Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
【探究发现】
Phrases 短语(1)
指出下面的加黑词属于哪类短语并在句子中作什么成分。
1.(教材P14)The first week was a little confusing.
2.(教材P14)I know that Chinese is a very difficult language.
3.(教材P14)I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.
4.(教材P16)The building is so big that I’m completely lost.
5.(教材P18)I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible.
【自主归纳】
1.名词短语作主语的是 ; 名词短语作宾语的是 ; 名词短语作表语的是 ;
2.a little confusing, so big, completely lost是 ;
3.well enough 和quite well 是 。
在高中阶段,常见的短语形式有:名词短语(Noun Phrase)、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)、介词短语(Prepositional Phrase)及动词短语(Verb Phrase)等。
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
1.名词短语的意义和组成
名词短语指名词与它的修饰语构成的短语。名词短语通常由(限定词)+(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)等组成。
类型 示例
限定词+名词 the girl, my car
限定词+形容词 (短语)+名词 a beautiful girl, her nice ring
限定词+名词+ 介词短语 the campus of my school
限定词+描述性 名词+名词 my school life
①The school club has attracted many students to
限定词+名词+名词 限定词+名词
sign up. 该学校俱乐部吸引了很多学生报名。
②I liked walking around the beautiful campus talking with my friends. 限定词+形容词+名词
限定词+名词
我喜欢在美丽的校园里和朋友们散步、聊天。
[温馨提示] 限定词包括:冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this/that/these/those等)、物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their等)、不定代词(some/no/neither/both等)和数词(one/two/first/second等)。
2.名词短语的句法功能
名词短语在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语。
①I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course.
宾语 宾语
我有点儿担心在高级课程方面跟不上其他学生。
②She is a very good teacher and is always patient
表语
with her students.
宾语
她是一个非常好的老师,对学生总是很有耐心。
③All of a sudden, some wonderful ideas came into my mind.主语
宾语
突然间,我想到了一些绝妙的主意。
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
1.形容词短语的意义和组成
形容词短语指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。形容词短语常由副词+形容词+(介词短语)构成。
类型 示例
副词+形容词 very suitable
形容词+enough good enough
形容词+介词短语 good for nothing
①The weather is fairly warm, so I’d like to have a
副词+形容词
walk.
天气相当暖和,因此我想出去走走。
②We reached our destination, tired and hungry.
形容词+形容词
到达目的地时,我们又累又饿。
2.形容词短语的句法功能
形容词短语可以修饰名词或代词作前置或后置定语,还可以用作表语、宾语补足语或状语。
①Mark was mainly interested in sport at school,
表语
playing rugby as well as soccer.
在学校,马克主要对体育运动很感兴趣,他打橄榄球,也踢足球。
②I hope the nice weather and convenient transportation
here can make your trip more enjoyable.
宾补
我希望这里的好天气和便捷的交通能让你的旅行更加愉快。
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
1.副词短语的意义和组成
副词短语指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式有:副词+副词。
①He and I have worked together for a couple of years. That’s why I know him pretty well.
副词+副词
我和他在一起工作过几年,那就是我对他很熟悉的原因。
②She spoke clearly enough for everyone to understand.
副词+副词
她说话够清楚,每个人都懂。
[温馨提示] 副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
2.副词短语的句法功能
副词短语在句中可以修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。
①He ran far too fast, so I could hardly keep up with him.
状语(修饰动词)
他跑得太快了,我几乎跟不上他。
②I am much too pleased to see you.
状语(修饰形容词)
我见到你很高兴。
③He worked much more carefully on the new design.
状语(修饰副词)
他在新设计上做得更仔细了。
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 用下划线标出下列句子中的名词短语
1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
2.The first young man wearing blue jeans is a bus driver.
●Ⅱ 用下划线标出下列句子中的形容词短语
1.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
2.The holiday is long enough.
3.The medicine is good for the stomach.
●Ⅲ 用下划线标出下列句子中的副词短语
1.You are driving too fast. Could you drive more slowly
2.Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
3.The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
●Ⅳ 语法与写作
1.Swimming is a good sport, which is very beneficial to .
游泳是一项很好的运动,它对我们的健康很有好处。
2.Today some classmates and I went to climb Mount Tai. It is .
今天我和一些同学去爬泰山了,它很高、很漂亮。
3.The children have read the poem several times, and can all recite it now.
孩子们把这首诗读了好几遍,现在都能背诵得相当流利了。
4.During my study of English my monitor offered me .
在我学习英语的过程中,我的班长给了我很多帮助。
5.After we got to the Great Wall at noon, we felt .
中午到达长城后,我们感觉很累,但很高兴。
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
【自主归纳】
1.the first week, the building; the school football team; a very difficult language
2.形容词短语作表语
3.副词短语作状语
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
2.The first young man wearing blue jeans is a bus driver.
●Ⅱ 1.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
2.The holiday is long enough.
3.The medicine is good for the stomach.
●Ⅲ 1.You are driving too fast. Could you drive more slowly
2.Strangely enough, she didn’t seem to like ballet very much.
