Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
【探究发现】
阅读下列例句并感知其句型结构
1.(教材P2)My name is Amy.
2.(教材P3)A boy meets a girl during a break.
3.(教材P6)We must act.
4.(教材P6)The teacher found the classroom empty.
5.(教材P6)My mum bought me a new dictionary.
6.There is no need arguing about this matter.
【自主归纳】
1.句 是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语”结构。
2.句 是“主语+系动词+表语”结构。
3.句 是“主语+谓语(不及物动词)”结构。
4.句 是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构。
5.句 是“There be…”结构。
6.句 是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
一、句子的基本成分
英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
1.主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当, 通常置于句首。有时用it作形式主语。
①Who’s knocking at the door
②It’s good to swim in summer.
2.谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
①She loves him deeply in her heart.
②I will wait for you at the school gate.
3.表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态或特征,一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子等充当,位于连系动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。
①He looks very angry.
②The dictionary is in the bag.
4.宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
①He wrote many plays.
②I saw a cat in the tree.
5.宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充或说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。
①I’ve never seen her dancing.
②Father will not allow us to play on the street.
6.定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明,一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当,位置可在所修饰的词之前,也可在所修饰的词之后。
①Our country is a developing country.
②Do you have time to help us
7.状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。
①We like English very much.
②He is playing under the tree.
③When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.
8.同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且句法功能也一样,那么后一项称为前一项的同位语。
①We students should study hard.
②Tom, a middle school student, comes from the USA.
二、句子的八种基本句型
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成八种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这八种基本句型是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
基本句型一:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)
在该句式中,句子的主语和谓语能表达完整的意思,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
1. We all breathe, eat, and drink.
主语(平行)谓语
2. What he said does not matter.
主语 谓语
基本句型二:Subject (主语)+Linking verb(系动词)+Predicative(表语)
在该句式中,常见的系动词有be, feel/sound/taste/look, grow/become/get/turn, remain等, 其后常接名词、形容词、从句等作表语。
1. .
2. The dinner smells good.
主语 系动词 表语
3. The trouble is that they are short of money.
主语 系动词 表语
基本句型三:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)
在该句式中,谓语为及物动词,宾语可以是名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。
1. .
2. He has refused to help them.
主语 谓语 宾语
3. They ate what was left over.
主语 谓语 宾语
基本句型四:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object(直接宾语)
在该句式中,谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面,直接宾语在后面。
1. .
2. .
[温馨提示] 若要先说直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助介词to或for。后面接双宾语时加to的动词有:bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write等; 后面接双宾语时加for的动词有:buy, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, save, spare等。
如: Two years ago, my mother bought me a nice watch on my birthday.
→Two years ago, my mother bought a nice watch for me on my birthday.
基本句型五:Subject(主语)+Verb (谓语)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)
在该句式中,谓语动词加宾语再加宾补才能表达完整的意思, 宾补可以是形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。
1. .
2. often .
3.
.
4. .
基本句型六:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Adverbial(状语)
1. .
2. .
基本句型七: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)+Adverbial(状语)
.
基本句型八: There be 句型
There are 50 students in our class.
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 指出下列句子所属的句型
1.We are the master of our own future.
2.An old man was walking slowly and carefully.
3.Farmers grow lots of vegetables.
4.Friends made my life full of excitement.
5.The sun was shining.
6.Granny told me a very interesting story last night.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.The meeting (将持续两个小时) because we can’t cover that much ground in one hour.(last)
2. (我的家乡发生了巨大的变化) in the past ten years.(take place)
3.Every afternoon
(许多学生来图书馆) to borrow books. (come)
4. (我给Mary写了一封信) last night, explaining what had happened. (write)
5. (我们制订了一个计划) to fulfil the project within three weeks. (make)
6. (我妹妹告诉了我一个事故) that happened on her first day at school. (tell)
7.
(他给妈妈买了一件新大衣) with his first month’s salary. (buy)
8.Every morning
(我们听到他大声朗读英语) in the classroom. (hear)
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
【自主归纳】
1.2 2.1 3.3 4.5 5.6 6.4
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.主语+系动词+表语 2.主语+谓语+状语 3.主语+谓语+宾语 4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 5.主语+谓语 6.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语+状语
●Ⅱ 1.will last two hours
2.Great changes have taken place in my hometown
3.a lot of students come to the library
4.I wrote a letter to Mary
5.We have made a plan
6.My sister told me an accident
7.He bought a new coat for his mother/bought his mother a new coat
8.we hear him reading English aloudPeriod Three Discovering Useful Structures
●Ⅰ 指出下面的句子是哪一类句型(每小题3分,满分15分)
1.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.
2.That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.
3.Would you please pass me the dictionary
4.This kind of food tastes delicious.
5.The terrible sound made the children frightened.
●Ⅱ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分15分)
1. when he isn’t working.(like)
他不工作的时候喜欢画画。
2.
on my birthday last week. (buy)
上周我父亲在我生日那天给我买了一辆新自行车。
3. on the playground just now (see)
你刚才看到李明在操场上踢足球了吗
4. when spring comes. (get)
当春天到来时, 白天就会变得越来越长。
5. to read a few stories to my daughter every night before she goes to bed. (it作形式宾语)
我每天晚上在女儿睡觉之前给她读几个故事, 这已经成为惯例。
●Ⅲ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·湖南怀化高一期中]
As we all know, senior high school life is full of challenges. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity 1. (acquire) great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. Most 2. (important), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.
