2026年高考英语一轮复习 说明文阅读理解（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语一轮复习 说明文阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025春 碑林区校级期中） Weight loss doesn't happen just by turning down dessert.Here，three women share the biggest motivators in their weight﹣loss journeys and the simple changes they made to actually achieve their health goals.
Alyssa Greene
The stress of starting college and continuous late nights caused Alyssa Greene to develop an unhealthy relationship with her body.Though she exercised，she didn't pay much attention to her diet and her overall health until she realized a change had to be made.Over the next 2.5 years，she self﹣educated about nutrition and learnt what and how much to eat to get the results she wanted.Today，Greene has lost 50 pounds and relies on self﹣discipline as her key motivator. "I do what I want for me，no one else，" she says. "For people who have a hard time making a lifestyle change because of family or friends or a significant other，it really boils down to discipline."
Tanisha Commodore
For years，Tanisha Commodore left no stone unturned when it came to weight loss strategies.After trying countless workout programmes and weight﹣loss diets，the desperate influencer began entertaining the idea of going to Mexico for weight﹣loss surgery when her friend happened to recommend a special diet.Over eight months，Commodore lost 80 pounds. "You didn't put it on overnight，so don't expect to lose it overnight，" she notes.
Denita Elizabeth
At one point，Denita Elizabeth weighed over 250 pounds and couldn't remember what it felt like to be healthy.Having made up her mind to make a change，Elizabeth signed up for a SoulCycle membership.Today she's lost 100 pounds. "Not only had my strength increased，but my whole body composition changed，" says Elizabeth. "Remember：you need to develop discipline and commitment for the moments when you don't feel like it."
（1）How did Greene lose weight？ 　 　
A．By working out.
B．By changing eating habits.
C．By enhancing motivation.
D．By going to bed early.
（2）What does Commodore suggest people do？ 　 　
A．Try different strategies.
B．Eat a strict diet.
C．Be patient.
D．Get gym membership.
（3）What do Greene and Elizabeth have in common？ 　 　
A．They are college students.
B．They are disciplined.
C．They are motivated by others.
D．They have achieved their goals quickly.
2．（2025 河西区校级模拟） Want to know what is coming soon to a cinema near you？Probably not an hour﹣and﹣a﹣half﹣long movie，like the old days.This year audiences have experienced the longest of several film series.Moreover，"Oppenheimer"，Christopher Nolan's three﹣hour movie，required 11 miles of film stock for IMax showings.Even film enthusiasts struggle to concentrate for that long.When watching the movie，some viewers sat nodding.Afterwards there was a mad rush and a long line for the toilets.When did watching a film become such hard work？
Film﹣makers began mass﹣producing lengthy pictures in the early 1960s.Cinema was developing and directors wanted to distinguish their art from television.Epics（史诗电影） were on the silver screen.including"Lawrence of Arabia"（1962），which surpassed the three﹣and﹣a﹣half﹣hour mark.Runtimes of popular films went up and down over the following decades.But they have ballooned since 2018.
Franchises（特许经销权） are one driver of this trend.Studios want to make the most out of their costly intellectual property，but they are competing with streaming platforms for eyeballs.The hope is that a long﹣drawn﹣out "event" movie will lure（吸引） audiences away from the small screen and into cinemas.This approach has often paid off："Avengers：Endgame"（2019），Marvel's three﹣hour superhero film，is the second﹣highest﹣grossing（票房第二高的） film in history.In 2022 long movies made up most of the highest﹣grossing films in America.Another explanation for longer films has to do with directors" growing influence.Who would dare tell the likes of Mr Nolan to cut back his masterpieces？
Anything that lures people off their sofas to see a film in theaters is good news for cinemas.But long runtimes also pose a "fundamental problem"，complains Clare﹣Binns，managing director of Picturehouse，a British cinema group and film distributor.Long movies can mean giving up two showings per night，which hurts ticket sales and profits.
（1）What do we know about"Oppenheimer"？　 　
A.It bored some viewers.
B.It was made as a film series.
C.It satisfied many film enthusiasts.
D.It broke the record for the longest movie.
（2）Why did directors turn to epics in the 1960s？　 　
A.To set their works apart from those on television.
B.To adopt a new approach to telling stories on screen.
C.To save the film industry from declining.
D.To breathe new life into the classics.
（3）Why does the author mention"Avengers：Endgame"in paragraph 3？　 　
A.To recommend it to readers.
B.To compare it with Nolan's masterpieces.
C.To stress the importance of franchises.
D.To prove the success of long movies.
（4）What is the second reason for longer films？　 　
A.The rising influence of directors.
B.Longer films mean higher ticket prices.
C.The rise in the audience's attention span.
D.Long films are better at telling stories than short ones.
（5）What is Clare Binns's attitude to long films？　 　
A.Favorable.
B.Tolerant.
C.Critical.
D.Unclear.
3．（2025 济南三模） Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match.Your mind wanders，envisioning every possible outcome.Do you picture yourself in control？Or does your imagination toy with the idea of failure？The answer matters because it could affect your confidence and，ultimately，how well you will perform in the upcoming match.Although people don't take such moments spent in their imagination as seriously as they should，it can be just as vital as any physical practice，directly impacting your chances of success.
This is especially the case in high﹣pressure situations where what's happening inside your mind outweighs what's happening outside.Your imagination shapes how you interpret the world around you and is capable of causing the same physiological （生理的）and emotional responses that are caused by external，real﹣life events.To take just one example，just as emotional pictures and sounds can cause the pupils to widen，so can emotional mental images in the mind.
Another phenomenon highlighting the significance of the imagination is called functional equivalence，which refers to the way the brain doesn't always distinguish between imagining an action and physically doing it.For instance，when athletes vividly imagine running a race or sinking a basket，their brain scans reveal that the same neural circuits （神经回路） are activated as if they were physically performing the task.Other research with athletes using functional MRI （磁共振成像） has shown that mental practice engages regions of the brain involved in controlling the body and also activates areas linked to focus，motivation and emotional regulation.
The principle of functional equivalence extends beyond sports.In one study，pianists were asked to picture moving their fingers across the keys，hearing the tune，and seeing the sheet music.Astonishingly，the same motor areas in their brains lit up as when they actually played.
Many studies like this have proved the connection between mental imagery and realworld performance.Whether you're aiming to build confidence or prepare for a challenge，using your imagination with more intention could make all the difference.The key is to switch your mental channel to an image of capability，control and empowerment.
（1）How does the author start the text？　 　
A.By giving a definition.
B.By explaining an opinion.
C.By presenting a context.
D.By sharing an experience.
（2）In which aspect is mental imagery the same as actual occurrences according to the text？　 　
A.Requiring body movements.
