chen passed away in March, 2023. The news of his death made media headlines in Japan. It shows just how much the Japanese love the dish he cooked and Chinese cuisine, and how food culture has played an important role in promoting communication and65(culture) exchanges.
六、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
36．任何人生活或学习中都会遇到困难, 尤其在这个严重疫情期间。请你以“My Meaningful Experience during the Pandemic”为题, 用英语写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括: 1. 你的经历； 2. 体会和感想。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；2. 短文题日和首句已为你写好。
My Meaningful Experience during the Pandemic
As we grow up, we are bound to meet with some obstacles in life.
七、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
37．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mark was a 11-year-old boy. One day he was selling magazines for his school fees, walking up to a house that people rarely visited. The house was very old and shabby and the owner hardly ever came out. When he did come out, he would not say hello to his neighbors or passers-by but simply just glared at(怒视) them. It was said that the old man’s name was Henry.
Mark knocked on the door and waited, sweating due to fear of the old man. Mark’s parents told him to stay away from the house, and a lot of other neighborhood children were told the same thing by their parents.
Dusk found Mark wandering and hesitating(犹豫) what to do. As he was ready to walk away, the door slowly opened: “Why are you standing here ” the old man Henry said impatiently. Mark was very afraid but he had to sell a certain number of magazines for his school fees... So he got up the courage and said, “Uh, sir, I am selling these magazines and, uh, I was wondering if you would like to buy one from me.”
Henry just stared at Mark without saying a word. Mark could see that Henry had dog figurines(小雕像) on the shelves inside his house. “Do you collect dog figurines ” Mark asked. “Yes, I have many collections in my house. They are my family here and they are all I have.” Mark then felt sorry for Henry, as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul.
“Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors. It is perfect for you. I also have one about dogs since you like dogs so much.” Henry was ready to close the door on the boy and said, “No, boy. I don’t need any magazines of any kind, now goodbye.”
Mark was sad that he was not going to achieve his goal of selling a certain number of magazines. He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the house that he owned. Mark went home and then had an idea. He had a little dog figurine that he had got some years before from an aunt. The figurine did not mean so much to him since he had a real living dog and a large family.
注意：1、续写词数应为150左右；
