2017版《188套重组优化卷》高考英语总复习—Section 16 短文改错

Section
16　短文改错
解题技巧
一、分清错误的类型，对症下药
1．缺词
短文改错中所缺的词常常是冠词、介词、代词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )等虚词，它通常与词的搭配相关，比如：见到名词，应考虑是否缺了冠词；见到动词，可注意后面是否少了应与之搭配的介词或其他词；见到某些固定表达，如in
fact，as
soon
as等，应考虑是否完整；还有某些短语加冠词与不加冠词意义不同，如in
front
of，in
the
front
of；某些短语加介词与不加介词用法不同，如：as
a
result，as
a
result
of。高考常考点具体如下表所示：
命题角度
考查点
解题思路
名词
冠词
名词前是否缺冠词
动词
介词或代词
不及物动词后是否缺介词，及物动词后是否缺少代词
不定式
不定式符号to
不定式中是否缺少了不该省略的不定式符号to
被动语态
助动词be
被动语态中是否缺少了助动词be
固定表达
习惯表达法
习惯表达法中是否漏了不可缺少的词
典型例题：
①In
the
car
park
ther
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
Gina
nearly
got
knocked
over
as
car
drove
out
far
too
quickly
from
behind
a
lorry.
答案及分析：
在as后加a。car是可数名词，此处表示“有一辆汽车冲了过来”，表泛指，故要用a。
②For
example，how
many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
times
have
you
walked
out
of
a
room
and
left
the
lights
or
television
when
no
one
else
was
there
答案及分析：
在television后面
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )加on。句意：例如，当那里没人的时候，有多少次你让电灯或电视开着就离开了房间？leave...on表示“让……开着”。
③There
was
one
in
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )articular
I’d
always
wanted.I
put
into
my
pocket
when
he
wasn’t
looking.
答案及分析：
在put后加it。及物动词put后缺少宾语，代替“我特别想要的那个玩具”要用it。
2．多词
短文改错中多余的词常常是虚词，如冠
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词、介词、代词、副词、连词等。一种是根据涉及的名词、动词的特点等判断是否多了冠词、介词、副词或其他词；另一种是根据全句的结构和意义，判断是否多了连词或其他词。高考常考点具体如下表所示：
命题角度
考查点
解题思路
名词
冠词
抽象名词、物质名词、复数名词表泛指是否多了冠词
动词
介词
及物动词后受母语影响是否多了介词
不定式
不定式符号to
不定式是否多了应该省略的不定式符号to
时间或地点状语
介词
时间或地点状语中是否多用了介词
形容词、副词
比较结构
形容词、副词比较结构中是否多了more或most
固定表达
习惯表达法
习惯表达中是否画蛇添足
典型例题：
①Otherwise，it
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )impossible
for
them
to
help
each
other
and
to
make
their
friendship
to
last
long.
答案及分析：
把last前的to去掉。make表示“使，让”，后面接宾语补足语时，用省略to的不定式，构成make
sb
do
sth结构。
②Every
one
of
us
can
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ake
a
great
efforts
to
cut
down
the
use
of
energy
in
our
country.
答案及分析：
把great前的a去掉或者把efforts改为effort。固定表达make
an
effort或者make
efforts表示“努力”。
③I
guessed，ev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
at
that
age，I
would
never
be
able
to
enjoy
to
playing
with
the
toy
or
face
my
cousin
again；I
would
always
know
I’d
done
something
wrong.
答案及分析：
把enjoy后的to去掉。固定表达enjoy
doing...表示“喜欢做某事”。
3．错词
错词是短文改错题中最主要
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的错误类型，错词的情况最为复杂，大致可分为虚词选择错误，实词用法错误，同(近)义、形似词选择错误等。但常见的还是搭配错误与语法错误，特别是平时写作时常出的错误最易为命题者所关注，对于平时常常疏忽、易出错的地方要精心改正，做题时更要小心仔细。高考常考点具体见前面的第二部分短文改错错误类型分析。
二、保持原意的原则
做题时应遵循保持句子原意的原则，即不能
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )随便改变文章或作者所表达的意思，包括其语气和上下文的逻辑关系，只对短文中的用词错误、语法错误、行文逻辑关系错误进行改正，且小改不能大改。换词不能改意，加词不能增意，去词不能减意。如有多种改法，应以保持原意为条件，择其善者而从之。
典型例题：
①The
more
friends
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
have，the
more
we
can
learn
for
one
another，and
the
more
pleasure
we
can
share
together.
答案及分析：
将for改为from。固定表达le
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arn
from
sb向某人学习，符合语境。也有同学把for改为about，learn
about了解……的有关情况，但改变了原意，作者想说的是“相互学习”，而不是“相互了解情况”。
②They
finally
droppe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
Gina
off
at
her
parents’
and
made
our
own
way
home.
答案及分析：
将They改为We。根据语篇和后面的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our
own
way和句意可知，这里指的是“我们”。也有同学把our改为their，但改变了原意，整篇文章叙述用的是第一人称，如果改成their就与语篇的人称不相符。
A
(2016·全国Ⅰ)My
uncle
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
that
I
live.Though
not
very
big，but
the
Restaurant
is
popular
in
our
area
.It
is
always
crowded
with
customers
at
meal
times.Some
People
even
had
to
wait
outside.My
uncle
tells
me
that
the
key
to
his
success
is
honest.Every
day
he
makes
sure
that
fresh
vegetables
or
high
quality
oil
are
using
for
cooking.My
uncle
says
that
he
never
dreams
becoming
rich
in
the
short
period
of
time.Instead，he
hopes
that
our
business
will
grow
steady.
B
(2016·全国Ⅱ)The
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ummer
holiday
is
coming.My
classmates
and
I
are
talking
about
how
to
do
during
the
holiday.We
can
chose
between
staying
at
home
and
take
a
trip.If
we
stay
at
home,
it
is
comfortable
but
there
is
no
need
to
spend
money.But
in
that
case,
we
will
learn
little
about
world.If
we
go
on
a
trip
abroad,
we
can
broaden
your
view
and
gain
knowledges
we
cannot
get
from
books.Some
classmates
suggest
we
can
go
to
places
of
interest
nearby.I
thought
that
it
is
a
good
idea.It
does
not
cost
many,
yet
we
can
still
learn
a
lot.
C
(2016·全国Ⅲ)The
teena
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge
year
from
13
to
19
were
the
most
difficult
time
for
me.They
were
also
the
best
and
worse
years
in
my
life.At
the
first，I
thought
I
knew
everything
and
could
make
decisions
by
yourself.However，my
parents
didn’t
seem
to
think
such.They
always
tell
me
what
to
do
and
how
to
do
it.At
one
time
，I
ever
felt
my
parents
couldn’t
understand
me
so
I
hoped
I
could
be
freely
from
them.I
showed
them
I
was
independent
by
wear
strange
clothes.Now
I
am
leaving
home
to
college.At
last，I
will
be
on
my
own，but
I
still
want
to
have
my
parents
to
turn
to
whenever
need
help.
D
(2016·四川高考)It
is
Moth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er’s
Day
today.Though
it’s
a
western
festival,
it’s
popular
in
China
now.
Mom
has
a
full
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )－time
job，so
she
has
to
do
most
of
the
houseworks.She
is
a
great
mother.Both
Dad
or
I
planned
to
do
something
on
Mother’s
Day.We
get
up
early
in
the
morning.Dad
cleaned
the
house，and
then
went
on
shopping.When
he
came
back，I
found
a
bunch
of
flowers
in
her
hand.I
asked
Mom
to
stay
in
the
sitting
room
and
I
cooked
in
kitchen.The
dishes
what
I
cooked
were
Mom’s
favoritest.At
dinner，we
said
to
her，“Happy
Mother’s
Day！”Mom
was
grateful
and
moving.
E
(2016·浙江高考)When
I
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as
a
very
young
children，my
father
created
a
regular
practice
I
remember
well
years
late.Every
time
he
arrived
home
at
end
of
the
day，we’d
greet
her
at
the
door.He
would
ask
who
we
was
and
pretend
not
to
knowing
us.Then
he
and
my
mother
would
have
had
a
drink
while
she
prepared
dinner
and
they
would
talk
about
his
day
and
hers.While
they
chat，my
father
would
lift
my
sister
and
me
up
to
sit
in
the
top
of
the
fridge.It
was
both
excited
and
frightening
to
be
up
there!
