单元素养测评卷(四)
Unit 3
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.What does the woman think of sharing a room with others
A.Troublesome. B.Uncomfortable. C.Enjoyable.
( )2.What are Celia and Jack probably doing now
A.Shopping. B.Having coffee.
C.Walking in the park.
( )3.How much is the milk
A.$6.50. B.$3.50. C.$3.
( )4.When will the speakers go out for dinner
A.At 6:30. B.At 7:30. C.At 8:00.
( )5.Who won the tennis match yesterday
A.Mark. B.Sally. C.Sally’s brother.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.Where does Sam suggest going
A.To a restaurant. B.To a cinema.
C.To a coffee shop.
( )7.How does Rita feel about the plan
A.Concerned. B.Excited. C.Disappointed.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
( )8.What does the man plan to do
A.Paint the apartment. B.Fix up things in his house.
C.Get some new chairs.
( )9.What colour is the living room painted
A.Brown. B.Yellow. C.White.
( )10.What does the man usually do at the weekend
A.Go to bed early. B.Get up late.
C.Attend a party.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
( )11.Why does Tom need a shirt
A.To meet work requirements.
B.To match his jacket.
C.To attend a party.
( )12.What colour shirt does Lola advise Tom to try on
A.Purple. B.Red. C.Blue.
( )13.What does Tom want to buy for his wife
A.A jacket. B.A dress. C.A skirt.
听第9 段材料,回答第 14至17题。
( )14.How did the man feel at first
A.Angry. B.Cold. C.Surprised.
( )15.How does the man usually exercise
A.By bicycling. B.By playing soccer. C.By jogging.
( )16.Where does the man usually do exercise
A.In the school. B.In the park. C.In the gym.
( )17.What will the speakers probably do next
A.Study together. B.Go to the gym.
C.Show their moves.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.What does the speaker do
A.He’s a student. B.He’s a coach.
C.He’s a high school principal.
( )19.What is happening this weekend
A.A graduation ceremony. B.A school get-together.
C.A football game.
( )20.What is the speaker’s advice
A.Train as much as you can.
B.Take advantage of all opportunities to learn.
C.Don’t take college too seriously.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A [2025·湖北省普通高中联盟高一期中]
Cool cold sports
The Winter Olympic Games are not just a chance for athletes to win medals and honour for their countries. Every four years, the Games also help audience to get to know more about winter sports from around the world. The Winter Olympics may not have the large crowds and huge stars of its Summer Games, but they share the same Olympic spirit.
Skiing
One of the most popular sports of the Winter Olympic Games is skiing. Skiers compete in the downhill and slalom (回转赛), and in the short and long cross-country ski races. Skiing was originally (最初) a sport played only in cold northern countries, but now athletes from all over the world compete in this sport, even those from countries without any snow!
Skating
Skaters compete with each other in speed races or in figure-skating events. The figure-skaters are generally considered to be the stars of the Winter Olympic Games. These ice princes and princesses are so graceful that it’s easy to forget that they are actually highly skilled athletes.
Skeleton (俯式冰橇)
The skeleton is one of the strangest named sports of the Olympics. The skeleton is named after the shape of the metal sleds(雪橇) used in the 1890s, when the sport first started. The skeleton is a downhill sled race, usually on ice. In the skeleton, a person lies on his or her stomach on the sled, with his or her head pointing downhill!
( )21.Which of the following best describes the figure-skaters
A.Graceful and highly skilled.
B.Senior and honourable.
C.Amazing and responsible.
D.Confident and attractive.
( )22.Which sport requires a person to lie on his or her stomach on the sled, the head pointing downhill
A.Skiing. B.Figure-skating.
C.Skeleton. D.Skating.
( )23.What do the three sports have in common according to the passage
A.They all include downhill races.
B.They all belong to typical games of Winter Olympics.
C.All the three are newly-developed.
D.All the athletes come from icy northern countries.
B [2025·浙江温州环大罗山联盟高一期中联考]
In 1983, thousands of runners from all over the world gathered in Australia to take part in the Westfield Sydney-Melbourne Ultramarathon. The marathon had competitors running over a distance of 875 kilometres. The first man to win this race was 61-year-old potato farmer Cliff Young.
When Cliff showed up in the race, he stuck out like a sore thumb. Different from the other competitors, Cliff was dressed as if he had just returned from the field, which attracted the attention of reporters present.
