高中英语语法精练（8）— 非谓语动词综合（解析版）
I. 非谓语动词识别与类型分析（共 10 题）
请找出下列句子中的非谓语动词，标注其具体类型（不定式 to do / 现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done），并分析其语法作用（作主语 / 谓语 / 宾语 / 定语 / 状语 / 宾语补足语 / 表语）及与逻辑主语的关系（主动 / 被动、动作先后 / 同时进行）。
To master English writing skills, students need to practice organizing ideas and using proper sentence structures regularly.
The young scientist, devoting most of his time to researching renewable energy, finally made a major breakthrough last month.
The library has a large number of books written by famous authors from different countries.
Our teacher encourages us to share our thoughts freely during group discussions to promote critical thinking.
Having finished his homework, Tom went to the gym to play basketball with his classmates.
The little girl was seen picking flowers in the community garden by the security guard yesterday afternoon.
The most important thing for a student is to maintain a balanced relationship between study and rest.
Surrounded by enthusiastic fans, the famous singer waved and smiled warmly when stepping onto the stage.
My parents expect me to get admitted to a key university, so I have been working hard day and night.
Reading English news every morning is a good way to improve vocabulary and understanding of international events.
答案及解析
非谓语动词：To master（不定式）、to practice（不定式）、organizing（现在分词）、using（现在分词）
类型与作用：
To master：不定式作目的状语，表 “为了掌握”，说明 “practice” 的目的；
to practice：不定式作宾语，跟在谓语动词 “need” 后，表 “需要做的动作”；
organizing/using：现在分词作宾语，跟在固定搭配 “practice doing” 后，表 “练习的具体内容”。
逻辑关系：To master/practice/organizing/using 的逻辑主语均为 “students”，与逻辑主语是主动关系，动作均为学生主动发出。
非谓语动词：devoting（现在分词）
类型与作用：现在分词作定语，后置修饰 “The young scientist”，补充说明科学家 “投入时间研究” 的状态。
逻辑关系：逻辑主语是 “The young scientist”，与 “devote” 是主动关系（科学家主动投入时间），“devoting” 动作与主句谓语 “made” 同时进行（研究的同时取得突破）。
非谓语动词：written（过去分词）
类型与作用：过去分词作定语，后置修饰 “books”，表 “由著名作家写的书”。
逻辑关系：逻辑主语是 “books”，与 “write” 是被动关系（书被作家写），动作发生在主句谓语 “has” 之前（书先被写出来，再被图书馆拥有）。
非谓语动词：to share（不定式）、to promote（不定式）
类型与作用：
to share：不定式作宾语补足语，补充说明 “encourages us” 的具体内容（鼓励我们做的事）；
to promote：不定式作目的状语，说明 “share thoughts” 的目的（为了培养批判性思维）。
逻辑关系：to share 的逻辑主语是 “us”（我们主动分享），to promote 的逻辑主语是 “students”（分享的动作能主动促进思维），均为主动关系。
非谓语动词：Having finished（现在分词完成式）、to play（不定式）
类型与作用：
Having finished：现在分词完成式作时间状语，表 “完成作业之后”，说明 “went to the gym” 的时间背景；
to play：不定式作目的状语，表 “去健身房的目的是打篮球”。
逻辑关系：逻辑主语均为 “Tom”，Having finished 表主动（Tom 主动完成作业）且动作先于主句 “went”（先完成作业，再去打球）；to play 表主动（Tom 主动去打球）。
非谓语动词：picking（现在分词）
类型与作用：现在分词作宾语补足语，补充说明 “was seen” 的具体场景（被看到正在做的事）。
逻辑关系：逻辑主语是 “The little girl”，与 “pick” 是主动关系（女孩主动摘花），动作与 “was seen” 同时进行（看到时正在摘花）。
非谓语动词：to maintain（不定式）
类型与作用：不定式作表语，跟在系动词 “is” 后，说明 “the most important thing” 的具体内容。
逻辑关系：逻辑主语是 “a student”，与 “maintain” 是主动关系（学生主动维持平衡）。
非谓语动词：Surrounded（过去分词）、stepping（现在分词）
类型与作用：
Surrounded：过去分词作伴随状语，表 “被粉丝包围着”，补充歌手上台时的状态；
stepping：现在分词作时间状语，与 “when” 搭配，表 “当走上舞台时”。
逻辑关系：Surrounded 的逻辑主语是 “the famous singer”，与 “surround” 是被动关系（歌手被粉丝包围）；stepping 的逻辑主语也是歌手，与 “step” 是主动关系（歌手主动走上舞台），动作与 “waved and smiled” 同时进行。
非谓语动词：to get（不定式）、admitted（过去分词）
类型与作用：
to get：不定式作宾语补足语，补充 “expect me” 的内容（期待我做的事）；
admitted：过去分词作表语补足语，与 “get” 搭配（get admitted to 表 “被…… 录取”）。
逻辑关系：to get 的逻辑主语是 “me”（我主动争取录取）；admitted 的逻辑主语是 “me”，与 “admit” 是被动关系（我被大学录取）。
非谓语动词：Reading（现在分词）、to improve（不定式）
类型与作用：
Reading：现在分词作主语，表 “每天早上读英语新闻” 这件事；
to improve：不定式作定语，后置修饰 “way”，表 “提高词汇量的方法”。
逻辑关系：Reading 的逻辑主语是 “students”（学生主动读新闻）；to improve 的逻辑主语是 “a good way”（方法能主动帮助提高），均为主动关系。
II. 语法填空（共 55 题，基础 30 题 + 进阶 25 题）
第一组：基础练习（30 题）
1. The old man walked slowly, ______ (support) by his granddaughter on his arm.
答案：supported
解析： 过去分词作伴随状语，“the old man” 与 “support” 是被动关系（老人被孙女搀扶），补充说明 “walked slowly” 时的状态，故填 supported。
2. My parents often remind me ______ (not spend) too much time playing mobile phones.
答案：not to spend
解析： “remind sb. not to do sth.” 为固定搭配，不定式否定式作宾语补足语，表 “提醒某人不要做某事”，符合 “父母提醒别花太多时间玩手机” 的语义，故填 not to spend。
3. The doctor advised him ______ (take) more exercise and eat less junk food to keep healthy.
答案：to take
解析： “advise sb. to do sth.” 是固定结构，不定式作宾语补足语，表 “建议某人做某事”，此处 “建议多锻炼、少吃垃圾食品”，故填 to take。
4. ______ (be) late for school again, Tom was criticized by his head teacher.
答案：Having been
解析： 现在分词完成式作原因状语，“Tom” 与 “be late” 是主动关系，且 “再次迟到” 发生在 “被批评” 之前（先迟到后被批评），需用完成式，句首首字母大写，故填 Having been。
5. ______ (not understand) the teacher’s explanation, he asked the teacher to repeat it.
答案：Not understanding
解析： 现在分词否定式作原因状语，“he” 与 “understand” 是主动关系（他没理解），否定式在 doing 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not understanding。
6. The research team, ______ (focus) on developing new treatments for rare diseases, has published three papers in international journals this year.
答案：focusing
解析： 现在分词作定语，后置修饰 “The research team”，“team” 与 “focus” 是主动关系（团队专注于研究），补充说明团队的状态，故填 focusing。
7. ______ (compare) with traditional teaching methods, online education has more advantages in terms of flexibility and resource sharing.
