2025--2026年高一北师版必修第二册英语 Unit 4--Unit5 单元基础综合练习试卷【含解析答案

2025--2026年高一北师版必修第二册英语 Unit 4--Unit5 单元基础综合练习试卷【含答案无听力】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
7-Day Tour from London to Edinburgh
A London guide will show you the city’s famous landmarks like Buckingham Palace, Downing Street and Westminster Abbey. Then, in Edinburgh, you’ll tour the castle and see Scotland’s Crown Jewels. From the historical sights to the beautiful scenery, this guided tour of England and Scotland is a great way to experience everything Britain has to offer.
Starting at: $849 per person
9-Day Tour from Dublin to London
Your guided tour of Ireland and Britain begins in the capital city of Dublin. Enjoy seeing the “Fair City”, including the statue-lined O’Connell Street, Trinity College, and St. Patrick’s Cathedral. Your local guide will show you the famous sights, including the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace. This guided tour of Ireland and Britain is a welcome escape with fewer crowds and lower costs than high-season tours.
Starting at: $1069 per person
7-Day Tour from London to Paris
Your guided vacation in London begins with a welcome dinner and a cruise on the Thames River to admire the Tower Bridge and the Houses of Parliament. You’ll spend three nights in London to see the sites of this historic city—from Big Ben to Buckingham Palace, and also St. Paul’s Cathedral. Then you’ll enjoy a 3-night stay in Paris. This includes sightseeing at the Arc de Triomphe, Concorde Square, Champs-Elysees, and a Seine cruise. This guided tour of London and Paris is certain to be enjoyable with fewer crowds in the off-season!
Starting at: $1149 per person
1．How much would a couple pay for the 7-day tour from London to Edinburgh
A．$849. B．$1149. C．$1698. D．$2138.
2．Which place can you visit if you take the 9-day tour from Dublin to London
A．Downing Street. B．Trinity College. C．The Thames River. D．Concorde Square.
3．What do the three tours have in common
A．They are all guided tours for visitors.
B．People will spend the same amount of time.
C．They all begin in the capital city of London.
D．People can enjoy the same number of sights.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共3小题）
The last time my husband and I went out for an elegant restaurant dinner, the server came to our table and began to recite a long list of specials, with detailed descriptions of how the dishes were made and where the ingredients had been sourced. Her recitation went on and on, and as she spoke, I became almost more interested in how she could remember all those descriptions than I was in thinking about the food. Meanwhile, I couldn’t remember where I’d put my keys before we left for the restaurant.
The good news is that not remembering where you put your keys is generally not a sign of dementia (老年痴呆). And on the contrary, being able to remember a long list of restaurant specials isn’t necessarily a sign of extraordinary mental ability, either. Memory is far more complicated than the dining out experience could ever show. While most of us are terrified about developing dementia, fewer than 10% of adults aged 65 and older will wind up with dementia such as Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默症).
“Some memory loss is normal as people age.” says Joel Salinas, a behavioral neurologist. “It’s not the kind of decline that interferes with the ability to live your life.” And, he adds, “There are areas that actually improve with age. Vocabulary is one.”
Jessica Zwerling, a director of the Center of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease, compares the effect of aging on memory to kind of like getting traffic on the brain. “It may take longer to find a word; it may come to you later. The speed of processing can go down, but your hippocampus, the part of the brain most associated with memory, should be functioning.” And the memories themselves are stored in various sections of the cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the brain. “Memory is all these different brain networks working in concert with each other,” says Dr. Salinas.
4．Why does the author mention the dining out experience in the first paragraph
A．To clarify the distinct differences. B．To introduce her awkward situation.
C．To teach readers how to recite menus. D．To highlight the complexity of memory.
5．What does the underlined phrase “interferes with” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Promote. B．Limit. C．Mix. D．Acquire.
6．What can we know about aged people with memory loss according to the text
A．They act like an Alzheimer’s patient.
B．They can’t live a normal life independently.
C．They are sure to suffer dementia some day.
D．They may recall some forgotten words after a while.
7．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The mechanism of memory loss in brain. B．The brain parts in charge of memorizing.
C．The procedures of memory experiments. D．The result of losing memory in brain.
You know exercise is heart smart and good for you. But do you really know how much physical activity you’re getting Studies show that using a fitness tracker-a device that tracks your movement—can increase your steps per day by more than a mile.
“Fitness trackers are a great tool for heart health,” says cardiologist (心脏病医生) Seth Martin. “Being more active and changing your habits is important but difficult. Tracking likely helps people when combined with a clear goal to shoot for.”
Having an objective daily record can open people’s eyes to how little exercise they’re getting, Martin says, which can recalibrate their mindset (心态) and get motivated. People find ways to incorporate (融入) more activities into their day, walking during meetings, or simply taking the stairs instead of an elevator. “Fitness tracking gives people information and enables them to start making changes for heart health,” Martin says.