“I grew up on a farm where I’d have to go out and round up the sheep whenever the storms would roll in,” Cliff told reporters. “We had 2,000 sheep on 2,000 acres. Sometimes I’d have to run those sheep for two or three days. It took a long time, but I’d always catch them. So, I believe I can run this race.” No one actually believed him. After all, most competitors were in their 20s and early 30s, with years of marathon experience.
On the first day of the race, Cliff was left far behind and didn’t look able to keep up. But he had one advantage that no one could have imagined—all the other runners had been training to run for 18 hours a day and then rest for the other six, but the 61-year-old didn’t plan on stopping until he reached the finish line!
When dawn broke, the other runners were shocked to learn that the old farmer was in the lead and that they would have to catch up with him. Although he was still running at a slow pace, the fact that he simply didn’t stop running helped him keep the lead for the whole five and a half days until he crossed the finish line. When handed a $10,000 check as a prize for winning the race, Cliff decided to keep none of it for himself and instead gave it to the other five runners, who eventually managed to finish the race.
( )24.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Seemed nervous.
B.Was very noticeable.
C.Got a hand injury.
D.Felt quite uncomfortable.
( )25.What was others’ feeling about Cliff’s confidence in completing the race
A.Shock. B.Respect.
C.Excitement. D.Disbelief.
( )26.How did Cliff Young win the race
A.He saved his energy at first.
B.He kept running without sleep.
C.He developed a fast-running rhythm.
D.He sped up in the last two days of the race.
( )27.Which can best describe Cliff Young
A.Strong-willed and generous.
B.Competitive and caring.
C.Experienced and outgoing.
D.Positive and humorous.
C [2025·吉林一中高一期中]
As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a programme of nonaerobic (无氧的) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a year-long exercise training programme, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
( )28.What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band
A.The right way of exercising.
B.The causes of a heart attack.
C.The difficulty of keeping fit.
D.The aging process of the heart.
( )29.In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design
A.Diet plan.
B.Professional background.
C.Exercise type.
D.Previous physical condition.
( )30.What does Levine’s research find
A.Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B.High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C.It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D.The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
( )31.What does Dr Nieca Goldberg suggest
A.Making use of the findings.
B.Interviewing the study participants.
C.Conducting further research.
D.Clarifying the purpose of the study.
D [2025·湖南省名校联考联合体高一期中]
Joyce Loaiza lives alone in a community for older people in the American state of Florida. When she is home, the retired office worker often talks to a friendly female voice that asks about her day. A few kilometres away, the same voice helped 83-year-old Deanna Dezern when her friend died. In New York State, it plays games and music for 92-year-old Marie Broadbent. And in Washington State, it helps 83-year-old Jan Worrell make new friends.
The women are some of the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics. The company and other officials say it is the only device (设备) using artificial intelligence(AI) to help older Americans from loneliness.
The device looks like a small table light, which has an eyeless, mouthless head that lights up and turns. It remembers each user’s interests and their talks, helping create a special experience with each new discussion. It can be as deep as the meaning of life or as light as a small joke.
ElliQ also plays music and provides creative or encouraging sayings. On a video screen that comes with it, it will show different cities and places of interest. The device leads exercises, asks about the owner’s health, and gives reminders to take medicines and drink water. It can also support video calls and contact family, friends, or doctors in an emergency.
Intuition Robotics says none of the conversations are heard by the company, with the information staying on each owner’s device.
Charlotte Mather-Taylor is director of the Broward County, Florida, Area Agency on Aging. She said the COVID-19 pandemic and its following results left many older people more disconnected. Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “We’ve seen very positive results with it. People generally like her and she makes them smile and brings joy.”
Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human communication. She told The Associated Press that the difficult feeling of loneliness should push people to reconnect socially.
( )32.What makes the robot ElliQ unique
A.It is made by Intuition Robotics in America.
B.It can play games and music for the old.
C.It uses AI to help the old fight loneliness.
D.It can talk in a friendly female voice.
( )33.What do we know about ElliQs
A.They are intelligent and well-rounded women.
B.They can have deep discussions with the owners.
C.They are small table lights with human-like heads.
D.They may send the conversations to the company.
( )34.What can be inferred from Holt-Lunstad’s comment
A.ElliQs will push more people to reconnect socially.