3.The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
●Ⅳ 1.our health 2.very high and beautiful 3.quite fluently
4.a lot of help 5.tired but happyPeriod Three Discovering Useful Structures
●Ⅰ 根据要求画出句子中的名词短语、形容词短语或副词短语(每小题2分,满分10分)
1.I have three good friends.(画出名词短语)
2.The nice present is for you.(画出名词短语)
3.The book on the desk is so interesting.(画出形容词短语)
4.Tom runs quite fast.(画出副词短语)
5.The weather is a constant topic of conversation in Britain.(画出名词短语)
●Ⅱ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分12分)
1. fell down from the roof and broke my car. (piece)
一大块儿冰从房顶上掉下来, 砸坏了我的汽车。
2.Jane because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour.(in)
简很着急, 因为去机场的火车半小时后就发车了。
3. , Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class to be picked for any sports team. (形容词)
本·桑德斯个头矮且腼腆, 是班上最不可能被任何运动队挑选的孩子。
4.After she heard this, Mrs Ma was moved, .(with+名词+介词短语)
听到这话后, 马夫人感动得热泪盈眶。
●Ⅲ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·河南郑州一中高一期中]
Habits for a healthy lifestyle
As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own 1. (decision). However, it can be easy for some of them 2. (form) bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead 3. more serious ones when they become adults. To prevent harmful habits from dominating a teenager’s life is essential.
However, to change bad habits is never easy. There is a famous saying 4. (base) on Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we 5. (previous) made. The good news is 6. we can change if we understand how habits work.
To promote 7. positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by 8. (combine) the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. Aside from this, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.
A 9. (success) way to change takes a period of time. As Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles 10. (begin) with a single step.” To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline(自律) and repeatedly take many small steps.
●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·浙江绍兴会稽联盟高一期中]
Everyone wants to feel happier. But sometimes happiness can be elusive (难以得到的). That’s why Yale University created a course about happiness. It was designed and taught by Laurie Santos, a professor of psychology. It was originally named “Psychology and the Good Life” and soon became the university’s most popular course ever!
In 2020, the happiness course went online through the learning site Coursera. Now it has been revised for teens. The six-week free course was launched on January 16, 2023 and consists of short TikTok length videos that talk about happiness and mental well-being, and has the goal of achieving both.
In a few days, more than 13,000 teens applied for the course online and to date more than 290,000 people have viewed the course information. The response shows just how necessary this course is. Today’s teens are experiencing feelings of isolation (孤独), depression, and anxiety and more than 37 percent of high school students said they suffered from poor mental health, according to a survey from the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Almost half of the students said that they felt continually sad.
According to Santos, teenagers are trying to be happy but are going about it in the wrong ways. The course focuses on the things that these young adults can do and gives them the tools to do so. Some of these include volunteering or doing random acts of kindness for others. Other strategies include how to silence your inner critic and how to promote self-acceptance. But one of the most important tools for teens is teaching them how to regulate their emotions.
“If we can teach teens to try to make changes to things they can control, they feel more empowered,” Santos said. “If they feel more empowered, they feel more in control of their life. And if they feel more in control of their life, they’re not feeling helpless. Then they don’t tend to be as depressed.”
( )1.Why did Yale University establish the course about happiness
A.Happiness is sometimes difficult to get.
B.It hoped to enrich students’ college life.
C.Many college students have mental problems.
D.It wanted to attract more students.
( )2.What was the reaction of the public to the six-week happiness course
A.Many people showed interest in it.
B.Few teens were willing to cancel it.
C.Some adults raised doubts about it.
D.A number of people paid for it.
( )3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “regulate” in Para. 4
A.Improve. B.Record.
C.Avoid. D.Control.
( )4.What does the text mainly talk about
A.A psychology professor.
B.Social problems facing teens.
C.A happiness course adapted for teens.
D.University courses suitable for teens.
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·江苏连云港高一学情检测]
Being a teenager is hard. You’re trying to grow into an adult and are facing new challenges every day. 1. Remember that your feelings are normal and everyone struggles with self-confidence at youth. You can take some steps to improve your confidence by applying confident body language.
Make eye contact.
Making eye contact with another person is a great way to show confidence. People will treat you with more respect if you are able to look them in the eyes. 2. That can make the other person feel uncomfortable.
Stay visible (引人注目的).
Never hide behind your hair or curl up (蜷缩) in a ball. Confident people have body language that presents they deserve(值得) to be there. So keep your hair off your face. 3. Besides, you should sit tall. Make sure you’re sitting up straight with your head up.
Keep smiling.
A sincere smile makes you look better and friendlier, but did you know it also helps you feel better Studies have found that even forcing yourself to smile can lighten your mood. 4. Smiling makes you look more comfortable, and can even make you more memorable.
Being a teenager is not an easy time. You are forming your identity and learning about the world…and so is everybody else! Take confidence in the fact that your feelings and struggles are normal. 5.
A.Put your hands in your lap or on your desk.
B.But you don’t need to fix your eyes on them.
C.Keep it behind your ears or pull it back if you need to.
D.And remind yourself that you can use confident body language.
E.You may sometimes feel anxious about all the changes in your life.
F.And if you are feeling happier, you will likely feel more confident, too.
G.Practise making eye contact with people you are most comfortable with.
●Ⅵ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·东北师大附中高一期中]
When other teenagers hang out with friends in the summer vacations, Erica doesn’t join. Instead, the 16-year-old senior high student is 1 filling cake orders and updating (更新) her website. She 2 Kayke Bakery, a home-based business.
Erica started baking out of 3 in the year 2021. Her first try was a(n) 4 . Yet she made more cakes the next day and 5 her techniques (技巧) through teaching videos every day. “I saw other people’s decorated cakes and was 6 to be a cake artist instead of just a baker,” Erica said. After full 7 , she asked her parents about setting up her own business. “Seeing how 8 she was,” Erica’s mother recalled, “we 9 and began to help her deal with all the legalities (法律事务) for its opening.” Soon, she had 10 customers always coming to her for custom cakes. “ 11 dealing with both school and a business is challenging at times, but I managed to get 12 ,” she said. “I’m glad to be able to do what I love.”
