UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与自我——关爱同学)
作者的儿子Evan邀请来自三个不同大洲的交换生来家里过感恩节，喜欢烹饪的作者计划为他们分别做一道家乡菜。在得知Evan的朋友们喜欢一种叫作foufou的食物时，他准备做这道菜……
精彩范文
As I was talking with Eldrick，I smelt a smell of burning in the air. I suddenly remembered that the foufou was still on the stove! I immediately rushed into the kitchen，only to find the burning foufou. I felt so sorry.Just then，Evan and Eldrick entered the kitchen after me.I regretfully apologized to Eldrick，but he comforted me in return and offered to cook foufou for us.So that day we had the real foufou and other delicious dishes.
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的副词
suddenly，immediately，regretfully
2.精彩的动词词组
apologized to，offered to
3.提分高级句式
不定式作结果状语：
only to find the burning foufou
1.fortune n.机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①He was fortunate to get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own business fortunately.(fortune)
②In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the new year.(节日介绍)
在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。
③I’m fortunate enough to have you by my side.Whenever I’m in trouble，you are always the first to show up.(感谢信)
我很幸运，有你在我身边，每当我遇到困难，你总是第一个出现。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·seek/try one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
make a fortune 发财；赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
·be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 During the festival，children go out at night carrying red lanterns symbolizing good fortune and guess riddles written on lanterns.(节日介绍)
在节日期间，孩子们晚上拿着象征着好运的红灯笼出去玩，并猜写在灯笼上的谜语。
2.admit vi.& vt.承认(confess) vt.准许进入(或加入)；接纳→admission n.准许进入；承认；入场费；门票费
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①One day I got word that he was admitted (admit) to hospital for a serious disease.(2022·浙江1月卷)
②Besides，there will be an admission (admit) charge of 50 yuan for each person.
③Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.(祝贺信)
得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·admit (to) doing/having done... 承认做/做过……
admit that... 承认……
It is admitted that... 人们公认……
·be admitted to/into 被录取到；被允许进入；接收(入院)
be admitted as... 作为……被接受
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Admitting having lied to his mother，the boy bowed his head in shame and tears of regret poured down his face.(情绪描写)
男孩承认对母亲撒了谎，羞愧地低下头，悔恨的泪水从脸上流了下来。
3.occur vi. (occurred，occurred，occurring)发生；出现
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①With an idea occurring (occur)to me，I stepped to my brother and asked him to open his coat.
②It suddenly struck/hit/occurred to me that I could win the first place by forcing my head inside the pumpkin.(2021·浙江1月卷)
我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that... 某人突然想起……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Memories with the hummingbird occurred to me when I walked to the blackberry-lined path.(2023·浙江1月卷)
当我走到长满黑莓的小路上时，我想起了与蜂鸟的往事。
4.seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We yelled at the bear and hit glass bottles，seeking to frighten (frighten)the bear away.(2020·浙江7月卷)
②I sought (seek) advice from your teacher when I got into trouble in school.
③From the data we can conclude that the majority of students seek light-hearted ways to learn English.(2022·全国乙卷)
从数据中我们可以得出结论，大多数学生寻求轻松的方法学习英语。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
seek jobs/advice/assistance 寻找工作/征求建议/寻求帮助
seek out 找出；找到
seek for... 寻找……
seek to do sth 试图做某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 In my opinion，when in trouble，we should seek help from those we trust most.
在我看来，当遇到困难时，我们应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助。
5.escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 vt.被忘掉 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Only a minority of students want to escape taking(take) responsibility for their own behavior.
②It was claimed that a prisoner had escaped from the prison，which shocked the public.
③At last，we had a narrow escape，fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.(2020·浙江7月卷)
最后，我们九死一生，很幸运没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·escape from 从……逃脱，从……逃跑
escape (doing) sth 避开(做)某事
escape being done 逃避被……
·have a narrow escape 死里逃生
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 To their relief，the trapped students narrowly escaped from the burning building with the assistance of the firefighters.
使他们感到宽慰的是，在消防队员的帮助下，被困的学生从着火的大楼中逃了出来。
6.settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n.定居点；协议；解决→settler n.移居者；殖民者
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
②If you watch long enough，you will see many problems settled (settle) in this way.
③Bernard settled down to learning how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始学习如何做爆米花。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下
settle/get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事
settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 As far as I’m concerned，the problems can be settled in no time if you double your efforts.(建议信)
在我看来，如果你加倍努力，问题可以很快解决。
7.contain vt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；控制→container n.容器；集装箱；货柜
以练促学 猜测词义/单句语法填空/补全句子
①Our school stadium is large enough to contain 3，000 people，where a wide variety of sports events can be held.vt.容纳
②He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he).
③At the sight of the present，their mom tried to contain her excitement，but the glittering tears failed her.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
看到这个礼物，他们的妈妈试图抑制自己的激动，却激动得落泪了。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
contain oneself 克制自己
contain one’s excitement/anger 抑制自己的激动/愤怒
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seconds later，he tried to contain his anger and awkwardly walked up to greet his father，ignoring his mother’s existence.(心理＋动作描写)
几秒钟后，他试图抑制自己的愤怒，尴尬地走上前去迎接父亲，全然不顾母亲的存在。
8.bring about导致；引起
以练促学 用bring的相关短语填空/补全句子
①It’s only a matter of time before they can bring out their new book about the people struggling for independence.
②Born into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.
③The government has taken measures to bring down the prices of meat to keep the market stable.
④The kindness of the family brought back my faith in humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future.(主旨升华)
这家人的善意让我重拾了对人性的信心，将来我会努力给别人带来温暖。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
bring in 引进；获利；赚钱
bring out 出版；使显现
bring down 使倒下；减少；降低；击败
bring back 把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 With the development of technology，the Internet has brought about great changes in the way we learn.(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷)
随着科技的发展，网络给我们的学习方式带来了巨大的变化。
1.句型公式：what引导名词性从句
【教材原句】 But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food.
但也许许多游客和旧金山的人最珍惜的是唐人街的食物。
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①What struck me most is that the English level of non-English majors has been approaching that of English majors.
②A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.
③What impressed me most(令我印象最深刻的) was the amazing works by those gifted student painters.(2021·浙江6月卷),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主语、表语和宾语。
·what引导名词性从句可表示“……的事情或东西；……的人或样子；所……的地方等”。
·that引导名词性从句，在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 What we should focus on/concentrate on is what we can do for ocean protection instead of shouting slogans.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
我们应该关注的是我们能为海洋保护做什么而不是仅仅喊口号。
2.句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
【教材原句】 The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese，many of whom do not speak English fluently.
唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华人，他们中的许多人英语说得不流利。
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①There are many scenic spots in Beijing，the most attractive one of which is the Great Wall.(景点介绍，2021·天津3月卷)
②传统中国画大赛将于下个月在学校礼堂举行，其目的是推广我们的中国传统文化。(通知)
→Traditional Chinese Painting Contest will be held in the school hall next month，whose aim is to promote our traditional Chinese culture.
→Traditional Chinese Painting Contest will be held in the school hall next month，the aim of which is to promote our traditional Chinese culture.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·one/two/several/most/each/all/...＋of which/whom...
·the＋n.＋of which/whom...(该结构一般可与“whose＋n.”互换)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 During his lifetime，he wrote a great number of extraordinary poems，all of which have a great effect/influence on Chinese culture.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
在他的一生中，他写了大量优秀的诗歌，所有这些都对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。
True friendship is like sound health，the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.
真正的友谊犹如健康，失去时才知其价值。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①We need people who can work at our warehouse (仓库) sorting and packing items to be delivered to families，repair donated furniture and more.(2021·天津3月卷)n.物品
②Bob looked back，only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.vt.被遗忘
③How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission？(2022·全国乙卷)n.入场费；门票费
2.选出claim的汉语意思
A.vt.宣称 B.vt.索回 C.vt.索要，索赔
D.vt.认领 E.vt.夺取(生命)
①It is reported that Hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives.E
②It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution.It’s high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it.(2022·全国甲卷)A
③You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.B
④Because the accident had not been her fault，Barbara was able to claim damages.C
⑤If the owner doesn’t claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption.D
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Those poisonous(poison) chemicals contained in tobacco can cause a lot of diseases，such as heart problems and lung cancer.
2.This weekend witnessed our active participation in garbage collection (collect)voluntary activity in the Hongxing Community.
3.Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life，seeking (seek) a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.(2021·天津3月卷)
4.The players selected (select) from the whole country are faced with great challenges，but they are training hard to be admitted (admit) as athletes in the Olympics.