B.ElliQs make no difference to smoothing out loneliness.
C.ElliQs will have a promising future for their good effects.
D.ElliQs will have less helpful effects in the long term.
( )35.What’s the main purpose of the passage
A.To introduce a special AI device.
B.To show us how to operate a new device.
C.To offer some advice on removing loneliness.
D.To call for more care for the old.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·安徽江淮名校高一期中联考]
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In sports, the main goal is to win. However, achieving this requires more than just physical skills. A strong competitive spirit is of great importance. This spirit not only pushes athletes to work harder, but also fuels their self-belief and encourages them to take opportunities. 36.
·Be supportive.
Provide guidance and encouragement when necessary. Coaches who offer positive feedback and helpful criticism not only help athletes sharpen their skills but also increase their confidence. Similarly, teammates supporting each other can promote cooperation (合作). 37.
·38.
It means keeping (维持) a balanced and polite manner, regardless of winning or losing. Moreover, teaching athletes to respect their opponents (对手) helps build good character, shape a positive team environment, and improve the sporting experience for everyone involved.
·Praise efforts and successes.
Praise plays an important role in inspiring athletes. 39. This will show that you appreciate their hard work and drive them to carry on fighting for victory, so they are more likely to devote themselves to their personal and team goals.
·Encourage regular competition.
Competitive matches are important because they provide athletes with opportunities to challenge themselves. By regularly competing in these contests, athletes can evaluate (评估) their performance under pressure and gain valuable understanding of both their strengths and limits. 40.
These strategies help athletes develop a strong competitive spirit that not only enables athletes to focus on their careers but also prepares them for challenges both on and off the field. This mindset bridges the gap between talent and achievement, making it a key element of success for all athletes.
A.Teach proper sportsmanship.
B.Discover the hidden talents of players.
C.That’s why coaches must improve players’ skills.
D.As a result, their mental toughness can be improved.
E.Here are some effective ways to develop this important quality.
F.Be sure to celebrate their victories and improvements when they succeed.
G.This greatly encourages teamwork and improves the overall performance of the whole team.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·河北秦皇岛高一期中]
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was a classic night. The noisy Mexico City 41 calmed down. The main stadium of Olympic track and field competition was enveloped (笼罩) in the 42 .After he finished taking photos of the marathon winners 43 the victory, Greenspan, a world-famous news producer, found the stadium 44 . He was about to 45 when he suddenly saw a man with his right leg spotted with the blood run into the stadium. This man ran lamely (一瘸一拐地) out of breath, but he didn’t stop. After he ran along the track for a 46 and got to the finish line, he 47 on the ground.
Greenspan guessed this was a marathon athlete. Out of 48 , he went over and asked why the athlete managed to run to the finish line with such 49 .
The young man, called Kowari from Tanzania, replied in a(n) 50 voice, “That my country sent me here from over 20,000 kilometres is not to let me get off the track in the competition, but to make me 51 the game. Though I’ve 52 all other runners, I have a sacred(神圣的)goal like them. The audience won’t 53 me, but my motherland is watching me from behind…” Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes. Soon, he spread the most 54 scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world. Life should have a dream of reaching the peak. It is not whether we can reach the top but whether we’ve made the greatest 55 that counts. To reach the goal in the mind is also a success.
( )41.A.gradually B.officially
C.actually D.extremely
( )42.A.sunlight B.darkness
C.flash D.view
( )43.A.admiring B.exploring
C.designing D.celebrating
( )44.A.busy B.different
C.empty D.noisy
( )45.A.work B.leave
C.quit D.report
( )46.A.mile B.minute
C.circle D.second
( )47.A.lay B.focused
C.jumped D.jogged
( )48.A.sight B.curiosity
C.control D.pity
( )49.A.difficulty B.feelings
C.adventure D.impressions
( )50.A.proud B.excited
C.mad D.gentle
( )51.A.complete B.improve
C.appreciate D.challenge
( )52.A.competed with B.fallen behind
C.left behind D.started with
( )53.A.attract B.annoy
C.cheer D.influence
( )54.A.frightening B.exciting
C.touching D.confusing
( )55.A.achievements B.change
C.progress D.efforts
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·河北邯郸高一期中]
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With a growing realisation of the role staying active plays in 56. (keep) fit, now Chinese people are taking up a wide variety of sports, with traditional Chinese workouts that focus on a relaxed and calm mind beginning to find favour.