B.Initiating visual stimulations.
C.Affecting physical functions.
D.Causing emotional responses.
（3）In which case may functional equivalence occur？　 　
A.A learner conducts a discussion with a professor.
B.A doctor envisions the procedure of an operation.
C.A pianist videos finger movements for perfection.
D.A speaker practices a deep breath before a speech.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？　 　
A.Positive emotion brightens your life
B.Mental imagery boosts your success
C.Imagination enhances your creativity
D.Physical practice unlocks your potential
4．（2025 庐阳区校级三模） A new study published in Nature Communications reveals that viewing nature can ease pain by reducing brain activity linked to pain perception（感知）.Led by researchers from the University of Vienna and the University of Exeter，the study offers a promising foundation for new non﹣drug pain treatments.
The study used an fMRI scanner（扫描仪） to monitor the brain activity of 49 participants in Austria as they received pain through small electric shocks.When watching videos of natural scenes，participants reported feeling less pain，and scans showed changes in brain responses associated with pain processing.Advanced machine﹣learning analyzed brain networks related to pain，finding that raw sensory signals were reduced when viewing high﹣quality virtual nature scenes.
The study confirms previous findings that nature can reduce subjective reports of pain and marks the first clear demonstration of how natural environments influence the brain，protecting it from unpleasant experiences.Lead author Max Steininger explained that numerous studies have shown people report less pain when exposed to nature，but the fundamental reasons were previously unclear.The study provides evidence from brain scans that this effect is genuine，although the pain﹣relieving effect was around half that of painkillers.
The paper also provides insights into the healing（治愈的） potential of natural settings，addressing a longstanding problem.Over forty years ago，an important study by American researcher Roger Ulrich showed that hospital patients used fewer painkillers and recovered faster when their windows overlooked green space.The new findings provide the first convincing explanation for why Ulrich's patients might have experienced less pain and demonstrate how virtual nature encounters could bring these benefits to anyone，anywhere.
Coauthor Dr.Alex Smalley concluded that the study highlights how virtual encounters can bring the healing potential of nature to people when they can't get outside.The study also serves as renewed evidence for the importance of protecting healthy natural environments，encouraging people to spend time in nature for the benefit of both the planet and people.The practical implications for non﹣drug treatments and new directions for research to better understand how nature impacts our minds are significant.
（1）What does the new study published in Nature Communications mainly reveal？　 　
A.The pain﹣relieving effect of viewing nature.
B.The development of non﹣drug pain treatments.
C.The importance of protecting natural environments.
D.The influence of natural environments on hospital patients.
（2）How did the researchers monitor the brain activity of the participants？　 　
A.By using electric shocks.
B.By using an fMRI scanner.
C.By asking them to report their feelings.
D.By analyzing their brain networks related to pain.
（3）How effective is viewing nature in reducing pain compared to the use of painkillers？　 　
A.It is much stronger.
B.It is about the same.
C.It is half as effective.
D.It is much less effective.
（4）What can we infer about the study from the last paragraph？　 　
A.It suggests people should avoid using painkillers.
B.It shows people should rely heavily on virtual nature.
C.It emphasizes the significance of protecting nature.
D.It proves that virtual nature is better than real nature.
5．（2025 浙江模拟） Once dismissed as a mental interference，daydreaming is undergoing a scientific reevaluation.In our productivity﹣obsessed era，where multitasking reduces attention spans to mere seconds，this once﹣criticized mental state is now recognized as a vital cognitive process.Groundbreaking studies from leading universities reveal its multifaceted benefits，challenging conventional wisdom about focus and creativity.
Harvard neuroscientists recently demonstrated the mechanics behind this phenomenon.Their 2024 study in Cognitive Psychology had 150 participants complete creative problem﹣solving tasks.Those practicing structured daydreaming—guiding thoughts around specific themes like "future inventions" —outperformed intensely focused peers by 30%.Brain imaging revealed heightened activity in the default mode network （DMN），a neural circuit previously mislabeled as idle during rest. "The DMN acts as a mental workshop，" explains lead researcher Dr.Laura Bennett. "When consciously directed，it connects distant concepts —like linking childhood memories to workplace challenges —to spark innovation."
Another study from Stanford University highlights daydreaming's role in emotional regulation.In controlled trials，subjects who daydreamed for 10 minutes after high﹣stress simulations showed 25% lower cortisol levels and improved emotional clarity. "This isn't escapism，" clarifies psychologist Dr.Emily Carter. "It's the brain's self﹣maintenance mode，converting chaotic emotions into manageable narratives."
Interestingly，daydreaming also improves long﹣term memory.A 2023 experiment at the University of Cambridge showed that students who daydreamed during breaks between study sessions retained 20% more information than those who didn't. "This suggests that daydreaming helps consolidate learning，" notes Dr.James Wilson.
Despite these benefits，experts caution against excessive daydreaming.It is indicated that excessive，undirected daydreaming correlates with a 17% increase in reality﹣disconnection symptoms among adolescents. "While beneficial in moderation，too much daydreaming can lead to disengagement from reality，" warns Dr.Bennett.Balancing focused work with periods of mindful daydreaming is key to harnessing its full potential.
（1）What was the conventional view of daydreaming？ 　 　
A.A vital cognitive process.
B.A distraction of mental focus.
C.A way to improve memory.
D.A method to enhance creativity.
（2）What can be inferred about the brain's default mode network （DMN）？ 　 　
A.It remains inactive during both rest and focused tasks.
B.It only activates during stressful situations to reduce anxiety.
C.It was once considered inactive but now known to link ideas.
D.It primarily strengthens long﹣term memory through conscious effort.
（3）Which outcome is associated with structured daydreaming in the text？ 　 　
A.Disengagement from reality.
B.Decreased long﹣term memory.
C.Strengthened stress and anxiety.
D.Enhanced emotional management.
（4）Which real﹣life situation best matches the research findings on daydreaming？ 　 　
A.A student avoids all breaks to maintain focus.
B.An artist schedules deliberate "mind﹣wandering time".
C.A teacher bans daydreaming in class to ensure discipline.
D.A programmer works 12﹣hour shifts without mental pauses.
6．（2025 北碚区校级模拟） Artificial intelligence programs can create optical illusions（光学错觉） that other AIs are unable to recognise，creating a useful test that can differentiate humans from bots（机器人程序）.
A cat﹣and﹣mouse game has played out for almost two decades between website developers，who want to keep bots out of their sites，and the attackers who want to get around those protections.Websites use CAPTCHA tests that are designed to be easy for humans to pass，but that keep bots out.While these tests have become harder to pass，the pace of AI development means that Al﹣powered bots have quickly gained the ability to solve any new test.
