UNIT 1 TEENAGE LIFE
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与自我——参加篮球赛选拔)
作者在参加篮球选拔赛时由于身体不够强壮，技术不够熟练而落选。之后，听从妈妈的建议，下定决心刻苦训练……
精彩范文
Then I threw myself into as many basketball opportunities as I could find. I also took lessons to sharpen my skills.When summer rolled around，I threw myself into every basketball camp available.Through camp after camp，my abilities grew，and I knew I was finally in the shape necessary for tryouts.When it became a struggle to run down the basketball court，my determination fueled my discipline，bringing me to the point I knew I could reach. I became a bit taller，better-built，and much more confident.,
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的动词和词组
sharpen my skills，rolled around，threw oneself into，fueled
2.提分高级句式
现在分词短语作结果状语：
bringing me to the point I knew I could reach
1.prefer vt.(preferred，preferred，preferring)较喜欢→preference n.偏爱；优先权(priority)；偏爱的事物
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I prefer to appreciate(appreciate) the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy.
→I prefer appreciating(appreciate) the columns specially designed for teenagers to reading those about politics and economy.
②Most students have a preference(prefer) for English songs，with half of the students keen on watching English movies.(2022·全国乙卷)
③The reason why I prefer the classical music is that it always reminds me of the splendid traditional Chinese cultures.(why引导定语从句)
我之所以更喜欢古典音乐，是因为它总是让我想起灿烂的中国传统文化。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·prefer A to B 喜欢A而不喜欢B
prefer to do/doing sth 更喜欢做某事
prefer doing A to doing B 宁可做A而不愿做B
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不愿做B
·表达“宁可做A而不愿做B”还可以用以下结构：
would do A rather than do B
would rather do A than do B
·have a preference for 对……偏爱
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 There are roughly 65% of the students preferring to listen to English songs while 50% of the students choose to watch English movies.(短文投稿，2022·全国乙卷)
有大约65%的学生喜欢听英语歌曲，而50%的学生选择看英语电影。
2.recommend vt.建议(suggest/advise/propose)；推荐；介绍→recommendation
n.建议；推荐
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①My English teacher recommended buying(buy) an English-Chinese dictionary which he thought would be of great help to my study.
②I recommend you to attend/(should) attend(attend) the lecture，which will give you many useful approaches to learning foreign languages.(建议信)
③I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendship.
我向任何想要体验外国文化和获得有意义的友谊的人推荐一项交流活动。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
建议某人做某事
recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb as... 推荐某人当……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 The tourist attraction I strongly recommend is Mount Tai located in the middle of Shandong Province.(推荐信)
我强烈推荐的旅游胜地是位于山东省中部的泰山。
[点拨] recommend和recommendation后接从句时，从句谓语动词常用的“(should＋)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
3.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的→responsibility n.责任；义务(duty)
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①China has a responsibility (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.(2022·全国乙卷)
②No one can deny the fact that everyone is responsible for making our nation stronger.
③As a special education teacher at the school，it is my responsibility to help and encourage the disabled kid.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
作为学校的一名特殊教育教师，帮助和鼓励这个残疾的孩子是我的职责。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be responsible for sth 对……负责
·take responsibility for sth 对……负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
shoulder the responsibility 承担责任
It is one’s responsibility to do sth.
做某事是某人的职责。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 We are supposed to be responsible for our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect the oceans from being polluted.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
我们应该对我们的行为负责，尽全力去保护海洋不受污染。
4.schedule n.工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排(arrange)；预定
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We should work extra hours on the project to complete it on schedule or even ahead of schedule.
②As scheduled(schedule)，the lecture is supposed to take place in our school auditorium at 2：00 on Friday afternoon.(告知信)
③An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings is scheduled to be held on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24.(活动介绍)
学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在图书馆二楼举行。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·on schedule 准时；按时间表
ahead of schedule＝in advance 提前
·be scheduled to do sth 按计划要做某事
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佳句背诵 Aiming to appreciate the charm of English classics and promote English learning，the school English Club will host the “Read Classics，Learn English” activity，which is scheduled from April 1st to 14th.(活动介绍)
为欣赏英语经典的魅力，促进英语学习，学校英语俱乐部将于4月1日至14日举办“读名著，学英语”活动。
5.attract vt.吸引(draw/arrest)；引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attractive
adj.有吸引力的(appealing)→attraction n.[U]吸引；[C]吸引人的事物
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Attracted (attract) by the idea of going abroad for further study，I have made up my mind to improve my spoken English.
②On the way to the farm，fantastic scenery came into view，and you can imagine how attractive (attract) the farm is.(活动介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
③The West Lake，a tourist attraction lying in Hangzhou，attracts thousands of tourists every year.(景点介绍)
西湖，一处位于杭州的旅游胜地，每年吸引成千上万的游客。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
attract sb to sth 吸引某人关注某事
·tourist attraction 旅游景点
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佳句背诵 It occurred to/struck/hit me that the bear might be attracted by the smell of our garlic bread.So I threw the bread as far as I could.(2020·浙江7月卷)
我突然想到，这只熊可能是被我们大蒜面包的气味吸引，所以我把面包尽可能地向远处扔去。
6.focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)(concentrate)；(使)调节焦距 n.中心；重点；焦点
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①With his attention focused (focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.
②With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him，he felt very nervous.
③Take a deep breath and relax yourself instead of focusing (your attention) on/upon what brings you stress，and you will fall asleep soon.(建议信)
深呼吸，放松自己，而不是专注于带给你压力的事情，你就会很快入睡。
④Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I became the focus of attention of those who viewed the video posted online.(2021·浙江1月卷)
头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了在网上收看视频的那些人关注的焦点。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·focus on/upon 集中注意力于；特别关注
focus one’s attention/eyes/energy/effort(s) on/upon... 集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/努力于……
·the focus of... ……的焦点
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 As a member of society，we should undertake to focus on environmental protection and improve the ecology.(倡议书)
作为社会的一员，我们应该承诺注重环境保护，改善生态环境。
[联想]
表示“集中注意力于……”的短语还有：
·concentrate/fix one’s attention on...
·be buried in
·pay attention to
·be absorbed in
7.be addicted to对……很入迷(be fascinated by)；对……上瘾
以练促学 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Actually，addiction(addict) to drugs and alcohol can ruin a good life as well as health.
②Addicted to playing(play) the violin，he wasn’t aware that his father had walked into his house.
③Because they are addicted to online games，many teenagers find it difficult to focus on their learning.(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷)
→Addicted to online games，many teenagers find it difficult to focus on their learning.(形容词短语作状语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be/become addicted to... 沉溺于……；对……上瘾
·addict n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人
addicted adj. 入迷的；上瘾的；有瘾的
addiction n. 沉溺；嗜好；癖好
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Learning that you are addicted to table tennis，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.(邀请信)
得知你沉迷于乒乓球，我写信诚邀你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。
句型公式：make it＋adj./n.(＋for sb)＋to do sth
【教材原句】 But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
但是在网上花太多时间是不健康的，而且让人们很难集中精力在生活中的其他事情上。
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We thought it quite difficult to find our way back in the dark forest with the unexpected heavy rain.
②To keep fit，I make it a rule to work (work) out one hour after supper every day.
③You’d better master some basic Chinese in advance，which makes/making it easier for you to adjust to the new life in Beijing.(建议信)
你最好提前掌握一些基本的汉语，这样会让你更容易地适应在北京的新生活。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
(1)此句型中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。类似句型还有：
·make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句
·make＋it＋useless/no use/no good/...＋doing sth
(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：consider，think，feel，find等。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Besides，our school made it a routine to have regular fire drills where we learned to face fire emergencies calmly.(活动介绍)
此外，我们学校还将定期进行消防演习作为一种惯例，我们学会了冷静地面对火灾紧急情况。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Being a graduate in English，I make English lectures with ease.n.毕业生
②The outgoing volunteer is expert in driving cars.adj.熟练的；内行的
③The text we have chosen is titled “Wildlife Protection”.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) vt.加标题于
2.选出content的汉语意思
A.n.目录 B.adj.满意的，满足的 C.n.所容纳之物；所含之物；内容 D.n.含量 E.vt.使满足；使满意
①Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)C
②By looking at the contents page，you can know about the style of the book.A
③Some companies reduced their products’ sugar content in response to the sugar tax.(2022·全国乙卷改编) D
④ Content and joyful，she flew about 2 meters above the ground，turning her head from side to side as if expressing her gratitude to me for saving her life again. (2023·浙江1月卷)B
⑤I came to realize that we should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.(主旨升华)E
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Just quit complaining (complain).What matters now is how to get rid of such an embarrassing situation.
2.This advanced course is so difficult that it is not suitable(suit) for the beginners.
3.He became addicted (addict) to computer games after graduation (graduate)，and I found it really challenging (challenge) for him to quit.
4.At last，the editor who can speak English fluently (fluent) came up with a solution (solve) to the problem.
5.The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived (survive) China’s long history.(2021·全国甲卷)
6.Looking at her annoyed expression，we were confused(confuse) why she was so angry.
7.Before you sign up for the chess club，you should first register your information.
8.Recently we have organised a heated debate about/on/over whether students should take cell phones to school.(活动介绍)
9.Actually(actual)，smoking not only does harm to your physical health but also damages your mental health.
10.Anyone who wants to take the advanced(advance) literature course must sign up for it in advance.