Try a few trackers until you find one that’s comfortable for you and your budget. Martin suggests, “Once you’ve made a match, you can try the next steps: Use the tracker consistently every day. Set a goal and then find activities you enjoy that also fit into your daily life and can be sustained over the long term. Finally, encourage friends and family to use trackers as well. It can create a social support network and even foster a sense of competition. Follow these tips, and you’ll be on your way to a healthier lifestyle and a healthier heart.”
So be ready, as doctors learn and introduce even better ways to use these devices. In a randomized clinical trial, Martin and his colleagues tested an automated, real-time, personalized program that sent coaching text messages to cardiology patients based on data from a wearable device paired with their phone. Over the short term, this coaching system helped increase step counts by over a mile a day beyond tracking alone. “I think technology can be a very powerful tool to get people moving more,” says Martin.
8．According to paragraphs 1-2, what do people fail to do when exercising
A．Integrate movement into work. B．Maintain a daily exercise schedule.
C．Kick improper habits of exercising. D．Monitor the amount of physical activity.
9．What does the underlined word “recalibrate” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Adjust. B．Abandon. C．Strengthen. D．Evaluate.
10．What does Martin suggest people do
A．Encourage the family to attend competitions.
B．Take exercise under the guidance of a coach.
C．Purchase a proper device and use it every day.
D．Consult a doctor and decide on suitable activities.
11．What does Martin think of the future of fitness trackers
A．Uncertain. B．Promising. C．Doubtful. D．Sustainable.
The newest, hottest power couple doesn’t live in Hollywood. It’s actually the marriage of solar panels and reservoirs(水库): Known as floatovoltaics, these devices on simple floats(浮体) generate power while shading the water below.
The primary advantage of the technology is that no trees need to be cleared for solar farms. As an added bonus, the water cools the panels, increasing their efficiency. Research shows that floatovoltaics on just a small share of global lakes and reservoirs could meet nearly a third of the US’s annual electricity demand.
As floatovoltaic systems expand, with the market expected to grow 23% annually from 2025 to 2030, scientists are studying their impact on ecosystems. “We shouldn’t be expanding clean energy at the cost of biodiversity loss,” warns Elisa Stephens, a researcher at the University of California, Davis. “This is a great opportunity to increase our research and develop smart designs and better siting practices to have this happy marriage between a healthy, biodiverse ecosystem and renewable energy expansion.”
Most floatovoltaics are placed on reservoirs. When paired with the existing water power plants, the panels can generate additional daytime power. This combination can make up for seasonal drops in water or sunlight, ensuring a more stable yearly output.
Though artificial, reservoirs host lots of water life that floatovoltaics can interact with. Would this bring risks or benefits “Our customers have seen migrating(迁徙的) birds feeding and resting on the floats,” reports Chris Bachman of a leading floatovoltaics company.
Ecological considerations get trickier where there are unforeseen knock-on effects. Experiments show that shading from panels can slow the growth of algae that fish eat and also reduce harmful algae, affecting the food chain. Floats can hide fish from birds that hunt them but may also serve as safe habitats for these birds. “We need to monitor for long periods to understand the big picture,” says freshwater ecologist Simpson Cardoso.
Scientists and companies are discussing wider spacing between panels and avoiding construction during waterbirds’ sensitive periods, such as migration and nesting. “There can definitely be that kind of ecological balance,” says Stephens.
12．How does the author introduce floatovoltaics
A．By giving a technical definition. B．By explaining how they work.
C．By relating them to a married couple. D．By describing a popular movie scene.
13．What is scientists’ major concern about floatovoltaics
A．Their influence on ecosystems and biodiversity. B．Their seasonal changes in power output.
C．Their high cost of construction and maintenance. D．Their competition against traditional solar farms.
14．Why does the author quote Chris Bachman in paragraph 5
A．To provide evidence of customer satisfaction. B．To show a potential benefit of floatovoltaics.
C．To note the complexity of ecological interactions. D．To draw attention to protecting migrating birds.
15．What are scientists focusing on
A．Conducting the application of wider panels. B．Developing smarter designs and practices.
C．Proving the existence of ecological balance. D．Avoiding constructions on waterbird habitats.
三、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Do We Really Need Cash Anymore
Most of us don’t consider forests a source of pollution. 16 But a recent study in Japan shows that some plantations (种植园), especially older cedar and cypress plantations (雪松和柏树林) are causing as much pollution as a poorly managed agricultural field or urban setting. According to Masaaki Chiwa, the lead author of the study, the pollution is not the fault of the trees. 17 In Japan, as in other countries, natural forests usually play a significant role in maintaining water quality.
“Many Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress plantations were established in the 1950s and 1960s — 60% of those on private land,” according to Chiwa. “These are not natural forests. 18 ”
At the time of their planting, there was a short supply of these trees. However, an increase in imports of other woods has affected prices of Japanese cedar and cypress and led to the decline in active plantation management. 19
These older plantations are now a source of non-point nitrogen pollution according to the study. “Non-point” pollution comes from a more widespread area, such as these plantations. The nitrogen is flowing from the plantations during rainfalls or snow melts into nearby bodies of water, causing algae blooms.