Now，Yueyang Li at the University of New South Wales and his coworkers have developed a new test called IllusionCAPTCHA.It uses AI generative models to create optical illusions that combine an input image and a prompt（提示词）.For example，given a photograph of an apple and the prompt"city"，the AI generative models might create a new image of an apple﹣shaped city.
For the test，subjects are shown these AI﹣generated images and asked if these images feature combined images.When 10 people attempted the test，they passed 88 percent of the time.But AI﹣powered bots tested failed to pass any.
Li says the test relies on the unique way the human brain processes visual information.Is there a combined image of an apple in the image of a city？AI﹣powered bots couldn't tell but humans can.This kind of gap between what AI and humans are capable of is also useful to researchers looking to improve AI，he says."They're trying to make AIs closer to human，closer and closer，but the more similar to humans AIs are，the harder it is for us to distinguish AI﹣powered bots from humans，"says Li.
He expects AI to eventually become more capable than humans even at visual tests，which will force CAPTCHAs to look for things that AIs can do but humans cannot to tell AIs from humans.However，AIs will then learn to pretend to be unable to do these tasks."I think it's going to be a problem forever "he says.
（1）What do we know about previous CAPTCHA tests？ 　 　
A.They are intended to develop bots.
B.They are ineffective in blocking all bots.
C.They are designed to attack websites.
D.They are too tricky for humans to pass.
（2）How do humans pass IllusionCAPTCHA tests？ 　 　
A.By inputting photos and texts.
B.By combining different images.
C.By telling hidden visual information.
D.By creating images in special shapes.
（3）What's paragraph 5 mainly about？ 　 　
A.The benefit of AI improvement.
B.The result of CAPTCHA tests.
C.The function of the human brain.
D.The value of human﹣AI difference.
（4）How will CAPTCHAs develop in the future according to Li？ 　 　
A.They will be useless for advances in AI.
B.They will gradually switch to visual tests.
C.They will be constantly challenged by Al.
D.They will make use of the weaknesses of Al.
7．（2025 浦东新区三模） The grammar school boy from Stratford﹣upon﹣Avon has delivered a significant academic impact after ground﹣breaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children's literacy and emotional development.But only if you act him out.A study found that a"rehearsal（彩排）room"approach to teaching Shakespeare broadened children's vocabulary and writing complexity as well as their emotional literacy.
"The research shows that the way actors work makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves，"Jacqui O"Hanlon of the Royal Shakespeare Company（RSC） said."Allowing children to use their whole bodies to bring the text to life and to make choices about character motivation had long been thought to improve literacy but now the research supported it"，she added.The randomized control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils at 45 state primary schools with no prior exposure to RSC pedagogy（教学法）.They were split into target and control groups and asked to write，for example，a message in a bottle as Ferdinand after the shipwreck in The Tempest（《暴风雨》）.The target group was given a 30﹣minute drama﹣based activity to accompany the passage.
The peer﹣reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils tapped into a wider vocabulary，used words classed as more complicated or rarer，and wrote at greater length.They also appear to be more comfortable writing in role.While control pupils imagine how they themselves would react to being shipwrecked，target children put themselves in the shoes of a literary character and express that character's emotion.Another study also found that while control pupils relied on"desert island cliches（陈词滥调）"such as palm trees，target pupils were more expressive giving a broader picture of the sky，the sea and the atmospheric conditions.
O'Hanlon expressed surprise at the emotional literacy in the target children's writing，noting they were more adaptable and hopeful.She stressed that it was probably related to the rehearsal room process where you were used to trying to imagine your way through.She also said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare's use of 20，000 words，compared with the everyday2，000 words，significantly enriches children's language experience，especially when they engage their whole bodies to bring the words to life.She added："The reason we are performing Shakespeare's work 400 years on is that there are so many different choices to make about character motivation，the meanings of different kinds of speeches，the setting.Shakespeare is great at asking you the questions.He doesn't give you the answers and that's why it's such an interesting and creative body of work to explore."
（1）Which of the following learners' activities fits the"rehearsal room"approach？ 　 　
A.Physically perform Shakespeare's works.
B.Emotionally reading Shakespeare's plays.
C.Independently writing reviews of Shakespeare's plays.
D.Regularly memorizing the lines of Shakespeare's works.
（2）What can we learn from the peer﹣reviewed results？ 　 　
A.Control pupils generally write longer pieces.
B.Target pupils prefer using common vocabulary.
C.Target pupils better identify with literary characters.
D.Control pupils fail to react to an imagined situation.
（3）O'Hanlon would most likely to agree that 　 　 .
A.young children demonstrate strong literacy and motivation
B.memorizing Shakespeare's texts directly teaches emotional skills
C.actors' performance helps children's language learning and mental development
D.Shakespeare's enduring popularity lies in open questions and diverse interpretations
（4）Which of the following might be the best title of this passage？ 　 　
A.Language's Power：Writing in role
B.Shakespeare's Magic：Learning by Acting
C.A Discovery Journey：Exploring Shakespeare's World
D.A Path to Growth：Conducting Drama﹣driven Research
8．（2025 贵州模拟） To date，artificial repellents（驱虫剂） have been the best way to keep mosquitoes away.However，they can cause a range of health problems，which has led many to search for alternatives.The compounds responsible for nice smell of lavender（熏衣草），known as essential oils，have long been shown to drive away mosquitoes.
In a paper in the Journal of Pest Science，Zeeshan Tariq and Xiaoqn Wang at Soochow University in China use their background as textile engineers to turn the oils into long﹣lasting mosquito﹣repellent cloth that can be fashioned into outerwear.
The researchers created a solution（溶液） of silk fibroin and gum Arabic，a substance used to help the materials form into stable structures.The solution was stirred continuously at warm temperatures as lavender oil and water were added.Under these conditions，the silk fibroin and gum Arabic formed into tiny oil﹣containing capsules.When the solution was cooled，the stirring stopped and other important ingredients were added，the capsules sank to the bottom for collection.
They then tied many thousands of these capsules to pieces of cotton cloth.Keen to see if the cloth would drive mosquitoes away，Dr.Tariq and Dr.Wang turned it into arm﹣length gloves.Then three volunteers repeatedly put gloved arms into containers full of starving mosquitoes for five minutes at a time.The researchers noted how many of the mosquitoes landed on the volunteers' arms during each trial.As a control，each volunteer was also asked to wear a glove with no lavender capsules.It's reported that an average of 15 mosquitoes landed on each control glove，the average landing on each scented（有香味的） arm was less than one.