答案：Compared
解析： 过去分词作状语，“online education” 与 “compare” 是被动关系（在线教育被与传统教学方法比较），“compared with” 为固定结构表 “与…… 相比”，句首首字母大写，故填 Compared。
8. The government calls on citizens ______ (reduce) food waste by adopting the "clear your plate" campaign.
答案：to reduce
解析： “call on sb. to do sth.” 是固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语，表 “号召某人做某事”，贴合 “政府号召市民减少食物浪费” 的语义，故填 to reduce。
9. The novel ______ (translate) into more than 20 languages since it was published in 2010.
答案：has been translated
解析： 现在完成被动时，“the novel” 与 “translate” 是被动关系（小说被翻译），“since 2010” 表动作从过去持续到现在，需用完成时，故填 has been translated。
10. ______ (not receive) a reply from the company, he decided to send his resume again.
答案：Not having received
解析： 现在分词完成否定式作原因状语，“he” 与 “receive” 是主动关系，且 “没收到回复” 发生在 “重发简历” 之前，否定式在 having 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not having received。
11. The ability ______ (adapt) to new environments is very important for students studying abroad.
答案：to adapt
解析： 不定式作定语，修饰 “The ability”，“the ability to do sth.” 表 “做某事的能力”，符合 “适应新环境的能力对留学生很重要” 的语义，故填 to adapt。
12. The old temple ______ (restore) now is one of the most important cultural relics in our city.
答案：being restored
解析： 现在分词被动式作定语，“the old temple” 与 “restore” 是被动关系（寺庙被修复），“now” 表动作正在进行，故填 being restored。
13. She apologized for ______ (keep) us waiting for such a long time.
答案：having kept
解析： 现在分词完成式作宾语，“keep waiting” 发生在 “apologized” 之前（先让对方等，再道歉），“apologize for doing sth.” 中用完成式体现动作先后，故填 having kept。
14. ______ (solve) this environmental problem, we need to work together with other countries.
答案：To solve
解析： 不定式作目的状语，表 “为了解决环境问题”，明确 “与其他国家合作” 的目的，句首首字母大写，故填 To solve。
15. The data ______ (collect) from the survey will be used to improve our product design.
答案：collected
解析： 过去分词作定语，“the data” 与 “collect” 是被动关系（数据被从调查中收集），补充说明数据的来源，故填 collected。
16. He was praised for ______ (donate) a large amount of money to the poor areas.
答案：having donated
解析： 现在分词完成式作宾语，“donate” 发生在 “was praised” 之前（先捐款，再被表扬），“be praised for doing sth.” 中用完成式体现动作先后，故填 having donated。
17. The student ______ (catch) cheating in the exam will be punished according to the school rules.
答案：caught
解析： 过去分词作定语，“the student” 与 “catch” 是被动关系（学生被抓到作弊），“caught cheating” 表 “被抓到作弊的”，修饰 “student”，故填 caught。
18. ______ (not have) enough experience, he found it difficult to finish the task on time.
答案：Not having
解析： 现在分词完成否定式作原因状语，“he” 与 “have” 是主动关系，且 “没足够经验” 发生在 “觉得难完成任务” 之前，否定式在 having 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not having。
19. The project ______ (complete) next year will provide more job opportunities for local people.
答案：to be completed
解析： 不定式被动式作定语，“the project” 与 “complete” 是被动关系（项目被完成），“next year” 表动作未发生，故填 to be completed。
20. She dreams of ______ (become) a famous doctor to help people with serious illnesses.
答案：becoming
解析： “dream of doing sth.” 是固定搭配（of 为介词），现在分词作宾语，表 “梦想成为一名著名医生”，故填 becoming。
21. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks even more beautiful at night.
答案：Seen
解析： 过去分词作状语，“the city” 与 “see” 是被动关系（城市从山顶被看），“seen from...” 表 “从…… 看”，句首首字母大写，故填 Seen。
22. The teacher asked us ______ (not use) mobile phones in class, as they would distract our attention.
答案：not to use
解析： “ask sb. not to do sth.” 是固定搭配，不定式否定式作宾语补足语，表 “要求某人不要做某事”，符合 “老师要求课堂别用手机” 的语义，故填 not to use。
23. The book ______ (write) by this author is widely recommended by English teachers.
答案：written
解析： 过去分词作定语，“the book” 与 “write” 是被动关系（书被该作者写），补充说明书的作者，故填 written。
24. ______ (study) hard for several months, he finally passed the college entrance examination.
答案：Having studied
解析： 现在分词完成式作时间状语，“he” 与 “study” 是主动关系，且 “努力学习数月” 发生在 “通过高考” 之前（先学习后通过），句首首字母大写，故填 Having studied。
25. The machine ______ (break) down yesterday is being repaired by the engineer now.
答案：broken
解析： 过去分词作定语，“the machine” 与 “break down” 是被动关系（机器出故障），“broken down” 表 “出故障的”，修饰 “machine”，故填 broken。
26. We are looking for someone ______ (take) charge of the marketing department.
答案：to take
解析： 不定式作定语，修饰 “someone”，表 “负责市场部的人”，“take charge of” 为固定短语，故填 to take。
27. ______ (not know) the truth, she easily believed what he said.
答案：Not knowing
解析： 现在分词否定式作原因状语，“she” 与 “know” 是主动关系（她不知道真相），否定式在 doing 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not knowing。
28. The film, ______ (star) a famous actor, has attracted a large number of audiences since its release.
答案：starring
解析： 现在分词作定语，后置修饰 “The film”，“star” 表 “由…… 主演” 时，主动形式表被动含义（电影由著名演员主演），故填 starring。
29. He regrets ______ (not take) his teacher’s advice, which made him miss a good opportunity.
答案：not taking
解析： “regret not doing sth.” 表 “后悔没做某事”（事情未做），此处 “没听老师建议” 导致错失机会，用动名词否定式作宾语，故填 not taking。
30. ______ (protect) the environment, we should use more renewable energy sources like solar power.
答案：To protect
解析： 不定式作目的状语，表 “为了保护环境”，明确 “使用可再生能源” 的目的，句首首字母大写，故填 To protect。
第二组：进阶练习（25 题）
1. The archaeologists, ______ (conduct) a systematic excavation in the ancient ruin for half a year, finally uncovered a set of bronze artifacts dating back to the Shang Dynasty.
答案：having conducted
解析： 现在分词完成式作定语，修饰 “The archaeologists”，“考古学家” 与 “conduct” 是主动关系，且 “系统挖掘半年” 发生在 “发现青铜器” 之前（先挖掘后发现），用完成式体现动作持续与先后，故填 having conducted。
2. ______ (expose) to sunlight for too long, the ancient parchment (羊皮卷) will fade gradually, so experts suggest storing it in a cool and dry environment.
答案：Exposed
解析： 过去分词作条件状语，“the ancient parchment” 与 “expose” 是被动关系（羊皮卷被暴露在阳光下），“exposed to” 表 “暴露于……”，句首首字母大写，故填 Exposed。
3. The professor encouraged his students ______ (participate) in the academic seminar, where they could exchange ideas with scholars from top universities worldwide.