Adults 57. exercise usually do so for about over 43 minutes a day, according to a survey about exercise habits which 58. (put) out in February by the online fitness platform Keep and the news outlet . The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic physical activity (有氧运动) a week, 59. 21 minutes a day on average.
The report added that a half-hour run was the most popular type of exercise for men, while women liked aerobic dance best. 60. number of people taking part in traditional Chinese body and mind exercises such as baduanjin, tai chi and meditation (冥想) last year was up nearly 8 percent year-on-year, and up more than 46 percent 61. (compare) with 2021. “Survey players said that they feel more energetic, find it easier 62. (focus) and memorize, and no longer have cold hands and feet all the time,” the report said.
While running and cycling remained the most popular 63. (form) of exercise, the report said that medium- to high-intensity (强度) workouts and outdoor activities 64. hiking, skateboarding, paddle boarding and pickleball had also gained in 65. (popular).
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分) [2025·浙江七彩阳光新高考研究联盟高一期中]
假设你是李华,你的朋友 David 升入高一后,由于学习任务重,忽视了体育锻炼,导致体质下降,写信向你寻求帮助,请你给他回信。内容包括:
1.表示理解;
2.提出建议;
3.予以鼓励。
要求:1.词数80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分) [2025·江西临川一中高一期中]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was overjoyed. Final cuts (裁员) for the school basketball team were over and I was still around. I had a false sense of safety when I went to practise on Monday. When my teammates and I were doing our stretches (伸展运动) as usual, my coach asked me to one side and then told me the last thing I wanted to hear, “Steve, I’ve been thinking about it. There seemed not much progress in your skills, so I’m afraid we aren’t going to need you any more. You can finish out today’s practice if you want.”
The whole team had stopped practice and they were staring at me as if they could see through the seemingly brave boy whose heart was actually broken. “That’s okay, coach,” I said and walked out of the gym into the locker room (更衣室).
Alone in the empty locker room, I stood and stared at my locker. Memories of the past training came flooding. How I wished I had worked harder!
Suddenly I realized my bag was still in the gym. I didn’t have the courage to go back, so I walked out to the track and up to the top of the bleachers (露天看台). There was an hour and a half left before practice was over. I sat up there and waited. When five o’clock came, I ran through the back door, took my bag and rushed out, just hoping to avoid any of my former teammates.
As worried as I was about avoiding my former teammates, I was afraid of having to face my father. I got into the car and he asked, “How was practice ” I said, “Fine,” and kept silent the rest of the ride home.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Upon arrival, my father, who obviously noticed something unusual, started the talk.
Paragraph 2:
The next year the basketball team wanted new players.
单元素养测评卷(四)
1—5 CBCAC6—10 BBCCB11—15 CCBCB16—20 BABCB
21—25 ACBBD 26—30 BADCA 31—35 CCBDA 36—40 EGAFD
41—45 ABDCB 46—50 CABAD 51—55 ABCCD
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
M: Do you enjoy having a roommate
W: Yeah. It’s my first experience sharing a room, and it’s really nice to have someone to talk to.
Text 2
W: Jordan Where are you going
M: Into town.
W: What for
M: To meet Celia and Jack. They are waiting for me in the cafe. We’re going to do some shopping and then go to the park.
Text 3
W: Can we have our check please
M: That’ll be $46.50. Will this be cash or credit
W: Wait. Right here you charged us twice for the milk.
M: I’m so sorry. Let me take that off. There you go. Your new total is $43.50.
Text 4
W: Wow, you got us tickets for the show tonight
M: Yes, I thought it would be a nice surprise. It starts at 8:00.
W: Okay, we’ll still go out for a meal at 6:30 and make sure we’ve left at 7:30.
Text 5
W: Who took you to the tennis match yesterday afternoon
M: My friend Mark took me there.
W: Who beat Sally in the tennis match
M: Her brother beat her.
Text 6
M: Will you go out with me this weekend, Rita We can do anything you like.
W: I would love to, Sam! Can we go to dinner I’ve always wanted to eat at the new restaurant in town.
M: Sure! Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies.
W: Okay. Then we could get coffee after the movie and talk about it if we’re not ready to go home. That sounds like an amazing night!
Text 7
W:What happened to your fingers
M:I hurt them the other day.
