非谓语动词作状语
导入
阅读灰太狼的故事并感知语法现象
Beaten by the sheep, he would come back to the village where the sheep lived again.
Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty to feed his family .
Working hard, he never succeeded in eating any one of the sheep in this village.
To get revenge(报仇）, he kept trying.
句子1和句子2的非谓语动词形式为： done
句子3的非谓语动词形式为： doing
句子4的非谓语动词形式为： to do
探究点一
语法规则：
非谓语作状语时，首先判断所考察非谓语动词的逻辑主语是哪个词，通常是主句的主语，然后思考该名词或代词与非谓语动词的主被动关系：
1.主动：doing
2.被动：done
3.to do作状语表目的、将来、或出乎意料的结果。
例题：1.doing表主动或进行：
Walking （walk）slowly, she enjoyed the scenery.
Singing （sing）a song, he cooked dinner for his wife.
2.done表被动或完成：
Pleased （Please）with her performance, the audience applauded loudly.
Fascinated （Fascinate）by the history of the city, they visited many museums.
to do表目的或将来：He went to the store _to buy______(buy) some milk.
情境变式：
1.I woke up early to catch （catch）the first train.
2. Mary sat by the window of the classroom，_reading_______（read）a book.
3.More highways have been built in China, _making_______(make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
4.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) _Covering ______________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5. __Built______(build) in 1970, the house looks very old now.
单项选择 (选择最佳选项填空)
1. ______ the good news, they all jumped with joy.
A. Heard
B. Hearing
C. To hear
D. Hear
2. ______ more clearly, the professor raised his voice.
A. To be heard
B. To hear
C. Hearing
D. Heard
3. ______ from the top of the mountain, the city looks like a garden.
A. Seeing
B. Seen
C. To see
D. See
答案：1. B. Hearing
解析：主语`they`和“听”是主动关系，且“听到好消息”和“跳起来”同时发生，用现在分词作原因状语。
2. A. To be heard
解析：教授提高声音的“目的”是“被听得更清楚”。主语`the professor`和“听”是被动关系，用不定式的被动式作目的状语。
3. B. Seen
解析：主语`the city`和“看”是被动关系（城市“被”看），用过去分词作条件/时间状语，相当于“When/If it is seen...”。
探究点二
语法规则：1.非谓语动词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作有明显的时间先后顺序（即发生在主句动作之前）：having done 或having been done
既表将来又表被动：to be done
表示一个动作正在被执行的非谓语动词：being done
例题：1. having done 或having been done
Having finished （finish）all the work, John left for home.
Having been told (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
to be done
To be accepted (accept) as a member of the group, he persuaded all his classmates to support him.
3.being done
Being scolded (scold) by his father, the boy dared not say anything.
专项练习：
4. ______ his homework, he went out to play basketball.
A. Finished
B. Finish
C. Finishing
D. Having finished
5. ______ in the heavy rain, he was wet to the skin.
A. Caught
B. Catching
C. To catch
D. Having caught
6. ______ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Give
7. ______ the room, I found the window open.
A. Entering
B. Entered
C. To enter
D. Having entered
8. ______ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding
B. To remind
C. Reminded
D. Having reminded
二、 用所给动词的非谓语形式填空
1. ________________ (work) hard, and you will succeed.
2. The old man sat in the sofa, ________________ (listen) to the radio.
3. ________________ (see) from the moon, our earth looks like a blue water globe.
4. ________________ (complete) the project, we had to work day and night.
5. ________________ (frighten) by the loud noise, the little girl started to cry.
6. The teacher walked into the classroom, ________________ (follow) by a group of students.
7. ________________ (not know) her address, I couldn't visit her.
8. The problem is too difficult ________________ (solve) in one day.
三、 改写句子 (使用非谓语动词短语合并或改写句子)
1. He turned off the light. Then he left the room.
→ ________________________, he left the room.
2. Because he was born into a poor family, he had to work at an early age.
→ ________________________, he had to work at an early age.
3. If I am given another chance, I will do it much better.
→ ________________________, I will do it much better.
4. When she heard the song, she couldn't help thinking of her childhood.
→ ________________________, she couldn't help thinking of her childhood.