5.Containing (contain) rich natural and cultural relics，Mount Tai has been listed on the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List.
6.To gain admission (admit) to a key university，the boy will definitely (definite) take advantage of the precious chance.
7.Having been a responsible volunteer for many times in China，I do believe that I’m the suitable(suit) person that you want.(申请信)
8.A bright idea suddenly occurred (occur) to me that I could use the money earned (earn) last month to buy him a gift.
9.What is important is that my good communication skills enable me to keep a good relationship with others.
10.Some people agree that we should carry out this construction(construct) project because it can solve some traffic problems.
练一 单元话题作文(电子邮件——中国——爱尔兰文化节)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①一切都好吗？虽然距离我们在中爱文化节上见面已经过去很久了，但我不时地想起那些美好的回忆。(occur)
How is everything going Though it’s long since we met at the Sino-Ireland Culture Festival，the beautiful memories occurred to me from time to time.
②为体验多元文化，促进两国文化交流，上月在我市举办了“中国——爱尔兰文化节”。(diverse，不定式作目的状语)
To experience diverse cultures and promote cultural exchanges between the two countries，the Sino-Ireland Culture Festival was held in our city last month.
③两国的一些学生代表出席了艺术节，其中许多人第一次参加这一系列的活动。(series，全部倒装，“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
Present at the festival were some student representatives of both countries，many of whom took part in the series of activities for the first time.
④这次艺术节非常成功，不仅让我们欣赏到了精彩的表演，也让我亲身感受到了两国文化的多样性和丰富性。(diversity，at first hand，which引导非限制性定语从句)
The festival was so successful，which not only let us admire amazing performances but also helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures at first hand.
⑤给我印象最深的是文化之夜，来自两国的人们展示了他们精心准备的艺术表演。(what引导主语从句，where引导定语从句),
What impressed me most was the Culture Night，where people from both countries presented their well-prepared art performances.
⑥幸运的是，我们在活动中认识了对方，愿我们保持联系，友谊长存。(fortunate)
It is fortunate that we make acquaintance with each other in the event and may we keep in touch and our friendship be everlasting.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear Chris，
How is everything going Though it’s long since we met at the Sino-Ireland Culture Festival，the beautiful memories occurred to me from time to time.
To experience diverse cultures and promote cultural exchanges between the two countries，the Sino-Ireland Culture Festival was held in our city last month.
Present at the festival were some student representatives of both countries，many of whom took part in the series of activities for the first time.The festival was so successful，which not only let us admire amazing performances but also helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures at first hand.What impressed me most was the Culture Night，where people from both countries presented their well-prepared art performances.
It is fortunate that we make acquaintance with each other in the event and may we keep in touch and our friendship be everlasting.
Yours，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第二步：主题升华
1.Despite the chill autumn wind，their home was filled with the warmth of love and reunion.(2020·浙江1月卷)
尽管秋风凛冽，但他们的家却充满了爱和团聚的温暖。
2.The rain that came that day was a miracle，saving our farm，just like my boy saved a life.
那天下的雨是个奇迹，它拯救了我们的农场，就像我的儿子拯救了一条生命一样。
3.Appearing to be feeling better，the wolf slowly raised his head and gave a gentle kiss to Becky’s hand as if to express thanks.What a warm scene!
狼似乎感觉好多了，慢慢地抬起头，轻轻地吻了一下贝基的手，好像在表达感谢。多么温馨的一幕啊！
4.As humans，we should also take care of the animal’s loneliness.
作为人类，我们也应该照顾动物的孤独。
[小试身手]
About two weeks later，I heard my husband calling，“Oh，my God！” Thinking something similar happened again，I ran over to have a look.①He was looking out of the window and said excitedly，“Look！What a surprise！There are three eggs in the sparrow’s nest！They’re going to have babies of their own！” ②He was happy，like a child and unconsciously opened the closed window.After that，there are always breadcrumbs on the window platform of the reading room.
大约两周后，我听到丈夫喊道：“哦，我的天哪！”我以为又发生了类似的事情，就跑过去看了看。他正看着窗外，兴奋地说：“看！真是个惊喜！麻雀的巢里有三个蛋！它们要有自己的孩子了！”他很高兴，像个孩子似的，不知不觉地打开了紧闭的窗户。在那之后，阅览室的窗台上总是有面包屑。UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与社会——邻里关爱)
(新高考Ⅰ卷)由于经济衰退，许多家庭都在努力维持生计。Mrs. Meredith是个善良体贴的人，她拜访贫穷的人，给他们送去食物和药品。在她拜访过一个家庭后，她把这个家庭的情况告诉给了孩子们，并希望他们去帮助那个叫伯纳德的小男孩……
精彩范文
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea，she thought it was a good one，too.When the three siblings called on Bernard and shared the “big” project with the poor boy，Bernard’s face lit up, but quickly his excitement faded.“Thank you for your big box of corn，but I don’t have a single penny to buy paper bags” Bernard sighed heavily.Smiling shyly，John produced 50 dollars，which was contributed together by Clara and Harry.Excitement returned to Bernard’s face as he murmured a sincere “thank you” with a trembling voice.
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的副词
quickly，heavily，shyly
2.精彩的神情描写
①Bernard’s face lit up but quickly his excitement faded.
②sighed heavily
3.提分高级句式
(1)现在分词短语作状语：
Smiling shyly...
(2)无灵主语句：
①his excitement faded
②Excitement returned to Bernard’s face...
(3)介宾短语作状语：with a trembling voice
1.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应(reply)；回应→response n.回答；答复；反应
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Greatly surprised by her response(respond)，I left with a mixture of gratitude，humility，respect and shame.(情绪描写)
②She made no response to the principle，which made me boil with anger.
③In response to the appeal，I have made some changes in my way of life，which range from transportation to water saving.
为了响应号召，我在生活方式上做出了一些改变，从交通方式到节水。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·respond to 对……做出回应或反应；答复
·in response to 作为对……的答复；作为对……的回应或反应
make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回答
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Every time I asked him for advice，he would respond to/make a response to me immediately.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
每当我向他寻求建议时，他总是立即给我回复。
2.appoint vt.任命；委派→appointed adj.约定的；指定的→appointment n.约会；约定，预约；委任
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①I was appointed (appoint) to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
②由于已经和牙医预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(道歉信，2021·北京卷)
Because I have made/had an appointment with the dentist，I am terribly sorry for being unable to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
→Having made/had an appointment with the dentist，I am terribly sorry for being unable to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(分词短语作状语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
·make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约
keep/break an appointment 守约/违约
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Learning that he was appointed as head of the team，he couldn’t contain his excitement and danced into the house.(动作＋心理描写)
得知他被任命为队长后，他激动得雀跃着进了家门。
3.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕(frighten) vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的(frightened)；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.吓人的(frightening)；恐怖的
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①“I was so scared(scare) that I hurried home in panic without telling him，” Adam said，full of guilt.(心理描写)
②After watching a scary(scare) film in the cinema，she was scared of walking home alone and therefore，she called a taxi.
③I bowed my head timidly and was scared to look at my father’s cloudy face.(心理描写)
我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
·scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I thought she might be scared too，so I held out one hand to hold hers，patting her on the back with the other.(动作描写)
我想她可能也害怕了，于是我伸出一只手来握住她的手，另一只手轻轻地拍了拍她的背。
4.replace vt.接替；取代(substitute)；更换；放回原处
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①As far as I’m concerned，it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks.
②喜欢并向其他文化学习是好的，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。
→It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them，but they can never replace your own culture.
→It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them，but they can never take the place of your own culture.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·replace...with/by... 用……替换……
replace...as... 取代……而成为……
·take the place of sb＝take sb’s place 代替某人
in place of 代替
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 A sense of strength immediately replaced the fear and anxiety in Jane’s mind.(心理描写)
一种力量立刻取代了简脑海中的恐惧和焦虑。
5.assist vt.帮助(help，aid)；协助；援助→assistant n.助手；助理→assistance n.帮助；协助
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school，I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching assistant(assist).(申请信)
②When the twins were worried that they couldn’t succeed in making a delicious Mother’s Day breakfast，their father came to their assistance.With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them，the twins made it，and their faces also lit up with a smile.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，他们的脸上也洋溢着笑容。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人
·come/go to one’s assistance 来/去援助某人
with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seeing more and more leaves falling down on our campus，an idea flashed through my mind that I would assist the cleaners in picking/to pick leaves so as to prevent them from scattering all over the campus.