Always considered a 13 , Erica finished her senior year with almost full marks. She plans to 14 cake decorating after senior high. “I’m thinking about starting non-profit (非营利的) organisations.” In these years, besides learning different techniques, Erica has become more 15 . “I realize I have great potential (潜力) and power.”
( )1.A.curious B.busy
C.anxious D.positive
( )2.A.organises B.shelters
C.recognizes D.runs
( )3.A.sight B.pity
C.love D.politeness
( )4.A.failure B.success
C.pressure D.embarrassment
( )5.A.exchanged B.improved
C.shared D.presented
( )6.A.reminded B.permitted
C.recommended D.inspired
( )7.A.comparison B.debate
C.consideration D.contact
( )8.A.annoyed B.graceful
C.awkward D.serious
( )9.A.revised B.agreed
C.tracked D.impacted
( )10.A.regular B.powerful
C.favourite D.fluent
( )11.A.Unobviously B.Unimportantly
C.Unluckily D.Unavoidably
( )12.A.down B.off
C.through D.up
( )13.A.model B.partner
C.host D.captain
( )14.A.keep to B.go beyond
C.jump at D.work on
( )15.A.outgoing B.economical
C.confident D.attractive
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.1.I have three good friends.
2.The nice present is for you.
3.The book on the desk is so interesting.
4.Tom runs quite fast.
5.The weather is a constant topic of conversation in Britain.
Ⅱ.1.A big piece of ice 2.is in a hurry 3.Short and shy 4.with tears in her eyes
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。对于青少年来说避免养成不良习惯极为重要,如果已经有了坏习惯,应当积极去改正,才能培养出健康的生活方式。
1.decisions 考查名词复数。make one’s decisions意为“做决定”。故填decisions。
2.to form 考查非谓语动词。“It is+adj.+for sb to do sth.”是固定句型,it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式。故填to form。
3.to 考查介词。lead to意为“导致”。故填to。
4.based 考查非谓语动词。空处需要非谓语动词作后置定语修饰a famous saying,base和saying之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。故填based。
5.previously 考查副词。修饰动词made,需用副词previously,表示“先前,以前”。故填previously。
6.that 考查表语从句。此句是表语从句,从句成分完整,应用无实义的that引导。故填that。
7.a 考查冠词。change是单数名词,应用不定冠词表泛指,其后的positive以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
8.combining 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词by的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填combining。
9.successful 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰其后的way,需用形容词successful,表示“成功的”。故填successful。
10.begins 考查时态和主谓一致。表述客观真理,应用一般现在时,主语中心词a journey是单数,谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填begins。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学开设的一门关于幸福的课程,该课程后来被改编为适合青少年的在线课程,并介绍了其受欢迎程度及重要性。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段“Everyone wants to feel happier. But sometimes happiness can be elusive(难以得到的). That’s why Yale University created a course about happiness.”可知,耶鲁大学开设这门课程是因为有时幸福是难以得到的。故选A。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第一段“It was designed and taught by Laurie Santos, a professor of psychology. It was originally named ‘Psychology and the Good Life’ and soon became the university’s most popular course ever!”(这门课程由心理学教授Laurie Santos设计并教授,最初名为“心理学与美好生活”,很快成为该校有史以来最受欢迎的课程。)以及第三段“In a few days, more than 13,000 teens applied for the course online and to date more than 290,000 people have viewed the course information.”(在几天内,超过13 000名青少年在线申请了该课程,至今已有超过29万人查看了课程信息。)可推知,公众对此课程非常感兴趣。故选A。
3.D 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Other strategies include how to silence your inner critic and how to promote self-acceptance. But one of the most important tools for teens is teaching them how to regulate their emotions.”以及最后一段“‘If we can teach teens to try to make changes to things they can control, they feel more empowered,’ Santos said.”可知,教会青少年调控自己的情绪是最重要的,画线词regulate意为“调控”。故选D。
4.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Everyone wants to feel happier…and soon became the university’s most popular course ever!”以及第二段“In 2020, the happiness course went online through the learning site Coursera. Now it has been revised for teens.”(2020年,这门幸福课程通过学习网站Coursera上线。现在它已经为青少年进行了修订。)可知,文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学开设的一门关于幸福的课程,该课程后来被改编为适合青少年的在线课程,并介绍了其受欢迎程度及重要性。故选C。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了青少年如何通过运用自信的肢体语言来提高自信。
1.E 根据空前的“Being a teenager is hard. You’re trying to grow into an adult and are facing new challenges every day.”可知,青少年每天都面临着新的挑战,根据空后的“Remember that your feelings are normal and everyone struggles with self-confidence at youth.”可知,此处建议青少年记住每个人年轻时都会与自信做斗争,由此可推断,此空讲述的仍是青少年面临的困扰,E选项“You may sometimes feel anxious about all the changes in your life.”(你有时可能会对生活中所有的变化感到焦虑。)讲述的是青少年有时候会对生活的变化感到焦虑,与空前内容一致。故选E项。