20 Just like in a natural forest, needles fall from the aging trees and accumulate on the plantation floor. This is part of Mother Nature’s way of recycling nutrients. Earthworms and soil microbes decompose the needles and return the nutrients to the soil. Younger growth nearby finishes the process and takes up the nutrients.
A．It’s the management of the plantations.
B．Sometimes such pollution is easily ignored.
C．Where does all this nitrogen come from
D．They were meant for commercial purposes.
E．The result was overcrowded land with aging trees.
F．As natural bodies, they should be good for the environment.
G．The age of the trees in these plantations means they are growing more slowly.
四、完形（15空）（本大题共1小题）
The Bad Luck Theory
Murphy’s law states: “If anything can go wrong, it will.”
You just washed your car, and it started raining. Is this only bad luck or is it Murphy’s law at work
21 situations occur all the time. When you get into a line at the supermarket, you find you’ve 22 the slowest one, and it just doesn’t move. When you’re in a hurry to open the door and you 23 several keys on the key ring, the last one is usually the one that 24 . Is it bad luck or does it happen only by chance British physicist Robert Mathews thinks it’s neither one nor the other. He explains that people tend to 25 the bad things more readily than the things that usually work out, and the law of probability is more against us than in our 26 .
Mathews became a popular scientist when he proved that a piece of toast doesn’t 27 fall on the floor on the buttered side. According to the 28 , half fell on the buttered side, and half didn’t.
Now here’s a 29 question for Dr. Mathews. It’s a known 30 that cats always fall on their four legs. What happens if you tie a piece of buttered toast on a cat’s 31 and drop it from a balcony Will the cat land on all fours, 32 will the toast land on the buttered side
Just remember that you cannot 33 Murphy’s law for everything that goes wrong. If your car breaks down on the way, it’s probably because you didn’t have it 34 or repaired. If the hot water runs out while you’re having a 35 it’s probably because the burner needs to be fixed.
21．A．General B．Strange C．Unusual D．Similar
22．A．stood B．chosen C．crossed D．drawn
23．A．try B．turn C．find D．remove
24．A．fits B．changes C．works D．suits
25．A．throw B．collect C．forget D．remember
26．A．advantage B．agreement C．favor D．support
27．A．regularly B．quickly C．necessarily D．directly
28．A．experiment B．agreement C．fiction D．prediction
29．A．tricky B．ridiculous C．familiar D．contemporary
30．A．theory B．story C．fact D．opinion
31．A．legs B．ears C．stomach D．back
32．A．and B．or C．so D．but
33．A．blame B．thank C．design D．spare
34．A．cleaned B．serviced C．started D．measured
35．A．shower B．rest C．dinner D．swim
五、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Weight management has stimulated widespread interest in China, prompting various regions to take diverse measures and establish specialized clinics. Striking data shows that 19% of minors 36 (age) 6-17 and 10% of children under 6 are overweight or obese, with half of adults sharing the same problem, highlighting the 37 (urgent) of the issue.
In response, Peking University People’s Hospital takes the lead by forming a multidisciplinary (多学科) team devoted mainly 38 solving diseases caused by obesity. Since 2017, its medical weight loss clinic has provided holistic treatment, covering lifestyle adjustment, medications, and surgeries. The treatment of obesity 39 (tailor) to each individual and a precise plan is developed based on a thorough assessment of their condition, integrating medical care with lifestyle management 40 (help) patients reduce pounds and prevent weight regain.
To further support patients, 41 concept of a health-focused weight loss camp has been introduced. This camp offers physical assessments, personalized weight loss plans, 42 education on scientific weight management. It also emphasizes the cultivation of healthy eating and exercise habits, 43 are crucial for long-term weight control and the prevention treatment of obesity-related diseases.
44 (recognize) that weight management is a long-term process, the camp fosters group interactions, allowing patients to 45 (active) find weight loss partners and encourage each other on their journey to a healthy weight.
六、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，学校计划举办“时间胶囊创作大赛”（Time Capsule Creation Competition），要求参赛者设计一个能反映当下校园生活的时间胶囊，10年后开启。外教Ms. Green负责评审，现向大家征集设计思路。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．你设计的时间胶囊主题；
2．选择的物品及理由。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ms. Green,
I’m excited to share my ideas for the Time Capsule Creation Competition.
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七、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A young girl called Liza scrolled through an online store, her eyes lighting up at the sight of a beautiful dress. It was a designer gown(礼服). She looked over at her mother, who was reading a book in the armchair by the window.
“Mom, can I get this dress for prom(舞会) It’s perfect!” Liza asked. Her mother looked at the price and shook her head. “Liza, that’s expensive. We shouldn’t spend that much on a dress you’ll wear once. Besides, someone has a surprise for you today.”
“A surprise What kind of surprise ” Liza asked. Her mother smiled mysteriously and said, “Just be patient.” After a while, there was a knock on the door. Liza’s grandmother, Pam, entered the house, holding a package wrapped neatly in gift paper.
Liza’s curiosity got the better of her, and she eagerly tore open the package. Inside was a beautiful dress. But Liza’s excitement faded quickly as she realized it wasn’t the designer dress she had dreamed of.