Put simply, potential is your natural ability 3. can be developed when you try hard enough. The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence 4. your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to your country. Over the next three years, you 5. (discover) your potential while you develop as 6. student and as a person.
To fully realize the potential, it is important for you to make the most of school 7. (resource). Of equal importance are good study habits, 8. (use) skills and a positive attitude. In time you will find 9. (you) growing into a well-rounded individual.
Senior high school will help students learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for 10. (realize) your great potential. Be confident, do your best and make us proud!
●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·山东省百师联考高一期中]
The first day of high school felt like a big adventure, but also a bit terrible. I didn’t know how important studying would be, and I didn’t have any plans for what I wanted to do later in life.
My friend, Alex saw that I wasn’t really into school. One day, after a boring science class, he talked to me. “You can do better,” he said seriously. “You just need to put in some effort.” His words made me think.
I started to focus more in class, trying to really understand what the teachers were saying. Alex and I would study together, and he would help me with the difficult parts. Gradually (逐渐地), things that I didn’t make sense of before started to click.
One day, while we were working on a science problem, I had a moment of understanding. I realized that learning is not just about getting good marks; it’s about exploring new ideas and enjoying the challenge of solving problems. It felt great to make things out.
As time went by, my grades got better, and so did my attitude towards school. I started to think about what I wanted to do when I grew up and made plans for college. I understood that high school was a chance to get ready for my dreams.
Now, I’m thankful for that moment when I realized how important learning is and for Alex’s help. It showed me that school is a place to discover what you love and to work towards your goals. I look forward to each day, knowing that every bit of learning brings me closer to becoming the person I want to be.
( )1.What do we know about the author from Paragraph 1
A.He was excited and ready.
B.He made no plans for the future.
C.He played an adventurous game.
D.He wanted to challenge himself.
( )2.What did Alex do to help the author
A.He gave the author extra homework.
B.He made science classes more interesting.
C.He encouraged the author to work harder.
D.He made efforts to change the author’s interest.
( )3.What made the author see the value of learning
A.Getting a high mark.
B.A talk with a teacher.
C.Visiting an ideal college.
D.Solving a science problem.
( )4.Which would be the best title for the text
A.The journey to loving learning
B.The importance of studying hard
C.Discovering my future work
D.My best friend in high school
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·辽宁丹东阶段测试]
How to be a successful high school student
Being a successful high school student requires both patience and power. There may be many distractions (使人分心的事) during teen years. To become a successful student, you have to say “no” to them. 1. The following are some tips you can try.
Remember that school is important.
The truth is that school is important. You need it to get into a good college and later get a good career that will support you for the rest of your life. 2. It’s important to have fun and have lots of activities, but school should always be your number one work. Never take homework and tests lightly!
3.
Make sure you have everything you need. If your teacher likes to lecture, have a notebook to help you remember. Keep papers in order. They’ll be easier to find later. If your binder (活页夹) starts to get full, put old papers into another binder to keep at home. This way you won’t have to put them around, but they will be there when you are studying for tests.
Make friends.
There’s too much going on to worry about: who’s friends with whom, who the popular people are. 4. Be confident and be yourself. Get into the habit of saying “Hi” to people and not being afraid to talk to new classmates. The more comfortable you become with people, the more people will like you.
Take part in a sport.
It’s easy to forget to stay in shape when the work becomes more, so joining a team makes it less worrying. If you’re going for all three seasons, that’s great, but make sure you’re being practical with your time. Try your hardest at both your sport and your schoolwork and you should be more than great. 5.
A.Make a plan.
B.Stay organized.
C.It may be hard, but hard work always pays off.
D.You’re healthy and on top of your schoolwork.
E.Make friends with someone who takes school seriously.
F.The best thing to do is be friendly to and with everyone.
G.Even if you decide not to go to college, school does help a lot socially.
●Ⅵ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·福建龙岩高一期中]
I knew that my first day of senior high school would be challenging. I was 1 that I would spend my first day in senior high school.
On Monday I was 2 for my first day of senior high school. My backpack was 3 with materials I needed, such as pencils, notebooks and so on. I hoped the first day of senior high school would go 4 . Finally the first day of school 5 . As I walked into the classroom, I saw my first class was 6 . I didn’t do well in maths. Doing maths at first in the morning could be 7 . I was surprised at what the maths teacher said, “ 8 wherever you’d like. There are no fixed seats in maths class.” My maths teacher was 9 very nice, and I liked her from the start. My next class was English. My English teacher was Ms Popstar. She was so knowledgeable that we 10 her. After lunch I had a biology class, I figured the day was closing out and I didn’t feel too 11 about senior high school.
I knew this year was going to be a 12 because I started to realize that I was growing up to be an adult. I would 13 my classes. There were many fun and unknown things for me to 14 in senior high school. I 15 some new friends and new teachers that were so nice and welcoming on the first day.
