Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“语言学习”的短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。
Language is a powerful tool. There are many reasons ①why we learn different languages. We often study languages in countries ②where English is the main language. The time ③when we start learning a language can affect our learning results. If we begin early, we may learn better. In the process of learning, we talk to teachers ④with whom we practise speaking and improve our skills. Also, there are many platforms ⑤on which we can find useful learning materials. By using these resources and working hard, we can master languages well.
【自主归纳】
以上语段中,句①②③④⑤均为定语从句,why,where,when为关系 ;with whom和on which均为“介词+关系 ”。句①中,why在定语从句中作 ,从句修饰表示 的名词reasons;句②中,where 在定语从句中作 ,从句修饰表示 的名词countries;句③中,when在定语从句中作 ,从句修饰表示 的名词time;句④中,whom指代表示 的名词teachers;句⑤中,which指代表示 的名词platforms。
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词when, where, why引导,它们在从句中作状语。
一、基本用法
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,且在定语从句中充当时间状语时,用when引导,也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。如:
I will never forget the day when/on which an earthquake struck Wenchuan, Sichuan Province.
我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川县发生地震的那一天。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中充当地点状语时,用where引导定语从句,也可以用“介词+which”来代替where。如:
The house where/in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时,用why引导定语从句,相当于for which。如:
The reason why/for which I was late was that my car broke down on the way.
我迟到的原因是我的汽车在路上抛锚了。
4.如果定语从句前面的先行词是activity, case, point, event, situation, job, organisation, position等抽象名词,且在从句中作状语时,应用where来引导定语从句。如:
①Let’s think of a situation where the idiom can be used properly. 让我们想出一个可以正确使用该习语的情况。
②Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天,我们将讨论许多关于英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况。
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
选用关系代词还是关系副词,归根结底要看定语从句缺什么成分。如果缺的是主语、宾语或定语,就用关系代词;如果缺状语,则用关系副词。
1.先行词是地点。如:
①The mountain village where I stayed for a night last year has taken on a new look.
我去年住过一晚的那个山村的面貌焕然一新了。(从句缺状语,故用where)
②The mountain village (which/that) I visited last year has taken on a new look.
我去年参观过的那个山村的面貌焕然一新了。(从句缺宾语,故用which/that或省略)
2.先行词是时间。如:
①I will never forget the days when I lived in the countryside with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我和农民们住在农村的日子。(从句缺状语,故用when)
②I will never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the countryside with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我在农村和农民们度过的日子。(从句缺宾语,故用which/that或省略)
3.先行词是原因。如:
①The reason why/for which you failed, I think, was that you had not followed your mother’s advice.
我认为你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的建议。(从句缺状语,故用why/for which)
②The reason (which/that) he explained for his being late was that he had missed the early bus.
他解释的迟到的原因是他错过了早班公共汽车。(从句缺宾语,故用which/that或省略)
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.The valley the town lies is very beautiful.
2.The photo reminds me of the days we struggled together.
3.The reason he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.
4.It’s helpful to put children in a situation
they can see themselves differently.
5.We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
6.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
7.The school he once studied lies in the east of the town.
8.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.
9.There was a time each teacher spent an hour, one day a week, testing pupils in every subject.
10.She’ll never forget the day she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.The park is really beautiful, with a large lake in the middle and many colourful flowers around.
我们经常去野餐的那个公园非常漂亮,中间有一个大湖,周围环绕着许多五颜六色的花朵。
2.Reading is a wonderful activity without leaving your home.
阅读是一项很棒的活动,在其中你无需离开家就能探索不同的世界。
3.The years were full of challenges, but also a great opportunity for her to grow independently.她出国留学的那些年充满了挑战,但对她来说也是一个独立成长的好机会。
4.I don’t understand the reason so easily. Maybe he’s under too much pressure.
我不明白他为什么总是那么容易生气。也许他压力太大了。
5.The house
in the storm needs to be repaired immediately.