看到越来越多的树叶落在校园里，我的脑海里闪过一个念头，我要帮助清洁工捡树叶，以防止它们散落在校园里。
6.tear n.眼泪；泪水 vt.(tore，torn，tearing)撕破
以练促学 补全句子
①With all the anger and disappointment exploding in my heart，I finally burst into tears.(情绪描写)
我满腔的愤怒和失望，终于哭了起来。
②I was heartbroken to see tears streaming down Jane’s cheeks.(心理描写)
看到简泪流满面，我很伤心。
③Hearing their plan，Bernard jumped for joy，tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes.(情绪描写，2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·in tears 流着泪；含着泪
burst into tears 突然大哭起来
fight/hold back tears 强忍住泪水
·tear sth apart 撕碎；使分裂
tear sth down 推倒；拆毁(建筑物)
tear sth up 把(纸/布)撕碎
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 When we tear one page from the calendar，it means our life has been shortened by one day.Therefore，we should enjoy every day to the fullest.
每当我们从日历上撕下一页，就意味着我们的生命又少了一天。因此，我们应该充分享受每一天。
7.harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的；不致伤害的
以练促学 补全句子
①Suddenly，an idea flashed into her mind.Perhaps there might be no harm if she moved the mark Grandmother had put in the stocking.
突然，她的脑海里闪出了一个想法。如果她移动了祖母放在长筒袜上的标记，也许不会有什么坏处。
②We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our environment，such as littering and wasting energy.(倡议书)
我们应该放弃那些对我们的环境有害的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾和浪费能源。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·harm one’s health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉
·do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害
There is no harm in doing sth做某事没有害处
mean no harm 无恶意
·be harmful to... 对……有害
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I cupped my hand over the phone，whispering to her that I meant no harm.(动作描写)
我用手捂住电话，低声告诉她我没有恶意。
8.in memory of作为对……的纪念
以练促学 补全句子
①As chairman of the Students’ Union，I was appointed to be in charge of arranging all the activities during your stay in Tianjin.
作为学生会主席，我被委派负责安排你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。
②A thought suddenly came to her that Darla was not the one in need of comfort，but she was.
她突然想到，达拉不是需要安慰的人，但她需要安慰。
③In terms of the content of the competition，you can draw or write anything related to the Winter Olympics.
就比赛内容而言，你可以画或写任何与冬奥会有关的东西。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
in honour of 为了向……表示敬意，纪念……
in need of 需要
in charge of 负责，管理
in search of 寻找
in favour of 赞同，支持
in terms of 就……而言
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 An activity themed “Learning from the great role models” is scheduled to be held by our school this week in memory of the heroes who sacrificed in the mountain fire.(通知)
为了纪念在山火中牺牲的英雄们，我们学校定于本周举行一场以“向伟大的榜样学习”为主题的活动。
1.句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
【教材原句】 To a person nothing is more precious than their life...
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Hard though it is，there is nothing as valuable as the sense of achievement you get from challenging yourself.(主旨升华)
②Nothing is more rewarding than taking part in the five-kilometer cross-country running race，which benefits us physically and mentally.(报道，2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
没有什么比参加5公里越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们的身心都有益处。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody等。
(2)含否定词，表最高级意义的其他表达：
·否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
·否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than
·have/had never/not＋ v.-ed＋such＋形容词原级＋名词。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 “I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded excitedly.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。
2.句式解读：“见证”的拟人用法
【教材原句】 The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
新中国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了关键的作用。
以练促学 补全句子
①The next two weeks saw/witnessed the two brothers inspiring each other and making progress steadily.
接下来的两个星期，两兄弟互相鼓舞，稳步进步。
②The old temple has seen great changes of the village in the past decades.
这座古庙见证了过去的几十年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。
·find，witness，say，experience等词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Last Sunday witnessed a friendly basketball match in our school，which is aimed at boosting our teamwork and enriching our campus life.(活动介绍)
上周日，我们学校举行了一场篮球友谊赛，旨在促进我们的团队合作，丰富我们的校园生活。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效)across the board.(2022·全国乙卷) n.运行；操作
②A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) n.咬合
③People with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) n.个人经历；履历
2.选出sharp的汉语意思
A.adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的 B.adj.锋利的
C.adj.突然转向的 D.adj.敏锐的
E.adj.尖锐的
①It was not until the moment she got closer that I saw the raspberries held in her sharp mouth.(2023·浙江1月卷)B
②Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age.(2020·浙江7月卷改编)D
③Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town.A
④The car made a sharp turn to the left，which made my car almost crash into his.C
⑤The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness，and aging.
(2023·全国甲卷)E
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.As everyone knows，it’s no use crying over spilled/spilt (spill) milk.
2.The students seemed to be expecting another boring and dull lesson，some dropping their eyes and some whispering(whisper) in the back rows.
3.In the view of the retired (retire) teacher，humor can make one energetic (energy) in his work，study and life.
4.Their main complaint (complain) is that the prices of a wide range of daily goods have risen sharply (sharp) in the past days.
5.I had intended to buy a gift to congratulate him on his marriage (marry)，but I was rejected (reject).
6.We complained (complain) to the travel agency about the terrible service during the trip the other day.However，no one has responded(respond) until now.
7.As Beijing is the first city to host (host) both the Summer and Winter Games，the 2022 Olympic Torch features a similar design to the 2008 Olympic Torch.
8.After Lincoln was elected(elect) President of the US in 1861，they rented the house and sold most of their furniture.(2021·浙江6月卷)
9.Bitten (bite) by the snake in the bush，Susan was sent back to the camp.
10.You can put the books in the appointed(appoint) place，and other participants can have free access to them.
练一 单元话题作文(人物介绍——最尊敬的人)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①当说到我最尊敬的人时，第一个出现在我脑海里的人是我的英语老师张老师。(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth)
When it comes to the person I respect most，the first person to come to my mind is my English teacher Miss.Zhang.
②她是一位热情敬业的老师，把我们当作她的孩子一样照顾和教导。(tend，定语从句)
She is a warm-hearted and dedicated teacher，who tends and instructs us as if we were her children.
③她不仅教学方法灵活，而且不遗余力地帮助我们克服困难。(assist，部分倒装)
Not only does she have a flexible teaching method, but she also spares no effort to assist us to overcome/in overcoming the difficulties.
④每当我在学习和生活中遇到问题时，总是她帮助我渡过难关。(carry sb through，强调句型)
Whenever I encounter problems in study and life，it is always she that/who carries me through the tough period.
⑤她在工作上投入了大量的时间，取得了很大的成就，赢得了所有师生的尊敬。(a great deal，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句),
She has devoted a great deal of time to her work and has made great achievements，for which she has won respect from all the teachers and students.
⑥我的英语老师是我最尊敬的人，在我们心目中没有人比她更美丽。(否定词＋比较级)
My English teacher is the person I respect most and in our mind no one is more beautiful than her.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
When it comes to the person I respect most，the first person to come to my mind is my English teacher Miss Zhang.
She is a warm-hearted and dedicated teacher，who tends and instructs us as if we were her children.Not only does she have a flexible teaching method, but she also spares no effort to assist us to overcome/in overcoming the difficulties.Additionally, whenever I encounter problems in study and life，it is always she that/who carries me through the tough period.She has devoted a great deal of time to her work and has made great achievements，for which she has won respect from all the teachers and students.
All in all, my English teacher is the person I respect most and in our mind no one is more beautiful than her.
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
热考话题五 和谐自然类
和谐自然类话题是高考读后续写的热考话题之一。2023年浙江1月卷的主题为作者救助蜂鸟；2020年浙江1月卷的主题为父母决定给Poppy买一条小狗作伴，帮助Poppy摆脱孤独和想念，传递了人与动物和谐相处的理念。
和谐自然类可以这样构思情节：
第一步：人与动物和谐相处
第二步：主题升华(陪伴、珍爱生命、自然和谐、忠诚等)
构思情节第一步：人与动物和谐相处
1.“I’m going to miss you so much，Poppy，” said the tall，thin teenager.He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye.(2020·浙江1月卷)
“我会非常想念你的，Poppy，”这个又高又瘦的少年说。他弯下腰去拥抱他的老朋友道别。
2.Content and joyful，she flew about 2 meters above the ground，turning her head from side to side as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again.
既满意又高兴，她在距离地面大约两米的空中飞着，头左右转动，似乎再一次向我表达挽救她生命的感激之情。
3.His parents watched them playing around and smiled with relief—Poppy was back to her old cheerful self！(2020·浙江1月卷)
他的父母看着他们玩耍，轻松地笑了——Poppy又恢复了她以前快乐的样子！
4.Jonathan still hang out with his friends a lot，but he never leaves his dog at home alone.He takes his dog wherever he goes.