My
sister
and
I
thought
he
was
so
cool
for
putting
us
there.
A
(2015·全国Ⅰ)When
I
wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
child，I
hoped
to
live
in
the
city.I
think
I
would
be
happy
there.Now
I
am
living
in
a
city，but
I
miss
my
home
in
countryside.There
the
air
is
clean
or
the
mountains
are
green.Unfortunately，on
the
development
of
industrialization，the
environment
has
been
polluted.Lots
of
studies
have
been
shown
that
global
warming
has
already
become
a
very
seriously
problem.The
airs
we
breathe
in
is
getting
dirtier
and
dirtier.Much
rare
animals
are
dying
out.We
must
found
ways
to
protect
your
environment.If
we
fail
to
do
so，we’ll
live
to
regret
it.
B
(2015·全国Ⅱ)One
day，li
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttle
Tony
went
to
a
shopping
center
with
his
parent.It
was
very
crowded.Tony
saw
a
toy
on
a
shop
window.He
liked
it
so
very
much
that
he
quickly
walked
into
the
shop.After
looks
at
the
toy
for
some
time，he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.Tony
was
scared
and
begun
to
cry.A
woman
saw
him
crying
and
telling
him
to
wait
outside
a
shop.Five
minutes
later，Tony
saw
parents.Mom
said，“How
nice
to
see
you
again！Dad
and
I
were
terrible
worried.”Tony
promised
her
that
this
would
never
happen
again.
C
(2015·浙江高考)My
old
clas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sroom
was
interesting
because
three
side
of
the
classroom
were
made
from
glass.I
enjoyed
sit
close
to
the
windows
and
looking
at
the
view.On
the
left－hand
side
of
the
class，I
could
easy
see
the
football
field.In
the
mornings，it
was
full
of
students
exercising.The
view
from
the
back
of
the
classroom
is
also
splendid.Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
trees
around
them.Farther
in
the
distance，I
could
not
enjoy
the
view
of
snowy
mountains.On
the
right
side
of
the
class
was
the
road.I
was
always
interested
to
see
the
drivers
in
hurry
in
the
morning.The
position
of
the
classroom
with
its
view
made
me
felt
like
I
was
dreaming.If
I
was
only
a
child
when
I
studied
in
that
classroom，I
will
never
forget
it.
D
(2015·陕西高考)My
socc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
coach
retired
in
last
week.I
wanted
to
do
anything
special
for
him
at
his
retirement
party.My
mum
makes
the
better
biscuits
in
the
world，so
I
decide
to
ask
her
for
help.Mum
taught
me
some
basic
step
of
baking.I
insisted
on
doing
most
of
the
baking
myself.I
thought
the
biscuits
were
really
well.My
only
mistake
was
that
I
dropped
some
on
the
floor
after
I
was
packing
them
up.
At
a
party，my
coach
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，with
a
biscuit
in
his
mouth，asked
surprisingly
who
made
them
and
joked，“I
might
have
to
retire
again
next
year
just
get
some
more
of
these
biscuits.”
My
favorite
picture
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
the
party
is
of
my
coach
and
me
enjoy
the
biscuits
with
happy
laughter!
E
(2015·四川高考)
Hi,
Janice，
It’s
been
a
month
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
since
I
came
to
this
new
school
and
I
really
want
share
with
you
some
of
the
problems
I
have
been
experiencing.
As
I
tell
you
last
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
time,
I
made
three
new
friend
here.We
hang
out
together
during
lunch
and
after
school.We’ve
been
spending
a
lot
of
time
sing
in
karaoke
bars.It’s
been
three
Saturdays
now
and
it
really
costs
me
many.And
I
started
to
see
this
as
a
time－wasting
activity!
In
fact，I
don’t
like
to
go
anymore,
so
I’m
afraid
I’ll
lose
their
friendship.How
do
you
think
I
should
do
If
you
are
me，would
you
talk
to
him
Please
help
with
me
and
give
me
some
advice.
Grace
F
(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)Nearly
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
five
years
before，and
with
the
help
by
our
father，my
sister
and
I
planted
some
cherry
tomatoes(圣女果)in
our
back
garden.Since
then－
for
all
these
year－we
had
been
allowing
tomatoes
to
self－seed
where
they
please.As
result，the
plants
are
growing
somewhere.The
fruits
are
small
in
size，but
juicy
and
taste.There
are
so
much
that
we
often
share
them
with
our
neighbors.Although
we
allow
tomato
plants
to
grow
in
the
same
place
year
after
year，but
we
have
never
had
any
disease
or
insect
attack
problems.We
are
growing
wonderfully
tomatoes
at
no
cost!
G
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )My
dream
school
starts
at
8：30
a．m.and
ends
at
3：30
p．m.They
are
three
lessons
in
the
morning
and
two
in
the
afternoon.We
didn’t
need
to
do
so
many
homework.Therefore，we
have
more
time
with
after－school
activities.For
example，we
can
do
reading
for
one
and
a
half
hour
and
play
sports
for
one
hour
every
day.
My
dream
scho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ol
look
like
a
big
garden.There
are
all
kinds
of
the
flowers
and
trees
around
the
classroom
buildings.We
can
lie
on
the
grass
for
a
rest，or
sat
by
the
lake
listening
music.The
teachers
here
are
kind
and
helpfully.They
are
not
only
our
teachers
but
also
our
friends.
H
(2014·浙江高考)I
was
taki
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
a
train
to
London’s
Victoria
Station.I
had
noticed
that
the
carriage
was
noise
and
filled
with
people.
Before
long，a
train
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )spector
comes
to
check
our
tickets.A
passenger
realized
he
couldn’t
find
his
ticket
but
became
quite
upset.Then
everyone
in
the
carriage
began
searching
the
ticket，which
was
eventually
found
under
a
seat
several
rows
from
his
owner.The
person
who
found
a
ticket
smiled
with
pleasure
at
his
success.
No
one
in
the
carriage
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
had
previous
spoken
to
or
even
noticed
the
ticket－owner
before.Yet
they
had
so
quickly
offered
the
strangers
their
help.If
we
could
show
concern
to
others
on
need，the
world
would
be
a
better
place
to
live
in.
I
(2014·四川高考)Hel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lo，boys
and
girls！Today，I
am
going
to
talk
with
what
you
should
do
when
a
fire
alarm
go
off.If
you
hear
the
alarm，stand
in
line
at
the
door
and
wait
your
teacher
to
lead
you
outside.Stay
close
to
your
teacher
and
classmate.Don’t
panic
or
get
out
of
line，and
trying
to
remain
quiet
and
calmly.Soon
the
firefighters
will
come
and
put
out
a
fire.If
it’s
a
false
alarm
and
there
is
no
fire，your
teacher
will
lead
us
back
to
the
classroom.If
you
notice
that
when
someone
is
missing
and
hurt，tell
your
teacher
immediately.
J
(2014·陕西高考)My
fa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther
took
me
out
camping
for
the
first
time
when
I
was
seven.He
wanted
teach
me
about
animals，insects
and
trees.My
uncles
all
come
along
with
bows
and
arrows
for
hunting.
One
evening
at
sunset
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，we
sat
by
the
fire，have
our
barbecue.Just
then
a
bird
was
flying
over
us.My
uncles
immediate
jumped
up
and
shot
their
arrows
on
the
bird.Neither
of
the
arrows
hit
the
target.Suddenly
the
arrows
was
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky－they
were
looked
like
rain！We
ran
to
escape
but
fortunately
no
one
was
injured.
That
day
I
didn’t
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )earn
much
about
animals，insects
or
trees，but
I
learnt
a
impressive
lesson
about
gravity!
K
(2014·辽宁高考)
Dear
Jeremy
and
Alice，
Although
we’ve
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
delighted
to
have
you
as
neighbors，we’re
hoping
to
settle
something
that
bothers
to
us.In
a
word，your
dog－Cleo.
We’ve
called
sev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eral
time
about
Cleo’s
early
morning
barking.It
is
difficult
to
understanding
why
she
barks
every
minute
she’s
outside.The
early
morning
barking
have
been
disturbing
us
as
we
are
often
up
all
night
with
the
baby.Beside，Cleo
tends
to
bark
a
average
of
six
hours
a
day.This
morning
she
starts
barking
even
before
5
o’clock.That
is
too
much
for
us，considering
how
closely
the
houses
are.