“I’m not wearing this!” she shouted, her disappointment turning into anger. She didn’t consider how hurtful her words might be to her grandmother. Her mother tried to reassure her. “Well, dear, I think you will look beautiful in this dress,” she said.
“No! Are you trying to save money on me! Prom only happens once in a lifetime! I’m not wearing this!” Liza shouted, tears of anger welling up in her eyes.
Finally, her mother decided to give in. Pam quietly accepted Liza’s choice and carefully packed the dress she had made. She didn’t say much, but her disappointment was clear. Liza was too wrapped up in her own feelings to notice the sadness in her grandmother’s eyes.
The evening of the prom finally arrived. Liza danced among her friends, her heart filled with excitement. Suddenly, one of Liza’s friends Mary carelessly poured a glass of red wine on her dress. In an instant, the dress was completely ruined. Liza couldn’t believe what had just happened. She burst into the restroom, trying to clean the dress, but nothing worked.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Liza headed to the school exit and called her mother, crying uncontrollably.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Returning to the hall in her grandmother’s dress, Liza felt a mix of nervousness and hope.
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参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】应用文、情节发展、旅游、细节理解、通讯与媒体
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了从伦敦去爱丁堡、巴黎和从都柏林到伦敦的旅游安排和价格。
【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“7-Day Tour from London to Edinburgh（伦敦至爱丁堡7天游）”中的介绍“Starting at: $849 per person（起价:每人849美元）”可知一对夫妇从伦敦到爱丁堡的7天旅行需支付1698美元。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Enjoy seeing the “Fair City”, including the statue-lined O’Connell Street, Trinity College, and St. Patrick’s Cathedral.（欣赏雕像林立的奥康奈尔街、三一学院、圣帕特里克大教堂等“市集”。）” 可知如果你参加从都柏林到伦敦的9天游，你可以参观三一学院。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“A London guide will show you the city’s famous landmarks like Buckingham Palace（一名伦敦导游将带您参观白金汉宫等伦敦著名的地标建筑）”第三段“Your guided tour of Ireland and Britain begins in the capital city of Dublin.（您有导游的爱尔兰和英国之旅从首都都柏林开始。）”以及第五段“Your guided vacation in London begins with a welcome dinner and a cruise on the Thames River to admire the Tower Bridge and the Houses of Parliament.（在导游的带领下，您的伦敦之旅将从欢迎晚宴开始，然后乘船游览泰晤士河，欣赏伦敦塔桥和英国议会大厦。）”可知三个旅行的共同之处为这些地方都有导游为游客服务。故选A。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】段落大意、短语猜测、科普知识、细节理解、观点态度、说明文
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过作者外出就餐的经历引出话题，探讨了记忆的复杂性，并解释了随着年龄增长出现的正常记忆衰退现象及其与痴呆症的区别。
【详解】4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The last time my husband and I went out for an elegant restaurant dinner, the server came to our table and began to recite a long list of specials, with detailed descriptions of how the dishes were made and where the ingredients had been sourced. Her recitation went on and on, and as she spoke, I became almost more interested in how she could remember all those descriptions than I was in thinking about the food. Meanwhile, I couldn’t remember where I’d put my keys before we left for the restaurant.(上次我和丈夫去一家高雅的餐厅吃饭时，服务员走到我们桌边，开始背诵一长串特色菜，详细介绍了菜肴的制作方法和食材的来源。她不停地背诵，在她说话的时候，我对她是如何记住这些描述更感兴趣，而不是想着食物。与此同时，我记不起去餐厅之前把钥匙放在哪里了)”和第二段中“The good news is that not remembering where you put your keys is generally not a sign of dementia. And on the contrary, being able to remember a long list of restaurant specials isn’t necessarily a sign of extraordinary mental ability, either. Memory is far more complicated than the dining out experience could ever show.(好消息是，不记得把钥匙放在哪里通常并不是痴呆的征兆。相反，能够记住一长串餐厅特色菜也不一定是非凡智力的标志。记忆远比外出就餐的经历要复杂得多)”可知，作者提到外出就餐的经历是为了说明能够记住一长串餐厅特色菜不一定是非凡智力的标志，而不记得把钥匙放在哪也并不是痴呆的征兆，由此说明记忆具有复杂性。故选D项。