乔纳森仍然经常和他的朋友们出去玩，但他从不把他的狗独自留在家里。无论去哪里他都带着他的狗。
[小试身手]
Dad put the box on the ground and opened the top.A shiny little wet nose popped up.Then two soft paws.Next the box tipped over sideways，and ①a cute creature came out and rolled on the ground.Poppy was amazed.She wagged the tail.She barked with joy.She smiled，her tongue rolling out as I walked up to the pup.The little pup was not shy ②and immediately starting jumping around the older dog.“That didn’t take long，” remarked Mom，③as both dogs went happily around the house in a pleasant game of chase.Dad laughed.(2020·浙江1月卷)
爸爸把盒子放在地上，打开了盖子。一个湿漉漉的发亮的小鼻子突然冒了出来。然后是两只柔软的爪子。接着盒子翻到一边，一个可爱的小东西出来在地上打滚。波比很吃惊。她摇了摇尾巴。她高兴地叫了起来。当我走向小狗时，她微笑着伸出舌头。这只小狗一点也不害羞，立刻围着老狗跳来跳去。“没花多长时间，”妈妈说，两只狗开心地在房子里追逐玩耍。爸爸笑了。
(提示：构思情节第二步见下一单元。)佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与自我——家庭亲情)
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)母亲节到了，双胞胎Jenna和Jeff为了献给母亲一份美味的早餐，自己动手来做饭，不幸的是，他们连连失败……
精彩范文
As the twins looked around them in disappointment，their father appeared.Their father seemed to understand exactly what had happened and what to do next. He grabbed the handle of the pan and slipped a bar of butter to melt before putting a slice of bread.Then he swiftly removed the porridge away，and poured another cup of rice，starting to cook it all over again.In between，he kept silent and focused on what he was doing.The twins stood straight，watching the hustle and bustle from their father.At 7 o’clock，everything was done and perfect.The twins took over the tray，feeling guilty about being over-confident about their competence in performing the house chores.
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的副词
exactly，swiftly，straight
2.精彩的动作链描写
①grabbed the handle of the pan and slipped a bar of butter...
②swiftly removed...poured...starting to cook it...
3.提分高级句式
现在分词短语作状语：
①starting to cook it all over again
②watching the hustle and bustle from their father
③feeling guilty about...
1.congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪→congratulation
n.祝贺；恭喜；(pl.)贺词
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①I am writing a letter of congratulation (congratulate) to you on your being elected as chairman of the Student Association.(祝贺信)
②我想衷心地祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。(祝贺信)
→I’d like to offer/express/send my sincere congratulations to you on your winning first place in the English Speech Competition.(congratulation)
→I’d like to congratulate you sincerely on your winning first place in the English Speech Competition.(congratulate),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺
·express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb (on sth) (因某事)向某人致以祝贺
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 After class，I approached Karan，expressed admiration for his team’s project and congratulated on their success sincerely.(动作链)
下课后，我找到了卡兰，对他的团队的项目表示了钦佩，并真诚地祝贺他们的成功。
2.range n.一系列；(变化或浮动的)范围、界限 vi.包括(各种不同的人或物)；(在一定范围内)变化
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The temperature in Kunming usually ranges between 15 ℃ and 25 ℃.That is why it is called “the Spring City”.
②此外，你可以组织各种各样的活动，从步行游览城市，探索北京的绿色空间，到植树，为城市的绿色未来做出贡献。(建议信，2023·北京卷)
→Moreover，you can arrange a wide range of activities，which range from a walking tour around the city to explore the green spaces in Beijing to planting trees to contribute to the city’s green future.(定语从句)
→Moreover，you can arrange a wide range of activities，ranging from a walking tour around the city to explore the green spaces in Beijing to planting trees to contribute to the city’s green future.(分词短语作状语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·a full/wide range of... 大范围的……，各种……；一系列……
within range of... 在射程以内；在……范围内
out of range of... 在射程外；在……范围外
·range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
range between...and... 在……到……之间变动
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Frankly speaking，there are a wide range of ways to learn English beyond the class，but it is important to find one that suits you best.(短文投稿，2022·全国乙卷)
坦率地说，除了课堂之外，学习英语的方法有很多，但重要的是找到一个最适合你的。
She has had a number of different jobs ranging from chef to swimming instructor.
她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。
3.figure n.人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定
以练促学 猜测词义/补全句子
①All of us students figure that the fruit-picking activity is a great success.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) vt.认为
②As for my favorite figure in Chinese history，it must be Wei Yuan，a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.n.人物
③Pacing back and forth，I shook my head trying to figure out what to do.弄清楚
④Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy.(建议信)
只有通过均衡饮食，定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·figure out 理解；计算出；弄清楚
·keep one’s figure 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
a political/historical figure 一位政治/历史人物
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 The terrible figure disappeared into the forest，after which Tom ran all the way home，his heart wildly beating.
那个可怕的身影消失在森林后，汤姆一路跑回家，他的心狂跳不止。(动作描写)
4.grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的(thankful)→gratitude n.感激之情；感谢
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The homeless man was so grateful to Robby，saying with tears running down his face，“I can’t thank you too much”.(情绪描写)
②To express our sincere gratitude (grateful) to you，we have carefully chosen a present for you.
③I’d like to take this opportunity to express/convey my gratitude to you.Without your help，I wouldn’t have adjusted to the new school so quickly.(感谢信)
我想借此机会向你表达我的感激之情。如果没有你的帮助，我就不会这么快就适应这个新学校了。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be grateful to sb (for sth)(因某事而)感激某人
be grateful that... 感激……
I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将不胜感激。
·express/convey one’s gratitude (to sb) (for sth)(因某事)(向某人)表示感谢
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 We will be grateful if you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show.(邀请信，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
如果您能接受我们的邀请并在节目中给我们宝贵的建议，我们将不胜感激。
5.significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的；重要的→significance n.重要性；重要意义
以练促学 补全句子/一句多译
①I attach great significance to working out at school，so we students must have PE class actively and punctually.(学校生活)
我认为在学校锻炼身体很重要，因此我们学生必须积极准时地上体育课。
②设立世界海洋日是为了让人们意识到保护海洋是很重要的。(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
→World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is of great significance/importance.
→World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is very significant/important.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be significant to/for 对……是重要的
It is significant that... 很明显……
·be of (great/no/little) significance to/for... 对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to (doing) sth 认为(做)某事(很)重要
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 The spirit of Lei Feng，which is very significant/of great significance to building a harmonious society，is the inheritance of China’s excellent traditional culture.(和谐社会)
雷锋精神是对中国优秀传统文化的继承，对构建和谐社会具有重要意义。
6.reflect vt.显示；反映；反射→reflection n.思考；映射；反射；倒影
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The young man lay on the grass quietly，reflecting(reflect) on what had happened that day.
②She was extremely pretty，and her house was a reflection (reflect) of herself，everything in good taste and in perfect order.(2021·浙江6月卷)
③She admired her beautiful face reflected in the mirror，lost in reflection.
她欣赏着映在镜子中自己美丽的脸庞，陷入了深思。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·reflect on/upon sth 反省/认真思考某事
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
·be lost in reflection 陷入深思
a reflection of... ……的反映/倒影
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 David lowered his head and sat on the ground quietly，reflecting on what I said to him just now.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫低下头，静静地坐在地上，回想着我刚才对他说的话。
7.represent vt.象征(symbolize)；代表；相当于；描述→representative
n.代表adj.典型的；有代表性的
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①They represented their concern for the safety of these children to the authorities.
②Li Bai was a representative (represent) of the poets in the Tang Dynasty，who was also one of the poets I admire most.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
③Representing/On behalf of our school，I’m more than glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.
我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关即将到来的排球比赛的一些事宜。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·represent sb/sth as/to be... 宣称某人为……；把某事叙述为……
represent sth to sb 向某人说明(传达)某事
·represent sb＝on behalf of sb 代表某人
·be representative of 是……的代表/典型
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Last but not least，I feel it a great honour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.
最后但同样重要的是，我非常荣幸代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛。
8.respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n.尊敬；尊重；方面(aspect)→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的→respectful adj.恭敬的；表示敬意的
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①She has been devoted to her work，for which I respect her a lot.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
②The event is intended to raise our awareness of labour and remind us of how valuable and respectable (respect) hard work is.
③In many respects of our life，there are always respectable people.With respect to/In respect of the person I respect most，I have to mention my maths teacher.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
在我们生活的许多方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人
·have/show respect for sb 尊重某人
out of respect for... 出于对……的尊敬
in respect of/with respect to 关于
in this respect 在这方面
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Our school English newspaper is calling for contributions themed “ Respect Teachers and Thank Teachers”，the purpose of which is to celebrate the 40th Teachers’ Day.(征文启事)
为庆祝第40届教师节，我校英语校报以“尊师谢师”为主题征集稿件。
9.set off出发；动身；启程；燃放(烟花)；引起；激起
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译
①They set out/off for the local supermarket together and bought some paper bags for popcorn.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
②You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
③Moreover，after the stadium is set up，a variety of sports events will be held.