在暴风雨中屋顶受损的那所房子需要立即修缮。
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
【自主归纳】
副词; 代词; 原因状语; 原因; 地点状语; 地点; 时间状语; 时间; 人; 物
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.where 2.when 3.why 4.where 5.when
6.where 7.where 8.where 9.when 10.when
●Ⅱ 1.where we often have picnics
2.where you can explore different worlds
3.when she studied abroad
4.why he always gets angry
5.whose roof was damaged/the roof of which was damagedPeriod Three Discovering Useful Structures
●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
1.The days are gone people had to rely on letters to communicate with each other.
2.The reason she chose to study abroad is that she wanted to experience different cultures and broaden her horizons.
3.The English play my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
4.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.
5.They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days.
6.The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago.
7.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station you can hire to reach your host family.
8.A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
9.The old temple roof was damaged in the storm is now under repair.
10.He was absent today. The reason he gave was that his father was in hospital.
●Ⅱ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分15分)
1.The main reasons are to learn information, communicate with others and have fun.(surf)
青少年上网冲浪主要是为了了解信息、与人交流和寻找乐趣。
2.They have developed their friendship to a stage sorrow and happiness.(share)
他们的友谊已经发展到了可以分享悲伤和幸福的阶段。
3.He was educated at a local grammar school, the University of Cambridge.(go) 他在当地的一所文法学校接受教育,之后他去了剑桥大学。
4.Keep the books in a place .(find)
把这些书放在你容易找到的地方。
5.What surprised me most was not what he said but the way .
(say)
让我最吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
●Ⅲ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become cleverer since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles (肌肉).
The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is. A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learned a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension (理解) were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
( )1.The main subject talked about in this passage is .
A.science on learning a second language
B.man’s ability of learning a second language
C.findings that language learning can help brainpower
D.language learning and maths study
( )2.What does the writer mainly want to express in the second paragraph
A.Language is also a kind of physical labour.
B.Grey matter is the area of processing information.
C.Regular exercises can build our muscles.
D.Language learning helps grey matter work well.
( )3.The underlined word “bilinguals” in Paragraph 3 probably means .
A.people who can speak two languages
B.people who are good at learning foreign languages
C.researchers on language learning
D.active language learners
( )4.In the last two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that .
A.learning a second language is the same as studying maths
B.early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjects
C.Italian is the best choice for you as a second language
D.you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language
●Ⅳ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·广东深圳龙岗区高级中学高一期中]
Ways to learn English fast and effectively
With many words and strange ways of spelling that can confuse even those whose primary language is English, English can be one of the most challenging languages to master. 1. But if you want to learn English quickly and effectively, these tips can be of great help.
2. Having this type of knowledge will be fundamental to your comprehension. Plus, you can choose the course based on your goals and skill level. There are also courses in Travel English, International Business English, and so on. Depending on your end goal, taking a course that matches your objectives can set you on the path to success.
It’s also helpful to have a conversation partner. 3. Finding a conversation partner to do real, face-to-face practice will allow you to put your skills to the test. It is said that speaking English regularly helps you master the language far better than reading or writing. 4.
Immersing yourself in the language is essential to quick learning. It’s undeniable that there’s no better way to learn English than spending time in an English-speaking country. But if that is impossible at the moment, you can still immerse yourself in the language by absorbing all you can find in English. 5. How can you practise English in two different ways each day Find TV shows, songs, books, movies, videos—anything that is in English will do. Vary the way you practise English to truly immerse yourself in the language.
A.It’s perfectly acceptable to learn at your own pace.
B.You can practise with the recordings of native speakers.
C.Taking a course is a great way to study the basics of English.
D.This will allow you to pick up and remember new words faster.
E.One way to do this is by following the “two ways every day” method.
F.Without communicating in English, you can’t identify your weak spots.
G.After all, what’s the point of learning a language if you don’t use it to communicate
●Ⅴ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·四川成都外国语学校高一期中]
I’m a university professor at an art school. Last year, I decided to 1 online classes to gain some knowledge of Arabic (阿拉伯语).