We
appreciate
our
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pologies
and
goodwill，but
we
hope
that
you
can
figure
a
good
way
of
settling
the
matter.
Sincerely，
Jack
and
Rose
A
(2016·山东日照市高三第一次模拟)
Dear
Sir/Madam，
I
am
writing
to
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpress
a
complaint
about
the
Metropolitan
Museum.I
am
visiting
the
museum
from
2：00
to
5：00
on
yesterday
afternoon.I
would
have
enjoyed
a
perfect
afternoon
unless
it
had
not
been
for
an
unfortunate
incident.
I
was
in
the
Chine
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
Painting
Section
with
its
beautiful
display
of
world
famous
works
while
suddenly
I
was
astonished
to
smell
cigarette
smoke.I
turned
back
and
saw
a
young
man
smoke.I
looked
after
an
attendant
but
none.
You
will
agree
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
there
should
an
attendant
in
every
room
and
that
the
no－smoking
rule
should
be
firm
carried
out.I
look
forward
to
receive
your
reply
at
your
convenient
and
hope
for
the
solution
to
the
matter.
Yours
truly，
Johnson
B
(2016·广东揭阳一中
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、潮州金山中学高三下第一次联考)It
is
reported
that
thirty
cellphones
taken
away
by
teachers
during
the
examination
and
were
smashed(粉粹)
in
front
of
students
and
parents
at
a
high
school.As
to
this，we
hold
a
heated
discussion
the
other
day.There
are
two
different
viewpoints
about
them.
Some
think
it
nec
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )essarily.Firstly，with
cellphones，students
would
have
focused
their
attention
on
studying
instead
of
wasting
their
precious
time
reading
junk
message.Secondly，the
examination
will
be
fair
if
no
one
cheats
by
using
cellphones.However，the
others
don’t
think
so.For
one
thing，at
the
age
of
information，cellphones
have
become
a
necessity.For
another，students
can
use
cellphones
for
study.
Personal
spe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aking，even
if
some
students
use
cellphones
for
no
good
reason，we
should
educate
them
more
than
destroy
cellphones
in
such
an
extreme
way.
C
(2016·广西桂林、崇左市高三4
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )月联考)Never
shall
I
forget
the
first
English
lesson
giving
by
Miss
Liu.One
Monday
morning，when
she
entered
in
the
classroom，we
found
that
she
was
a
young
and
beautiful
lady.Then
she
introduced
herself
and
said
I
shouldn’t
call
her
Teacher
Liu
but
Miss
Liu.Late，she
let
us
go
to
the
blackboard
and
said
something
about
ourselves
in
English
in
turns.When
it
was
my
turn，I
felt
too
shy
that
I
didn’t
dare
to
say
anything
before
class.She
went
up
to
me
and
said
kind，“Don’t
be
afraid.I
believe
you
can
do
it
well.”
At
last，I
went
to
the
blackboard.She
praised
me
for
that
I
had
done.
D
(2016·宁夏银川九中高三第二
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )次模拟)Trying
to
come
to
a
decision
complete
on
your
own
can
be
risky.Some
decisions
are
very
important
that
they
shouldn’t
be
made
without
talking
to
others
first.There
have
several
advantages
if
you
consult
the
persons
you
trust.For
one
thing，they
can
give
you
valuable
advices
and
they
may
point
out
some
things
you
may
have
been
overlooked.For
another，friends
may
stop
you
make
big
mistakes.
When
consulting
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thers
about
important
decisions，you
should
keep
two
things
of
mind.The
first
one
is
that
you
need
to
find
someone
whom
you
respect
enough
to
trust
their
judgment.The
second
thing
to
consider
is
how
to
do
if
you
disagree
with
this
person.Maybe
turning
to
a
third
or
fourth
person
for
help
is
a
good
choice.In
word，making
any
big
decision
alone
can
lead
to
problems.Talking
to
friends
or
family
members
first
are
always
a
good
idea.
E
(2016·云南昆明市两区
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )七校模拟调研考试)Each
of
us
have
some
bad
habits.Once
you
get
into
a
bad
habit，you’ll
find
it
hard
to
get
rid
of
them.Anyone
who
has
tried
to
give
up
smoking
knows
this
very
well.
Of
course，if
you
develop
a
better
habit，you
will
benefit
a
lot
on
it.Now
my
80－years－old
grandpa
is
in
the
habit
of
taking
walk
after
dinner.That’s
why
he
is
not
in
good
health
most
of
the
time，though
he
caught
a
cold
now
and
then.I
have
developed
a
good
habit
of
keep
a
diary，so
I’m
good
at
writing.Habits，good
or
bad，make
you
which
you
are.The
key
to
success
is
to
form
a
good
habit.
F
(2016·江西赣中南五校高三
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )下第一次联考)I
am
grateful
to
my
English
teacher
Susan，at
whose
help
I
couldn’t
have
won
first
prize
in
the
English
Talent
Competition
for
high
school
student
last
week.
I
used
to
be
poorly
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
spoken
English.I
was
too
shy
to
speak
in
class.Since
she
teaches
us
last
term，she
has
been
encouraging
him
to
overcome
fear
and
speak
out
in
class.Thanks
to
her，I
have
made
great
progresses.Besides，I
practiced
several
times
in
the
front
of
her.It
was
her
advice
which
made
me
a
better
speaker
and
full
of
confidence.And
I
owe
my
success
to
her.
Susan
set
me
a
goo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
example.I
am
determined
to
become
an
English
teacher
when
I
grow
up.
G
(2016·安徽“皖南八校”高三第二次联考)
Good
morning，everyone!
I’d
like
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )share
a
quote
with
you，which
go
like
this：“Time
is
said
to
be
money，but
it
is
more—it
is
life.”
It
is
true
that
time
is
great
value.After
all，anything
is
more
precious
than
time.In
our
daily
life，we’ve
often
been
told
that
lose
time
will
never
return.To
be
honest，I
am
used
to
spend
plenty
of
time
playing
computer
games，what
made
me
fall
far
behind
my
classmates.Have
realized
how
much
time
I
wasted，I’ve
made
up
my
minds
to
work
hard
to
catch
up
with
them.Wasting
time
is
just
like
wasting
part
of
our
lives.Such
valuable
is
time
that
if
you
want
your
dreams
to
come
true，you
should
make
the
more
of
it.
H
(2016·四川成都市高
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三一诊检测)We
are
now
living
in
a
information
age，in
which
TV，cells
and
the
Web
are
wide
used.It
seem
that
many
people
cannot
enjoy
themselves
without
it.However，if
I
were
to
give
up
one
of
them，I
would
rather
turn
off
TV
than
to
switch
off
my
cell
or
cut
off
the
Internet.I
could
do
without
TV
because
few
shows
took
my
fancy
and
there
are
too
many
commercials.Besides，most
programs
on
TV
are
available
elsewhere，either.As
for
cells
and
the
Web，they
are
less
necessary
for
me.I
need
a
cell
to
keep
in
touch
my
friend
and
my
family.
I
(2016·山西四校高三第二次联考)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It
was
on
Sunday
so
I
didn’t
have
to
go
to
school
as
usually.My
parents
went
to
the
countryside
to
see
my
grandparents，left
me
alone.After
finishing
my
homework，I
began
to
play
football
at
home.All
of
a
sudden，I
kicked
the
ball
so
hardly
that
it
flew
right
onto
a
vase
and
broke
it.It
was
great
favorite
of
my
mother’s.I
decided
to
tell
my
parents
it
was
the
fault
of
the
cat
for
fear
that
she
should
punish
me.Therefore，when
they
got
home，I
hesitated
for
a
moment
and
told
them
that
truly
happened.Instead
of
punishing
me，they
just
hoped
that
I
will
never
make
so
a
foolish
mistake
again.
J
(2016·河北“五个一名校联盟”高三
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )教学质量检测)After
school，I
was
about
to
enter
into
my
apartment
when
I
saw
a
little
dirty
dog
lie
beside
the
dustbin.He
looked
extremely
weak.Immediately
the
homeless
dog
filled
me
of
sympathy.So
I
decided
to
take
him
home.I
gave
him
some
food
and
a
bath.After
the
bath
he
looked
energy
and
refreshed.What
a
lovely
dog!
When
my
parents
got
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )home，I
asked
that
I
could
keep
the
dog.To
my
surprised
and
joy，they
agreed.Up
to
now，he
has
become
member
of
our
family
and
everyone
had
enjoyed
his
company.Looked
at
the
cute
and
happy
dog
today，I
realize
that
I
was
right
to
help
him.I
offered
him
a
shelter
and
he
brought
ourselves
great
happiness
and
laughter.