此外，体育馆建成后，可以举行各种体育活动。
④他们着手打扫厨房，而他们的父亲帮忙做早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→They set about cleaning up the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast.
→They set out to clean up the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
set aside把……放到一旁；省出；暂时不考虑
set about(doing sth) 着手/开始做……
set out (to do sth) 出发；开始做……
set down 写下；记下；登记
set up 建立；树立；搭起
set free 释放，放走
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 At 7 am last Saturday we set off/out for the farm merrily like caged birds newly set free.On arriving at the farm，we set up tents and then set about picking fruits.(活动介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
上星期六早上7点，我们像刚放出来的笼中鸟一样，兴高采烈地出发去农场。一到农场，我们就搭起帐篷，然后开始摘水果。
句型公式：现在分词短语作状语
【教材原句】 I’m finally back home now，feeling really tired，but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it.
现在我终于回到家了，感到十分疲倦，但是和我的朋友一起欢度“那达慕”大会是完全值得的。
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①He rose to his feet，crossed the room and hugged me tightly，crying (cry) without control.(动作链)
②Hearing (hear) the exciting news，Karen wore a shining smile on her face.
③Hearing what the headmaster said，I was wild with joy，my eyes glittering with excitement.(心理描写)
当听到校长所说的话，我欣喜若狂，双眼兴奋地闪闪发光。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·现在分词(短语)作状语除了表示伴随以外，还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。
·现在分词(短语)除在句中作状语外，还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Representing our school，I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.All of you will visit the museum，enabling you to fully understand the brilliant history of our school.(发言稿，2021·浙江1月卷)
我代表我们学校真诚地欢迎你们的来访。你们所有人将参观博物馆，这使你们能够完全了解我们学校的光辉历史。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①After all，coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局).But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.(2021·全国乙卷) adv.一般地；通常
②The family called the Italian Culture Ministry；the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) n.原作，原稿
③I dislike seeing TV commercials when enjoying a wonderful soap opera.n.广告
2.选出harvest的汉语意思
A.n.收获季节 B.n.收获；收成 C.vt.收割(庄稼) D.vt.收获
①Choose your favorite and stick to it，and I’m sure you will harvest both pleasure and strength.D
②The poor harvest caused prices to rise sharply.B
③Farmers are extremely busy during the harvest.A
④These machines will also be able to identify and harvest all kinds of vegetables.C
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.By participating in this activity，I have become aware of the significance(significant) of showing respect for the old.
2.In my view，it’s our country’s being stronger that has made the cultural aspect of our country more attractive and charming(charm).
3.Yuan Longping was a Chinese agricultural (agriculture) scientist and educator，known for developing the first hybrid rice varieties in the 1970s.
4.As red represents(represent) life，wealth and good luck in Chinese culture，the conductor likes to have his home decorated(decorate) with red lanterns.
5.I was so absorbed in the colorful pictures and the interesting story that I absolutely (absolute) forgot my loneliness.
6.She will never forget the moment when she saw all the audience clapping (clap) their hands and cheering after her performance.
7.Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
8.How pleased(please) and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
9.People hold the belief that the Spring Festival and other traditional Chinese festivals will not be replaced by foreign festivals.
10.After figuring (figure) out the final total number，those representing (represent) the company were satisfied with the result.
练一 单元话题作文(推荐信——向英国朋友Bill推荐中国传统节日)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①了解到你将参加一个关于中国传统节日的分享会，我非常高兴向你推荐中秋节。(pleased，现在分词短语作状语)
Learning that you are going to take part in a sharing session about Chinese traditional festivals，I’m more than pleased to recommend the Mid-Autumn Festival to you.
②我推荐这个节日的原因是我们中国人认为庆祝中秋节是非常重要的。(significant，the reason why...is that...，it作形式宾语)
The reason why I recommend the festival is that we Chinese think it very significant to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival.
③无论我们多忙，我们一贯一起欣赏满月，一起吃月饼。(no matter how引导让步状语从句，it is typical of sb to do)
No matter how busy we are，it is typical of us to ,
admire the full moon and enjoy mooncakes together.
④这是因为月饼和满月一样圆，代表着家人团聚。(represent，现在分词短语作状语)
It is because mooncakes are as round as the full moon，representing family reunion.
⑤我们会做一系列美食，从鱼肉、猪肉到蔬菜不等。(range，现在分词短语作状语)
We will cook a wide range of delicious foods，ranging from fish，pork to vegetables.
⑥通过庆祝这个节日，我们也是表明我们对这一年的好收获的感激。(grateful，harvest)
By celebrating the festival，we are also to show that we are grateful for the year’s good harvests.
⑦如果你需要更多关于这个节日的信息，我很乐意告知你。(pleased)
If you need more information about the festival，I’m pleased to inform you of it.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear Bill，
Learning that you are going to take part in a sharing session about Chinese traditional festivals，I’m more than pleased to recommend the Mid-Autumn Festival to you.
The reason why I recommend the festival is that we Chinese think it very significant to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival.No matter how busy we are，it is typical of us to admire the full moon ,
and enjoy mooncakes together.It is because mooncakes are as round as the full moon，representing family reunion.Meanwhile，we will cook a wide range of delicious foods，ranging from fish，pork to vegetables.
By celebrating the festival，we are also to show that we are grateful for the year’s good harvests.
If you need more information about the festival，I’m pleased to inform you of it.
Yours，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第三步：皆大欢喜结局
1.感激
Now，I was definitely grateful to her for extending a helping hand.
现在，我非常感激她伸出的援助之手。
2.感动
In a flash，with tears welling up in my eyes，I was touched beyond words.
刹那间，我热泪盈眶，感动得说不出话来。
3.升华
①Sometimes，a small act of kindness can be powerful enough to make a huge difference.
有时，一个小小的善举足以产生巨大的影响。
②Just as the saying goes，“Roses given，fragrance in hand.”
正如谚语所说：“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”
[小试身手]
When his eyes caught mine，①I was able to see tears shining in his grateful eyes.I smiled back in tears.Not until that moment ②did I realize what a big difference one small help had made to him.I even saw his mom and dad looking at me and ③they felt moved beyond words.It dawned on me that never should we underestimate the power of our actions.④With one small gesture we can change a person’s life.For better or for worse.
当他的目光碰到我的目光时，我能看到他感激的眼睛里闪烁着泪光。我也含泪而笑。直到那一刻，我才意识到一个小小的帮助对他产生了多么大的影响。我甚至看到他的爸爸妈妈看着我，他们感动得说不出话来。我突然明白了，我们永远不应该低估我们行动的力量。用一个小小的手势，我们就可以改变一个人的一生。无论好坏。UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(报道——天宫课堂)
假定你是李华，你校上星期四组织同学们观看了中国空间站的“天宫课堂”(Lecture from China’s Tiangong Space Station)，请为你校英语校报写一篇报道介绍此项活动。内容包括：1.活动的时间；2.活动的内容(观看各种实验，与航天员互动等活动)3.活动意义。
精彩范文
A special activity called Lecture from China’s Tiangong Space Station was held last Thursday，which we had been looking forward to for ages.
We were lucky enough to attend this special class，in which crew members live streamed their public lecture on science and space.We watched magical phenomena in a variety of space experiments.In class，the astronauts became the“teachers in space”，interacting with students.Having seen those thrilling scenes in the space station, I can’t help wondering what if I became an astronaut.
This special space lecture has planted the seeds of interest in our minds，inspiring us to pursue our space dreams.Although hardship and sacrifice can’t be avoided，our efforts will pay off in the future.
迁移运用
每日句型练透：
现在分词的完成形式作状语
1.Having experienced so many failures one after another，she finally picked herself up.
她接连经历了那么多次失败后，终于振作起来了。
2.Having told the truth，he felt easier in his mind and returned home with a light heart.
说出真相后，他心里轻松了很多，心情放松地回家了。
3.Having made full preparations，she stood by the window，expecting the arrival of her daughter.