The researchers were also eager to test how well the cloth held up in the wash，They，therefore，threw the gloves into ordinary washing machines and repeated the trials.Even after 40 washes，an average of only 2.5 mosquitoes landed on the 15% gloves during trials.Success has rarely smelled sweeter.
（1）What makes lavender oil an alternative to artificial repellents？ 　 　
A.Smell.
B.Safety.
C.Color.
D.Cost.
（2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ 　 　
A.The formation of lavender oil capsules.
B.The test of the specially designed cloth.
C.The collection of oil﹣containing capsules.
D.The benefits of silk fibroin and gum Arabic.
（3）What does the underlined phrase"control glove"refer to？ 　 　
A.A glove with mosquitoes in it.
B.A glove controlling mosquitoes.
C.A glove giving off lavender scent.
D.A glove without lavender capsules.
（4）How does the author feel about the experiment？ 　 　
A.Critical.
B.Concerned.
C.Satisfied.
D.Skeptical
9．（2025 朝阳区校级四模） Twenty years ago，a few of Los Angeles' West Adams residents and their friends had a novel idea：take a jackhammer to break up the asphalt（沥青） and cement at their neighborhood's 24th Street Elementary School to plant shade trees and a garden.
They created the Garden School Foundation to support the project，which school and foundation officials believe was a farsighted decision.Elizabeth Hall.the foundation's head of development says the 24th Street School gardens are critical to teaching climate literacy（素养） to 453 pre﹣kindergarten through fourth﹣grade students.
An outdoor learning center sits at the heart of the 24th Street Elementary School garden，which now covers a thriving acre with woods of shade trees，an orchard with kumquats，apples，pears and pomegranates and too many vegetable，herb and flower beds to count.
24th Street Elementary is "special，"said Principal Veronica Brown.The foundation developed the curriculum for outdoor learning.which is integrated into regular classroom science lessons as well as other subjects，particularly language arts.Students learn where their food comes from，how to grow it and cook it，and then recycle the waste into compost（肥料）."These things should be copied at every school，"she added.
This spring the school was named a California Green Ribbon School﹣the only one in the Los Angeles Unified School District.The award recognizes campuses that have reduced their environmental impact and costs，improved the health and wellness of students and staff，and provided an effective environmental education.
What's the best thing about the garden？Earlier this year，three third﹣graders said they liked the sunflowers and eating fruit，particularly mulberries.They were pleased that"the juice stains your clothes."
The goal of the garden program is to create lifelong sustainability habits in the students and their families，Hall said.Last year，the school turned 16，000 pounds of cafeteria food waste into 1，600 pounds of compost.
"Once kids understand how to do it and why，they like the ickiness of it，"said Ann Dang，the school's compost manager."They dig into the compost.And push their parents to do it at home."
（1）What was the main purpose of establishing the Garden School Foundation？　 　
A.To promote climate literacy education.
B.To improve overall campus environment.
C.To attract community involvement.
D.To try out a novel school design.
（2）What can be inferred from Principal Veronica Brown's words？　 　
A.More outdoor learning centers should be built.
B.The curriculum is centered on outdoor learning.
C.The school sets a good example for other schools.
D.The project helps students' academic performance.
（3）What's the main reason for 24th Street Elementary to win the award？　 　
A.Its large garden size.
B.Its environmental efforts.
C.Its unique curriculum.
D.Its excellent students.
（4）How does the compost program influence students' families？　 　
A.It strengthens family bonds.
B.It decreases school fees.
C.It raises test scores.
D.It boosts household recycling.
10．（2025 合肥三模）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Blue Light Protection Guidelines
What is blue light？
When we look at digital screens，we expose ourselves to large amounts of blue light.This type of exposure isn't as dangerous as the type of radiation we get from X﹣rays or ultraviolet light（紫外线），but studies have suggested too much exposure can lead to digital eye strain（疲劳） and retinal（视网膜） damage.In addition，blue light also affects sleep schedules.
What are blue light glasses？
Blue﹣light glasses work to reduce the intensity of short﹣wavelength light.They are marketed to help with eye strain by blocking blue light，thus improving sleep quality.
Do they work？
Will they improve your health？The answer is that we don't know.The current research regarding the impact of blue light on our eyes，as well as the effectiveness of blue﹣light blocking glasses，has been generally inconclusive.One study suggests blue light glasses may help protect the retina from long﹣term blue light exposure.However，another study concludes there's a "lack of high﹣quality evidence" to support their effectiveness in reducing eye strain，improving sleep quality，or preventing retinal damage.
Usage recommendations
Over﹣reliance on blue light glasses without breaks may worsen eye strain.Spending days glued to your computer can be hard on your well﹣being，so be sure to take regular breaks and take care of your health.
Notes
If a pair is outside of your budget and you're looking for other ways to ease eye strain，try the 20﹣20﹣20 rule：every 20 minutes spent on a screen，take a break to look at an object 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.
（1）What are blue﹣light glasses designed to do？　 　
A.Block ultraviolet rays completely.
B.Prevent long﹣term retinal damage.
C.Block blue light for eye comfort.
D.Improve sleep quality dramatically.
（2）How does the author think of the impact of blue﹣light glasses？　 　
A.Supportive.
B.Uncertain.
C.Unconcerned.
D.Enthusiastic.
（3）What is the author's main advice for reducing eye strain？　 　
A.Wear blue﹣light glasses when using screens.
B.Avoid spending too much time on the computer.
C.Combine healthy screen habits with regular breaks.
D.Use the 20﹣20﹣20 rule instead of wearing glasses.
11．（2025 合肥三模） Electric vehicles（EV） are a key component of the global shift toward sustainable energy，but a new study highlights a significant challenge：the refining（提纯） of critical minerals for EV batteries could lead to pollution hotspots near manufacturing centers.
The study reveals that fully domesticating the supply chains for EV production could drive national sulfur dioxide（SO） emissions up by as much as 20% compared to current levels.Most of these emissions would stem from the refining and production of nickel and cobalt（镍和钴），essential materials for modern EV batteries.
The researchers argued that if left unaddressed，pollution from battery manufacturing will become an increasingly global challenge as EV adoption rates rise.Even if some countries were to outsource battery manufacturing，without strategies to reduce SO2 emissions，they would simply be offloading the problem to another country.
For countries like India who is in the early stages of supply chain development，the lowest﹣hanging fruit would be to focus first on cleaning up pollution from the power sector.This would require enforcing stricter SO2pollution control measures for thermal power plants，using mature technologies like flue﹣gas desulfurization.For others，which already have strict emissions controls for the power sector，the focus needs to shift to mitigating SO2emissions from the battery manufacturing process.