答案：to participate
解析： “encourage sb. to do sth.” 为固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语；句中 “where” 引导定语从句修饰 “academic seminar”，增加句式复杂度，表 “鼓励学生参加能与全球顶尖学者交流的研讨会”，故填 to participate。
4. The new policy ______ (aim) at promoting equal access to quality education has aroused widespread attention among educators and parents.
答案：aimed
解析： 过去分词作定语，修饰 “The new policy”，“policy” 与 “aim” 是被动关系（政策以促进优质教育公平为目标，用 “be aimed at” 结构，此处省略 be 作定语），故填 aimed。
5. ______ (not have) obtained the official approval, the construction company was forced to suspend the project despite having invested a huge sum of money.
答案：Not having obtained
解析： 现在分词完成否定式作原因状语，“the construction company” 与 “obtain” 是主动关系，且 “未获官方批准” 发生在 “被迫停工” 之前，“despite having invested” 进一步强调动作先后，否定式在 having 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not having obtained。
6. The ability ______ (analyze) complex social issues from multiple perspectives is what senior high students need to develop to adapt to future academic challenges.
答案：to analyze
解析： 不定式作定语，修饰 “The ability”，句中 “what” 引导表语从句，“that” 引导定语从句修饰 “senior high students”，多重从句嵌套；“the ability to do sth.” 表 “做某事的能力”，贴合 “从多角度分析复杂社会问题的能力对高中生很重要” 的语义，故填 to analyze。
7. The historical museum ______ (undergo) a comprehensive renovation since last autumn will reopen to the public next month with advanced interactive exhibits.
答案：having been undergoing
解析： 现在分词完成进行式作定语，修饰 “The historical museum”，“博物馆” 与 “undergo” 是被动关系（博物馆被翻新），“since last autumn” 表动作从过去持续到现在且仍在进行，用完成进行式体现持续状态，故填 having been undergoing。
8. She apologized for ______ (fail) to fulfill her promise to help organize the school charity gala, as she was suddenly hospitalized due to a severe fever.
答案：having failed
解析： 现在分词完成式作宾语，“fail to fulfill” 发生在 “apologized” 之前（先未兑现承诺，再道歉），“as” 引导原因状语从句说明未兑现承诺的理由，用完成式体现动作先后，故填 having failed。
9. ______ (address) the problem of teenage anxiety, psychologists recommend that parents spend more quality time communicating with their children instead of only focusing on academic performance.
答案：To address
解析： 不定式作目的状语，表 “为了解决青少年焦虑问题”，“recommend that...” 引导宾语从句（从句用虚拟语气，此处 “spend” 为动词原形），明确心理学家建议的目的，句首首字母大写，故填 To address。
10. The statistics ______ (gather) from over 5000 respondents across 10 provinces have provided valuable insights into the changing lifestyle of modern teenagers.
答案：gathered
解析： 过去分词作定语，修饰 “The statistics”，“statistics” 与 “gather” 是被动关系（数据从 5000 名受访者中被收集），“across 10 provinces” 补充数据范围，故填 gathered。
11. The young inventor was awarded the first prize for ______ (develop) an intelligent device that can detect and reduce air pollution in enclosed spaces like classrooms.
答案：having developed
解析： 现在分词完成式作宾语，“develop” 发生在 “was awarded” 之前（先研发智能设备，再获一等奖），“that” 引导定语从句修饰 “intelligent device”，用完成式体现动作先后，故填 having developed。
12. The journalist ______ (accuse) of fabricating (捏造) news to attract public attention was dismissed by the media company and banned from working in the industry for five years.
答案：accused
解析： 过去分词作定语，修饰 “The journalist”，“journalist” 与 “accuse” 是被动关系（记者被指控捏造新闻），“banned from working” 进一步说明后果，故填 accused。
13. ______ (not master) the basic principles of physics, he struggled to understand the complex theories explained in the university-level textbook recommended by his teacher.
答案：Not having mastered
解析： 现在分词完成否定式作原因状语，“he” 与 “master” 是主动关系，且 “未掌握物理基础原理” 发生在 “难以理解复杂理论” 之前，“recommended by his teacher” 修饰 “textbook”，否定式在 having 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not having mastered。
14. The cross-border cultural exchange program ______ (launch) next semester will allow students to study abroad for a month and experience diverse cultural traditions firsthand.
答案：to be launched
解析： 不定式被动式作定语，修饰 “The cross-border cultural exchange program”，“program” 与 “launch” 是被动关系（项目被启动），“next semester” 表动作未发生，故填 to be launched。
15. The renowned writer dreams of ______ (establish) a literary foundation to support young authors who lack financial resources to publish their works.
答案：establishing
解析： “dream of doing sth.” 为固定搭配（of 为介词），现在分词作宾语，“that” 引导定语从句修饰 “literary foundation”，表 “梦想建立文学基金会支持年轻作家”，故填 establishing。
16. ______ (view) from a historical perspective, the development of digital technology has revolutionized the way people communicate, work and entertain themselves.
答案：Viewed
解析： 过去分词作状语，“the development of digital technology” 与 “view” 是被动关系（从历史角度看数字技术发展），“viewed from...” 表 “从…… 角度看”，句首首字母大写，故填 Viewed。
17. The coach warned the athletes ______ (not violate) the anti-doping rules, emphasizing that fair competition is the core spirit of sportsmanship.
答案：not to violate
解析： “warn sb. not to do sth.” 为固定搭配，不定式否定式作宾语补足语；“emphasizing that...” 作伴随状语，表 “警告运动员不要违反反兴奋剂规则，强调公平竞争是体育精神核心”，故填 not to violate。
18. The academic paper ______ (submit) by the research team last week has been accepted by the international journal, which is recognized as one of the most influential publications in the field of biology.
答案：submitted
解析： 过去分词作定语，修饰 “The academic paper”，“paper” 与 “submit” 是被动关系（论文被提交），“which” 引导定语从句修饰 “the international journal”，补充说明期刊影响力，故填 submitted。
19. ______ (devote) nearly 20 years to the research on renewable energy, Professor Li has made significant breakthroughs in the development of high-efficiency solar panels.
答案：Having devoted
解析： 现在分词完成式作时间状语，“Professor Li” 与 “devote” 是主动关系，且 “投入近 20 年研究可再生能源” 发生在 “取得突破” 之前（先投入研究后突破），句首首字母大写，故填 Having devoted。
20. The old factory ______ (abandon) for over a decade is now being transformed into a creative industrial park, attracting many young entrepreneurs and artists.
答案：having been abandoned
解析： 现在分词完成被动式作定语，修饰 “The old factory”，“factory” 与 “abandon” 是被动关系（工厂被废弃），“for over a decade” 表动作从过去持续到现在，用完成被动式体现持续状态，故填 having been abandoned。
21. The company is seeking a professional ______ (oversee) the implementation of the new marketing strategy, which is designed to expand its market share in Southeast Asia.
答案：to oversee
解析： 不定式作定语，修饰 “a professional”，“which” 引导定语从句修饰 “the new marketing strategy”，表 “公司寻找负责监督新营销策略实施的专业人士”，故填 to oversee。
22. ______ (not realize) the potential risks of online payment fraud, many elderly people have fallen victim to scams (诈骗) and suffered heavy financial losses.