( )1.A.careless B.nervous
C.annoyed D.amazed
( )2.A.preparing B.looking
C.asking D.calling
( )3.A.satisfied B.disappointed
C.impressed D.filled
( )4.A.suitable B.advanced
C.perfect D.expert
( )5.A.passed B.missed
C.improved D.arrived
( )6.A.Chinese B.maths
C.PE D.physics
( )7.A.tiring B.doubtful
C.unique D.informal
( )8.A.Stand B.Leave
C.Sit D.Play
( )9.A.actually B.secretly
C.officially D.partly
( )10.A.tested B.cheated
C.admired D.helped
( )11.A.strange B.dangerous
C.wonderful D.bad
( )12.A.job B.change
C.plan D.goal
( )13.A.give up B.concentrate on
C.believe in D.carry out
( )14.A.recommend B.exchange
C.explore D.support
( )15.A.met B.recognised
C.tracked D.greeted
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.1.主语+谓语+状语
2.主语+谓语+宾语+状语
3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
4.主语+系动词+表语
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
Ⅱ.1.He likes drawing
2.My father bought me a new bike/bought a new bike for me
3.Did you see Li Ming playing football
4.The day gets longer and longer
5.I have made it a rule
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高中生活是充满挑战的,但挑战也是提升自我、获得知识和享受成长的机遇,要充分利用学校资源来发掘自身潜力。
1.to acquire 考查动词不定式。have the opportunity to do sth是固定短语,意为“有机会做某事”。故填to acquire。
2.importantly 考查副词。修饰整个句子作状语,应用副词importantly(重要地)。故填importantly。
3.which/that 考查定语从句引导词。此句是定语从句,先行词your natural ability在从句中作主语,用关系代词which或者that引导从句。故填which/that。
4.in 考查介词。have confidence in…是固定短语,意为“对……有信心”。故填in。
5.will discover 考查时态。结合时间状语over the next three years可知,句子用一般将来时。故填will discover。
6.a 考查不定冠词。根据and as a person可知,此处表示泛指,应填不定冠词作限定词,student是以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
7.resources 考查名词复数。resource是可数名词,结合语境,这里用复数形式。故填resources。
8.useful 考查形容词。空处修饰名词,应用形容词useful作定语。故填useful。
9.yourself 考查反身代词。这里的宾语和主语you为同一个人,结合句意“发现自己”可知,应用反身代词形式。故填yourself。
10.realizing 考查动名词。空处作介词的宾语,应用动名词。故填realizing。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在刚上高中时对学习缺乏重视,同时也没有规划未来,但在好友Alex的鼓励和帮助下,作者逐渐认识到学习的重要性,开始享受探索新知的过程,并为自己的未来积极规划。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“The first day of high school felt like a big adventure, but also a bit terrible. I didn’t know how important studying would be, and I didn’t have any plans for what I wanted to do later in life.”可知,作者在高中第一天没有为将来做计划。故选B项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“One day, after a boring science class, he talked to me. ‘You can do better,’ he said seriously. ‘You just need to put in some effort.’ His words made me think.”可知,Alex注意到了作者对学习缺乏兴趣,鼓励他更加努力。故选C项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段“One day, while we were working on a science problem, I had a moment of understanding. I realized that learning is not just about getting good marks; it’s about exploring new ideas and enjoying the challenge of solving problems. It felt great to make things out.”可知,当作者与Alex一起解决一个科学问题时,他的观点发生了变化,他意识到了学习的好处。故选D项。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The first day of high school felt like a big adventure, but also a bit terrible. I didn’t know how important studying would be, and I didn’t have any plans for what I wanted to do later in life.”以及最后一段的“Now, I’m thankful for that moment when I realized how important learning is and for Alex’s help.”可知,本文讲述了作者在刚上高中时对学习缺乏重视,同时也没有对未来的规划,但在好友Alex的鼓励和帮助下,逐渐认识到学习的重要性,开始享受探索新知的过程,并为自己的未来积极规划。A项(爱上学习之旅)适合做本文的标题。故选A项。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名成功的高中生提出了四条建议。
1.C 根据上文“To become a successful student, you have to say ‘no’ to them.”和下文“The following are some tips you can try.”可知,上文提到要成为一名成功的高中生,必须对使人分心的事说“不”,下文介绍一些可以尝试的建议。C项“It may be hard, but hard work always pays off.”(这可能很困难,但努力总是会有回报的。)承上启下,符合语境,且it指代说“不”这件事。故选C项。
2.G 根据本段主旨句“Remember that school is important.”和空处上文“You need it to get into a good college and later get a good career that will support you for the rest of your life.”可知,本段主要介绍了学校的重要性。G项“Even if you decide not to go to college, school does help a lot socially.”(即使你决定不去上大学,学校在社交方面确实有很大的帮助。)是对上文的补充说明,进一步突出学校的重要性,符合语境。故选G项。
3.B 空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Make sure you have everything you need. If your teacher likes to lecture, have a notebook to help you remember. Keep papers in order.”可知,本段主要讲述了做事情要有条理。B项“Stay organized.”(保持条理性。)符合语境。故选B项。