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mark held the dog figurine and ran out of his house.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Mark’s contact and communication with Henry made a difference to Henry’s life and character.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些新的就餐趋势。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Numerous people realize that many of our basic food may disappear in the coming decades and insects can offer people good protein (蛋白质) to replace animal meats, so they believe insects are a good choice.(许多人意识到我们的许多基本食物可能在未来几十年消失，昆虫可以为人们提供良好的蛋白质来代替动物肉类，所以他们认为昆虫是一个很好的选择)”可知，有些人以昆虫为食的原因是主要食物消失的可能性。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“We’ll be able to change the color of plates digitally, because we know that colors can change the taste of food or make it look better.(我们将能够用数字技术改变盘子的颜色，因为我们知道颜色可以改变食物的味道，或者让它看起来更好)”可知，底片的颜色用数码来改变是为了使食物有吸引力。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The experimental meal is liked by a growing number of people interested in finding new connections between their senses. They think that food is not just what goes into the mouth, but a whole experience. They’re seeing dining—music, lighting, staff uniforms, temperature changes—as a whole meal.(越来越多的人对寻找感官之间的新联系感兴趣，他们喜欢这种实验性的食物。他们认为食物不仅仅是吃进嘴里的东西，而是一种完整的体验。他们把用餐——音乐、灯光、员工制服、温度变化——看作是一顿完整的饭)”可知，有些人更喜欢实验餐是为了以一种新的方式连接感官。故选A。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者与同伴Alex户外旅行的饮食经历，以及和家人露营时对食物的感悟，揭示了露营能让人重新审视生活，意识到自身的幸运，并唤起对社会弱势群体的关怀，强调露营是对美好生活的一种深刻提醒。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“But no, Alex wasn’t having any of it. “I don’t need it,” he said simply.(但不，亚历克斯根本不接受我的建议。“我不需要它，”他简单地说道)”可知，Alex认为在户外简单的食物就足够了，不需要复杂的调味或更多的食物。故选D。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“after a day of burning off calories walking or climbing or backcountry skiing in the mountains(在进行了一整天的步行、登山或在山区进行越野滑雪等消耗卡路里的运动之后)”可知，在户外活动一天后，人们消耗了大量卡路里，感到非常饿的状态。故“ravenous”表示极度饥饿，因此选项B “Starving（饥饿的）”是正确的。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you’re camping, life is reduced to its essentials, and I’m reminded of how privileged most of us are to be dry, warm and fed. More importantly, I’m reminded that, sadly, not everyone is as fortunate as we are. And I’m reminded that, as a society, we should do better for them.(当你在露营时，生活就变得极其简单纯粹了。这让我想起我们大多数人是多么幸运能够保持干爽、温暖并且有食物可吃。更重要的是，这让我意识到，令人遗憾的是，并非所有人都像我们这般幸运。而且我还意识到，作为一个社会，我们应该为他们做得更好)”可知，作者感到难过的是，有些人缺乏基本的生活必需品。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When you’re camping, life is reduced to its essentials, and I’m reminded of how privileged most of us are to be dry, warm and fed. More importantly, I’m reminded that, sadly, not everyone is as fortunate as we are. And I’m reminded that, as a society, we should do better for them.(当你在露营时，生活就变得极其简单纯粹了。这让我想起我们大多数人是多么幸运能够保持干爽、温暖并且有食物可吃。更重要的是，这让我意识到，令人遗憾的是，并非所有人都像我们这般幸运。而且我还意识到，作为一个社会，我们应该为他们做得更好)”可知，选项C“露营是一种提醒人们所拥有的美好生活的方式”是作者想通过文字传递的信息。故选C。
【答案】
8．D；
9．D；
10．A；
11．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了一项关于就餐同伴的体形和饮食习惯会影响人们食物摄入量的研究，结果表明，人们对他人体形和食量的看法会影响自己的饮食行为。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.可知，该研究主要是关于就餐同伴的体形和饮食习惯对人们食物摄入量的影响，属于饮食行为的范畴，故选D项。
9．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前半部分中的contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions可知，与现有的研究，即避免和食量大的超重人士一起吃饭相反，你真正应该避免的是与大食量的beanpoles一起吃饭；根据其中的contrary to并结合后文内容可推断，beanpoles的意思应与heavier people的意思相反，故D项符合语境，意为“瘦高个子”。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中的To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.可知，该实验的目的是测试社会因素对人们饮食习惯的影响；而根据后文内容可知，被雇用的演员分别打扮成很胖和很瘦的样子去拿大量的食物，研究人员据此分析实验参与者的食物摄入情况。由此推断，研究人员雇这位演员的目的是观察她会对实验参与者产生怎样的影响。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit… If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I？可知，我们会因为对就餐同伴的看法而调节对方对自己的饮食行为的影响，若对方太胖又吃得太多，人们可能会“引以为戒”；若相反，很瘦的人胃口很大，人们则会效仿。故C项符合语境。