My teacher and I would meet a few times a month to practise 2 and go over grammar. During our communication, he also 3 details of his life. Gradually, the 4 of the first few lessons gave way to comfort. I stopped feeling embarrassed and began to open up about my own 5 and my struggle with Arabic. “Don’t worry; I’m here to 6 you. You’re hard-working and I’m sure you’ll do well in it,” said my teacher. I had 7 my students with similar words in my own teaching. It was 8 to hear them directed at me. The tables turned.
“You are 9 today,” my teacher would say when I used different vocabularies or expressions. When I heard these four words, I got a feeling of 10 . It also surprised me that my confidence could be encouraged by such 11 praise. That was when I became aware of how 12 I had praised my students, because I thought much praise made them self-satisfied. But now, I had a change of heart and 13 that these plain words can mean a lot. Words 14 . And now I become more 15 when I use them.
( )1.A.keep up with B.sign up for
C.make up for D.come up with
( )2.A.writing B.listening
C.conversation D.translation
( )3.A.recorded B.shared
C.avoided D.debated
( )4.A.eagerness B.nervousness
C.excitement D.expectation
( )5.A.schedule B.achievement
C.education D.experience
( )6.A.remind B.admire
C.teach D.inspire
( )7.A.comforted B.discouraged
C.praised D.warned
( )8.A.disappointed B.strange
C.concerned D.upset
( )9.A.brave B.intelligent
C.energetic D.excellent
( )10.A.calm B.relief
C.joy D.safety
( )11.A.simple B.special
C.common D.specific
( )12.A.hard B.seldom
C.necessarily D.naturally
( )13.A.wondered B.remembered
C.reflected D.understood
( )14.A.matter B.fail
C.remain D.develop
( )15.A.curious B.certain
C.careful D.confused
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.1.when 2.why 3.where 4.where 5.where
6.where 7.which/that 8.where 9.whose 10.that/which
Ⅱ.1.why/for which teenagers surf the Internet 2.where/at which they can share 3.after which he went to 4.in which/where you can find them easily 5.(that/in which) he said it
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是学习第二语言对大脑功能的积极影响以及早年学习第二语言的重要性。
1.C 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其根据第二段“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower.”可知,这篇文章讨论的主题是语言学习有助于脑力的发现。故选C项。
2.D 推理判断题。由第二段中“Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles (肌肉).”可知,学习其他语言会改变大脑灰质,就像锻炼肌肉一样,语言学习越多大脑灰质越多,大脑中处理信息的区域就越大,由此可得出语言学习有助于灰质正常工作,提升灰质的工作效率。故选D项。
3.A 词义猜测题。由第三段中“A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of ‘early bilinguals’ who had learned a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.”可知,该研究采用对比法,再结合定语从句“…who had learned a second language before the age of five…”可知,bilinguals的意思应是“会说两种语言的人”。故选A项。
4.B 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中“Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. ‘Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),’ he said. ‘You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.’”和最后一段中“The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension (理解) were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. ‘Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,’ explained the scientists.”可知,在最后两段,作者想告诉我们早年学习第二语言对你学习其他科目有很大帮助。故选B项。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了快速有效学英语的几种方法。
1.A 根据下一句“But if you want to learn English quickly and effectively,these tips can be of great help.”可知,此处说的是学习英语的方法。A项“It’s perfectly acceptable to learn at your own pace.”(按照自己的节奏学习是完全可以接受的。)提出可以按照自己的节奏学习,与下文构成转折关系,符合语境。故选A。
