主语从句专项练习
I. 语法填空
第一组：基础练习
__________ he will be selected as the captain of the school basketball team depends on his leadership skills and teamwork spirit.
It is vital that we __________ (develop) a good habit of time management to balance study and extracurricular activities.
__________ surprised the whole class was that our monitor won the first prize in the national English writing competition.
It __________ (report) that the government will invest more funds in improving the infrastructure of rural middle schools next year.
__________ volunteers to help organize the school’s 60th anniversary celebration will receive a commemorative badge.
__________ the new intelligent teaching system will be put into use in our school this semester is still being tested by the IT department.
It is strange that she __________ (not reply) to our team’s email about the group project until now.
__________ the research team managed to make a breakthrough in renewable energy technology has attracted widespread attention.
It __________ (confirm) that the International Youth Science Forum will be held in our city in October.
__________ violates the regulations of the school library (such as littering or scribbling) will be banned from entering for a month.
__________ we should focus on improving academic performance or developing practical skills is a topic debated by educators.
It is necessary that all participants __________ (register) for the summer camp before the end of this month.
__________ the local museum will launch free admission for students on weekends remains to be announced.
It __________ (believe) that reading classic literature works can enhance students’ cultural literacy and critical thinking.
__________ helps the elderly cross the road or carry heavy things in the community will be praised on the neighborhood noticeboard.
__________ the art festival will be held indoors or outdoors depends on the weather forecast for next weekend.
It is a pity that we __________ (miss) the opportunity to visit the famous historical relics due to the sudden rain last Sunday.
__________ the factory will switch to more eco-friendly production methods to reduce carbon emissions is what the public cares about.
It __________ (announce) that our school will cooperate with a foreign high school to carry out student exchange programs.
__________ suitable theme we choose for the class cultural wall should reflect the spirit of our generation.
__________ he suddenly changed his mind about studying abroad still puzzles his parents and teachers.
It is important that students __________ (learn) to distinguish between true and false information in the age of the Internet.
__________ the new subway line will connect our residential area to the city center will greatly affect our daily commute.
It __________ (prove) that regular participation in sports activities can reduce the risk of mental health problems among teenagers.
__________ is responsible for checking the safety of the laboratory equipment every day needs to fill in a detailed record form.
__________ we can successfully hold the inter-school debate competition as scheduled relies on the support of all participating schools.
It is suggested that the school __________ (offer) more courses on traditional Chinese culture, such as calligraphy and paper-cutting.
__________ the famous astronaut will give a lecture on space exploration to our students has excited everyone in the school.
It __________ (expect) that the number of students majoring in green energy-related subjects will increase in the next five years.
__________ difficulties we may encounter in completing the scientific research project, we should stick to our original goal.
第二组：进阶练习（共 20 题）
__________ team can develop a more efficient method to recycle electronic waste will win the national youth innovation award this year.
It is requested that the research group __________ (submit) a detailed progress report on the AI-based teaching project by the end of this month.
__________ the ancient traditional craft of making blue-and-white porcelain can be passed down to younger generations depends on the joint efforts of craftsmen and local government.
It __________ (acknowledge) that the number of young people choosing to engage in rural education has increased significantly over the past five years.
__________ of the two proposed plans for the school sports center reconstruction is more feasible still needs to be evaluated by professional architects.
It is strange that he __________ (not inform) his teacher of the reason for his absence from the important academic seminar last week.
__________ the newly built satellite can accurately collect data on global climate change has been confirmed by the national space agency.
It is essential that students __________ (equip) with the ability to think critically rather than just memorize knowledge in the information age.
__________ helped the elderly villagers set up online stores to sell local agricultural products was highly praised by the county government.
It __________ (reveal) in the latest survey that over 60% of high school students hope to have more courses related to career planning.
__________ we should prioritize economic development or environmental protection in less developed areas is a complex issue debated by experts.
It is suggested that more public facilities __________ (build) in residential communities to meet the daily needs of the elderly.
__________ the famous writer will publish a new novel based on his experiences in western China this year remains a hot topic among his readers.
It __________ (prove) repeatedly that regular reading of classic works can improve students’ language expression and literary appreciation.
__________ difficulties we may face in promoting the use of clean energy in remote areas, we must stick to the long-term goal of carbon neutrality.
__________ the international exchange program will be held offline as planned depends on the global epidemic situation.
It is a requirement that all participants __________ (wear) the official uniform during the national debate competition.
__________ invented the new type of energy-saving lamp to reduce electricity consumption has not been made public yet.
It __________ (announce) yesterday that the school will postpone the mid-term exam due to the sudden campus renovation.
__________ advice the career counselor gives to senior students should be combined with their personal interests and strengths.
II. 单句改错（共 10 题，每句 1 处错误）
If she will participate in the academic lecture hosted by the renowned university professor is still unknown.
It is crucial that a senior student masters independent learning strategies before entering a key university.
When will the student union hold the annual New Year gala is not decided yet by the school administration.
The fact what our class won the first prize in the inter-school group debate competition made all of us proud.
Who contributes to the class charity donation activity will be praised by the head teacher in the weekly assembly.
If we can complete the group research project on time depends on the effective cooperation among team members.
It is important that every student learns to distinguish between true and false information in the era of the Internet.
Why did he refuse to join the school football team that has won multiple championships is a mystery to his friends.
The news what the school will construct a new multi-functional playground spread quickly among students.
Who volunteers to assist in organizing the school sports meeting will be awarded a small gift by the PE department.
解析：表 “无论谁志愿协助组织运动会”，是泛指，用 whoever；who 表特指，不符合语境。
III. 句型转换
第一部分：应用文场景（书信、通知、建议信等）
That we should launch a charity book drive to raise funds for students in underdeveloped rural areas is proposed in your letter.
你的信中提议，我们应发起一场慈善图书募集活动，为欠发达农村地区的学生筹集资金。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，适配 “建议信回复” 场景
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Whether our school will secure approval for our application to host the English drama competition is our primary concern.
我们学校是否会批准我们举办英语戏剧比赛的申请，是我们最关心的事。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，适配 “活动申请信” 结尾
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It is officially announced that the deadline for submitting volunteer application forms will be extended to next Friday.
官方通知称，志愿者申请表的提交截止日期将延长至下周五。
要求：改为直接主语从句，适配 “校园通知” 正文
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That we are required to prepare 50 copies of the detailed activity plan for the upcoming meeting is essential.
我们被要求为即将召开的会议准备 50 份详细的活动方案，这一点至关重要。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，适配 “会议筹备通知”
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That we select a quiet and well-lit classroom for the study group’s in-depth discussion has been consented to by all members.
我们选择一间安静且光线充足的教室用于学习小组的深入讨论，全体成员已同意此事。
要求：用 whoever 改写主语从句（突出 “全体共识”），适配 “学习小组建议信”
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It is widely acknowledged that engaging in community service initiatives can help us foster a strong sense of social responsibility.
人们普遍认为，参与社区服务活动有助于我们培养强烈的社会责任感。
要求：改为直接主语从句，适配 “社会实践报告” 开头
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Whether we will organize a guided tour to the local history museum during the upcoming winter vacation is to be deliberated in the class meeting.