A
(2015·河北衡水中学一调)Good
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
morning，everyone.It’s
great
honor
for
me
to
speak
here.My
name’s
Li
Xiaojun，born
in
a
harmonious
family.My
father
and
mother
are
all
high
school
teachers.Influenced
by
them，I
read
widely
during
my
early
age，but
I’ve
developed
a
great
interest
in
arts
and
sports.I’m
easy－going，get
along
well
with
my
classmates.
It
is
this
personality
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
which
helps
me
win
over
all
my
classmates’
friendships，and
also
help
me
overcome
many
difficulties
both
in
academic
and
personal
life.Being
admitted
in
your
university
has
always
been
a
beautiful
dream
for
me.I
dream
constantly
that
I，along
with
mine
classmates，will
study
happy
with
the
help
of
the
respectable
professors.I
dream
that
I
will
swim
freely
in
the
sea，enjoying
the
waves
of
knowledge.
I
hope
all
my
dream
will
come
true
in
the
near
future.Thank
you.
B
(2015·河南新乡许昌平顶山二调)
Dear
Mr.Green，
I
am
very
excit
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
to
learn
that
we
are
going
to
start
a
magazine
together.It
is
indeed
a
wonderful
idea
and
everyone
hopes
its
success.
I
would
like
a
ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gazine
to
have
three
columns.News，Teachers’
Advice
or
Students’
Voice.From
the
News
column
we
can
learn
about
what
was
going
on
in
both
of
our
schools.In
Teachers’
Advice，our
teacher
can
give
us
such
help
that
we
may
not
be
able
to
get
in
the
classroom.Students’
Voice
will
allow
us
to
free
express
our
thoughts
and
feelings
about
our
lives
and
studies.
I
believe
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
this
magazine
will
surely
strengthen
between
our
ties，and
I
am
looking
forward
to
read
it.
Yours
faithfully，
Li
Hua
C
(2015·海南三校联考)Nowadays，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
computer
technology
develops
very
fast
that
the
Internet
has
become
more
and
more
popular.Some
students
regarded
it
as
a
great
helper.Because
there
has
a
lot
of
information
on
line，so
you
can
surf
the
Internet
for
any
information
you
need
in
a
short
time
without
working
hard
in
the
library.This
is
also
very
convenient
to
talk
with
others
by
using
the
Internet.Moreover，other
students
think
that
there
is
some
information
on
line
which
is
not
good
for
students.In
addition，spend
too
much
time
playing
games
will
not
only
have
a
bad
effect
on
their
studies
but
also
do
harm
for
health.Therefore，we
should
make
properly
use
of
the
Internet.It
is
of
great
important
to
separate
good
plants
from
wild
weeds.
D
(2015·山西四校联考二)One
day
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I
pushed
my
cousin
Li
Dong
in
wheelchair
on
an
especial
narrow
sidewalk.We
struggled
along
with
one
wheel
on
the
sidewalk
or
the
other
on
the
road.Suddenly，a
man
riding
his
motorcycle
past
us
rapidly，missing
Li
Dong
by
several
inch.Immediately，he
turned
round，stopped
his
motorcycle
and
came
over.We
were
worried
she
would
blame
us
for
have
stood
in
his
way.To
our
surprise，he
said
nothing
at
all
and
helped
out
push
the
wheelchair
until
we
reached
a
slightly
wider
sidewalk.Then
he
left
after
we
could
say
thanks
to
him.We
were
leaving
ashamed
of
what
we
thought.
E
(2015·辽宁实验中学分校期中)It’s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very
kind
for
you
to
let
me
know
about
your
beautiful
city.Now
I’d
like
to
tell
you
something
about
your
beautiful
hometown.It
located
on
the
bank
of
a
river
and
it
is
a
beautiful
place
to
live
in.Its
economy
has
been
developing
rapid
in
the
past
two
decades.More
schools
and
hospitals
are
available
to
people.Besides，there
are
some
problems，such
as
water
and
air
pollution
and
heavy
traffics
in
rush
hours.In
my
opinion，my
hometown
should
develop
its
economy
scientifically.Something
must
be
doing
to
prevent
water
and
air
pollution
or
the
growth
of
its
population
should
be
brought
under
the
control
so
that
we’ll
have
a
better
hometown.
F
(2015·河南六市一模)
Dear
Sir/Madam，
I’m
glad
to
hea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
that
you
will
organize
an
adventure
trip.I’m
interested
on
adventure
and
extreme
sports
so
much.When
travelling，we
will
enjoy
ourselves
and
learn
everything
from
the
exploration，which
attracts
me
very
much.But
I
wonder
that
if
the
trip
will
be
exciting
and
relaxing.Personally，I
think
it’s
important
that
there
will
an
experienced
guide
in
the
group，whom
will
be
helpful
to
us.Beside，how
can
you
make
extreme
sports
like
bungee
jumping
easy
accepted
and
even
more
attractive
I
hope
that
all
the
ad
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )venture
would
be
interesting，fascinating
but
meaningful.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
Section
16　短文改错
【高考真题演练】
1．2016年高考真题
A
1．解析　考查宾语从句的连词用法。由句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句。从句谓语是不及物动词live。故用where引导。
答案　that→where
2．解析　考查从属连词与并列连词。从属连词though不可与并列连词but连用。
答案　去掉but
3．解析　考查语境中的时态运用。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般现在时。
答案　had→
have
4．解析　考查名词作表语。由句意“他成功的关键是诚信”可知应当用名词形式。
答案　honest→
honesty
5．解析　考查并列连词的用法。根据句意可知二者之间为并列关系而非选择关系。
答案　or→and
6．解析　考查固定短语的用法。be
used
for“用来做”，为固定短语。
答案　using→used
7．解析　考查短语动词。固定短语dream
of/about
(doing)
sth.的意思是“梦想做某事”。
答案　在dreams之后加上of或about
8．解析　考查代词的用法。in
a
short
period
of
time为固定词组，意思是“短时间内”。
答案　the→a
9．解析　考查冠词的用法。短文介绍了my
uncle诚信经营餐馆的事情，故将our改为his。
答案　our→his
10．解析　考查副词的用法。修饰谓语动词用副词。
答案　steady→steadily
B
1．解析　考查疑问词的用法。我和同学正在谈论假期里做什么。固定表达what
to
do，如果用how结构为how
to
do
sth.
