2026年高考英语一轮复习 语法填空（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语一轮复习 语法填空
一．语法填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 庐阳区校级三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gu Yanwu（1613﹣1682），a native of Kunshan in Jiangsu，was originally named Jiang and styled Zhongqing.He passed the county﹣level imperial（皇家的） exam and chose （1）　 　 （become） a scholar during the Ming Dynasty.After the fall of the Ming Dynasty，Gu changed his given name to Yanwu due to his （2）　 　 （admire） for the conduct and character of Wang Yanwu，one of Wen Tianxiang's students.
During his lifetime，Gu followed the principle："For the rise and fall of the country，every common man is responsible."He stressed that one's academic work should be based （3）　 　 a sound character.According to Gu Yanwu，the sense of propriety（礼节），righteousness，integrity （4）　 　 awareness of shame are the four （5）　 　 （virtue） one should acquire.When （6）　 　 （do） academic work，he believed in learning widely and deeply and avoiding actions （7）　 　 could bring shame.When studying classic works，Gu valued textual criticism and argued that Pu Xue（meaning "practical，down﹣to﹣earth studies and teachings"） should take （8）　 　 place of Li Xue（meaning "studies and teachings of the universal principles"） which was （9）　 　 （influence） during the Song and Ming Dynasties.Therefore，he （10）　 　 （view） as the founding father of the philology（文献学） of the Qing Dynasty.
2．（2025 沙河口区校级二模）
Penguins have an undeserved reputation as funny and somewhat ridiculous animals and （1）　 　 is easy to see why：They're cute，flightless birds that waddle about like fluffy （毛茸茸的） toddlers.
However，underestimating them might be a mistake，as one petrel （海燕） discovered when it attacked a group of emperor penguin chicks （2）　 　 （hope） for an easy meal.
As these chicks made their way to the sea without their （3）　 　 （parent） supervision for the first time，a giant petrel descended rapidly for （4）　 　 it thought would prove a quick kill.The chicks initially tried to flee，but （5）　 　 （struggle） with running on land.One of them slipped and fell，becoming （6）　 　 easy target for the predatory bird.
When the petrel grabbed the chick （7）　 　 the neck with its strong beak，it looked like there was no hope （8）　 　 （leave） for the clumsy chick，but a tactical fall allowed it to escape and slide away back to its group.
Rejoined by their fallen companion，the chicks assembled into a （9）　 　 （defend） circle that allowed them to protect each other from all sides.After a tense standoff，the （10）　 　 （arrive） of an adult penguin finally set the petrel on the run.
3．（2025 湖北模拟） The concept of yin and yang is a Chinese philosophy that suggests there are opposing but interconnected forces that work together （1）　 　 （affect） people's lives and health.It is an important component in many aspects of Chinese philosophy，medicine，and culture in general.
The yin﹣yang symbol （2）　 　 （refer） to as the Taiji symbol.In its simplest form，it's shown as a circle （3）　 　 （divide） into two tear﹣drop shaped elements —one of （4）　 　 is black and the other white.Each side has a smaller circle inside it made of （5）　 　 opposite color.Generally speaking，yin stands for an inward （内在的） energy that is female，dark，and negative.Yang，however，is more associated with outward energy，male，bright，and positive.
There are many written records about yin and yang，some （6）　 　 （date） back to thousands of years.The earliest known instance is in the Book of Songs： "Viewing the scenery at a hill，looking for yin yang." While this verse may seem filled with philosophical meaning，it was （7）　 　 （probable） just a poetic turn of phrase at the time.
The earliest evidence of the yin﹣yang symbol appears （8）　 　 various animal remains used for divination （占卜），serving as simple indications of natural （9）　 　 （phenomenon）.
Essentially，yin﹣yang conveys our inner need for balance and harmony.With more meanings and understandings created over time，the yin﹣yang symbol remains （10）　 　 （influence） at home and abroad.
4．（2025 广州模拟） Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation（灌溉） and flood control system，Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient （1）　 　 （engineer） skill and is still in use today.
During the Warring States period，people living along the banks of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding.Irrigation engineer Li Bing （2）　 　 （lead） a team to construct an embankment（堤坝）to redirect part of the river's flow upon thorough investigation.Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to let out the extra water.During the construction，cutting the channel proved to be a much more challenging task than （3）　 　 （anticipate），as the tools available could not break through the hard rock of the mountain.Therefore，they used a（4）　 　 （combine） of fire and water to heat and cool the rocks until they broke （5）　 　 could be removed，Once completed，the system prevented floods and made Sichuan one of China's most productive （6）　 　 （agriculture） regions by using the redirected water （7）　 　 irrigation.
Now if you visit Dujiangyan，you will see an unusual construction （8）　 　 looks like a fish's mouth.This famous attraction，Yuzui，together with two other important parts，namely，Feishayan and Baopingkou， （9）　 　 （design） scientifically to control the water flow throughout the year.Recognized as （10）　 　 UNESCO heritage site，Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2，000 years.
5．（2025 北碚区校级模拟）
The Timeless Whisper of Chinese Silk
In a quiet workshop outside Hangzhou，the rhythmic sound of wooden weaving machines echoes a 5.000﹣year﹣old legacy.Here，（1）　 　 （experience） craftsmen still practice the delicate art of Chinese silk production，just as their ancestors did along the ancient Silk Road.The process remains（2）　 　 same from tending mulberry﹣fed silkworms to separating golden cocoons（茧） in warm water，each step（3）　 　 （perform） with care.
In ancient China，this luxurious fabric（布料） served as currency（4）　 　 the Warring States Period，when metal coins became more popular and gradually replaced silk as the primary form of currency.Today，Chinese silk continues to capture the world，though its role（5）　 　 （change）.Milanese fashion houses pay high prices for Zhejiang's finest fabrics，while scientists are amazed by silk's potential in medical technology for its（6）　 　 （strong） and biocompatibility（生物相容性）.
In Suzhou，young designer Zhang Wei redefines tradition by weaving smartphone﹣thin silk with conductive threads，creating "smart"（7）　 　 （dress） that change color with body temperature."Our grandmothers' fabric is becoming future technology，"he remarks，holding up a sample.Meanwhile，rural cooperatives employ traditional methods（8）　 　 （meet） growing global demand for sustainable textiles.
As fast fashion sweeps across the globe，China's silk culture persists as a symbol of patience and craftsmanship.The fabric（9）　 　 once clothed emperors now bridges past and future—its smooth surface still telling stories as（10）　 　 （vivid） as when it first carried China's civilization to distant lands.
6．（2025 朝阳区校级四模）
Symbols of Animals in Chinese and Western Cultures
In Chinese and Western cultures，animals （1）　 　 （acquire） different meanings over time.There are some elements （2）　 　 represent one thing to one culture，and something else entirely to another.
The word "bat" in Chinese（"fu"） has the same （3）　 　 （pronounce） as the Chinese character meaning"luck，happiness and fortune".Therefore，images of bats are often symbols of good luck in China.They are also appreciated （4）　 　 their ability to catch insects. （5）　 　 ，in Western cultures，bats are often associated with darkness.
Due to their unpleasant appearance and call，owls（猫头鹰） were for long considered symbols of bad luck in China.In consequence，owls were used in poetry （6）　 　 （represent） evil.A poem in the Classic of Poetry，for example，was written in the tone of a （7）　 　 （frighten） bird being bullied by an owl.