答案：Not realizing
解析： 现在分词否定式作原因状语，“many elderly people” 与 “realize” 是主动关系（老人未意识到在线支付诈骗风险），“fallen victim to scams” 表 “成为诈骗受害者”，否定式在 doing 前加 not，句首首字母大写，故填 Not realizing。
23. The documentary, ______ (narrate) by a famous actor, tells the touching stories of volunteers who have dedicated themselves to protecting endangered wildlife in the Amazon rainforest.
答案：narrated
解析： 过去分词作定语，修饰 “The documentary”，“documentary” 与 “narrate” 是被动关系（纪录片由著名演员旁白），“who” 引导定语从句修饰 “volunteers”，补充志愿者事迹，故填 narrated。
24. He feels deep regret for ______ (not cherish) the opportunity to study at the prestigious university, as he chose to drop out halfway to pursue a career in entertainment.
答案：not having cherished
解析： “regret not having done sth.” 表 “后悔没做某事”（事情已过去），此处 “没珍惜名校学习机会” 发生在 “中途辍学” 之前，用现在分词完成否定式作宾语，故填 not having cherished。
25. ______ (preserve) the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) like traditional folk music and handicrafts, the government has invested a large amount of money in training inheritors and organizing cultural exhibitions.
答案：To preserve
解析： 不定式作目的状语，表 “为了保护非物质文化遗产”，“like traditional folk music and handicrafts” 举例说明遗产类型，“invested in training...” 说明政府举措，句首首字母大写，故填 To preserve。
III. 单句改错
下列句子均存在一处非谓语动词相关错误，请找出错误并改正（无错则打 “√”）。
My elder sister is fond of learn English ballads (民谣) in her spare time to enhance her language sense.
The academic assignment assigned by our literature teacher yesterday was relatively easy to be completed within an hour.
Seeing from the dormitory window on the 5th floor, the campus garden with various flowers looks extremely vibrant in spring.
The team leader promised to not disclose any confidential information about the project to external partners without permission.
The student was found cheat in the mid-term chemistry exam by the invigilator (监考老师) when he was passing a note to his deskmate.
Due to a tight schedule, I have no time to attend the important seminar holding in the school lecture hall this Friday afternoon.
After exchanging several letters, she is looking forward to receive a reply from her pen pal who studies at a prestigious university in Canada.
The elderly gentleman walked slowly along the quiet street, followed his little pet dog that was wearing a red collar.
We should try our best to help the people in need, especially those living in poor areas.
Having been worked in this company for 10 years, he was promoted to manager last month.
My parents often encourage me studying hard to get into a good university.
The book writing by Lu Xun is still very popular among young readers today.
The organization advocates people to use eco-friendly products to reduce plastic pollution in daily life.
The scientist, dedicate most of his life to exploring the mystery of quantum physics, finally won the Nobel Prize in Physics last year.
Our school headmaster does not approve of students to use electronic dictionaries during English tests, as it may affect their independent thinking ability.
答案及解析
错误：learn → learning
解析：“be fond of” 中 “of” 为介词，介词后需接现在分词作宾语，故将 learn 改为 learning。
错误：be completed → complete
解析：“主语 + be + adj. + to do” 为固定结构，不定式需用主动形式表被动含义，无需加 “be”，故删去 be，将 completed 改为 complete。
错误：Seeing → Seen
解析：现在分词作状语时，逻辑主语 “the campus garden” 与 “see” 为被动关系（花园被看），被动关系需用过去分词，故将 Seeing 改为 Seen。
错误：to not disclose → not to disclose
解析：不定式的否定式规则为 “not + to do”，“not” 需置于 “to” 之前，故将 to not disclose 改为 not to disclose。
错误：cheat → cheating
解析：“find sb. doing sth.” 为固定搭配，表 “发现某人正在做某事”，此处 “作弊” 为被发现时正在进行的动作，需用现在分词作宾语补足语，故将 cheat 改为 cheating。
错误：holding → to be held
解析：“seminar” 与 “hold” 为被动关系（研讨会被举行），且 “this Friday afternoon” 表动作未发生，被动且未发生的动作需用不定式被动式 “to be held” 作定语，故将 holding 改为 to be held。
错误：receive → receiving
解析：“look forward to” 中 “to” 为介词，介词后需接现在分词作宾语，故将 receive 改为 receiving。
错误：followed → following
解析：现在分词作伴随状语时，逻辑主语 “the elderly gentleman” 与 “follow” 为主动关系（狗主动跟着先生），主动关系需用现在分词，故将 followed 改为 following。
答案：√
解析：现在分词 “living” 作定语修饰 “those”，“those” 与 “live” 为主动关系，符合 “现在分词表主动” 的语法规则，结构正确。
错误：been worked → worked
解析：现在分词完成式表主动时，结构为 “Having + 过去分词”，“he” 与 “work” 为主动关系，无需加 “been”（“been” 用于被动），故删去 been，改为 Having worked。
错误：studying → to study
解析：“encourage sb. to do sth.” 为固定搭配，需用不定式 “to do” 作宾语补足语，故将 studying 改为 to study。
错误：writing → written
解析：“the book” 与 “write” 为被动关系（书被写），过去分词表被动，需用 “written” 作定语，故将 writing 改为 written。
错误：to use → using
解析：“advocate” 为固定接动名词的动词，搭配为 “advocate doing sth.”，不可接 “sb. to do sth.”，故将 to use 改为 using。
错误：dedicate → dedicating
解析：现在分词作定语修饰 “The scientist”，“scientist” 与 “dedicate” 为主动关系（科学家主动奉献），需用现在分词 “dedicating”，故将 dedicate 改为 dedicating。
错误：to use → using
解析：“approve of” 为固定接动名词的短语，搭配为 “approve of sb. doing sth.”，不可接 “sb. to do sth.”，故将 to use 改为 using。
IV. 句型转换（共 10 题）
要求：将以下句子合并为含非谓语动词的句子，可适当调整语序或补充细节。
第一部分：应用文场景（书信、通知、建议信等）
Students should form a systematic study schedule. They intend to enhance their academic performance and lay a solid foundation for college entrance exams.（学习建议信）
The school will host a charity bazaar on the coming Friday. The bazaar is designed to raise funds for underprivileged children in remote mountainous areas.（校园通知）
Candidates can apply for this merit-based scholarship. They are required to submit their academic transcripts and recommendation letters from teachers.（奖学金申请指南）
Our class organized a volunteer initiative last weekend. We assisted the elderly residents in the community with daily chores like cleaning rooms and doing laundry.（志愿者活动总结）
Learners may encounter difficulties in English listening comprehension. They can improve this skill by listening to English radio programs or podcasts on a daily basis.（英语学习建议信）
第二部分：读后续写场景（情感、动作、场景描写 丰富细节）
The little girl clutched the birthday present given by her mother. She trotted into the room quietly, with glistening tears welling up in her eyes.（补充细节 “with glistening tears welling up in her eyes”——“温情类 委屈场景”）
The farmer toiled in the vast field. He hummed local folk songs merrily, with sweat dripping from his forehead under the scorching sun.（补充细节 “under the scorching sun”——“生活类 劳作场景”）
Our group visited the well-preserved ancient town last weekend. We took numerous photos of the traditional architectures and engaged in conversations with local inhabitants to learn about their customs.（补充细节 “engaged in conversations with local inhabitants”——“旅行类 探索场景”）
The boy practiced playing the guitar diligently every evening. He aspired to win the first prize in the school’s annual music competition, even though his fingers were bleeding from frequent practice.（补充细节 “even though his fingers were bleeding from frequent practice”——“奋斗类 坚持场景”）
The dedicated nurse attended to the patients carefully. She never uttered a word of complaint about exhaustion, devoting herself to caring for the sick day and night.（补充细节 “devoting herself to caring for the sick day and night”——“奉献类 医护场景”）
答案及解析
第一部分：应用文场景
Students should form a systematic study schedule to enhance their academic performance and lay a solid foundation for college entrance exams.