答案　how→what
2．解析　考查动词形式。根据语法知识可知，情态动词can后要用动词原形。
答案　chose→choose
3．解析　考查非谓语动词的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用法。此处为between...and...结构，根据前面的staying
at
home可知，此处也要用动名词形式，与前面保持一致。
答案　take→taking
4．解析　考查连词的用法。如果呆在家里，感觉舒适，还不花钱。根据句意可知，此处应是并列关系，而不是转折关系。
答案　but→and
5．解析　考查定冠词的用法。此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。
答案　world前加the
6．解析　考查形容词性物主代词的用法。根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。
答案　your→our
7．解析　考查不可数名词的用法。knowledge为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
答案　knowledges→knowledge
8．解析　考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”，后面的宾语从句要用should
do形式，should可以省略，故答案有两种改法。
答案　去掉can或can→should
9．解析　考查一般现在时的用法。我认为这是一个好主意。根据上下文可知，此处并不是过去的看法，而是现在的看法。
答案　thought→think
10．解析　考查代词的用法。这样不会花很多钱。cost
much花费很多。此处也可理解为much
money的省略。
答案　many→much
C
【语篇导读】　本文主要讲述了青少与父母之间的关系。
1．解析　此处指13～19
岁的年龄，故用复数。
答案　year→years
2．解析　与前面的best并列，此处应用最高级。
答案　worse→worst
3．解析　at
first
固定短语。
答案　去掉the
4．解析　根据句意，此处指“我自己”。
答案　yourself→myself
5．解析　so
指已经提到的事。
答案　such→so
6．解析　此处应用过去时态。
答案　tell→told
7．解析　此处应用形容词作表语。
答案　freely→free
8．解析　此处用动名词作介词的宾语。
答案　wear→wearing
9．解析　固定搭配
leave
for
去……。
答案　to→for
10．解析　whenever引导状语从句，从句缺少主语I。
答案　whenever后加I
D
1．解析　前后句之间为转折关系。
答案　so→but
2．解析　housework是不可数名词。
答案　houseworks→housework
3．解析　both...and是固定搭配。
答案　or
→and
4．解析　这里说的是发生在过去的事情，因此用一般过去时。
答案　get→got
5．解析　go
shopping去买东西。
答案　去掉on
6．解析　爸爸去购物，从句主语是he，因此物主代词形式用his。
答案　her→his
7．解析　上文虽未提及kitchen，但听话者一定知其所指，因此，kitchen前加定冠词。
答案　kitchen前加the
8．解析　引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that/which，也可省略。
答案　what→which/that或去掉what
9．解析　favorite
为无等级形容词。
答案　favoritiest→favorite
10．解析　moving多用来修饰事物，moved用来指人。
答案　moving→moved
E
1．解析　因为前面有不定冠词a，所以这里用单数。故children改成child。
答案　children→child
2．解析　late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是“一段时间后面应该接later”，表示“……时间以后”。故late改成later。
答案　late→later
3．解析　at
the
end
of
为固定搭配。
答案　at后面加the
4．解析　根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him指代my
father，作greet的宾语。故her改成him。
答案　her→him
5．解析　这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。
答案　was→were
6．解析　pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend
not
to
do。故knowing改成know。
答案　knowing→know
7．解析　would
do
表示“过去常常做”。
答案　去掉had
8．解析　根据主句内容my
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
father
would
lift
my
sister
可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。故chat改成chatted。
答案　chat→chatted
9．解析　on
the
top
of...为固定搭配，意为“在……顶部”。故in改成on。
答案　in→on
10．解析　这句话的主语是形式主语i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，真正的主语是to
be
up
there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。
答案　excited→exciting
2．经典高考真题
A
1．解析　考查动词的时态。根据前面一句可知，这是发生在小时候的事情，故用一般过去时态。
答案　think→thought
2．解析　考查冠词的用法。in
the
countryside
(在乡村)为固定短语。
答案　countryside前加the
3．解析　考查并列词的用法。那儿的空气洁净，群山葱绿。由句意可知两个分句之间显然为并列关系，而非选择关系。
答案　or→and
4．解析　考查介词的用法。with
the
development
of...为一固定短语，意思是“随着……的发展”。
答案　on→with
5．解析　考查被动语态的用法。众多研究表
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )明，全球变暖已经成为一个十分严重的问题。由句意可知，studies和谓语show之间为主动关系，故要用主动语态。
答案　去掉been
6．解析　考查形容词的用法。修饰名词problem应当用形容词。
答案　seriously→serious
7．解析　考查不可数名词的用法。air作“空气”讲时为不可数名词。
答案　airs→air
8．解析　考查代词的用法。Animals为可数名词复数，故用many。
答案　Much→Many
9．解析　考查情态动词的用法。情态动词后面要接动词原形。
答案　found→find
10．解析　考查语境中代词的用法。依据前后句的语境及逻辑关系可知your与上下文相悖，结合句意应当改为our/the才能使句意通顺。
答案　your→our
B
1．解析　考查名词复数。由第五句中的“his
parents
were
missing.”可知此处应当用复数形式。
答案　parent→parents
2．解析　考查介词的用法。玩具是摆放在商店的橱窗里面的，故用介词in。
答案　on→in
3．解析　考查固定句型的用法。由语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )境可知，托尼非常喜欢这个玩具，于是快速走进商店。so...that...为固定句型，意思是“如此……以至于……”，故去掉very。
答案　去掉very
4．解析　考查省略的用法。After之后省去了主语he，he与look
at之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应当用现在分词。
答案　looks→looking
5．解析　考查宾语从句连接词的用法
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。动词found之后为宾语从句，从句为系表结构，意思完整，故将where去掉或改为没有词义且不作成分的that。
答案　去掉where或where→that
6．解析　考查并列谓语的用法。由句子结构可知，begin与was
scared并列，因此，要用一般过去时。
答案　begun→began
7．解析　考查并列谓语的用法
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。有一位妇女看到他哭泣就告诉他去商店外面等。由句意可知，tell这一动作是这个妇女发出的，应当与saw构成并列谓语。故改用told。
答案　telling→told
8．解析　考查冠词的用法。表示谈话双方共知的名词前要用定冠词。
答案　a→the
9．解析　考查物主代词的用法。根据句意及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语相一致的物主代词。
答案　saw后加his
10．解析　考查副词的用法。形容词worried之前要用副词来修饰。
答案　terrible→terribly
C
1．解析　考查名词的复数形式。前面有three修饰，故要用复数形式。
答案　side→sides
2．解析　考查固定表达。be
made
of是指不经过加工，能直接看出原材料；be
made
from是指经过加工，不能直接看出原料。
答案　from→of
3．解析　考查非谓语动词。动词enjoy后要接动名词作宾语。
答案　sit→sitting
4．解析　考查形容词和副词的错用。修饰动词see要有副词形式。
答案　easy→easily
5．解析　考查动词的时态。本文描述的是作者原来的旧教室，故要时态保持一致，用一般过去时。
答案　is→was
6．解析　考查代词的错用。代替前面的单数a
beautiful
park要用it。
答案　them→it
7．解析　考查逻辑关系。在更远处，我可以欣赏雪山的美景。
答案　not去掉
8．解析　考查固定表达。in
a
hurry匆匆忙忙。
答案　in后加a
9．解析　考查非谓语动词。make
sb
do...使某人做某事。
答案　felt→feel
10．解析　考查状语从句引导词。尽管在那座教室学习时我是唯一的一个孩子，但我将永远忘不了它。
答案　If→Although/Though
D
1．解析　last
week上个星期，前面无需加冠词。
答案　去掉in
2．解析　something用在肯定句中，表示“一些事”，anything“任何事”。
答案　anything→something
3．解析　我的妈妈做了世界上最好吃的饼干，此处不是比较含义，应是最高级(best)。
答案　better→best
4．解析　全文的时态都是一般过去时，故把decide改为decided。
答案　decide→decided
5．解析　根据前面的some，step应该是复数形式。
答案　step→steps
6．解析　作表语的是形容词good，well是副词，作状语。
答案　well→good
7．解析　我唯一所犯的错误就是当我包装饼干的时候，掉在地上一些。when/while当……的时候，after
在……之后。
答案　after→when/while
8．解析　此处表特指，at
the
party
在晚会上。
答案　a→the
9．解析　动词不定式表示目的，我也许得再退休一次，能吃到更多的饼干。
答案　just后加to
10．解析　and连接两个并列的(动)名词，enjoy是动词，所以改成enjoying。
答案　enjoy→enjoying
E
1．解析　考查动词want的用法，want后用不定式作状语，故加上to。
答案　want后加to