练一 单元话题作文(邀请信——邀请外教Caroline做校园节目访谈)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①我是李华，一名负责校园广播站的学生。我写信邀请您参加我们节目的访谈。(responsible，同位语)
I am Li Hua，a student responsible for our Campus Broadcasting Station.I’m writing to invite you to an interview in our program.,
②我们青少年喜欢“Talk and Talk”，它主要关注我们丰富多彩的校园生活。(attract，focus on，非限制性定语从句)
We teenagers are attracted to “ Talk and Talk”，which mainly focuses on our varied and colorful campus life.
③您是教学方面的专家，有丰富的文学知识，我建议您做一个关于如何提高写作能力的访谈。(expert，literature，recommend doing)
As you are an expert in teaching and have rich knowledge of literature，I recommend giving a talk dealing with how to improve writing ability.
④我想知道这个星期六下午您是否方便。如果不方便的话，请告诉我什么时候对您最合适。(suit，if条件状语从句的省略)
I wonder if it is convenient for you this Saturday afternoon.If not，please tell me what time suits you best.
⑤您的光临将给我们留下深刻印象并使我们受益匪浅。如果您能提前确认您的到来，我将不胜感激。(advance/schedule)
Your presence will impress and benefit us greatly.I’d appreciate it if you could confirm your coming in advance/ahead of schedule.,
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear Caroline，
I am Li Hua，a student responsible for our Campus Broadcasting Station.I’m writing to invite you to an interview in our program.
We teenagers are attracted to “Talk and Talk”，which mainly focuses on our varied and colorful campus life.Actually，as you are an expert in teaching and have rich knowledge of literature，I recommend giving a talk dealing with how to improve writing ability.I wonder if it is convenient for you this Saturday afternoon.If not，please tell me what time suits you best.
Your presence will impress and benefit us greatly.I’d appreciate it if you could confirm your coming in advance/ahead of schedule.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第二步：成长中
1.The more she encouraged him，the faster he responded and he showed much interest in study.By the end of the year，Teddy had become one of the excellent children in the class. 她越鼓励他，他的反应就越快，他对学习表现出很大的兴趣。到年底，泰迪已经成为班上优秀的孩子之一。
2.In that moment，I realized what “You have come to show yourself” meant to me—I had come to show myself to my classmates and my teachers，to show them that I wasn’t just a girl who got held back and failed，that I was good for something，that I was enough the way I was.
在那一刻，我意识到“你是来展示你自己的”对我来说意味着什么——我是来向我的同学和老师展示我自己的，向他们展示我不只是一个被压抑的、失败的女孩，我是有价值的，我的样子已经足够了。
3.I am proud to have been strong in self-control.
我很自豪自己有强大的自制力。
4.Hearing my words，David beamed a big smile，stood up and moved towards the starting line.
听了我的话，大卫露出灿烂的笑容，站起来，走向起跑线。
5.This past year has been an experience of contrast，up and down，happy and sad，scared and brave，but in the end，I survived the most life-changing year.
过去的一年是一段充满对比的经历，起起落落，快乐和悲伤，恐惧和勇敢，但最后，我度过了人生中变化最大的一年。
[小试身手]
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.I followed him to the starting line.Looking at ①his determined face，I was touched by his courage.When the run began，every runner rushed forward like a flash after hearing the starting pistol.Though trying hard，David was left far behind.However，②he went all out to keep up with the others，his small body rocking from side to side，③showing no sign of giving up.Worn out，David reached the finishing line and all the students cheered up for him.“Congratulations！”The coach came closer and proudly claimed.David showed his usual big toothy smile.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我看着大卫和其他选手一起走向起跑线。我跟着他跑到起跑线。看着他坚定的脸，我被他的勇气所感动。赛跑开始时，每一个赛跑者听到发令枪响后，都像闪电一样向前冲去。虽然大卫很努力，但还是被远远甩在后面。然而，他用尽全力跟上其他人，他的小身体左右摇晃，没有放弃的迹象。疲惫不堪的大卫跑到终点线时，所有的学生都为他欢呼起来。“祝贺你！”教练走近他，骄傲地说。大卫露出了他惯常的咧嘴大笑。
(提示：构思情节第三步见下一单元。)UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与自然——海边脱困)
作者一家喜欢去海滩度假，一次在海边散步时，作者的爸爸发现了大海的异常，海啸发生了……
精彩范文
My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel. He grabbed my hand and pulled me with him. As we reached the hotel gate，we heard a roaring sound behind us.Quickly，my father pushed us towards the stairs.Fear gripped us and we reached the first floor when we heard the roar of rushing water and glass breaking.My father yelled at us to keep climbing.We stopped on the fourth floor and looked down at the water below us. It had stopped rising.After some minutes，it began to drop.,
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的词组
a roaring sound，rushing water，yelled at
2.精彩的动作描写
①grabbed my hand and pulled me...
②stopped on the fourth floor and looked down at the water...
③gripped us and we reached...
1.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(move/touch)→affection n.喜爱
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected(affect).(2022·浙江1月卷)
②Affected (affect) with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
③In summary，the great figure affects me greatly/has a great effect/influence/impact on me.I am often deeply affected by his countless moving stories.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
总的来说，这位伟人对我有巨大的影响。我经常被其数不清的感人故事深深感动。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be deeply/greatly affected by... 被……深深打动/影响
be affected with... 染上……疾病
·show/have/feel much/an affection for... (非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱……
·have an effect/influence/impact on... 对……有影响
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Affected by those selfless doctors，I have developed a deep affection for the career.
在那些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。
2.shock vt.(使)震惊(astonish) n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克(生义)→shocked
adj.感到震惊的(astonished)→shocking adj.令人震惊的(astonishing)
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①On hearing that，all my classmates were shocked(shock)，exploding into whispers.
②Seeing the great mess in the kitchen，the father was numb with shock.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③熊在篱笆上撕了一个洞，把头伸进去，这让埃利和我都很震惊。(2020·浙江7月卷)
→The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in，which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked.(定语从句)
→What shocked Elli and me was that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.(what引导的主语从句),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be a shock to...对……而言是一件震惊的事
be numb with shock 震惊得目瞪口呆
in shock 吃惊地，震惊地
·be shocked at sth/that... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊
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佳句背诵 Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words，I simply stood there in shock，and my feet，as if rooted to the ground，couldn’t move a bit.
他的话让我感到无比的兴奋和自豪，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的脚好像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
3.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；专心于；使陷入
以练促学 句式升级/一句多译
①David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→David still refused to look at me，burying his head in his arms.(分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me，with his head buried in his arms.(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me，his head buried in his arms.(独立主格结构)
②我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→I bury myself/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→Burying myself/Buried in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained abundant knowledge.(分词短语作状语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
埋头于；专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Jennifer sat on the floor，burying her face in her hands, and her body trembled as she softly began to cry.(动作＋情绪描写)
詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。
[联想]
表示“专注于；致力于；埋头于”的短语还有：
be absorbed in，concentrate on，
focus on，fix one’s attention on，
be devoted to/devote oneself to，
occupy oneself in doing/with/
be occupied in doing/with
4.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.受苦，遭难→sufferer n.受害者(victim)；患者(patient)
以练促学 补全句子
①Seeing Chinese farmers suffering from starvation，he decided to cultivate a high-yield rice to solve the problem.(人物介绍)
看到中国农民遭受饥饿，他决定培育一种高产水稻来解决这个问题。
②There are always some ups and downs in our lives，but it is the suffering that makes us stronger.(强调句型；主旨升华)
生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
suffer pain/defeat/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer from 遭受；患病
suffer severe damage 损失惨重
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 The smiles on their faces have deeply touched me and inspired me to devote my life to helping those suffering pain.(主旨升华)
他们脸上的笑容深深打动了我，激励我致力于去帮助那些遭受痛苦的人。
5.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长→survivor n.幸存者→survival n.幸存；生还
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①When I realized that the poor boy survived on discarded(被丢弃的) food，a wave of sadness and sympathy washed over me.
②We will do everything in our power to help those survivors(survive) in the tornado.
③Life isn’t about how to survive the storm；it’s about learning to dance in the rain.(主旨升华)
生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
survive on 靠……存活下来
survive sth 幸免于；从……中活过来
A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Without the oceans，no living things would survive，humans included.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。
6.effect n.影响(influence/impact)；结果；效果；效力→effective adj.有效的；有影响的(influential )
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We have reached a stage where we must start taking effective(effect) measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.(环境保护)
②In summary，the English newspaper Youth has a great effect/influence/impact on me.(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
总的来说，英文报Youth对我有巨大的影响。
③Hopefully，my recommendations will soon be put into effect to(会付诸实施) settle these problems.(建议信),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
take effect 生效；见效
come into effect 生效
have an effect/influence/impact on 对……产生影响
put...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Our future career has a great effect on our life，which requires our deep consideration.
我们未来的职业对我们的生活有很大的影响，这需要我们深思熟虑。
7.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
以练促学 补全句子
①Looking at the house which lay in ruins in shock，he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped.(动作描写)
他震惊地看着成为废墟的房子，立即拨打了911来营救被困的受伤人员。
②You can’t change the past，but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.(主旨升华)
你改变不了过去，但如果你忧虑未来，将会毁了现在。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 成为废墟
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
·ruin one’s health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 On returning to the town，they were shocked to find their neighborhood in ruins.
当他们回到镇上时，他们震惊地发现他们家附近成了废墟。
1.句型公式：as if从句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done (do) something very clever.
②Knowing I got the first place in the writing contest，I felt as if (I were) on the top of the world.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我知道自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名，我觉得自己好像站在世界之巅。
③Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.