即将到来的寒假期间，我们是否组织一场前往当地历史博物馆的有向导游览，将在班会上讨论。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，适配 “班会通知” 标题下方导语
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第二部分：读后续写场景（情感、动作、场景描写）
That Tom abruptly dashed out of the classroom, tears streaming down his cheeks, took all his classmates by surprise.
汤姆突然冲出教室，眼泪顺着脸颊流下，这让所有同学都感到意外。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，突出 “突发场景的意外感”，适配读后续写 “情感转折” 段落
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Whether Lily would grant him forgiveness for forgetting her 16th birthday weighed heavily on his mind throughout the night.
莉莉是否会原谅他忘记了她的 16 岁生日，这件事整晚都沉重地压在他的心头。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，强化 “人物内心焦虑”，适配读后续写 “心理描写” 部分
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It is commonly known that the dilapidated wooden cottage at the end of the winding street has been vacant for a decade.
众所周知，那条蜿蜒街道尽头的破旧木屋已经空置了十年。
要求：改为直接主语从句，铺垫 “神秘场景”，适配读后续写 “环境描写” 开头
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That we trace the faint footprints in the thick snow to locate the missing puppy is the sole viable solution at present.
我们跟着厚厚的积雪中淡淡的脚印去寻找那只走失的小狗，这是目前唯一可行的办法。
要求：用 whatever 改写主语从句（突出 “别无选择”），适配读后续写 “动作衔接” 段落
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That the little girl offered him a steaming cup of milk when he was trembling with cold melted his heart instantly.
当他冻得浑身发抖时，小女孩递给他一杯热气腾腾的牛奶，这瞬间融化了他的心。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，强化 “温暖瞬间的感染力”，适配读后续写 “情感升华” 部分
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Whether the fierce storm would subside before dusk remained an unsettling question lingering in the campers’ minds.
这场猛烈的暴风雨是否会在黄昏前平息，这个令人不安的问题一直萦绕在露营者的脑海中。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，渲染 “紧张氛围”，适配读后续写 “危机场景” 描写
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It is whispered among the villagers that the elderly elder residing at the village corner holds the secret of the centuries-old ancient tree.
村民们中间私下流传着，住在村角的那位年长长者知道那棵百年古树的秘密。
要求：改为直接主语从句，引出 “线索人物”，适配读后续写 “情节推进” 段落
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That we place mutual trust in one another and collaborate closely to escape the dense forest is the key to our survival.
我们彼此互相信任，紧密合作以逃离这片茂密的森林，这是我们生存的关键。
要求：用 whoever 改写主语从句（突出 “团队协作”），适配读后续写 “团队困境” 解决段落
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IV. 句子翻译（共 20 题）
第一部分：应用文场景（书信、通知、建议信等）
我们是否需要在毕业季组织一场义卖活动来筹集班级毕业旅行的费用，仍需全体同学投票决定。（whether 引导主语从句，句首，适配 “班级活动建议信”）
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据通知，学校下周三将举办一场关于 “职业生涯规划” 的专题讲座，所有高三学生必须参加。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “校园通知”）
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很重要的一点是，我们在给外国笔友写邮件时应注意文化差异，避免产生误解。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，虚拟语气，适配 “书信写作指导”）
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无论谁负责此次学校文化节的舞台设计，都需在本周五前提交详细的设计方案给学生会。（whoever 引导主语从句，适配 “文化节筹备通知”）
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学校是否会为参加省级英语演讲比赛的同学提供专业培训，是我们目前最关心的问题。（whether 引导主语从句，适配 “比赛申请咨询信”）
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人们普遍认为，积极参与社区志愿服务不仅能帮助他人，还能提升我们的社会责任感。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “社会实践报告”）
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我们班在筹备校庆晚会时需要改进的是节目流程的衔接，确保晚会顺利进行。（what 引导主语从句，表语单数→谓语单数，适配 “校庆晚会筹备建议”）
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据证实，学校图书馆将从下周一起延长开放时间至晚上九点，以满足学生的学习需求。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “图书馆服务调整通知”）
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无论选择哪种方式提交社会实践报告（线上或线下），都需确保内容真实、格式规范。（whichever 引导主语从句，适配 “社会实践报告提交说明”）
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他为什么在申请国外交换生项目时选择了环境工程专业，在他的个人陈述中并未详细说明。（why 引导主语从句，适配 “交换生申请材料分析”）
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第二部分：读后续写场景（情感、动作、场景描写）
当看到妈妈冒雨送来忘记带的校服时，小女孩眼里含着泪冲进教室，这让全班同学都很感动。（that 引导主语从句，适配 “亲情类读后续写 情感转折”）
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很明显，那个迷路的小男孩在森林里待了一整晚后，已经又冷又怕，浑身发抖。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “冒险类读后续写 场景描写”）
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无论谁在雪地里发现了那只受伤的小鸟，都会小心翼翼地把它捧在手心，带回温暖的地方。（whoever 引导主语从句，适配 “温情类读后续写 动作描写”）
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暴风雨是否会在天黑前停止，这个问题一直萦绕在露营者的心头，让他们无法安心搭建帐篷。（whether 引导主语从句，适配 “户外冒险类读后续写 危机氛围”）
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他如何在短时间内学会了骑自行车，并且能带着妹妹安全地穿梭在小巷里，是妹妹一直好奇的事。（how 引导主语从句，适配 “成长类读后续写 情节疑问”）
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当老人把珍藏多年的旧照片递给女孩，讲述照片背后的故事时，女孩内心涌起的温暖感难以用语言形容。（that 引导主语从句，适配 “怀旧类读后续写 情感升华”）
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无论我们在寻找失踪的小狗时遇到什么困难，都不会放弃，直到找到它为止。（whatever 引导主语从句，适配 “宠物类读后续写 坚持主题”）
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很遗憾，那个曾经充满欢声笑语的老磨坊如今已经荒废，只剩下断壁残垣，让人感慨时光流逝。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “怀旧类读后续写 环境描写”）
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消防员们如何在浓烟滚滚的大楼里救出被困的一家三口，成为了小镇居民饭后讨论的热门话题。（how 引导主语从句，适配 “英雄类读后续写 情节聚焦”）
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我们在困境中互相鼓励、彼此支持，最终成功走出困境，这是这次野外生存训练中最宝贵的收获。（that 引导主语从句，适配 “团队类读后续写 主题升华”）
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V. 短文填空（共 2 篇，每篇 10 空）
短文 1：校园 “绿色环保周” 活动筹备
Our school plans to launch a "Green Environmental Protection Week" next month, and 1. ______________ we can make this event influential among students depends on three key factors. First, 2. ______________ we should focus on raising awareness through lectures or organizing practical activities (such as tree-planting) needs further discussion. The student union suggests 3. ______________ we invite an expert from the local environmental protection bureau to give a keynote speech, but 4. ______________ the expert is available on our scheduled date remains uncertain.
Second, 5. ______________ will be in charge of collecting recyclable waste (like paper and plastic bottles) during the week needs to be decided by the class representatives. It is essential that whoever takes this role 6. ______________ (develop) a detailed collection plan to ensure efficiency. Additionally, 7. ______________ we can collaborate with the community to promote environmental protection outside the campus is a question worth considering—this will help expand the event’s impact.