W:How did you do that
M:Well, I’ve been fixing up things in my apartment. I plan to put in some new chairs this week.
W:That sounds interesting. What else have you been doing
M:I’ve been painting the apartment, too. I’ve been thinking about it for a long time.
W:What colour did you decide on
M:I’ve been painting the kitchen yellow and green and the living room white. I like bright colours. They’re full of life. And my apartment was pretty dark.
W:What colour are you going to paint the bedroom
M:I’m not sure yet. I’ve been thinking about a dark colour, maybe brown. The bedroom should be dark, I guess. Then I won’t have trouble getting up late on Saturday and Sunday.
Text 8
M: Hey, Lola!
W: Hello, Tom! What are you doing here
M: I’m looking for a new shirt. I need a nice shirt for a party after work tomorrow.
W: Well, there are some nice shirts over there. They’re the latest style and they look smarter.
M: Are you going to buy some new clothes today, too
W: I already bought three shirts in different colours: pink, purple, and red. I also got a really nice red dress! I bought a skirt and a jacket, too.
M: That’s a lot!
W: Don’t worry. I don’t do this every day. Anyway, why don’t you try this shirt on This blue colour really suits you.
M: Yeah. How does it look on me
W: Well, maybe you should try a bigger size. Try this one on.
M: OK. I’m going to get it. By the way, I want to buy a dress for my wife. Can you recommend anything good
W: Of course.
Text 9
M: Linda, why are you dancing I thought we had to study for our maths test!
W: Oh, hi, Drake! I was just doing some exercise. I thought you wouldn’t get here until later. Let me turn the music off.
M: You exercise by dancing I thought things like jogging and bicycling were considered exercise.
W: Well, those are other good ways to work out, but I like to dance. Do you like to dance
M: I sometimes dance at parties, but I am not a very good dancer. For exercise, I prefer playing soccer. I hope to make the soccer team in the fall.
W: Cool! I know you like to go to the park on the weekends and play soccer. If you teach me some of your soccer moves, I’ll teach you some dance moves! How does that sound
M: It’s a deal. If there weren’t the maths test tomorrow, we could definitely go to the gym right now.
W: Right. No more fun and games. Let me get my notebook.
Text 10
M: Good morning, students! It’s Jack here, the football coach here at Lincoln High. Principal Jones said I could make an announcement today. Of course, our big game is this weekend, and a lot of you—well, I hope all of you—are looking forward to it. Anyway, I want to tell you my favourite quote, one that I heard when I was in school.“Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.” This phrase is from a really smart guy, Albert Einstein. In my job, I work with athletes, but I always tell them not to forget their studies, too. Appreciate these days that you have to study and learn. That’s what school is about. Make the most of it. Have fun with your friends, be sociable at get-togethers, go to football games…But just be sure to get your homework done and listen and participate in class. You’re headed for bigger and better things. Some say college is a waste of time, but I don’t think so. There are things you learn in the process of learning that are priceless. There’s an education that goes on beyond what we read in textbooks and listen to in lectures. Life is one big educational process. And that’s what Einstein was trying to say. Have a great day!