5．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“‘Some memory loss is normal as people age.’ says Joel Salinas, a behavioral neurologist. ‘It’s not the kind of decline that interferes with the ability to live your life.’ (行为神经学家乔尔·萨利纳斯说：“随着人们年龄的增长，一些记忆丧失是正常的。这不是那种会interferes with你生活能力的衰退。”)”可知，随着年龄的增长，记忆丧失是正常现象，结合句中“not the kind of decline”可推知，这种记忆的衰退不会限制人们的生活能力。故划线短语与“Limit”意思相近，意为“限制”。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Jessica Zwerling, a director of the Center of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease, compares the effect of aging on memory to kind of like getting traffic on the brain. ‘It may take longer to find a word; it may come to you later. The speed of processing can go down, but your hippocampus, the part of the brain most associated with memory, should be functioning.’ (阿尔茨海默病卓越研究中心主任杰西卡·茨维林将衰老对记忆的影响比作大脑的交通堵塞。‘可能需要更长时间才能想出一个词；它可能会晚些时候出现在你脑海中。处理速度可能会下降，但你大脑中与记忆最相关的海马体应该在正常运作’)”可知，有记忆减退的老年人可能过一会儿能想起一些遗忘的单词。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Jessica Zwerling, a director of the Center of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease, compares the effect of aging on memory to kind of like getting traffic on the brain. ‘It may take longer to find a word; it may come to you later. The speed of processing can go down, but your hippocampus, the part of the brain most associated with memory, should be functioning.’ (阿尔茨海默病卓越研究中心主任杰西卡·茨维林将衰老对记忆的影响比作大脑的交通堵塞。‘可能需要更长时间才能想出一个词；它可能会晚些时候出现在你脑海中。处理速度可能会下降，但你大脑中与记忆最相关的海马体应该在正常运作’)”和“Memory is all these different brain networks working in concert with each other (记忆是所有这些不同的大脑网络相互协作的结果)”对大脑中记忆存储和运作的描述可知，本段主要讲的是大脑中记忆减退的机制。故选A项。
【知识点】现代技术、细节理解、观点态度、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍使用健身追踪器可以使你每天的步数增加一英里多。
【详解】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“You know exercise is heart smart and good for you. But do you really know how much physical activity you’ re getting Studies show that using a fitness tracker-a device that tracks your movement—can increase your steps per day by more than a mile.(你知道运动对心脏有益，对你有好处。但是你真的知道你做了多少运动吗 研究表明，使用健身追踪器——一种跟踪你运动的设备——可以使你每天的步数增加一英里多)”以及第二段““Fitness trackers are a great tool for heart health,” says cardiologist Seth Martin. “Being more active and changing your habits is important but difficult. Tracking likely helps people when combined with a clear goal to shoot for.”(“健身追踪器是心脏健康的好工具，”心脏病专家赛斯·马丁说。“变得更积极，改变你的习惯很重要，但也很难。如果与明确的目标相结合，追踪可能会对人们有所帮助。”)”推知，人们在锻炼时没有监测身体活动量。故选D项。
9．词句猜测题。根据后文“People find ways to incorporate more activities into their day, walking during meetings, or simply taking the stairs instead of an elevator.(人们想办法在一天中加入更多的活动，在会议期间散步，或者只是走楼梯而不是乘电梯)”可知，当人们有一个客观的每日记录可以让人们意识到自己的运动量有多少时，他们会想办法在一天中加入更多的活动，也就是重新调整他们的心态，所以recalibrate应该是“重新调整”之意，和A项“Adjust(调整)”词义相近。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Martin suggests, “Once you’ve made a match, you can try the next steps: Use the tracker consistently every day. Set a goal and then find activities you enjoy that also fit into your daily life and can be sustained over the long term. Finally, encourage friends and family to use trackers as well. It can create a social support network and even foster a sense of competition. Follow these tips, and you’ll be on your way to a healthier lifestyle and a healthier heart.”(马丁建议:“一旦你找到了匹配，你就可以尝试接下来的步骤：每天坚持使用追踪器。设定一个目标，然后找到你喜欢的活动，这些活动既适合你的日常生活，又能长期坚持下去。最后，鼓励朋友和家人也使用追踪器。它可以创造一个社会支持网络，甚至培养一种竞争意识。遵循这些建议，你将拥有更健康的生活方式和更健康的心脏。”)”可知，马丁建议人们购买一个合适的设备，每天使用。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I think technology can be a very powerful tool to get people moving more,” says Martin.(马丁说:“我认为科技可以成为一个非常强大的工具，让人们更多地运动。”)”可推知，马丁认为健身追踪器的未来是有前途的。故选B项。
【知识点】情节发展、现代技术、细节理解、自然生态、说明文
【答案】
12．C
13．A
14．B
15．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种将太阳能面板和水库结合的新兴技术——浮式光伏。但科学家也提醒应关注其对生态系统的潜在影响，以确保可再生能源的发展不会以破坏生物多样性为代价。
【详解】
