Period Two Reading and Thinking
Task One Fast reading for the structure of the text
●Ⅰ Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
Tangshan earthquake
Before the earthquake The water in the village wells 1. again and again.The well walls had deep cracks in them, of 2. some smelly gas came out. Animals like chickens and pigs became too 3. to eat
During the earthquake Everything began to 4. . A huge crack with eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut 5. houses, roads, and waterways. And hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt
Damage of the earthquake Over 400,000 people were killed or badly 6. in the quake.And nearly everything was 7.
Help from the whole nation The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were 8. and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built 9. for survivors whose homes had been destroyed
Great success people have achieved The new city has become a home 10. more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment
●Ⅱ Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage is mainly about
.
Task Two Careful reading for the details of the text
Choose the best answer according to the passage.
( )1.All the following unusual things happened before the earthquake EXCEPT that .
A.the water in the village wells rose and fell
B.chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat
C.mice ran out of the fields looking for hiding places
D.fish swam in the water as usual
( )2.Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because .
A.they didn’t notice anything strange happening
B.they knew well about earthquakes
C.something strange happened in many places
D.they didn’t realize the arrival of an earthquake
( )3.What does the title “The night the earth didn’t sleep” mean
A.The earth was awake all night long.
B.A terrible earthquake happened that night.
C.People on the earth couldn’t fall asleep that night.
D.Animals on the earth couldn’t fall asleep that night.
( )4.What’s the meaning of the last sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.” in Paragraph 4
A.People weren’t sad any more.
B.The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
C.The earthquake finally came to an end.
D.Those who were trapped were saved.
Task Three Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake happened. For several days, the water in the village wells 1. (rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks in them. Some smelly gas came out of the well. Some animals including fish, pigs and 2. (mouse) behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the city, 3. people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
4. (final) a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on 28 July 1976, in which many people died and many 5. (injure). Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead of water. People were greatly shocked. All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began 6. (wonder) how long the disaster would last. The whole city was completely destroyed and the world seemed to be 7. an end. It was one of the most destructive earthquakes ever, 8. shocked the whole nation.
However, the people of Tangshan didn’t lose hope because 150,000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 9. were trapped. They also built shelters for the 10. (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city by every means. Slowly, the city began to come back to life.
1.ruin n. 废墟 n.& vt. 破坏;毁坏
(1)in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 成为废墟
be reduced to ruins/ashes
沦为废墟
bring…to ruin 使……毁灭;使……没落
(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡
ruin one’s health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P50) In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里,一座大城市成为废墟。
(2)When the flood came, the small village was ruined in a matter of hours, with houses being washed away and crops destroyed.
当洪水来临时,这个小村庄在几个小时内就被毁坏了,房屋被冲走,庄稼也被毁掉了。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The village that was ruins after the flood was slowly being rebuilt with the help of volunteers from all over the world.
②Don’t pour hot water directly onto the wooden table, or the table surface (ruin).
③The heavy rain poured down, completely
(ruin) all the newly planted flowers in the garden.
◆完成句子
④The city, during the World War Ⅱ, has now been rebuilt into a prosperous big city.
这座在二战期间沦为废墟的城市,现在已经被重建为一个繁荣的大都市。
⑤Returning to his old neighbourhood, he , which brought back a flood of bittersweet memories.
回到旧街区时,他发现那家老剧院已破败不堪,这勾起了他许多既甜蜜又苦涩的回忆。
2.shock n. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt. (使)震惊
(1)…be a shock to… ……令……震惊
in shock 震惊地
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;惊讶的
be shocked at/by… 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
[温馨提示] shock用作名词时, 与不定冠词连用表示“令人震惊的人或事”。
【佳句背诵】
(教材P50)People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们惊魂未定,然而临近傍晚时分,又一场大地震撼动了唐山。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Her mother’s death came as great shock to her—it was so unexpected.
②I was so angry that I walked out, leaving him sitting there (shock) and white-faced.
③All the people present at the meeting felt very at the news. (shock)
◆完成句子
④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] A few weeks later, there came the news that I had won first place, .几周后,传来了我获得第一名的消息,这让我大为震惊。
⑤Learning that their team had won the championship, the players , with some even crying tears of joy at the unexpected victory.(读后续写之表情描写)
得知他们的球队赢得了冠军,队员们完全惊呆了,有些人甚至因为这意想不到的胜利喜极而泣。
【巧学助记】
The shocking news shocked all the people around, which was also a great shock to people all over the country. 这个令人震惊的消息震惊了周围所有的人,也让全国各地的人们大为震惊。
3.trap vt.(trapped; trapped; trapping) 使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n. 险境;陷阱;圈套
(1)be trapped in… 被困在……中;陷
在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人做某事
(2)fall into a trap (=be caught in a trap)
掉入陷阱;落入圈套
【佳句背诵】
(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空/一词多义
①[2024·浙江1月考] If I ever get (trap) outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys.
②A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.
③The locals were not allowed to trap and kill the birds.
④The eye-catching advertisements will trap us into buying things that we actually don’t need.
◆完成句子
⑤Passengers overnight said there was no electricity, food or wireless service.
被困在机场过夜的乘客表示,机场内没有电、食物和无线服务。
4.bury vt. (buried; buried; burying) 埋葬;安葬
bury oneself in (doing) sth=be buried in (doing) sth 埋头于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
bury one’s face in hands 某人双手掩面
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
【佳句背诵】
The earthquake brought an ancient city to light that had been buried under volcanic ash for thousands of years.
这场地震让一座古城重见光明,这座城市已经被埋在火山灰下数千年了。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The rescue teams were working around the clock to save the victims of the earthquake who (bury) under the ground.
②The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, (bury) her head in the book in her hands.
③He walked aimlessly along the street, (bury) in thought, with his hands in his pockets and his eyes fixed on the ground.
◆完成句子/句式改写
④[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. , I could tell how frustrated and heartbroken this little boy was.(读后续写之动作描写)
我们挨着坐下,但大卫不肯看我。他默默地低着头,我看得出这个小男孩是多么沮丧和心碎。
⑤She didn’t hear the phone ringing because she the details of the project plan she was working on.
→ the details of the project plan she was working on, she didn’t hear the phone ringing.(用现在分词作状语改写)
→ the details of the project plan she was working on, she didn’t hear the phone ringing.(用过去分词作状语改写)
她没听到电话铃响,因为她埋头于正在处理的项目计划的细节。
5.breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸
(1)breathe (new) life into… 给……带来起色/注入活力
(2)breath n. 呼吸的空气
out of breath 喘不过气
take a deep breath 深深吸一口气
take one’s breath away 令人惊叹;令人吃惊
(3)breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
breathtaking adj. 惊人的;惊险的;激动人心的
breathlessly adv. 气喘地,屏息地
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P50)Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地,这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
(2)When we stood on the top of the mountain, the beauty of the scene below took our breath away.
当我们站在山顶上时,山下的美景让我们惊叹不已。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2024·全国甲卷] And please make sure that you can see and (breath) easily if you wear masks.
②After running up the hill, she was completely (breath) and needed a moment to catch her breath.
③He reached the top of the mountain (breath), feeling a great sense of accomplishment as he looked out at the magnificent view below.
◆完成句子
④[2024·浙江1月考应用文写作] This simple routine involves standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and back, and .这个简单的日常活动包括从课桌前站起身来,伸展胳膊、双腿和背部,然后做几次深呼吸。
⑤[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] Hearing a whistle, David dashed out like an arrow. But gradually, David and it was obvious that his footsteps were heavier and heavier.
听到哨声,大卫像箭一样冲了出去。但渐渐地,大卫上气不接下气,很明显,他的脚步越来越重。
6.effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
(1)make efforts/an effort to do sth
努力做某事
make every effort to do sth 尽一切努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力/尽力去做某事
(2)with (an) effort 努力地
without effort 毫不费力地
in an effort to do sth 努力/试图去做某事
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P50) With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下,一个新的唐山在地震废墟上被建立起来。
(2)Just as Rome was not built in a day, no one can achieve anything without effort.