In addition to their policy recommendation for proactive air pollution standards，which would likely happen at the national or subnational level，the researchers also examined how changing the battery chemistry in EV could avoid unwanted SO2 emissions at a more global scale.While most EV batteries today rely on cobalt and nickel，the rise of alternative chemistries that use iron and phosphate（磷酸铁锂电池） could circumvent some of the concers associated with mining and refining nickel and cobalt.
In all events，the findings serve as a reminder to keep people at the top of mind when designing decarbonization plans，as even the most promising technologies could come with unwanted and unintended consequences.
（1）Why does the author write the text？ 　 　
A.To compare different types of EV batteries.
B.To warn about the pollution risk from EV batteries.
C.To call for global cooperation in EV development.
D.To explain why EV development has slowed down.
（2）What would happen if EV battery manufacturing were fully domestic？ 　 　
A.It would promote the national economy.
B.It would speed up EV battery production.
C.It would boost nickel and cobalt refining.
D.It would cause more domestic SO2 emissions.
（3）Why does the author mention India in the passage？ 　 　
A.To criticize India's current emission control measures.
B.To suggest that developing countries face pollution risks.
C.To show that countries need tailored pollution strategies.
D.To illustrate India's progress in supply chain development.
（4）How does the author feel about promising green technologies like EVs？ 　 　
A.Cautiously optimistic about their future.
B.Fully confident in their economic benefits.
C.Disappointed in their environmental impact.
D.Deeply alarmed by their potential side effects.
12．（2025 西宁二模） Have you ever wondered about people's names？Where do they come from？What do they mean？
People's first names，or given names，are chosen by their parents.Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other members of the family is used.Some parents choose the name of a well﹣known person.A boy could be named George Washington Smith；a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things.Clara means "bright"；Beatrice means "one who gives happiness"；Donald means "world ruler"；Leonard means "as brave as a lion".
The earliest last names，or surnames （姓），were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a small river；someone called﹣Longstreet probably lived on a long，paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people's occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith，which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past，smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Some other occupational names are：Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart；Potter — a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in the r nat ve village.The Carpenter's great﹣great﹣great﹣grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for their special abilities.When there were two men who were named John in the same village，John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name.English﹣speaking people added "﹣s" or "﹣son".The Johnsons are descendants of John；the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added "Mac" or "Mc" or "O".Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？　 　
A．The history of family first names.
B．The meaning of popular first names.
C．The role of family traditions in choosing first names.
D．The different ways parents choose their children's first names.
（2）Where did Donald Greenwood probably live？　 　
A．Close to a small river.
B．Near a long，paved road.
C．In or near a green，wooded area.
D．In a village where people made tools.
（3）What was the most likely occupation of the ancestors of the Potter family？　 　
A．Making kitchen tools.
B．Making things with metals.
C．Owning or driving a cart.
D．Building houses and furniture.
（4）What does the underlined word "descendants" in the last paragraph mean？　 　
A．Friends.
B．Supporters.
C．Coworkers.
D．Later generations.
13．（2025 南京二模） This might sound impossibly old﹣fashioned，but I still like the idea that education is about learning：facts，skills，culture，analysis，inspiration.It's supposed to make us better citizens.But over the last decade，the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees.The unfortunate result has been inflation （膨胀） of both.They rise ever higher；learning doesn't.
To avoid discouraging students，some school districts did away with D and F grades.
Grade﹣point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not.It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence.But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent，parents and the public should not be fooled.
That's true not just of low﹣achieving students.In a 2023 survey，educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn，and 8 out of 10 teachers give in.It's hard to blame them：A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't.
Unearned grades are damaging in many ways.Some students，armed with good grades，march off to college to find themselves in remedial （补习的） classes because they haven't learned enough to take college﹣level courses.Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books.
Grade inflation has followed students into college.Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations，which are often more negative for tough graders.Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct （兼职） professors who have few job protections.Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry﹣pick easy﹣grading professors.Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more.We have to ask ourselves as a society：Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth —or a performative exercise in grade fishing？
（1）What are parents fooled into thinking？ 　 　
A.SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities.
B.The purpose of education is to make better citizens.
C.Grade﹣point averages are vital for college application.
D.Children's high grades reflect their exceptional abilities.
（2）What is a consequence of grade inflation？ 　 　
A.Employers favor students with higher degrees.
B.Graduates fall short of employers' expectations.
C.Remedial classes become required courses in college.
D.Low﹣achieving students find it harder to enter college.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.Tough graders desire job security.
B.Strict grading promotes real learning.
C.Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth.
D.Easy﹣grading professors start grade inflation.
（4）What is the best title of the text？ 　 　
A.The game of scores.
B.Today，Grade A is for average.
C.The force behind grade inflation.
D.Now，learning takes the front seat.
14．（2025 雨花区校级模拟） In the early 1900s，French chemist，Edouard Benedictus，invented shatterproof（防碎的） glass by chance.But its significance and relevance didn't emerge until the car market created the problem for which he had already found the answer.
Such moments of serendipity reveal the unpredictable nature of innovation.Yet，even in cases where chance plays a role，as in Benedictus's story，the broader question remains：Are such discoveries truly born of luck，or were they somehow"in the air，"waiting for the right person to seize them？
Some argue all the discoveries would have been made by other people.They believe if the time was ripe in conceptual and technological terms，someone would have got there sooner or later.This is the used and abused understanding of theories that were"in the air".Independently，Charles Darwin and Alfred R.Wallace（the latter 15 years behind Darwin） arrived at the theory of evolution by natural selection，both counting on similar data.There existed slight differences in the theory，but the coincidences of thought were astonishing.This phenomenon，which also exists in biological evolution，is called convergence：two non﹣closely related species develop similar functional adaptations.This occurs because the environment poses similar survival problems to both，namely similar selective pressures.This is an important clue that can help explain why this dynamic also exists in scientific knowledge：There are similar selective pressures and different research groups that compete to come up with the solutions.
If we analyze the steps undertaken that led to the result，we can see that there were in fact some accidental elements.The overall dynamic was not accidental，though.Yet is it really possible that all discoveries were in the air？
Let us assume for a moment that this is true and that the most luck can do is speed up the inevitable.All scientists are standing on the shoulders of the giants who have gone before them，and there is objectively a cumulative（积累的） element in science.Nevertheless，at some point and in the right circumstances，it was the unknown scientists，not the giants，who managed to see a little farther.The mind of the giant was imprisoned by prior knowledge and so trapped within the framework of established habits，research questions，and established methods.The new，little﹣known scientist，on the other hand，will in one way or another have been able to break free of the chains of established knowledge.And so it will have been possible for them to imagine other worlds.This suggests that it will be innovators，with their prepared minds，who have a better chance of making accidental discoveries，namely that are irregular and unexpected.