4.F 根据上文“There’s too much going on to worry about: who’s friends with whom, who the popular people are.”和下文“Be confident and be yourself.”可知,上文提到交朋友有很多顾虑,下文提到要自信,由此可知,空处应该讲述的是正确的交朋友的方法。F项“The best thing to do is be friendly to and with everyone.”(交朋友最好的方法就是用善意对待每个人。)符合语境。故选F项。
5.D 根据上文“Try your hardest at both your sport and your schoolwork and you should be more than great.”可知,上文提到在运动和功课上尽最大努力,D项“You’re healthy and on top of your schoolwork.”(你很健康,功课也很好。)是尽最大努力后的结果,承接上文,符合语境。故选D项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者第一天去上高中的经历,作者既兴奋又紧张,对未来高中生活充满了希望和期待。
1.B 根据前文“I knew that my first day of senior high school would be challenging.”可知作者对第一天的高中生活感到紧张。故选B项。careless粗心的; nervous紧张的; annoyed烦恼的;amazed惊讶的。
2.A 根据下文“My backpack was…with materials I needed, such as pencils, notebooks and so on.”可知作者是为高中第一天做准备。故选A项。prepare准备;look看;ask询问;call打电话。
3.D 根据下文“…materials I needed, such as pencils, notebooks and so on.”可知这些文具填满了书包。故选D项。satisfy使……感到满意;disappoint使……失望; impress给……留下深刻的好印象; fill填满。
4.C 根据前文“On Monday I was … for my first day of senior high school. My backpack was…with materials I needed, such as pencils, notebooks and so on.”可知作者希望高中的第一天会过得很顺利。故选C项。suitable合适的;advanced先进的; perfect完美的;expert熟练的,内行的。
5.D 根据前文finally以及作者做的准备可知开学第一天终于来了。故选D项。pass通过;miss错过; improve改善; arrive到来。
6.B 根据下文“I didn’t do well in maths.”可知作者的第一节课是数学。故选B项。Chinese汉语;maths数学; PE体育; physics物理。
7.A 根据前文“I didn’t do well in maths.”可知数学课让作者感到疲劳。故选A项。tiring使人疲劳的;doubtful怀疑的;unique独特的; informal非正式的。
8.C 根据下文“There are no fixed seats in maths class.”可知老师让同学们坐下。故选C项。stand站立;leave离开;sit坐;play玩。
9.A 根据下文“…I liked her from the start.”可知作者的数学老师确实非常好。故选A项。actually实际上;secretly秘密地;officially官方地;partly部分地。
10.C 根据前文“She was so knowledgeable…”可知作者他们非常敬佩英语老师。故选C项。test测试; cheat欺骗;admire钦佩; help帮助。
11.D 根据下文“I…some new friends and new teachers that were so nice and welcoming on the first day.”可知作者这一天过得还不错。故选D项。strange陌生的;dangerous危险的;wonderful美妙的;bad坏的。
12.B 根据下文“…because I started to realize that I was growing up to be an adult.”可知作者成为高中生并且逐渐成长为大人, 这是一个巨大的改变。故选B项。job工作;change变化;plan计划;goal目标。
13.B 根据下文“There were many fun and unknown things for me to…in senior high school.”可知作者需要集中精力专心上课。故选B项。give up放弃;concentrate on集中精力于;believe in相信;carry out实施。
14.C 根据前文“There were many fun and unknown things…”可知作者有很多事情去探索。故选C项。recommend推荐;exchange交换;explore探索;support支持。
15.A 根据下文“…some new friends and new teachers that were so nice and welcoming on the first day.”可知作者在第一天遇到了很多新同学和新老师。故选A项。meet遇见; recognise认出;track跟踪;greet问候,迎接。(共68张PPT)
Period Three
Discovering Useful Structures
语法归纳
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
【探究发现】
阅读下列例句并感知其句型结构
1.(教材P2)My name is Amy.
2.(教材P3)A boy meets a girl during a break.
3.(教材P6)We must act.
4.(教材P6)The teacher found the classroom empty.
5.(教材P6)My mum bought me a new dictionary.
6.There is no need arguing about this matter.
【自主归纳】
1.句___是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语”结构。
2.句___是“主语+系动词+表语”结构。
3.句___是“主语+谓语(不及物动词)”结构。
4.句___是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构。
5.句___是“There be…”结构。
6.句___是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
2
1
3
5
6
4
一、句子的基本成分
英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、
定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
1.主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相
当于名词的词组或句子充当, 通常置于句首。有时用it作形式主语。
①Who's knocking at the door
②It's good to swim in summer.
2.谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,
位于主语之后。
①She loves him deeply in her heart.
②I will wait for you at the school gate.
3.表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态或特征,一般由名词、形容词或
相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子等充当,位于连系动词之后,与
连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。
①He looks very angry.
②The dictionary is in the bag.
4.宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的
词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
①He wrote many plays.
②I saw a cat in the tree.
5.宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充或说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、
形容词等充当。
①I've never seen her dancing.
②Father will not allow us to play on the street.