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“The newest, hottest power couple doesn’t live in Hollywood. It’s actually the marriage of solar panels and reservoirs: Known as floatovoltaics, these devices on simple floats generate power while shading the water below.(当下最炙手可热的“明星夫妻档”并非生活在好莱坞。实际上，它们是太阳能电池板与水库的结合体：这种被称为“浮式光伏”的装置安装在简单的浮体上，既能发电又能为下方的水域遮阳。)”可知，作者通过将浮式光伏系统与一对明星夫妇的情况进行关联介绍浮式光伏系统。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“As floatovoltaic systems expand, with the market expected to grow 23% annually from 2025 to 2030, scientists are studying their impact on ecosystems. ‘We shouldn’t be expanding clean energy at the cost of biodiversity loss,’ warns Elisa Stephens, a researcher at the University of California, Davis. ‘This is a great opportunity to increase our research and develop smart designs and better siting practices to have this happy marriage between a healthy, biodiverse ecosystem and renewable energy expansion.’(随着浮式光伏系统的扩张，预计从2025年到2030年，市场将以每年23%的速度增长，科学家们正在研究它们对生态系统的影响。加州大学戴维斯分校的研究员Elisa Stephens警告说：“我们不应该以生物多样性丧失为代价来扩大清洁能源。这是一个很好的机会，可以增加我们的研究，开发智能设计和更好的选址实践，在健康、生物多样性的生态系统和可再生能源扩张之间建立幸福的婚姻。”)”可知，生态平衡和生物多样性是主要关注点。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段“Though artificial, reservoirs host lots of water life that floatovoltaics can interact with. Would this bring risks or benefits ‘Our customers have seen migrating birds feeding and resting on the floats,’ reports Chris Bachman of a leading floatovoltaics company.(尽管是人工建造的，但水库中有许多水生生物，可以与之互动。这会带来风险还是好处？一家领先的浮式飞机公司的Chris Bachman报告说：“我们的客户看到了迁徙的鸟类在浮式飞机上觅食和休息。”)”可知，作者在第五段中引用Chris Bachman的话是为了展示浮式光伏技术的潜在优势。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Experiments show that shading from panels can slow the growth of algae that fish eat and also reduce harmful algae, affecting the food chain. Floats can hide fish from birds that hunt them but may also serve as safe habitats for these birds. ‘We need to monitor for long periods to understand the big picture,’ says freshwater ecologist Simpson Cardoso.(实验表明，遮阳板可以减缓鱼类所吃藻类的生长，也可以减少有害藻类，从而影响食物链。漂浮物可以隐藏鱼类，使其免受捕食它们的鸟类的伤害，但也可以作为这些鸟类的安全栖息地。淡水生态学家Simpson Cardoso说：“我们需要长期监测才能了解大局。”)”以及最后一段“Scientists and companies are discussing wider spacing between panels and avoiding construction during waterbirds’ sensitive periods, such as migration and nesting. ‘There can definitely be that kind of ecological balance,’ says Stephens.(科学家和公司正在讨论扩大面板之间的间距，避免在水鸟迁徙和筑巢等敏感时期进行施工。斯蒂芬斯说：“肯定会有这种生态平衡。”)”可知，科学家们正在关注开发更智能的设计与方法。故选B。
三、七选五阅读
【知识点】新闻、环境保护
【答案】
16．F
17．A
18．D
19．E
20．C
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是日本的一项研究表明，一些老旧的雪松和柏树林种植园正在造成严重的污染，其程度堪比管理不善的农田或城市环境；
【解析】16．空前“Most of us don’t consider forests a source of pollution.(我们大多数人都不认为森林是污染源。)”说明了人们不认为森林是污染源，由空后的But表转折可知，空格处仍然应该讲人们不认为森林是污染环境的，F选项“As natural bodies, they should be good for the environment.(作为自然物体，它们应该对环境有益。)”说明了人们认为森林对环境有益，也就是森林并不会污染环境，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F；
17．空前“According to Masaaki Chiwa, the lead author of the study, the pollution is not the fault of the trees.(该研究的第一作者Masaaki Chiwa表示，污染不是树木的错。)”说明了污染不是树木的错，空格处应该说是谁的错，A选项“It’s the management of the plantations.(是种植园的管理。)”说明了污染是种植园的管理的错，承接上文，符合语境，故选A；
18．空前“These are not natural forests.(这些不是天然林。)”说明了这些不是天然森林，空格处应该说这些是什么，D选项“They were meant for commercial purposes.(它们是用于商业目的的。)”说明了这些是用于商业目的的，其中的They和前面的These相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D；
19．空前“However, an increase in imports of other woods has affected prices of Japanese cedar and cypress and led to the decline in active plantation management.(但是，其他木材进口的增加影响了日本雪松和柏树的价格，并导致积极的种植园管理减少。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致积极的种植园管理减少，空格处应该说这进一步又会导致什么结果，E选项“The result was overcrowded land with aging trees.(其结果是土地上长满了老树。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致种植园管理的减少之后所带来的结果是土地上长满老树，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E；
20．空前“The nitrogen is flowing from the plantations during rainfalls or snow melts into nearby bodies of water, causing algae blooms.(降雨或积雪融化时，氮从种植园流入附近的水体，导致藻类大量繁殖。)”说明了氮从种植园流入附近的水体，空后“Just like in a natural forest, needles fall from the aging trees and accumulate on the plantation floor. This is part of Mother Nature’s way of recycling nutrients. Earthworms and soil microbes decompose the needles and return the nutrients to the soil. Younger growth nearby finishes the process and takes up the nutrients.(就像在天然森林里一样，针叶从老树上掉下来，堆积在种植园的地上。这是大自然循环养分的一部分。蚯蚓和土壤微生物会分解这些针叶，并将营养物质送回土壤。附近较年轻的植物完成了这一过程，并吸收了营养。)”解释的是氮的由来，空格处应该提出问题，询问空前所提到的氮是怎么来的，C选项“Where does all this nitrogen come from (这些氮从何而来？)”发出疑问，问这些氮是从哪里来的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
四、完形（15空）