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个冬季运动项目,分别是滑雪、滑冰以及俯式冰橇。
21.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“These ice princes and princesses are so graceful that it’s easy to forget that they are actually highly skilled athletes.”可知,花样滑冰运动员不仅动作优雅,而且技术高超。故选A项。
22.C 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the skeleton, a person lies on his or her stomach on the sled, with his or her head pointing downhill!”可知,在俯式冰橇中,一个人趴在雪橇上,头朝下。故选C项。
23.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的“One of the most popular sports of the Winter Olympic Games is skiing.”、第三段的“The figure-skaters are generally considered to be the stars of the Winter Olympic Games.”以及第四段的“The skeleton is one of the strangest named sports of the Olympics.”可知,这三种运动都是冬季奥运会的经典运动项目。故选B项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一位种土豆的农民如何在竞争激烈的马拉松比赛中脱颖而出,并展示了他把奖金送给其他参赛者的无私行为。
24.B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分下一句“Different from the other competitors, Cliff was dressed as if he had just returned from the field, which attracted the attention of reporters present.”可知,与其他选手不同的是,克利夫的穿着就像刚从地里回来一样,这引起了在场记者的注意。由此推测,克利夫在比赛中出现时,非常抢眼,引人注目。故选B项。
25.D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“‘Sometimes I’d have to run those sheep for two or three days. It took a long time, but I’d always catch them. So, I believe I can run this race.’ No one actually believed him.”可知,当克利夫深信自己可以跑完比赛时,人们不相信他。故选D项。
26.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But he had one advantage that no one could have imagined—all the other runners had been training to run for 18 hours a day and then rest for the other six, but the 61-year-old didn’t plan on stopping until he reached the finish line!”可知,克利夫在比赛中不眠不休地跑,直到到达终点线,才赢得了比赛。故选B项。
27.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“On the first day of the race, Cliff was left far behind and didn’t look able to keep up. But he had one advantage that no one could have imagined—all the other runners had been training to run for 18 hours a day and then rest for the other six, but the 61-year-old didn’t plan on stopping until he reached the finish line!”可知,克利夫是个有决心的人;根据文章第五段“Although he was still running at a slow pace, the fact that he simply didn’t stop running helped him keep the lead for the whole five and a half days until he crossed the finish line. When handed a $10,000 check as a prize for winning the race, Cliff decided to keep none of it for himself and instead gave it to the other five runners, who eventually managed to finish the race.”可知,他意志坚定且慷慨。故选A项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
28.D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,’ says Dr Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart.”(“想想橡皮筋。一开始,它是有弹性的,但把它放在抽屉里20年,它就会变得干燥,很容易破损,” 得克萨斯大学的心脏专家本·莱文博士说。这就是心脏的变化。)可知,莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程,故选D。
29.C 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The first group participated in a programme of nonaerobic(无氧的) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.”(第一组每周参加三次无氧运动项目——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。)可知,两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型不同,故选C。
30.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.”(第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后,第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。)和第四段的“‘We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts,’ says Levine.”(莱文说:“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回30岁或35岁。”)可知,莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动,中年人的心脏会变得更年轻,故选A。
31.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.”(但这项研究的规模很小,需要在更大的人群中重复进行,以确定究竟是日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。)可知,妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究,故选C。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一款设备——机器人ElliQ。ElliQ的特殊之处在于它是唯一一款使用人工智能来帮助美国老年人对抗孤独的设备。