6.定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明,一般由形容词、名词、
代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当,位置可在所修饰
的词之前,也可在所修饰的词之后。
①Our country is a developing country.
②Do you have time to help us
7.状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副
词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。
①We like English very much.
②He is playing under the tree.
③When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.
8.同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且句法功能也一样,那
么后一项称为前一项的同位语。
①We students should study hard.
②Tom, a middle school student, comes from the USA.
二、句子的八种基本句型
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成八种基本句型及其扩大、组合、
省略或倒装。掌握这八种基本句型是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
基本句型一:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)
在该句式中,句子的主语和谓语能表达完整的意思,后面可以跟副
词、介词短语、状语从句等。
1.
2.
基本句型二:Subject (主语)+Linking verb(系动词)+Predicative
(表语)
在该句式中,常见的系动词有be, feel/sound/taste/look,
grow/become/get/turn, remain等, 其后常接名词、形容词、从句等
作表语。
1.
2.
3.
基本句型三:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)
在该句式中,谓语为及物动词,宾语可以是名词、代词、动词不定
式、动名词、从句等。
1.
2.
3.
基本句型四:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object
(间接宾语)+Direct object(直接宾语)
在该句式中,谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一
个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在
前面,直接宾语在后面。
1.
2.
［温馨提示］若要先说直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助介
词to或for。后面接双宾语时加to的动词有:bring, give, lend, hand,
offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write等;
后面接双宾语时加for的动词有:buy, cook, choose, draw, find, get,
make, order, save, spare等。
如: Two years ago, my mother bought me a nice watch on
my birthday.
→Two years ago, my mother bought a nice watch for me on
my birthday.
基本句型五:Subject(主语)+Verb (谓语)+Object (宾语)
+Complement(补语)
在该句式中,谓语动词加宾语再加宾补才能表达完整的意思, 宾
补可以是形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。
1.
2.often
3.
4.
基本句型六:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Adverbial(状语)
1.
2.
基本句型七:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)+Adverbial
(状语)
基本句型八：There be 句型
There are 50 students in our class.
【实战演练】
Ⅰ指出下列句子所属的句型
1.We are the master of our own future.
__________________
2.An old man was walking slowly and carefully.
________________
3.Farmers grow lots of vegetables.
________________
主语+系动词+表语
主语+谓语+状语
主语+谓语+宾语
4.Friends made my life full of excitement.
____________________________
5.The sun was shining.
___________
6.Granny told me a very interesting story last night.
___________________________________
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语+状语
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.The meeting __________________ (将持续两个小时) because we
can't cover that much ground in one hour.(last)
2._______________________________________________
(我的家乡发生了巨大的变化) in the past ten years.(take place)
3.Every afternoon ____________________________________
(许多学生来图书馆) to borrow books. (come)
4.________________________ (我给Mary写了一封信) last night,
explaining what had happened. (write)
will last two hours
Great changes have taken place in my hometown
a lot of students come to the library
I wrote a letter to Mary
5.______________________ (我们制订了一个计划) to fulfil the
project within three weeks. (make)
6._____________________________ (我妹妹告诉了我一个事故) that
happened on her first day at school. (tell)
We have made a plan
My sister told me an accident
7._________________________________________________________
_________(他给妈妈买了一件新大衣) with his first month's salary.
(buy)
He bought a new coat for his mother/bought his mother a new coat
8.Every morning __________________________________
(我们听到他大声朗读英语) in the classroom. (hear)
we hear him reading English aloud
练 习 册
Ⅰ指出下面的句子是哪一类句型(每小题3分，满分15分)
1.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.
________________
主语+谓语+状语
2.That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.
______________________
主语+谓语+宾语+状语
3.Would you please pass me the dictionary
________________________________
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
1
2
3
4
5
4.This kind of food tastes delicious. __________________
主语+系动词+表语
5.The terrible sound made the children frightened.
______________________
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅱ句型训练(每小题3分，满分15分)
1._________________ when he isn't working.(like)
他不工作的时候喜欢画画。
He likes drawing
2._________________________________________________________
on my birthday last week. (buy)
上周我父亲在我生日那天给我买了一辆新自行车。
My father bought me a new bike/bought a new bike for me
3.___________________________________ on the playground just
now (see)
你刚才看到李明在操场上踢足球了吗
Did you see Li Ming playing football
1
2
3
4
5
4._______________________________ when spring comes. (get)
当春天到来时, 白天就会变得越来越长。
The day gets longer and longer
5._____________________ to read a few stories to my daughter
every night before she goes to bed. (it作形式宾语)
我每天晚上在女儿睡觉之前给她读几个故事, 这已经成为惯例。
I have made it a rule
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅲ语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
［2025·湖南怀化高一期中］
As we all know, senior high school life is full of challenges.
When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity
1.___________ (acquire) great knowledge and enjoy personal
growth. Most 2.____________ (important), your time and effort
at senior high school will open the door to your potential.
Put simply, potential is your natural ability 3.___________
can be developed when you try hard enough.
to acquire
importantly
which/that
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence 4.___ your
ability to make a difference to your family, to your community
and to your country. Over the next three years, you
5._____________ (discover) your potential while you develop as
6.___ student and as a person.