正如罗马不是一天建成的那样,没有人可以不费吹灰之力就取得成就。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The local community planted thousands of trees in an effort (improve) the ecological environment of the area.
②[2022·全国甲卷] Hopefully, our joint efforts, we are bound to build an environment-friendly planet shared by us human beings.
③We should spare no effort (beautify) our environment, because it is shared by all the human beings.
◆完成句子
④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] I worked hard on my essay, and when I won the contest.
我在我的文章上下了很大功夫,当我在比赛中获胜时,我的努力得到了回报。
⑤[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] Although a little surprised, I knew that I deserved the prize, for I make my writing perfect.虽然有点惊讶,但我知道这个奖是我应得的,因为我已经竭尽全力使我的文章臻于完美。
7.suffer vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/a defeat/losses
遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer a heart attack 心脏病发作
suffer from 患(某种病);受(某种病痛)折磨
(2)suffering n. [U](身体或精神上)疼痛;苦难; [pl.]苦恼;痛苦
[温馨提示] (1)suffer用作及物动词时,表示“遭受;蒙受”,其后常跟pain/loss/punishment/hardship/defeat/hunger/poverty等名词作宾语,一般不用其被动形式。
(2)suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词from连用,意为“受……折磨/之苦,患……病”,其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如: suffer from a bad cold/headaches/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural disaster。
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P51)Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible injuries, but others had already stopped breathing when they were discovered.
有些人被发现时还活着,虽然他们受了重伤,但其他人被发现时已经停止了呼吸。
(2)The coastal town suffered a great loss when the powerful typhoon swept through, destroying numerous houses.
当强台风席卷而过时,这个沿海小镇遭受了巨大损失,大量房屋被毁。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered terrible back pain.
②In spite of all these (suffer), he never gives up the hope of living a better life.
③[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The project is also being used to help patients (suffer) dementia, a serious illness of the mind.
◆完成句子
④I am writing to express my deep concern that a large number of students in our school poor eyesight.(应用文写作之建议信)
我写信是为了表达我深深的担忧,我校有大量学生正遭受着视力不佳的困扰。
⑤After the team in the championship game, he locked himself in his room, feeling an overwhelming sense of shame.(读后续写之情绪描写)
在团队输掉冠军赛之后,他把自己锁在房间里,心中充满了强烈的羞愧感。
8.supply n. 供应(量);补给;[pl.] 补给品 vt.供应;供给
(1)a supply of 一批,许多
in short supply 供应不足
(2)supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb
为某人提供某物
[温馨提示] 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有:
provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb
offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
提供给灾区的物资是从全国各地收集的。
(2)The school library supplies students with a wide range of books, enabling them to explore different fields of knowledge.学校图书馆为学生提供种类繁多的书籍,使他们能够探索不同的知识领域。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2021·北京卷] We decided to collect as many school (supply) as possible, and make them into kits—one kit, one child.
②Because of very wet spring weather, apples will be short supply this year.
③[2021·全国乙卷] For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data (supply) by the World Atlas list so far.
◆完成句子
④I’m writing to suggest that the school a water dispenser so that students can easily get access to clean drinking water during class break.(应用文写作之建议信)
我写信是为了建议学校给每个教室配备一台饮水机,这样学生们在课间休息时就能轻松喝到干净的饮用水。
⑤As food and clean water after the flood, the survivors were facing a severe challenge of hunger and disease.
洪水过后,食物和清洁的水供应短缺,幸存者面临着饥饿和疾病的严峻挑战。
9.survive vi. 生存;存活 vt. 幸存;艰难度过
(1)survive the accident/war/earthquake
在事故/战争/地震中幸存下来
survive on…(=live on…) 靠……活下来;靠……生存
survive sb (by…) 比某人活得长(……)
(2)survival n. 幸存;残存物
(3)survivor n. 生还者,幸存者
[温馨提示] survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时,为及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。
【佳句背诵】
(教材P52)It’s looking for the people who survived the earthquake.
它(搜救犬)正在寻找在地震中幸存的人。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①As far as I know,the old woman survived her husband ten years.
②As a cancer (survive), she often shares her story to inspire others facing similar battles.
③[外研选修二] Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities, one thing is for sure—as it’s often a means of their (survive), they could be with us to stay.
◆完成句子
④[2023·浙江1月考读后续写] Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere
它是否已经设法找到回家的路了呢,还是仍旧在外面的某个地方艰难求生呢
⑤The old man, with a look of gratitude in his eyes, sat by the roadside, some food and money that passers-by gave him.(读后续写之场景描写)
老人眼中满是感激之情,坐在路边,靠着路人给他的一些食物和钱维持生计。
【巧学助记】
He was the only survivor that survived the accident, but he didn’t survive long, and even didn’t survive his father.
他是这起事故的唯一幸存者,但他活的时间不长,甚至不如他的父亲活的时间长。
1.(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不肯进食, 并且狗拒绝进入室内。
“too+adj./adv.+to do sth”结构
句型公式
【句式点拨】
此句运用了“too+adj./adv.(for sb)+to do sth”结构,表示否定的意义,意为“太……而不能……”。
[温馨提示] (1)当too…to…用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词,如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing等时,不定式则表示肯定意义。如:
They seemed to be too nervous and were too anxious to leave.
他们看起来过于紧张不安,并且急于离开。(肯定意义)
(2)too…to…与cannot或can never连用时也表示肯定意义。
can’t/can never be too+ adj.+to do…=can’t/can never be+ adj. +enough+to do… 做……再怎么……也不过分
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, tired to move.
②[2024·浙江1月考] Either your shopping is then too heavy (carry) home or you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
◆完成句子/句式改写
③Doctors to make such a critical decision, as it is a matter of life and death to the patient.
医生在做出如此重要的决定时再谨慎也不为过,因为这对病人来说是生死攸关的事。
④When he woke up, he found that he was so weak that he couldn’t get on his feet.
→When he woke up, he found that he . (用too…to…改写)
2.(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临!
as if引导的表语从句
句型公式
【句式点拨】
as if既可以引导表语从句,也可以引导方式状语从句,意为“仿佛,好像”。 as if 从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时,通常用陈述语气; 当其所表示的情况不是事实,而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时,通常用虚拟语气,其从句时态变化如下:
与现在 事实相反 从句用一般过去时(be动词用were)
与过去 事实相反 从句用过去完成时(had+过去分词)
与将来 事实相反 从句用would/could/might+动词原形
(1)Look at the clouds in the sky!It looks as if it is going to rain. Let’s hurry up.
看看天上的云彩!看起来好像要下雨了,咱们快一点。(陈述语气)
(2)The woman loves the children as if she were their mother.
这位女士爱这些孩子,好像她就是他们的妈妈一样。(与现在事实相反)
(3)He talked about Rome as if he had been there before.
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。(与过去事实相反)
(4)He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water, it looks as if it (break).
②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I (do) it
◆完成句子
③She told the story as if she herself, but in fact, she had only heard about it.
她讲故事就好像她目睹了那些事件一样,但实际上,她只是听说过。
④It seems as if the sun in her world, but we all know she has her own sorrows.
看起来好像阳光总是照耀在她的世界里,但我们都知道她也有自己的悲伤。
⑤[2022·浙江1月考读后续写] I felt he treated me and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.