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．D 15．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了如何通过短暂的“运动零食”改善健康。
【详解】12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Maybe you’ve set a New Year’s resolution to get fitter and healthier this year. If so, you’re in good company: statistics show that improving fitness is the number one resolution. Unfortunately, the majority of people find sticking to that resolution difficult. A year on, only about 9% report they’ve stayed with a new exercise plan for the entire 12 months. (也许你已经制定了一个新年计划，今年要变得更苗条的、更健康。如果是这样，那么你是在一个好公司：统计数据显示，改善健康是头号决心。不幸的是，大多数人发现坚持这个决心很困难。一年过去了，只有9%的人表示他们在一整年里都坚持了一项新的锻炼计划。)”可知虽然许多人设定了健身目标，但很难持续执行，只有少数人能够坚持下去。通过引用统计数据，作者说明了维持健身决心的困难，故推断提到新年健身决心是为了展示这一目标的挑战性。故选C项。
13．主旨大意题。 第三段讲述了麦克马斯特大学的一个团队测试了每天三次、每次20秒爬楼梯（一周进行三天）是否能改善心肺健康，六周后心肺健康提高了约5%， 并且根据研究人员所说“The changes are modest, but not insignificant (变化不大，但并非微不足道)”可知，本段主要是在说明运动“零食”（短时间的运动）的有效性，“运动零食的有效性”最符合段落主题。故选C项。
14．词句猜测题。根据第四段“One effective way to add movement snacks is by stacking them onto existing habits, like fitting in some movement while waiting for the coffee to prepare. (添加运动“零食”的一个有效方法是将它们……到现有的习惯中，比如在等咖啡煮好的时候进行一些运动。)”这里是说把运动“零食”融入现有的习惯，“build...onto...”有“在……之上建立；把……添加到……”的意思。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了将短时间的运动（运动“零食”）融入日常生活对健康有益，虽然不能替代常规的锻炼，但可以作为改善健康的一个切入点。B选项“通过微锻炼提升你的健康”准确反映了文章的主题，适合作标题。故选B项。
三、七选五阅读
【答案】16．G 17．E 18．A 19．F 20．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些健康饮食的技巧。
【解析】16．根据上文“Remove all distractions while you eat. (吃饭时排除一切干扰。)”可知，本句承接上文说明“吃饭时排除一切干扰”这么做的原因。故G选项“它们会限制你享受食物的能力，也会限制你注意到自己已经吃饱了。”符合语境，故选G。
17．根据上文“Take enough time to finish your meal. Even with all distractions removed, very often you still find yourself eating faster than you should. (花足够的时间吃完你的饭。即使排除了所有的干扰，你仍然经常发现自己吃得比你应该吃的快。)”以及后文“It takes about that time for your body to get the signal to the brain that you are full. (大约需要这段时间，你的身体才会向大脑发出你吃饱了的信号。)”可知，本句主要针对吃饭花费的时间提出建议。故E选项“当你坐下来吃饭时，至少花20分钟这样做。”符合语境，故选E。
18．根据本段内容“You might wonder how to spend 20 whole minutes eating a sandwich. One way to slowdown is to engage your senses and think through all the details about your meal. Ask yourself: What’s on my plate How hungry am I today Is it too salty Notice the smell, the taste and whatever other senses that arise as you eat. (你可能想知道如何花整整20分钟吃一个三明治。放慢速度的一种方法是调动你的感官，仔细考虑你吃饭的所有细节。问问你自己：我的盘子里有什么？我今天有多饿？是不是太咸了？注意你吃东西时产生的气味、味道和其他感觉。)”可知，后文提到注意你吃东西时产生的气味、味道和其他感觉，即建议注意食物的细节。故A选项“注意食物的所有细节。”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据上文“Put a small amount of snack food, like potato chips, in a separate bowl to help avoid mindless munching. (把少量的零食，如薯片，放在一个单独的碗里，以帮助避免无意识地咀嚼。)”可知，上文建议把零食单独放在一个碗里，可知本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因。故F选项“如果你有一整袋，吃几口就停止是很困难的。”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据上文“And chewing is an important part of digestion. (咀嚼是消化的重要组成部分。)”可知，上文提到了咀嚼的重要性，可知本句说明咀嚼的作用。故C选项“它有助于分解食物，这样更容易被吸收。”符合语境，故选C。