2.B 根据本段的主题句“Make eye contact.”可知,本段建议青少年使用眼神交流来提高自信,结合空后的“That can make the other person feel uncomfortable.”可知,此空讲述的是某种与眼神交流相关的做法让其他人不舒服,B选项“But you don’t need to fix your eyes on them.”(但你不需要盯着他们看。)讲述的内容与眼神交流相关且盯着其他人的做法会让其他人不舒服,与主题吻合,且空后的that指代的是fix your eyes on them。故选B项。
3.C 根据空前的“So keep your hair off your face.”可知,此处建议把脸露出来,结合空后的“Besides, you should sit tall. Make sure you’re sitting up straight with your head up.”可知,空后内容讲述的是引起人注意的另一方法,由此可知,此空继续讲述与头发相关的内容,C选项“Keep it behind your ears or pull it back if you need to.”(把它放在耳朵后面,或者在需要的时候把它拨到身后。)讲述的内容与如何打理头发相关,且与空前内容吻合。故选C项。
4.F 根据空前的“Studies have found that even forcing yourself to smile can lighten your mood.”可知,强迫自己微笑都会让人心情放松,结合空后的“Smiling makes you look more comfortable, and can even make you more memorable.”可知,微笑会让人看起来更舒服、更难忘,由此可推断,此空讲述的应是微笑带来的好处,F选项“And if you are feeling happier, you will likely feel more confident, too.”(如果你感到更快乐,你可能也会感到更自信。)讲述的内容承接空前的内容。故选F项。
5.D 尾段对文章内容进行总结,结合空前的“Take confidence in the fact that your feelings and struggles are normal.”可知,此处再次强调青少年感到挣扎是正常的,与首段内容呼应,D选项“And remind yourself that you can use confident body language.”(提醒自己可以使用自信的肢体语言。)与第一段的“You can take some steps to improve your confidence by applying confident body language.”以及上文中讲述的提升自己信心的方法呼应。故选D项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个16岁的高中生自己开烘焙店,并计划在高中毕业后创办非营利组织的故事。
1.B 根据上文“When other teenagers hang out with friends in the summer vacations, Erica doesn’t join.”以及句首instead可知,Erica没有和朋友一起玩,她正忙于交付蛋糕订单和更新网站。be busy doing sth表示“忙于做某事”。故选B项。
2.D 根据上文“…filling cake orders and updating (更新) her website.”和下文“…she asked her parents about setting up her own business.”可知,她经营着Kayke Bakery这家店。故选D项。 organise组织;shelter庇护,躲避;recognize认出,识别; run管理,经营。
3.C 根据下文“I’m glad to be able to do what I love.”可知,Erica做烘焙是因为喜爱。故选C项。 sight视野,视力;pity遗憾;love喜爱,爱; politeness礼貌。
4.A 根据下文的转折“Yet she made more cakes the next day…”可知,她第一次尝试失败了。故选A项。 failure失败的人或事物;success成功的人或事物; pressure压力;embarrassment困境。
5.B 根据through teaching videos every day可知,她看教学视频是为了提高自己的烘焙技术。故选B项。exchange交换; improve提高,改善;share分享; present提出,展示。
6.D 根据“I saw other people’s decorated cakes…”可知,此处指看到别人装饰的蛋糕后受到启发。故选D项。remind提醒; permit允许; recommend推荐,建议; inspire启发,鼓舞。
7.C 根据“…she asked her parents about setting up her own business.”可知,她应是经过慎重考虑才请求父母允许自己创业的。故选C项。 comparison比较;debate辩论;consideration考虑;contact联系。
8.D 根据上文“After full…”和语境可知,她很认真地和父母讨论创业。故选D项。annoyed恼怒的;graceful优雅的;awkward尴尬的;serious严肃的,认真的。
9.B 根据“…began to help her deal with all the legalities (法律事务) for its opening.”可知,父母同意她创业。故选B项。revise温习;agree同意; track跟踪,追踪;impact有影响。
10.A 根据always coming to her for custom cakes可知,她很快就有了一批固定的顾客。regular customer常客,老客户。故选A项。
11.D 根据语境和dealing with both school and a business可知,她作为学生经营一家烘焙店,不可避免地要同时处理学业和生意上的事。故选D项。unobviously不明显地;unimportantly不重要地;unluckily不幸地;unavoidably不可避免地。
12.C 根据challenging以及转折词but可知,虽然事情很有挑战性,但是她设法渡过难关。get through(设法)处理,顺利度过。故选C项。
13.A 根据“…Erica finished her senior year with almost full marks.”可知,Erica以几乎满分的成绩完成了她的高三,因此被认为是模范。故选A项。model模范,典型; partner同伴;host主人;captain船长,机长。
14.B 根据下文“I’m thinking about starting non-profit (非营利的) organisations.”可知,她计划不只做烘焙,打算超越现有的蛋糕装饰这一工作,创办一个非营利组织。故选B项。keep to遵守;go beyond超过,超越; jump at迫不及待地接受,欣然接受;work on从事。
15.C 根据下文“I realize I have great potential (潜力) and power.”可知,她变得更加自信。故选C项。outgoing外向的;economical实惠的,节俭的;confident自信的;attractive有吸引力的。(共69张PPT)
Period Three
Discovering Useful Structures
语法归纳
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
【探究发现】
Phrases 短语(1)
指出下面的加黑词属于哪类短语并在句子中作什么成分。
1.(教材P14)The first week was a little confusing.
2.(教材P14)I know that Chinese is a very difficult language.
3.(教材P14)I tried to join the school football team, but the
coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
4.(教材P16)The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
5.(教材P18)I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel
terrible.
【自主归纳】
1.名词短语作主语的是__________________________; 名词短语作宾
语的是________________________; 名词短语作表语的是
________________________;
the first week, the building
the school football team
a very difficult language
2.a little confusing, so big, completely lost是__________________;
3.well enough 和quite well 是________________。
形容词短语作表语
副词短语作状语
在高中阶段,常见的短语形式有:名词短语(Noun Phrase)、形容
词短语(Adjective Phrase)、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)、介词短语
(Prepositional Phrase)及动词短语(Verb Phrase)等。
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
1.名词短语的意义和组成
名词短语指名词与它的修饰语构成的短语。名词短语通常由
(限定词)+(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)等组成。
类型 示例
限定词+名词 the girl, my car
限定词+形容词 (短语)+名词 a beautiful girl, her nice ring
限定词+名词+介词短语 the campus of my school
限定词+描述性 名词+名词 my school life
① has attracted to sign up. 该学
校俱乐部吸引了很多学生报名。
②I liked walking around talking
with .