（1）In paragraph 2 "serendipity"refers to 　 　 .
A.accidental invention
B.emergence of problems
C.late recognition
D.chemical innovation
（2）The example of Darwin and Wallace is given to illustrate 　 　 .
A.fierce competition among biological scientists
B.the important role of similar data in intentional research
C.independent but similar solutions under shared pressures
D.limited resources and technological dependency in science
（3）What advantage might lesser﹣known scientists have over established researchers？ 　 　
A.Access to advanced tools.
B.Freedom from rigid mindsets.
C.Stronger peer cooperation.
D.Greater funding opportunities.
（4）Which statement best reflects the main idea of the passage？ 　 　
A.All discoveries are inevitable results of technological progress.
B.Serendipity alone drives groundbreaking scientific achievements.
C.Traditional methods prevent innovation and should be abandoned.
D.Major breakthroughs integrate prepared minds with accidental opportunities.
15．（2025 广州模拟）Babies appear to know how to help those in need，according to researchers who studied signs of altruism in almost 100 children.
Researchers who wanted to see whether children would give up their food to a stranger without encouragement found the kids did just that﹣﹣﹣﹣even when they were hungry.
The scientists recruited 96 19﹣month﹣old children.During the experiments，a child and a researcher sat across from each other.In the control group of the first set of experiments，researchers threw a piece of fruit onto a plate where they couldn't reach，but the child could.They then waited.In contrast，researchers in the test group pretended to drop the fruit on the plate，then tried and failed to reach it.This signaled to the child that the adult wanted the food.
Among the control group，only 4 percent of the children gave the piece of fruit to the researchers，compared with 58 percent，or over half，in the test group.
Next，the team explored if children would still be generous when it was at a cost to themselves.The first set of experiments was repeated with a separate group of kids before their lunchtime，when they were likely to be hungry.Similarly，37 percent of the test group handed over their fruit，compared with none in the control group.
The experiments were repeated four times.Researchers got similar results each time.Babies with siblings （兄弟姐妹） and babies from Latino or Asian families shared more of the fruit，the team also found.
Carter Morgan，lead professor of the study said， "We often think of babies as selfish.But here we find that they are willing to help others even when it comes at some 'cost' to the self."
Addressing why children with siblings or from certain cultural backgrounds were more likely to share their fruit，Morgan said， "We believe this partly reflects what social psychologists call 'interdependence'，which stresses on the importance of interpersonal connections and adjusting to others.These social experiences that shape attitudes towards sharing appear to have an effect very early in life."
（1）The underlined word "altruism" most probably means 　 　 .
A．generosity
B．creativity
C．friendliness
D．confidence
（2）What can be inferred about 19﹣month﹣old babies？ 　 　
A．They know when to have lunch.
B．They understand signals for help.
C．They can classify different fruits.
D．They can express their needs freely.
（3）Which graph best explains the findings of the experiments？ 　 　
A． B． C． D．
（4）What can we learn from the text？ 　 　
A．Attitudes towards sharing change greatly as people get older.
B．Babies from families with an only child are not willing to share.
C．It's easier to control babies' selfish desires when they are hungry.
D．Social experiences play a role in affecting babies' behavior of sharing.
16．（2025 沙坪坝区校级模拟） J.D.Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye remains a classic novel of adolescent rebellion and isolation，connecting with generations since its 1951 publication.Through the voice of Holden Caulfield，a teenager kicked out of prep school，Salinger captures the raw emotions of youth —anger，confusion，and a desperate search for realness in a world he dismisses as "phoney".The novel's lasting power lies not in grand adventures but in its intimate portrayal of Holden's internal struggles，which reflect universal teenage experiences.
Holden's journey through New York City acts as a psychological exploration.He criticizes the hypocrisy（虚伪） of the adult world，mocks social expectations，and fantasizes about escaping to a simpler life "away from all the nonsense." Yet beneath his cynical （愤世嫉俗的） appearance lies vulnerability.
Symbolism deepens the novel's exploration of innocence and loss.The repeated image of the "catcher in the rye" —Holden's fantasy of saving children from falling off a cliff —symbolizes his wish to preserve childhood innocence.His repeated visits to the Museum of Natural History，where displays stay unchanged，reveal his Ingoing for stability.The ducks in Central Park's lake，which mysteriously disappear each winter，mirror Holden's anxiety about life's uncertainties.Even the novel's controversial language，criticized when first published and briefly defended later in one publisher's preface （序言） as "authentic adolescent voice"，serves as a rebellion against social norms，making Holden's voice feel startlingly real.
Though set in the 1950s，The Catcher in the Rye continues to speak to modern teenagers.In an era dominated by social media and artificial identities，Holden's hatred of hypocrisy feels strikingly relatable.Unlike today's digital interactions，Holden's handwritten letters and face﹣to﹣face encounters in the novel emphasize the original and pure nature of human connection.Salinger's refusal to romanticize adolescence—offering no easy answers to Holden's pain—challenges readers to confront their own struggles with growing up.The novel endures not as a relic but as a timeless conversation about the confusion and struggles of youth.
（1）Where is the text most probably taken from？ 　 　
A．A comment on modern education.
B．A book review of Salinger's novel.
C．A publisher's preface for a special edition.
D．A psychological study on teenage rebellion.
（2）What does the underlined word "phoney" in paragraph 1 most likely mean？ 　 　
A．Fake.
B．Dangerous.
C．Traditional.
D．Complicated.
（3）According to paragraph 3，what does the image "catcher in the rye" represent？ 　 　
A．Holden's admiration for rural life.
B．Holden's desire to escape society.
C．Holden's criticism of education systems.
D．Holden's wish to protect childhood purity.
（4）What does Salinger agree with according to the final paragraph？ 　 　
A．Adolescence deserves romanticizing.
B．Genuine human connections are vital.
C．Social media fosters sincere connections.
D．Teenagers require straightforward life solutions.
17．（2025 天津模拟） In a groundbreaking new study，researchers have discovered bottled water sold in stores can contain 10 to 100 times more bits of plastic than previously estimated —nanoplastics （纳米塑料） are so tiny that they cannot be seen under a microscope.
At 1，000th the average width of a human hair，nanoplastics are so tiny they can migrate through the tissues of the digestive tract （消化道） or lungs into the bloodstream，distributing potentially harmful artificial chemicals throughout the body and into cells，experts say.
One liter of water —equal to two standard﹣size bottled waters —contained an average of 240，000 plastic particles （粒子） from seven types of plastics，of which 90% were identified as nanoplastics and the rest were microplastics，according to the new study.