做好充分的准备后，她站在窗边，期待着女儿的到来。
1.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望/沮丧→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望；沮丧
以练促学 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Overcome with bitter disappointment (disappoint)at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself in the room. (心理描写)
②To their disappointment，they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→What made them disappointed/What disappointed them was that they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.(what引导的主语从句)
→They failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt，which made them disappointed/disappointed them.(定语从句),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be disappointed at/with/by... 对……失望
be disappointed to do sth 对做某事失望
be disappointed that... 对……失望
·to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Sensing that I was disappointed at/with/by his arrival，he did whatever he could to help me and care for me and my disappointment gradually gave way to my gratitude to him.(心理描写)
意识到我对于他的到来很沮丧，他竭尽全力帮助我、照顾我，我的沮丧逐渐转换成我对他的感激。
2.desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Reading can not only broaden our horizons，but also arouse our desire for knowledge.
②失望的双胞胎想要父亲告诉他们如何做三明治，他点点头。(动作描写，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→The disappointed twins desired their father to tell them how to make sandwiches，and he nodded.
→The disappointed twins desired that their father (should) tell them how to make sandwiches，and he nodded.,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物
·desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
desire that...(should) do... 渴望……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 As I had a strong desire to learn a new skill，I turned to my mother for help，with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation.(短文投稿，2023·全国乙卷)
由于我强烈渴望学习一种新技能，我向妈妈寻求帮助，在她的帮助下，我开始在暑假期间学习做饭。
3.signal vt.& vi.(signal(l)ed，signal(l)ed，signal(l)ing)标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号(sign)；标志；预示；信号灯
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month，signal(l)ing (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.(传统文化)
②The driver lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，ignoring the traffic signals all the way.(动作链)
司机抱起受伤的男孩，把他放在车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
signal that 示意……
·traffic signals 交通信号灯
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 When I stood beside a stand and sighed for lack of money，the seller noticed my dilemma，greeted me with a kind smile and signaled me to sit down.(动作链)
当我站在一个小摊旁叹息没钱时，小贩注意到了我的困境，亲切地微笑着向我打招呼，示意我坐下。
4.lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏→lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的
以练促学 一句多译
由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。
→Lacking confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词短语作状语)
→For/Through lack of confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(lack n.)
→Lacking in confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(lacking adj.),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·(a) lack of 缺少……
for/through lack of 因缺少……
·be lacking in 缺乏……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience，the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
尽管他们缺乏烹饪经验，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。
5.argue vi.& vt.(argued，argued，arguing)论证；争辩；争论；主张；说服→argument n.争论；争吵；论点
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①60% of the interviewees argue for rubbish classification and claim that they will do this in their daily life.
②It is beyond argument(argue) that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.
③Eager to master some basic living skills，I argued my mother into teaching me how to cook during the May Day holiday.(短文投稿，2023·全国乙卷)
渴望掌握一些基本的生活技能，我说服了母亲在五一节期间教我做饭。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
argue with sb about/over sth 因某事与某人争吵/争论
argue for/against (doing)sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事
argue that... 主张……，认为……
argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 He encouraged me and argued that I should work on the project alone.(2022·浙江1月卷)
他鼓励我并主张我应该独自完成该课题。
6.attach vt.系；绑；贴→attached adj.附加的；附属的；依恋的，爱慕的→attachment n.附件；附属品；依恋
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①For more detailed information，you might as well check the attached (attach) poster.
②To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming (become)rich and famous.
③She found a box lying on the table with a card attached to it，saying “Happy birthday”.
她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，上面写着“生日快乐”。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·attach...to... 把……固定/附在……上
attach great importance/significance to... 认为……很重要/很有意义
·be attached to 附属于；依恋
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 We attach great significance to such activities，from which we can gain many labor abilities and increase our sense of social responsibility.(活动介绍)
我们非常重视这些活动，从中我们可以获得许多劳动能力，增强我们的社会责任感。
7.result in导致；造成
以练促学 同义句转换/一句多译
①It is known to us that hard work results in success.
→As is known to us，success results from hard work.
②直到他再次失败后，他才意识到是他的懒惰导致了他的失败。
→Only after he failed a second time did he realize that his laziness resulted in his failure.(result in)
→Only after he failed a second time did he realize that his failure resulted from his laziness.(result from),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·result from/arise from 由……造成；因……而产生
·as a result/consequence 结果
as a result of 由于……的原因
without result 没有结果；白费
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Not only did the cultural festival make us know more about diverse cultures，but it also resulted in mutual understanding and friendship.(2022·浙江1月卷)
文化节不仅使我们更多地了解了不同的文化，也促进了彼此的理解和友谊。
8.run out用完；耗尽
以练促学 用run的相关短语填空/补全句子
①She has run out of all her money and her patience is also running out.
②The moment we ran across/into a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and ran after it without hesitation.
③David was running out of his energy but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he was plodding(步履艰难) his way towards the finish line，bathed in sweat.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫快要筋疲力尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他浑身是汗，蹒跚地朝终点线走去。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
run out of 用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态)
run across 偶然遇到
run after 追逐；追求
run into 撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources are running out.
在未来，爱护环境将变得很重要，因为地球的自然资源濒临枯竭。
句型公式：the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式
【教材原句】 Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.
后来，苏联专注于把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①John was the first person to think (think)of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help(help) Bernard out of difficulty.
②There is no doubt that I am the best person to take up the job.(申请信)
毫无疑问我是从事这项工作的最佳人选。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、 the next，the only，the right，the last等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
·动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability，chance，opportunity，way，right，ambition，patience，anxiety，attempt等名词。
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 He is the first Chinese to realize the dream of sailing around the world，as well as the first Chinese to cross the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷)
他是第一个实现全球航行梦想的中国人，也是第一个穿过英吉利海峡和大西洋的中国人。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①She was displeased with absolutely everything，nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “ regular”.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) n.常客
②“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)
③Start a business using the help of your local library.If you want to have a business of your own，your local library can become a launch space for it.(2020·天津7月卷) n.启动
2.选出current的汉语意思
A.adj.现在的；当前的 B.adj.流通的
C.n.水流 D.n.潮流
①Fighting against the strong currents and cold wind，she screamed for help at the top of her lungs every three minutes or so.C
②As we all know，the current money in China is Renminbi.B
③We should try our best to go with the current of the times.D
④Go to your doctor’s visits with a good attitude.Bring your medical history，including a list of your current medicines.Think teamwork ! Think positive! (2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)A
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.She managed a smile when I stepped over to her，and my anger，disappointment (disappoint) and heartbreak faded away.
2.We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time，otherwise we would have given (give) you a hand.
3.In addition，take an active part in the voluntary activities launched (launch)by the ocean organizations.(2022·全国甲卷)
4.What counts is that I can’t wait to earn some pocket money to prove my independence (independent).
5.The desire to win (win) glory for their country impels the athletes to train diligently.
6.By taking exercise regularly (regular)，I have grown healthy not only physically，but also mentally (mental) in the past years.
7.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled (recycle).Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution.(2021·全国乙卷)
8.Lacking physical exercise resulted in poor health.However，people are beginning to attach much more importance to their health than ever before.
9.It is universally (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness.
10.Through the activity，what I felt is that we are able to shoulder the responsibility and make us stronger and more determined (determine).
练一 单元话题作文(通知——太空科学讲座)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①随着越来越多的学生强烈渴望学习太空知识，本周五下午2点将在学校礼堂举行一场关于太空科学的讲座。(desire，过去分词短语作定语)
As more and more students have a strong desire to learn space knowledge，a lecture themed on space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o’clock this Friday afternoon.,
②讲座主要由三个部分组成，第一部分将帮助我们弄懂我国太空飞行的历史和近期发射情况。(figure out，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
The lecture mainly consists of three parts，the first part of which will help us figure out the history as well as recent launch of space flights in our country.
③对我们来说，更好地了解我国航天飞行的发展具有至关重要的意义，所以我们应该非常重视。(attach，it作形式主语)
It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of space flights in our country so we should attach great importance to it.
④第二部分将继续向我们展示太空探索的好处，例如为某些疾病的治疗奠定基础。(carry on)
The second part will carry on showing us the benefits of space exploration，such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.
⑤最后但非常重要的部分是参与者可以提问题，以便使我们能够更多地了解太空探索。(so as to，表语从句)
The last but very important part is that participants can ask questions so as to enable us learn more about space exploration.
⑥欢迎任何渴望了解更多太空知识的同学参加本次讲座。(keen；定语从句),
Any student who is keen on learning more about space is welcome to take part in the lecture.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
As more and more students have a strong desire to learn space knowledge，a lecture themed on space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o’clock this Friday afternoon.
The lecture mainly consists of three parts，the first part of which will help us figure out the history as well as recent launch of space flights in our country.It is of vital significance for us to have a better understanding of the development of space flights in our country so we should attach great importance to it.Besides，The second part will carry on showing us the benefits of space exploration，such as laying the foundation for the cure for some illnesses.The last but very important part is that participants can ask questions so as to enable us learn more about space exploration.