我喜欢在美丽的校园里和朋友们散步、聊天。
［温馨提示］限定词包括:冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词 (this/that/
these/those等)、物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their等)、不定
代词(some/no/neither/both等)和数词(one/two/first/second等)。
2.名词短语的句法功能
名词短语在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语。
①I'm a bit worried about keeping up with
in .
我有点儿担心在高级课程方面跟不上其他学生。
②She is and is always patient with .
她是一个非常好的老师,对学生总是很有耐心。
③All of a sudden, came into 。
突然间,我想到了一些绝妙的主意。
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
1.形容词短语的意义和组成
形容词短语指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。
形容词短语常由副词+形容词+(介词短语)构成。
类型 示例
副词+形容词 very suitable
形容词+enough good enough
形容词+介词短语 good for nothing
①The weather is , so I'd like to have a walk.
天气相当暖和,因此我想出去走走。
②We reached our destination, .
到达目的地时,我们又累又饿。
2.形容词短语的句法功能
形容词短语可以修饰名词或代词作前置或后置定语,还可以用作
表语、宾语补足语或状语。
①Mark was mainly sport at school,playing rugby as
well as soccer.
在学校,马克主要对体育运动很感兴趣,他打橄榄球,也踢足球。
②I hope the nice weather and convenient transportation here
can make your trip .
我希望这里的好天气和便捷的交通能让你的旅行更加愉快。
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
1.副词短语的意义和组成
副词短语指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于
副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式有:副
词+副词。
①He and I have worked together for a couple of years. That's
why I know him .
我和他在一起工作过几年,那就是我对他很熟悉的原因。
②She spoke for everyone to understand.
她说话够清楚,每个人都懂。
［温馨提示］副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或
者副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
2.副词短语的句法功能
副词短语在句中可以修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。
①He ran , so I could hardly keep up with him.
他跑得太快了,我几乎跟不上他。
②I am pleased to see you.
我见到你很高兴。
③He worked carefully on the new design.
他在新设计上做得更仔细了。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ用下划线标出下列句子中的名词短语
1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
[答案] The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
2.The first young man wearing blue jeans is a bus driver.
[答案] The first young man wearing blue jeans is a bus driver.
Ⅱ用下划线标出下列句子中的形容词短语
1.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
[答案] Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
2.The holiday is long enough.
[答案] The holiday is long enough.
3.The medicine is good for the stomach.
[答案] The medicine is good for the stomach.
Ⅲ用下划线标出下列句子中的副词短语
1.You are driving too fast. Could you drive more slowly
[答案] You are driving too fast. Could you drive more slowly
2.Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet very much.
[答案] Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet very
much.
3.The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
[答案] The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
Ⅳ语法与写作
1.Swimming is a good sport, which is very beneficial to
___________.
游泳是一项很好的运动,它对我们的健康很有好处。
our health
2.Today some classmates and I went to climb Mount Tai. It is
_______________________.
今天我和一些同学去爬泰山了,它很高、很漂亮。
very high and beautiful
3.The children have read the poem several times, and can all
recite it _____________ now.
孩子们把这首诗读了好几遍,现在都能背诵得相当流利了。
quite fluently
4.During my study of English my monitor offered me
_____________.
在我学习英语的过程中,我的班长给了我很多帮助。
a lot of help
5.After we got to the Great Wall at noon, we felt ____________
______.
中午到达长城后,我们感觉很累,但很高兴。
tired but happy
练 习 册
Ⅰ根据要求画出句子中的名词短语、形容词短语或副词短语
(每小题2分，满分10分)
1.I have three good friends.(画出名词短语)
[答案] I have three good friends.
2.The nice present is for you.(画出名词短语)
[答案] The nice present is for you.
1
2
3
4
5
3.The book on the desk is so interesting.(画出形容词短语)
[答案] The book on the desk is so interesting.
4.Tom runs quite fast.(画出副词短语)
[答案] Tom runs quite fast.
5.The weather is a constant topic of conversation in Britain.
(画出名词短语)
[答案] The weather is a constant topic of conversation in Britain.
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅱ句型训练(每小题3分，满分12分)
1.__________________ fell down from the roof and broke my
car. (piece)
一大块儿冰从房顶上掉下来, 砸坏了我的汽车。
A big piece of ice
2.Jane _____________ because the train to the airport leaves in
half an hour.(in)
简很着急, 因为去机场的火车半小时后就发车了。
is in a hurry
1
2
3
4
3.______________, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class to
be picked for any sports team. (形容词)
本·桑德斯个头矮且腼腆, 是班上最不可能被任何运动队挑选的孩子。
Short and shy
4.After she heard this, Mrs Ma was moved, __________________
____.(with+名词+介词短语)
听到这话后, 马夫人感动得热泪盈眶。
with tears in her eyes
1
2
3
4
Ⅲ语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
［2025·河南郑州一中高一期中］
Habits for a healthy lifestyle
As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and
start making their own 1.__________ (decision). However, it can
be easy for some of them 2._________ (form) bad habits. These
bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead 3.____ more serious
ones when they become adults. To prevent harmful habits from
dominating a teenager's life is essential.
decisions
to form
to
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
However, to change bad habits is never easy. There is a
famous saying 4._______ (base) on Aristotle: “We are what we
repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices
we 5.__________ (previous) made. The good news is 6._____ we
can change if we understand how habits work.