我觉得他对待我的态度就好像我会拖他后腿,很可能会让他这门课拿不到 A 一样。
Period Two Reading and Thinking
【课前自主探究】
Task One Fast reading for the structure of the text
●Ⅰ 1.rose and fell 2.which 3.nervous 4.shake
5.across 6.injured 7.destroyed 8.trapped
9.shelters 10.to
●Ⅱ a terrible earthquake of Tangshan
Task Two Careful reading for the details of the text
1—4 DDBB
Task Three Micro-writing
1.rose 2.mice 3.but/yet 4.Finally 5.were injured
6.to wonder 7.at 8.which 9.who 10.survivors
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.①in ②will be ruined ③ruining ④(which was) reduced to ruins ⑤found the old theatre in ruins
2.①a ②shocked ③shocked; shocking ④which came as a great shock to me/which greatly shocked me ⑤were in complete shock/were completely shocked
3.①trapped ②had been trapped ③设陷阱捕捉 ④诱骗;使上当 ⑤(who were) trapped in the airport
4.①were buried ②burying ③buried ④With his head silently buried ⑤was buried in/was burying herself in; Burying herself in; Buried in
5.①breathe ②breathless ③breathlessly ④taking a few deep breaths ⑤was out of breath
6.①to improve ②with ③to beautify ④my efforts paid off
⑤had made every effort to
7.①from ②sufferings ③suffering ④are suffering from ⑤suffered a defeat
8.①supplies ②in ③supplied ④(should) supply every classroom with ⑤were in short supply
9.①by ②survivor ③survival ④struggling to survive/fighting for survival ⑤surviving on
句型透视
1.①too ②to carry ③can never be too careful/can never be careful enough ④was too weak to get on his feet
2.①were broken ②had done ③had seen/witnessed the events ④were always shining ⑤as though/if I would hold him backPeriod Two Reading and Thinking
●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分12分)
1.She looked at me as if she (see) a ghost, her face pale and eyes wide open.
2.It was because of the drought that three fourths of the crops (ruin) this year.
3.Upon seeing the (trap) villagers and animals, he started to realize the destruction by the floods .
4.It was in AD 79 that the city of Pompeii (bury) under a layer of ash seven metres deep.
5.The room was filled with smoke and it was difficult to (breath).
6.The May Day Festival firstly celebrated the (revive) of life in early spring after winter.
7.At present, the local government is making every effort (rescue) those affected by the flood .
8.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities (be) rising since 1990.
●Ⅱ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分16分)
1.The seaside resort lay (破败不堪) after the powerful hurricane swept through.
2.Although she was alive after the accident, she was still (震惊) and suffering a serious head wound.
3.Though we have (遭受) serious natural disasters , we are sure to overcome all difficulties.
4.Work went on (像往常一样) inside, uninterrupted by outside repairs.
5.The football match (结束), and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground.
6.It was reported that the rescue team were (尽一切努力) look for the missing mountain climber.
7.Rescuers were working to (挖出) the people under the ruins , but the work was slow.
8.A true friend will always stay with you and help you (在……的时期) trouble.
●Ⅲ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分12分)
1. in the earthquake. We don’t know exactly them.(number)
许多人在地震中死去。我们不知道确切的死亡人数。
2.After the earthquake, workers built shelters for survivors .(whose)
地震过后,工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。
3.The fans
when they learned that their favourite band was coming to town for a concert.(too…to…)
当歌迷们得知他们最喜欢的乐队要来镇上举办音乐会时,他们兴奋得睡不着觉。
4.All flights were cancelled because of the snowstorm, and many passengers could . (nothing but)
由于暴风雪,所有航班都被取消了,许多乘客别无选择只能乘坐火车。
●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·山西晋城高一月考]
A major storm moving through Northern California on Thursday dropped heavy snow and record rain, flooding some areas, after killing two people and knocking out power to hundreds of thousands in the Pacific Northwest.
Forecasters warned the risk of flooding and rockslides would continue, and scores of flights were cancelled at San Francisco’s airport. In Washington, more than 204,000 people—mostly in the Seattle area—remained without power.
The National Weather Service extended (延长) a flood watch into Saturday for areas north of San Francisco as the area was influenced by this season’s strongest weather phenomenon (现象)—which forms over an ocean and flows through the sky over land. The system went ashore Tuesday as a “bomb cyclone (炸弹气旋)”, which occurs when a cyclone builds up rapidly. It brought about strong winds that knocked trees onto roads, vehicles and homes, killing at least two people in Washington.
Communities in Washington opened warming centres offering free Internet and device charging. Some medical clinics closed because of power outages.
Santa Rosa saw 6.5 inches of rain in the last 24 hours, marking the wettest day on record since 1998. Worse still, the Sonoma County Airport, in the wine country north of San Francisco, got more than 11 inches within the last 48 hours and Venado had about 12.7 inches in the same period.
In nearby Forestville, one person was hurt when a tree fell on a house. Small landslides were reported across the North Bay, including one on State Route 281 on Wednesday that caused a car crash. Daniela Alvarado said calls to her and her father’s Sonoma County-based tree business have nearly doubled in recent days, with people asking for clearing trees. “We feel sad, scared, but also ready for action,” Alvarado said.
( )1.What is the cause of the flood in the north of San Francisco
A.Strong winds.
B.Water from the ocean.
C.The condition in its sky.
D.The local narrow rivers.
( )2.Why are the numbers listed in Paragraph 5
A.To explain recent weather.
B.To compare different places.
C.To record the amount of the rain.
D.To show how heavy the rain was.
( )3.What did Alvarado mean
A.Their business doubled in size.
B.People called to lend helpful hands.
C.The situation was too terrible to repair.
D.Their business was prepared to offer help.
( )4.What is the type of the text
A.A news report.
B.A science paper.
C.An announcement.
D.A country introduction.
●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·福建三明高一期中]
An earthquake can be a very destructive natural disaster. 1. Also, you might be left without the water supply or power. There are several things you can do before an earthquake happens to reduce damage and potential injuries.
Practise “drop, cover and hold on”. Make sure you know what to do when an earthquake strikes. If you feel the ground start to shake, drop, take cover under a stable piece of furniture like a desk or table, and hold on to it. Stay there until the shaking stops. But what should you do if you are outside 2.
Prepare a disaster supply kit. And inform the whole family of its location. Earthquakes can trap people in their homes for days at a time in the worst-case scenario (可能发生的情况). 3. If you have a large house or family, consider preparing extra kits and leaving them in different parts of the house.
4. What will you do if your family cannot get a hold of each other when an earthquake strikes It is wise to decide on a meeting point in advance. Keep in mind that the place should be easy for everyone to remember under stress.
Learn basic first aid knowledge and skills. Some organizations provide classes that will teach people the basic skills to deal with the most common injuries and situations. 5. All in all, make sure that at least one person in your family knows them.
A.After an earthquake, your home can be a mess.
B.Make a disaster preparedness plan with your family.
C.Choose a post-earthquake gathering place for your family.
D.You can also meet at home if that is a convenient location.
E.If you cannot attend the class, buy basic first aid books on hand.
F.Thus, it is necessary to prepare everything for survival in the house.
G.Go to an open space away from anything that could fall like buildings.
●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·广东惠州高一月考]
When you think of winter storms, you likely think of 1. (wake) up in the morning to inches, even feet of snow! While snowstorms may be the more recognizable type of winter storm, there’s another type that can cause as much, or even more damage: ice storms.
An ice storm is the result of 2. long-term cold rain event. While ice doesn’t fall from the sky, an ice storm is characterized by cold rain that results 3. thick ice. Ice storms usually happen when the air temperature is at or just above freezing.
Ice storms can cause 4. (safe) issues. They can affect road conditions, making travel dangerous, and can damage your home. Thick ice 5. (increase) the weight of branches and power lines, increasing the chances of big trees falling and losing electric service to your home. If they fall onto your houses, probably your roofs or nearby cars 6. (destroy).
Worse still, it’s difficult to know when 7. (power) ice storms come. And it is possible for freezing rain to fall in one location, rain in another and snow in a third. Ice storms can appear in the area 8. hardly ever experiences winter weather. So you must know how 9. (protect) your home from ice storms 10. (effective).