Owl.owl，as you have already taken my child.
Don't destroy my nest.
Yet in Western cultures，the owl is often regarded as （8）　 　 symbol of wisdom.In the popular，Harry Petter senies，the owl is an （9）　 　 （extreme） wise and helpful bird.
These differences mirrer each culture's distinct background.By exploring these，a deeper understanding of the rich cultures around the world can （10）　 　 （unlock）
7．（2025 贵州模拟） DeepSeek has recently made significant progress in AI reasoning through enhanced learning， （1）　 　 （pioneer）a new direction for AI.By using an open﹣source approach，Chinese （2）　 　 （innovate） have broken the technological barriers of global leaders like OpenAI.This breakthrough is not only a technological leap for Chinese AI companies （3）　 　 narrows the gap in AI capabilities，removing concerns over chip limitations.
The global competition for large models has entered a critical stage.Thanks to its diverse industries and development environments，China has （4）　 　 unique advantage in using large models （5）　 　 （power） a new industrial revolution.The year 2025 will be the year of AI applications，with the key to success lying in seizing the opportunities （6）　 　 （create） by DeepSeek.
Based on DeepSeek's capabilities，breakthroughs can be achieved in many fields.Large models will lead，without doubt， （7）　 　 "universal intelligence"for all.Given DeepSeek's open﹣source and low﹣cost features，individuals can now own large models and become"super individuals".As AI transforms smart hardware，and large models shrink in size，AI devices from smart﹣connected cars to （8）　 　 （person） computers and mobile phones—will become the standard.DeepSeek's strong inference model can help users take advantage of professional knowledge in scientific fields for enhanced learning， （9）　 　 develops specialized scientific models.Large models，like DeepSeek，are changing how fundamental scientific problems （10）　 　 （study） and addressing issues such as energy development.
8．（2025 临沂模拟） Pipa is a traditional Chinese （1）　 　 （music） instrument with a history of over 2000 years.Originating from ancient China，it has evolved through various dynasties，becoming an integral part of Chinese music culture.
It has a unique pear﹣shaped body （2）　 　 （make） of wood and four strings.The sound of Pipa is bright and melodious，capable of （3）　 　 （express） a wide range of emotions.Pipa （4）　 　 （play） in both solo and ensemble performances.It is known （5）　 　 its diverse playing techniques，including plucking，strumming，and sliding.
Mastering Pipa requires years of practice and （6）　 　 good understanding of Chinese music.In ancient times，Pipa was a popular instrument among scholars and artists，many of （7）　 　 wrote poems and music inspired by Pipa.
Today，Pipa is still an important part of Chinese culture and has gained （8）　 　 （popular）worldwide.Learning to play Pipa not only develops musical skills but also provides a （9）　 　 （deep） appreciation of Chinese history and tradition.It serves as a bridge to the past and a way （10）　 　 （preserve） the beauty of ancient Chinese music for future generations.Pipa is more than just an instrument；it is a symbol of Chinese musical achievement and a treasure of world music culture.
9．（2025 浙江模拟） "X Virtual Gathering：Honey"，a new project of X Museum's digital art platform X Virtual，（1）　 　 （launch） on Thursday in Beijing with an exhibition and a video game designed by multiple creatives from home and abroad.
Upon entering the exhibition，visitors are grabbed by the electronic music （2）　 　 （mix） with a buzzing noise playing in the game，the interface （界面） of which is projected on the wall.They are invited to pick up the controller to start the game，becoming a bee busy gathering honey.
Depicted in a （3）　 　 （future），robotic and metallic style，the worker bee （4）　 　 （fly） through various landscapes，including a mysterious jungle and an erupting volcano.Eight music pieces，each of which represents a specific event，are triggered as it moves through different levels within the game，immersing the player in （5）　 　 adventure with a bee's perspective.As an abstract medium，music alters and challenges the participants' senses，urging us （6）　 　 （rethink） ecological justice and species justice.
According to the curators（策展人），this project explores the vast，interconnected world of bees （7）　 　 how it influences ideas around ecology，human civilization，and capitalism.It is an urgent response （8）　 　 crises such as resource exhaustion and a net loss of biodiversity （9）　 　 we humans are faced with，as well as the slowly widening （10）　 　 （divide） between civilization and nature through technological revolutions.
10．（2025 西宁二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tong sui，which means "sugar water"in Cantonese，refers to Chinese sweet soups or desserts enjoyed in southern China.Overly（1）　 　 （sugar） as it may sound，tong sui is no syrup bog（沼泽） but a lightly sweetened soup celebrated（2）　 　 its nutrition﹣an extension of the traditional Chinese medicine belief that all food is medicinal and can help bring your body into better balance and health.
Tong sui is commonly a variety of complicated dishes（3）　 　 feature multiple ingredients as varied as papaya（木瓜） and bird's nest（燕窝），but it is the sea coconut，in particular，that requires a mother's love to make it to the table.First，few market stalls sell fresh fruit，as it（4）　 　 （sour） quickly in the tropical heat，so keeping the fruit fresh has already been energy﹣consuming.Then，the fruit's brown shell has to be painstakingly peeled off to reveal its glistening，milky white flesh.
（5）　 　 （interesting），the sea coconut I've been talking about so far is not true sea coconut，and （6）　 　 every Asian restaurant menu and every canned fruit label claims is not true，either.It is actually the fruit of the toddy palm（糖棕树）.The true sea coconut is（7）　 　 protected species，and its export is strictly controlled，with each fruit（8）　 　 （bear） a government﹣issued serial tag（序列标签）.Once（9）　 　 （believe） to grow from a mythical（神话的） tree on the bottom of the sea，sea coconut shells were decorated with priceless gems（宝石） by European（10）　 　 （noble） in the 16th century.
11．（2025 广州模拟） Lu Qi，noted as chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and director of the Institute of Great Green Wall， （1）　 　 （announce） to be entitled the Champions of the Earth last month.
Highly praised （2）　 　 his contributions to global desertification control，Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title， （3）　 　 achievements have shown through practice that by combining science and policy，humanity can address land degradation issues.
Almost 40 percent of the world's land is already degraded，desertification is on the rise and destructive （4）　 　 （drought） are becoming more regular.The good news is that solutions already exist today，and across （5）　 　 globe，extraordinary individuals and organizations are showing that it is （6）　 　 （whole） possible to defend and heal the planet.
Lu has led over 50 desertification control﹣related research projects， （7）　 　 （assist） China in carrying out the relevant policies and providing expert technology to international organizations at the forefront of global desertification action.
Lu's receiving the honor can remind the younger generation as long as they remember their mission and keep to innovating，they will definitely gain （8）　 　 （recognize） from society and that the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased，and the duty has grown （9）　 　 （heavy）.
Lu's team is devoted to sharing the successful experiences and models of the ecological projects.There already are cooperation centers and research centers，as well as forums for cooperation，all （10）　 　 （design）to spread China's wisdom and experiences worldwide.
12．（2025 沙坪坝区校级模拟） A cultural relic at Nanchong Museum in Sichuan province has recently become a hot topic.A video posted on the Internet shows a small man﹣like pottery figure，（1）　 　 （refer） to as "Mini Ultraman （奥特曼） "due to its exterior.