To promote 7.___ positive change in our bad habits, we
must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt
them. We can do this by 8.___________ (combine) the
information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.
based
previously
that
a
combining
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Aside from this, we can also use the habit cycle to create good
habits.
A 9.__________ (success) way to change takes a period of
time. As Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles
10._______ (begin) with a single step.” To reach the goal of
change, a person must show some discipline(自律) and
repeatedly take many small steps.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。对于青少年来说避免养成不良习
惯极为重要，如果已经有了坏习惯，应当积极去改正，才能培养出
健康的生活方式。
successful
begins
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.__________
decisions
[解析] 考查名词复数。make one's decisions意为“做决定”。故填
decisions。
2._________
to form
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。“It is+adj.+for sb to do sth.”是固定句型，
it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。故填to form。
3.____
to
[解析] 考查介词。lead to意为“导致”。故填to。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4._______
based
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处需要非谓语动词作后置定语修饰a
famous saying，base和saying之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。
故填based。
5.__________
previously
[解析] 考查副词。修饰动词made，需用副词previously，表示“先前，
以前”。故填previously。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6._____
that
[解析] 考查表语从句。此句是表语从句，从句成分完整，应用无实
义的that引导。故填that。
7.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。change是单数名词，应用不定冠词表泛指，其后
的positive以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
8.___________
combining
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式。
故填combining。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.__________
successful
[解析] 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰其后的way，需用形容词
successful，表示“成功的”。故填successful。
10._______
begins
[解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。表述客观真理，应用一般现在时，主
语中心词a journey是单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填begins。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·浙江绍兴会稽联盟高一期中］
Everyone wants to feel happier. But sometimes happiness
can be elusive (难以得到的). That's why Yale University created a
course about happiness. It was designed and taught by Laurie
Santos, a professor of psychology. It was originally named
“Psychology and the Good Life” and soon became the
university's most popular course ever!
1
2
3
4
In 2020, the happiness course went online through the
learning site Coursera. Now it has been revised for teens. The
six-week free course was launched on January 16, 2023 and
consists of short TikTok length videos that talk about happiness
and mental well-being, and has the goal of achieving both.
In a few days, more than 13,000 teens applied for the
course online and to date more than 290,000 people have
viewed the course information. The response shows just how
necessary this course is. Today's teens are experiencing feelings
1
2
3
4
of isolation (孤独), depression, and anxiety and more than 37
percent of high school students said they suffered from poor
mental health, according to a survey from the US Centres for
Disease Control and Prevention. Almost half of the students said
that they felt continually sad.
According to Santos, teenagers are trying to be happy but
are going about it in the wrong ways. The course focuses on
the things that these young adults can do and gives them the
tools to do so. Some of these include volunteering or doing
1
2
3
4
random acts of kindness for others. Other strategies include how
to silence your inner critic and how to promote self-acceptance.
But one of the most important tools for teens is teaching them
how to regulate their emotions.
“If we can teach teens to try to make changes to things
they can control, they feel more empowered,” Santos said. “If
they feel more empowered, they feel more in control of their
life. And if they feel more in control of their life, they're not
feeling helpless. Then they don't tend to be as depressed.”
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学开设
的一门关于幸福的课程，该课程后来被改编为适合青少年的在线课
程，并介绍了其受欢迎程度及重要性。
1
2
3
4
( )1.Why did Yale University establish the course about
happiness
A.Happiness is sometimes difficult to get.
B.It hoped to enrich students' college life.
C.Many college students have mental problems.
D.It wanted to attract more students.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“Everyone wants to feel happier.
But sometimes happiness can be elusive(难以得到的). That's why
Yale University created a course about happiness.”可知，耶鲁大
学开设这门课程是因为有时幸福是难以得到的。故选A。
√
1
2
3
4
( )2.What was the reaction of the public to the six-week
happiness course
A.Many people showed interest in it.
B.Few teens were willing to cancel it.
C.Some adults raised doubts about it.
D.A number of people paid for it.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段“It was designed and taught by
Laurie Santos, a professor of psychology. It was originally named
‘Psychology and the Good Life’ and soon became the
university's most popular course ever!”(这门课程由心理学教授
Laurie Santos设计并教授，最初名为“心理学与美好生活”，很快成为
该校有史以来最受欢迎的课程。)以及第三段“In a few days, more
than 13,000 teens applied for the course online and to date
more than 290,000 people have viewed the course
information.”(在几天内，超过13 000名青少年在线申请了该课程，
至今已有超过29万人查看了课程信息。)可推知，公众对此课程非常
感兴趣。故选A。
1
2
3
4
( )3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word
“regulate” in Para. 4
A.Improve. B.Record. C.Avoid. D.Control.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Other strategies include how to
silence your inner critic and how to promote self-acceptance.
But one of the most important tools for teens is teaching them
how to regulate their emotions.”以及最后一段“‘If we can teach
teens to try to make changes to things they can control, they
feel more empowered,’ Santos said.”可知，教会青少年调控自己的
情绪是最重要的，画线词regulate意为“调控”。故选D。
√
1
2
3
4
( )4.What does the text mainly talk about
A.A psychology professor.
B.Social problems facing teens.
C.A happiness course adapted for teens.
D.University courses suitable for teens.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Everyone wants to feel
happier…and soon became the university's most popular course
ever!”以及第二段“In 2020, the happiness course went online
through the learning site Coursera. Now it has been revised for
teens.”(2020年，这门幸福课程通过学习网站Coursera上线。现在它
已经为青少年进行了修订。)可知，文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学开设的
一门关于幸福的课程，该课程后来被改编为适合青少年的在线课程，
并介绍了其受欢迎程度及重要性。故选C。
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Ⅴ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·江苏连云港高一学情检测］
Being a teenager is hard. You're trying to grow into an
adult and are facing new challenges every day. 1.___ Remember
that your feelings are normal and everyone struggles with self-
confidence at youth. You can take some steps to improve your
confidence by applying confident body language.