2.C 根据下一句“Having this type of knowledge will be fundamental to your comprehension.”可知,此处说的是掌握英语知识。C项“Taking a course is a great way to study the basics of English.”建议在课上学习英语的基本内容,符合语境。故选C。
3.F 根据下一句“Finding a conversation partner to do real,face-to-face practice will allow you to put your skills to the test.”可知,此处说的是找到一个真正的对话伙伴,进行面对面的练习。F项“Without communicating in English,you can’t identify your weak spots.”(不用英语交流,你就无法发现自己的弱点。)提出了学英语时没有英语交流的弊端,符合语境。故选F。
4.G 根据上一句“It is said that speaking English regularly helps you master the language far better than reading or writing.”可知,此处说的是要经常说英语。G项“After all,what’s the point of learning a language if you don’t use it to communicate ”(毕竟,如果你不用它来交流,学习一门语言又有什么意义呢 )强调了不交流的话,学语言没有意义,符合语境。故选G。
5.E 根据下一句“How can you practise English in two different ways each day ”可知,此处说的是每天用两种不同的方式练习英语。E项“One way to do this is by following the ‘two ways every day’ method.”(一种方法是遵循“每天两种方式”的方法。)中the “two ways every day” method和后句two different ways一致,符合语境。故选E。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者学习阿拉伯语的经历,明白了即使是简单的赞美也能鼓舞一个人的信心的道理。
1.B 根据下文to gain some knowledge of Arabic可知,此处应该是指“报名参加”网络课程。故选B项。keep up with跟上;sign up for报名参加;make up for弥补;come up with想出。
2.C 根据下文during our communication可知,此处是指练习“对话”。故选C项。writing写作;listening听力;conversation对话;translation翻译。
3.B 作者和老师练习对话,所以在交流中老师应该是“分享”生活细节。故选B项。record记录; share分享;avoid避免;debate辩论。
4.B 根据下文“I stopped feeling embarrassed and began to open up…”可知,在前几节课中作者应该是有些“紧张”。故选B项。eagerness渴望;nervousness紧张;excitement兴奋; expectation期待。
5.D 根据下文my struggle with Arabic可知,此处是指畅谈自己的“经历”。故选D项。schedule计划表; achievement成就;education教育;experience经历。
6.C 根据下文my teacher可知,这是老师对作者说的话,所以此处是指“教”。故选C项。remind提醒;admire钦佩; teach教; inspire激励。
7.A 根据上文中老师说的话可知,此处是指作者也用类似的话“安慰”过自己的学生。故选A项。comfort安慰; discourage使泄气;praise赞扬;warn警告。
8.B 根据下文“The tables turned.”可知,作者曾经也用过老师说过的类似的话来安慰学生,如今形势逆转了,所以作者听到这样的话应该是感到非常“奇怪”。故选B项。disappointed失望的;strange奇怪的;concerned关注的;upset心烦意乱的。
9.D 根据下文“…when I used different vocabularies or expressions.”可知,作者在语言学习过程中使用不同词汇,所以此处是指老师表扬作者是“很棒的”。故选D项。brave勇敢的;intelligent聪明的;energetic精力充沛的;excellent很棒的。
10.C 根据下文“It also surprised me that my confidence could be encouraged…”可知,此处是指有一种“喜悦”的感觉。故选C项。 calm平静; relief宽慰; joy高兴;safety安全。
11.A 根据上文these four words和下文plain可知,老师对作者的赞美是“简单的”。故选A项。simple简单的;special特殊的;common共同的; specific明确的。
12.B 根据下文“…because I thought much praise made them self-satisfied.”可知,此处是指作者“很少”表扬学生。故选B项。hard努力地;seldom很少; necessarily必要地; naturally自然地。
13.D 根据下文“…these plain words can mean a lot.”可知,此处是指作者“明白了”。故选D项。wonder想知道;remember记得;reflect反射; understand理解,明白。
14.A 根据“…my confidence could be encouraged…”可知,一个简单的赞美能鼓舞作者的信心,所以此处指言语很“重要”。故选A项。matter要紧;fail失败;remain留下; develop发展。
15.C 根据上文可知,言语很重要,一个简单的赞美能鼓舞人的信心,所以此处指以后使用言语的时候要“仔细,慎重”。故选C项。curious好奇的;certain必然的;careful仔细的;confused困惑的。(共62张PPT)
Period Three
Discovering Useful Structures
语法归纳
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“语言学习”的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的
问题。
Language is a powerful tool. There are many reasons
①why we learn different languages. We often study languages
in countries ②where English is the main language. The time
③when we start learning a language can affect our learning
results. If we begin early, we may learn better. In the process of
learning, we talk to teachers ④with whom we practise
speaking and improve our skills. Also, there are many
platforms ⑤on which we can find useful learning materials.