The figure has a pointed head，big eyes，and its arms（2）　 　 （raise） slightly.Strangely enough，it is quite a rare occurrence for the pottery figure to bear such a remarkable（3）　 　 （similar） to the animated character Ultraman.Since the video（4）　 　 （go） viral，many visitors have rushed to the museum just to have a look at this special figure.A staff member of the museum told reporters that they frequently receive inquiries（5）　 　 visitors about the figure.Another member noted， "Actually，we find its head particularly similar to（6）　 　 of Ultraman."
This unexpected popularity of it has created an atmosphere（7）　 　 the integration of traditional culture and modern popular culture becomes a talking point，（8）　 　 （breathe） new life into the museum and fostering a more imaginative mindset among people.This happening，（9）　 　 （public） counted as a bridge between heritage and contemporary society，has drawn widespread interest.As for the museum，they hope that this can be an opportunity（10）　 　 （let） more people know about the profound history behind cultural relics.
13．（2025 温州三模） Blind boxes have taken the world by storm，catching the imaginations of collectors and new buyers alike.These mystery boxes，containing（1）　 　 （hide） items revealed only after purchase，offer a mix of surprise and exclusivity（独家性）.From toys to high﹣end collectibles，（2）　 　 blind box trend attracts anyone seeking excitement or wanting to add something unique to their collection.
The appeal lies in the excitement of not knowing （3）　 　 is inside，combined with the desire to complete a set or find rare items.This concept of discovery keeps collectors （4）　 　 （come） back for more and has helped transform the blind box industry into a multibillion﹣dollar market.
For those new （5）　 　 the blind box world，starting a collection can be a rewarding experience.Begin by selecting a brand or theme that matches your interests.Many collectors recommend focusing on a specific series，which makes the collection more personal （6）　 　 helps prevent unnecessary purchases.Engaging with the community can also enhance your collecting journey.There are countless social media groups where collectors share tips and discuss new （7）　 　 （release）.Connecting with other collectors （8）　 　 （allow） you to trade the same items，find rare pieces，and share in the excitement of each new （9）　 　 （add） to your collection.
Whether you're an experienced collector or a newcomer，the world of blind boxes offers（10）　 　 （end） possibilities，turning every unboxing into an adventure.
14．（2025 昌平区二模）
A
Olivia Vibbert，14﹣year﹣old，tried to establish her own nonprofit.In 2016，（1）　 　 （help） the homeless in winter，she requested sock donations when knowing socks are among the most needed items.The campaign started out with the big goal of 1，000 sock donations﹣a milestone that （2）　 　 （achieve） in mere days.Then she went on to collect more socks.So far，Olivia （3）　 　 （receive） over 8，000 pairs of donated socks.
B
Research shows that people are more likely to maintain an exercise routine if they enjoy the activities they choose.If the exercise you are doing is not enjoyable，your motivation will gradually decrease.So you need to find （4）　 　 interests you.Some gyms offer a taster session before you sign up， （5）　 　 can help you get a feel for what a new place might be like.Once you find a style you enjoy，you will be （6）　 　 （cheerful） than ever.
C
While social media has connected people globally，its overuse may harm mental health.Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely， （7）　 　 （lack） real communication.Studies （8）　 　 （conduct） in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others' posts，leading to anxiety.However，used （9）　 　 （wise），these platforms can promote cultural exchange.Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging （10）　 　 offline some activities.After all，technology is meant to serve humans，not control them.
15．（2025 大通县三模） The list of happiest cities in China in 2024 was released at the Happy Cities of China Forum 2024 held in Shanghai and Changsha， （1）　 　 provincial city of Hunan Province，was rated as one of the happiest cities in China for 2024， （2）　 　 （hold） the title for 17 years in a row.And it's easy （3）　 　 （understand） why﹣it has one of the most exciting nightlife and street food scenes in China.After sampling some black stinky tofu and fish head （4）　 　 （top） with duo jiao on Pozijie，travelers can head to Huangxing Road Walking street， （5）　 　 integrates shopping，entertainment，cultural tourism and other functions.
Changsha is a city of boundless passion.Wuyi Square in downtown Changsha is （6）　 　 （frequent） crowded with tourists.With booming entertainment and cultural industries，Changsha has become a （7）　 　 （sleep） city known for its wonderful nightlife.
From bronze instruments of the Shang Dynasty to fascinating archaeological findings from the Mawangdui tombs of the Han Dynasty，Changsha （8）　 　 （develop） brilliant culture passed on from generation to generation for some 3，000 years.Building on Hunan culture，which stresses practicality，Changsha has done a fantastic job of bringing a millennia﹣old local culture （9）　 　 life，inspiring cultural innovation.Changsha people have maintained their culture with efforts and（10）　 　 （persevere），and today they are characterizing modern Changsha with ambition and bravery.
16．（2025 天心区校级一模） Thangka painting，（1）　 　 unique form of religious art crafted on woven fabric，is often referred to as a visual encyclopedia（百科全书） of .Tibetan culture.Celebrated for its（2）　 　 （art） and cultural significance，Thangka was officially designated as part of China's intangible cultural heritage in 2006.
One of the leading institutions（3）　 　 （commit） to the preservation and development of this ancient art is the Tibetan Academy of Thangka（TAT），which（4）　 　 （locate） in Lhasa.The academy specializes in the Mansar School of Thangka painting，renowned for its intricate designs and vibrant color schemes.
Visitors（5）　 　 the TAT can witness the entire creative journey of a Mansar SchoolThangka，from the initial sketch to the final brushstroke.Creating a Thangka is a lengthy process that usually takes six to seven years to master.Sketching is a fundamental skill in Thangka painting. "The key to success lies in maintaining a steady hand.Simple（6）　 　 it may sound，it requires a substantial amount of practice.Actually，I spent four years（7）　 　 （perfect） that skill，" explained Goinqogyai，Vice President of the TAT.
In the past，Thangka art was traditionally passed down from father to son or from master to apprentice，but exclusive to men only.However，this changed after the democratic reform in Xizang in the 1950s.Today，there are many schools in the region（8）　 　 courses are offered to teach Thangka art，and the proportion of female students is on the rise. "Among the（9）　 　 （graduate） last year，girls accounted for more than half，" said the authority.
In recent years，numerous Thangka schools，studios，and university programs（10）　 　 （establish） to attract young people to this profession，ensuring that the rich tradition of Thangka painting continues to flourish.
17．（2025 海陵区校级模拟） The Mount Changbaishan Geopark，along with five other Chinese geoparks， （1）　 　 （recognize） as a Global Geopark by UNESCO on March 27.The number of Global Geoparks in China has increased to 47，making （2）　 　 the country with the most such geoparks in the world.
"China is rich in geological heritage，with a broad distribution and a complete range of geological types，" Ren Fang， （3）　 　 expert with the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences，told People's Daily. "It is one of the first countries worldwide to propose and establish national geoparks."
China set up national﹣level geoparks and began applying for Global Geopark status in 2003 in response to UNESCO's initiative （4）　 　 （establish） the Global Geoparks Network （GGN） .In 2004，Beijing witnessed the First International Conference on Geoparks， （5）　 　 17 European geoparks and eight Chinese geoparks joined the GGN.The network aims to promote best （6）　 　 （practice） and high standards for the conservation of geological heritage and the promotion of （7）　 　 （sustain） regional economic development.