Finally, 8. ______________ interesting prizes we prepare for students who actively participate in the activities should be related to green living (such as eco-friendly bags or seed packets). It is widely believed 9. ______________ small incentives can greatly boost students’ enthusiasm. In the end, 10. ______________ the "Green Environmental Protection Week" will achieve its goal of fostering students’ environmental awareness relies on the joint efforts of all teachers and students.
短文 2：传统手工艺进校园活动
To inherit traditional Chinese craftsmanship, our school is organizing a "Traditional Handicraft Day" this semester. 1. ______________ we will introduce embroidery, paper-cutting, or bamboo-weaving to students is still under debate—each craft has its unique cultural value. The art teacher proposes 2. ______________ we invite local craftsmen to demonstrate the production process, but 3. ______________ the craftsmen are willing to spare time for our school needs to be confirmed by the school office.
Moreover, 4. ______________ class will be assigned to learn each craft depends on students’ interests. We plan to conduct a survey to find out 5. ______________ the majority of students are more interested in. It is suggested that 6. ______________ we arrange 40-minute hands-on sessions for each craft to ensure students can gain practical experience. However, 7. ______________ we have enough space in the art studio to accommodate all participants is a potential problem.
Another concern is 8. ______________ we can document the event through videos or photos to share on the school’s official WeChat account. It is important that whoever is responsible for recording 9. ______________ (master) basic photography skills. Finally, 10. ______________ the "Traditional Handicraft Day" will inspire students to appreciate traditional culture is what all organizers are looking forward to seeing.主语从句专项练习
I. 语法填空
第一组：基础练习
__________ he will be selected as the captain of the school basketball team depends on his leadership skills and teamwork spirit.
It is vital that we __________ (develop) a good habit of time management to balance study and extracurricular activities.
__________ surprised the whole class was that our monitor won the first prize in the national English writing competition.
It __________ (report) that the government will invest more funds in improving the infrastructure of rural middle schools next year.
__________ volunteers to help organize the school’s 60th anniversary celebration will receive a commemorative badge.
__________ the new intelligent teaching system will be put into use in our school this semester is still being tested by the IT department.
It is strange that she __________ (not reply) to our team’s email about the group project until now.
__________ the research team managed to make a breakthrough in renewable energy technology has attracted widespread attention.
It __________ (confirm) that the International Youth Science Forum will be held in our city in October.
__________ violates the regulations of the school library (such as littering or scribbling) will be banned from entering for a month.
__________ we should focus on improving academic performance or developing practical skills is a topic debated by educators.
It is necessary that all participants __________ (register) for the summer camp before the end of this month.
__________ the local museum will launch free admission for students on weekends remains to be announced.
It __________ (believe) that reading classic literature works can enhance students’ cultural literacy and critical thinking.
__________ helps the elderly cross the road or carry heavy things in the community will be praised on the neighborhood noticeboard.
__________ the art festival will be held indoors or outdoors depends on the weather forecast for next weekend.
It is a pity that we __________ (miss) the opportunity to visit the famous historical relics due to the sudden rain last Sunday.
__________ the factory will switch to more eco-friendly production methods to reduce carbon emissions is what the public cares about.
It __________ (announce) that our school will cooperate with a foreign high school to carry out student exchange programs.
__________ suitable theme we choose for the class cultural wall should reflect the spirit of our generation.
__________ he suddenly changed his mind about studying abroad still puzzles his parents and teachers.
It is important that students __________ (learn) to distinguish between true and false information in the age of the Internet.
__________ the new subway line will connect our residential area to the city center will greatly affect our daily commute.
It __________ (prove) that regular participation in sports activities can reduce the risk of mental health problems among teenagers.
__________ is responsible for checking the safety of the laboratory equipment every day needs to fill in a detailed record form.
__________ we can successfully hold the inter-school debate competition as scheduled relies on the support of all participating schools.
It is suggested that the school __________ (offer) more courses on traditional Chinese culture, such as calligraphy and paper-cutting.
__________ the famous astronaut will give a lecture on space exploration to our students has excited everyone in the school.
It __________ (expect) that the number of students majoring in green energy-related subjects will increase in the next five years.
__________ difficulties we may encounter in completing the scientific research project, we should stick to our original goal.
答案及解析
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，句首主语从句不可用 if）
句意：他能否被选为学校篮球队队长，取决于他的领导能力和团队合作精神。
解析：从句位于句首，且语义表 “是否”，语法规则中 if 不可用于句首主语从句，只能用 whether，因此填 Whether。
答案：(should) develop
考点：虚拟语气（It is vital that... 从句用 should + 动词原形，should 可省略）
句意：我们养成良好的时间管理习惯以平衡学习和课外活动，这一点至关重要。
解析：“It is vital/important/necessary that...” 结构中，从句需用虚拟语气，形式为 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略，因此填 (should) develop。
答案：What
考点：引导词（what 在从句中作主语，表 “…… 的事情”）
句意：让全班惊讶的是，我们班长在全国英语写作比赛中获得了一等奖。
解析：从句 “__________ surprised the whole class” 缺少主语，需用能充当主语的引导词；what 可表 “…… 的事情”，既连接从句又作主语，that 不充当成分，因此填 What。
答案：is reported
考点：时态语态（It is reported that... 固定句型，被动语态）
句意：据报道，政府明年将投入更多资金改善农村中学的基础设施。