By using these resources and working hard, we can master
languages well.
【自主归纳】
以上语段中，句①②③④⑤均为定语从句，why，where，when为关
系______；with whom和on which均为“介词+关系______”。句①中，
why在定语从句中作__________，从句修饰表示______的名词
reasons；句②中，where 在定语从句中作__________，从句修饰表
示______的名词countries；句③中，when在定语从句中作
__________ ，从句修饰表示______的名词time；句④中，whom指
代表示____的名词teachers；句⑤中，which指代表示____的名词
platforms。
副词
代词
原因状语
原因
地点状语
地点
时间状语
时间
人
物
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词when, where,
why引导,它们在从句中作状语。
一、基本用法
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词,且在定语从句中充当
时间状语时,用when引导,也可以用“介词+which”来代替when。如:
I will never forget the day when/on which an earthquake struck
Wenchuan, Sichuan Province.
我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川县发生地震的那一天。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中充当
地点状语时,用where引导定语从句,也可以用“介词+which”来代替
where。如:
The house where/in which I lived ten years ago has been
pulled down.
我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时,用why引导定语从句,相当于for
which。如:
The reason why/for which I was late was that my car broke
down on the way.
我迟到的原因是我的汽车在路上抛锚了。
4.如果定语从句前面的先行词是activity, case, point, event, situation,
job, organisation, position等抽象名词,且在从句中作状语时,应用
where来引导定语从句。如:
①Let's think of a situation where the idiom can be used
properly. 让我们想出一个可以正确使用该习语的情况。
②Today, we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of
English fail to use the language properly. 今天,我们将讨论许多关
于英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况。
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
选用关系代词还是关系副词,归根结底要看定语从句缺什么成分。
如果缺的是主语、宾语或定语,就用关系代词;如果缺状语,则用关系副词。
1.先行词是地点。如:
①The mountain village where I stayed for a night last year
has taken on a new look.
我去年住过一晚的那个山村的面貌焕然一新了。(从句缺状语,故用
where)
②The mountain village (which/that) I visited last year has
taken on a new look.
我去年参观过的那个山村的面貌焕然一新了。(从句缺宾语,故用
which/that或省略)
2.先行词是时间。如:
①I will never forget the days when I lived in the countryside
with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我和农民们住在农村的日子。(从句缺状语,故用
when)
②I will never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the
countryside with the farmers.
我永远不会忘记我在农村和农民们度过的日子。(从句缺宾语,故用
which/that或省略)
3.先行词是原因。如:
①The reason why/for which you failed, I think, was that you
had not followed your mother's advice.
我认为你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的建议。(从句缺状语,故用
why/for which)
②The reason (which/that) he explained for his being late was
that he had missed the early bus.
他解释的迟到的原因是他错过了早班公共汽车。(从句缺宾语,故用
which/that或省略)
【实战演练】
Ⅰ单句填空
1.The valley _______ the town lies is very beautiful.
2.The photo reminds me of the days ______ we struggled
together.
3.The reason _____ he was late was that something was wrong
with his bike on the way.
4.It's helpful to put children in a situation _______they can see
themselves differently.
where
when
why
where
5.We live in an age ______ more information is available with
greater ease than ever before.
6.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the
only planet _______ life has developed gradually.
7.The school _______ he once studied lies in the east of the
town.
8.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small
town _______ he grew up as a child.
when
where
where
where
9.There was a time ______ each teacher spent an hour, one day
a week, testing pupils in every subject.
10.She'll never forget the day ______ she found her son who
had gone missing two years before.
when
when
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.The park ____________________________ is really beautiful,
with a large lake in the middle and many colourful flowers
around.