The Mount Changbaishan Geopark，newly （8）　 　 （add） to the GGN network，is situated in Jilin Province and is home （9）　 　 the "millennium eruption，" a massive volcanic event that occurred roughly1，000 years ago.Renowned for its Quaternary volcanic landforms，the park，spanning 2，723 square km， （10）　 　 （feature） giant compound volcanic cones，ancient eruptions and their deposits，and the splendid Tianchi lake.With over 380 craters，it boasts the highest number，greatest density，and widest distribution of volcanic rock types in East Asia.
18．（2025 金坛区校级二模） Chinese artificial intelligence start﹣up DeepSeek has introduced a novel approach to improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models （LLMs）， （1）　 　 the public awaiting the release of the company's next﹣generation model.
In collaboration with researchers from Tsinghua University，DeepSeek developed a technique that combines methods （2）　 　 （refer） to as generative reward modelling（GRM） and self﹣principled critique tuning，according to a paper published on Friday.The dual approach aims to enable LLMs （3）　 　 （deliver） better and faster results to general issues.
（4）　 　 （result） DeepSeek﹣GRM models outperformed existing methods，having "achieved （5）　 　 （compete） performance" with strong public reward models，the researchers wrote.Reward modelling is a process that guides an LLM towards human（6）　 　 （prefer）.
DeepSeek said the company （7）　 　 （intend） to make the GRM models open source，according to the researchers，but they did not give a timeline.The academic paper，published on the online scientific paper repository arXiv，comes amid speculation（推测） about the start﹣up's next move （8）　 　 （follow）the global attention acquired by the firm's latest V3 foundation model and R1 reasoning model.
Reuters reported last month that DeepSeek﹣R2，the successor to R1，could be released as soon as this month，as （9）　 　 company rushes to expand.The release of DeepSeek﹣R1 rocked the global tech community with its cost﹣efficient performance （10）　 　 matched leading models.
19．（2025 新郑市校级三模）
DeepSeek：Bridging the Gap Between Humans and AI
DeepSeek，（1）　 　 innovative AI research lab established in 2020，is dedicated to developing advanced machine learning systems，（2）　 　 can understand human language more naturally.Their latest breakthrough，（3）　 　 （announce） last month，involves a neural network capable of generating coherent essays in seconds.
The technology，applied in education and content creation，（4）　 　 （draw） widespread attention recently. "Our goal is（5）　 　 （enable） users to focus on creativity rather than repetitive tasks，" said Dr.Li，the lab's director.However，ethical（6）　 　 （concern） have been raised regarding potential misuse of such tools.
DeepSeek's systems are designed to work（7）　 　 （close） with humans，acting as collaborative partners.For instance，（8）　 　 the process of writing a research paper，the AI might suggest relevant sources while（9）　 　 （allow） the author to retain full editorial control.This approach（10）　 　 （emphasize） the importance of balancing automation and human input.
20．（2025 湖北模拟）
Palace Museum Goes Zero Waste
The Forbidden City，not only a treasure of history and culture （1）　 　 a pioneer in sustainable development，is striving to become （2）　 　 zero﹣waste museum.
In January 2020，the Forbidden City Museum launched the "Forbidden City Zero﹣Waste" project.This initiative aims to minimize waste （3）　 　 （send） to landfills through scientific waste management.The museum repositioned trash cans based on researches， （4）　 　 （reduce） their number from 310 to 110 groups.Moreover，waste is classified into four major and seven minor （5）　 　 （category） for more precise disposal.
The （6）　 　 （environment） project also transforms recyclable waste into creative cultural products.What's more，the ecological compost （堆肥） flower bed in the Arrow Pavilion Square has become a small ecosystem， （7）　 　 garden waste is turned into organic fertilizer.
This project （8）　 　 （recognize） as a 2023 Green and Low﹣Carbon Series Model Case by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.Over the past four years，it has attracted the participation of 3，000 staff members and 21 million visitors.
In the future，the Forbidden City Museum will continue to innovate and expand the achievements of the "Zero﹣Waste" project，making full use of its role as a public participation base （9）　 　 green and low﹣carbon initiatives.The goal is （10）　 　 （engage） more people in environmental protection and further enhance the influence of the "Green Forbidden City".
高考英语一轮复习 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共20小题）
1．（2025 庐阳区校级三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gu Yanwu（1613﹣1682），a native of Kunshan in Jiangsu，was originally named Jiang and styled Zhongqing.He passed the county﹣level imperial（皇家的） exam and chose （1）　to become　 （become） a scholar during the Ming Dynasty.After the fall of the Ming Dynasty，Gu changed his given name to Yanwu due to his （2）　admiration　 （admire） for the conduct and character of Wang Yanwu，one of Wen Tianxiang's students.
During his lifetime，Gu followed the principle："For the rise and fall of the country，every common man is responsible."He stressed that one's academic work should be based （3）　on/upon　 a sound character.According to Gu Yanwu，the sense of propriety（礼节），righteousness，integrity （4）　and　 awareness of shame are the four （5）　virtues　 （virtue） one should acquire.When （6）　doing　 （do） academic work，he believed in learning widely and deeply and avoiding actions （7）　that/which　 could bring shame.When studying classic works，Gu valued textual criticism and argued that Pu Xue（meaning "practical，down﹣to﹣earth studies and teachings"） should take （8）　the　 place of Li Xue（meaning "studies and teachings of the universal principles"） which was （9）　influential　 （influence） during the Song and Ming Dynasties.Therefore，he （10）　was viewed/is viewed　 （view） as the founding father of the philology（文献学） of the Qing Dynasty.
【答案】（1）to become（2）admiration（3）on/upon（4）and（5）virtues（6）doing（7）that/which（8）the（9）influential（10）was viewed/is viewed
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了明末清初的学者顾炎武的生平事迹、学术主张以及他在文献学方面的地位。
【解答】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：他通过了县级科举考试，在明朝选择成为一名学者。choose to do sth.意为 "选择做某事"，是固定搭配。故填to become。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：明朝灭亡后，顾因为钦佩文天祥的一个学生王炎午的品行而改名为炎武。his是形容词性物主代词，后接名词admiration作宾语，是不可数名词。故填 admiration。
（3）考查介词。句意：他强调一个人的学术工作应该以良好的品行基础。be based on/upon意为"以……为基础"，是动词短语。故填on/upon。
（4）考查连词。句意：根据顾炎武的观点，礼、义、廉、耻是一个人应该具备的四种品德。sense of propriety，righteousness，integrity和awareness of shame是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：根据顾炎武的观点，礼、义、廉、耻是一个人应该具备的四种品德。virtue是可数名词，其前有数词four修饰，要用复数形式virtues。故填virtues。
（6）考查状语从句的省略。句意：在做学术工作时，他主张广泛而深入地学习，避免做出会带来耻辱的行为。本句为状语从句的省略，原句为When he was doing academic work，省略了he was。故填doing。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：在做学术工作时，他主张广泛而深入地学习，避免做出会带来耻辱的行为。先行词actions在定语从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词 that/which引导限制性定语从句。故填that/which。
（8）考查定冠词。句意：在研究经典著作时，顾重视文献考证，并主张 "朴学"（即 "务实、踏实的研究和教学"）应取代宋明时期有影响力的 "理学"（即 "关于普遍原则的研究和教学"）。take the place of意为"取代，代替"，是动词短语。故填the。
（9）考查形容词。句意：在研究经典著作时，顾重视文献考证，并主张 "朴学"（即 "务实、踏实的研究和教学"）应取代宋明时期有影响力的 "理学"（即 "关于普遍原则的研究和教学"）。was是系动词，后接形容词作表语，influence的形容词形式是influential，意为"有影响力的"。故填 influential。
（10）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：因此，他被视为清代文献学的奠基人。he和view之间是被动关系，即 "他被视为……"，根据语境，既可以用一般过去时表示过去的情况，也可以用一般现在时陈述客观事实，be viewed as意为"被视为"，he是第三人称单数，一般过去时用was viewed，一般现在时用is viewed。故填was viewed/is viewed。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
2．（2025 沙河口区校级二模）
Penguins have an undeserved reputation as funny and somewhat ridiculous animals and （1）　it　 is easy to see why：They're cute，flightless birds that waddle about like fluffy （毛茸茸的） toddlers.