一切照常进行，好像什么都没发生似的。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，它所引导的从句中的语气及时态为：
·陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
·虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，looked at me as if he would say something/as if (he was) to say something，but lowered his head once again.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。
2.句型公式：be doing...when...正在做某事这时(突然)……
【教材原句】 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
以练促学 补全句子
①They were about to put up/on the point of putting up the tent in the open air when a loud whistle frightened them.
他们正要在户外搭起帐篷，这时一声响亮的口哨声把他们吓坏了。
②Mother had just woken up when she smelt an inviting smell of food.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
妈妈刚睡醒，就闻到一阵食物诱人的味道。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
be about to do...when... 正要做……突然……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……突然……
had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 He was walking cautiously along the road when his feet slipped and he fell over.(动作描写)
他在路上小心翼翼地走着，这时突然脚一滑，摔倒了。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep.(2021·全国甲卷) n.小山
②Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.(2023·全国甲卷) vi.大量涌入
③She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock.n.休克
2.选出strike的汉语意思
A.vt.打动 B.v.使突然想起 C.n.罢工
D.vt.(灾难、疾病等)袭击 E.vt.敲钟
①When I entered the room，the clock had just struck 10.E
②After his vivid introduction，the idea that it is definitely Yuan Longping’s intense efforts that feed so many people on Earth struck me deeply.(2023·浙江1月卷)A
③They have been on strike for several days to get a higher pay.C
④A big earthquake struck the city last year，killing hundreds of people.D
⑤It suddenly struck me that I could win the first place by forcing my head inside the pumpkin.(2021·浙江1月卷)B
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Louise’s dream of finding her rescuers (rescue) came true and now that she’d reunited with them，she hoped to stay connected forever.
2.The only thing that cannot be broken is our love，which is the strongest thing that can never be destroyed (destroy).
3.Trapped (trap) in a net around the rock，the dolphin wasn’t able to swim up to get air.
4.Shockingly (shock)，the graceful competitor just smiled calmly(calm) when she learned that no effective (effect) measures had been taken.
5.Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam (平衡木)，I fell onto the stones，damaging (damage) a nerve in my hand.(2021·全国甲卷)
6.Buried (bury) in his book，the athlete didn’t notice me when I slid (slide) into the room.
7.Sometimes a smile can make a real difference to people suffering (suffer) from disasters in the affected (affect) area.
8.Up to now food and water have been delivered (deliver) to the disaster-stricken area，where many people surviving (survive) the disaster are in urgent need of help.
9.Knowing that you will adjust the broadcast schedule，length (long) and column，I am writing to give my suggestions.(建议信)
10.Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths.
练一 单元话题作文(慰问信——慰问遭受地震的朋友)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①我是学生会主席李华。听到一场可怕的地震意外地袭击了你的家乡，我感到非常遗憾。(strike，同位语)
I’m Li Hua，chairman of the Student Union.I’m deeply sorry to hear that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly struck your hometown.,
②我渴望借此机会向那些在地震中遭受巨大苦难的人们表达我最深切的同情和关心。(suffer，who引导定语从句)
I’m eager to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathy and concern for the people who suffered greatly in the earthquake.
③得知救援队已经赶到你的家乡伸出援助之手，我感到宽慰。(rescue，现在分词短语作状语)
Learning that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand，I feel relieved.
④他们冒着生命危险营救被困在废墟的人们，完全把他们的安全抛在身后，这值得我们尊重和钦佩。(be trapped in，ruin，现在分词短语作状语，非限制性定语从句)
They have risked their lives to rescue people trapped in ruins，totally leaving their safety behind，which deserves our respect and admiration.
⑤在政府和全国各地人民的帮助下，我们没有必要担心任何事情。(aid)
With the aid of the government and people across the country，there is no need for us to worry about anything.
⑥我坚信虽然深受地震的影响，灾区很快就会复苏，一切都会好起来的。(affect，revive，状语从句的省略)
I’m fully convinced that though deeply affected by the earthquake，the stricken area will be revived soon，and everything will be fine.,
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear friend，
I’m Li Hua，chairman of the Student Union.I’m deeply sorry to hear that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly struck your hometown.
I’m eager to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathy and concern for the people who suffered greatly in the earthquake.Learning that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand，I feel relieved.They have risked their lives to rescue people trapped in ruins，totally leaving their safety behind，which deserves our respect and admiration.What’s more，with the aid of the government and people across the country，there is no need for us to worry about anything.
I’m fully convinced that though deeply affected by the earthquake，the stricken area will be revived soon，and everything will be fine.
Yours，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第二步：冲突化解
1.“I’m so sorry.” he said，gently petting Jackson’s head.
“对不起。”他说到，轻轻地摸摸杰克逊的头。
2.His mother silenced him by gently putting her finger on his lips，gave a soft kiss on his forehead and walked out of the study.
他妈妈轻轻地把手指放在他的嘴唇上，让他停止说话，在他额头上轻轻地吻了一下，然后走出了书房。
3.“I wanted to surprise you！” he pointed at a neatly wrapped box with his eyes gleaming.
“我想给你一个惊喜！”他指着一个包装精美的盒子，眼里闪烁着光芒。
4.Seeing his families sitting together and staying together harmoniously，Cater felt a surge of happiness.
看到他的家人坐在一起，和睦相处，卡特感觉到一种幸福感。
5.I looked at her，tears of love and gratitude welling up in my eyes.
我看着她，爱和感激的泪水在我的眼中涌起。
[小试身手]
I understood immediately what my parents were worried about.It turned out that they were concerned I would spend money on something unimportant.In fact，they had already signed up for a football training camp for me since I was keen on football.They just hoped I could contribute a little too.Right now having realized my selfishness，①I was feeling ashamed yet more moved，with tears streaming down my cheeks.Racing forward and throwing my arms around my dad，②I gave him a big hug and apologized.From then on，③never did I doubt my parents’ love and I did grow up.(2021·浙江6月卷)
我立刻明白了父母在担心什么。原来他们担心我会把钱花在不重要的事情上。事实上，他们已经为我报名了一个足球训练营，因为我很喜欢足球。他们只是希望我也能做出一点贡献。此刻，意识到自己的自私，我感到羞愧，但更感动了，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。我冲上前，抱住爸爸，给了他一个大大的拥抱，并向他道歉。从那以后，我再也没有怀疑过父母的爱，我也长大了。
(提示：构思情节第三步见下一单元。)佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(邀请信——节目访谈)
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：1.节目介绍；2.访谈的时间和话题。
精彩范文
Dear Caroline，
I am Li Hua，head of English program “Talk and Talk”，and I am writing to invite you as an interviewee about English study.
Aiming to narrow the distance between teachers and students，the program has enjoyed popularity on campus，owing to its casual and easy style.Every interviewed teacher will talk freely to share anything interesting with us.Through this interview，a better relationship will be built up and we’ll gain a lot.
If it is convenient for you next Monday，I expect to have a wonderful talk with you from 5 pm to 6 pm.We would be grateful for your presence.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
迁移运用
每日句型练透：
aiming to do/in order to do...
1.In order to provide/Aiming to provide students with a clearer picture of future career planning，the Students’ Union will hold a speech in the school lecture hall.(2024·湖北八校高三联考)
为了给学生提供更清楚的未来的职业规划图，学生会将在学校的礼堂举行一场演讲。
2.In order to provide/Aiming to provide with a good platform to share their school life，we founded the English program “Talk and Talk”.
为了给学生们提供一个良好的平台来分享他们的校园生活，我们建立了这个英语节目“Talk and Talk”。
1.exchange n.交换；交流(communication) vt.交换(swap)；交流；交易；兑换
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①After reading some English classics，we will exchange ideas about what we have read with our partners.(活动介绍)
②I sincerely invite all the exchange students to join the club，which will organise various activities.(邀请信)
我真诚地邀请所有的交换生参加这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·in exchange for 作为对……的交换
exchange students 交换生
·exchange A for B 用A来换取B
exchange sth with sb 和某人交换/交流……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 The festival，aimed at promoting cultural exchanges，appealed to people from home and abroad.(告知信，2022·浙江1月卷)
该节日旨在促进文化交流，吸引了来自国内外的人们。
2.design n.设计；设计方案 vt.设计；筹划→designer n.设计者
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①What annoyed the teacher most was that this student frequently lied to him by design.
②Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are specially designed for senior high school students and they are designed to enrich our dull campus life.(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为高中生设计的，旨在丰富我们单调的校园生活。
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·by design＝on purpose＝deliberately 故意地
·be designed for 为……而设计
be designed to do sth 为做……而设计；
旨在/目的是……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 “Talk and Talk” is designed for students who are eager to acquire more knowledge about English.(邀请信，2022·新高卷Ⅰ卷)
“Talk and Talk”是为渴望获得更多英语知识的学生而设计的。
3.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的(restless)；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety
n.忧虑，担心；渴望(desire)
以练促学 单句语法填空/词句升级
①Children are the focus of families，so it is natural for parents to be anxious about their children’s future.
②What Dad said was a hammer blow to me，leaving me into deeper anxiety (anxious).
③After we said goodbye to them，we went back to the front door，where our parents were waiting anxiously.