Period Two Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.1.had seen 2.were ruined 3.trapped 4.was buried
5.breathe 6.revival 7.to rescue 8.has been
Ⅱ.1.in ruins 2.in shock 3.suffered from 4.as usual 5.came to an end 6.making every effort to 7.dig out 8.in times of
Ⅲ.1.A number of people were killed; the number of
2.whose houses had been destroyed
3.were too excited to fall asleep
4.do nothing but take the train
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了暴风雨袭击美国多地。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第三段“The National Weather Service extended (延长) a flood watch into Saturday for areas north of San Francisco as the area was influenced by this season’s strongest weather phenomenon (现象)—which forms over an ocean and flows through the sky over land.” 可知,该地区发生洪水是由在海洋上空形成并在陆地上空流动的强烈天气现象造成的。故选C。
2.D 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Santa Rosa saw 6.5 inches of rain in the last 24 hours, marking the wettest day on record since 1998. Worse still, the Sonoma County Airport, in the wine country north of San Francisco, got more than 11 inches within the last 48 hours and Venado had about 12.7 inches in the same period.”(圣罗莎在过去24小时内降雨量达到6.5英寸,创下自1998年以来最潮湿的一天,更糟糕的是,位于旧金山北部葡萄酒之乡的索诺玛县机场在过去48小时内的降雨量超过了11英寸,而维纳多在同一时期约有12.7英寸。)可推知,列举这些数字是为了显示雨量的巨大。故选D。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘We feel sad, scared, but also ready for action,’ Alvarado said.”可推断,Alvarado表示,尽管情况严峻,Alvarado的公司准备好了提供帮助。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。通读全文,根据第一段“A major storm moving through Northern California on Thursday dropped heavy snow and record rain, flooding some areas, after killing two people and knocking out power to hundreds of thousands in the Pacific Northwest.”(周四,一场大风暴席卷北加州,带来了大雪和创纪录的降雨,部分地区被洪水淹没,造成两人死亡,太平洋西北部数十万人停电。)可知,本文讲述近几天暴风雨对美国多地的袭击情况。本文具有时效性,是新闻报道。故选A。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震前的准备工作,包括如何应对地震、准备应急包、选择震后集合地点和学习基本急救知识。
1.A 上文“An earthquake can be a very destructive natural disaster.”以及下文“Also, you might be left without the water supply or power. There are several things you can do before an earthquake happens to reduce damage and potential injuries.”说明地震会带来极大的破坏性,空处需要进一步说明地震带来的影响。A项“地震过后,你的家可能会变得一团糟。”符合语境,该项中的an earthquake是上文中该词组的复现,“…your home can be a mess.”和下文中“…you might be left without the water supply or power.”相呼应,说明了地震后人们的生活状态。故选A项。
2.G 上文“But what should you do if you are outside ”说明此处讨论的是在地震中如何保护自己,特别是当你在户外时。空处回答上文中的问题,给出在户外时如何规避风险的建议。G项中的an open space和上文中的you are outside相呼应,说明在外面时去一个开阔的地方,远离任何可能倒塌的东西,比如建筑物。G项“去一个开阔的地方,远离任何可能倒塌的东西,比如建筑物。”符合语境,故选G项。
3.F 上文“Earthquakes can trap people in their homes for days at a time in the worst-case scenario (可能发生的情况).”说明在最坏的情况下,人们可能会被困在家里数天。空处和前文形成因果关系,表明因为我们可能会被困在家里数天,所以需要准备一些东西保证我们的生存。F项“因此,有必要为在房子里求生做好一切准备。”符合语境。故选F项。
4.C 下文“What will you do if your family cannot get a hold of each other when an earthquake strikes It is wise to decide on a meeting point in advance. Keep in mind that the place should be easy for everyone to remember under stress.”说明这一段讨论家庭成员在地震后的集合计划。C项“为你的家人选择一个地震后的集合地点。”符合语境,该项中的choose a post-earthquake gathering place和下文中的decide on a meeting point in advance相呼应。故选C项。
5.E 上文“Learn basic first aid knowledge and skills. Some organizations provide classes that will teach people the basic skills to deal with the most common injuries and situations.”说明学习基本的急救知识和技能的重要性。空处顺接前文,提供了一个不能参加课程的备选方案。E项中的attend the class和上文中的provide classes相呼应,说明如果你不能上课,就买一些基本的急救书。E项“如果你不能上课,就买一些基本的急救书随时备用。”符合语境,故选E项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了冰暴的成因、特征以及可能带来的问题等。
1.waking 考查动名词。由空前of为介词以及提示词为动词可知,此处为动名词形式。故填waking。
2.a 考查冠词。event是可数名词单数,此处泛指“一次长期的冷雨事件”,long-term的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
3.in 考查固定短语。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语result in“导致”,满足句意要求。故填in。
4.safety 考查名词。此处作定语修饰issues,要用safe的名词形式safety,safety issues意为“安全问题”。故填safety。
5.increases 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,主语thick ice是不可数名词,句子描述一般情况,用一般现在时,动词用第三人称单数形式。故填increases。
6.will be destroyed 考查动词时态和语态。if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,且your roofs or nearby cars与destroy是被动关系,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be destroyed。
7.powerful 考查形容词。此处修饰名词词组ice storms,要用power的形容词形式powerful“强大的”。故填powerful。
8.that/which 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词是the area,在定语从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
9.to protect 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构,故此处用to protect。故填to protect。
10.effectively 考查副词。由副词修饰动词可知,此处修饰动词protect,要用effective的副词形式effectively“有效地”。故填effectively。(共109张PPT)
Period Two
Reading and Thinking
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
Task One Fast reading for the structure of the text
ⅠSkim the passage to find out the general idea of the text
by filling in the chart below.
Tangshan earthquake
Before the earthquake The water in the village wells 1.______________ again
and again. The well walls had deep cracks in them, of
2._______ some smelly gas came out.
Animals like chickens and pigs became too 3._________
to eat
rose and fell
which
nervous
Tangshan earthquake
During the earthquake Everything began to 4._______. A huge crack with eight
kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut 5.________
houses, roads, and waterways. And hard hills of rock
became rivers of dirt
Damage of the earthquake Over 400,000 people were killed or badly 6.________ in
the quake. And nearly everything was 7.___________
shake
across
injured
destroyed
（续表）
Tangshan earthquake
Help from the whole nation The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out
those who were 8._________and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built 9._________ for survivors whose homes had been destroyed
trapped
shelters
（续表）
Tangshan earthquake
Great success people have achieved The new city has become a home 10.____ more than
seven million people,with great improvements in
transportation, industry, and environment
（续表）
to
ⅡSkim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage is mainly about ________________________________.
a terrible earthquake of Tangshan
Task Two Careful reading for the details of the text
Choose the best answer according to the passage.
( )1.All the following unusual things happened before the
earthquake EXCEPT that ________.
A.the water in the village wells rose and fell
B.chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat
C.mice ran out of the fields looking for hiding places
D.fish swam in the water as usual
√
( )2.Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual
because ________.
A.they didn't notice anything strange happening
B.they knew well about earthquakes
C.something strange happened in many places
D.they didn't realize the arrival of an earthquake
√
( )3.What does the title “The night the earth didn't sleep”
mean
A.The earth was awake all night long.
B.A terrible earthquake happened that night.
C.People on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night.
D.Animals on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night.
√
( )4.What's the meaning of the last sentence “Slowly, the
city began to breathe again.” in Paragraph 4
A.People weren't sad any more.
B.The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
C.The earthquake finally came to an end.
D.Those who were trapped were saved.
√
Task Three Micro-writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake
happened. For several days, the water in the village wells
1._____ (rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks in them.
Some smelly gas came out of the well. Some animals including
fish, pigs and 2.______ (mouse) behaved strangely. Other
strange things also happened in the city, 3.________ people
thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
rose
mice
but/yet
4._______ (final) a terrible earthquake hit the city of
Tangshan on 28 July 1976, in which many people died and
many 5._____________ (injure). Many houses fell down and sand
filled the wells instead of water. People were greatly shocked.