答案：4. D. Having finished
解析：“完成作业”发生在“出去玩”之前，且有明显的先后顺序，用现在分词的完成式`having done`作时间状语。
5. A. Caught
解析：主语`he`和“困住/淋雨”是被动关系（他“被”大雨困住），用过去分词作原因状语。
6. A. Given
解析：主语`he`和“给”是被动关系（他“被”给予时间），用过去分词`given`作条件状语，相当于“If he is given time...”。
7. A. Entering 解析：主语`I`和“进入”是主动关系，且两个动作几乎同时发生，用现在分词作时间状语。
8. C. Reminded
解析：主语`the manager`和“提醒”是被动关系（经理“被”提醒），用过去分词作原因状语，相当于“Because he was reminded not to...”。
二、 用所给动词的非谓语形式填空
1. Work
解析：这是“祈使句 + and + 简单句”结构，`Work`是动词原形开的祈使句，并非严格意义上的非谓语作状语，但常在此类题型中出现。
2. listening
解析：现在分词作伴随状语，表示主语`the old man`在“坐”的同时进行的另一个动作。
3. Seen
解析：主语`our earth`和“看”是被动关系（地球“被”看），用过去分词作时间/条件状语。
4. To complete
解析：不定式作目的状语，解释“我们日夜工作”的目的是“为了完成项目”。
5. Frightened
解析：主语`the little girl`和“吓”是被动关系（小女孩“被”吓到），用过去分词作原因状语。
6. followed
解析：主语`The teacher`和“跟随”是被动关系（老师“被”学生跟随），用过去分词作伴随状语。
7. Not knowing
解析：主语`I`和“知道”是主动关系，用现在分词的否定式（not放前面）作原因状语。
8. to solve
解析：`too...to...`固定结构，不定式作结果状语，表示“太难以至于不能...”。
三、 改写句子
1. Having turned off the light或 Turning off the light
解析：“关灯”发生在“离开”之前，优先使用`having done`强调先后，也可用`doing`表示一连串动作。
2. Born into a poor family
解析：主语`he`和“出生”是被动关系，用过去分词`born`作原因状语。
3. Given another chance
解析：主语`I`和“给”是被动关系（我“被”给机会），用过去分词`given`作条件状语。
4. Hearing the song
解析：主语`she`和“听”是主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语。非谓语动词作状语
导入
阅读灰太狼的故事并感知语法现象
Beaten by the sheep, he would come back to the village where the sheep lived again.
Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty to feed his family .
Working hard, he never succeeded in eating any one of the sheep in this village.
To get revenge(报仇）, he kept trying.
句子1和句子2的非谓语动词形式为：
句子3的非谓语动词形式为：
句子4的非谓语动词形式为：
探究点一
语法规则：
非谓语作状语时，首先判断所考察非谓语动词的逻辑主语是哪个词，通常是主句的主语，然后思考该名词或代词与非谓语动词的主被动关系：
1.主动：doing
2.被动：done
3.to do作状语表目的、将来、或出乎意料的结果。
例题：1.doing表主动或进行：
（walk）slowly, she enjoyed the scenery.
（sing）a song, he cooked dinner for his wife.
2.done表被动或完成：
（Please）with her performance, the audience applauded loudly.
（Fascinate）by the history of the city, they visited many museums.
to do表目的或将来：He went to the store ____________(buy) some milk.
情境变式：
1.I woke up early （catch）the first train.
2. Mary sat by the window of the classroom，________（read）a book.
3.More highways have been built in China, ________(make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
4.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) _______________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5. ________(build) in 1970, the house looks very old now.
单项选择 (选择最佳选项填空)
1. ______ the good news, they all jumped with joy.
A. Heard
B. Hearing
C. To hear
D. Hear
2. ______ more clearly, the professor raised his voice.
A. To be heard
B. To hear
C. Hearing
D. Heard
3. ______ from the top of the mountain, the city looks like a garden.
A. Seeing
B. Seen
C. To see
D. See
探究点二
语法规则：1.非谓语动词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作有明显的时间先后顺序（即发生在主句动作之前）：having done 或having been done
既表将来又表被动：to be done
表示一个动作正在被执行的非谓语动词：being done
例题：1. having done 或having been done
（finish）all the work, John left for home.
(tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
to be done
(accept) as a member of the group, he persuaded all his classmates to support him.
3.being done
(scold) by his father, the boy dared not say anything.
专项练习：
4. ______ his homework, he went out to play basketball.
A. Finished
B. Finish
C. Finishing
D. Having finished
5. ______ in the heavy rain, he was wet to the skin.
A. Caught
B. Catching
C. To catch
D. Having caught
6. ______ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Give
7. ______ the room, I found the window open.
A. Entering
B. Entered
C. To enter
D. Having entered
8. ______ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding
B. To remind
C. Reminded
D. Having reminded
二、 用所给动词的非谓语形式填空
1. ________________ (work) hard, and you will succeed.
2. The old man sat in the sofa, ________________ (listen) to the radio.
3. ________________ (see) from the moon, our earth looks like a blue water globe.
4. ________________ (complete) the project, we had to work day and night.
5. ________________ (frighten) by the loud noise, the little girl started to cry.
6. The teacher walked into the classroom, ________________ (follow) by a group of students.
7. ________________ (not know) her address, I couldn't visit her.
8. The problem is too difficult ________________ (solve) in one day.
三、 改写句子 (使用非谓语动词短语合并或改写句子)
1. He turned off the light. Then he left the room.
→ ________________________, he left the room.
2. Because he was born into a poor family, he had to work at an early age.
→ ________________________, he had to work at an early age.
3. If I am given another chance, I will do it much better.
→ ________________________, I will do it much better.
4. When she heard the song, she couldn't help thinking of her childhood.
→ ________________________, she couldn't help thinking of her childhood.