E
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5
Make eye contact.
Making eye contact with another person is a great way to
show confidence. People will treat you with more respect if you
are able to look them in the eyes. 2.___ That can make the
other person feel uncomfortable.
Stay visible (引人注目的).
Never hide behind your hair or curl up (蜷缩) in a ball.
Confident people have body language that presents they
deserve(值得) to be there. So keep your hair off your face.
3.___ Besides, you should sit tall. Make sure you're sitting up
straight with your head up.
B
C
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Keep smiling.
A sincere smile makes you look better and friendlier, but
did you know it also helps you feel better Studies have found
that even forcing yourself to smile can lighten your mood. 4.___
Smiling makes you look more comfortable, and can even make
you more memorable.
Being a teenager is not an easy time. You are forming your
identity and learning about the world…and so is everybody else!
Take confidence in the fact that your feelings and struggles are
normal. 5.___
F
D
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5
A.Put your hands in your lap or on your desk.
B.But you don't need to fix your eyes on them.
C.Keep it behind your ears or pull it back if you need to.
D.And remind yourself that you can use confident body
language.
E.You may sometimes feel anxious about all the changes in your
life.
F.And if you are feeling happier, you will likely feel more
confident, too.
G.Practise making eye contact with people you are most
comfortable with.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了青少年如何通过运用
自信的肢体语言来提高自信。
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1.___
E
[解析] 根据空前的“Being a teenager is hard. You're trying to
grow into an adult and are facing new challenges every day.”可
知，青少年每天都面临着新的挑战，根据空后的“Remember that
your feelings are normal and everyone struggles with self-
confidence at youth.”可知，此处建议青少年记住每个人年轻时都会
与自信做斗争，由此可推断，此空讲述的仍是青少年面临的困扰，E
选项“You may sometimes feel anxious about all the changes in
your life.”(你有时可能会对生活中所有的变化感到焦虑。)讲述的是
青少年有时候会对生活的变化感到焦虑，与空前内容一致。故选E项。
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2.___
B
[解析] 根据本段的主题句“Make eye contact.”可知，本段建议青少
年使用眼神交流来提高自信，结合空后的“That can make the other
person feel uncomfortable.”可知，此空讲述的是某种与眼神交流相
关的做法让其他人不舒服，B选项“But you don't need to fix your
eyes on them.”(但你不需要盯着他们看。)讲述的内容与眼神交流相
关且盯着其他人的做法会让其他人不舒服，与主题吻合，且空后的
that指代的是fix your eyes on them。故选B项。
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3.___
C
[解析] 根据空前的“So keep your hair off your face.”可知，此处建
议把脸露出来，结合空后的“Besides, you should sit tall. Make
sure you're sitting up straight with your head up.”可知，空后内
容讲述的是引起人注意的另一方法，由此可知，此空继续讲述与头
发相关的内容，C选项“Keep it behind your ears or pull it back if
you need to.”(把它放在耳朵后面，或者在需要的时候把它拨到身
后。)讲述的内容与如何打理头发相关，且与空前内容吻合。故选C项。
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4.___
F
[解析] 根据空前的“Studies have found that even forcing yourself
to smile can lighten your mood.”可知，强迫自己微笑都会让人心
情放松，结合空后的“Smiling makes you look more comfortable,
and can even make you more memorable.”可知，微笑会让人看
起来更舒服、更难忘，由此可推断，此空讲述的应是微笑带来的好
处，F选项“And if you are feeling happier, you will likely feel
more confident, too.”(如果你感到更快乐，你可能也会感到更自
信。)讲述的内容承接空前的内容。故选F项。
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2
3
4
5
5.___
D
[解析] 尾段对文章内容进行总结，结合空前的“Take confidence in
the fact that your feelings and struggles are normal.”可知，此处
再次强调青少年感到挣扎是正常的，与首段内容呼应，D选项“And
remind yourself that you can use confident body language.”
(提醒自己可以使用自信的肢体语言。)与第一段的“You can take
some steps to improve your confidence by applying confident
body language.”以及上文中讲述的提升自己信心的方法呼应。故选
D项。
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5
Ⅵ完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
［2025·东北师大附中高一期中］
When other teenagers hang out with friends in the summer
vacations, Erica doesn't join. Instead, the 16-year-old senior high
student is . .1. . filling cake orders and updating (更新) her
website. She . .2. . Kayke Bakery, a home-based business.
Erica started baking out of . .3. . in the year 2021. Her first
try was a(n) . .4. .. Yet she made more cakes the next day
and . .5. . her techniques (技巧) through teaching videos every
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day. “I saw other people's decorated cakes and was . .6. . to be
a cake artist instead of just a baker,” Erica said. After full . .7. .,
she asked her parents about setting up her own business.
“Seeing how . .8. . she was,” Erica's mother recalled, “we . .9. . and
began to help her deal with all the legalities (法律事务) for its
opening.” Soon, she had . .10. . customers always coming to her
for custom cakes. “. .11. . dealing with both school and a
business is challenging at times, but I managed to get . .12. .,”
she said. “I'm glad to be able to do what I love.”