All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began
6.___________ (wonder) how long the disaster would last. The
whole city was completely destroyed and the world seemed to
be 7.___ an end. It was one of the most destructive
earthquakes ever, 8._______ shocked the whole nation.
Finally
were injured
to wonder
at
which
However, the people of Tangshan didn't lose hope because
150,000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The
soldiers tried their best to dig out those 9._____ were trapped.
They also built shelters for the 10._________ (survive). Fresh
water was taken to the city by every means. Slowly, the city
began to come back to life.
who
survivors
1.ruin n. 废墟 n.& vt. 破坏;毁坏
(1)in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 成为废墟
be reduced to ruins/ashes 沦为废墟
bring…to ruin 使……毁灭;使……没落
(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P50) In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里,一座大城市成为废墟。
(2)When the flood came, the small village was ruined in a
matter of hours, with houses being washed away and crops
destroyed.
当洪水来临时，这个小村庄在几个小时内就被毁坏了，房屋被冲走，
庄稼也被毁掉了。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The village that was ___ ruins after the flood was slowly
being rebuilt with the help of volunteers from all over the world.
②Don't pour hot water directly onto the wooden table， or the
table surface ______________(ruin).
③The heavy rain poured down, completely ________(ruin) all the
newly planted flowers in the garden.
in
will be ruined
ruining
◆完成句子
④The city, ____________________________ during the World
War Ⅱ, has now been rebuilt into a prosperous big city.
这座在二战期间沦为废墟的城市，现在已经被重建为一个繁荣的大
都市。
(which was) reduced to ruins
⑤Returning to his old neighbourhood, he ____________________
______________, which brought back a flood of bittersweet
memories.
回到旧街区时，他发现那家老剧院已破败不堪，这勾起了他许多既
甜蜜又苦涩的回忆。
found the old theatre in ruins
2.shock n. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt. (使)震惊
(1)…be a shock to… ……令……震惊
in shock 震惊地
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;惊讶的
be shocked at/by… 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
［温馨提示］shock用作名词时, 与不定冠词连用表示“令人震惊的人
或事”。
【佳句背诵】
(教材P50)People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon,
another big quake shook Tangshan again.
人们惊魂未定,然而临近傍晚时分,又一场大地震撼动了唐山。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①Her mother's death came as ___ great shock to her—it was
so unexpected.
②I was so angry that I walked out, leaving him sitting there
_________ (shock) and white-faced.
③All the people present at the meeting felt very _________ at
the _________ news. (shock)
a
shocked
shocked
shocking
◆完成句子
④［2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写］A few weeks later, there
came the news that I had won first place, ___________________
__________________________________________.几周后，传来了我
获得第一名的消息，这让我大为震惊。
which came as a great shock to me/which greatly shocked me
⑤Learning that their team had won the championship, the
players _______________________________________________, with
some even crying tears of joy at the unexpected victory.
(读后续写之表情描写)
得知他们的球队赢得了冠军，队员们完全惊呆了，有些人甚至因为
这意想不到的胜利喜极而泣。
were in complete shock/were completely shocked
【巧学助记】
The shocking news shocked all the people around, which was
also a great shock to people all over the country. 这个令人震惊
的消息震惊了周围所有的人,也让全国各地的人们大为震惊。
3.trap vt.(trapped; trapped; trapping) 使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.
险境;陷阱;圈套
(1)be trapped in… 被困在……中;陷在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人做某事
(2)fall into a trap (=be caught in a trap)
掉入陷阱;落入圈套
【佳句背诵】
(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers
to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury
the dead. 地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山,将受困
群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空/一词多义
①［2024·浙江1月考］If I ever get _________ (trap) outside my
house again, my local telephone box will, sadly, no longer be
able to connect me with my keys.
trapped
②A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who
__________________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.
③The locals were not allowed to trap and kill the birds.
____________
had been trapped
设陷阱捕捉
④The eye-catching advertisements will trap us into buying
things that we actually don't need.____________
诱骗;使上当
◆完成句子
⑤Passengers ________________________________ overnight said
there was no electricity, food or wireless service.
被困在机场过夜的乘客表示,机场内没有电、食物和无线服务。
(who were) trapped in the airport
4.bury vt. (buried; buried; burying) 埋葬;安葬
bury oneself in (doing) sth=be buried in (doing) sth
埋头于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
bury one's face in hands 某人双手掩面
be buried in thought 陷入沉思
【佳句背诵】
The earthquake brought an ancient city to light that had been
buried under volcanic ash for thousands of years.
这场地震让一座古城重见光明,这座城市已经被埋在火山灰下数千年了。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The rescue teams were working around the clock to save the
victims of the earthquake who ____________ (bury) under the
ground.
were buried
②The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, ________ (bury)
her head in the book in her hands.
burying
③He walked aimlessly along the street, _______ (bury) in
thought, with his hands in his pockets and his eyes fixed on the
ground.
buried
◆完成句子/句式改写
④［2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写］We sat down next to
each other, but David wouldn't look at me.___________________
_____________, I could tell how frustrated and heartbroken this
little boy was.(读后续写之动作描写)
我们挨着坐下,但大卫不肯看我。他默默地低着头,我看得出这个小男
孩是多么沮丧和心碎。
With his head silently buried
⑤She didn't hear the phone ringing because she _____________
_______________________ the details of the project plan she
was working on.
→_________________ the details of the project plan she was
working on, she didn't hear the phone ringing.(用现在分词作状
语改写)
→__________ the details of the project plan she was working
on, she didn't hear the phone ringing.(用过去分词作状语改写)
她没听到电话铃响，因为她埋头于正在处理的项目计划的细节。
was buried in/was burying herself in
Burying herself in
Buried in
5.breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸
(1)breathe (new) life into… 给……带来起色/注入活力
(2)breath n. 呼吸的空气
out of breath 喘不过气
take a deep breath 深深吸一口气
take one's breath away 令人惊叹;令人吃惊
(3)breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
breathtaking adj. 惊人的;惊险的;激动人心的
breathlessly adv. 气喘地,屏息地
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P50)Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地,这座
城市又开始恢复了生机。
(2)When we stood on the top of the mountain, the beauty of
the scene below took our breath away.
当我们站在山顶上时,山下的美景让我们惊叹不已。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①［2024·全国甲卷］And please make sure that you can see
and ________ (breath) easily if you wear masks.
②After running up the hill, she was completely __________
(breath) and needed a moment to catch her breath.
breathe
breathless
③He reached the top of the mountain ____________ (breath),
feeling a great sense of accomplishment as he looked out at
the magnificent view below.
breathlessly
◆完成句子
④［2024·浙江1月考应用文写作］This simple routine involves
standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and
back, and __________________________ .这个简单的日常活动包括
从课桌前站起身来，伸展胳膊、双腿和背部，然后做几次深呼吸。
taking a few deep breaths
⑤［2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写］Hearing a whistle, David
dashed out like an arrow. But gradually, David _______________
______ and it was obvious that his footsteps were heavier and
heavier.
听到哨声,大卫像箭一样冲了出去。但渐渐地,大卫上气不接下气,很明
显,他的脚步越来越重。
was out of breath
6.effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
(1)make efforts/an effort to do sth 努力做某事
make every effort to do sth 尽一切努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力/尽力去做某事
(2)with (an) effort 努力地
without effort 毫不费力地
in an effort to do sth 努力/试图去做某事
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P50) With strong support from the government and the
tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built
upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下,一个新的唐山在地震废
墟上被建立起来。
(2)Just as Rome was not built in a day, no one can achieve
anything without effort.
正如罗马不是一天建成的那样,没有人可以不费吹灰之力就取得成就。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①The local community planted thousands of trees in an effort
____________ (improve) the ecological environment of the area.
to improve
②［2022·全国甲卷］Hopefully, _____ our joint efforts, we are
bound to build an environment-friendly planet shared by us
human beings.
with
③We should spare no effort ___________ (beautify) our
environment, because it is shared by all the human beings.
to beautify
◆完成句子
④［2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写］I worked hard on my
essay, and ___________________ when I won the contest.