四、完形（15空）
【答案】
21．D
22．C
23．B
24．D
25．C
26．A
27．B
28．A
29．B
30．A
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【详解】
〖导语〗这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家提出五步计划来解决氮的双面问题，即氮对空气的污染和对提高粮食产量的重要作用；
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是氮，以及它在商业化肥中的大量使用，也会导致空气污染和气候变化。A. positive积极的；B. favorable有利的，赞许的；C. collective集体的，共同的；D. abundant大量的，丰富的。根据后文“their use also contributes to air pollution, increases the rates of cancer and reduces biodiversity, as well as releasing gas (laughing gas).”可知氮的使用对环境的消极影响很多，因此是氮在商业化肥中有大量的使用。故选D项；
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，它们的使用还会造成空气污染，增加癌症发病率，减少生物多样性，以及释放气体(笑气)。 A. promotes促进，提升；B. descends下降； C. reduces减少； D. expands扩大，增加。根据前文“ its abundant use in commercial fertilizer, also leads to air pollution and climate change.”可知氮的使用导致环境污染和气候变化，那么生物生存的自然环境被改变了，生物多样性也就减少了。故选C项；
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但氮帮助养活了世界上大约一半的人口，在可预见的未来仍是必不可少的。A. shelter掩蔽，收容；B. feed喂养；C. rescue援救；D. adjust调整。根据前文连词But,表示转折，上一段说明氮的消极影响，那么本段说明氮的积极影响，结合后文提到的人口，可知氮帮助养活了世界上约一半人口。故选B项；
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着化肥价格的上涨，许多发展中国家无法获得化肥，从而对粮食安全构成威胁。A. take account of考虑到；B. take charge of负责；C. look up to尊敬；D. have access to使用，接近，可以利用。根据前文“With prices of fertilizer rising”和后文“with resulting threats to food security”可知化肥价格上涨，粮食安全受到威胁，可知许多发展中国家没有化肥。故选D项；
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球氮的挑战既包括减少化肥的使用，也包括把化肥运到最需要的地方。 A. advantage优势；B. concept概念；C. challenge 挑战；D. composition成分，作品。根据下文文“ both reducing fertilizer use, and getting it to where it’s needed most.” 可知全球氮的挑战既包括减少化肥的使用，也包括把化肥运到最需要的地方。故选C项；
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一组科学家提出了一个五步计划来解决这个双面问题。A. two-sided两方面的；B. self-contradictory自相矛盾的；C. not-so-distant不远的；D. energy-consuming耗能的，费精力的。根据前文提到的氮问题面临的挑战，即氮的过渡使用和有些地方没有氮，可知这是一个双面问题。故选A项；
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：领导者Benjamin Houlton解释说，只有采取全面的方法，结合解决方案，才能在两个层面上解决问题。 A. respectable值得尊重的，体面的；B. comprehensive综合性的，全面的； C. substantial大量的，基本的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据前文提到的氮面临的双面问题可知需要采取全面的解决办法以解决问题。故选B项；
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：确定的五个步骤包括改变农业做法，将肥料运送到需要的地方，减少氮污染，最后，减少食物浪费和促进饮食的改变。A. transforming转变；B. exercising运动，练习；C. depriving夺去；D. concealing隐藏，掩饰。根据首段提到的氮在商业化肥中的过渡使用导致了很多环境问题，因此需要改变农业做法，以减少氮在商业化肥中的使用。故选A项；
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后两者至关重要，因为全球约四分之一的粮食生产在供应链上被浪费了，这意味着用于作物的大部分氮肥最终被浪费了。 A. former前者的；B. latter 后者的；C. prior先前的，事先的；D. rare 稀有的。根据句后文“approximately one-quarter of all global food produced is wasted”可知全球约四分之一的粮食生产被浪费，因此前文提到的五个步骤中，后面两个与食物浪费和饮食有关的步骤最为重要。故选B项；
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后两者至关重要，因为全球约四分之一的粮食生产在供应链上被浪费了，这意味着用于作物的大部分氮肥最终被浪费了。 A. supply 供应；B. demand需求；C. wrapping包装；D. advertising广告。根据前文提到的粮食被浪费，结合空后的chain,可知是供应链食物被浪费了。故选A项；
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后两者至关重要，因为全球约四分之一的粮食生产在供应链上被浪费了，这意味着用于作物的大部分氮肥最终被浪费了。 A. applied应用；B. adapted适应；C. addressed 演说，解决；D. appealed呼吁，上诉，吸引。根据前文提到的粮食浪费，结合fertilizer可知是被应用到庄稼上的氮化肥被浪费了。故选A项；