【知识点】副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、科普知识、说明文
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．C 28．A 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲英国物理学家Robert Mathews通过实验和理论证明“墨菲定律”没有科学依据，所以我们不能把所有出错的事情都归咎于墨菲定律。
【详解】21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：类似的情况一直在发生。A. General普遍的；B. Strange奇怪的；C. Unusual不寻常的；D. Similar类似的。由下文“When you get into a line at the supermarket,”和“When you’re in a hurry to open the door”举的例子以及语境可知，这里指“类似的”情况一直在发生。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在超市排队时，你发现你选择了最慢的一队，它就是不动。A. stood站；B. chosen选择；C. crossed穿越；D. drawn画画。由上文“get into a line”以及语境可知，这里指你“选择”在最慢的一队排队。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. try尝试；B. turn转动；C. find发现；D. remove移除。由下文“several keys on the key ring”可知，这里指你已经“尝试”了几把钥匙。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. fits适合；B. changes变化；C. works工作，奏效；D. suits适合。由上文“the last one”可知，这里指尝试了所有钥匙才发现最后那一把“奏效”可打开门。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. throw投掷；B. collect收集；C. forget忘记；D. remember记得。由下文“the bad things more readily”以及语境可知，这里指人们更容易“记住”坏事情。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. advantage优势；B. agreement协议；C. favor赞成，支持；D. support支持。由上文“is more against us”以及语境可知，这里指概率法则更多反映的是违背我们而不是“支持”我们。in one's favor支持某人，为固定搭配，故选C项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当Mathews 证明一片烤面包不一定是涂了黄油的一面掉在地板上时，他成为了一位受欢迎的科学家。A. regularly定期地；B. quickly快速地；C. necessarily必然地；D. directly直接地。由下文“half fell on the buttered side, and half didn’t”可知，这里指涂了黄油的一面不是“必然地”会掉在地面上。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据实验，一半情况是涂了黄油的一侧落地上，另一半情况是没有黄油的一侧落地上。A. experiment实验；B. agreement协议；C. fiction小说；D. prediction预测。由上文“Mathews became a popular scientist”以及语境可知，Mathews是科学家，这里指他用“实验”证明面包的两面掉地上的概率是一样的。故选A项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Mathews 博士面临一个棘手的问题。A. tricky狡猾的，棘手的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. contemporary当代的。由下文“Will the cat land on all fours, 　12　　will the toast land on the buttered side”可知，从理论上说，这是这是一个无解的问题，也算是一个“棘手”的问题。故选A项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，猫总是四脚着地。A. theory理论；B. story故事；C. fact事实；D. opinion意见。由下文“that cats always fall on their four legs”以及语境可知，猫总是四脚着地，这是一个大家认为的“事实”。故选C项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的背上，然后从阳台上掉下来，会发生什么？A. legs腿；B. ears耳朵；C. stomach胃；D. back背。由上文“tie a piece of buttered toast on a cat’s”以及语境可知，这里指把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的“背”上然后做实验，看谁先着地。故选D项。
32．考查连词词义辨析。句意：猫会四肢着地，还是烤面包涂有黄油的一面着地？A. and和；B. or或者；C. so所以；D. but但是。由上文“Will the cat land on all fours”和下文“will the toast land on the buttered side”可知，这是二选一的情况，所以这里应用并列连词or表选择。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要记住，你不能把所有出错的事情都归咎于墨菲定律。A. blame责备，把……归咎于；B. thank感谢；C. design设计；D. spare抽出。由下文“everything that goes wrong”以及语境可知，这里指不要把所有出错的事情“归咎于”墨菲定律。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的车在路上坏了，可能是因为你没有保养或修理过。A. cleaned清洁；B. serviced服务，保养；C. started开始；D. measured测量。由上文“If your car breaks down on the way”可知，这里指车坏了可能是你没有“保养”好。故选B项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你洗澡时热水用完了，可能是因为热水器需要修理。A. shower淋浴；B. rest休息；C. dinner晚餐；D. swim游泳。由上文 “the hot water runs out ”以及语境可知，这里指在“淋浴”时突然没有了热水。故选A项。
五、语篇
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、不可数名词、其他介词、副词作状语、动词不定式作目的状语、定冠词、并列连词、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词、现在分词作状语、科普知识、说明文、过去分词作定语
【答案】36．aged 37．urgency 38．to 39．is tailored 40．to help 41．the 42．and 43．which 44．Recognizing 45．actively
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国体重管理问题的严峻现状及应对措施。
【详解】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：惊人的数据显示，6-17岁的未成年人中有19%、6岁以下儿童中有10%超重或肥胖，成年人中半数存在同样问题，凸显了这一问题的紧迫性。age在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语minors构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填aged。
37．考查名词。句意：惊人的数据显示，6-17岁的未成年人中有19%、6岁以下儿童中有10% 超重或肥胖，成年人中半数存在同样问题，凸显了这一问题的紧迫性。空处作宾语，表示“紧迫性”应用名词urgency，不可数。故填urgency。
38．考查介词。句意：作为回应，北京大学人民医院率先组建了一个多学科团队，主要致力于解决肥胖引起的疾病。be devoted to为固定搭配，意为“致力于”。故填to。