To fully realize the potential, it is important for you to
make the most of school 7.__________ (resource). Of equal
importance are good study habits, 8._______ (use) skills and a
positive attitude. In time you will find 9.________ (you) growing
into a well-rounded individual.
in
will discover
a
resources
useful
yourself
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Senior high school will help students learn and grow, yet
you alone are responsible for 10._________ (realize) your great
potential. Be confident, do your best and make us proud!
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高中生活是充满
挑战的，但挑战也是提升自我、获得知识和享受成长的机遇，要充
分利用学校资源来发掘自身潜力。
realizing
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.___________
to acquire
[解析] 考查动词不定式。have the opportunity to do sth是固定短
语，意为“有机会做某事”。故填to acquire。
2.____________
importantly
[解析] 考查副词。修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词importantly
(重要地)。故填importantly。
3.___________
which/that
[解析] 考查定语从句引导词。此句是定语从句，先行词your natural
ability在从句中作主语，用关系代词which或者that引导从句。故填
which/that。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.___
in
[解析] 考查介词。have confidence in…是固定短语，意为“对……有
信心”。故填in。
5._____________
will discover
[解析] 考查时态。结合时间状语over the next three years可知，句
子用一般将来时。故填will discover。
6.___
a
[解析] 考查不定冠词。根据and as a person可知，此处表示泛指，
应填不定冠词作限定词，student是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7.__________
resources
[解析] 考查名词复数。resource是可数名词，结合语境，这里用复
数形式。故填resources。
8._______
useful
[解析] 考查形容词。空处修饰名词，应用形容词useful作定语。故填
useful。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.________
yourself
[解析] 考查反身代词。这里的宾语和主语you为同一个人，结合句
意“发现自己”可知，应用反身代词形式。故填yourself。
10._________
realizing
[解析] 考查动名词。空处作介词的宾语，应用动名词。故填
realizing。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·山东省百师联考高一期中］
The first day of high school felt like a big adventure, but
also a bit terrible. I didn't know how important studying would
be, and I didn't have any plans for what I wanted to do later
in life.
My friend, Alex saw that I wasn't really into school. One
day, after a boring science class, he talked to me.
1
2
3
4
“You can do better,” he said seriously. “You just need to put in
some effort.” His words made me think.
I started to focus more in class, trying to really understand
what the teachers were saying. Alex and I would study together,
and he would help me with the difficult parts. Gradually
(逐渐地), things that I didn't make sense of before started to
click.
One day, while we were working on a science problem, I
had a moment of understanding. I realized that learning is not
1
2
3
4
just about getting good marks; it's about exploring new ideas
and enjoying the challenge of solving problems. It felt great to
make things out.
As time went by, my grades got better, and so did my
attitude towards school. I started to think about what I wanted
to do when I grew up and made plans for college. I
understood that high school was a chance to get ready for my
dreams.
1
2
3
4
Now, I'm thankful for that moment when I realized how
important learning is and for Alex's help. It showed me that
school is a place to discover what you love and to work
towards your goals. I look forward to each day, knowing that
every bit of learning brings me closer to becoming the person I
want to be.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在刚上高中时对学习
缺乏重视，同时也没有规划未来，但在好友Alex的鼓励和帮助下，
作者逐渐认识到学习的重要性，开始享受探索新知的过程，并为自
己的未来积极规划。
1
2
3
4
( )1.What do we know about the author from Paragraph 1
A.He was excited and ready.
B.He made no plans for the future.
C.He played an adventurous game.
D.He wanted to challenge himself.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“The first day of high school felt
like a big adventure, but also a bit terrible. I didn't know how
important studying would be, and I didn't have any plans for
what I wanted to do later in life.”可知，作者在高中第一天没有为
将来做计划。故选B项。
√
1
2
3
4
( )2.What did Alex do to help the author
A.He gave the author extra homework.
B.He made science classes more interesting.
C.He encouraged the author to work harder.
D.He made efforts to change the author's interest.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段的“One day, after a boring
science class, he talked to me. ‘You can do better,’ he said
seriously. ‘You just need to put in some effort.’ His words made
me think.”可知，Alex注意到了作者对学习缺乏兴趣，鼓励他更加努
力。故选C项。
√
1
2
3
4
( )3.What made the author see the value of learning
A.Getting a high mark. B.A talk with a teacher.
C.Visiting an ideal college. D.Solving a science problem.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段“One day, while we were working
on a science problem, I had a moment of understanding. I
realized that learning is not just about getting good marks; it's
about exploring new ideas and enjoying the challenge of solving
problems. It felt great to make things out.”可知，当作者与Alex一
起解决一个科学问题时，他的观点发生了变化，他意识到了学习的
好处。故选D项。
√
1
2
3
4
( )4.Which would be the best title for the text
A.The journey to loving learning
B.The importance of studying hard
C.Discovering my future work
D.My best friend in high school
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The first day of high school felt
like a big adventure, but also a bit terrible. I didn't know how
important studying would be, and I didn't have any plans for
what I wanted to do later in life.”以及最后一段的“Now, I'm
thankful for that moment when I realized how important
learning is and for Alex's help.”可知，本文讲述了作者在刚上高中
时对学习缺乏重视，同时也没有对未来的规划，但在好友Alex的鼓
励和帮助下，逐渐认识到学习的重要性，开始享受探索新知的过程，
并为自己的未来积极规划。A项(爱上学习之旅)适合做本文的标题。
故选A项。
1
2
3
4
Ⅴ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·辽宁丹东阶段测试］
How to be a successful high school student
Being a successful high school student requires both
patience and power. There may be many distractions
(使人分心的事) during teen years. To become a successful
student, you have to say “no” to them. 1.___ The following are
some tips you can try.