However，underestimating them might be a mistake，as one petrel （海燕） discovered when it attacked a group of emperor penguin chicks （2）　hoping　 （hope） for an easy meal.
As these chicks made their way to the sea without their （3）　parents'　 （parent） supervision for the first time，a giant petrel descended rapidly for （4）　what　 it thought would prove a quick kill.The chicks initially tried to flee，but （5）　struggled　 （struggle） with running on land.One of them slipped and fell，becoming （6）　an　 easy target for the predatory bird.
When the petrel grabbed the chick （7）　by　 the neck with its strong beak，it looked like there was no hope （8）　left　 （leave） for the clumsy chick，but a tactical fall allowed it to escape and slide away back to its group.
Rejoined by their fallen companion，the chicks assembled into a （9）　defensive　 （defend） circle that allowed them to protect each other from all sides.After a tense standoff，the （10）　arrival　 （arrive） of an adult penguin finally set the petrel on the run.
【答案】（1）it（2）hoping（3）parents'（4）what（5）struggled（6）an（7）by（8）left（9）defensive（10）arrival
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企鹅共同抵御天敌攻击的事情。
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：企鹅被赋予了不应有的滑稽可笑，还有点荒谬的名声，而其中的原因很容易理解：它们是可爱又不会飞的鸟类，走起路来摇摇晃晃，就像毛茸茸的学步小孩。分析可知，此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to see why。故填it。
（2）考查现在分词。句意：然而，低估它们可能是一个错误，就像一只海燕在攻击一群帝企鹅幼崽时发现的那样，它原本希望能轻松享用一顿美餐。分析可知，句子已有谓语动词attacked，且没有连词，此处应填非谓语动词作状语，动词hope与it（指代one petrel）之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语。故填hoping。
（3）考查名词所有格。句意：当这些幼崽第一次在没有父母监护的情况下前往海边时，一只大海燕迅速下降，它以为这将是一次迅速的猎杀。分析可知，supervision与parent之间是所属关系，故应用名词所有格形式，结合前文chicks可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填parents'。
（4）考查宾语从句引导词。句意：当这些幼崽第一次在没有父母监护的情况下前往海边时，一只大海燕迅速下降，它以为这将是一次迅速的猎杀。设空处引导宾语从句作介词for的宾语，且从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：企鹅幼崽们起初试图逃跑，但在陆地上奔跑却十分艰难。设空处与tried并列作谓语，应用一般过去时。故填struggled。
（6）考查冠词。句意：它们中的一只滑倒了，成了易受猛禽攻击的目标。target"目标"为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且easy的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（7）考查介词。句意：当海燕用它强壮的喙咬住企鹅幼崽的脖子时，这只笨拙的幼崽似乎已毫无希望，但它巧妙地摔倒，从而得以逃脱，并滑回它的群体之中。"grab sb./sth. + by + the +身体某一部位" "抓住某人/某物的……部位"，为固定搭配。故填by。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：当海燕用它强壮的喙咬住企鹅幼崽的脖子时，这只笨拙的幼崽似乎已毫无希望，但它巧妙地摔倒，从而得以逃脱，并滑回它的群体之中。分析可知，此处应填非谓语作后置定语，动词leave与其所修饰的词hope之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填left。
（9）考查形容词。句意：滑倒的同伴重回群体，企鹅幼崽们集结成一个防御性的圆圈，这样它们就能从四面八方保护彼此。设空处修饰名词circle，应用形容词defensive"防御性的"作定语。故填defensive。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：经过紧张的对峙后，一只成年企鹅的到来终于让海燕落荒而逃。分析句子成分可知，设空处作主语，应用名词arrival，arrival为不可数名词。故填arrival。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
3．（2025 湖北模拟） The concept of yin and yang is a Chinese philosophy that suggests there are opposing but interconnected forces that work together （1）　to affect　 （affect） people's lives and health.It is an important component in many aspects of Chinese philosophy，medicine，and culture in general.
The yin﹣yang symbol （2）　is referred　 （refer） to as the Taiji symbol.In its simplest form，it's shown as a circle （3）　divided　 （divide） into two tear﹣drop shaped elements —one of （4）　which　 is black and the other white.Each side has a smaller circle inside it made of （5）　the　 opposite color.Generally speaking，yin stands for an inward （内在的） energy that is female，dark，and negative.Yang，however，is more associated with outward energy，male，bright，and positive.
There are many written records about yin and yang，some （6）　dating　 （date） back to thousands of years.The earliest known instance is in the Book of Songs： "Viewing the scenery at a hill，looking for yin yang." While this verse may seem filled with philosophical meaning，it was （7）　probably　 （probable） just a poetic turn of phrase at the time.
The earliest evidence of the yin﹣yang symbol appears （8）　on　 various animal remains used for divination （占卜），serving as simple indications of natural （9）　phenomena　 （phenomenon）.
Essentially，yin﹣yang conveys our inner need for balance and harmony.With more meanings and understandings created over time，the yin﹣yang symbol remains （10）　influential　 （influence） at home and abroad.
【答案】（1）to affect（2）is referred（3）divided（4）which（5）the（6）dating（7）probably（8）on（9）phenomena（10）influential
【分析】本文介绍了中国哲学中的阴阳概念，包括阴阳符号的形式、阴阳的含义、相关记载以及阴阳符号的早期证据，强调阴阳传达了人们对平衡与和谐的内在需求，其在国内外一直具有影响力。
【解答】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：阴阳概念是中国哲学理念，认为存在对立却相互关联的力量，共同作用影响人们的生活和健康。"forces"与"affect"是主动关系，这里用动词不定式表示目的 ，故填to affect。
（2）考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：阴阳符号指的是太极符号。主语"The yin ﹣ yang symbol"是单数，与"refer to"是被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is referred。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：它最简单的形式是一个被分成两个泪滴状元素的圆。"circle"与"divide"是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语 ，故填divided。
（4）考查定语从句关系词。句意：它最简单的形式是一个被分成两个泪滴状元素的圆，其中一个是黑色，另一个是白色。先行词是"two tear ﹣ drop shaped elements"，在"one of..."结构中，关系词在从句中作of的宾语，指物，故填which。
（5）考查冠词。句意：每一边内部都有一个由相反颜色构成的小圆圈。这里特指相反的颜色，用定冠词 ，故填the。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：有许多关于阴阳的文字记载，有些可追溯到数千年前。"some"与"date back to"是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语 ，故填dating。
（7）考查副词。句意：虽然这句诗可能看似充满哲学意味，但在当时它可能只是一种诗意的表达。修饰整个句子用副词 ，故填probably。
（8）考查介词。句意：阴阳符号最早的证据出现在用于占卜的各种动物残骸上，作为自然现象的简单指示。"appear on"表示"出现在……上" ，故填on。
（9）考查名词复数。句意：阴阳符号最早的证据出现在用于占卜的各种动物残骸上，作为自然现象的简单指示。"phenomenon"是可数名词，前面没有限定词，这里用复数形式 ，故填phenomena。
（10）考查形容词。句意：随着时间推移产生更多含义和理解，阴阳符号在国内外依然具有影响力。"remain"是系动词，后接形容词作表语 ，故填influential。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
4．（2025 广州模拟） Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation（灌溉） and flood control system，Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient （1）　engineering　 （engineer） skill and is still in use today.