2．解析　考查时态。根据时间状语last
time可知，此句需用一般过去时，故把tell改成told。句意：正如我上次告诉你的那样。
答案　tell→told
3．解析　考查名词的复数。名词f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。
答案　friend→friends
4．解析　考查动名词作宾语。本句考查句型spend...(in)doing
sth结构，故把sing改成singing。
答案　sing→singing
5．解析　考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意：那真的花费很多。
答案　many→much
6．解析　考查连词。上一分句句意：我不想再去；下一分句句意：我怕失去他们的友谊，两个分句之间有转折关系，故把so改成but。
答案　so→but
7．解析　考查疑问词的选择。本句中do之后缺少宾语，故用what。
答案　How→What
8．解析　考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不符，故把are改成were。句意：如果你是我，……。
答案　are→were
9．解析　考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them。句意：你会和他们说吗？
答案　him→them
10．解析　考查动词。动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。句意：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。
答案　去掉with
F
1．解析　ago常与一般过去时连用；before常与完成时连用，这里谓语是planted，用的是过去式，故用ago。
答案　before→ago
2．解析　with
the
help
of...在……的帮助下。
答案　by→of
3．解析　由前面all
these可知应用year的复数形式。
答案　year→years
4．解析　根据时间状语“since
then”可知，主句应为现在完成时，所以把had变为have。
答案　had→have
5．解析　as
a
result为固定搭配，译为“结果”。
答案　as后加a
6．解析　因为种子落在哪里就在哪里生根发芽，所以这种植物长得到处都是。everywhere到处；somewhere某处。
答案　somewhere→everywhere
7．解析　are后面应用形容词，and连接形容词juicy和tasty。
答案　taste→tasty
8．解析　根据谓语are可知后面应用修饰可数名词的many，而much修饰不可数名词。
答案　much→many
9．解析　although引导让步状语从句，不可与but连用，但可以与yet连用。
答案　but去掉或改为yet
10．解析　因tomatoes为名词应用形容词修饰，所以把副词改为形容词。
答案　wonderfully→wonderful
G
1．解析　考查固定句型。There
be句型，表示“有”。故把They改为There。
答案　They→There
2．解析　考查动词时态。此处叙述每天要做的事情。应该用一般现在时，故把didn’t改为don’t。
答案　didn’t→don’t
3．解析　homework是不可数名词，故用much修饰。
答案　many→much
4．解析　考查介词词义辨析。此处句意是“为课外活动留出更多时间”。
答案　with→for
5．解析　考查名词单复数。one
and
a
half
hours为一个半小时。
答案　hour→hours
6．解析　考查主谓一致。school为单数名词，故谓语用looks。
答案　look→looks
7．解析　There
be句型中的名词是泛指概念，故去掉the。
答案　去掉the
8．解析　考查动词时态。根据前句内容可知此处是接情态动词can，故用动词原形。
答案　sat→sit
9．解析　考查固定短语。listen
to“听……”。
答案　listening后面加to
10．解析　此处and连接并列的两个形容词kind和helpful。
答案　helpfully→helpful
H
1．解析　考查时态一致。文章主体时态为一般过去时。
答案　去掉had
2．解析　考查词性。be动词后应用形容词，noise为名词。
答案　noise→noisy
3．解析　考查时态，before
long后用一般过去时。
答案　comes→came
4．解析　考查句子关系。一位乘客意识到他的票不见了，他开始不安起来。应为承接关系，而非转折关系。
答案　but→and
5．解析　考查固定搭配。search
for＝look
for寻找。
答案　searching后加for
6．解析　考查代词指代。此处是票的主人用its或主人the
owner。
答案　his→its/the
7．解析　考查冠词。上文提到过用the表特指。
答案　a→the
8．解析　考查形容词、副词用法。修饰动词的应为副词，previous是形容词。
答案　previous→previously
9．解析　考查前后一致。从上文看，丢票的是一个人，故应用单数。
答案　strangers→stranger
10．on→in
I
【语篇导读】　这是一篇实用文体，向读者介绍遇到火警时的正确做法。
1．解析　talk
with后面常跟指人的词，意思是“同某人交谈”。talk
about意为“谈论”。
答案　with→about
2．解析　表达客观事实通常使用一般现在时态。a
fire
alarm为单数名词，故谓语动词应当用单数第三人称形式。
答案　go→goes
3．解析　wait为不及物动词，后跟宾语时要加上介词for。
答案　在wait之后加上for
4．解析　classmate为可数名词，此处应当用复数形式。
答案　classmate→classmates
5．解析　根据and一词可知本句与前面的祈使句并列，所以应当用动词原形。
答案　trying→try
6．解析　由并列连词and可知本词与quiet都作系动词remain的表语。故词性应与quiet一致。
答案　calmly→calm
7．解析　前文已提到火灾，这里特指那场火。
答案　a→the
8．解析　根据短文意思可知这是老师告诉同学们的一些注意事项。用的均是第二人称。
答案　us→you
9．解析　宾语从句中使用了两个连接词，根据句意“如果你们注意到有人失踪或受伤……”可知when是多余的。
答案　去掉when
10．解析　如果某人失踪了，就无法判断他受伤与否。这两个词之间是选择关系，故用or。
答案　and→or
J
1．解析　考查非谓语动词。want
to
do
sth想要做某事，为固定搭配。
答案　He
wanted后加to
2．解析　考查动词时态。本文的主体时态为一般过去时。
答案　come→came
3．解析　考查非谓语动词。一个句子只能有一个谓语动词，因此此处应为非谓语动词作伴随状语。
答案　have→having
4．解析　考查形容词副词修饰关系。副词修饰后面的动词jumped
up。
答案　immediate→immediately
5．解析　考查介词的使用。shoot
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
at...朝……射击。下文的Suddenly
the
arrows
was
flying
down
at
us
from
the
sky.也给本句提供了答案。
答案　on→at
6．解析　考查不定代词。根据前文的arrows一词可以看出，此处不是只有两只箭，因此把Neither改为None，表示三支以上。
答案　Neither→None
7．解析　考查主谓一致。主语为复数形式arrows，谓语动词应用复数。
答案　was→were
8．解析　考查语态。look作为系动词，无需用被动语态。
答案　去掉were
9．解析　考查连词。根据句意：我们跑开了，幸运的是，没有人受伤。可以看出，此处为承接关系，并非转折关系。
答案　but→and
10．解析　考查冠词的使用。后面的impressive一词第一个读音为元音，因此用an。
答案　a→an
K
1．解析　bother为及物动词，无需加to。
答案　去掉to
2．解析　当“次数”讲时，time为可数名词。
答案　time→times
3．解析　动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形。
答案　understanding→understand
4．解析　主谓一致问题。主语为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。
答案　have→has
5．解析　besides除此之外，连词。beside在……一边，介词。
答案　Beside→Besides
6．a→an
7．解析　考查时态。今天早晨的事情自然用一般过去时。
答案　starts→started
8．解析　考查形容词close和closely的区别，房子距离近用close，具体意义；closely表抽象意义。
答案　closely→close
9．解析　考查人称代词。我们感激你的歉意，后句的you给本题提供了答案。
答案　our→your
10．解析　考查固定搭配。figure
out找出。
答案　figure后加out
【模拟试题精练】
1．2016年模拟试题
A
1．解析　考查动词时态。由于文章所叙述的是过去的事情，故动词要用过去式。
答案　am→was
2．解析　考查介词。在英语的表达中，yesterday
afternoon等表示时间的短语前不需要用介词。
答案　去掉yesterday前的on
3．解析　考查连词。根据对上下文的理
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )解，可知本句的意思是：要不是那种不愉快的事件，我会很享受这个下午的。因此，这是一个虚拟句，要用if引导。
答案　unless→if
4．解析　考查连词。根据句意，可知这是一个短暂性动作，故用when。
答案　while→when
5．解析　考查非谓语动词。根据本句的意思，可知要用see
sb
do
sth，意思是“看到某人正在做某事”。
答案　smoke→smoking
6．解析　考查介词。在英语中，lo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok
for
是固定搭配，意思是“寻找”，look
after是“照顾”，根据句意，要用look
for。
答案　after→for
7．解析　考查虚拟语气。由于本句中没有谓语动词，根据句意，要在should后加动词be。
答案　在should后面加be
8．解析　考查副词。根据句意，可知此处要用副词来修饰其后的动词词组carried
out。
答案　firm→firmly
9．解析　考查非谓语动词。在英语中，look
forward
to
doing
sth是固定搭配，意思是“期望做某事”。
答案　receive→receiving
10．解析　考查名词。at
one’s
convenience是固定搭配，意思是“在某人方便的时候”。
答案　convenient→convenience
B
1．解析　考查动词语态。cellph
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ones和take
away之间是被动关系，再根据后面的were，可知此处用一般过去时态的被动语态。故在cellphones
和
taken之间加were。
答案　taken之前加were
2．解析　考查动词时态。the
other
day几天前，可知用一般过去时态，故把hold改为held。
答案　hold→held
3．解析　考查代词。句意：关于这件事有两个不同的观点，故把them改为it。
答案　them→it
4．解析　考查形容词。句意：一些人认为是必要的。形容词在这里作宾语补足语，故把necessarily改为necessary。
答案　necessarily→necessary
5．解析　考查虚拟语气。“没有手机，学生将会集中精力在学习上”。故把with改为without。
答案　with→without
6．解析　考查名词。message是可数名词，“阅读垃圾信息”，故把message改为