Microplastics are polymer fragments that can range from less than 0.2 inch （5 millimeters） down to l/25，000th of an inch （1 micrometer）.Anything smaller is a nanoplastic that must be measured in billionths of a meter.
In the new study，published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，researchers from Columbia University presented a new technology that can see，count and analyze the chemical structure of nanoparticles in bottled water.
Instead of 300 per liter，the team behind the latest study found the actual number of plastic bits in three popular brands of water sold in the United States to be in between 110，000 and 370，000，if not higher.
"The innovative new techniques presented in the study open the door for further research to better understand the potential risks to human health." said Jane Houlihan，research director for Healthy Babies，Bright Futures —nonprofits committed to reducing babies' exposures to neurotoxic （毒害神经的） chemicals，who was not involved in the study.
"Infants and young children may face the greatest risks，as their developing brains and bodies are often more vulnerable to impacts from toxic exposures." said Houlihan in an email.
Nanoplastics are the most worrisome type of plastic pollution for human health，experts say.That's because the particles can invade individual cells and tissues in major organs，potentially interrupting cellular processes and depositing harmful chemicals such as bisphenols，phthalates，PFAS，and heavy metals.
There are things people can do to reduce their exposure to plastics，said Houlihan. "We can avoid consuming foods and drinks in plastic containers.We can wear clothing made from natural fabrics and buy consumer products made from natural materials，" Houlihan said. "We can simply assess the plastic in our daily lives and find alternatives whenever possible."
（1）Where can nanoplastics be found in our body？　 　
A．The blood.
B．The lung.
C．The stomach.
D．Almost everywhere.
（2）What are the differences between nanoplastics and microplastics？　 　
A．Nanoplastics are harmful，while microplastics aren't.
B．Nanoplastics exist in bottled waters，while microplastics don't.
C．Nanoplastics can migrate through certain tissues，while microplastics can't.
D．Nanoplastics are relatively bigger，while microplastics are much smaller.
（3）Why is Jane Houlihan's statement mentioned in paragraph 7？　 　
A．To add more background information for the new study.
B．To make preparations for the following contents.
C．To provide an objective evaluation of the new study.
D．To encourage readers to focus on the new study.
（4）What is the meaning of the underlined word "vulnerable" the passage？　 　
A．Fragile.
B．Optimistic.
C．Emotional.
D．Ignorant.
（5）What is the main idea of the passage？　 　
A．The discovery of nanoplastics in bottled water.
B．The health risks of nanoplastics in bottled water.
C．The impact of nanoplastics on human health.
D．The importance of reducing plastic use.
18．（2025 深圳模拟） A new groundbreaking study reveals a landmark breakthrough in the field of snakebite treatment.Researchers，led by David Baker from the University of Washington，have designed new proteins﹣unlike any found in nature﹣that can inactivate some of the most poisonous components of snake bite toxins（毒素）.
Snakebites represent a substantial global health issue，affecting millions of people each year.According to the World Health Organization，over 2 million people suffer from snakebites annually，with more than 100，000 deaths and 300，000 cases of permanent disabilities.Current treatment options，mainly obtained from animal blood，often present drawbacks，including high production costs，limited efficiency，and severe side effects，such as causing shock and breathing difficulties.
In light of these challenges，Baker and his team have made effective use of deep learning tools to develop artificial proteins capable of attaching to and inactivating toxins.The study focuses on a specific group of snake proteins known as three﹣finger toxins.These toxins often bypass the immune（免疫的） system，making conventional treatments ineffective.Notably，the newly designed proteins provide significant protection against deadly amounts of three﹣finger toxins in mice，achieving survival rates ranging from 80% to 100%.
By avoiding the lengthy and resource﹣intensive processes associated with conventional antibody development，this approach could lead to more accessible and affordable treatments.Also，the new proteins are smaller，allowing for greater penetration（渗透） into body systems to quickly inactivate the toxins and reduce damage.The efficiency and speed at which these proteins can be designed and produced using AI indicate a transformative shift in drug discovery processes，especially in resource﹣limited settings.
While the study's findings are encouraging，the researchers acknowledge that traditional antitoxins will remain central to snakebite treatment for the near future.The newly created computer﹣designed antitoxins can be integrated into existing treatment as additions，enhancing the overall effectiveness of established treatments.Meanwhile，scientists believe the new methods employed in this study could be beneficial to tackling other diseases，potentially leading to the emergence of less expensive medicines for various health challenges.
（1）Which is a shortcoming of the current snakebite treatments？ 　 　
A.They mainly rely on animal blood.
B.They are effective in certain regions.
C.They can lead to serious health risks.
D.They may leave toxins in patients' bodies.
（2）How did Baker's team deal with the current challenges？ 　 　
A.By inventing deep learning tools.
B.By identifying more snake toxins.
C.By enhancing the immune system.
D.By designing AI﹣generated proteins.
（3）What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning Baker's new study？ 　 　
A.Its advantages.
B.Its strategies.
C.Its procedures.
D.Its limitations.
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.The existing approaches are hard to change.
B.The conventional treatments are out of date.
C.The new methods might enlighten other treatments.
D.The new antitoxins will be the core of future methods.
19．（2025 福州三模） In the heartland of Japan，where endless green rice fields paint the landscape like a living blanket，a remarkable form of artistry has emerged﹣rice paddy art，a practice that transforms ordinary farmland into colourful artworks.While children and adults alike are delighted by the surprisingly complex images，one might wonder：what makes the art a reality？
The secret lies in the rice shoots（秧苗）.As the plants of different varieties grow，each type progressively turns a different colour﹣ranging from shades of green to purple or gold﹣to bring an artwork to life.These colorful blocks and lines in fields form vivid designs：towering mountains，lovely animals，and even famous characters from movies and cartoons，which are easily recognizable from high places.
The tradition of the paddy art can trace back to just three decades ago in Inakadate，a small Japanese village where rice has been grown for over 2，000 years.The locals got the idea from the sight of children's multi﹣colored paintings of rice paddies，then transformed the concept and experimented with it in rice planting.Their efforts paid off.The paddy fields became tourist attractions，greatly boosting the local economy.
Creating such art is no simple task.It begins with thorough planning：artists draft detailed blueprints，mapping out exactly the location for each rice variety.Farmers and volunteers then work side by side，carefully planting rice shoots in accordance with the plan.Over months，the fields demand constant care﹣weeding，watering，and protecting the orops.
While Inakadate remains the birthplace of rice paddy art，it now extends widely across Japan.The practice is also becoming all the rage in other countries.In Thailand，one man even arranged for a custom piece of art that spelt out a message asking his girlfriend to marry him.