→Having said goodbye to them，we went back to the front door，where our parents were waiting with anxiety.(分词短语作状语；介词短语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be anxious 为……担忧
be anxious to do/that... 渴望做……
·with anxiety＝anxiously 焦急地
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 On seeing their father，the twins，who were extremely anxious to get help，looked up at him with watery eyes.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到他们的父亲，这对双胞胎非常渴望得到帮助，他们抬起头来，泪水汪汪地看着他。
4.impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目→impression n.印象；感想→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的(admirable)
以练促学 单句语法填空/句式升级
①My father impressed me with the value of hard work，which has been benefiting me over years.
→My father impressed the value of hard work on/upon me，which has been benefiting me over years.
②What impresses me most is his impressive philosophy of life：“Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land，the last to enjoy universal happiness.”(impress)(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
③The visitors will be impressed by the beautiful scenery and will be unwilling to leave.(短文投稿，2021·天津3月卷)
→Impressed by the beautiful scenery，the visitors will be unwilling to leave.(分词短语作状语)
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·impress sth on/upon sb 使某人意识到某事(的重要性或严重性)
impress sb with sth 使某人铭记某物；使某人对某物印象深刻
be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻
·make/leave an impression on 给……留下好印象
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 What impressed us most was a visit to a nearby botanic garden，where we admired colorful and distinctive plants，such as daisies，daffodils and so on.(报道，2023·浙江1月卷)
最让我们印象深刻的是我们参观了附近的一个植物园，在那里我们欣赏了丰富多彩、特色鲜明的植物，如雏菊、水仙花等。
5.confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n.信心(faith)；信任(trust)
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident(confidence) speaking English.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
②Because of your continual help，I not only improved my pronunciation but also became more confident in myself.(感谢信)
③Breathing deeply，I calmed down and walked on stage with confidence.(心理描写)
我深呼吸，平静下来，满怀信心地走上舞台。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be confident about/of (doing)sth 对(做)某事有信心
be confident that... 对……有信心
·have/show confidence in sb 对某人有信心
lose confidence in sb 对某人失去信心
with confidence 满怀信心地
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seeing the confident smile on David’s face，I sighed in relief.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到大卫脸上自信的微笑，我如释重负地叹了口气。
6.curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的(生义)→curiously adv.好奇地；令人不解地→curiosity n.好奇心
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①If you are curious to gain(gain) a deep insight into the history of the tradition，you mustn’t miss the golden opportunity！(邀请信)
②Curiously(curious) enough，the hummingbird replied with a short chirp (唧唧叫) as if it understood what I was saying.(2023·浙江1月卷)
③Out of curiosity，the little boy peeped into the office through the window.(动作描写)
出于好奇，这个小男孩透过窗户向办公室里窥视。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be curious about sth 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth 好奇地做某事；极想做某事
·with curiosity＝curiously好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I was curious about the silence，then returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in.(心理描写)
我对安静感到好奇，然后回到爱瑞丝的房间门口，往里看。
7.concentrate on集中精力于(focus/fix on)
以练促学 单句语法填空/句式升级
①It is his concentration (concentrate) and devotion to his career that deserve our respect.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
②His attention was concentrated on his experiment，so he had no time for his family.
→With his attention concentrated on his experiment，he had no time for his family.(with复合结构)
→His attention concentrated on his experiment，he had no time for his family.(独立主格结构),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·concentrate one’s attention/mind/efforts on (doing) sth 专注于(做)某事
concentrate on (doing) sth 集中精力于(做)某事
·concentration n. 专心；专注
concentrated adj. 集中的
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 However hard I tried，I was unable to pull myself away，unable to end my chat sessions，and unable to concentrate on my lessons.(排比)
不管我怎么努力，我就是抽不开身，没法结束聊天，也没法集中精力上课。
句型公式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
【教材原句】 I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
我发现我的大部分同学和老师很友好而且乐于助人。
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①After making sure that David could run if he wanted，I turned to find him coming(come) towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
②I find it difficult to adapt to the new school life，so I sincerely ask for your generous assistance.(求助信)
我发现适应新的学校生活很难，因此我真诚地寻求您慷慨的帮助。
③Emily breathed a sigh of relief when finding her parents’ smiling eyes focused on her.
当艾米丽发现父母微笑的眼睛注视着她时，她松了一口气。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·find＋宾语＋宾补
·find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do...(it作形式宾语，to do不定式是真正的宾语)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 With time going by，more and more people find the ocean conservation beneficial and necessary to human beings.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
随着时间的推移，越来越多的人觉得海洋保护对人类来说是有益的而且是有必要的。
The twins found it delightful to prepare breakfast for their mother.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这对双胞胎觉得为母亲准备早餐很愉快。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①The football player scored a goal and their team won the match.n.进球得分
②To make this happen，the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the world’s first commercial flight with an electric engine.vi.合作
③I’m confident we’ll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other’s company.n.陪伴
2.选出lecture的汉语意思
①What makes me annoyed is that he is always lecturing me about my behavior.C
②Initially，we attended a lecture on the flower project，in which the lecturer even instructed us to observe the growth process of flowers.(报道，2023·浙江1月卷)A
③As a senior high school student，I know I must stop smoking—don’t give me a lecture about it.B
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.I was really impressed(impress) by the various events in the festival，where I enjoyed the brilliant art works from your home country.(告知信，2022·浙江1月卷)
2.As long as we devote ourselves to English learning，we would make great improvement (improve).(短文投稿，2022·全国乙卷)
3.The senior man looked annoyed (annoy)，so out of curiosity (curious)，I asked him what had happened to him.
4.We can now confidently (confident) conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions.(2021·浙江6月卷)
5.Throughout her career as a professional dancer，she toured in the UK，but always longed to explore (explore) further.(2022·全国甲卷)
6.Although my elder sister is only senior to me by two years，she always behaves as if she could organise everything properly.
7.The lecture we had been looking forward to was organised (organise) well last month，which did make a deep impression on us.(新闻报道)
8.To improve (improve) her grades，the girl is revising (revise) for the test in the class now.
9.She is one of those teachers you don’t feel frightened(frighten) to approach；you know she will help you whenever you are in need.
10.Walking in the nature reserve，you’ll find yourself attracted (attract) by the amazing scenery.(短文投稿，2021·天津3月卷)
练一 单元话题作文(建议信——就英语口语分组问题向外教Ryan提出建议)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①我是3班的李华。我们对旨在提高我们英语口语水平的口语课感到好奇。(design，improve，curious，定语从句)
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.We’ re curious about the oral English class which is designed to improve our oral English.,
②但得知我们将被随机配对进行口语练习，我写信来表达对此安排的焦虑，希望这不会让您生气。(anxiety，annoyed，现在分词短语作伴随状语)
But learning that we’ll be paired to do the oral practice at random，I’m writing to express my anxiety about the arrangement，hoping this wouldn’t make you annoyed.
③如果不同英语水平的学生能够根据能力被仔细组织成小组，那就再好不过了，这样我们就可以有效地与我们的搭档交流。(organise，partner，“否定意义的词＋比较级”表示最高级，so that...)
It couldn’t be better if students with different levels of English could be carefully organised into groups based on competence，so that we can communicate with our partners effectively.
④我相信你会发现把三到四个兴趣相投的学生分在一起是有益的，这将确保我们的口语练习顺利进行。(confident，find＋宾语＋宾补，非限制性定语从句)
I’m confident that you’ll find it beneficial to put three to four students with similar interest together，which will ensure our oral practice goes smoothly.
⑤如果可能的话，我真心希望您能考虑我的建议，并期待您的早日回复。(look forward to，状语从句的省略)
If possible，I truly hope you can take my suggestions into consideration and look forward to your early reply.,
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear Ryan，
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.We’ re curious about the oral English class which is designed to improve our oral English.But learning that we’ll be paired to do the oral practice at random，I’m writing to express my anxiety about the arrangement，hoping this wouldn’t make you annoyed.
To begin with，it couldn’t be better if students with different levels of English could be carefully organised into groups based on competence，so that we can communicate with our partners effectively.Additionally，I’m confident that you’ll find it beneficial to put three to four students with similar interest together，which will ensure our oral practice goes smoothly.
If possible，I truly hope you can take my suggestions into consideration and look forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
热考话题一 个人成长类
个人成长类话题是高考读后续写的热考话题之一。2023年新高考 Ⅰ 卷的主题为作者在老师的鼓励下完成了作品，享受到了写作的快乐；2022年新高考 Ⅰ 卷的主题为David在教练的鼓励下克服自我，参加越野跑，实现自我成长。
个人成长类可以这样构思情节：
第一步：成长前的苦恼(负面情绪塑造)
第二步：成长中(蜕变塑造)
第三步：成长后的升华(喜悦、感激等)
构思情节第一步：成长前的苦恼
1.Hearing this，he lowered his eyes，obviously disappointed.
听了这话，他垂下了眼睛，显然很失望。
2.I used to love singing，now my life was filled with sadness.
我曾经喜欢唱歌，现在我的生活充满了悲伤。
3.Recalling the joyful moment，a mixture of guilt and unwillingness overwhelmed her，Karie slowly picked up her pen，hesitant.
卡莉回忆起这个快乐的时刻，一种内疚和不情愿交织的感觉淹没了她，她慢慢地拿起笔，犹豫着。
4.I dragged into the principal’s office the next day，sad and disappointed.
第二天，我拖着沉重的步子走进校长办公室，伤心而失望。
5.Devin hesitated with his eyes fixed on the floor.
德文犹豫了一下，眼睛盯着地板。
[小试身手]
When I was in middle school，my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.①I said no without thinking.I did not love writing.②Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play，where I played all the parts.③No one laughed harder than he did.