messages。
答案　message→messages
7．解析　考查代词。some...，others...一些……，另一些……。故去掉the。
答案　去掉the
8．解析　考查固定搭配。in
the
age
of...，在……时代。故把at改为in。
答案　at→in
9．解析　考查副词。独立主格结构，副词修饰现在分词，故把Personal改为Personally。
答案　Personal→Personally
10．解析　考查固定搭配。句意：我们应该教育他们而不是毁掉他们的手机。rather
than而不是，故把more改为rather。
答案　more→rather
C
1．解析　考查分词的用法。在English
lesson后面作定语，中间省略了“which
is”。
答案　giving→given
2．解析　考查动词的用法。和“classroom”搭配时enter后面可以不加介词，用作及物动词。
答案　去掉in
3．解析　考查行文逻辑中人称代词的用法。与上文的“we”保持一致，指全班同学。
答案　I→we
4．解析　考查副词比较级的用法。形容词不能放在句首，副词可以。
答案　late→later
5．解析　考查动词短语的用法。let
somebody
do
something让某人做某事。
答案　said→say
6．解析　考查固定搭配的用法区别。in
turn“轮流，一个个地”，是固定短语。
答案　
turns→turn
7．解析　考查固定句式。so...that...太……以至于……。
答案　too→so
8．解析　考查冠词的用法。the
class指代的是“全班同学”。
答案　before后加the
9．解析　考查副词的用法。said
为动词，后面应接修饰它的副词，所以应为kindly“友善地”。
答案　kind→kindly
10．解析　考查关系词的用法区别。此处缺少“I
had
done”的谓语成分，所以应填what。
答案　that→what
D
1．解析　此处修饰谓语动词，所以用副词形式。
答案　complete→completely
2．解析　so...that...句式，表示“如此……以至于……”。
答案　very→so
3．解析　there
be句型表示“某地有某物/某人”。
答案　have→are
4．解析　advice为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
答案　advices
→advice
5．解析　句意：他们可能会指出你所忽视的东西。由句意及句子结构可知是主动意义，不可用被动语态。
答案　去掉been
6．解析　stop
sb
doing
sth阻止某人做某事。
答案　make→making
7．解析　keep
sth
in
mind为固定句式，意为“牢记某事”。
答案　of→in
8．解析　本句为一个表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故应当用what。
答案　how→what
9．解析　in
a
word为固定搭配，意思是“简而言之”。
答案　word前加a
10．解析　talking
to
friends
or
family
members
first为现在分词做主语，谓语动词应当用单数。
答案　are→is
E
1．解析　考查主谓一致。由句子主语Each
of
us可知，此处谓语应用单数形式。
答案　have→has
2．解析　考查代词。此处代指a
bad
habit，故用it。
答案　them→it
3.解析　考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处并没有表示比较的含义，故用形容词原级。
答案　better→good
4．解析　考查介词。benefit
from意为“得益于”，为固定搭配，故用介词from。
答案　on→from
5．解析　考查形容词。当用连字符连接起来的词作形容词使用时，复数名词应改为单数形式。
答案　80－years－old→80－year－old
6．解析　考查冠词。take
a
walk意为“散步”，为固定搭配，故用冠词a。
答案　taking后加a
7．解析　考查逻辑关系。根据though的提示可知，前后表示逻辑上的转折关系，由此可知爷爷身体很好，故把not去掉。
答案　删除not
8．解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据时间状语now
and
then可知，此处表示一种常态，故用一般现在时；主语为he，故谓语动词应用单数形式，即catches。
答案　caught→catches
9．解析　考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词keeping作介词of的宾语。
答案　keep→keeping
10．解析　考查名词性从
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句。who或what引导宾语从句，在从句中作are的表语，符合语境。which表示有所选择，意为“哪一个”，不符合语境。
答案　which→who/what
F
1．解析　考查介词。句意应为“没有老师的帮助我不会赢得一等奖”，故用介词without。
答案　at→without
2．解析　考查名词。高中学生应用名词复数students。
答案　student→students
3．解析　考查非谓语动词。speak与English为动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。
答案　speaking→spoken
4．解析　考查动词时态。根据时间状语last
term知应用一般过去时。
答案　teaches→taught
5．解析　考查代词。根据语境知“她一直鼓励‘我’克服恐惧……”。
答案　him→me
6．解析　考查名词。progress为不可数名词，无复数形式。
答案　progresses→progress
7．解析　考查冠词。in
the
front
of意为“在……的前部”，而in
front
of意为“在……的前面”。
答案　去掉
the
8．解析　考查强调句型。该句为强调句型，强调句子的主语。
答案　which→that
9．解析　考查连词。前后句为因果关系，故用连词so。
答案　And→So
10．解析　考查动词时态。Susan给我树立了一个好的榜样，指的是对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时。
答案　Susan后加has
G
1．解析　考查动词形式。定语从句的主语which代替的是a
quote，所以谓语动词用单数。
答案　go→goes
2．解析　考查介词。of
great
value＝
very
valuable，介词短语作表语。
答案　great前加of
3．解析　考查代词。由常识知，时间才是最珍贵的，此处是比较级句式表示最高级的意思。
答案　anything→nothing
4．解析　考查非谓语动词。过去分词作定语，lost
time
失去的时间。
答案　lose→lost
5．解析　考查助动词。此处表示过去常常，用时态助动词used
to。
答案　去掉am
6．解析　考查定语从句。先
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行词为playing
computer
games，所以引导非限制性定语从句的引导词用which。what是不能引导定语从句。
答案　what→which
7．解析　考查非谓语动词。realize这个动作发生在make
up
my
mind之前，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。
答案　Have→Having
8．解析　考查名词单复数。短语change
one’s
mind中mind随主语的单复数变化而变化，I
是单数，所以用mind。
答案　minds→mind
9．解析　考查副词。修饰形容词valuable，应用副词，故用so。
答案　Such→So
10．解析　考查固定短语。make
the
most/best
of充分利用。
答案　more→most/best
H
1．解析　考查冠词。age意为“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时代”，且被名词修饰，表示一个具体的或特指的概念，故用不定冠词或定冠词修饰。因为information的读音以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。
答案　a→the/an
2．解析　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用widely作状语。
答案　wide→widely
3．解析　考查时态和主谓一致。与主语It呼应，且与上句语境now呼应，故用一般现在时的单数形式，即seems。
答案　seem→seems
4．解析　考查代词。此处代指上文提到的TV、cells和the
Web，是复数概念，故用them。
答案　it→them
5．解析　考查固定搭配。would
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
rather
do...than
do...意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”，为固定搭配，故用动词原形形式。
答案　删除to
6．解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。由语境and
there
are可知，此处应用一般现在时，且由主语shows可知，应用take。
答案　took→take
7．解析　考查副词。too表示“也”，用于肯定句，而either则用于否定句。根据语境可知，此处应用too。
答案　either→too
8．解析　考查语境。由下文的“I
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eed
a
cell
to
keep
in
touch”可知，网络和手机对作者来讲更为需要，故此处用more。
答案　less→more
9．解析　考查介词。keep
in
touch
with
sb
意为“与某人保持联系”，为固定搭配，故用介词with。
答案　touch后加with
10．解析　考查名词的数。friend是可数名词，根据语境可知，应用名词的复数形式，即friends。
答案　friend→friends
I
1．解析　考查介词。本处意为“那是星期天”，无需加介词。
答案　删除on
2．解析　考查固定短语。as
usual“像往常一样”，是固定短语。
答案　usually→usual
3．解析　考查非谓语动词。父母去乡下看爷爷奶奶了，留下我一个人。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处为现在分词作结果状语。
答案　left→leaving
4．解析　考查副词。“踢球用力”应用副词hard；hardly意为“几乎不”。
答案　hardly→hard
5．解析　考查冠词。本处泛指“一个最喜爱的东西”，应用不定冠词；great的读音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
答案　great前加a
6．解析　考查代词。本处代指“我父母”，应用they。
答案　she→they
7．解析　考查副词。本处与上文形成转折：然而，父母到家后，我犹豫了片刻还是告诉了他们实情。故用However。
答案　Therefore→However
8．解析　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，应用what。
答案　that→what
9．解析　考查时态。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句也应用一般过去时，故将will改为would。
答案　will→would
10．解析　考查固定用法。根据“a
foolish
mistake”可知，应将so改为such，so后一般接形容词。