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Always considered a . .13. ., Erica finished her senior year
with almost full marks. She plans to . .14. . cake decorating after
senior high. “I'm thinking about starting non-profit (非营利的)
organisations.” In these years, besides learning different
techniques, Erica has become more . .15. .. “I realize I have great
potential (潜力) and power.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个16岁的高中生自
己开烘焙店，并计划在高中毕业后创办非营利组织的故事。
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( )1.A.curious B.busy C.anxious D.positive
[解析] 根据上文“When other teenagers hang out with friends in
the summer vacations， Erica doesn't join.”以及句首instead可知，
Erica没有和朋友一起玩，她正忙于交付蛋糕订单和更新网站。be
busy doing sth表示“忙于做某事”。故选B项。
( )2.A.organises B.shelters C.recognizes D.runs
[解析] 根据上文“…filling cake orders and updating (更新) her
website.”和下文“…she asked her parents about setting up her
own business.”可知，她经营着Kayke Bakery这家店。故选D项。
organise组织；shelter庇护，躲避；recognize认出，识别； run管理，
经营。
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( )3.A.sight B.pity C.love D.politeness
[解析] 根据下文“I'm glad to be able to do what I love.”可知，
Erica做烘焙是因为喜爱。故选C项。 sight视野，视力；pity遗憾；
love喜爱，爱； politeness礼貌。
( )4.A.failure B.success
C.pressure D.embarrassment
[解析] 根据下文的转折“Yet she made more cakes the next day…”
可知，她第一次尝试失败了。故选A项。 failure失败的人或事物；
success成功的人或事物； pressure压力；embarrassment困境。
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8
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( )5.A.exchanged B.improved C.shared D.presented
[解析] 根据through teaching videos every day可知，她看教学视
频是为了提高自己的烘焙技术。故选B项。exchange交换； improve
提高，改善；share分享； present提出，展示。
( )6.A.reminded B.permitted
C.recommended D.inspired
[解析] 根据“I saw other people's decorated cakes…”可知，此处指
看到别人装饰的蛋糕后受到启发。故选D项。remind提醒； permit
允许； recommend推荐，建议； inspire启发，鼓舞。
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( )7.A.comparison B.debate
C.consideration D.contact
[解析] 根据“…she asked her parents about setting up her own
business.”可知，她应是经过慎重考虑才请求父母允许自己创业的。
故选C项。 comparison比较；debate辩论；consideration考虑；
contact联系。
( )8.A.annoyed B.graceful C.awkward D.serious
[解析] 根据上文“After full…”和语境可知，她很认真地和父母讨论创
业。故选D项。annoyed恼怒的；graceful优雅的；awkward尴尬的；
serious严肃的，认真的。
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√
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7
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( )9.A.revised B.agreed C.tracked D.impacted
[解析] 根据“…began to help her deal with all the legalities
(法律事务) for its opening.”可知，父母同意她创业。故选B项。
revise温习；agree同意； track跟踪，追踪；impact有影响。
( )10.A.regular B.powerful C.favourite D.fluent
[解析] 根据always coming to her for custom cakes可知，她很快
就有了一批固定的顾客。regular customer常客，老客户。故选A项。
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√
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( )11.A.Unobviously B.Unimportantly
C.Unluckily D.Unavoidably
[解析] 根据语境和dealing with both school and a business可知，
她作为学生经营一家烘焙店，不可避免地要同时处理学业和生意上
的事。故选D项。unobviously不明显地；unimportantly不重要地；
unluckily不幸地；unavoidably不可避免地。
( )12.A.down B.off C.through D.up
[解析] 根据challenging以及转折词but可知，虽然事情很有挑战性，
但是她设法渡过难关。get through(设法)处理，顺利度过。故选C项。
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( )13.A.model B.partner C.host D.captain
[解析] 根据“…Erica finished her senior year with almost full
marks.”可知，Erica以几乎满分的成绩完成了她的高三，因此被认为
是模范。故选A项。model模范，典型； partner同伴；host主人；
captain船长，机长。
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( )14.A.keep to B.go beyond C.jump at D.work on
[解析] 根据下文“I'm thinking about starting non-profit (非营利的)
organisations.”可知，她计划不只做烘焙，打算超越现有的蛋糕装饰
这一工作，创办一个非营利组织。故选B项。keep to遵守；go
beyond超过，超越； jump at迫不及待地接受，欣然接受；work
on从事。
( )15.A.outgoing B.economical C.confident D.attractive
[解析] 根据下文“I realize I have great potential (潜力) and
power.”可知，她变得更加自信。故选C项。outgoing外向的；
economical实惠的，节俭的；confident自信的；attractive有吸引力的。
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Unit 1 TEENAGE LIFE
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
导学案
【自主归纳】
1.the first week, the building; the school football team; a very
difficult language
2.形容词短语作表语 3.副词短语作状语
语法归纳
【实战演练】
Ⅰ1.The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
2.The first young man wearing blue jeans is a bus driver.
Ⅱ 1.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
2.The holiday is long enough.
3.The medicine is good for the stomach.
Ⅲ 1.You are driving too fast. Could you drive more slowly
2.Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet very much.
3.The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
Ⅳ 1.our health 2.very high and beautiful 3.quite fluently
4.a lot of help 5.tired but happy
练习册
课内基础巩固
Ⅰ1.I have three good friends. 2.The nice present is for you.
3.The book on the desk is so interesting.
4.Tom runs quite fast.
5.The weather is a constant topic of conversation in Britain.
Ⅱ 1.A big piece of ice 2.is in a hurry 3.Short and shy
4.with tears in her eyes
Ⅲ 1.decisions 2.to form 3.to 4.based 5.previously 6.that
7.a 8.combining 9.successful 10.begins
课后素养提升
Ⅳ 1.A 2.A 3.D 4.C
Ⅴ 1.E 2.B 3.C 4.F 5.D
Ⅵ 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.D
12.C 13.A 14.B 15.C