解析：“It is reported that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “据报道”，主语 it 为形式主语，从句表客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此填 is reported。
答案：Whoever
考点：-ever 系列（whoever=anyone who，表泛指，在从句中作主语）
句意：无论谁志愿帮忙组织学校 60 周年校庆活动，都将获得一枚纪念徽章。
解析：从句语义表 “泛指所有志愿者”，whoever=“anyone who”，可在从句中作主语；who 表特指 “某个人”，不符合 “所有志愿者” 的语境，因此填 Whoever。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，从句含 “测试中” 的不确定语境）
句意：这套新的智能教学系统本学期是否会在我校投入使用，仍在由 IT 部门测试。
解析：从句语义表 “是否投入使用”，且位于句首，if 不可用于句首主语从句，需用 whether，因此填 Whether。
答案：has not replied
考点：时态（until now 提示用现在完成时，强调 “到目前为止” 的动作）
句意：奇怪的是，到目前为止她还没有回复我们团队关于小组项目的邮件。
解析：时间状语 “until now”（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，强调动作持续至今，“未回复” 用否定形式 “has not replied”，因此填 has not replied。
答案：That
考点：引导词（that 不充当成分，仅连接完整从句）
句意：该研究团队在可再生能源技术方面取得突破，这引起了广泛关注。
解析：从句 “the research team managed to make a breakthrough...” 成分完整、语义明确，只需用 that 连接，不充当任何成分，因此填 That。
答案：is confirmed
考点：时态语态（It is confirmed that... 固定句型，被动语态）
句意：已确认，国际青年科学论坛将于 10 月在我市举办。
解析：“It is confirmed that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “已确认”，时态用一般现在时，因此填 is confirmed。
答案：Whoever
考点：-ever 系列（whoever 表 “无论谁”，泛指所有违规者）
句意：无论谁违反学校图书馆规定（如乱扔垃圾或乱涂乱画），都将被禁止入内一个月。
解析：从句语义表 “泛指所有违规者”，whoever 可在从句中作主语，who 表特指，不符合语境，因此填 Whoever。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，与 or 搭配表选择）
句意：我们应该聚焦提升学业成绩还是培养实践能力，这是教育工作者争论的话题。
解析：从句中 “or” 表选择关系，语法规则中表选择的 “是否” 需用 whether，构成 “whether...or...” 搭配，if 不可与 or 连用，因此填 Whether。
答案：(should) register
考点：虚拟语气（It is necessary that... 从句用虚拟语气）
句意：所有夏令营参与者必须在本月底前报名，这一点很有必要。
解析：“It is necessary that...” 结构中，从句需用 “should + 动词原形” 的虚拟语气，should 可省略，因此填 (should) register。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，从句含 “待宣布” 的不确定语境）
句意：当地博物馆是否会在周末对学生免费开放，仍有待宣布。
解析：从句语义表 “是否免费开放”，位于句首，if 不可用于句首主语从句，需用 whether，因此填 Whether。
答案：is believed
考点：时态语态（It is believed that... 固定句型，被动语态）
句意：人们认为，阅读经典文学作品能提升学生的文化素养和批判性思维。
解析：“It is believed that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “人们认为”，时态用一般现在时，因此填 is believed。
答案：Whoever
考点：-ever 系列（whoever 表 “无论谁”，泛指所有做好事的人）
句意：无论谁在社区里帮助老人过马路或提重物，都会在社区公告栏上受到表扬。
解析：从句语义表 “泛指所有做好事的人”，whoever 可在从句中作主语；whomever 仅作宾语，此处缺主语，因此填 Whoever。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 与 or 连用表 “是…… 还是……”）
句意：艺术节将在室内还是室外举办，取决于下周末的天气预报。
解析：从句中 “indoors or outdoors” 表选择，需用 whether 与 or 搭配，if 不可与 or 连用，因此填 Whether。
答案：missed
考点：时态（last Sunday 提示用一般过去时，表过去发生的动作）
句意：很遗憾，上周日因为突然下雨，我们错过了参观著名历史遗迹的机会。
解析：时间状语 “last Sunday”（上周日）提示动作发生在过去，用一般过去时 “missed”，因此填 missed。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，从句含 “环保措施” 的公共关注话题）
句意：该工厂是否会改用更环保的生产方式以减少碳排放，是公众关心的问题。
解析：从句语义表 “是否改用环保方式”，位于句首，if 不可用于句首主语从句，需用 whether，因此填 Whether。
答案：is announced
考点：时态语态（It is announced that... 固定句型，被动语态）
句意：据宣布，我校将与一所外国高中合作开展学生交流项目。
解析：“It is announced that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “据宣布”，时态用一般现在时，因此填 is announced。
答案：Whatever
考点：-ever 系列（whatever=any theme that，表 “无论什么”，在从句中作定语）
句意：我们为班级文化墙选择的任何合适主题，都应体现我们这一代的精神。
解析：从句中 “__________ suitable theme” 缺定语，修饰 theme；whatever=“any theme that”，表 “无论什么”，whichever 需有明确选择范围，此处无范围，因此填 Whatever。
答案：Why
考点：引导词（why 表 “为什么”，在从句中作原因状语）
句意：他为什么突然改变出国留学的想法，这仍然让他的父母和老师感到困惑。
解析：从句语义表 “改变想法的原因”，需用 why 引导，在从句中作原因状语，因此填 Why。
答案：(should) learn
考点：虚拟语气（It is important that... 从句用虚拟语气）
句意：在互联网时代，学生学会区分真假信息，这一点很重要。
解析：“It is important that...” 结构中，从句需用 “should + 动词原形” 的虚拟语气，should 可省略，因此填 (should) learn。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，从句含 “影响通勤” 的现实关联）
句意：新地铁线路是否会将我们的居民区与市中心连接起来，将极大影响我们的日常通勤。
解析：从句语义表 “是否连接居民区与市中心”，位于句首，if 不可用于句首主语从句，需用 whether，因此填 Whether。
答案：has been proved
考点：时态语态（It has been proved that... 表 “已被证实”，现在完成时被动语态）
句意：已有证据表明，定期参与体育活动能降低青少年心理健康问题的风险。
解析：“已被证实” 强调动作完成且对现在有影响，用现在完成时被动语态 “has been proved”，因此填 has been proved。
答案：Whoever
考点：-ever 系列（whoever 表 “无论谁”，在从句中作主语，指代负责人）
句意：无论谁负责每天检查实验室设备的安全，都需要填写详细的记录表。
解析：从句语义表 “泛指所有负责人”，whoever 可在从句中作主语；who 表特指，不符合语境，因此填 Whoever。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，从句含 “依赖支持” 的不确定因素）
句意：我们能否按计划成功举办校际辩论赛，取决于所有参赛学校的支持。
解析：从句语义表 “是否能成功举办”，位于句首，if 不可用于句首主语从句，需用 whether，因此填 Whether。
答案：(should) offer
考点：虚拟语气（It is suggested that... 从句用虚拟语气）
句意：有人建议学校开设更多关于中国传统文化的课程，如书法和剪纸。
解析：“It is suggested that...” 结构中，从句需用 “should + 动词原形” 的虚拟语气，should 可省略，因此填 (should) offer。
答案：That
考点：引导词（that 不充当成分，连接完整从句）
句意：这位著名航天员将给我们学生做一场关于太空探索的讲座，这让全校都很兴奋。
解析：从句 “the famous astronaut will give a lecture...” 成分完整、语义明确，只需用 that 连接，不充当任何成分，因此填 That。
答案：is expected
考点：时态语态（It is expected that... 固定句型，被动语态）
句意：预计未来五年内，主修绿色能源相关专业的学生人数将会增加。
解析：“It is expected that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “预计”，时态用一般现在时，因此填 is expected。
答案：Whatever
考点：-ever 系列（whatever=any difficulties that，表 “无论什么”，在从句中作定语）
句意：在完成科研项目的过程中，无论我们遇到什么困难，都应坚持最初的目标。
解析：从句中 “__________ difficulties” 缺定语，修饰 difficulties；whatever=“any difficulties that”，表 “无论什么”；however 修饰形容词 / 副词，此处修饰名词，因此填 Whatever。
第二组：进阶练习（共 20 题）
__________ team can develop a more efficient method to recycle electronic waste will win the national youth innovation award this year.
It is requested that the research group __________ (submit) a detailed progress report on the AI-based teaching project by the end of this month.
__________ the ancient traditional craft of making blue-and-white porcelain can be passed down to younger generations depends on the joint efforts of craftsmen and local government.
It __________ (acknowledge) that the number of young people choosing to engage in rural education has increased significantly over the past five years.
__________ of the two proposed plans for the school sports center reconstruction is more feasible still needs to be evaluated by professional architects.
It is strange that he __________ (not inform) his teacher of the reason for his absence from the important academic seminar last week.
__________ the newly built satellite can accurately collect data on global climate change has been confirmed by the national space agency.
It is essential that students __________ (equip) with the ability to think critically rather than just memorize knowledge in the information age.
__________ helped the elderly villagers set up online stores to sell local agricultural products was highly praised by the county government.
It __________ (reveal) in the latest survey that over 60% of high school students hope to have more courses related to career planning.
__________ we should prioritize economic development or environmental protection in less developed areas is a complex issue debated by experts.