The school will host a charity bazaar on the coming Friday to raise funds for underprivileged children in remote mountainous areas.
Candidates can apply for this merit-based scholarship by submitting their academic transcripts and recommendation letters from teachers.
Our class organized a volunteer initiative last weekend to assist the elderly residents in the community with daily chores like cleaning rooms and doing laundry.
If learners encounter difficulties in English listening comprehension, they can improve this skill by listening to English radio programs or podcasts on a daily basis.
第二部分：读后续写场景
The little girl, clutching the birthday present given by her mother and with glistening tears welling up in her eyes, trotted into the room quietly.
The farmer toiled in the vast field under the scorching sun, humming local folk songs merrily with sweat dripping from his forehead.
Our group visited the well-preserved ancient town last weekend, taking numerous photos of the traditional architectures and engaging in conversations with local inhabitants to learn about their customs.
The boy practiced playing the guitar diligently every evening with his fingers bleeding from frequent practice, aspiring to win the first prize in the school’s annual music competition.
The dedicated nurse attended to the patients carefully day and night, never uttering a word of complaint about exhaustion and devoting herself to caring for the sick.
V. 补全翻译（根据中文补全英文 共 20 题）
请根据所给中文完整句子，使用非谓语补全英文翻译，确保语法正确、语义一致。
第一部分：应用文场景（贴合校园 / 生活）
为了提升英语口语能力，我每天早上都会花 15 分钟朗读英语课文。
________________________________________, I spend 15 minutes reading English texts aloud every morning.
昨天在书店偶然看到的那本语言学著作，主要探讨了青少年如何平衡语言学习与数字媒体使用。
The linguistics book ________________________________________ in the bookstore yesterday mainly explores how teenagers balance language learning and digital media usage.
教授建议我们通过参与跨文化交流活动来深入了解西方社会的价值观。
The professor advises us ________________________________________ to gain a deep insight into the values of Western society.
这场由校学生会主办的校园艺术节，将在本周五晚上 7 点于学校体育馆隆重举行。
The campus art festival ________________________________________ by the Student Union will be grandly held in the school gymnasium at 7 p.m. this Friday.
除非收到正式邀请，否则我不会出席明天的学术研讨会。
I will not attend tomorrow’s academic seminar ________________________________________.
培养独立解决复杂问题的能力，对高中生适应未来大学学习至关重要。
________________________________________ is crucial for senior high school students to adapt to future college studies.
这款学习软件能帮助用户记录每日学习进度，从而更科学地规划备考时间。
This learning app can help users ________________________________________ every day to plan their exam preparation time more scientifically.
由于未收到招生办的回复，他决定亲自前往高校咨询自主招生的相关政策。
________________________________________, he decided to go to the university in person to inquire about the policies of independent enrollment.
第二部分：读后续写场景（强化情感 / 细节）
小女孩紧紧抱着妈妈精心准备的生日礼物，蹦蹦跳跳地跑进房间，脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。
The little girl, ____________________________________________________________ carefully prepared by her mother, ran into the room skipping and jumping, with a bright smile on her face.
老爷爷坐在院子里的老槐树下，静静地看着孩子们在草坪上追逐嬉戏，回忆着自己无忧无虑的童年时光。
The old grandpa sat under the old locust tree in the yard, _________________________________ on the lawn and recalling his carefree childhood.
消防员们不顾个人安危冲进熊熊燃烧的大楼，决心救出所有被困在里面的居民。
Firefighters rushed into the burning building regardless of their personal safety, _______________ _____________________ all the residents trapped inside.
男孩小心翼翼地捧着刚从图书馆借来的科幻小说，迫不及待地想回家与弟弟分享书中的精彩情节。
The boy, ________________________________________ from the library, couldn’t wait to go home and share the wonderful plots in the book with his younger brother.
奶奶坐在窗边一边织着毛衣一边听着戏曲，时不时抬头望向窗外，期盼着爷爷早点从集市回来。
Grandma sat by the window knitting a sweater and listening to traditional opera, _____________ ___________________________ outside from time to time and looking forward to grandpa’s early return from the market.
运动员们在赛场上奋力拼搏，汗水顺着脸颊滚落，但他们始终没有放弃对胜利的追求。
Athletes strived hard on the field, ________________________________________ down their cheeks, but they never gave up their pursuit of victory.
女孩在精致的日记本上认真写下自己的梦想，希望将来能成为一名致力于攻克疑难病症的医生。
The girl wrote down her dream carefully in her exquisite diary, ___________________________ a doctor dedicated to overcoming difficult and complicated diseases in the future.
志愿者们在社区服务中心有序地分发防疫物资，耐心地指导居民正确佩戴口罩和做好消毒工作。
Volunteers were distributing epidemic prevention materials in an orderly manner at the community service center, ________________________________________ how to wear masks correctly and do disinfection work well.
他独自站在山顶，凝视着远方灯火阑珊的城市，内心涌起一种前所未有的平静与释然。
He stood alone on the top of the mountain, ________________________________________ the city with dim lights in the distance and feeling an unprecedented sense of peace and relief.
小狗欢快地跟在主人身后，不停地摇着尾巴，偶尔停下来嗅一嗅路边盛开的野花。
The little dog followed its owner cheerfully, ________________________________________ constantly and stopping occasionally to smell the wild flowers blooming by the road.
画家坐在河边的石阶上，专注地描绘着夕阳下波光粼粼的河面，完全沉浸在创作的乐趣中。
The painter sat on the stone steps by the river, ________________________________________ the sparkling river surface under the sunset and being completely immersed in the joy of creation.
年轻的支教老师拿着精心制作的教具走进教室，孩子们的眼睛立刻亮了起来，充满了对知识的渴望。
The young volunteer teacher walked into the classroom _________________________________ ______________________, and the children’s eyes lit up immediately, full of thirst for knowledge.
答案及解析
第一部分：应用文场景
To enhance my oral English proficiency
come across by me
to participate in cross-cultural exchange activities
hosted
unless I receive a formal invitation
Cultivating the ability to solve complex problems independently
record their daily learning progress
Not having received a reply from the admission office
第二部分：读后续写场景
holding the birthday gift
watching the children chase and play
determined to rescue
holding the science fiction novel he had just borrowed
looking up
with sweat rolling
hoping to become
guiding the residents patiently
staring at
wagging its tail
focusing on depicting
holding the teaching aids he had carefully made
VI. 短文填空（共 2 篇，每篇 10 空 仅考查非谓语动词）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内动词的适当非谓语形式（to do /doing/done），或补充非谓语结构中的缺失部分，使短文完整、逻辑通顺。
Passage 1: The Importance of Extracurricular Activities
Extracurricular activities are an essential part of high school life. They provide students with opportunities ___1___ (develop) their interests and skills outside the classroom. For example, joining a drama club allows students ___2___ (practice) public speaking and teamwork, which are very useful for their future careers.