39．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：肥胖治疗针对每个人量身定制，在全面评估病情的基础上制定精准方案，将医疗护理与生活方式管理相结合，帮助患者减轻体重并防止反弹。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为The treatment of obesity，谓语用单数。故填is tailored。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：肥胖治疗针对每个人量身定制，在全面评估病情的基础上制定精准方案，将医疗护理与生活方式管理相结合，帮助患者减轻体重并防止反弹。help在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to help。
41．考查冠词。句意：为进一步支持患者，以健康为核心的减重营概念被引入。表示“……的概念”应用短语the concept of。故填the。
42．考查连词。句意：这个训练营提供身体评估、个性化的减肥计划以及科学的体重管理教育。physical assessments, personalized weight loss plans与education on scientific weight management为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
43．考查定语从句。句意：它还强调培养健康的饮食和运动习惯，这对长期控制体重和预防治疗肥胖相关疾病至关重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：认识到体重管理是一个长期的过程，训练营促进了群体互动，让患者积极寻找减肥伙伴，在健康体重的旅程中相互鼓励。recognize在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语camp构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Recognizing。
45．考查副词。句意：认识到体重管理是一个长期的过程，训练营促进了群体互动，让患者积极寻找减肥伙伴，在健康体重的旅程中相互鼓励。修饰动词find应用副词actively，作状语。故填actively。
六、应用文写作
【知识点】一般将来时、其他应用文、现代技术
46．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Ms. Green,
I’m excited to share my ideas for the Time Capsule Creation Competition. The theme of my time capsule is “The Colorful Campus Life”.
In it, I’ll put a school uniform, representing the daily campus routine. A hand - drawn map of the school will be included to show the layout. Also, a photo album filled with pictures of school events like sports meets and art shows will be added. These items can vividly recall our wonderful campus life ten years later.
Looking forward to your comments.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给负责“时间胶囊创作大赛”评审的外教 Ms. Green 写邮件，分享自己的设计思路，包括时间胶囊的主题、选择的物品及理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
激动：excited →thrilled
包含；包括：include →contain
布局：layout →arrangement
生动地：vividly →lively
句式拓展：
简单句变复合句
原句：Also, a photo album filled with pictures of school events like sports meets and art shows will be added.
拓展句：Also, a photo album that is filled with pictures of school events like sports meets and art shows will be added.
七、读后续写
【知识点】一般过去时的基本用法和结构、家庭、朋友与周围的人、日常活动、记叙文
47．【答案】
Liza headed to the school exit and called her mother, crying uncontrollably. Soon her mother arrived at the school and gave her the package Pam had left for her. “Your grandmother left this for you, just in case,” her mother said gently. Liza’s tears slowed as she opened the package. Inside was the dress Pam had made, the one she had rejected so harshly. She smiled through her tears, feeling a wave of gratitude. “Grandma always thought of every possibility. It seems that she has saved me this time,” she said. Liza took the dress and went to the restroom to get changed.
Returning to the hall in her grandmother’s dress, Liza felt a mix of nervousness and hope. As she stepped inside, the room fell silent for a moment. Everyone turned to look at her, their eyes widening in surprise. “Wow, Liza, where did you get that dress ” Mary exclaimed. “It’s beautiful!” another classmate added. Liza’s heart swelled with pride and joy as boys and girls praised her dress. “My grandmother made it for me,” she said proudly. After the prom, Liza couldn’t wait to see her grandmother to apologize and thank her for everything.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，文章主要讲述了起初Liza渴望昂贵的设计师礼服，对祖母做的裙子不屑一顾，然而设计师礼服被毁后，她穿上祖母做的裙子获得朋友的赞美，从而意识到裙子的美在于包含的爱，进而对自己之前的行为感到愧疚。
【详解】
1．段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Liza前往学校出口并打电话给母亲，控制不住地哭泣。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈给丽莎送来裙子，丽莎既感动又感恩，感受到了祖母的爱。
②由第二段首句内容“Liza穿着祖母的衣服回到大厅时感到即紧张又充满希望希望。”可知，第二段可描写丽莎的裙子受到朋友的称赞，丽莎感到很骄傲，并在舞会后向祖母道歉。
2．续写线索：妈妈送来裙子——感动以及感恩——穿上裙子——朋友称赞——感到骄傲——向祖母道歉
3．词汇激活
行为类
①到达：arrive at/get to
②拒绝：reject/decline/refuse
③惊叫：exclaim/scream
情绪类
①感谢：gratitude/thankfulness
②惊讶：in surprise/in amazement
【点睛】【高分句型1】Liza’s tears slowed as she opened the package.（由as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Inside was the dress Pam had made, the one she had rejected so harshly.（运用了倒装句和省略关系词的定语从句）
【高分句型3】She smiled through her tears, feeling a wave of gratitude.（运用了现在分词作状语）
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