2026年高考英语一轮复习 定语从句(含答案与解析)

文档属性

名称 2026年高考英语一轮复习 定语从句(含答案与解析)
格式 docx
文件大小 55.4KB
资源类型 试卷
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2025-09-02 10:16:46

图片预览

文档简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语一轮复习 定语从句
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2025 河西区二模)Soon children in the camp had many new friends,________ they shared food,stories,and projects.(  )
A.for which B.with whom C.of which D.to whom
2.(2025 河东区二模)Nowadays,surfing is a popular sport among young people ______ they can seek excitement and adventure.(  )
A.that B.which C.how D.where
3.(2025 南开区校级模拟)Self﹣image is a foundation__________your entire personality, behavior and even circumstances are built.(  )
A.in which B.by which
C.with which D.upon which
4.(2025 河北区二模)Over 400 guests attended the seminars at the 16th Chinese Language Day, the theme Poetic China showcased the elegance of Chinese culture through poetry and literature.(  )
A.which B.where C.when D.that
5.(2025 青羊区校级模拟)Occasions are quite rare_____I have the time to spend a day with my kids.(  )
A.who B.which C.why D.when
6.(2025 红桥区二模) is known to all,honesty is always the good choice.(  )
A.As B.It C.What D.We
7.(2025 天津模拟)Elon Musk's company Neuralink, specializes in brain﹣computer interfaces,recently implanted its first chip (芯片) in a human volunteer.(  )
A.who B.which C.where D.whose
8.(2025春 越秀区校级期中)Recently it has been noticed _____ an increasing number of students are bringing smartphones to school,_____ means using smartphones reasonably has become _____ unavoidable topic for us students.(  )
A./;that;a B.that;which;an
C./;which;an D.that;which;the
9.(2025 宝坻区校级模拟)He doesn't possess such a mind is necessary to a scientist.(  )
A.that B.which C.as D.what
10.(2025春 海淀区校级期中)Greenwich Village is a place the art people came together,hunting for apartments with north﹣facing windows and low rents.(  )
A.that B.where C.which D.why
11.(2025 和平区校级一模)The police are investigating the company,three of managers have already been arrested.(  )
A.whose B.that C.which D.where
12.(2025 北辰区三模)The great Pyramid is such a famous place of interest in the world every tourist dreams of paying a visit to.(  )
A.where B.that C.what D.as
13.(2025春 天津校级期中) Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, mistake them for food.(  )
A.whose B.of which C.that D.which
14.(2025 天津模拟)There are various outdoor camp activities in the summer holidays,______ students can show their ability to get on with others.(  )
A.when B.that C.which D.where
15.(2025 和平区二模)Even on New Year's Eve,______ most of us are celebrating,the ambulance service staff are working.(  )
A.where B.when C.that D.which
16.(2025 天津) After several months,Ryan had raised the $2000, a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.(  )
A.with whom B.for whom
C.with which D.for which
17.(2025 广州一模)The emperor asked his officials to interpret his dream, he gave the instruction a group of officials should go on his behalf to find more about Buddha.(  )
A.in which,what B.when,which
C.where,which D.after which,that
18.(2025 南开区模拟) By 2050,humans may inhabit cities all transportation is fully automated and environmentally friendly.(  )
A.that B.where C.which D.when
19.(2025 河西区一模)Reducing overfishing activities can safeguard the future sustainability of small﹣scale fisheries and the communities ______ livelihood is dependent on them.(  )
A.where B.which C.whose D.who
20.(2025 天津模拟)On December 5,2024,the Spring Festival was added to the Representative List of intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO, filled every Chinese heart with joy and dignity.(  )
A.as B.what C.which D.that
高考英语一轮复习 定语从句
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2025 河西区二模)Soon children in the camp had many new friends,________ they shared food,stories,and projects.(  )
A.for which B.with whom C.of which D.to whom
【答案】B
【分析】夏令营里的孩子们很快就有了许多新朋友,他们一起分享食物、故事和专题研究。
【解答】考查定语从句。根据句型分析可知,这是非限制性定语从句,先行词为many new friends,指人,再根据固定短语share sth with sb"和某人分享某物"和选项可知,这里应用with whom。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句关键把握正确的关系词,学生要有扎实的语法知识基础,分析句子,选择正确的关系词。
2.(2025 河东区二模)Nowadays,surfing is a popular sport among young people ______ they can seek excitement and adventure.(  )
A.that B.which C.how D.where
【答案】D
【分析】如今,冲浪在年轻人中是一项受欢迎的运动,他们可以在其中寻求刺激和冒险。
【解答】分析可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为a popular sport,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词where引导,相当于in which。
故选:D。
【点评】本题考查定语从句的关系词。做此题的关键是找准先行词,判断关系词在从句中做什么句子成分,然后根据语法选择正确的引导词。
3.(2025 南开区校级模拟)Self﹣image is a foundation__________your entire personality, behavior and even circumstances are built.(  )
A.in which B.by which
C.with which D.upon which
【答案】D
【分析】自我形象是一个基础,你整个个性,行为甚至环境都是以此为基础的.