Beyond serving as a striking visual display，the paddy art symbolizes harmony between tradition and innovation.It invites families to experience the beauty of farming，supports rural communities through tourism，and proves that even the ancient practice can adapt to modern creativity﹣all while keeping nature at its core.
（1）What is special about the rice shoots？ 　 　
A.Their colours vary with growth.
B.They grow better at high places.
C.They are created by famous artists.
D.Their designs are meant for movies.
（2）What can we infer about creating the paddy art from paragraph 4？ 　 　
A.It is cost﹣effective.
B.It is time﹣saving.
C.It is weather﹣dependent.
D.It is cooperation﹣based.
（3）What does the underlined phrase"becoming all the rage"in paragraph 5 mean？ 　 　
A.Gaining popularity.
B.Making profits.
C.Celebrating traditions.
D.Boosting confidence.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A.More Harmonious，More Artistic.
B.When Rice Grows with Artistry.
C.How Tourism Affects Rice Growing .
D.Modern Tech，Modern Farming.
20．（2025 中原区校级模拟）
Talyllyn Driver Experiences are EXCLUSIVE﹣the whole trip is yours!
You blow the whistle，release the brakes and open the regulator，a hiss of steam and the train starts to move﹣ the start of the journey and the start of an experience of a lifetime.
Driver Experience： 600
Driver Experience Overview：
The small size of our narrow gauge locos（火车头） means that only one visitor can be on the loco at a time，so our Driver Experience trains really are EXCLUSIVE﹣the whole trip is yours，only carrying your guests.
During the breaks it will be possible to discuss the history of the line，its operation and its continued development﹣the questions are yours to ask.
Driver Experience Booking Information：
The cost of up to 3 guests accompanying the driver travelling on the train is included in the package.Any further guests（up to a maximum of 15）may enjoy the trip at a price of 10 each.
As the railway is operated by volunteers，please give us at least 4 weeks' notice of your preferred date to ensure that we have a volunteer crew available for the event.
Other Requirements：
A simple Medical Questionnaire will need to be satisfactorily completed.Good eyesight （with glasses if required） and hearing are obviously important，as is the ability to climb into and out of the cab!We regret that these Experiences are not suitable for disabled persons.
If you are interested and would like further information，please click here to contact us or email de@talyllyn.co.uk.
（1）What feature is included in Talyllyn Driver Experience？ 　 　
A.Tailored activities for disabled visitors.
B.Lectures on the development of the line.
C.A hands﹣on train driving opportunity.
D.A range of train sizes for participants.
（2）What is the minimum cost for 18 guests and a driver to enjoy a Driver Experience trip？ 　 　
A. 600.
B. 750.
C. 710.
D. 780.
（3）Which is a requirement for those going for the Experience？ 　 　
A.Making a reservation beforehand.
B.Volunteering to drive.
C.Taking a physical check.
D.Learning the history of the train line.
高考英语一轮复习 说明文阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025春 碑林区校级期中） Weight loss doesn't happen just by turning down dessert.Here，three women share the biggest motivators in their weight﹣loss journeys and the simple changes they made to actually achieve their health goals.
Alyssa Greene
The stress of starting college and continuous late nights caused Alyssa Greene to develop an unhealthy relationship with her body.Though she exercised，she didn't pay much attention to her diet and her overall health until she realized a change had to be made.Over the next 2.5 years，she self﹣educated about nutrition and learnt what and how much to eat to get the results she wanted.Today，Greene has lost 50 pounds and relies on self﹣discipline as her key motivator. "I do what I want for me，no one else，" she says. "For people who have a hard time making a lifestyle change because of family or friends or a significant other，it really boils down to discipline."
Tanisha Commodore
For years，Tanisha Commodore left no stone unturned when it came to weight loss strategies.After trying countless workout programmes and weight﹣loss diets，the desperate influencer began entertaining the idea of going to Mexico for weight﹣loss surgery when her friend happened to recommend a special diet.Over eight months，Commodore lost 80 pounds. "You didn't put it on overnight，so don't expect to lose it overnight，" she notes.
Denita Elizabeth
At one point，Denita Elizabeth weighed over 250 pounds and couldn't remember what it felt like to be healthy.Having made up her mind to make a change，Elizabeth signed up for a SoulCycle membership.Today she's lost 100 pounds. "Not only had my strength increased，but my whole body composition changed，" says Elizabeth. "Remember：you need to develop discipline and commitment for the moments when you don't feel like it."
（1）How did Greene lose weight？ 　B　
A．By working out.
B．By changing eating habits.
C．By enhancing motivation.
D．By going to bed early.
（2）What does Commodore suggest people do？ 　C　
A．Try different strategies.
B．Eat a strict diet.
C．Be patient.
D．Get gym membership.
（3）What do Greene and Elizabeth have in common？ 　B　
A．They are college students.
B．They are disciplined.
C．They are motivated by others.
D．They have achieved their goals quickly.
【答案】BCB
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三位女性分享成功减重的关键动力，以及她们为实现健康目标所做的简单改变。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Alyssa Greene部分Though she exercised，she didn't pay much attention to her diet and her overall health until she realized a change had to be made.Over the next 2.5 years，she self﹣educated about nutrition and learnt what and how much to eat to get the results she wanted.（尽管她锻炼，但她并没有太注意自己的饮食和整体健康，直到她意识到她必须做出改变。在接下来的两年半里，她自学了营养知识，学会了吃什么和吃多少才能达到她想要的效果）可知，格林是通过改变饮食习惯减肥的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Tanisha Commodore部分Over eight months，Commodore lost 80 pounds. "You didn't put it on overnight，so don't expect to lose it overnight，" she notes.（在八个多月的时间里，Commodore减掉了80磅。她指出："你不是在一夜之间增加体重，所以不要指望一夜之间就会减掉它。"）可知，Commodore表示人们不要指望一夜之间减肥，即建议人们要有耐心。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Alyssa Greene部分Today，Greene has lost 50 pounds and relies on self﹣discipline as her key motivator. "I do what I want for me，no one else，" she says. "For people who have a hard time making a lifestyle change because of family or friends or a significant other，it really boils down to discipline."（如今，格林已经瘦了50磅，依靠自律作为她的主要动力。"我为自己做我想做的事，而不是别人，"她说。"对于那些因为家人、朋友或重要的另一半而难以改变生活方式的人来说，这真的可以归结为自制力。"）以及 Denita Elizabeth部分Remember：you need to develop discipline and commitment for the moments when you don't feel like it.（记住：当你不喜欢它的时候，你需要培养自制力和承诺）可知，格林和伊丽莎白的共同点是她们都拥有自制力。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
2．（2025 河