Any student who is keen on learning more about space is welcome to take part in the lecture.
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
热考话题六 生活趣事类
生活趣事类话题是高考读后续写的热考话题之一。2021年浙江1月卷的主题为万圣节南瓜卡头；2017年浙江卷的主题为可爱而健忘的妈妈。
生活趣事类可以这样构思情节：
第一步：矛盾塑造(尴尬、紧张等)
第二步：快乐结局塑造(感激、开心、升华等)
构思情节第一步：矛盾塑造
1.So nervous was he that he dropped the electric carving knife.
他太紧张了，以至于把电动雕刻刀掉在了地上。
2.I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use.(2021·浙江1月卷)
当我紧紧地贴在桌子上，转动我的头试图找到合适的角度，却无济于事时，我陷入惊慌之中。
3.Sweating and nearly tearing，I could imagine how silly and strange I was at that moment based on the continuing laughter from my parents and Jason.(2021·浙江1月卷)
我汗流浃背，眼泪差点流下来。从我父母和杰森不断的笑声中，我可以想象出那一刻我是多么愚蠢和奇怪。
4.Blushing scarlet instantly，she felt embarrassment almost wreathed her entirely.
她立刻涨红了脸，感到尴尬几乎把她整个包围起来。
5.I knew how it felt to be teased；it wasn’t fun.I could see Stan’s worry which then turned into surprise.
我知道被取笑是什么感觉；这一点也不好玩。我能看出斯坦的担心变成了惊讶。
[小试身手]
It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer.①The air inside the hollow vegetable was full of my anxious breath.②I could hear my sister’s laughter and Jason’s muffled voice talking about cutting the giant thing open.“No！Not my precious pumpkin！” I protested.Eventually，Dad helped me adjust my body to a more relaxed position，and pulled the pumpkin gently off my head.③Hair in knots，nose and chin covered in pumpkin flesh，I let out a sigh of relief.That’s when I realized the camera had been rolling the whole time！(2021·浙江1月卷)
只有五六分钟，虽然感觉时间要长得多。空心蔬菜里的空气充满了我焦虑的气息。我能听到姐姐的笑声和杰森低沉的声音，说着要把那庞然大物切开。“不！不要切我的宝贝南瓜！”我抗议道。最后，爸爸帮我把身体调整到一个更放松的姿势，轻轻地把南瓜从我头上扯下来。头发打结，鼻子和下巴都被南瓜肉覆盖，我松了一口气。这时我才意识到摄像机一直在转动！UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(求助信——指导改编短剧)
(全国Ⅲ卷)假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：1.剧情简介；2.指导内容；3.商定时间地点。
精彩范文
Dear Miss Evans，
I’m writing to ask for your help with our English short play adapted from our English textbook.
The story starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn，who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim，a former slave，on a raft on the Mississippi River.Then Finn was cheated by two men，with his raft stolen and Jim sold to a farm. Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer made a plan to save Jim from the farm.At last they managed to free Jim.
I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted，and we also need your guidance on our performance.If possible，shall we meet you in your office at 10 am tomorrow
Looking forward to your early reply.Best regards!
Yours truly，
Li Hua
迁移运用
每日句型练透：with复合结构
1.He stood before his teacher with his head down.
他低着头站在老师面前。
2.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。
3.With exams approaching，it’s a good idea to review your class notes.
随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。
4.With all the things bought，she headed for home joyfully.
东西买齐，她高兴地回家了。
1.apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉；谢罪→apology n.道歉
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①To be frank，you owe your father an apology(apologise)，for you shouldn’t have spoken to your father in a rude manner.
②我没能按计划与你共度本周末，我写信向你致以诚挚的歉意。(道歉信，2021·北京卷)
→I’m writing to make/offer my heartfelt apology to you for my failing to hang out with you this weekend as scheduled.(apology)
→I’m writing to sincerely apologize/apologise to you for my failing to hang out with you this weekend as scheduled.(apologise),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologise to sb that... 向某人道歉……
·make/offer an apology to sb (for sth) (因某事)向某人道歉
owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I gathered my courage，and sincerely apologised to him for my bad manners.
我鼓起勇气，真诚地为我的无礼向他道歉。
2.judge vt.&vi.评价；评判；判断 n.法官；审判员；裁判员→judg(e)ment n.判断；辨别力
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Apparently，blindly following others’ advice will affect our own judg(e)ment (judge).
②Having a lump in my throat，I clapped my hands even more loudly，determined never to judge a man/book by/from his appearance /its cover.(主旨升华)
如鲠在喉，我更大声地拍手，决心再也不以貌取人了。
③Judging by/from your last letter，you are about to take part in the Chinese Bridge Competition and I am writing with the intention of informing you of some dos and don’ts.(告知信)
从你上封信来看，你即将参加汉语桥比赛，我写信的目的是告诉你一些注意事项。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·judge...from/by... 从……判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
·judging by/from... 从……判断(作状语)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 As far as I can judge, only if we make joint efforts to protect the earth can we make our world a better place.(演讲稿)
我认为，只有我们共同努力保护地球，我们才能使我们的世界变得更美好。
[点拨] judging by/from用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响；与其用法相同的现在分词短语还有：generally speaking(一般来说)；frankly speaking(坦率地说)；talking of(谈到)；considering(考虑到，鉴于)等。
3.spot vt.(spotted，spotted，spotting)看见；注意到；发现 n.地点；处所；斑点；污迹
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Unknowingly，the milking house appeared in my vision，in which I spotted (spot)that the broken window had been repaired.(2023·浙江1月卷)
②Feeling dizzy on the spot，I grabbed my bag，dashed out of the classroom and headed home with tears in my eyes.(动作描写)
③Spotting the polar bear approaching us，we stood rooted to the spot with fear.(心理描写，2020·浙江7月卷)
看到北极熊向我们靠近，我们吓得呆若木鸡。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with... 满是……的斑点
·on the spot 当场；立即；在现场
sightseeing spots 观光景点
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 We lay on the grass，staring at the night sky which was spotted with twinkling stars.(动作描写)
我们躺在草地上，凝视着繁星点点的夜空。
[点拨] spot在定语从句中作先行词时，从句如缺状语则用where引导，如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导。
4.patience n.耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj.耐心的 n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地→impatiently adv.不耐烦地
以练促学 补全句子
①I put my palm on his back，patted him with patience/patiently and persuaded him to take part in the competition.(动作描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我把手放在他的背上，耐心地拍了拍他，说服他参加比赛。
②She was usually patient with her students for which they showed great respect for her.(人物介绍，2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
她对学生通常很有耐心，因此他们十分尊重她。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·have the patience to do sth 有耐心做某事
with patience＝patiently 耐心地
out of patience 失去耐心；不耐烦
run out of/lose patience 失去耐心
·be patient with sb 对某人有耐心
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seeing the room in a mess，my mother eventually ran out of her patience.(场景描写)
看到房间乱糟糟的，我妈妈最终没了耐心。
5.hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→hesitation n.犹豫；迟疑
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Hearing the screams，Henry dashed to the riverside，threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation (hesitate).(动作链)
②I hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide my inner embarrassment that day.(心理描写)
那天我犹豫了一会儿，揣摩如何掩饰我内心的尴尬。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·hesitate about/over (doing)... 对(做)……犹豫
hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事，不愿做某事
·without hesitation 毫不犹豫
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind，don’t hesitate to join the debate team.(通知)
如果你对英语有热情，有一个敏锐的头脑，别犹豫来加入辩论队。
6.manner n.举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪；规矩；习俗
以练促学 补全句子
①She treated her friends in a rude manner，making her mother disappointed and annoyed.(情绪描写)
她以一种粗鲁的方式对待她的朋友们，这使她妈妈既失望又生气。
②It’s good manners to bring a gift，such as a bunch of flowers，when you visit a Chinese friend.
当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候，带个礼物是有礼貌的，比如一束花。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·in a...manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
·It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I’d like to share with you some suggestions on how to mind your table manners in China.(建议信)
我想跟你分享一些你在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的建议。
7.permit vt.& vi.(permitted，permitted，permitting)允许(allow)；准许；使有可能→permission n.准许；许可；批准；许可证；通行证
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Much to my disappointment，the door guards didn’t permit bringing (bring) my camera.
②I was very happy and very excited to go there but I needed to ask permission (permit) from my parents.