我们经常去野餐的那个公园非常漂亮，中间有一个大湖，周围环绕
着许多五颜六色的花朵。
where we often have picnics
2.Reading is a wonderful activity _____________________________
______________ without leaving your home.
阅读是一项很棒的活动，在其中你无需离开家就能探索不同的世界。
where you can explore different worlds
3.The years _________________________ were full of challenges,
but also a great opportunity for her to grow independently.她出
国留学的那些年充满了挑战，但对她来说也是一个独立成长的好机会。
when she studied abroad
4.I don't understand the reason _________________________ so
easily. Maybe he's under too much pressure.
我不明白他为什么总是那么容易生气。也许他压力太大了。
why he always gets angry
5.The house _______________________________________________
_________in the storm needs to be repaired immediately.
在暴风雨中屋顶受损的那所房子需要立即修缮。
whose roof was damaged/the roof of which was damaged
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1.The days are gone ______ people had to rely on letters to
communicate with each other.
when
2.The reason _____ she chose to study abroad is that she
wanted to experience different cultures and broaden her
horizons.
why
3.The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's
party was a great success.
where
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.There were dirty marks on her trousers _______ she had
wiped her hands.
where
5.They will fly to Washington, _______ they plan to stay for two
or three days.
where
6.The village has developed a lot _______ we learned farming
two years ago.
where
7.You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station ___________ you
can hire to reach your host family.
which/that
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.A bank is the place _______ they lend you an umbrella in fair
weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
where
9.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in the storm is
now under repair.
whose
10.He was absent today. The reason ___________ he gave was
that his father was in hospital.
that/which
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ句型训练(每小题3分，满分15分)
1.The main reasons _______________________________________
are to learn information, communicate with others and have
fun.(surf)
青少年上网冲浪主要是为了了解信息、与人交流和寻找乐趣。
why/for which teenagers surf the Internet
2.They have developed their friendship to a stage ____________
____________________ sorrow and happiness.(share)
他们的友谊已经发展到了可以分享悲伤和幸福的阶段。
where/at which they can share
1
2
3
4
5
4.Keep the books in a place ________________________________
_______.(find)
把这些书放在你容易找到的地方。
in which/where you can find them easily
5.What surprised me most was not what he said but the way
________________________.(say)
让我最吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
(that/in which) he said it
1
2
3
4
5
3.He was educated at a local grammar school, _______________
________ the University of Cambridge.(go)
他在当地的一所文法学校接受教育,之后他去了剑桥大学。
after which he went to
Ⅲ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and
sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you
noticed that you have become cleverer since you started to
learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a
second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower.
Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey
1
2
3
4
matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information.
It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles (肌肉).
The study also found the younger people learn a second
language, the greater the effect is. A team led by Dr Andrea
Michelle, from University College London, took a group of
Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a
group of “early bilinguals” who had learned a second language
before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
1
2
3
4
Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain
was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second
language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a
new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is
changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said
the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the
ability to learn.
1
2
3
4
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales,
has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world
and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),” he said. “You are
actually going beyond language and have a better
understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian
speakers who had learned English as a second language
between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and
1
2
3
4
comprehension (理解) were all tested. The results showed that
the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a
language means you get an entrance to another world,”
explained the scientists.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是学习第二语言对大脑
功能的积极影响以及早年学习第二语言的重要性。
1
2
3
4
( )1.The main subject talked about in this passage is
________.
A.science on learning a second language
B.man's ability of learning a second language
C.findings that language learning can help brainpower
D.language learning and maths study
[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“According to a
new study by a British university, learning a second language
can lead to an increase in your brainpower.”可知，这篇文章讨论
的主题是语言学习有助于脑力的发现。故选C项。
√
1
2
3
4
( )2.What does the writer mainly want to express in the
second paragraph
A.Language is also a kind of physical labour.
B.Grey matter is the area of processing information.
C.Regular exercises can build our muscles.