我在中学的时候，我的社会科学老师让我参加写作比赛。我不假思索地拒绝了。我不喜欢写作。写作对我来说如此困难和痛苦，以至于老师让我通过表演话剧的形式来展示我关于泰坦尼克号沉没的论文，在剧中我扮演所有角色。没有人比他笑得更欢了。
(提示：构思情节第二步见下一单元。)UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(短文投稿——英语学习)
(2022·全国乙卷)学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.学习活动状况描述；2.简单评论；3.你的建议。
精彩范文
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，a significant number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.
It can easily be seen from the chart that the percentage of students who prefer listening to English songs and watching English movies is 65% and 50% respectively. By comparison，those choosing to read English books and visit English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.
The results suggest that most students would rather study English in a more entertaining way.From my perspective，we should take reading English books into consideration，thus laying a solid foundation for English.,
迁移运用
每日句型练透：it作形式主语(一)
It is/was＋过去分词＋that...
1.Second，it’s highly recommended that we (should) go to sleep before 10 pm.
第二，强烈建议我们在晚上10点前睡觉。
2.Recently，it has been commonly accepted that being exposed to an authentic learning atmosphere will help you develop a better understanding of Chinese culture.
最近，人们普遍认为，接触真实的学习氛围有助于你更好地理解中国文化。
1.refer vi.(referred，referred，referring)提到(mention)；参考；查阅(consult)
vt.查询；叫……求助于→reference n.指称关系；参考
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Determined to find a cure for malaria，Tu Youyou referred to numerous ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine.(人物介绍)
②The Chinese refer to their language as Han，as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.
③I am writing to ask for information in/with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most.(求助信，2021·全国甲卷)
我写信想了解关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的信息。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer to a book/dictionary 查阅书/词典
refer to...as... 称……为……
·reference books/materials 参考书/参考资料
in/with reference to 关于
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Referred to as Steel Roses，the Chinese woman soccer team players have won our worship and respect recently.
被称为“铿锵玫瑰”的中国女足队员最近赢得了我们的崇拜和尊重。
2.base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据→based adj.以(某事)为基础的→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basically adv. 基本上→basis n.基础
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Basically，team members need to receive training after school every day and they are also offered opportunities to watch table tennis competitions on a regular basis.(base)
②I am writing to inform you of some basic table manners.Based on traditional Chinese customs，you should let the elderly eat first.(建议信)
我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
·be based on/upon... 以……为基础
·on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of 在……的基础上
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Based on my own experience，learning English online is actually a great way for English learners，so I support it.(语言学习)
根据我自己的经验，网上学习英语对英语学习者来说是一个很好的方式，所以我支持它。
3.means n.方法(way，method)；方式；途径
以练促学 句式升级
①To our disappointment，every possible means has been tried (try)，but none has worked.
→To our disappointment，all possible means have been tried (try)，but none has worked.
②Mac could by no means scare the wolf off/away with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.
→By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.(倒装),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
a means of 一种……的方法(means单复数同形)
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
by means of 借助……手段；依靠……方法
by no means 绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 You’d better practice using chopsticks in advance，which is also a means of showing your good table manners.(建议信)
你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。
4.appreciate vt.欣赏(enjoy，admire)；重视(attach importance to)；感激；领会(生义)(grasp)vi.增值→appreciation n.欣赏；感激
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
②I’m writing to convey my appreciation (appreciate) for what you did for me during my stay in London.(感谢信)
③I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice on how to improve my oral English and I’m looking forward to your early reply.(求助信)
如果你能给我一些关于如何提高我的英语口语的实用建议，我将非常感激，我期待你的早日答复。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·appreciate (one’s) doing sth 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激
·express/convey one’s appreciation to sb 向某人表达感激之情
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Known as a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty，Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
范仲淹是宋代著名的作家和政治家，因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。
5.struggle n.& vi.斗争(fight)；奋斗(strive)；搏斗
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①From now on，you should struggle for your dream and you will get the offer from your ideal university.(演讲稿)
②At present，the country has to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
③As far as I’m concerned，it is not hard for one to do a bit of good，but it’s a struggle to do good for a lifetime.(主旨升华)
在我看来，一个人做点好事并不难，但难的是一辈子都做好事。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·struggle for... 为……而斗争/奋斗
struggle with/against sb/sth 与某人/某事做斗争
struggle to do sth 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
·it is a struggle (for sb) to do sth (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Weak as she was，she struggled to her feet，continuing searching for assistance.
尽管很虚弱，她挣扎着站起来，继续寻找帮助。
6.equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的(qualified ) v.与……相等，等于；比得上→equally adv.同等地；公平地→equality n.平等；相等
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①From my point of view，Michael Jordan is without equal in playing basketball.
②Equally(equal) attractive are the tips on how to learn English，which are of great significance to my English study.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③I’m writing to recommend Philip as your assistant，who I believe is equal to accomplishing the tough task.(推荐信)
我写信是想推荐菲利普做您的助理，我相信他能胜任这项艰巨的任务。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be without equal＝have no equal 无与伦比
·be equal to (doing) sth 等于/胜任(做)某事
·equal sb/sth in (doing)sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I am convinced that I am equal to being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition.(申请信，全国Ⅰ卷)
我确信我能胜任做这个中国绘画展的志愿者。
7.demand n.需求；要求(requirement/request) vt.强烈要求；需要(need；want)
vi.查问(生义)→demanding adj.要求高的
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As new members are in demand in our basketball club，I’m writing to invite you to join it.(邀请信)
②To meet/satisfy my demands，my uncle demanded that my father and I (should) keep to the track in case we could get lost.(浙江卷)
为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
③Father demanded the twins (should) clean up the kitchen when he helped make breakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
父亲要求双胞胎在他帮忙做早餐时把厨房打扫干净。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·in (great) demand 需求量大
meet/satisfy one’s demand(s) 满足某人的需求
·demand to do sth 要求做某事
demand that... 要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Because picking apples involved climbing trees，the farmers demanded that we should be cautious and careful.(活动介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
因为摘苹果需要爬树，农民们要求我们谨慎小心。
8.date back (to...)追溯到(date from/trace back to)
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple，dating(date) from the Tang Dynasty.(景点介绍)
②我向你强烈推荐的旅游景点是追溯到公元前478年的孔庙。(推荐信)
→The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple that/which dates back to 478 BC.(定语从句)
→The tourist attraction I strongly recommend to you is Confucius Temple dating back to 478 BC.(分词短语作定语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
date back to＝date from 追溯到……
go back to 追溯到……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Chinese tea culture dates back to/dates from thousands of years ago and drinking tea has gradually become a tradition.(传统文化)
中国茶文化可以追溯到几千年前，饮茶逐渐成为一种传统。
[点拨] date back (to)和date from一般只用现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态。
1.句型公式：“be of＋抽象名词”结构
【教材原句】 That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。
以练促学 补全句子
①Based on the above chart，12% of the students suppose that visiting English learning websites is of great benefit to their English studies.(短文投稿，2022·全国乙卷)
根据上面的表格，12%的学生认为浏览英语学习网站对他们的英语学习非常有益。
②When learning that the operation was of no use to the old man，I felt a lump in my throat，tears welling up in my eyes.(情绪描写)
当得知手术对那位老人没用时，我感到喉咙哽塞，泪水湿润了眼眶。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词
be of great value/importance/significance/use/help/benefit
＝be very valuable/important/significant/useful/helpful/beneficial
·of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality等表人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 From my point of view，raising people’s awareness of protecting the oceans is of great importance/significance.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
在我看来，提高人们保护海洋的意识是非常重要的。
2.句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
以练促学 补全句子
①Whenever/No matter when you need help，I sincerely hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。
②I learned from the experience that whatever difficulties we meet，we should try our best to solve them.(主旨升华)
我从经历中了解到，无论遇到什么困难，我们都应该努力解决。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
no matter where/what在句中引导让步状语从句。
·“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
·whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever 既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 However/No matter how busy I am，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions.
无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①He wrote an article for People’s Daily regarding how to build a harmonious society.prep.关于
②This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work，he told me.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) vt.重视
③At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters，giving way to lands of low growing plants.(全国Ⅰ卷) n.底部
2.选出major的汉语意思
①Calligraphy is regarded as a major part of Chinese culture since the Han Dynasty.A
②I love painting very much.I started learning painting at an early age and chose painting art and history as my major in college.(全国Ⅰ卷)B
③As far as I know，Mary is majoring in French at Stanford University.C
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Written (write) Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
2.To our shock，the young girl struggled to support (support)a large family last year，which was appreciated (appreciate) by her family members.
3.The description(describe) of the painting was so vivid that I felt I was standing in front of it.
4.Specifically (specific) speaking，I am expressing my appreciation (appreciate) to you for your effort in the rescue work.
5.Not only do they provide abundant resources and food for us，but they are also crucial for the global (globe) climate development.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
6.Though majoring(major) in engineering，the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which is regarded (regard) as an art form.
7.There are a variety (vary) of books in the bookstore for us to choose from，like history books，science books，reference (refer) books and so on.
8.Students should have a proper attitude towards/to college before thinking about which college to attend.
9.It was a time when women were looked down upon and had no right to receive education.
10.Youth，referred(refer) to as my best friend，accompanies me through my whole high school.(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
练一 单元话题作文(短文投稿——英语学习)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①根据上面的图表，我们可以很容易地看到，选择听英文歌和看英文电影的学生比例分别为65%和50%。(base，过去分词短语作状语，定语从句)
Based on the above chart，we can easily see that the percentages of students who choose to listen to English songs and watch English movies are respectively 65% and 50%.,
②关于阅读英语书籍和访问英语网站的学生，他们共占30%。(regard，定语从句)
In/With regard to students who read English books and visit English websites，they together account for 30%.