③Weather permitting，a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature and raise us students’ health awareness.(通知)
天气允许的话，将举办冬日远足活动，让我们接近大自然并提高我们学生的健康意识。
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit (doing) sth 允许(做)某事
·ask sb for permission＝ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
with/without (one’s) permission 得到/未经(某人的)允许
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits in the museum without permission.(通知)
任何人未经允许禁止对博物馆里的展品拍照。
8.in return作为回报；作为回应
以练促学 对比填空/补全句子
①I deeply appreciate your help and I hope to have the opportunity to show you around Beijing in return for your kindness.(in return for/in return)
②As we all know，all theories come from practice and in turn serve practice.(in turn/in return)
③On/Upon her return，their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow to them both.(情绪描写)
她一回来，他们两人久别重逢，悲喜交加。
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·in return for... 作为……的交换；作为……的报答
on/upon one’s return 某人一回来
·in turn 轮流，依次；反过来
by turns 轮流；时而……时而……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Apart from this，I wouldn’t hesitate to help those in trouble and in return，we expect them to work hard.
除此之外，我会毫不犹豫地帮助那些有困难的人，作为回报，我们希望他们努力工作。
1.句型公式：would rather not do sth
【教材原句】 Oh，I ’d rather not pay you now.
哦，我宁愿现在不付钱给你。
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us，but it is her choice.
②I would rather I had followed(follow) your advice yesterday.
③为了过低碳生活，我宁愿骑车而不愿开车上班。(环境保护)
→To live a low-carbon life，I would rather ride a bike than drive a car to work.
→To live a low-carbon life，I would ride a bike rather than drive a car to work.
→To live a low-carbon life，I prefer to ride a bike rather than drive a car to work.
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·would rather (not) do sth 宁愿(不)做某事
would rather (not) have done sth 宁愿(没)做过某事(对过去的虚拟)
· 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
·would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人做某事(对现在或将来的虚拟)
would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人做过某事(对过去的虚拟)
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佳句背诵 The little girl held her grandmother’s hands whimpering，“I would rather not have lied to you/(that) I hadn’t lied to you.”(情绪描写)
小女孩握着奶奶的手，呜咽着说：“我宁愿没向您撒谎。”
2.句型公式：否定副词位于句首的倒装
【教材原句】 I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我认为我手里永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
以练促学 补全句子
①Rarely have I found him impatient with his children who run around the yard playing happily.
我很少发现他对在院子里跑来跑去快乐玩耍的孩子们不耐烦。
②No sooner/Hardly had the writer stepped on the stage than/when the audience broke into thunderous applause，showing their sincere admiration for him.(场景描写)
这位作家一走上舞台，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声，表达了对他真诚的钦佩。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·否定副词如never等置于句首，句子用部分倒装，将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前。
·常用的表示否定意义的副词或词组：little，rarely，seldom，hardly，scarcely，neither，nor，no sooner...than，hardly...when等。
·表“绝不”的介词短语：at no time，by no means，in no case，in no way，on no condition等。
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佳句背诵 Never before in my life had I been so overwhelmed with such helplessness that I stood there motionless，my mind going blank.(心理描写)
我这辈子从来没有经历过这样的无助，以至于我一动不动地站在那里，大脑一片空白。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.(2023·全国乙卷) n.地点，位置
②After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks，we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.(2023·全国乙卷) n.场景
③The police uncovered his plot to trick the old man out of his life savings.n.阴谋
2.选出manner的汉语意思
A.n.方式；方法 B.n.举止；态度 C.n.礼貌；礼仪 D.n.规矩；习俗
①As far as I’m concerned，it is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.C
②Stop trying to balance time between them all.Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.(2022·浙江1月卷)A
③Normally people in the upper class have a polite and cool manner.B
④He bought a book about the social morals and manners of the seventeenth century.D
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Judging (judge) by what he has done，he is determined to take part in the campaign，totally ignoring (ignore) our advice.
2.The original intention (intend) of the project is to involve more people in our voluntary activities and spread warm love like sunshine.
3.Eventually (eventual)，the intelligent man took exercise on a regular basis (base) with the intention of staying healthy.
4.So moved was Mother that she hugged (hug) them tightly and kissed them again and again.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
5.After arguing with her friend Tom，she is unwilling (willing) to carry on talking with him.
6.The diagram indicates (indicate) that people spend more time exercising with the aim of pursuing (pursue) physical fitness.
7.We were dancing happily when smoke was spotted rising (rise) from the kitchen，which panicked us.
8.Bicycle riding is a fun and healthy outdoor activity that/which can be enjoyed within the whole family.
9.My money is running out，so I have no choice but to postpone buying(buy) the advanced facilities.
10.I was about to go back to classroom when I felt my jeans split down in the middle of my backside.
练一 单元话题作文(书评——评论《百万英镑》)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①说到我最喜欢的英语戏剧，我脑海里首先闪现的是《百万英镑》。(强调句型)
When it comes to my favorite English drama，it is The Million Pound Bank Note that flashes through my mind first.
②马克·吐温写的这部戏剧讲述了两个百万富翁兄弟打赌一个身无分文的人能否用一百万英镑的钞票活一个月的故事。(make a bet，过去分词短语作定语，whether引导宾语从句)
The drama written by Mark Twain tells us a story that two millionaire brothers made a bet on whether a penniless person could survive for a month with a million pound bank note.
③结果，亨利，这个贫穷而诚实的人，被偶然选中，然后经历了一系列有趣的事情。(by accident)
As a result，Henry，the poor and honest man，was chosen by accident and then experienced a series of funny things.
④这部剧给我印象最深的是对不同人在一百万英镑钞票前荒唐举止的详细描写。(manner，what引导主语从句)
What impressed me most in this drama are the detailed descriptions of different people’s ridiculous manner before one million pound bank note.
⑤从这个故事中，我意识到我们不应该以貌取人以及正确对待金钱的态度的重要性。(judge，部分倒装),
From this story，I realize that never should we judge a person from his appearance and the importance of correct attitude towards money.
⑥如果时间允许，我宁愿你们所有人都读一读，欣赏这部作品的魅力。(permit，独立主格，would rather引导虚拟语气)
Time permitting，I would rather all of you read it and enjoyed its beauty.
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
When it comes to my favorite English drama，it is The Million Pound Bank Note that flashes through my mind first.
The drama written by Mark Twain tells us a story that two millionaire brothers made a bet on whether a penniless person could survive for a month with a million pound bank note.As a result，Henry，the poor and honest man，was chosen by accident and then experienced a series of funny things.In fact，what impressed me most in this drama are the detailed descriptions of different people’s ridiculous manner before one million pound bank note.
From this story，I realize that never should we judge a person from his appearance and the importance of correct attitude towards money.Time permitting，I would rather all of you read it and enjoyed its beauty.
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第二步：快乐结局塑造
1.“Thanks.” Clinging her hands to the bag opening，she was overwhelmed by a surge of gratitude and warmth. “谢谢。”双手紧紧抓住包口，一股感激和温暖涌上心头。
2.The two strong strangers undoubtedly lit her day up.
这两个强壮的陌生人无疑点亮了她的一天。
3.Though I was dissatisfied with my ugly gesture and stupid image，I was satisfied with the happiness and fun that I brought to others.(2021·浙江1月卷)
虽然我不满意我丑陋的姿势和愚蠢的形象，但对我带给别人的快乐和乐趣感到满意。
4.I felt that I could ride independently slowly，while my father was cheering for me.Finally I could ride a bike just like a free bird flying happily in the air. 我觉得我可以独立地慢慢地骑，而我的父亲在为我欢呼。最后，我会骑自行车了，就像一只自由的小鸟在空中快乐地飞翔。
5.Everyone was surprised and excited to see grandpa stand up.At that moment，Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandfather’s eye.
看到爷爷站起来，每个人都感到惊讶和兴奋。就在那一刻，杰克注意到爷爷的眼角涌出了一滴泪水。
[小试身手]
We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way.One day，towards evening，①we found a great camping site at the foot of a high mountain.David and I helped Dad put up the tent，and Mom was busy preparing supper.When the setting sun cast an orange light over the mountains，the tent was set up and the meal was ready.Sitting around the camp fire，②we talked and laughed.Every time we mentioned the funny incidents of the journey ③a pleasant smile would spread over Mom’s face.
我们开车经过好几个州，沿途看到了许多美丽的景色。一天，快到傍晚的时候，我们在一座高山脚下发现了一个很棒的露营地。大卫和我帮爸爸搭帐篷，妈妈忙着准备晚饭。当夕阳在山上投下橘黄色的光芒时，帐篷已经支好了，饭菜也准备好了。围坐在营火旁，我们有说有笑。每次我们提到旅途中的趣事时，妈妈的脸上都会露出愉快的笑容。