我在我的文章上下了很大功夫，当我在比赛中获胜时，我的努力得
到了回报。
my efforts paid off
⑤［2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写］Although a little surprised,
I knew that I deserved the prize, for I _______________________
make my writing perfect.虽然有点惊讶，但我知道这个奖是我应得
的，因为我已经竭尽全力使我的文章臻于完美。
had made every effort to
7.suffer vt. 遭受;蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/a defeat/losses 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer a heart attack 心脏病发作
suffer from 患(某种病);受(某种病痛)折磨
(2)suffering n. ［U］(身体或精神上)疼痛;苦难; ［pl.］苦
恼;痛苦
［温馨提示］(1)suffer用作及物动词时,表示“遭受;蒙受”,其后常跟
pain/loss/punishment/hardship/defeat/hunger/poverty等名词作宾语,
一般不用其被动形式。
(2)suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词from连用,意为“受……折磨/之苦,
患……病”,其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如: suffer from
a bad cold/headaches/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural disaster。
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P51)Some were found alive, though they were suffering
from terrible injuries, but others had already stopped breathing
when they were discovered.
有些人被发现时还活着,虽然他们受了重伤,但其他人被发现时已经停
止了呼吸。
(2)The coastal town suffered a great loss when the powerful
typhoon swept through, destroying numerous houses.
当强台风席卷而过时，这个沿海小镇遭受了巨大损失，大量房屋被毁。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］He became interested in alternative
treatments 20 years ago when he suffered ______ terrible back
pain.
from
②In spite of all these __________ (suffer), he never gives up
the hope of living a better life.
sufferings
③［2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷］The project is also being used to
help patients _________ (suffer) dementia, a serious illness of
the mind.
suffering
◆完成句子
④I am writing to express my deep concern that a large number
of students in our school __________________ poor eyesight.
(应用文写作之建议信)
我写信是为了表达我深深的担忧，我校有大量学生正遭受着视力不
佳的困扰。
are suffering from
⑤After the team _________________ in the championship game,
he locked himself in his room, feeling an overwhelming sense of
shame.(读后续写之情绪描写)
在团队输掉冠军赛之后，他把自己锁在房间里，心中充满了强烈的
羞愧感。
suffered a defeat
8.supply n. 供应(量);补给；［pl.］ 补给品 vt.供应;供给
(1)a supply of 一批,许多
in short supply 供应不足
(2)supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物
［温馨提示］表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有:
provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb
offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
【佳句背诵】
(1)(教材P52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster
area were collected from around the country.
提供给灾区的物资是从全国各地收集的。
(2)The school library supplies students with a wide range of
books, enabling them to explore different fields of knowledge.
学校图书馆为学生提供种类繁多的书籍，使他们能够探索不同的
知识领域。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①［2021·北京卷］We decided to collect as many school
_________ (supply) as possible, and make them into kits—one
kit, one child.
supplies
②Because of very wet spring weather, apples will be ___ short
supply this year.
in
③［2021·全国乙卷］For the biggest stadiums in the world, we
have used data _________ (supply) by the World Atlas list so
far.
supplied
◆完成句子
④I'm writing to suggest that the school _____________________
______________ a water dispenser so that students can easily
get access to clean drinking water during class break.
(应用文写作之建议信)
我写信是为了建议学校给每个教室配备一台饮水机，这样学生们在
课间休息时就能轻松喝到干净的饮用水。
(should) supply every classroom with
⑤As food and clean water ____________________ after the
flood, the survivors were facing a severe challenge of hunger
and disease.
洪水过后，食物和清洁的水供应短缺，幸存者面临着饥饿和疾病的
严峻挑战。
were in short supply
9.survive vi. 生存;存活 vt. 幸存;艰难度过
(1)survive the accident/war/earthquake
在事故/战争/地震中幸存下来
survive on…(=live on…) 靠……活下来;靠……生存
survive sb (by…) 比某人活得长(……)
(2)survival n. 幸存;残存物
(3)survivor n. 生还者,幸存者
［温馨提示］survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时,为
及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。
【佳句背诵】
(教材P52)It's looking for the people who survived the
earthquake.
它(搜救犬)正在寻找在地震中幸存的人。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①As far as I know,the old woman survived her husband ____
ten years.
②As a cancer ________ (survive), she often shares her story to
inspire others facing similar battles.
by
survivor
③［外研选修二］Whatever the reasons behind these species
entering our cities, one thing is for sure—as it's often a means
of their ________ (survive), they could be with us to stay.
survival
◆完成句子
④［2023·浙江1月考读后续写］Had it managed to find its way
back home, or was it still out there somewhere ______________
_________________________
它是否已经设法找到回家的路了呢，还是仍旧在外面的某个地方艰
难求生呢？
struggling to survive/fighting for survival
⑤The old man, with a look of gratitude in his eyes, sat by the
roadside, _____________ some food and money that passers-by
gave him.(读后续写之场景描写)
老人眼中满是感激之情，坐在路边，靠着路人给他的一些食物和钱
维持生计。
surviving on
【巧学助记】
He was the only survivor that survived the accident, but he
didn't survive long, and even didn't survive his father.
他是这起事故的唯一幸存者,但他活的时间不长,甚至不如他的父亲活
的时间长。
1.(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,
and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,
不肯进食, 并且狗拒绝进入室内。
句型公式
“too+adj./adv.+to do sth”结构
【句式点拨】
此句运用了“too+adj./adv.(for sb)+to do sth”结构,表示否定的意义,
意为“太……而不能……”。
［温馨提示］(1)当too…to…用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形
容词,如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing等时,不定式则
表示肯定意义。如:
They seemed to be too nervous and were too anxious to
leave.
他们看起来过于紧张不安,并且急于离开。(肯定意义)
(2)too…to…与cannot或can never连用时也表示肯定意义。
can't/can never be too+ adj.+to do…=can't/can never be+ adj.
+enough+to do… 做……再怎么……也不过分
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on
our backs, _____ tired to move.
too
②［2024·浙江1月考］Either your shopping is then too heavy
_________ (carry) home or you can't use what you've bought
while it's still fresh.
to carry
◆完成句子/句式改写
③Doctors _________________________________________________
_______ to make such a critical decision, as it is a matter of life
and death to the patient.
医生在做出如此重要的决定时再谨慎也不为过,因为这对病人来说是
生死攸关的事。
can never be too careful/can never be careful enough
④When he woke up, he found that he was so weak that he
couldn't get on his feet.
→When he woke up, he found that he ______________________
__________. (用too…to…改写)
was too weak to get on his feet
2.(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
句型公式
as if引导的表语从句
【句式点拨】
as if既可以引导表语从句,也可以引导方式状语从句,意为“仿佛,好像”。
as if 从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时,通常用陈述语气;
当其所表示的情况不是事实,而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时,通常
用虚拟语气,其从句时态变化如下:
与现在事实相反 从句用一般过去时(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反 从句用过去完成时(had+过去分词)
与将来事实相反 从句用would/could/might+动词原形
(1)Look at the clouds in the sky!It looks as if it is going to
rain. Let's hurry up.
看看天上的云彩!看起来好像要下雨了,咱们快一点。(陈述语气)
(2)The woman loves the children as if she were their mother.
这位女士爱这些孩子,好像她就是他们的妈妈一样。(与现在事实相反)
(3)He talked about Rome as if he had been there before.
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。(与过去事实相反)
(4)He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water, it looks as
if it _____________ (break).
②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to
me as if I __________ (do) it
were broken
had done
◆完成句子
③She told the story as if she _____________________________
herself, but in fact, she had only heard about it.
她讲故事就好像她目睹了那些事件一样，但实际上，她只是听说过。
had seen/witnessed the events
④It seems as if the sun ____________________ in her world,
but we all know she has her own sorrows.