32.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“The company and other officials say it is the only device (设备) using artificial intelligence (AI) to help older Americans from loneliness.”可知,ElliQ的特殊之处在于它能够运用人工智能来帮助老年人对抗孤独。故选C项。
33.B 细节理解题。根据第三段“It remembers each user’s interests and their talks, helping create a special experience with each new discussion. It can be as deep as the meaning of life or as light as a small joke.”(它能记住每个用户的兴趣和他们的谈话内容,为每次新的讨论创造一种独特的体验。它可以像生命的意义一样深刻,也可以像一个小笑话一样轻松。)可知,ElliQ可以与主人进行深入的讨论。故选 B项。
34.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human communication.”(杨百翰大学的Julianne Holt-Lunstad教授研究孤独对健康的影响,她担心像ElliQ这样的设备可能会有短期的有益效果,但它可能会让人们不太愿意寻求人际交流。)可知,从长远来看,ElliQ帮助效果不大。故选D项。
35.A 推理判断题。第二段“The women are some of the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics. The company and other officials say it is the only device (设备) using artificial intelligence(AI) to help older Americans from loneliness.”(这些女性是美国首批接收由Intuition Robotics制造的机器人ElliQ的女性。该公司和其他官员表示,这是唯一一款使用人工智能帮助美国老年人摆脱孤独的设备。)以及文章第一到第五段主要介绍机器人设备 ElliQ的功能,即使用人工智能帮助美国老年人摆脱孤独,最后两段分别介绍了Charlotte Mather-Taylor 和Julianne Holt-Lunstad对这款设备的看法,由此可知,本文的主要写作目的是介绍一款特殊的人工智能设备。故选A项。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在体育竞技中,除了身体技能外,强烈的竞技精神也很重要,并介绍了一些培养这种竞技精神的有效方法。
36.E 根据上文“This spirit not only pushes athletes to work harder, but also fuels their self-belief and encourages them to take opportunities.”可知,竞技精神对运动员很重要,所以下文应该介绍如何培养这种竞技精神。选项E(以下是一些培养这种重要品质的有效方法。)符合语境。故选E。
37.G 根据上文“Similarly, teammates supporting each other can promote cooperation(合作).”可知,上文提到了队友之间相互支持的好处。选项G(这极大地鼓励了团队合作,提高了整个团队的整体表现。)承接上文,进一步说明了队友之间互相支持的好处。故选G。
38.A 根据下文“It means keeping (维持) a balanced and polite manner, regardless of winning or losing. Moreover, teaching athletes to respect their opponents (对手) helps build good character, shape a positive team environment, and improve the sporting experience for everyone involved.”可知,本段主要讲述了要教导运动员正确的体育精神,选项A(教导正确的体育精神。)符合语境,概括了本段的主旨。故选A。
39.F 根据上文“Praise plays an important role in inspiring athletes.”(赞扬在激励运动员方面起着重要作用。)可知,本段主要讲述了赞扬对运动员的重要性,选项F(当他们成功时,一定要庆祝他们的胜利和进步。)符合语境。故选F。
40.D 根据上文“By regularly competing in these contests, athletes can evaluate(评估) their performance under pressure and gain valuable understanding of both their strengths and limits.”可知,上文提到了定期参加比赛的好处。选项D(因此,他们的心理韧性可以得到提高。)承接上文,进一步说明了定期参加比赛对运动员心理韧性的提高有积极作用。故选D。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述在墨西哥城奥运会的马拉松比赛结束后,坦桑尼亚运动员Kowari在观众散去后依然带伤跑完全程,这动人的一幕被著名新闻制片人捕捉下来,传遍了世界的每一个角落。
41.A 根据上文“It was a classic night.”可知,到了夜晚城市应是逐渐恢复平静。故选A。gradually逐渐; officially官方地,正式地;actually事实上;extremely极度,非常。
42.B 由上文可知时间是夜晚,所以主体育场笼罩在黑暗中。故选B。sunlight阳光;darkness黑暗; flash闪光;view观点,视野,风景。
43.D 结合上文taking photos of the marathon winners及下文the victory可知,获胜者应是庆祝比赛的胜利。故选D。admire羡慕; explore探索;design设计;celebrate庆祝。
44.C 根据上文“The noisy Mexico City…calmed down.”及 the marathon winners…the victory可知,比赛结束后,体育场应是空无一人。故选C。busy忙碌的;different不同的;empty空的;noisy嘈杂的。
45.B 根据上文“…he finished taking photos of the marathon winners…the victory…”可知,Greenspan拍摄完马拉松比赛获胜者庆祝胜利的照片后,应该是准备离开体育场。故选B。work工作;leave离开;quit退出; report报道。
46.C 根据“…got to the finish line…”可知,他沿跑道绕场跑了一圈,到达终点线。故选C。mile英里;minute分钟;circle圆,圈; second秒。
47.A 上文“This man ran lamely (一瘸一拐地) out of breath, but he didn’t stop.”提到这个人一瘸一拐地跑,上气不接下气,所以他到达终点线后应是躺在地上。故选A。lie躺;focus集中;jump跳; jog 慢跑。
48.B 根据“…he went over and asked why the athlete managed to run…”可知,他是出于好奇心,问那个人为什么这样做。故选B。sight视力; curiosity好奇心; control控制;pity遗憾。
49.A 根据上文“This man ran lamely(一瘸一拐地) out of breath, but he didn’t stop.”可知,那个男人是一瘸一拐地跑到了终点线才停下来,所以此处指Greenspan想知道他为什么要这么困难地跑向终点。故选A。difficulty困难;feeling感觉;adventure冒险的刺激; impression印象。
50.D 结合语境可知,Kowari刚完成比赛,躺在地上,所以应是轻声回答。故选D。proud骄傲的;excited激动的,兴奋的;mad疯狂的; gentle温柔的。
51.A 根据上文Kowari坚持跑到终点的行为可知,Kowari认为祖国送自己来不是让自己离开赛道,而是要完成比赛。故选A。complete完成;improve提高; appreciate欣赏,感激;challenge挑战。
52.B 根据上文内容可知,胜利者已经合完影,也就预示着比赛已经结束,体育场已经空无一人,而这个男人才进场。因而他是落后于其他的选手。故选B。compete with与……比赛; fall behind落后;leave behind留下; start with以……开始。
53.C 结合语境可知,在比赛中观众会为运动员欢呼喝彩。故选C。 attract吸引;annoy使烦恼;cheer欢呼,喝彩;influence影响。