③图表上的数字表明，随着现代技术的发展，在课堂之外学习英语的方法有各种各样的。(variety)
The figures of the chart suggest that there are a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom with the development of modern technology.
④在我看来，阅读被认为是学习英语最有益的方法。(refer)
As far as I am concerned，reading is referred as/to be the most beneficial way to learn English.
⑤多做听说练习也很重要。(be＋of＋n.，it作形式主语)
It is also of great importance/significance to do more listening and speaking practice.
⑥无论我们选择什么方式，我们应该做的就是全身心地投入其中。(no matter＋疑问词)
No matter what way we choose，what we should do is apply ourselves to it.,
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Based on the above chart，we can easily see that the percentages of students who choose to listen to English songs and watch English movies are respectively 65% and 50%.In/With regard to students who read English books and visit English websites，they together account for 30%.
The figures of the chart suggest that there are a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom with the development of modern technology.As far as I am concerned，reading is referred as/to be the most beneficial way to learn English.What’s more，it is also of great importance/significance to do more listening and speaking practice.
All in all，no matter what way we choose，what we should do is apply ourselves to it.
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第三步：亲情升华
1.I nodded firmly，knowing a flower of kindness and friendship began to blossom in our hearts.
我坚定地点了点头，意识到一朵善良和友谊的花开始在我们的心中绽放。
2.From then on，the three chocolates rang the alarm in his heart every time he intended to lie，reminding him to be honest.
从那时起，每当他打算撒谎时，这三块巧克力都会在他心中敲响警钟，提醒他要诚实。
3.This experience transformed my attitude towards Henry and our relationship has also been harmonious.
这次经历改变了我对亨利的态度，我们的关系也变得和谐起来。
4.It was Henry’s kindness that made me feel the warmth from our family.I will treasure it with all my heart.
正是亨利的善良让我感受到了我们家庭的温暖。我会用心珍惜它的。
[小试身手]
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.Opening her eyes，①she couldn’t believe what she had seen.Before she could ask any question，their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast，and what trouble they had gone through when making the porridge and toast.②Disbelief gave way to excitement and pride.Hugging them in her arms，she said，“Thank you，children.③It’s such an unforgettable Mother’s Day for me.”(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
双胞胎把早餐端上楼，叫醒了母亲。睁开眼睛，她简直不敢相信自己所看到的。她还没来得及问，他们的父亲就出现了，告诉他的妻子这对双胞胎是如何准备给她惊喜早餐的，以及他们在做粥和烤面包时遇到了什么麻烦。怀疑被兴奋和骄傲所取代。她把他们抱在怀里，说：“谢谢你们，孩子们。这对我来说是一个难忘的母亲节。”UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(报道——越野赛)
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：1.参加人员；2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；3.活动反响。
精彩范文
In order to enrich our campus life，our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday.Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race，among whom thirty were girls.Participants set out at 9 am from the gate of the school，through the Renmin Park，and finally arrived at the foot of Nanshan Mountain. After the race，we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality，but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.We do hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future.
迁移运用
每日句型练透：not only...but also...
The activity benefited us a lot.Not only did it make us get close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work，but it also promoted the friendship among us.
这次活动使我们受益良多，不但使我们亲近了大自然，让我们从繁重的功课中得到放松，而且促进了我们的友谊。
。
1.honour n.荣誉(glory)；尊敬(respect)；荣幸 v.尊敬；给予表扬(praise)→honourable adj.可敬的；体面的
以练促学 补全句子/一句多译
①People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in honour of Qu Yuan，who is a great Chinese poet.(节日介绍)
人们庆祝端午节纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。
②我很荣幸邀请您参加我们学校广播电台的英语节目“Talk and Talk”的采访。(邀请信，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→I feel it a great honour to invite you to give an interview on the English program “Talk and Talk” in our school’s radio station.
→It is a great honour for me to invite you to give an interview on the English program “Talk and Talk” in our school’s radio station.
→I feel greatly honoured to invite you to give an interview on the English program “Talk and Talk” in our school’s radio station.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·It’s an honour for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很荣幸。
feel it an honour to do sth为做某事感到荣幸
in honour of... 向……表示敬意；为纪念……
·be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸
honour sb with sth (for sth)(因某事)给某人……奖励/头衔/称号
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 It is a great honour for me to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions on Peking Opera.(演讲稿)
我非常荣幸地发表演讲，与大家分享我对京剧的看法。
2.determination n.决心；决定(decision)→determine v.测定；决定(decide)；确定→
determined adj.坚决的；有决心的
以练促学 补全句子
①In view of my family’s awkward situation，I finally determined to hand in all the money I earned，so I rushed home with great excitement.(2021·浙江6月卷)
考虑到我家的窘境，我最终决定上交我挣的所有钱，因此我非常兴奋地冲回家。
②At my words，with tears rolling down his cheeks，David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination to finish the cross-country run.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
听了我的话，大卫泪流满面，转向我，坚定地表达了他要完成越野跑的决心。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·the determination to do sth 做某事的决心
with determination 坚决地
·determine to do... 决定做……(表示动作)
determine on sth 决定某事
·be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 “We all appreciate your determination to overcome the challenges，” I looked at David’s face and said gently.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
“我们都欣赏你克服挑战的决心。”我看着大卫的脸温柔地说道。
3.injure vt.使受伤(hurt)；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n.伤害；损伤
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①He lost control of the car，crashed into the truck and got seriously injured(injure).
②The captain recovered from his injuries(injure) soon with the help of skilled doctors and nurses.
③The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows，offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital.(比喻；动作链)
营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·get/be injured 受伤
the injured 受伤的人；伤员
·do sb an injury＝do an injury to sb 伤害某人
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seeing the injured man come out of the car，all the people on the spot breathed a sigh of relief.(情绪描写)
看到受伤的人从车里出来，现场所有的人都松了一口气。
4.strength n.力量；体力；优势→strong adj.强壮的→strengthen v.增强(enhance/boost)
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Last but not least，through my introduction and efforts，I believe I can strengthen (strength) the friendship between China and Britain.(申请信)
②As far as I’m concerned，practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up our strength，but also shape our character.(传统文化)
就我而言，练习中国功夫不仅可以增强体质，还可以塑造我们的品格。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
have the strength to do sth 有力气做某事
with all one’s strength 用尽全力
build up one’s strength/body 强身健体
strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Knowing my strengths and weaknesses all too well，I decided to focus on the task of working on the subject.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我非常清楚自己的优点和缺点，所以我决定专注于研究课题。
5.compete vi.竞争；对抗→competition n.竞争；比赛(match/contest)→competitive
adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n.竞争者
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①To arouse students’ passion for nature and art，our school English newspaper will hold a painting creation competition (compete) on the theme of “The Beauty of Nature”.(通知)
②Life is like a long competitive race in which we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves.(比喻；主旨升华)
人生就像一场漫长的竞赛，我们与别人竞争，以超越自己。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
compete with/against sb 和某人竞争
compete for sth 为……而竞争
compete in sth 参加(竞赛或比赛)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Bathed in sunshine，players from Grade 3 competed against their teachers in the basketball field surrounded by students watching excitedly.(活动介绍)
沐浴在阳光下，三年级的球员们在篮球场上与老师们展开了一场激烈的比赛，周围都是兴奋地观看的学生。
6.give up放弃(quit)；投降
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Although he didn’t admit that he had cheated in the exam，his facial expression gave him away.
②Although their strength was giving out，no participant gave up halfway.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③Seeing the twins’ disappointed faces，the father willingly gave them a hand to cook breakfast and whispered gently，“My dear children，don’t give in to the temporary difficulty.”(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到这对双胞胎失望的脸庞，爸爸乐意帮助他们做早餐，并且温柔地轻声说道：“亲爱的孩子，不要向暂时的困难屈服。”,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
give in 屈服，投降
give out 分发；用光；耗尽
give away 赠送；泄露
give off 散发(光和热等)
give way to 给……让路
give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seeing his face filled with anxiety，I knew David would give up participating in the cross-country race.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到大卫焦虑的表情，我知道他会放弃参加越野赛的。
7.make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
以练促学 词汇升级/补全句子/句式升级
①With the guidance of my grandfather，not only did I understand some complicated characters through daily practice，but more importantly，I became more patient and focused.make sense of
②There is no point/sense in spending too much time worrying about it.Now I’d like to offer some tips to you.(建议信)
花太多时间去担心它是没有意义的。现在我想给你提供一些建议。
③You should in no sense lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
→In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(倒装),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·make sense of 理解；明白
It makes (no) sense to do sth. 做某事(没)有道理/意义。
·in a sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子主谓部分倒装)
There is no sense/point in doing sth. 做某事没道理/意义。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I’m writing to request you to recommend some English classics that I can easily make sense of.(求助信)
我写信请求您推荐一些我能够容易理解的英文名著。
句型公式：Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋不定式
【教材原句】 In the final seconds of a game，Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.
在一场比赛的最后几秒，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。
以练促学 补全句子/同义句转换
①Actually，everyone may go through a time when things seem to be going wrong(似乎诸事不顺)，so there is no need to worry so much.(建议信)
②His mouth seemed to be full of blood and his eyes were red with anger.