Many students find that ___3___ (participate) in sports helps them stay healthy and relieve stress from studies. The sports meet held every year encourages students ___4___ (compete) fairly and learn the spirit of perseverance.
___5___ (organize) by the school, the art festival attracts many students who are interested in painting, music and dance. Students ___6___ (show) their talents in the festival often feel more confident and creative.
Volunteer work is another popular extracurricular activity. ___7___ (help) people in need makes students understand the value of responsibility and kindness. Many universities attach great importance to students’ experience in ___8___ (do) volunteer work when admitting new students.
___9___ (balance) academic study and extracurricular activities is not easy, but it teaches students ___10___ (manage) their time well. In short, extracurricular activities make high school life more colorful and meaningful.
Passage 2: How to Keep a Healthy Lifestyle
Keeping a healthy lifestyle is important for people of all ages. The first step is ___1___ (form) good eating habits. We should avoid ___2___ (eat) too much junk food and try ___3___ (include) more fruits and vegetables in our daily diet.
Regular exercise is also necessary. ___4___ (do) exercise for 30 minutes every day can help us keep fit and strengthen our immune system. Many people choose ___5___ (walk) or jog in the morning, while others prefer ___6___ (go) to the gym after work.
Enough sleep is crucial for health. We should try ___7___ (not stay) up late and ensure that we get 7-8 hours of sleep every night. ___8___ (lack) sleep can lead to tiredness and poor concentration during the day.
___9___ (reduce) stress is another key part of a healthy lifestyle. We can relax by ___10___ (listen) to music, reading books or spending time with family and friends. By following these simple steps, we can improve our health and enjoy a better life.
参考答案及解析
Passage 1 参考答案及解析
答案：to develop
解析：“provide sb. with opportunities to do sth.” 固定搭配，不定式作定语，修饰 “opportunities”，表 “发展兴趣的机会”，符合 “动作 + 目的” 逻辑。
答案：to practice
解析：“allow sb. to do sth.” 固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语，表 “允许学生做的事”，贴合 “练习演讲和团队合作” 的语义。
答案：participating
解析：现在分词作宾语，“find that + doing sth.” 表 “发现做某事的好处”，“participate” 与逻辑主语 “students” 是主动关系，故填 participating。
答案：to compete
解析：“encourage sb. to do sth.” 固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语，表 “鼓励学生公平竞争”，符合 “鼓励做某事” 的逻辑。
答案：Organized
解析：过去分词作状语，“the art festival” 与 “organize” 是被动关系（艺术节被学校组织），句首首字母大写，故填 Organized。
答案：showing
解析：现在分词作定语，修饰 “students”，“students” 与 “show” 是主动关系（学生展示才华），故填 showing。
答案：Helping
解析：现在分词作主语，表 “帮助有需要的人” 这件事，句首首字母大写，故填 Helping。
答案：doing
解析：“experience in doing sth.” 固定搭配（in 是介词），现在分词作宾语，表 “做志愿工作的经验”，故填 doing。
答案：Balancing
解析：现在分词作主语，表 “平衡学习与课外活动” 这件事，句首首字母大写，故填 Balancing。
答案：to manage
解析：“teach sb. to do sth.” 固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语，表 “教学生管理时间”，故填 to manage。
Passage 2 参考答案及解析
答案：to form
解析：不定式作表语，跟在系动词 “is” 后，表 “第一步是养成好习惯”，符合 “是……” 的表语逻辑。
答案：eating
解析：“avoid doing sth.” 固定搭配，现在分词作宾语，表 “避免吃垃圾食品”，故填 eating。
答案：to include
解析：“try to do sth.” 固定搭配，表 “努力做某事”（尝试养成习惯），不定式作宾语，故填 to include。
答案：Doing
解析：现在分词作主语，表 “每天锻炼 30 分钟” 这件事，句首首字母大写，故填 Doing。
答案：to walk
解析：“choose to do sth.” 固定搭配，不定式作宾语，表 “选择走路或慢跑”，故填 to walk。
答案：to go
解析：“prefer to do sth.” 固定搭配，不定式作宾语，表 “更喜欢去健身房”，故填 to go。
答案：not to stay
解析：“try not to do sth.” 固定结构，不定式否定式作宾语，表 “努力不熬夜”，故填 not to stay。
答案：Lacking
解析：现在分词作主语，表 “缺乏睡眠” 这件事，“lack” 与逻辑主语 “we” 是主动关系，句首首字母大写，故填 Lacking。
答案：Reducing
解析：现在分词作主语，表 “减轻压力” 这件事，句首首字母大写，故填 Reducing。
答案：listening
解析：“by doing sth.” 固定搭配（by 是介词），现在分词作宾语，表 “通过听音乐放松”，故填 listening。高中英语语法精练（8）— 非谓语动词综合（练习版）
I. 非谓语动词识别与类型分析（共 10 题）
请找出下列句子中的非谓语动词，标注其具体类型（不定式 to do / 现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done），并分析其语法作用（作主语 / 谓语 / 宾语 / 定语 / 状语 / 宾语补足语 / 表语）及与逻辑主语的关系（主动 / 被动、动作先后 / 同时进行）。
To master English writing skills, students need to practice organizing ideas and using proper sentence structures regularly.
The young scientist, devoting most of his time to researching renewable energy, finally made a major breakthrough last month.
The library has a large number of books written by famous authors from different countries.
Our teacher encourages us to share our thoughts freely during group discussions to promote critical thinking.
Having finished his homework, Tom went to the gym to play basketball with his classmates.
The little girl was seen picking flowers in the community garden by the security guard yesterday afternoon.
The most important thing for a student is to maintain a balanced relationship between study and rest.
Surrounded by enthusiastic fans, the famous singer waved and smiled warmly when stepping onto the stage.
My parents expect me to get admitted to a key university, so I have been working hard day and night.
Reading English news every morning is a good way to improve vocabulary and understanding of international events.
II. 语法填空（共 55 题，基础 30 题 + 进阶 25 题）
第一组：基础练习（30 题）
1. The old man walked slowly, ______ (support) by his granddaughter on his arm.
2. My parents often remind me ______ (not spend) too much time playing mobile phones.
3. The doctor advised him ______ (take) more exercise and eat less junk food to keep healthy.
4. ______ (be) late for school again, Tom was criticized by his head teacher.
5. ______ (not understand) the teacher’s explanation, he asked the teacher to repeat it.
6. The research team, ______ (focus) on developing new treatments for rare diseases, has published three papers in international journals this year.
7. ______ (compare) with traditional teaching methods, online education has more advantages in terms of flexibility and resource sharing.
8. The government calls on citizens ______ (reduce) food waste by adopting the "clear your plate" campaign.
9. The novel ______ (translate) into more than 20 languages since it was published in 2010.
10. ______ (not receive) a reply from the company, he decided to send his resume again.
11. The ability ______ (adapt) to new environments is very important for students studying abroad.
12. The old temple ______ (restore) now is one of the most important cultural relics in our city.
13. She apologized for ______ (keep) us waiting for such a long time.
14. ______ (solve) this environmental problem, we need to work together with other countries.