During the Warring States period，people living along the banks of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding.Irrigation engineer Li Bing （2）　led　 （lead） a team to construct an embankment（堤坝）to redirect part of the river's flow upon thorough investigation.Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to let out the extra water.During the construction，cutting the channel proved to be a much more challenging task than （3）　anticipated　 （anticipate），as the tools available could not break through the hard rock of the mountain.Therefore，they used a（4）　combination　 （combine） of fire and water to heat and cool the rocks until they broke （5）　and　 could be removed，Once completed，the system prevented floods and made Sichuan one of China's most productive （6）　agricultural　 （agriculture） regions by using the redirected water （7）　for　 irrigation.
Now if you visit Dujiangyan，you will see an unusual construction （8）　that/which　 looks like a fish's mouth.This famous attraction，Yuzui，together with two other important parts，namely，Feishayan and Baopingkou， （9）　was designed　 （design） scientifically to control the water flow throughout the year.Recognized as （10）　a　 UNESCO heritage site，Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2，000 years.
【答案】（1）engineering （2）led （3）anticipated （4）combination （5）and （6）agricultural （7）for （8）that/which （9）was designed （10）a
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了都江堰的起源以及其历史意义。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：它是古代工程技术的一个杰出范例，至今仍在使用。由空后skill为名词可知，此处为名词engineering"工程，工程学"作定语修饰该名词。故填engineering。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：灌溉工程师李冰带领一个团队建造一个堤坝，以改变部分河流的流向，经过彻底调查。由上文During the Warring States period可知，此处时态应为一般过去时。故填led。
（3）考查省略句。句意：在建设期间，切割通道被证明是一项比预期更具挑战性的任务，因为现有工具不能打破山上的坚硬岩石。分析可知本句是状语从句的省略，完整的句子为：it was anticipated。此处省略了it was，用过去分词表被动。故填anticipated。
（4）考查名词。句意：因此，他们使用火与水相结合的方法加热和冷却岩石，直到岩石破碎可以被清除为止。由a可知，此处为名词单数形式combination"结合，组合"作宾语。故填combination。
（5）考查连词。句意：因此，他们使用火与水相结合的方法加热和冷却岩石，直到岩石破碎可以被清除为止。此处为并列连词连接两个谓语动词broke和be removed。故填and。
（6）考查形容词。句意：一旦完成，该系统通过使用改道的水进行灌溉，防止了洪水，使四川成为中国最具生产力的农业区之一。由空后regions为名词复数短语以及空前productive可知，此处为形容词形式agricultural"农业的，农用的"，作定语修饰空后的名词短语。故填agricultural。
（7）考查介词。句意一旦完成，该系统通过使用改道的水进行灌溉，防止了洪水，使四川成为中国最具生产力的农业区之一。此处为水用于灌溉，应用介词for表示"为了，给"。故填for。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：现在如果你参观都江堰，你会看到一个看起来像鱼嘴的奇怪建筑。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是construction，在从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
（9）考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：这处著名景点鱼嘴与其他两个重要部分，即飞沙堰和宝瓶口一起，被科学设计以控制全年的水流。此处描述过去的事，与主语为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是This famous attraction，谓语动词应用was designed。故填was designed。
（10）考查冠词。句意：被认可为联合国科教文组织的遗产地，都江堰在防止洪水的同时灌溉了农田2000多年。此处UNESCO heritage site为单数名词短语作宾语，泛指"一处联合国文化遗产地"，应用不定冠词，且UNESCO首字母的发音为辅音音素，因此使用不定冠词a。故填a。
【点评】考查语法填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合所学语法以及语言知识及上下文内容完成。
5．（2025 北碚区校级模拟）
The Timeless Whisper of Chinese Silk
In a quiet workshop outside Hangzhou，the rhythmic sound of wooden weaving machines echoes a 5.000﹣year﹣old legacy.Here，（1）　experienced　 （experience） craftsmen still practice the delicate art of Chinese silk production，just as their ancestors did along the ancient Silk Road.The process remains（2）　the　 same from tending mulberry﹣fed silkworms to separating golden cocoons（茧） in warm water，each step（3）　performed　 （perform） with care.
In ancient China，this luxurious fabric（布料） served as currency（4）　during　 the Warring States Period，when metal coins became more popular and gradually replaced silk as the primary form of currency.Today，Chinese silk continues to capture the world，though its role（5）　has changed　 （change）.Milanese fashion houses pay high prices for Zhejiang's finest fabrics，while scientists are amazed by silk's potential in medical technology for its（6）　strength　 （strong） and biocompatibility（生物相容性）.
In Suzhou，young designer Zhang Wei redefines tradition by weaving smartphone﹣thin silk with conductive threads，creating "smart"（7）　dresses　 （dress） that change color with body temperature."Our grandmothers' fabric is becoming future technology，"he remarks，holding up a sample.Meanwhile，rural cooperatives employ traditional methods（8）　to meet　 （meet） growing global demand for sustainable textiles.
As fast fashion sweeps across the globe，China's silk culture persists as a symbol of patience and craftsmanship.The fabric（9）　that/which　 once clothed emperors now bridges past and future—its smooth surface still telling stories as（10）　vividly　 （vivid） as when it first carried China's civilization to distant lands.