→It seemed that his mouth was full of blood and his eyes were red with anger.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·seem to do sth 似乎/好像要做某事
seem to be doing sth 似乎/好像正在做某事
seem to have done sth 似乎/好像已经做了某事
·it seems (to sb) that... (在某人看来)似乎……
There seems to be... 似乎有；好像有……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 After hearing the news，her heart seemed to be torn, tears welling up in her eyes.(情绪描写)
听到这个消息后，她泪如泉涌，心都要碎了。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event，Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she knew best.(2023·全国乙卷) n.比赛项目
②And the more we look，the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius.(2021·全国甲卷) vt.影响
③Zhang Zhongjing has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.(2020·江苏卷) n.高手
④Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 许多；大量
2.选出work out的汉语意思
①George，the husband，was trying to be calm，but I could tell this was hard for him，having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)C
②Another mistake most people make is to work out intensely almost every day.You need to give your body a break，and allow time for the muscles to grow.(2023·浙江1月卷)A
③Countries should team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding the ocean protection.(2022·全国甲卷)B
④To work out this difficult math problem，I had to turn to my teacher.D
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Thinking positively (positive) and confidently，the injured (injure) soldier gradually recovered and managed to strengthen (strength) his friendship with the doctor.
2.It must be stressed (stress) that people making friends online should avoid being cheated (cheat).
3.The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was honoured (honour) with the Noble Prize for her contribution in treating malaria.
4.Though her work is stressful (stress)，she has been exercising regularly to improve her fitness (fit).
5.The coach，rather than the players，was (be) working out when I entered the gym.
6.The program not only gains hundreds of millions (million)of fans around the globe，but also spreads Chinese culture all over the world.
7.Frank turned away and left，pretending (pretend) not to notice me.(动作链)
8.I’m writing to invite you to participate in “Talk and Talk”，an amazing English program hosted (host) by the broadcasting station of our school.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
9.Compared (compare) with those who are always complaining，people with a positive attitude towards life live longer.
10.I have been trying to contact the official in charge of transport in the past three hours，but I didn’t make it.
练一 单元话题作文(新闻报道——越野赛)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①为了呼吁我们进行锻炼和关注身体健康，我们的学校在上周日举办了一场越野比赛。(work out，host)
Aiming to call on us to work out and pay attention to our health，our school hosted a cross-country race last Sunday.
②这条大约5公里的路线吸引了许多学生来参加比赛。(compete)
The route which measured about five kilometers attracted many students to compete in it.,
③即使所有参赛者都精疲力竭，但是他们都没有半途放弃。他们都竭尽全力冲向终点线。(even if，give up，strength)
Even if they were exhausted，no one gave up halfway.All of them charged towards the finish line with all their strength.
④看到这种场面，我们全校师生都钦佩参赛者的决心和毅力。(competitor，determination)
Seeing this scene，all the teachers and students in our school admired the competitors’ determination and perseverance.
⑤比赛结束后，我们觉得这次比赛不仅锻炼了我们的身体，而且帮助我们树立了积极的生活态度。(event，strength，positive)
After the race，we felt that the event not only built up our strength，but also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.
⑥我们非常希望学校将来能举办更多类似的活动。(host)
We do hope that the school will host more similar activities in the future.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Aiming to call on us to work out and pay attention to our health，our school hosted a cross-country race last Sunday.,
The route which measured about five kilometers attracted many students to compete in it.Even if they were exhausted，no one gave up halfway.All of them charged towards the finish line with all their strength.Seeing this scene，all the teachers and students in our school admired the competitors’ determination and perseverance.
After the race，we felt that the event not only built up our strength，but also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.Therefore，we do hope that the school will host more similar activities in the future.
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
热考话题二 亲情友情类1
亲情友情类话题是高考读后续写的热考话题之一。2022年浙江1月卷的主题为傲娇学霸和迷糊学渣成为项目搭档，在合作中共同成长，最终成了好朋友；2021年新高考 Ⅰ 卷的主题为一对双胞胎在母亲节为妈妈做早餐，传递了母亲与孩子之间的温情；2021年浙江6月卷的主题为父亲希望我把帮邻居除草赚的钱拿来补贴家用。
亲情类可以这样构思情节：
第一步：冲突构造(误会、犯错等)
第二步：冲突化解(解释、道歉、弥补、回忆等)
第三步：亲情升华(诚实、珍惜等)
构思情节第一步：冲突构造
1.He folded his fist angrily，but his younger brother waved his hands excitedly.
他生气地握紧拳头，但是弟弟却激动地挥着手。
2.My mother was very angry with me; she said I should have been more responsible.
妈妈对我很生气，她说我应该更负责任。
3.I’d always wanted to study English but my parents didn’t approve, saying there was no money in it.
我一直想学英语，但父母不同意，说学英语不赚钱。
4.Thinking about what I had done to him，regret and guilt overwhelmed me like endless tides.
一想到我对他所做的一切，遗憾和内疚像没休止的潮水一样向我袭来。
5.Glancing at the chocolates with hesitation，the boy timidly raised his head before his mother.
男孩犹豫地瞥了一眼巧克力，羞怯地在母亲面前抬起头。
[小试身手]
The pay arrived at last.The moment I received the pay from the farmer’s hand，my hands were shaking with excitement.However，on second thoughts，①I felt frustrated instantly when I remembered my father’s words. I was in a dilemma，②which was obviously written all over my face.When I put the money I worked hard to earn unwillingly on the table，my parents glanced at each other and then burst into laughter.③I was at a loss for their reaction and even became angry.Finally，Dad explained everything with a patient smile.(2021·浙江6月卷)
工资终于到了。当我从农民手中接过钱的那一刻，我的手激动得发抖。然而，转念一想，当我想起父亲的话时，我立刻感到沮丧。我陷入了两难的境地，这一点很明显写在我的脸上。当我不情愿地把辛辛苦苦挣来的钱放在桌上时，父母面面相觑，突然笑了起来。我对他们的反应感到不知所措，甚至生气了。最后，爸爸耐心地微笑着解释了一切。
(提示：构思情节第二步见下一单元。)UNIT 2 TRAVELLING AROUND
学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与社会——给山区居民拍照)
受好奇心的驱使，作者来到布伦库尔的一个偏僻村庄旅行，他被这里独特的生活所吸引，禁不住为这里的村民拍照……
精彩范文
Over the next 48 hours，I took 120 photographs for the 306 people of Bulunkul. First，it was mostly younger children that got involved. I would take a picture of one of them，and they would immediately run to grab their friends.However，before long，their parents and the other adults started getting involved as well.A few of them gestured to me that this was the first photo they had ever seen of themselves.As a tourist and photographer，that might just be the most impressive and meaningful thing.
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的形容词和副词
immediately，impressive，meaningful
2.精彩动词
grab，gestured，getting involved
3.提分高级句式
强调句型
it was mostly younger children that got involved
1.apply vi.& vt.申请；请求 vt.应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)；投入→application
n.申请(书)；应用→applicant n.申请人
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，where you can gain access to the best Chinese culture.(建议信)
②I’d appreciate it if you could take my application(apply) into account at your convenience.(申请信)
③Seeing my hand had been burned，John fetched some medicine，applied it to the wound with care and rushed me to the hospital.(动作链)
看到我的手被烧伤了，约翰拿了一些药，小心地涂在伤口上，然后把我送到医院。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply to sb/sth 适用于……
apply sth to... 把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/集中精力于(做)某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team，which I think can not only help people in need but also expand my horizons.(申请信)
我写信是为了申请成为你们团队的志愿者，我认为这不仅可以帮助需要帮助的人，还可以开阔我的视野。
2.amazing adj.令人惊奇的(surprising)；令人惊喜的→amazingly
adv.令人惊异地→amaze vt.使惊讶(astonish)→amazed
adj.惊奇的；惊喜的→amazement n.惊讶(surprise/astonishment)
以练促学 补全句子
①Amazed and embarrassed，she felt as if all the air were to disappear and people around the world were watching her.(心理描写)
既惊讶又尴尬，她感觉所有的空气都要消失了，全世界的人似乎都在看着她。
②To my amazement，it was the video that made me become a web celebrity，which made me float on air.(2021·浙江1月卷)
令我吃惊的是，正是这个视频使我成了网红，这使我非常高兴。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇
be amazed that... 对……吃惊
·to one’s amazement 让某人惊讶的是
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 On hearing the amazing news，I found myself excited and proud，tears clouding my eyes.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
听到这个惊人的消息，我发现自己既兴奋又自豪，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
3.arrangement n.安排；筹备(常用复数形式)→arrange v.筹备；安排；整理(sort out)
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I have arranged for someone to pick you up，and then we can make arrangements (arrange) for the travel.
②We have arranged to watch(watch) an English film from 16：00 to 17：00 at our school theatre tomorrow.(活动介绍)
③If you are interested，please sign up at the office before 5：00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.(告知信)
如果你有兴趣，请在下周四下午5点前到办公室报名，以便我们做些必要的安排。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·make arrangements for... 为……做安排
·arrange to do sth 安排去做某事
arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Our school is going to make arrangements for a theme class meeting to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.(求助信，2021·全国甲卷)
我们学校将筹备向外国友人介绍中国传统文化的主题班会。
4.recognise vt.辨别出；承认(admit/acknowledge)；认可→recognition n.认出；承认
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①In the past few decades，our city has changed so much that it is now beyond recognition(recognise).
②最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。(2021·全国乙卷)
→Online learning has been recognised as/to be an important way to study recently.