It is suggested that more public facilities __________ (build) in residential communities to meet the daily needs of the elderly.
__________ the famous writer will publish a new novel based on his experiences in western China this year remains a hot topic among his readers.
It __________ (prove) repeatedly that regular reading of classic works can improve students’ language expression and literary appreciation.
__________ difficulties we may face in promoting the use of clean energy in remote areas, we must stick to the long-term goal of carbon neutrality.
__________ the international exchange program will be held offline as planned depends on the global epidemic situation.
It is a requirement that all participants __________ (wear) the official uniform during the national debate competition.
__________ invented the new type of energy-saving lamp to reduce electricity consumption has not been made public yet.
It __________ (announce) yesterday that the school will postpone the mid-term exam due to the sudden campus renovation.
__________ advice the career counselor gives to senior students should be combined with their personal interests and strengths.
答案及解析
答案：Whichever
考点：引导词（whichever 与 which 区分）
句意：无论哪支团队能研发出更高效的电子垃圾回收方法，都将赢得今年的全国青年创新奖。
解析：题干隐含 “多支团队中的任一”，表 “无论哪一个” 且有选择范围，用 whichever；which 无 “无论” 泛指义，故填 Whichever。
答案：(should) submit
考点：虚拟语气（It is requested that... 从句规则）
句意：要求研究小组在本月底前提交一份关于人工智能教学项目的详细进度报告。
解析：“It is requested that...” 后接虚拟语气，需用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略，故填 (should) submit。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，句首主语从句）
句意：青花瓷器制作这门古老的传统工艺能否传承给年轻一代，取决于工匠和当地政府的共同努力。
解析：从句表 “是否” 且位于句首，if 不可用于句首主语从句，故填 Whether。
答案：is acknowledged
考点：时态语态（It is acknowledged that... 固定句型）
句意：众所周知，过去五年里，选择投身农村教育的年轻人数量显著增加。
解析：“It is acknowledged that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “众所周知”，时态用一般现在时，故填 is acknowledged。
答案：Which
考点：引导词（which 与 whichever 区分）
句意：学校体育中心重建的两个拟议方案中，哪一个更可行，仍需专业建筑师评估。
解析：题干限定 “两个方案中的一个”，表 “哪一个” 且无 “无论” 泛指义，用 which；whichever 表泛指，故填 Which。
答案：did not inform
考点：时态（过去时间状语与一般过去时）
句意：奇怪的是，上周他没有把缺席重要学术研讨会的原因告知老师。
解析：时间状语 “last week” 提示动作发生在过去，否定式用 “did not inform”，故填 did not inform。
答案：That
考点：引导词（that 连接完整从句）
句意：新建卫星能精准收集全球气候变化数据，已得到国家航天局的确认。
解析：从句 “the newly built satellite can accurately collect data...” 成分完整，用 that 连接，故填 That。
答案：(should) be equipped
考点：虚拟语气（被动语态结合）
句意：在信息时代，学生必须具备批判性思维能力，而不仅仅是记忆知识，这一点至关重要。
解析：“It is essential that...” 后接虚拟语气，且 “students” 与 “equip” 是被动关系，需用 “should be equipped”，should 可省略，故填 (should) be equipped。
答案：Whoever
考点：-ever 系列（whoever 与 who 区分）
句意：无论谁帮助老年村民搭建网店销售当地农产品，都受到了县政府的高度赞扬。
解析：从句表 “泛指所有帮助者”，whoever=“anyone who”，可作主语；who 表特指，故填 Whoever。
答案：is revealed
考点：时态语态（It is revealed that... 固定句型）
句意：最新调查显示，超过 60% 的高中生希望有更多与职业规划相关的课程。
解析：“It is revealed that...” 是固定被动句型，表 “据显示”，时态用一般现在时，故填 is revealed。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 与 if 区分，与 or 搭配）
句意：在欠发达地区，我们应优先发展经济还是保护环境，这是专家们争论的复杂问题。
解析：从句含 “or” 表选择，表选择的 “是否” 需用 whether，if 不可与 or 连用，故填 Whether。
答案：(should) be built
考点：虚拟语气（被动语态结合）
句意：有人建议在居民社区建设更多公共设施，以满足老年人的日常需求。
解析：“It is suggested that...” 后接虚拟语气，“public facilities” 与 “build” 是被动关系，需用 “should be built”，should 可省略，故填 (should) be built。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，含未确定语境）
句意：这位著名作家今年是否会根据他在西部的经历出版一部新小说，仍是他读者中的热门话题。
解析：从句表 “是否出版”，且 “remains a hot topic” 提示未确定，句首用 whether，故填 Whether。
答案：has been proved
考点：时态语态（现在完成时被动）
句意：反复证明，经常阅读经典作品能提升学生的语言表达和文学鉴赏能力。
解析：“repeatedly” 提示动作完成且对现在有影响，用现在完成时被动语态 “has been proved”，故填 has been proved。
答案：Whatever
考点：-ever 系列（whatever 与 however 区分）
句意：在偏远地区推广清洁能源使用的过程中，无论我们面临什么困难，都必须坚持碳中和的长期目标。
解析：“difficulties” 是名词，需用 whatever（修饰名词）；however 修饰形容词 / 副词，故填 Whatever。
答案：Whether
考点：引导词（whether 表 “是否”，含条件依赖）
句意：国际交流项目是否会按计划线下举办，取决于全球疫情形势。
解析：从句表 “是否举办”，且依赖疫情形势（未确定），句首用 whether，故填 Whether。
答案：(should) wear
考点：虚拟语气（It is a requirement that... 从句规则）
句意：要求所有参与者在全国辩论赛期间穿着官方制服。
解析：“It is a requirement that...” 后接虚拟语气，需用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略，故填 (should) wear。
答案：Whoever
考点：-ever 系列（whoever 表泛指）
句意：谁发明了这种新型节能灯以降低耗电量，尚未公开。
解析：从句表 “泛指发明者”，无特指对象，用 whoever；who 表特指，故填 Whoever。
答案：was announced
考点：时态语态（过去时间状语与一般过去时被动）
句意：昨天宣布，由于校园突然翻新，学校将推迟期中考试。
解析：时间状语 “yesterday” 提示过去时，“It” 与 “announce” 是被动关系，用 “was announced”，故填 was announced。
答案：Whatever
考点：-ever 系列（whatever 修饰名词）
句意：职业顾问给高中生的任何建议，都应结合他们的个人兴趣和优势。
解析：“advice” 是名词，需用 whatever（修饰名词，表 “无论什么”）；however 修饰形容词 / 副词，故填 Whatever。
II. 单句改错（共 10 题，每句 1 处错误）
If she will participate in the academic lecture hosted by the renowned university professor is still unknown.
It is crucial that a senior student masters independent learning strategies before entering a key university.
When will the student union hold the annual New Year gala is not decided yet by the school administration.
The fact what our class won the first prize in the inter-school group debate competition made all of us proud.
Who contributes to the class charity donation activity will be praised by the head teacher in the weekly assembly.
If we can complete the group research project on time depends on the effective cooperation among team members.
It is important that every student learns to distinguish between true and false information in the era of the Internet.
Why did he refuse to join the school football team that has won multiple championships is a mystery to his friends.
The news what the school will construct a new multi-functional playground spread quickly among students.