看起来好像阳光总是照耀在她的世界里，但我们都知道她也有自己
的悲伤。
were always shining
⑤［2022·浙江1月考读后续写］I felt he treated me ____________
______________________ and probably make him fail to get an
A in the course.
我觉得他对待我的态度就好像我会拖他后腿，很可能会让他这门课
拿不到 A 一样。
as though/if I would hold him back
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分12分)
1.She looked at me as if she __________ (see) a ghost, her
face pale and eyes wide open.
had seen
2.It was because of the drought that three fourths of the crops
____________ (ruin) this year.
were ruined
3.Upon seeing the _________ (trap) villagers and animals, he
started to realize the destruction by the floods.
trapped
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4.It was in AD 79 that the city of Pompeii ___________ (bury)
under a layer of ash seven metres deep.
was buried
5.The room was filled with smoke and it was difficult to
________ (breath).
breathe
6.The May Day Festival firstly celebrated the _______ (revive) of
life in early spring after winter.
revival
7.At present, the local government is making every effort
__________ (rescue) those affected by the flood.
to rescue
8.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities
__________ (be) rising since 1990.
has been
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅱ短语填空(每小题2分，满分16分)
1.The seaside resort lay ________ (破败不堪) after the powerful
hurricane swept through.
in ruins
2.Although she was alive after the accident, she was still
_________ (震惊) and suffering a serious head wound.
in shock
3.Though we have ______________ (遭受) serious natural
disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.
suffered from
4.Work went on _________ (像往常一样) inside, uninterrupted by
outside repairs.
as usual
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5.The football match ________________ (结束), and the crowd
soon cleared away from the ground.
came to an end
6.It was reported that the rescue team were _________________
________ (尽一切努力) look for the missing mountain climber.
making every effort to
7.Rescuers were working to ________ (挖出) the people under
the ruins, but the work was slow.
dig out
8.A true friend will always stay with you and help you
____________ (在……的时期) trouble.
in times of
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅲ句型训练(每小题3分，满分12分)
1._______________________________ in the earthquake. We don't
know exactly _______________ them.(number)
许多人在地震中死去。我们不知道确切的死亡人数。
A number of people were killed
the number of
2.After the earthquake, workers built shelters for survivors
_________________________________.(whose)
地震过后,工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。
whose houses had been destroyed
1
2
3
4
3.The fans ______________________________when they learned
that their favourite band was coming to town for a
concert.(too…to…)
当歌迷们得知他们最喜欢的乐队要来镇上举办音乐会时，他们兴奋
得睡不着觉。
were too excited to fall asleep
4.All flights were cancelled because of the snowstorm, and many
passengers could _____________________________. (nothing but)
由于暴风雪,所有航班都被取消了,许多乘客别无选择只能乘坐火车。
do nothing but take the train
1
2
3
4
Ⅳ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·山西晋城高一月考］
A major storm moving through Northern California on
Thursday dropped heavy snow and record rain, flooding some
areas, after killing two people and knocking out power to
hundreds of thousands in the Pacific Northwest.
Forecasters warned the risk of flooding and rockslides would
continue, and scores of flights were cancelled at San Francisco's
1
2
3
4
airport. In Washington, more than 204,000 people—mostly in
the Seattle area—remained without power.
The National Weather Service extended (延长) a flood watch
into Saturday for areas north of San Francisco as the area was
influenced by this season's strongest weather phenomenon
(现象)—which forms over an ocean and flows through the sky
over land. The system went ashore Tuesday as a “bomb cyclone
(炸弹气旋)”, which occurs when a cyclone builds up rapidly. It
brought about strong winds that knocked trees onto roads,
vehicles and homes, killing at least two people in Washington.
1
2
3
4
Communities in Washington opened warming centres
offering free Internet and device charging. Some medical clinics
closed because of power outages.
Santa Rosa saw 6.5 inches of rain in the last 24 hours,
marking the wettest day on record since 1998. Worse still, the
Sonoma County Airport, in the wine country north of San
Francisco, got more than 11 inches within the last 48 hours and
Venado had about 12.7 inches in the same period.
1
2
3
4
In nearby Forestville, one person was hurt when a tree fell
on a house. Small landslides were reported across the North
Bay, including one on State Route 281 on Wednesday that
caused a car crash. Daniela Alvarado said calls to her and her
father's Sonoma County-based tree business have nearly
doubled in recent days, with people asking for clearing trees.
“We feel sad, scared, but also ready for action,” Alvarado said.
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了暴风雨袭击美国多地。
1
2
3
4
( )1.What is the cause of the flood in the north of San
Francisco
A.Strong winds. B.Water from the ocean.
C.The condition in its sky. D.The local narrow rivers.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段“The National Weather Service
extended (延长) a flood watch into Saturday for areas north of
San Francisco as the area was influenced by this season's
strongest weather phenomenon (现象)—which forms over an
ocean and flows through the sky over land.” 可知，该地区发生
洪水是由在海洋上空形成并在陆地上空流动的强烈天气现象造成的。
故选C。
√
1
2
3
4
( )2.Why are the numbers listed in Paragraph 5
A.To explain recent weather.
B.To compare different places.
C.To record the amount of the rain.
D.To show how heavy the rain was.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Santa Rosa saw 6.5 inches
of rain in the last 24 hours, marking the wettest day on record
since 1998. Worse still, the Sonoma County Airport, in the wine
country north of San Francisco, got more than 11 inches within
the last 48 hours and Venado had about 12.7 inches in the
same period.”(圣罗莎在过去24小时内降雨量达到6.5英寸，创下自
1998年以来最潮湿的一天，更糟糕的是，位于旧金山北部葡萄酒之
乡的索诺玛县机场在过去48小时内的降雨量超过了11英寸，而维纳
多在同一时期约有12.7英寸。)可推知，列举这些数字是为了显示雨
量的巨大。故选D。
1
2
3
4
( )3.What did Alvarado mean
A.Their business doubled in size.
B.People called to lend helpful hands.
C.The situation was too terrible to repair.
D.Their business was prepared to offer help.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘We feel sad, scared, but
also ready for action,’ Alvarado said.”可推断，Alvarado表示，尽
管情况严峻，Alvarado的公司准备好了提供帮助。故选D。
√
1
2
3
4
( )4.What is the type of the text
A.A news report. B.A science paper.
C.An announcement. D.A country introduction.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“A major storm
moving through Northern California on Thursday dropped heavy
snow and record rain, flooding some areas, after killing two
people and knocking out power to hundreds of thousands in
the Pacific Northwest.”(周四，一场大风暴席卷北加州，带来了大雪
和创纪录的降雨，部分地区被洪水淹没，造成两人死亡，太平洋西
北部数十万人停电。)可知，本文讲述近几天暴风雨对美国多地的袭
击情况。本文具有时效性，是新闻报道。故选A。
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2
3
4
Ⅴ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·福建三明高一期中］
An earthquake can be a very destructive natural disaster.
1.___ Also, you might be left without the water supply or power.
There are several things you can do before an earthquake
happens to reduce damage and potential injuries.
Practise “drop, cover and hold on”. Make sure you know
what to do when an earthquake strikes. If you feel the ground
start to shake, drop, take cover under a stable piece of furniture
A
1
2
3
4
5
like a desk or table, and hold on to it. Stay there until the
shaking stops. But what should you do if you are outside 2.___
Prepare a disaster supply kit. And inform the whole family
of its location. Earthquakes can trap people in their homes for
days at a time in the worst-case scenario (可能发生的情况).
3.___ If you have a large house or family, consider preparing
extra kits and leaving them in different parts of the house.
4.___ What will you do if your family cannot get a hold of
each other when an earthquake strikes
G
F
C
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2
3
4
5
It is wise to decide on a meeting point in advance. Keep in
mind that the place should be easy for everyone to remember
under stress.
Learn basic first aid knowledge and skills. Some
organizations provide classes that will teach people the basic
skills to deal with the most common injuries and situations.
5.___ All in all, make sure that at least one person in your
family knows them.