C
1
2
3
4
5
Remember that school is important.
The truth is that school is important. You need it to get
into a good college and later get a good career that will
support you for the rest of your life. 2.___ It's important to
have fun and have lots of activities, but school should always
be your number one work. Never take homework and tests
lightly!
G
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
Make sure you have everything you need. If your teacher
likes to lecture, have a notebook to help you remember. Keep
papers in order. They'll be easier to find later. If your binder
(活页夹) starts to get full, put old papers into another binder to
keep at home. This way you won't have to put them around，
but they will be there when you are studying for tests.
B
1
2
3
4
5
Make friends.
There's too much going on to worry about: who's friends
with whom, who the popular people are. 4.___ Be confident and
be yourself. Get into the habit of saying “Hi” to people and not
being afraid to talk to new classmates. The more comfortable
you become with people, the more people will like you.
F
1
2
3
4
5
Take part in a sport.
It's easy to forget to stay in shape when the work becomes
more, so joining a team makes it less worrying. If you're going
for all three seasons, that's great, but make sure you're being
practical with your time. Try your hardest at both your sport
and your schoolwork and you should be more than great. 5.___
A.Make a plan.
B.Stay organized.
C.It may be hard, but hard work always pays off.
D
1
2
3
4
5
D.You're healthy and on top of your schoolwork.
E.Make friends with someone who takes school seriously.
F.The best thing to do is be friendly to and with everyone.
G.Even if you decide not to go to college, school does help a
lot socially.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名成功的高中
生提出了四条建议。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
C
[解析] 根据上文“To become a successful student, you have to
say ‘no’ to them.”和下文“The following are some tips you can
try.”可知，上文提到要成为一名成功的高中生，必须对使人分心的事
说“不”，下文介绍一些可以尝试的建议。C项“It may be hard, but
hard work always pays off.”(这可能很困难，但努力总是会有回报
的。)承上启下，符合语境，且it指代说“不”这件事。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
G
[解析] 根据本段主旨句“Remember that school is important.”和空
处上文“You need it to get into a good college and later get a
good career that will support you for the rest of your life.”可知，
本段主要介绍了学校的重要性。G项“Even if you decide not to go
to college, school does help a lot socially.”(即使你决定不去上大
学，学校在社交方面确实有很大的帮助。)是对上文的补充说明，进
一步突出学校的重要性，符合语境。故选G项。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
B
[解析] 空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Make sure you have
everything you need. If your teacher likes to lecture, have a
notebook to help you remember. Keep papers in order.”可知，
本段主要讲述了做事情要有条理。B项“Stay organized.”
(保持条理性。)符合语境。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
F
[解析] 根据上文“There's too much going on to worry about:
who's friends with whom, who the popular people are.”和下文
“Be confident and be yourself.”可知，上文提到交朋友有很多顾虑，
下文提到要自信，由此可知，空处应该讲述的是正确的交朋友的方
法。F项“The best thing to do is be friendly to and with
everyone.”(交朋友最好的方法就是用善意对待每个人。)符合语境。
故选F项。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
D
[解析] 根据上文“Try your hardest at both your sport and your
schoolwork and you should be more than great.”可知，上文提到
在运动和功课上尽最大努力，D项“You're healthy and on top of
your schoolwork.”(你很健康，功课也很好。)是尽最大努力后的结果，
承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
［2025·福建龙岩高一期中］
I knew that my first day of senior high school would be
challenging. I was . .1. . that I would spend my first day in senior
high school.
On Monday I was . .2. . for my first day of senior high
school. My backpack was . .3. . with materials I needed, such as
pencils, notebooks and so on. I hoped the first day of senior
high school would go . .4. .. Finally the first day of school . .5. ..
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
As I walked into the classroom, I saw my first class was . .6. .. I
didn't do well in maths. Doing maths at first in the morning
could be . .7. .. I was surprised at what the maths teacher said,
“. .8. . wherever you'd like. There are no fixed seats in maths
class.” My maths teacher was . .9. . very nice, and I liked her
from the start. My next class was English. My English teacher
was Ms Popstar. She was so knowledgeable that we . .10. . her.