54.C 结合语境及上文“Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes.”可知,这是动人的一幕。故选C。frightening可怕的; exciting令人激动的,使人兴奋的;touching动人的; confusing令人困惑的。
55.D 结合上文内容可知,Kowari在没有观众的情况下也坚持跑到终点,所以此处指重要的不是我们是否到达顶峰,而是我们是否付出了最大的努力。故选D。achievement成就; change改变; progress进步; effort努力。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着人们对活力与健康关系认识的加深,中国人正在参与多种体育运动。
56.keeping 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词in的宾语,应用keep“保持”的动名词形式。故填keeping。
57.who/that 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词adults,先行词指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who或that作引导词。故填who/that。
58.was put 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作which引导的定语从句的谓语,先行词survey在从句中作主语,根据in February可知,此处在叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,put out“发布”和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语是单数,be动词应用was。故填was put。
59.or 考查连词。空处连接前后两个名词短语,“每周至少进行150分钟的有氧运动”和“平均每天21分钟”之间是选择关系,应用表示“或,或者”的并列连词or。故填or。
60.The 考查冠词。根据was可知,此处用the number of…表示“……的数量”,且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填The。
61.compared 考查非谓语动词。句子主干成分完整,空处为非谓语,compare“比较”和number在逻辑上是被动关系,因此用compare的过去分词形式,构成短语compared with“与……相比”,作状语。故填compared。
62.to focus 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“find it+形容词+to do sth”意为“发现做某事……”,空处应用不定式形式。故填to focus。
63.forms 考查名词复数。空处作remained的表语,结合running and cycling可知,名词form“形式”应用复数形式。故填forms。
64.like 考查介词。空后的“远足、滑板、桨板冲浪和匹克球”是对空前“中高强度运动和户外活动”的举例说明,空处应用意为“例如”的介词like。故填like。
65.popularity 考查名词。空处作in的宾语,应用popular的名词形式popularity“受欢迎”,不可数。故填popularity。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear David,
I’m terribly sorry to hear that your physical condition has declined due to heavy schoolwork and neglect of exercise. It’s understandable. Here are some suggestions that might help you strike a balance between study and physical activities.
Firstly, it’s recommended that you make a schedule which includes study time and physical activities. It can help you develop a habit of exercising regularly, thus improving your health. Additionally, why not invite your friends to exercise together Not only will it make workouts more enjoyable, but also it will help reduce your stress.
I’m here to support you every step of the way and wish you both health and happiness.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者在被篮球队开除后,并没有消沉下去,反而更加努力训练,成功返回篮球队的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“一到家,父亲就开始和我说话,他显然注意到了一些不寻常的事情。”以及第二段首句内容“第二年,篮球队需要新队员。”可知,第一段可描写作者将事情告诉了父亲,父亲鼓励他继续努力。作者听从了父亲的建议,更加努力地训练。
②由第二段首句内容“第二年,篮球队需要新队员。”可知,第二段可描写作者通过艰苦的努力,再次被篮球队录取。
2.续写线索:回到家,作者父亲注意到作者的异常—作者告知了父亲所有的事情—父亲建议作者继续努力,不要放弃—作者听从了建议,继续努力练习—篮球队再次开始选拔新队员—作者的努力最终有所回报,重新返回了篮球队
One possible version:
Upon arrival, my father, who obviously noticed something unusual, started the talk. “Is everything going on well, boy ” he asked. This simple question, after an hour and a half of sitting up there in the bleachers and thinking about what a loser I was, crushed my last insistence. “I was cut out of my basketball team,” I owned up to my failure, tears streaming down my face. My father gave me an encouraging pat on the shoulder with the words “Never mind” and suggested that if I practised hard from now on, all my efforts would pay off one day. His words soaking into my heart, the next several months witnessed me sprinkling sweat on the basketball court.
The next year the basketball team wanted new players. I gathered all my courage to sign up for the tryout after one year’s tireless practice. Back to the same gym, I took a deep breath and moved and jumped gracefully. Obviously it was a roaring success. The coach along with my former teammates was surprised to find what great progress I had made. What had been the location of my defeat became my symbol of success and deep down in my heart, I knew it could not have been achieved without my father’s encouragement, my hard work and most importantly my adoption of the “I’ll show you” mindset instead of a “poor me” attitude.