A.After an earthquake, your home can be a mess.
E
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2
3
4
5
B.Make a disaster preparedness plan with your family.
C.Choose a post-earthquake gathering place for your family.
D.You can also meet at home if that is a convenient location.
E.If you cannot attend the class, buy basic first aid books on
hand.
F.Thus, it is necessary to prepare everything for survival in the
house.
G.Go to an open space away from anything that could fall like
buildings.
1
2
3
4
5
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震前的准备工
作，包括如何应对地震、准备应急包、选择震后集合地点和学习基
本急救知识。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
A
[解析] 上文“An earthquake can be a very destructive natural
disaster.”以及下文“Also, you might be left without the water
supply or power. There are several things you can do before an
earthquake happens to reduce damage and potential injuries.”说
明地震会带来极大的破坏性，空处需要进一步说明地震带来的影响。
A项“地震过后，你的家可能会变得一团糟。”符合语境，该项中的an
earthquake是上文中该词组的复现，“…your home can be a mess.”
和下文中“…you might be left without the water supply or
power.”相呼应，说明了地震后人们的生活状态。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
G
[解析] 上文“But what should you do if you are outside ”说明此
处讨论的是在地震中如何保护自己，特别是当你在户外时。空处回
答上文中的问题，给出在户外时如何规避风险的建议。G项中的an
open space和上文中的you are outside相呼应，说明在外面时去一
个开阔的地方，远离任何可能倒塌的东西，比如建筑物。G项“去一
个开阔的地方，远离任何可能倒塌的东西，比如建筑物。”符合语境，
故选G项。
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2
3
4
5
3.___
F
[解析] 上文“Earthquakes can trap people in their homes for days
at a time in the worst-case scenario (可能发生的情况).”说明在最
坏的情况下，人们可能会被困在家里数天。空处和前文形成因果关
系，表明因为我们可能会被困在家里数天，所以需要准备一些东西
保证我们的生存。F项“因此，有必要为在房子里求生做好一切准
备。”符合语境。故选F项。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
C
[解析] 下文“What will you do if your family cannot get a hold
of each other when an earthquake strikes It is wise to decide
on a meeting point in advance. Keep in mind that the place
should be easy for everyone to remember under stress.”说明这
一段讨论家庭成员在地震后的集合计划。C项“为你的家人选择一个
地震后的集合地点。”符合语境，该项中的choose a post-
earthquake gathering place和下文中的decide on a meeting point
in advance相呼应。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
E
[解析] 上文“Learn basic first aid knowledge and skills. Some
organizations provide classes that will teach people the basic
skills to deal with the most common injuries and situations.”说明
学习基本的急救知识和技能的重要性。空处顺接前文，提供了一个
不能参加课程的备选方案。E项中的attend the class和上文中的
provide classes相呼应，说明如果你不能上课，就买一些基本的急救
书。E项“如果你不能上课，就买一些基本的急救书随时备用。”符合
语境，故选E项。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅵ语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
［2025·广东惠州高一月考］
When you think of winter storms, you likely think of
1.________ (wake) up in the morning to inches, even feet of
snow! While snowstorms may be the more recognizable type of
winter storm, there's another type that can cause as much, or
even more damage: ice storms.
An ice storm is the result of 2.___ long-term cold rain
event. While ice doesn't fall from the sky, an ice storm is
waking
a
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
characterized by cold rain that results 3.___ thick ice. Ice storms
usually happen when the air temperature is at or just above
freezing.
Ice storms can cause 4._______ (safe) issues. They can affect
road conditions, making travel dangerous, and can damage your
home. Thick ice 5.__________ (increase) the weight of branches
and power lines, increasing the chances of big trees falling and
losing electric service to your home. If they fall onto your
houses, probably your roofs or nearby cars 6._________________
(destroy).
in
safety
increases
will be destroyed
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Worse still, it's difficult to know when 7._________ (power)
ice storms come. And it is possible for freezing rain to fall in
one location, rain in another and snow in a third. Ice storms
can appear in the area 8.___________ hardly ever experiences
winter weather. So you must know how 9.___________ (protect)
your home from ice storms 10.__________ (effective).
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰暴的成因、特征以及
可能带来的问题等。
powerful
that/which
to protect
effectively
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.________
waking
[解析] 考查动名词。由空前of为介词以及提示词为动词可知，此处
为动名词形式。故填waking。
2.___
a
[解析] 考查冠词。event是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一次长期的冷
雨事件”，long-term的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故
填a。
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.___
in
[解析] 考查固定短语。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语result in“导
致”，满足句意要求。故填in。
4._______
safety
[解析] 考查名词。此处作定语修饰issues，要用safe的名词形式
safety，safety issues意为“安全问题”。故填safety。
5.__________
increases
[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词，主语thick ice
是不可数名词，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，动词用第三人
称单数形式。故填increases。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6._________________
will be destroyed
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”
原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，且your roofs or
nearby cars与destroy是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。
故填will be destroyed。
7._________
powerful
[解析] 考查形容词。此处修饰名词词组ice storms，要用power的形
容词形式powerful“强大的”。故填powerful。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.___________
that/which
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the area，在
定语从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填
that/which。
9.___________
to protect
[解析] 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，
故此处用to protect。故填to protect。
10.__________
effectively
[解析] 考查副词。由副词修饰动词可知，此处修饰动词protect，要
用effective的副词形式effectively“有效地”。故填effectively。
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6
7
8
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10
Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Period Two Reading and Thinking
导学案
课前自主探究
Task One Fast reading for the structure of the text
Ⅰ 1.rose and fell 2.which 3.nervous 4.shake 5.across
6.injured 7.destroyed 8.trapped 9.shelters 10.to
Ⅱ a terrible earthquake of Tangshan
Task Two Careful reading for the details of the text
1.D 2.D 3.B 4.B
Task Three Micro-writing
1.rose 2.mice 3.but/yet 4.Finally 5.were injured 6.to
wonder 7.at 8.which 9.who 10.survivors
语言知识梳理
词汇点睛
1.①in ②will be ruined ③ruining ④（which was） reduced
to ruins ⑤found the old theatre in ruins
2.①a ②shocked ③shocked; shocking ④which came as a
great shock to me/which greatly shocked me ⑤were in
complete shock/were completely shocked
3.①trapped ②had been trapped ③设陷阱捕捉 ④诱骗;使上
当 ⑤（who were） trapped in the airport
4.①were buried ②burying ③buried ④With his head
silently buried ⑤was buried in/was burying herself
in; Burying herself in; Buried in
5.①breathe ②breathless ③breathlessly ④taking a few
deep breaths ⑤was out of breath
6.①to improve ②with ③to beautify ④my efforts paid
off ⑤had made every effort to
7.①from ②sufferings ③suffering ④are suffering from
⑤suffered a defeat
8.①supplies ②in ③supplied ④（should） supply every
classroom with ⑤were in short supply
9.①by ②survivor ③survival ④struggling to survive/
fighting for survival ⑤surviving on
句型透视
1.①too ②to carry ③can never be too careful/can never be
careful enough ④was too weak to get on his feet
2.①were broken ②had done ③had seen/witnessed the
events ④were always shining ⑤as though/if I would hold
him back
练习册
课内基础巩固
Ⅰ1.had seen 2.were ruined 3.trapped 4.was buried
5.breathe 6.revival 7.to rescue 8.has been
Ⅱ1.in ruins 2.in shock 3.suffered from 4.as usual 5.came
to an end 6.making every effort to 7.dig out
8.in times of
Ⅲ 1.A number of people were killed; the number of 2.whose
houses had been destroyed 3.were too excited to fall asleep
4.do nothing but take the train
课后素养提升
Ⅳ 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A
Ⅴ 1.A 2.G 3.F 4.C 5.E
Ⅵ 1.waking 2.a 3.in 4.safety 5.increases 6.will be
destroyed 7.powerful 8.that/which 9.to protect
10.effectively