After lunch I had a biology class, I figured the day was closing
out and I didn't feel too . .11. . about senior high school.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
I knew this year was going to be a . .12. . because I started
to realize that I was growing up to be an adult. I would . .13. .
my classes. There were many fun and unknown things for me
to . .14. . in senior high school. I . .15. . some new friends and
new teachers that were so nice and welcoming on the first day.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者第一天去上高中的
经历，作者既兴奋又紧张，对未来高中生活充满了希望和期待。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )1.A.careless B.nervous C.annoyed D.amazed
[解析] 根据前文“I knew that my first day of senior high school
would be challenging.”可知作者对第一天的高中生活感到紧张。故
选B项。careless粗心的； nervous紧张的； annoyed烦恼的；
amazed惊讶的。
( )2.A.preparing B.looking C.asking D.calling
[解析] 根据下文“My backpack was…with materials I needed, such
as pencils, notebooks and so on.”可知作者是为高中第一天做准备。
故选A项。prepare准备；look看；ask询问；call打电话。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )3.A.satisfied B.disappointed
C.impressed D.filled
[解析] 根据下文“…materials I needed, such as pencils, notebooks
and so on.”可知这些文具填满了书包。故选D项。satisfy使……感到
满意；disappoint使……失望； impress给……留下深刻的好印象；
fill填满。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )4.A.suitable B.advanced C.perfect D.expert
[解析] 根据前文“On Monday I was … for my first day of senior
high school. My backpack was…with materials I needed, such as
pencils, notebooks and so on.”可知作者希望高中的第一天会过得
很顺利。故选C项。suitable合适的；advanced先进的； perfect完美
的；expert熟练的，内行的。
( )5.A.passed B.missed C.improved D.arrived
[解析] 根据前文finally以及作者做的准备可知开学第一天终于来了。
故选D项。pass通过；miss错过； improve改善； arrive到来。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )6.A.Chinese B.maths C.PE D.physics
[解析] 根据下文“I didn't do well in maths.”可知作者的第一节课是
数学。故选B项。Chinese汉语；maths数学； PE体育； physics物理。
( )7.A.tiring B.doubtful C.unique D.informal
[解析] 根据前文“I didn't do well in maths.”可知数学课让作者感到
疲劳。故选A项。tiring使人疲劳的；doubtful怀疑的；unique独特的；
informal非正式的。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )8.A.Stand B.Leave C.Sit D.Play
[解析] 根据下文“There are no fixed seats in maths class.”可知老
师让同学们坐下。故选C项。stand站立；leave离开；sit坐；play玩。
( )9.A.actually B.secretly C.officially D.partly
[解析] 根据下文“…I liked her from the start.”可知作者的数学老师
确实非常好。故选A项。actually实际上；secretly秘密地；officially官
方地；partly部分地。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )10.A.tested B.cheated C.admired D.helped
[解析] 根据前文“She was so knowledgeable…”可知作者他们非常敬
佩英语老师。故选C项。test测试； cheat欺骗；admire钦佩； help
帮助。
( )11.A.strange B.dangerous C.wonderful D.bad
[解析] 根据下文“I…some new friends and new teachers that were
so nice and welcoming on the first day.”可知作者这一天过得还不
错。故选D项。strange陌生的；dangerous危险的；wonderful美妙
的；bad坏的。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )12.A.job B.change C.plan D.goal
[解析] 根据下文“…because I started to realize that I was
growing up to be an adult.”可知作者成为高中生并且逐渐成长为
大人， 这是一个巨大的改变。故选B项。job工作；change变化；
plan计划；goal目标。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )13.A.give up B.concentrate on
C.believe in D.carry out
[解析] 根据下文“There were many fun and unknown things for
me to…in senior high school.”可知作者需要集中精力专心上课。故
选B项。give up放弃；concentrate on集中精力于；believe in相信；
carry out实施。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )14.A.recommend B.exchange C.explore D.support
[解析] 根据前文“There were many fun and unknown things…”可
知作者有很多事情去探索。故选C项。recommend推荐；exchange
交换；explore探索；support支持。
( )15.A.met B.recognised C.tracked D.greeted
[解析] 根据下文“…some new friends and new teachers that were
so nice and welcoming on the first day.”可知作者在第一天遇到了
很多新同学和新老师。故选A项。meet遇见； recognise认出；track
跟踪；greet问候，迎接。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
WELCOME UNIT
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
导学案
【自主归纳】
1.2 2.1 3.3 4.5 5.6 6.4
【实战演练】
Ⅰ1.主语+系动词+表语 2.主语+谓语+状语 3.主语+谓语+宾语
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 5.主语+谓语
6.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语+状语
Ⅱ 1.will last two hours 2.Great changes have taken place in
my hometown 3.a lot of students come to the library
4.I wrote a letter to Mary 5.We have made a plan
6.My sister told me an accident
7.He bought a new coat for his mother/bought his mother a
new coat 8.we hear him reading English aloud
练习册
Ⅰ 1. 主语+谓语+状语 2.主语+谓语+宾语+状语
3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 4.主语+系动词+表语
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
Ⅱ 1.He likes drawing
2.My father bought me a new bike/bought a new bike for
me 3.Did you see Li Ming playing football 4.The day gets
longer and longer 5.I have made it a rule
Ⅲ 1.to acquire 2.importantly 3.which/that 4.in 5.will discover
6.a 7.resources 8.useful 9.yourself 10.realizing
Ⅳ 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A
Ⅴ 1.C 2.G 3.B 4.F 5.D
Ⅵ 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.D
12.B 13.B 14.C 15.A