15. The data ______ (collect) from the survey will be used to improve our product design.
16. He was praised for ______ (donate) a large amount of money to the poor areas.
17. The student ______ (catch) cheating in the exam will be punished according to the school rules.
18. ______ (not have) enough experience, he found it difficult to finish the task on time.
19. The project ______ (complete) next year will provide more job opportunities for local people.
20. She dreams of ______ (become) a famous doctor to help people with serious illnesses.
21. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks even more beautiful at night.
22. The teacher asked us ______ (not use) mobile phones in class, as they would distract our attention.
23. The book ______ (write) by this author is widely recommended by English teachers.
24. ______ (study) hard for several months, he finally passed the college entrance examination.
25. The machine ______ (break) down yesterday is being repaired by the engineer now.
26. We are looking for someone ______ (take) charge of the marketing department.
27. ______ (not know) the truth, she easily believed what he said.
28. The film, ______ (star) a famous actor, has attracted a large number of audiences since its release.
29. He regrets ______ (not take) his teacher’s advice, which made him miss a good opportunity.
30. ______ (protect) the environment, we should use more renewable energy sources like solar power.
第二组：进阶练习（25 题）
1. The archaeologists, ______ (conduct) a systematic excavation in the ancient ruin for half a year, finally uncovered a set of bronze artifacts dating back to the Shang Dynasty.
2. ______ (expose) to sunlight for too long, the ancient parchment (羊皮卷) will fade gradually, so experts suggest storing it in a cool and dry environment.
3. The professor encouraged his students ______ (participate) in the academic seminar, where they could exchange ideas with scholars from top universities worldwide.
4. The new policy ______ (aim) at promoting equal access to quality education has aroused widespread attention among educators and parents.
5. ______ (not have) obtained the official approval, the construction company was forced to suspend the project despite having invested a huge sum of money.
6. The ability ______ (analyze) complex social issues from multiple perspectives is what senior high students need to develop to adapt to future academic challenges.
7. The historical museum ______ (undergo) a comprehensive renovation since last autumn will reopen to the public next month with advanced interactive exhibits.
8. She apologized for ______ (fail) to fulfill her promise to help organize the school charity gala, as she was suddenly hospitalized due to a severe fever.
9. ______ (address) the problem of teenage anxiety, psychologists recommend that parents spend more quality time communicating with their children instead of only focusing on academic performance.
10. The statistics ______ (gather) from over 5000 respondents across 10 provinces have provided valuable insights into the changing lifestyle of modern teenagers.
11. The young inventor was awarded the first prize for ______ (develop) an intelligent device that can detect and reduce air pollution in enclosed spaces like classrooms.
12. The journalist ______ (accuse) of fabricating (捏造) news to attract public attention was dismissed by the media company and banned from working in the industry for five years.
13. ______ (not master) the basic principles of physics, he struggled to understand the complex theories explained in the university-level textbook recommended by his teacher.
14. The cross-border cultural exchange program ______ (launch) next semester will allow students to study abroad for a month and experience diverse cultural traditions firsthand.
15. The renowned writer dreams of ______ (establish) a literary foundation to support young authors who lack financial resources to publish their works.
16. ______ (view) from a historical perspective, the development of digital technology has revolutionized the way people communicate, work and entertain themselves.
17. The coach warned the athletes ______ (not violate) the anti-doping rules, emphasizing that fair competition is the core spirit of sportsmanship.
18. The academic paper ______ (submit) by the research team last week has been accepted by the international journal, which is recognized as one of the most influential publications in the field of biology.
19. ______ (devote) nearly 20 years to the research on renewable energy, Professor Li has made significant breakthroughs in the development of high-efficiency solar panels.
20. The old factory ______ (abandon) for over a decade is now being transformed into a creative industrial park, attracting many young entrepreneurs and artists.
21. The company is seeking a professional ______ (oversee) the implementation of the new marketing strategy, which is designed to expand its market share in Southeast Asia.
22. ______ (not realize) the potential risks of online payment fraud, many elderly people have fallen victim to scams (诈骗) and suffered heavy financial losses.
23. The documentary, ______ (narrate) by a famous actor, tells the touching stories of volunteers who have dedicated themselves to protecting endangered wildlife in the Amazon rainforest.
24. He feels deep regret for ______ (not cherish) the opportunity to study at the prestigious university, as he chose to drop out halfway to pursue a career in entertainment.
25. ______ (preserve) the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) like traditional folk music and handicrafts, the government has invested a large amount of money in training inheritors and organizing cultural exhibitions.
III. 单句改错
下列句子均存在一处非谓语动词相关错误，请找出错误并改正（无错则打 “√”）。
My elder sister is fond of learn English ballads (民谣) in her spare time to enhance her language sense.
The academic assignment assigned by our literature teacher yesterday was relatively easy to be completed within an hour.
Seeing from the dormitory window on the 5th floor, the campus garden with various flowers looks extremely vibrant in spring.
The team leader promised to not disclose any confidential information about the project to external partners without permission.
The student was found cheat in the mid-term chemistry exam by the invigilator (监考老师) when he was passing a note to his deskmate.
Due to a tight schedule, I have no time to attend the important seminar holding in the school lecture hall this Friday afternoon.
After exchanging several letters, she is looking forward to receive a reply from her pen pal who studies at a prestigious university in Canada.
The elderly gentleman walked slowly along the quiet street, followed his little pet dog that was wearing a red collar.
We should try our best to help the people in need, especially those living in poor areas.
Having been worked in this company for 10 years, he was promoted to manager last month.
My parents often encourage me studying hard to get into a good university.
The book writing by Lu Xun is still very popular among young readers today.
The organization advocates people to use eco-friendly products to reduce plastic pollution in daily life.
The scientist, dedicate most of his life to exploring the mystery of quantum physics, finally won the Nobel Prize in Physics last year.
Our school headmaster does not approve of students to use electronic dictionaries during English tests, as it may affect their independent thinking ability.
IV. 句型转换（共 10 题）
要求：将以下句子合并为含非谓语动词的句子，可适当调整语序或补充细节。
第一部分：应用文场景（书信、通知、建议信等）
Students should form a systematic study schedule. They intend to enhance their academic performance and lay a solid foundation for college entrance exams.（学习建议信）
The school will host a charity bazaar on the coming Friday. The bazaar is designed to raise funds for underprivileged children in remote mountainous areas.（校园通知）
Candidates can apply for this merit-based scholarship. They are required to submit their academic transcripts and recommendation letters from teachers.（奖学金申请指南）
Our class organized a volunteer initiative last weekend. We assisted the elderly residents in the community with daily chores like cleaning rooms and doing laundry.（志愿者活动总结）
Learners may encounter difficulties in English listening comprehension. They can improve this skill by listening to English radio programs or podcasts on a daily basis.（英语学习建议信）
第二部分：读后续写场景（情感、动作、场景描写 丰富细节）
The little girl clutched the birthday present given by her mother. She trotted into the room quietly, with glistening tears welling up in her eyes.（补充细节 “with glistening tears welling up in her eyes”——“温情类 委屈场景”）
The farmer toiled in the vast field. He hummed local folk songs merrily, with sweat dripping from his forehead under the scorching sun.（补充细节 “under the scorching sun”——“生活类 劳作场景”）
Our group visited the well-preserved ancient town last weekend. We took numerous photos of the traditional architectures and engaged in conversations with local inhabitants to learn about their customs.（补充细节 “engaged in conversations with local inhabitants”——“旅行类 探索场景”）
The boy practiced playing the guitar diligently every evening. He aspired to win the first prize in the school’s annual music competition, even though his fingers were bleeding from frequent practice.（补充细节 “even though his fingers were bleeding from frequent practice”——“奋斗类 坚持场景”）
The dedicated nurse attended to the patients carefully. She never uttered a word of complaint about exhaustion, devoting herself to caring for the sick day and night.（补充细节 “devoting herself to caring for the sick day and night”——“奉献类 医护场景”）