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是传达了一个鼓舞人心的信息。A. Therefore因此；B. Furthermore 此外；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Likewise同样地。根据前文“Benjamin admits that adding nitrogen to the list of existing climate woes might cause a sense of exhaustion.”可知，在现有的气候灾难中增加氮可能会导致资源枯竭，结合后文“he has an encouraging message. ”可知前后是转折关系。故选C项；
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说:“事实是，氮是一种祸根，也是一种良药。A. toast 烤面包片，庆祝；B. curse祸根，诅咒；C. fault错误，责任；D. trick技巧，花招。根据前文提到的增加的消极影响，和后文令人鼓舞的信息，可知Benjamin认为氮既是导致问题的原因（祸根），也可以解决问题的办法（福音）。故选B项；
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你能减少氮的溢出，你就能迅速使系统恢复到原始状态。A. original原始的；B. preferable更好的，更合适的；C. traditional传统的；D. disposable一次性的。根据前文“ if you can reduce the spill-overs of nitrogen”可知，如果解决氮的过渡使用，那么引起的环境问题也能解决，即使生态系统就可以回到原始状态。故选A项；
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对于氮，你可以立即获得投资回报。” A. plentiful丰富的；B. visual视觉的；C. mutual相互的；D. immediate立刻的。根据前文“We lock in 30 to 50 years of climate impacts every time we send out a molecule of CO2 into the air. ”可知我们每向空气中排放一分子二氧化碳，就会锁定30到50年的气候影响，即CO2的影响是漫长的，根据后文But，表示转折，可知氮给我们的回报是快速的。故选D项。
五、语篇
【答案】
36． customers
37． to create
38． which/that
39． later
40． with
41． contribution
42． the
43． slightly
44． claimed
45．cultural
【分析】
本文是记叙文。主要讲述了华裔厨师陈建一使中国美食在日本广泛传播的事情。
【详解】
36． 考查名词的数。句意：他一生致力于为日本顾客烹饪和改良辛辣的中国菜。此处应用名词customer作宾语，为可数名词，前面无冠词，应用复数表示泛指，故填customers。
37． 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的职业生涯和生活甚至启发了一位日本艺术家创作了一部家喻户晓的卡通片《烹饪大师男孩》 ，这部卡通片成为了80年代和90年代出生的日本人共同的童年记忆。inspire sb. to do sth.固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to create。
38． 考查定语从句。句意：他的职业生涯和生活甚至启发了一位日本艺术家创作了一部家喻户晓的卡通片《烹饪大师男孩》 ，这部卡通片成为了80年代和90年代出生的日本人共同的童年记忆。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a household cartoon，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，故填which/that。
39． 考查副词。句意：6年后，他在东京开了第一家川菜馆。时间+later，表示“多久之后”，故填later。
40． 考查介词。句意：然后他在妻子的帮助下成立了“中国烹饪学院”。with the help of sb.固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”，故填with。
41． 考查名词。句意：它培养了15000名厨师，为中国菜在日本的传播做出了巨大贡献。此处应用名词作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填contribution。
42． 考查冠词。句意：1990年，34岁的陈在父亲去世后接管了这家四川餐厅。at the age of固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”，故填the。
43． 考查副词。句意：他进一步改进了他们家的招牌菜，使其具有“辛辣而略带甜味”。此处应用副词slightly修饰形容词sweet，故填slightly。
44． 考查时态。句意：在1993年的一次烹饪比赛中，他打破了一项记录，并在日本赢得了“中国菜第一厨师”的称号。此处在句中作谓语，和broke是并列谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填claimed。
45．考查形容词。句意：它表明了日本人是多么热爱他烹饪的菜肴和中国菜，以及饮食文化如何在促进沟通和文化交流方面发挥了重要作用。此处应用形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词exchanges，故填cultural。
六、应用文写作
36．【答案】My Meaningful Experience during the Pandemic
As we grow up, we are bound to meet with some obstacles in life. During the lockdown period, I had no choice but to stay at home and attend online classes, which brought me a great challenge. I could not concentrate well during the classes. Even a little distraction made me fall into confusion and hence missed some key contents. Luckily, my headteacher noticed that and offered me some suggestions in time. Having attempted some different methods, I eventually performed academically much better and my confidence increased as well.