Who volunteers to assist in organizing the school sports meeting will be awarded a small gift by the PE department.
答案及解析
错误：If→Whether
解析：句首主语从句表 “是否”，不可用 if，需改为 whether。
错误：masters→(should) master
解析：It is crucial that... 中，形容词表 “关键的”，从句需用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形，should 可省略）。
错误：will the student union hold→the student union will hold
解析：主语从句需用陈述句语序，不可用疑问句语序。
错误：what→that
解析：从句 “our class won the first prize...” 成分完整、含义明确，无需 what 作成分，用 that 连接。
错误：Who→Whoever
解析：表 “无论谁为班级慈善捐赠活动做贡献”，是泛指，用 whoever；who 表特指 “谁”，不符合 “所有贡献者都受表扬” 的语境。
错误：If→Whether
解析：句首主语从句表 “是否能按时完成项目”，不可用 if，需改为 whether。
错误：learns→(should) learn
解析：It is important that... 中，形容词表 “重要的”，从句需用虚拟语气。
错误：did he refuse→he refused
解析：主语从句需用陈述句语序，将疑问句语序 “did he refuse” 改为陈述句语序 “he refused”。
错误：what→that
解析：从句 “the school will construct a new playground” 成分完整，用 that 连接，what 需作成分，此处无需。
错误：Who→Whoever
解析：表 “无论谁志愿协助组织运动会”，是泛指，用 whoever；who 表特指，不符合语境。
III. 句型转换
第一部分：应用文场景（书信、通知、建议信等）
That we should launch a charity book drive to raise funds for students in underdeveloped rural areas is proposed in your letter.
你的信中提议，我们应发起一场慈善图书募集活动，为欠发达农村地区的学生筹集资金。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，适配 “建议信回复” 场景
→ It is proposed in your letter that we should launch a charity book drive to raise funds for students in underdeveloped rural areas.
Whether our school will secure approval for our application to host the English drama competition is our primary concern.
我们学校是否会批准我们举办英语戏剧比赛的申请，是我们最关心的事。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，适配 “活动申请信” 结尾
→ It is our primary concern whether our school will secure approval for our application to host the English drama competition.
It is officially announced that the deadline for submitting volunteer application forms will be extended to next Friday.
官方通知称，志愿者申请表的提交截止日期将延长至下周五。
要求：改为直接主语从句，适配 “校园通知” 正文
→ That the deadline for submitting volunteer application forms will be extended to next Friday is officially announced.
That we are required to prepare 50 copies of the detailed activity plan for the upcoming meeting is essential.
我们被要求为即将召开的会议准备 50 份详细的活动方案，这一点至关重要。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，适配 “会议筹备通知”
→ It is essential that we are required to prepare 50 copies of the detailed activity plan for the upcoming meeting.
That we select a quiet and well-lit classroom for the study group’s in-depth discussion has been consented to by all members.
我们选择一间安静且光线充足的教室用于学习小组的深入讨论，全体成员已同意此事。
要求：用 whoever 改写主语从句（突出 “全体共识”），适配 “学习小组建议信”
→ Whoever consents to selecting a quiet and well-lit classroom for the study group’s in-depth discussion includes all members.
It is widely acknowledged that engaging in community service initiatives can help us foster a strong sense of social responsibility.
人们普遍认为，参与社区服务活动有助于我们培养强烈的社会责任感。
要求：改为直接主语从句，适配 “社会实践报告” 开头
→ That engaging in community service initiatives can help us foster a strong sense of social responsibility is widely acknowledged.
Whether we will organize a guided tour to the local history museum during the upcoming winter vacation is to be deliberated in the class meeting.
即将到来的寒假期间，我们是否组织一场前往当地历史博物馆的有向导游览，将在班会上讨论。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，适配 “班会通知” 标题下方导语
→ It is to be deliberated in the class meeting whether we will organize a guided tour to the local history museum during the upcoming winter vacation.
第二部分：读后续写场景（情感、动作、场景描写）
That Tom abruptly dashed out of the classroom, tears streaming down his cheeks, took all his classmates by surprise.
汤姆突然冲出教室，眼泪顺着脸颊流下，这让所有同学都感到意外。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，突出 “突发场景的意外感”，适配读后续写 “情感转折” 段落
→ It took all his classmates by surprise that Tom abruptly dashed out of the classroom, tears streaming down his cheeks.
Whether Lily would grant him forgiveness for forgetting her 16th birthday weighed heavily on his mind throughout the night.
莉莉是否会原谅他忘记了她的 16 岁生日，这件事整晚都沉重地压在他的心头。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，强化 “人物内心焦虑”，适配读后续写 “心理描写” 部分
→ It weighed heavily on his mind throughout the night whether Lily would grant him forgiveness for forgetting her 16th birthday.
It is commonly known that the dilapidated wooden cottage at the end of the winding street has been vacant for a decade.
众所周知，那条蜿蜒街道尽头的破旧木屋已经空置了十年。
要求：改为直接主语从句，铺垫 “神秘场景”，适配读后续写 “环境描写” 开头
→ That the dilapidated wooden cottage at the end of the winding street has been vacant for a decade is commonly known.
That we trace the faint footprints in the thick snow to locate the missing puppy is the sole viable solution at present.
我们跟着厚厚的积雪中淡淡的脚印去寻找那只走失的小狗，这是目前唯一可行的办法。
要求：用 whatever 改写主语从句（突出 “别无选择”），适配读后续写 “动作衔接” 段落
→ Whatever means we adopt to trace the faint footprints in the thick snow to locate the missing puppy is the sole viable solution at present.
That the little girl offered him a steaming cup of milk when he was trembling with cold melted his heart instantly.
当他冻得浑身发抖时，小女孩递给他一杯热气腾腾的牛奶，这瞬间融化了他的心。
要求：用 it 作形式主语，强化 “温暖瞬间的感染力”，适配读后续写 “情感升华” 部分
→ It melted his heart instantly that the little girl offered him a steaming cup of milk when he was trembling with cold.
Whether the fierce storm would subside before dusk remained an unsettling question lingering in the campers’ minds.
这场猛烈的暴风雨是否会在黄昏前平息，这个令人不安的问题一直萦绕在露营者的脑海中。
要求：改为含形式主语的句子，渲染 “紧张氛围”，适配读后续写 “危机场景” 描写
→ It remained an unsettling question lingering in the campers’ minds whether the fierce storm would subside before dusk.
It is whispered among the villagers that the elderly elder residing at the village corner holds the secret of the centuries-old ancient tree.
村民们中间私下流传着，住在村角的那位年长长者知道那棵百年古树的秘密。
要求：改为直接主语从句，引出 “线索人物”，适配读后续写 “情节推进” 段落
→ That the elderly elder residing at the village corner holds the secret of the centuries-old ancient tree is whispered among the villagers.
That we place mutual trust in one another and collaborate closely to escape the dense forest is the key to our survival.
我们彼此互相信任，紧密合作以逃离这片茂密的森林，这是我们生存的关键。
要求：用 whoever 改写主语从句（突出 “团队协作”），适配读后续写 “团队困境” 解决段落
→ Whoever places mutual trust in one another and collaborates closely to escape the dense forest holds the key to our survival.