【答案】（1）experienced（2）the（3）performed（4）during（5）has changed（6）strength（7）dresses（8）to meet（9）which/that（10）vividly
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国丝绸的历史传承、现代应用及创新发展。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：在这里，经验丰富的工匠们仍然在练习中国丝绸生产的精致工艺，就像他们的祖先在古丝绸之路上所做的那样。分析可知，空处需用形容词experienced"经验丰富的"作定语，修饰名词craftsmen。故填experienced。
（2）考查冠词。句意：从饲养桑蚕到在温水中分离金色蚕茧，每一步都要小心进行，这个过程仍然是一样的。the same"一样的"。故填the。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：从饲养以桑叶为食的蚕到在温水中分离金色的蚕茧，这个过程仍然是一样的，每一步都小心翼翼地进行着。本句已有谓语remains，且空处没有连词，空处需用非谓语动词和each step构成独立主格结构作状语；动词perform与其逻辑主语each step之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词形式。故填performed。
（4）考查介词。句意：在中国古代，这种奢华的面料在战国时期被用作货币，后来金属硬币变得更受欢迎，并逐渐取代丝绸成为主要的货币形式。根据句意可知，此处表示在战国时期，所以需用介词during表示"在……期间"。故填during。
（5）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：今天，尽管中国丝绸的角色已经改变，但它仍然吸引着全世界。所填词为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语today并结合句意可知，此处应用现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响；主语its role为单数，助动词应用has。故填has changed。
（6）考查不可数名词。句意：米兰的时装公司为浙江最好的面料支付高价，而科学家们则对丝绸在医疗技术中的潜力感到惊讶，因为它的强度和生物相容性。此处与and后的biocompatibility并列作介词for的宾语，应用名词strength"强度"，strength在这里为抽象名词，不可数。故填strength。
（7）考查可数名词复数。句意：在苏州，年轻的设计师张伟通过将智能手机厚度的丝绸与导电丝编织在一起，重新定义了传统，创造出了能随体温变色的"智能"连衣裙。dress"连衣裙"为可数名词，根据后文定语从句的谓语动词change是复数形式可知，先行词dress需用其复数形式。故填dresses。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：与此同时，农村合作社采用传统方法来满足全球对可持续纺织品日益增长的需求。本句已有谓语employ，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。
（9）考查定语从句关系词。句意：这种曾经为皇帝制作衣服的面料，现在连接着过去和未来——它光滑的表面仍然讲述着故事，就像它第一次将中国文明带到遥远的土地上时一样生动。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the fabric，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以需用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which/that。
（10）考查副词。句意：这种曾经为皇帝制作衣服的面料，现在连接着过去和未来——它光滑的表面仍然讲述着故事，就像它第一次将中国文明带到遥远的土地上时一样生动。分析可知，空处需用副词vividly"生动地"作状语，修饰动词telling。故填vividly。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
6．（2025 朝阳区校级四模）
Symbols of Animals in Chinese and Western Cultures
In Chinese and Western cultures，animals （1）　have acquired　 （acquire） different meanings over time.There are some elements （2）　which/that　 represent one thing to one culture，and something else entirely to another.
The word "bat" in Chinese（"fu"） has the same （3）　pronunciation　 （pronounce） as the Chinese character meaning"luck，happiness and fortune".Therefore，images of bats are often symbols of good luck in China.They are also appreciated （4）　for　 their ability to catch insects. （5）　However　 ，in Western cultures，bats are often associated with darkness.
Due to their unpleasant appearance and call，owls（猫头鹰） were for long considered symbols of bad luck in China.In consequence，owls were used in poetry （6）　to represent　 （represent） evil.A poem in the Classic of Poetry，for example，was written in the tone of a （7）　frightened　 （frighten） bird being bullied by an owl.
Owl.owl，as you have already taken my child.
Don't destroy my nest.
Yet in Western cultures，the owl is often regarded as （8）　a　 symbol of wisdom.In the popular，Harry Petter senies，the owl is an （9）　extremely　 （extreme） wise and helpful bird.
These differences mirrer each culture's distinct background.By exploring these，a deeper understanding of the rich cultures around the world can （10）　be unlocked　 （unlock）
【答案】（1）have acquired（2）which/that（3）pronunciation（4）for（5）However（6）to represent（7）frightened（8）a（9）extremely（10）be unlocked
【分析】本文主要介绍了在中国和西方文化中，动物随着时间的推移获得了不同的含义。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态语态。句意：在中国和西方文化中，动物随着时间的推移获得了不同的含义。结合时间状语over time，句子应用现在完成时，animals为主语，为复数名词，设空处应用have acquired。故填have acquired。
（2）考查关系代词。句意：有些元素对一种文化代表一件事，而对另一种文化则代表另一件事。设空处引导定语从句，some elements为先行词，指物，在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。故填which/that。
（3）考查名词。句意：汉语中的"蝙蝠"一词（"福"）与汉字发音相同，意思是"幸运、幸福和财富"。分析句子，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词pronunciation。故填pronunciation。
（4）考查介词。句意：它们也因其捕捉昆虫的能力而受到赞赏。appreciate...for"因为......欣赏"，设空处应用介词for。故填for。
（5）考查副词。句意：然而，在西方文化中，蝙蝠往往与黑暗联系在一起。结合句意，本句话和前句为转折关系，应用however，用逗号跟主句隔开。故填However。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：因此，猫头鹰在诗歌中被用来代表邪恶。此处表目的，作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to represent。
（7）考查形容词。句意：例如，《诗经》中的一首诗是用一只受惊的鸟被猫头鹰欺负的语气写的。形容词修饰名词，指"受惊的"，应用frightened。故填frightened。
（8）考查冠词。句意：然而，在西方文化中，猫头鹰通常被视为智慧的象征。a symbol of"......的象征。故填a。
（9）考查副词。句意：在流行语中，哈利 佩特 塞尼斯认为猫头鹰是一种极其聪明和乐于助人的鸟。副词修饰形容词，设空处应用副词修饰wise and helpful。故填extremely。
（10）考查动词语态。句意：通过探索这些，可以更深入地了解世界各地的丰富文化。情态动词后跟动词原形，the world和unlock为被动关系，设空处应用be unlocked。故填be unlocked。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
7．（2025 贵州模拟） DeepSeek has recently made significant progress in AI reasoning through enhanced learning， （1）　pioneering　 （pioneer）a new direction for AI.By using an open﹣source approach，Chinese （2）　innovators　 （innovate） have broken the technological barriers of global leaders like OpenAI.This breakthrough is not only a technological leap for Chinese AI companies （3）　but　 narrows the gap in AI capabilities，removing concerns over chip limitations.
The global competition for large models has entered a critical stage.Thanks to its diverse industries and development environments，China has （4）　a　 unique advantage in using large models （5）　to power　 （power） a new industrial revolution.The year 2025 will be the year of AI applications，with the key to success lying in seizing the opportunities （6）　created　 （create） by DeepSeek.
Based on DeepSeek's capabilities，breakthroughs can be achieved in many fields.Large models will lead，without doubt， （7）　to　 "universal intelligence"for all.Given DeepSeek's open﹣source and low﹣cost features，individuals can now own large models and become"super individuals".As AI transforms smart hardware，and large models shrink in size，AI devices from smart﹣connected cars to （8）　personal　 （person） computers and mobile phones—will become the standard.DeepSeek's strong inference model can help users take advantage of professional knowledge in scientific fields for enhanced learning， （9）　which　 develops specialized scientific models.Large models，like DeepSeek，are changing how fundamental scientific problems （10）　are studied　 （study） and addressing issues such as energy development.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了人工智能DeepSeek的进步以及人工智能的发展情况。
【解答】（1）考查现在分词。句意：DeepSeek最近通过增强学习在人工智能推理方面取得了重大进展，为人工智能开辟了新的方向。pioneer与DeepSeek构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填pioneering。
（2）考查可数名词复数。句意：通过使用开源方法，中国创新者打破了OpenAI等全球领导者的技术壁垒。作主语，表示"创新者"用名词innovator，根据后文have可知为复数。故填innovators。
（3）考查连词。句意：这一突破不仅是中国人工智能企业的技术飞跃，而且还缩小了人工智能能力的差距，消除了对芯片限制的担忧。表示"不仅……而且……"为固定搭配only only…but （also）…，but为连词。故填but。
（4）考查冠词。句意：中国拥有多样化的产业和发展环境，在以大模式推动新产业革命方面具有独特优势。此处advantage为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：中国拥有多样化的产业和发展环境，在以大模式推动新产业革命方面具有独特优势。动词短语use sth.to do sth.表示"用某物做某事"，。动词不定式作宾补。故填to power。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：2025年将是人工智能应用之年，成功的关键在于抓住DeepSeek带来的机遇。此处create与opportunities构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
（7）考查介词。句意：毫无疑问，大型模型将为所有人带来"通用智能"。短语lead to表示"导致，通向"，to为介词。故填to。
（8）考查形容词。句意：随着人工智能改变智能硬件，大型模型缩小尺寸，人工智能设备——从智能联网汽车到个人电脑和手机——将成为标准。修饰名词computers用形容词personal。故填personal。
（9）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：DeepSeek的强推理模型可以帮助用户利用科学领域的专业知识进行强化学习，从而开发出专门的科学模型。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。
（10）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：像DeepSeek这样的大型模型正在改变基础科学问题的研究方式，并解决能源开发等问题。宾语从句中的主语fundamental scientific problems与谓语study构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词为are。故填are studied。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
8．（2025 临沂模拟） Pipa is a traditional Chinese （1）　musical　 （music） instrument with a history of over 2000 years.Originating from ancient China，it has evolved through various dynasties，becoming an integral part of Chinese music culture.