Through this experience, I have realized that no matter what obstacles we may be faced with later, we should be patient and positive. And only in this way can we be fully rewarded.
【详解】
〖导语〗这篇书面表达是一篇开放性作为。要求考生英语写一篇短文谈一谈疫情期间的经历，体会和感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→take part in
陷入：fall into→be lost in
方法：methods→approaches
最终：eventually→finally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Even a little distraction made me fall into confusion and hence missed some key contents.
拓展句：I missed some key contents because even a little distraction may make me fall into confusion.
【点睛】[高分句型1] During the lockdown period, I had no choice but to stay at home and attend online classes, which brought me a great challenge. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Through this experience, I have realized that no matter what obstacles we may be faced with later, we should be patient and positive. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和no matter what引导的让步状语从句)
七、读后续写
37．【答案】
Mark held the dog figurine and ran out of his house. He headed back down to Henry’s house. After knocking on the door for several times, Henry opened the door once more. Upon seeing Mark for a second time, Henry couldn’t bring his anger under control any longer. “Haven’t I told you I need no magazines at all ” he shouted at Mark. “Yes, sir,” said Mark with an uneasy expression on his face. “But I think you will like the dog figurine.” Then he handed it to Henry. Taking the figurine from Mark’s hands, the lonely soul was so astonished that words failed to convey his emotions, tears welling up in his eyes. “Thank you so much!” Henry said to the boy tenderly.
Mark’s contact and communication with Henry made a difference to Henry’s life and character. From that day on something changed inside the old man. The neighborhood always found the old man hanging out and smiling at everyone. Henry showed his precious collections to children who were now very willing to play with him. He used to collect figurines in memory of a real living dog which had kept him company for a long time before it died. But now, he wasn’t drowned in sorrow and loneliness anymore. He got to realize the true spirit of life in the end.
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，以人物为线索。Mark是一个11岁的小男孩，他想要通过卖杂志来赚取自己的学费。Mark走到了一个独居老人Henry家门前，这位老人性格古怪，家长们都不让孩子们接触他，所以Mark很害怕他，但是为了推销自己的杂志，Mark还是鼓足勇气和Henry攀谈。在聊天中Mark发现Henry喜欢小狗雕像，虽然Henry拒绝购买杂志，但Mark出于同情，回家拿了自己的小狗雕像送给Henry，这让Henry非常感动。从那之后Henry逐渐发生了改变，与邻居们开始友好相处，他意识到了生活的真谛。
【详解】
1、 续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句“Mark抱着小狗雕像跑出了家门。”可知，第一段可以描写Mark敲Henry家的门后发生的情形，Henry一开始很愤怒，但听到Mark的解释后非常感动。
②由续写第二段首句“Mark与Henry的接触和交往，对Henry的生活和性格产生了很大的影响。”可知，第二段可以描写Henry发生的变化，他不再性情怪异，而是友好和邻居们相处，他懂得了生活的真谛。
2、 段落续写：Mark抱着小狗雕像敲Henry家的门——Henry很气愤——Mark解释了说自己想送Henry雕像——Henry很感动——Henry的生活和性格发生了变化
3、 词汇激活
行为类
①控制：bring…under control/keep control/control
②表达：convey/express/deliver
③陪伴：keep pany/accompany
情绪类
①气愤：anger/ rage/ indignation
②不安的：uneasy/unsettled
③惊讶的：astonished/surprised
【点睛】〖高分句型1〗Taking the figurine from Mark’s hands, the lonely soul was so astonished that words failed to convey his emotions, tears welling up in his eyes.(使用了现在分词作状语、so…that…结构引导结果状语从句、不定式作宾语、独立主格结构)
〖高分句型2〗He used to collect figurines in memory of a real living dog which had kept him company for a long time before it died. (使用了used to do结构、which引导定语从句、before引导时间状语从句)
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