IV. 句子翻译（共 20 题）
第一部分：应用文场景（书信、通知、建议信等）
我们是否需要在毕业季组织一场义卖活动来筹集班级毕业旅行的费用，仍需全体同学投票决定。（whether 引导主语从句，句首，适配 “班级活动建议信”）
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据通知，学校下周三将举办一场关于 “职业生涯规划” 的专题讲座，所有高三学生必须参加。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “校园通知”）
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很重要的一点是，我们在给外国笔友写邮件时应注意文化差异，避免产生误解。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，虚拟语气，适配 “书信写作指导”）
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无论谁负责此次学校文化节的舞台设计，都需在本周五前提交详细的设计方案给学生会。（whoever 引导主语从句，适配 “文化节筹备通知”）
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学校是否会为参加省级英语演讲比赛的同学提供专业培训，是我们目前最关心的问题。（whether 引导主语从句，适配 “比赛申请咨询信”）
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人们普遍认为，积极参与社区志愿服务不仅能帮助他人，还能提升我们的社会责任感。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “社会实践报告”）
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我们班在筹备校庆晚会时需要改进的是节目流程的衔接，确保晚会顺利进行。（what 引导主语从句，表语单数→谓语单数，适配 “校庆晚会筹备建议”）
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据证实，学校图书馆将从下周一起延长开放时间至晚上九点，以满足学生的学习需求。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “图书馆服务调整通知”）
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无论选择哪种方式提交社会实践报告（线上或线下），都需确保内容真实、格式规范。（whichever 引导主语从句，适配 “社会实践报告提交说明”）
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他为什么在申请国外交换生项目时选择了环境工程专业，在他的个人陈述中并未详细说明。（why 引导主语从句，适配 “交换生申请材料分析”）
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第二部分：读后续写场景（情感、动作、场景描写）
当看到妈妈冒雨送来忘记带的校服时，小女孩眼里含着泪冲进教室，这让全班同学都很感动。（that 引导主语从句，适配 “亲情类读后续写 情感转折”）
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很明显，那个迷路的小男孩在森林里待了一整晚后，已经又冷又怕，浑身发抖。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “冒险类读后续写 场景描写”）
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无论谁在雪地里发现了那只受伤的小鸟，都会小心翼翼地把它捧在手心，带回温暖的地方。（whoever 引导主语从句，适配 “温情类读后续写 动作描写”）
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暴风雨是否会在天黑前停止，这个问题一直萦绕在露营者的心头，让他们无法安心搭建帐篷。（whether 引导主语从句，适配 “户外冒险类读后续写 危机氛围”）
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他如何在短时间内学会了骑自行车，并且能带着妹妹安全地穿梭在小巷里，是妹妹一直好奇的事。（how 引导主语从句，适配 “成长类读后续写 情节疑问”）
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当老人把珍藏多年的旧照片递给女孩，讲述照片背后的故事时，女孩内心涌起的温暖感难以用语言形容。（that 引导主语从句，适配 “怀旧类读后续写 情感升华”）
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无论我们在寻找失踪的小狗时遇到什么困难，都不会放弃，直到找到它为止。（whatever 引导主语从句，适配 “宠物类读后续写 坚持主题”）
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很遗憾，那个曾经充满欢声笑语的老磨坊如今已经荒废，只剩下断壁残垣，让人感慨时光流逝。（it 作形式主语，that 引导，适配 “怀旧类读后续写 环境描写”）
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消防员们如何在浓烟滚滚的大楼里救出被困的一家三口，成为了小镇居民饭后讨论的热门话题。（how 引导主语从句，适配 “英雄类读后续写 情节聚焦”）
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我们在困境中互相鼓励、彼此支持，最终成功走出困境，这是这次野外生存训练中最宝贵的收获。（that 引导主语从句，适配 “团队类读后续写 主题升华”）
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参考答案
Whether we need to organize a charity sale during the graduation season to raise funds for the class graduation trip still needs to be voted on by all classmates.
It is announced that our school will hold a special lecture on “career planning” next Wednesday, and all senior three students must attend.
It is important that we (should) pay attention to cultural differences when writing emails to foreign pen pals to avoid misunderstandings.
Whoever is in charge of the stage design for the school cultural festival needs to submit a detailed design plan to the student union by this Friday.
Whether the school will provide professional training for students participating in the provincial English speech competition is the question we care about most at present.
It is widely believed that actively participating in community volunteer services can not only help others but also enhance our sense of social responsibility.
What our class needs to improve when preparing for the school anniversary party is the connection of the program process to ensure the party goes smoothly.
It has been confirmed that the school library will extend its opening hours to 9 p.m. from next Monday to meet students’ learning needs.
Whichever way we choose to submit the social practice report (online or offline), we must ensure the content is true and the format is standard.
Why he chose environmental engineering when applying for the foreign exchange student program was not explained in detail in his personal statement.
That the little girl rushed into the classroom with tears in her eyes when she saw her mother bringing the forgotten school uniform in the rain moved all her classmates.
It was obvious that the lost little boy, who had stayed in the forest all night, was cold, scared and trembling all over.
Whoever found the injured bird in the snow would hold it carefully in their hands and take it back to a warm place.
Whether the storm would stop before dark was a question that lingered in the campers’ minds, making them unable to set up the tent at ease.
How he learned to ride a bike in a short time and could safely ride through the alleys with his sister was what his sister had always been curious about.
That the old man handed the old photos he had cherished for many years to the girl and told the story behind them made a warm feeling surge in the girl’s heart, which was hard to describe in words.
Whatever difficulties we may encounter in looking for the missing puppy, we will not give up until we find it.
It is a pity that the old mill, which was once full of laughter and joy, is now abandoned, leaving only broken walls, making people sigh for the passage of time.
How the firefighters rescued the trapped family of three from the building filled with thick smoke became a hot topic among the town residents after meals.
That we encouraged and supported each other in difficult times and finally succeeded in getting out of the predicament is the most precious gain from this wilderness survival training.
V. 短文填空（共 2 篇，每篇 10 空）
短文 1：校园 “绿色环保周” 活动筹备
Our school plans to launch a "Green Environmental Protection Week" next month, and 1. ______________ we can make this event influential among students depends on three key factors. First, 2. ______________ we should focus on raising awareness through lectures or organizing practical activities (such as tree-planting) needs further discussion. The student union suggests 3. ______________ we invite an expert from the local environmental protection bureau to give a keynote speech, but 4. ______________ the expert is available on our scheduled date remains uncertain.
Second, 5. ______________ will be in charge of collecting recyclable waste (like paper and plastic bottles) during the week needs to be decided by the class representatives. It is essential that whoever takes this role 6. ______________ (develop) a detailed collection plan to ensure efficiency. Additionally, 7. ______________ we can collaborate with the community to promote environmental protection outside the campus is a question worth considering—this will help expand the event’s impact.
Finally, 8. ______________ interesting prizes we prepare for students who actively participate in the activities should be related to green living (such as eco-friendly bags or seed packets). It is widely believed 9. ______________ small incentives can greatly boost students’ enthusiasm. In the end, 10. ______________ the "Green Environmental Protection Week" will achieve its goal of fostering students’ environmental awareness relies on the joint efforts of all teachers and students.