V. 补全翻译（根据中文补全英文 共 20 题）
请根据所给中文完整句子，使用非谓语补全英文翻译，确保语法正确、语义一致。
第一部分：应用文场景（贴合校园 / 生活）
为了提升英语口语能力，我每天早上都会花 15 分钟朗读英语课文。
________________________________________, I spend 15 minutes reading English texts aloud every morning.
昨天在书店偶然看到的那本语言学著作，主要探讨了青少年如何平衡语言学习与数字媒体使用。
The linguistics book ________________________________________ in the bookstore yesterday mainly explores how teenagers balance language learning and digital media usage.
教授建议我们通过参与跨文化交流活动来深入了解西方社会的价值观。
The professor advises us ________________________________________ to gain a deep insight into the values of Western society.
这场由校学生会主办的校园艺术节，将在本周五晚上 7 点于学校体育馆隆重举行。
The campus art festival ________________________________________ by the Student Union will be grandly held in the school gymnasium at 7 p.m. this Friday.
除非收到正式邀请，否则我不会出席明天的学术研讨会。
I will not attend tomorrow’s academic seminar ________________________________________.
培养独立解决复杂问题的能力，对高中生适应未来大学学习至关重要。
________________________________________ is crucial for senior high school students to adapt to future college studies.
这款学习软件能帮助用户记录每日学习进度，从而更科学地规划备考时间。
This learning app can help users ________________________________________ every day to plan their exam preparation time more scientifically.
由于未收到招生办的回复，他决定亲自前往高校咨询自主招生的相关政策。
________________________________________, he decided to go to the university in person to inquire about the policies of independent enrollment.
第二部分：读后续写场景（强化情感 / 细节）
小女孩紧紧抱着妈妈精心准备的生日礼物，蹦蹦跳跳地跑进房间，脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。
The little girl, ____________________________________________________________ carefully prepared by her mother, ran into the room skipping and jumping, with a bright smile on her face.
老爷爷坐在院子里的老槐树下，静静地看着孩子们在草坪上追逐嬉戏，回忆着自己无忧无虑的童年时光。
The old grandpa sat under the old locust tree in the yard, _________________________________ on the lawn and recalling his carefree childhood.
消防员们不顾个人安危冲进熊熊燃烧的大楼，决心救出所有被困在里面的居民。
Firefighters rushed into the burning building regardless of their personal safety, _______________ _____________________ all the residents trapped inside.
男孩小心翼翼地捧着刚从图书馆借来的科幻小说，迫不及待地想回家与弟弟分享书中的精彩情节。
The boy, ________________________________________ from the library, couldn’t wait to go home and share the wonderful plots in the book with his younger brother.
奶奶坐在窗边一边织着毛衣一边听着戏曲，时不时抬头望向窗外，期盼着爷爷早点从集市回来。
Grandma sat by the window knitting a sweater and listening to traditional opera, _____________ ___________________________ outside from time to time and looking forward to grandpa’s early return from the market.
运动员们在赛场上奋力拼搏，汗水顺着脸颊滚落，但他们始终没有放弃对胜利的追求。
Athletes strived hard on the field, ________________________________________ down their cheeks, but they never gave up their pursuit of victory.
女孩在精致的日记本上认真写下自己的梦想，希望将来能成为一名致力于攻克疑难病症的医生。
The girl wrote down her dream carefully in her exquisite diary, ___________________________ a doctor dedicated to overcoming difficult and complicated diseases in the future.
志愿者们在社区服务中心有序地分发防疫物资，耐心地指导居民正确佩戴口罩和做好消毒工作。
Volunteers were distributing epidemic prevention materials in an orderly manner at the community service center, ________________________________________ how to wear masks correctly and do disinfection work well.
他独自站在山顶，凝视着远方灯火阑珊的城市，内心涌起一种前所未有的平静与释然。
He stood alone on the top of the mountain, ________________________________________ the city with dim lights in the distance and feeling an unprecedented sense of peace and relief.
小狗欢快地跟在主人身后，不停地摇着尾巴，偶尔停下来嗅一嗅路边盛开的野花。
The little dog followed its owner cheerfully, ________________________________________ constantly and stopping occasionally to smell the wild flowers blooming by the road.
画家坐在河边的石阶上，专注地描绘着夕阳下波光粼粼的河面，完全沉浸在创作的乐趣中。
The painter sat on the stone steps by the river, ________________________________________ the sparkling river surface under the sunset and being completely immersed in the joy of creation.
年轻的支教老师拿着精心制作的教具走进教室，孩子们的眼睛立刻亮了起来，充满了对知识的渴望。
The young volunteer teacher walked into the classroom _________________________________ ______________________, and the children’s eyes lit up immediately, full of thirst for knowledge.
VI. 短文填空（共 2 篇，每篇 10 空）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内动词的适当非谓语形式（to do /doing/done），或补充非谓语结构中的缺失部分，使短文完整、逻辑通顺。
Passage 1: The Importance of Extracurricular Activities
Extracurricular activities are an essential part of high school life. They provide students with opportunities ___1___ (develop) their interests and skills outside the classroom. For example, joining a drama club allows students ___2___ (practice) public speaking and teamwork, which are very useful for their future careers.
Many students find that ___3___ (participate) in sports helps them stay healthy and relieve stress from studies. The sports meet held every year encourages students ___4___ (compete) fairly and learn the spirit of perseverance.
___5___ (organize) by the school, the art festival attracts many students who are interested in painting, music and dance. Students ___6___ (show) their talents in the festival often feel more confident and creative.
Volunteer work is another popular extracurricular activity. ___7___ (help) people in need makes students understand the value of responsibility and kindness. Many universities attach great importance to students’ experience in ___8___ (do) volunteer work when admitting new students.
___9___ (balance) academic study and extracurricular activities is not easy, but it teaches students ___10___ (manage) their time well. In short, extracurricular activities make high school life more colorful and meaningful.
Passage 2: How to Keep a Healthy Lifestyle
Keeping a healthy lifestyle is important for people of all ages. The first step is ___1___ (form) good eating habits. We should avoid ___2___ (eat) too much junk food and try ___3___ (include) more fruits and vegetables in our daily diet.
Regular exercise is also necessary. ___4___ (do) exercise for 30 minutes every day can help us keep fit and strengthen our immune system. Many people choose ___5___ (walk) or jog in the morning, while others prefer ___6___ (go) to the gym after work.
Enough sleep is crucial for health. We should try ___7___ (not stay) up late and ensure that we get 7-8 hours of sleep every night. ___8___ (lack) sleep can lead to tiredness and poor concentration during the day.
___9___ (reduce) stress is another key part of a healthy lifestyle. We can relax by ___10___ (listen) to music, reading books or spending time with family and friends. By following these simple steps, we can improve our health and enjoy a better life.