【解答】本题考查定语从句. 本句含有定语从句, 从句中的谓语动词are built是被动结构,先行词是foundation,所以应该由介词+which构成定语从句, build sth on sth或者be built on/upon 是固定短语,意思是:把…作为…的基础.所以此处用介词upon.
故选:D.
【点评】"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式,这类定语从句的关系代词主要有 which,whom, whose,它们既可以引导限定性定语从句,也可以引导非限定性定语从句.关系代词前该选用什么样的介词,要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定.
1. 介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配
2. 介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配
3. 介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配
4. 有时关系代词前用什么介词,要根据句子的意思来决定,此时不但要注意其前的搭配,也要注意其后的搭配
5. 表示"所有格"或"整体与部分关系"时,用介词of
4.(2025 河北区二模)Over 400 guests attended the seminars at the 16th Chinese Language Day, the theme Poetic China showcased the elegance of Chinese culture through poetry and literature.(  )
A.which B.where C.when D.that
【答案】B
【分析】在第16届中文日活动上,400多位嘉宾参加了研讨会,"诗意中国"这一主题通过诗歌和文学展示了中国文化的优雅。
【解答】这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词seminars在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导从句。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
5.(2025 青羊区校级模拟)Occasions are quite rare_____I have the time to spend a day with my kids.(  )
A.who B.which C.why D.when
【答案】D
【分析】我有时间和我的孩子们度过一天的机会是很少的.
【解答】答案:D.考查定语从句. 我有时间和我的孩子们度过一天的机会是很少的.此处when引导定语从句,修饰occasions,为分隔式定语从句.
故选:D.
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析.
6.(2025 红桥区二模) is known to all,honesty is always the good choice.(  )
A.As B.It C.What D.We
【答案】A
【分析】众所周知,诚实总是一个好的选择。
【解答】A.As正如;B.It它;C.What什么;D.We我们。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,关系词在从句中作主语,且位于句首,表示"正如"用关系代词as,as is known to all"众所周知"。
故选:A。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
7.(2025 天津模拟)Elon Musk's company Neuralink, specializes in brain﹣computer interfaces,recently implanted its first chip (芯片) in a human volunteer.(  )
A.who B.which C.where D.whose
【答案】B
【分析】埃隆 马斯克的公司Neuralink,专注于脑机接口,最近将其第一个芯片植入了一名人类志愿者体内。
【解答】此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Elon Musk's company Neuralink,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导从句。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
8.(2025春 越秀区校级期中)Recently it has been noticed _____ an increasing number of students are bringing smartphones to school,_____ means using smartphones reasonably has become _____ unavoidable topic for us students.(  )
A./;that;a B.that;which;an
C./;which;an D.that;which;the
【答案】B
【分析】最近,人们注意到越来越多的学生把智能手机带到学校,这意味着合理使用智能手机已经成为我们学生一个不可避免的话题。
【解答】分析句子可知,it是形式主语,空一引导主语从句,从句"an increasing number of students are bringing smartphones to school"句意完整,成分齐全,用that引导主语从句;空二引导定语从句,指代主句,从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,空三修饰topic,表示泛指,"一个不可避免的话题",且unavoidable以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。
故选:B。
【点评】考查主语从句,定语从句和冠词。平时多积累用法,做题时,分析句子结构,结合句意和选项做出判断。
9.(2025 宝坻区校级模拟)He doesn't possess such a mind is necessary to a scientist.(  )
A.that B.which C.as D.what
【答案】C
【分析】他缺乏科学家所必须具备的头脑。
【解答】先行词mind在定语从句中作主语,用as引导从句,构成such ...as ...引导定语从句,意为"像……这样的,诸如此类的……"。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
10.(2025春 海淀区校级期中)Greenwich Village is a place the art people came together,hunting for apartments with north﹣facing windows and low rents.(  )
A.that B.where C.which D.why
【答案】B
【分析】格林尼治村是一个艺术人士聚集的地方,他们在这里寻找朝北的窗户和低租金的公寓。
【解答】定语从句修饰先行词place,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
故选:B。
【点评】限制性定语从句是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句。该考点是英语定语从句中的一种引导词,当先行词为地点或者抽象的地点的词,而且定语从句中缺少地点状语,用where引导定语从句,相当于"介词+which"。
11.(2025 和平区校级一模)The police are investigating the company,three of managers have already been arrested.(  )
A.whose B.that C.which D.where
【答案】A
【分析】警方正在调查这家公司,其中三位经理已经被逮捕。
【解答】此处为非限定性定语从句,先行词为company,在非限制性定语从句中作名词managers的定语,用关系代词whose引导从句。
故选:A。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
12.(2025 北辰区三模)The great Pyramid is such a famous place of interest in the world every tourist dreams of paying a visit to.(  )