→It has been recognised that online learning is an important way to study recently.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be recognised as/to be... 被公认为……
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
·beyond/out of recognition 认不出来
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵
Don’t wait for a smile to be nice，and don’t wait to be lonely to recognise the value of a friend.(主旨升华)
不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善，不要等到孤独才明白朋友的价值。
5.request n.(正式或礼貌的)要求(demand)；请求(beg) vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Our teacher requested that we (should) exchange(exchange) our ideas on learning regularly.
→Our teacher requested us to exchange(exchange) our ideas on learning regularly.
②At the request of their father/At their father’s request，the twins cleaned up the kitchen.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
双胞胎应父亲的要求将厨房打扫干净。
③It is requested that anyone who wants to attend the course (should) register personal information online.(通知)
要求任何想参加该课程的人在网上注册个人信息。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·at sb’s request＝at the request of sb 应某人的请求、要求
· 要求/请求某人做某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I am writing to request you (should) offer some valuable advice on the aspects of traditional Chinese culture extremely appealing to foreign friends.(求助信，2021·全国甲卷)
我写信请求你就中国传统文化对外国朋友极具吸引力的方面提供一些有价值的建议。
6.view n.视野；景色；看法 vt.观看；看待
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①When I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friends，a magnificent scene came into view.
②In view of the seriousness of the problem，effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。
③Moreover，English is viewed as a window to the world，which allows me to understand people from different cultures and make more friends.(语言学习)
此外，英语被视为一扇通往世界的窗户，它让我了解来自不同文化的人，结交更多的朋友。
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·come into view 进入视野；看得见
in one’s view/opinion＝from one’s point of view 在某人看来
in view of 考虑到；鉴于
get/have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
·view...as... 把……看作……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Although the present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.From my point of view/In my view/opinion，it’s the love contained in it that really counts.(主旨升华)
尽管这份礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。
7.make up构成；形成；编造；化妆；弥补；和好
以练促学 用make的相关短语填空/补全句子
①Sometimes a little kindness can make a difference，making the world more beautiful and harmonious.(主旨升华)
②His words puzzled me so much that I had a hard time making sense of what he really meant.
③Attention，please！We’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am tomorrow and then make for/make our way to the nearby farm to pick fruits.(通知)
④Although David ranked last in the cross-country run，he finally made it to the finish line，with all the audience cheering for him.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
尽管大卫在越野赛中排名最后，但他最终到达了终点线，所有的观众都在为他欢呼。
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·make up for sth 弥补
be made up of＝consist of/be composed of/be comprised of 由……构成
·make for 走向；冲向
make it 获得成功；准时到达
make a/no difference 有/没有作用或影响
make one’s way to 前往，去
make sense of 弄懂……的意思
make sure 确信；一定
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 It is universally acknowledged that life is made up of not only sunshine but also storms，so no matter what happens，we should learn to embrace it.(主旨升华)
众所周知，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。所以无论发生什么，我们都应该学会欣然接受。
句型公式：强调句型
【教材原句】 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
正是因为这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
以练促学 补全句子/同义句转换
①It was under your professional guidance that we have made such rapid progress in English.
正是在您的专业指导下，我们的英语才取得了如此迅速的进步。
②I didn’t realize what a good deed it was to have helped someone in trouble until I returned home.(主旨升华)
→It was not until I returned home that I realized what a good deed it was to have helped someone in trouble.(强调句型)
→Not until I returned home did I realize what a good deed it was to have helped someone in trouble.(倒装),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·强调句型的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
·强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
·强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
·not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Patting them gently on their shoulders，father said in a warm voice，“Darling，you should bear in mind that it’s love that counts”.(动作＋语言描写)
父亲轻轻地拍着他们的肩膀，用温暖的声音说：“亲爱的，你们要记住：爱才是最重要的。”
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①The three dogs formed a pack that，with coaching，respected Flora’s space.(2022·全国甲卷) n.一群，一伙
②To become a specialist，one may have to narrow his range of knowledge.
(2021·天津3月卷) vt.使……变窄；缩小
③We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.vt.认可，赞赏
④Looking at the flat tire，he was annoyed and didn’t know what to do next.adj.瘪了的；撒了气的
2.选出view的汉语意思
A.vt.观看 B.n.视野 C.n.景色 D.n.看法
E.vt.把……视为
①You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)E
②When the car goes around the corner，our house will come into view.B
③These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor.(景物描写)A
④In my view，attitude is more important than facts.The only thing we can do is hold a positive attitude.D
⑤Standing on the top of Mount Tai，we are able to enjoy the beautiful view of the whole city.(景点介绍)C
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.The teenager gave a detailed(detail) description of the scene where he narrowly(narrow) escaped being hit by a passing car.
2.Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations(accommodate) aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.(2021·全国乙卷)
3.I love nature，so I really want to see some beautiful sights (sight) in China during the following summer holiday.
4.I show great respect and admiration (admire) for Yuan Longping，Father of Hybrid Rice.(人物介绍)
5.The host had contacted(contact) me in advance by the time he reached the pub packed(pack) with people.
6.As is known to us，our national ping-pong team is more powerful (power) than any other one in the world.
7.When he heard someone calling him in the street in New York，he turned back in amazement(amaze).
8.He always lost his temper，making (make) it difficult for others to work with him.
9.It is the meaningful activity that brings attention to campus protection.
10.They accurately reflect the changes of natural rhythms and play an extremely (extreme) important role in people’s daily life.
练一 单元话题作文(推荐信——向外国朋友推荐旅游景点)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①得知你渴望在暑假期间欣赏中国美丽的景色，我就迫不及待地想为你做好安排了。(admire，sight，arrangement，现在分词短语作状语)
Learning that you are eager to admire the beautiful sights in China during the summer holiday，I can’t wait to make arrangements for you.
②鉴于你对中国古代建筑的赞赏，我强烈向你推荐故宫博物院和颐和园。(view，admiration)
In view of your admiration for ancient Chinese architecture，I strongly recommend the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace to you.,
③它们被认为是神奇的中国古代建筑艺术的象征，代表着中国人民的智慧。(recognize，amazing，it作形式主语)
It is recognized that they are the symbols of amazing ancient Chinese architectural art，and represent the wisdom of Chinese people.
④正因为这个原因，它们才受到了来自世界各地的人民的高度赞赏。(强调句型)
It is for this reason that they are highly appreciated by people from all over the world.
⑤这次行程计划持续两天，这不仅能让你饱览到美丽的风景，还能深入了解中国的建筑。(view，非限制性定语从句)
The trip is scheduled to last two days，which will surely make you not only have a good view of the beautiful scenery but also gain a deep insight into Chinese architecture.
⑥如果你有任何问题，请不要犹豫联系我。期待着你的到来。(contact)
If you have any questions，please don’t hesitate to contact me.Looking forward to your coming.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear friend，
Learning that you are eager to admire the beautiful sights in China during the summer holiday，I can’t wait to make arrangements for you.,
In view of your admiration for ancient Chinese architecture，I strongly recommend the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace to you.It is recognized that they are the symbols of amazing ancient Chinese architectural art，and represent the wisdom of Chinese people.It is for this reason that they are highly appreciated by people from all over the world.What’s more，the trip is scheduled to last two days，which will surely make you not only have a good view of the beautiful scenery but also gain a deep insight into Chinese architecture.
If you have any questions，please don’t hesitate to contact me.Looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第三步：成长后的升华
1.It was at that moment that a warm surge of streams washed through my body，and the image of the horse emerged in my mind，encouraging me to continue writing.Indeed，I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance，whatever difficulties might arise.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
就在那一刻，一股暖流涌进了我的身体，马的形象出现在我的脑海里，鼓励着我继续写作。的确，我尝到了胜利的滋味，学会了不管遇到什么困难，都要坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。
2.I finally knew what it meant to work hard and sacrifice for others.Dad had been right all along：the most precious gift is to touch the hearts of those you love. 我终于知道了努力工作和为他人做出牺牲意味着什么。爸爸一直都是对的：最珍贵的礼物是触摸你所爱的人的心。
3.A sense of pride swept over Natalie.“I remember what you told me—be patient.” said Natalie，smiles flickering on her face.
娜塔莉充满了自豪感。“我记得你告诉我的，要有耐心。”娜塔莉说，脸上闪烁着微笑。
4.The performance that night was eventually a big success.Hearing the thunderous applause，I took
pride in my role and firmly believed that even a dandelion had its own beauty.
当晚的演出最终大获成功。听到雷鸣般的掌声，我为自己的角色感到自豪，并且坚信甚至蒲公英也有自己的美。
[小试身手]
“Well done！Tom！Well done！Tell me how you made it！” said the master with great joy.Tom scratched his head ①with a shy smile，and told the story of Granny Bell ②with tears shinning in his eyes.“I know I am as slow as a snail，but ③the snail also can achieve his dream with great persistence and determination.” In another huge wave of cheers，the master gave the prize to Tom who deserved it well.We may face difficulties and prejudice in life，④but nothing is impossible if we put our heart into it.
“干得好！汤姆！干得好！告诉我你是怎么做到的！”校长非常高兴地说。汤姆害羞地微笑着挠了挠头，眼睛里闪着泪光，讲述了贝尔奶奶的故事。“我知道我像蜗牛一样慢，但蜗牛也可以以极大的毅力和决心实现他的梦想。”在又一阵欢呼声中，校长把奖品颁给了当之无愧的汤姆。我们在生活中可能会遇到困难和偏见，但如果我们用心去做，没有什么是不可能的。