短文 2：传统手工艺进校园活动
To inherit traditional Chinese craftsmanship, our school is organizing a "Traditional Handicraft Day" this semester. 1. ______________ we will introduce embroidery, paper-cutting, or bamboo-weaving to students is still under debate—each craft has its unique cultural value. The art teacher proposes 2. ______________ we invite local craftsmen to demonstrate the production process, but 3. ______________ the craftsmen are willing to spare time for our school needs to be confirmed by the school office.
Moreover, 4. ______________ class will be assigned to learn each craft depends on students’ interests. We plan to conduct a survey to find out 5. ______________ the majority of students are more interested in. It is suggested that 6. ______________ we arrange 40-minute hands-on sessions for each craft to ensure students can gain practical experience. However, 7. ______________ we have enough space in the art studio to accommodate all participants is a potential problem.
Another concern is 8. ______________ we can document the event through videos or photos to share on the school’s official WeChat account. It is important that whoever is responsible for recording 9. ______________ (master) basic photography skills. Finally, 10. ______________ the "Traditional Handicraft Day" will inspire students to appreciate traditional culture is what all organizers are looking forward to seeing.
答案及解析
短文 1：校园 “绿色环保周” 活动筹备
答案：Whether
解析：此处引导主语从句，表达 “是否” 的含义，且位于句首。语法规则中，if 不能引导句首主语从句，只能用 whether，符合 “活动能否在学生中产生影响取决于三个关键因素” 的语境逻辑。
答案：whether
解析：从句中存在 “through lectures”（通过讲座）和 “organizing practical activities”（组织实践活动）两种选择，需用 whether 与 or 搭配表 “是…… 还是……” 的选择关系，契合 “需进一步讨论” 的语义，引导主语从句说明讨论的核心内容。
答案：that
解析：此处为宾语从句，作 “suggests” 的宾语。从句 “we invite an expert...to give a keynote speech” 句意完整、成分不缺，引导词 that 仅起连接作用，无实际语义，符合宾语从句中 “从句完整时用 that 连接” 的语法规则。
答案：whether
解析：引导主语从句，表达 “不确定性”——“专家在我们预定日期是否有空” 尚未确定，需用 whether 表 “是否”，贴合 “remains uncertain”（仍不确定）的语境，准确传递对专家时间安排的疑问。
答案：Whoever
解析：属于 -ever 系列引导词，在主语从句中作主语，表 “无论谁”，泛指 “负责收集可回收垃圾的人”。该词涵盖所有可能的负责人选，符合 “需由班干部决定负责人” 的泛指语境，同时满足从句对主语成分的需求。
答案：(should) develop
解析：此处为虚拟语气用法。固定句型 “It is essential that...”（…… 是必要的）后接从句时，从句需用 “(should)+ 动词原形” 的虚拟结构，“develop a detailed collection plan”（制定详细收集计划）是 “确保效率” 的必要动作，符合该虚拟语气规则。
答案：whether
解析：引导主语从句，表达 “是否能与社区合作” 的疑问，属于 “值得考虑的问题”。whether 在此处表 “是否”，精准传递对 “校园外环保推广合作可能性” 的探讨，契合 “expand the event’s impact”（扩大活动影响）的潜在需求。
答案：Whatever
解析：为 -ever 系列引导词，修饰名词 “interesting prizes”（有趣的奖品），在主语从句中作定语，表 “无论什么”，涵盖所有与绿色生活相关的奖品类型，符合 “奖品需贴合绿色生活主题” 的语境，同时满足从句对定语成分的需求。
答案：that
解析：此处为固定句型 “It is widely believed that...”（人们普遍认为……），that 引导主语从句（从句实际为主语，it 为形式主语）。从句 “small incentives can greatly boost students’ enthusiasm” 句意完整、成分不缺，that 仅起连接作用，无实际语义，符合该句型的语法结构。
答案：whether
解析：引导主语从句，表达 “‘绿色环保周’能否实现培养学生环保意识这一目标” 的疑问，总结活动成功的核心取决于师生共同努力。whether 在此处表 “是否”，贴合全文对活动效果的总结语境，同时符合 “句首主语从句表疑问用 whether” 的规则。
短文 2：传统手工艺进校园活动
答案：Which
解析：引导主语从句，表 “哪一个”，且存在明确选择范围 ——“embroidery, paper-cutting, or bamboo-weaving”（刺绣、剪纸、竹编）三种手工艺。该词精准传递 “选择哪一种手工艺介绍给学生仍在讨论中” 的语义，符合 “有具体选项可供选择” 的语境逻辑。
答案：that
解析：此处为宾语从句，作 “proposes”（提议）的宾语。从句 “we invite local craftsmen to demonstrate the production process” 句意完整、成分不缺，引导词 that 仅起连接作用，无实际语义，符合 “动词后接完整宾语从句用 that 连接” 的语法规则。
答案：whether
解析：引导主语从句，表达 “不确定性”——“手工艺人是否愿意为学校抽出时间” 尚未确定，需用 whether 表 “是否”，契合 “needs to be confirmed by the school office”（需学校办公室确认）的语义，准确传递对手工艺人意愿的疑问。
答案：Which
解析：引导主语从句，表 “哪一个”，且限定范围为 “class”（班级）。该词精准传递 “哪个班级被分配学习每种工艺取决于学生兴趣” 的语义，符合 “有具体班级范围可供分配” 的语境，同时满足从句对主语成分的需求。
答案：what
解析：引导宾语从句，作 “find out”（查明）的宾语。从句 “the majority of students are more interested in” 中，介词 “in” 后缺少宾语，what 在此处表 “…… 的事物”，指代 “学生更感兴趣的手工艺”，符合 “通过调查了解学生兴趣方向” 的语义，同时补充从句缺失的宾语成分。
答案：that
解析：此处为固定句型 “It is suggested that...”（有人建议……），that 引导主语从句（从句实际为主语，it 为形式主语）。从句 “we arrange 40-minute hands-on sessions for each craft” 句意完整、成分不缺，that 仅起连接作用，无实际语义，符合该句型的语法结构。
答案：whether
解析：引导主语从句，表达 “是否有足够空间” 的疑问，属于 “潜在问题”。whether 在此处表 “是否”，精准传递对 “美术工作室能否容纳所有参与者” 的担忧，契合 “a potential problem”（潜在问题）的语境，同时符合 “主语从句表疑问用 whether” 的规则。
答案：whether
解析：引导表语从句，作 “is” 的表语，表达 “是否能通过视频或照片记录活动” 的疑问，属于 “另一项关注点”。whether 在此处表 “是否”，准确传递对 “活动记录方式可行性” 的考虑，契合 “share on the school’s official WeChat account”（在学校官方微信公众号分享）的潜在需求。
答案：(should) master
解析：此处为虚拟语气用法。固定句型 “It is important that...”（…… 是重要的）后接从句时，从句需用 “(should)+ 动词原形” 的虚拟结构，“master basic photography skills”（掌握基础摄影技能）是 “负责记录者” 应具备的能力，符合该虚拟语气规则，强调能力掌握的重要性。
答案：whether
解析：引导主语从句，表达 “‘传统手工艺日’能否激发学生欣赏传统文化” 的疑问，契合 “所有组织者期待看到的结果” 的语境。whether 在此处表 “是否”，精准总结活动的核心意义与组织者的期待，同时符合 “主语从句表疑问用 whether” 的规则。