A.where B.that C.what D.as
【答案】D
【分析】大金字塔是世界上著名的名胜古迹,每个游客都梦想着去参观。
【解答】该空引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a famous place of interest,先行词指物,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作宾语,先行词被such修饰,应用关系代词as引导从句。
故选:D。
【点评】限制性定语从句是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句。该考点是英语定语从句中的一种引导词,as在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,当主句中出现the same,as,such,so修饰先行词时,需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
13.(2025春 天津校级期中) Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, mistake them for food.(  )
A.whose B.of which C.that D.which
【答案】D
【分析】塑料袋会造成垃圾,对野生动物来说是一种危险,它们会把塑料袋误认为食物。
【解答】分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词wild animals在从句中作主语成分,所以为关系代词which引导。
故选:D。
【点评】选择定语从句中的关系词,首先要理解各关系词的用法;然后找准先行词,将先行词带入到定语从句;最后根据先行词在定语从句中的作用判断关系词。
14.(2025 天津模拟)There are various outdoor camp activities in the summer holidays,______ students can show their ability to get on with others.(  )
A.when B.that C.which D.where
【答案】D
【分析】暑假有各种各样的户外营地活动,学生们可以在那里展示他们与他人相处的能力。
【解答】先行词activities在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导从句。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
15.(2025 和平区二模)Even on New Year's Eve,______ most of us are celebrating,the ambulance service staff are working.(  )
A.where B.when C.that D.which
【答案】D
【分析】即使在我们大多数人都在庆祝的新年前夜,救护车服务人员也在工作。
【解答】此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词New Year's Eve,在从句中作宾语。
故选:D。
【点评】填空这种题,要分析句子意思,再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定
16.(2025 天津) After several months,Ryan had raised the $2000, a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.(  )
A.with whom B.for whom
C.with which D.for which
【答案】C
【分析】几个月后,瑞安筹集到了2000 美元,用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。
【解答】空处引导非限制性定语从句,根据句意"用这些钱在乌干达的一所小学附近建了一口井",表示 "用......",应该用介词 "with",先行词the $2000是物所以关系代词用which。
故选:C。
【点评】做此类题,要掌握定语从句关系词的用法。
17.(2025 广州一模)The emperor asked his officials to interpret his dream, he gave the instruction a group of officials should go on his behalf to find more about Buddha.(  )
A.in which,what B.when,which
C.where,which D.after which,that
【答案】D
【分析】皇帝要求他的官员解释他的梦,在那之后他作出指示一组官员应该代表他去发现更多关于如来佛祖的事。
【解答】根据句意及句子结构分析可知,第一空为非限定性定语从句,连词指代前面整句话的内容,根据句意,后文发生在前文之后,故用"after+关系代词which"引导定语从句;第二空则为instruction的同位语从句,从句句子成分齐全,句意完整,所以使用只起连接作用的代词that引导。
故选:D。
【点评】当关系词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,我们通常可以用"介词+关系词"来引导定语从句。如果指人,用whom,如果指物,用which(不能用that或who代替)。同位语从句是主要的名词性从句之一,从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容,它的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释,相当于一个表语从句,它们之间的关系就是同位关系,即主表关系。
18.(2025 南开区模拟) By 2050,humans may inhabit cities all transportation is fully automated and environmentally friendly.(  )
A.that B.where C.which D.when
【答案】B
【分析】到 2050 年,人类或许会居住在这样的城市里,在这些城市中所有的交通都是完全自动化的,并且是环保的。
【解答】分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词cities,先行词在从句中作地点状语,所以应该用关系副词where来引导定语从句。
故选:B。
【点评】做此类题,分析句子结构,判断从句类型,选择适合的连接词。
19.(2025 河西区一模)Reducing overfishing activities can safeguard the future sustainability of small﹣scale fisheries and the communities ______ livelihood is dependent on them.(  )
A.where B.which C.whose D.who
【答案】C
【分析】减少过度捕捞活动可以保障小型渔业的未来可持续性,以及保障那些其生计依赖于渔业的社区的未来。
【解答】空处引导定语从句,先行词the communities ,指物,在定语从句中作定语,需用关系代词whose引导从句。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
20.(2025 天津模拟)On December 5,2024,the Spring Festival was added to the Representative List of intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO, filled every Chinese heart with joy and dignity.(  )
A.as B.what C.which D.that
【答案】C
【分析】2024年12月5日,春节被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产代表作名录,让每一个中国人的心中充满了欢乐和尊严。
【解答】空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子,在从句中作主语,故用关系代词which。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
同课章节目录