答案　so→such
J
1．解析　考查介词。enter
表示进入某个具体处所时，不需要加介词；enter
into后多跟抽象名词，表示进入某种状态。
答案　删除into
2．解析　考查非谓语动词。see
sb
doing
sth
意为“看到某人正在做某事”，符合语境，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。
答案　lie→lying
3．解析　考查介词。fill...with...意为“用……充满……”，为固定搭配，故用介词with。
答案　of→with
4．解析　考查形容词。look是系动词，后跟形容词作表语，故用形容词形式，即energetic。
答案　energy→energetic
5．解析　考查连词。根据语境可推知，作者当时是要征询父母的意见，表示是否，故用if或whether引导宾语从句。
答案　that→if/whether
6．解析　考查名词。根据and
joy和my可知，此处应用名词形式。
答案　surprised→surprise
7．解析　考查冠词。a
member
of...表示“……中的一员”。
答案　become后加a
8．解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据and前的has
become可知，此处应用现在完成时，且与主语everyone保持数的一致性，故用has。
答案　had→has
9．解析　考查非谓语动词。look和句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子谓语realize之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且look和句子主语I构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
答案　Looked→Looking
10．解析　考查代词。此处为固定搭配bring
sb
sth
，此处的sb
应用代词的宾格形式，即us。
答案　ourselves→us
2．经典模拟试题
A
1．解析　考查抽象名词具体化。honor此处用作可数名词。
答案　It’s
∧a
2．解析　考查不定代词的用法。爸爸和妈妈，是两个人。both两者都；all
三者或以上都。
答案　all→both或去掉all
3．解析　考查行文间的逻辑关系。根据意思，两个分句之间是并列关系。
答案　but→and
4．解析　考查非谓语动词或动词的用法。前面是系表结构，故get应当为非谓语形式getting，也可理解为并列谓语，故也可添加and。
答案　get→getting/and
get
5．解析　考查强调句型。这里是强调结构，强调主语this
personality。
答案　which→that
6．解析　考查主谓一致。根据并列连词and可知此空与前面的谓语动词helps应当一致。
答案　help→helps
7．解析　考查固定短语中的介词。“被……接纳或录取”通常译为be
admitted
to。
答案　in→to
8．解析　考查名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的用法。名词前应当使用形容词性物主代词。
答案　mine→my
9．解析　考查形容词与副词的转换。副词作状语，修饰动词study。
答案　happy→happily
10．解析　考查语境中名词的用法。dream为可数名词，限定词all之后的可数名词要用复数形式。
答案　dream→dreams
B
1．解析　考查形容词。我感到非常高兴。excited感到高兴的。
答案　exciting
→
excited
2．解析　考查介词。
hope
for希望，希望得到。动词hope后接不定式或that从句，不可直接接名词作宾语。
答案　hopes后加for
3．解析　考查冠词。我想要这个杂
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )志有三个栏目。前面．..start
a
magazine已经提到magazine，故第二次出现要用定冠词。
答案　a
→
the
4．解析　考查连词。新闻、老师的建议和学生之声。这里是对三个栏目的详细说明，所以要用and连接。
答案　or
→
and
5．解析　考查时态。从新闻栏目我们可以了解到我们学校正在发生的事情。根据句意可知要用现在进行时。
答案　was
→
is
6．解析　考查名词。我们的老师能够给我们提供帮助。表示“我们的老师”要用复数形式。
答案　teacher
→
teachers
7．解析　考查定语从句。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )老师能够给我们提供在教室里得不到的帮助。such...as...象……这样的……。根据句子结构可知，动词get缺少宾语，由此可判断出此处是定语从句，而不是结果状语从句。
答案　that
→
as
8．解析　考查副词。自由地表达我们的想法和情感。修饰动词express要用副词freely。
答案　free
→
freely
9．解析　这本杂志将会加强我们的联系。our
ties作动词strengthen的宾语，between多余。
答案　去掉between
10．解析　考查非谓语动词。固定表达look
forward
to中的to为介词，后接名词或动名词。
答案　read
→
reading
C
1．解析　考查固定句型。so...that...如此……以至于……。
答案　very→so
2．解析　考查时态。根据第一句话nowadays可知要用一般现在时。
答案　regarded→regard
3．解析　考查固定句型。there
be...表示有……。
答案　has→is
4．解析　考查连词。在英语中“有because不可再用so”。
答案　去掉so
5．解析　考查代词。it
is
convenient
to
do...做某事很方便。it做形式主语。
答案　This→It
6．解析　考查副词。然而，一些学生认为网
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上有些不好的信息，与第二行提到Some
students
regarded
it
as
a
great
helper表示对比，故用however。moreover再者，此外，而且，不符合语境。
答案　Moreover→However
7．解析　考查动名词作主语。玩游戏花费过多的时间不仅仅影响学习还有害健康。
答案　spend→spending
8．解析　考查固定短语。do
harm
to
对……有害。
答案　for→to
9．解析　考查形容词。make
use
of
利用，use是名词，故用形容词来修饰。
答案　properly→proper
10．解析　考查名词。be
of
importance
＝be
important
重要。因前有形容词great所以不可去掉介词of。
答案　important→importance
D
1．解析　考查冠词。wheelchair为可数名词，此处泛指坐在轮椅上，用in
a
wheelchair。
答案　in后加a
2．解析　考查副词。修饰形容词narrow要用副词形式。
答案　especial
→especially
3．解析　考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示“一个……和另一个……”，不是or选择关系。
答案　or→
and
4．解析　考查动词。此处应该用谓
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语动词，因为主语是a
man
riding
his
motorcycle一个骑摩托车的人，从整篇短文来看，又是叙述已经过去的故事，故用过去时passed。past
adj.以前的，过去的prep.从……旁边过去n.过去，昔时，往事。
答案　past→
passed
5．解析　考查名词。several
后接复数名词。
答案　inch→
inches
6．解析　考查代词。根据上文a
man
riding
his
motorcycle中可知指代man。
答案　she
→he
7．解析　考查非谓语动词。介词for后面应该用名词或动名词。
答案　have→
having
8．解析　考查动词。help
(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to)
do
sth，帮助做某事，故去掉help后面的out。help
out帮助，帮助……出来，后面接名词、代词作宾语，不接不定式结构。
答案　去掉help后面的out
9．解析　考查连词。从上下文可知，这里应该是“我们还没来得及说声感谢，他就离开了”。
答案　after→
before
10．解析　考查动词。给
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们留下了羞愧。leave在这里表示“使处于某种状态”，构成leave
sb＋adj.复合结构，主语we与动词leave之间为动宾关系，所以要用被动形式。
答案　leaving
→
left
E
1．解析　考查介词。It
is
kind
of
sb
to
do
sth某人做某事真是太好了。
答案　for→of
2．解析　考查代词。根据Now
I’d
like
to可知要介绍的是“我”家乡的情况。
答案　your→my
3．解析　考查固定表达。be
located
in/on
坐落于……。本文用的是一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则在located前加is。
答案　located前加is
4．解析　考查副词。修饰动词develop应该用副词形式。
答案　rapid→rapidly
5．解析　考查介词。更多学校和医院可以让人们使用。be
available
for有效；对……有用。
答案　to→for
6．解析　考查副词。根据前后句内容可知此处是表示转折关系。
答案　Besides→However
7．解析　考查名词。traffic是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
答案　traffics→traffic
8．解析　考查非谓语动词。此处表示被动。
答案　doing
→done
9．解析　考查连词。根据内容可知此处是并列句，都是需要控制的问题。
答案　or→and
10．解析　考查冠词。under
control在控制下。
答案　去掉control前的the
F
1．解析　考查固定短语中的介词。be
interested
in
(对……感兴趣)为固定短语。
答案　on→in
2．解析　考查不定代词的用法。根据句意并联系生活常识可知，我们在旅行中可学到某些东西，并非一切。
答案　everything
→
something
3．解析　考查宾语从句的连接词。宾语从句中只能用一个连词。wonder含有疑问的意思，后面的宾语从句也不能用that引导。
答案　去掉if之前的that
4．解析　考查there
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的用法。There
be句型的一般将来时是There
will
be
或There
is/are
going
to
be。
答案　will∧be
5．解析　考查代词主、宾格的用法。此定语从句的先行词指人，关系代词作主语，应当用主格形式。
答案　whom→who
6．解析　考查形近异义词的用法。beside是介词，“在……旁边”；besides是副词，“此外，再者”。
答案　Beside→Besides
7．解析　考查副词和形容词的用法区别。这里的意思是“很容易被接受”，修饰动词要用副词。
答案　easy→easily
8．解析　考查名词复数。adventure是可数名词。
答案　adventure→adventures
9．解析　考查行文间时态的一致性。根据I
hope可知，adventure活动尚未进行，显然是表达对将来的愿望。
答案　would→will
10．解析　考查逻辑关系的判断能力。interesting，fascinating和meaningful三个词之间是并列关系。
答案　but→and
Section