It has a unique pear﹣shaped body （2）　made　 （make） of wood and four strings.The sound of Pipa is bright and melodious，capable of （3）　expressing　 （express） a wide range of emotions.Pipa （4）　is played　 （play） in both solo and ensemble performances.It is known （5）　for　 its diverse playing techniques，including plucking，strumming，and sliding.
Mastering Pipa requires years of practice and （6）　a　 good understanding of Chinese music.In ancient times，Pipa was a popular instrument among scholars and artists，many of （7）　whom　 wrote poems and music inspired by Pipa.
Today，Pipa is still an important part of Chinese culture and has gained （8）　popularity　 （popular）worldwide.Learning to play Pipa not only develops musical skills but also provides a （9）　deeper　 （deep） appreciation of Chinese history and tradition.It serves as a bridge to the past and a way （10）　to preserve　 （preserve） the beauty of ancient Chinese music for future generations.Pipa is more than just an instrument；it is a symbol of Chinese musical achievement and a treasure of world music culture.
【答案】（1）musical（2）made（3）expressing（4）is played（5）for（6）a（7）whom（8）popularity（9）deeper（10）to preserve
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，琵琶是一种具有两千多年历史的中国传统乐器，起源于古代中国，并经过多个朝代的演变，成为中国音乐文化中不可或缺的一部分。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：琵琶是一种有着2000多年历史的中国传统乐器。根据空格后的名词instrument（乐器），可知此处需要一个形容词来修饰这个名词，表示乐器的类型。结合语境，应填musical（音乐的），表示琵琶是一种中国传统乐器。故填musical。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：它有一个独特的梨形木质琴身和四根弦。句中已有谓语动词has，且没有连词连接，故此处make应使用非谓语形式。由于body（琴身）与make之间是被动关系，表示琴身是由木头制成的，所以使用过去分词made作后置定语。故填made。
（3）考查动名词。句意：琵琶的声音明亮而悦耳，能够表达各种各样的情感。根据空格前的介词of，可知此处需要一个名词或动名词作为介词的宾语。结合语境，应填expressing（表达），表示琵琶能够表达各种各样的情感。故填expressing。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：琵琶既可以独奏，也可以合奏。句子描述的是琵琶的常规用途，应使用一般现在时。同时，Pipa（琵琶）与play（演奏）之间是被动关系，表示琵琶被演奏，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态is played。故填is played。
（5）考查介词。句意：它以其多样的演奏技巧而闻名，包括弹拨、扫弦和滑音。根据固定搭配be known for（以……而闻名），可知此处应填介词for，表示琵琶以其多样的演奏技巧而闻名。故填for。
（6）考查冠词。句意：掌握琵琶需要多年的练习和对中国音乐的良好理解。根据空格后的名词短语good understanding（良好的理解），可知此处需要一个冠词来修饰这个名词短语。由于understanding在这里是特指对中国音乐的良好理解，所以使用定冠词the。但考虑到空格后的good是以辅音音素开头的单词，且此处表示的是"一种良好的理解"，也可以使用不定冠词a。不过，在更严格的语境下，由于理解的对象是中国音乐这一特定领域，使用定冠词the更为准确。但根据题目给出的答案，此处应填a，表示一种泛指的良好理解。在实际应用中，两者均可接受，但a更侧重于泛指。故填a。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：在古代，琵琶是学者和艺术家中流行的乐器，他们中的许多人写了受琵琶启发的诗歌和音乐。句子中存在非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词scholars and artists（学者和艺术家）。在定语从句中，关系代词作介词of的宾语，指人，所以使用whom来引导定语从句。故填whom。
（8）考查名词。句意：如今，琵琶仍然是中国文化的重要组成部分，并在世界范围内广受欢迎。根据空格前的动词gained（获得），可知此处需要一个名词作为动词的宾语。结合语境，应填popularity（流行，受欢迎），表示琵琶在世界范围内广受欢迎。故填popularity。
（9）考查形容词比较级。句意：学习弹奏琵琶不仅可以培养音乐技能，还可以加深对中国历史和传统的欣赏。根据空格前的冠词a和空格后的名词appreciation（欣赏），可知此处需要一个形容词来修饰这个名词。结合语境和前面的not only...but also...（不仅……而且……）结构，可知此处表示的是与之前相比的更深的欣赏，所以使用形容词的比较级deeper。故填deeper。
（10）考查不定式。句意：它是通往过去的桥梁，也是为子孙后代保存中国古代音乐之美的一种方式。根据固定搭配a way to do sth.（做某事的方式），可知此处应填不定式to preserve作为way的后置定语，表示保存中国古代音乐之美的一种方式。故填to preserve。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
9．（2025 浙江模拟） "X Virtual Gathering：Honey"，a new project of X Museum's digital art platform X Virtual，（1）　was launched　 （launch） on Thursday in Beijing with an exhibition and a video game designed by multiple creatives from home and abroad.
Upon entering the exhibition，visitors are grabbed by the electronic music （2）　mixed　 （mix） with a buzzing noise playing in the game，the interface （界面） of which is projected on the wall.They are invited to pick up the controller to start the game，becoming a bee busy gathering honey.
Depicted in a （3）　futuristic　 （future），robotic and metallic style，the worker bee （4）　flies　 （fly） through various landscapes，including a mysterious jungle and an erupting volcano.Eight music pieces，each of which represents a specific event，are triggered as it moves through different levels within the game，immersing the player in （5）　an　 adventure with a bee's perspective.As an abstract medium，music alters and challenges the participants' senses，urging us （6）　to rethink　 （rethink） ecological justice and species justice.
According to the curators（策展人），this project explores the vast，interconnected world of bees （7）　and　 how it influences ideas around ecology，human civilization，and capitalism.It is an urgent response （8）　to　 crises such as resource exhaustion and a net loss of biodiversity （9）　which/that　 we humans are faced with，as well as the slowly widening （10）　division　 （divide） between civilization and nature through technological revolutions.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了X博物馆数字艺术平台X Virtual的新项目"X Virtual Gathering：Honey"的启动情况，包括展览内容、设计特色以及项目所探讨的主题和意义。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态和语态。句意：周四，X博物馆数字艺术平台X Virtual的新项目"X虚拟聚会：Honey"在北京启动，其中包括由国内外多位创意人士设计的展览和视频游戏。launch作本句谓语，根据时间状语on Thursday可知，用一般过去时，和主语X Virtual Gathering：Honey之间是被动关系，用