D.Language learning helps grey matter work well.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。由第二段中“Researchers found that learning
other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the
brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that
exercise builds muscles (肌肉).”可知，学习其他语言会改变大脑灰
质，就像锻炼肌肉一样，语言学习越多大脑灰质越多，大脑中处理
信息的区域就越大，由此可得出语言学习有助于灰质正常工作，提
升灰质的工作效率。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
( )3.The underlined word “bilinguals” in Paragraph 3
probably means ________.
A.people who can speak two languages
B.people who are good at learning foreign languages
C.researchers on language learning
D.active language learners
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 词义猜测题。由第三段中“A team led by Dr Andrea
Michelle, from University College London, took a group of
Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a
group of ‘early bilinguals’ who had learned a second language
before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.”可
知，该研究采用对比法，再结合定语从句“…who had learned a
second language before the age of five…”可知，bilinguals的意思
应是“会说两种语言的人”。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
( )4.In the last two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us
that ________.
A.learning a second language is the same as studying maths
B.early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in
studying other subjects
C.Italian is the best choice for you as a second language
D.you'd better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a
second language
√
1
2
3
4
[解析] 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中“Professor Dylan Vaughan
Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link
between bilingualism and maths skills. ‘Having two languages
gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more
flexible (灵活的),’ he said. ‘You are actually going beyond
language and have a better understanding of different ideas.’”和
最后一段中“The findings were matched in a study of native
Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language
between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and
1
2
3
4
comprehension (理解) were all tested. The results showed that
the younger they started to learn, the better. ‘Studying a
language means you get an entrance to another world,’
explained the scientists.”可知，在最后两段，作者想告诉我们早年
学习第二语言对你学习其他科目有很大帮助。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
Ⅳ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·广东深圳龙岗区高级中学高一期中］
Ways to learn English fast and effectively
With many words and strange ways of spelling that can
confuse even those whose primary language is English, English
can be one of the most challenging languages to master. 1.___
But if you want to learn English quickly and effectively, these
tips can be of great help.
A
1
2
3
4
5
2.___ Having this type of knowledge will be fundamental to
your comprehension. Plus, you can choose the course based on
your goals and skill level. There are also courses in Travel
English, International Business English, and so on. Depending on
your end goal, taking a course that matches your objectives can
set you on the path to success.
It's also helpful to have a conversation partner. 3.___
Finding a conversation partner to do real, face-to-face practice
will allow you to put your skills to the test.
C
F
1
2
3
4
5
It is said that speaking English regularly helps you master the
language far better than reading or writing. 4.___
Immersing yourself in the language is essential to quick
learning. It's undeniable that there's no better way to learn
English than spending time in an English-speaking country. But
if that is impossible at the moment, you can still immerse
yourself in the language by absorbing all you can find in
English. 5.___ How can you practise English in two different
ways each day Find TV shows, songs, books, movies, videos—
G
E
1
2
3
4
5
anything that is in English will do. Vary the way you practise
English to truly immerse yourself in the language.
A.It's perfectly acceptable to learn at your own pace.
B.You can practise with the recordings of native speakers.
C.Taking a course is a great way to study the basics of English.
D.This will allow you to pick up and remember new words
faster.
E.One way to do this is by following the “two ways every day”
method.
1
2
3
4
5
F.Without communicating in English, you can't identify your weak
spots.
G.After all, what's the point of learning a language if you don't
use it to communicate？
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了快速有效学英语的几种方法。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
A
[解析] 根据下一句“But if you want to learn English quickly and
effectively,these tips can be of great help.”可知，此处说的是学习
英语的方法。A项“It's perfectly acceptable to learn at your own
pace.”(按照自己的节奏学习是完全可以接受的。)提出可以按照自己
的节奏学习，与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
C
[解析] 根据下一句“Having this type of knowledge will be
fundamental to your comprehension.”可知，此处说的是掌握英语
知识。C项“Taking a course is a great way to study the basics of
English.”建议在课上学习英语的基本内容，符合语境。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
F
[解析] 根据下一句“Finding a conversation partner to do real，
face-to-face practice will allow you to put your skills to the test.”
可知，此处说的是找到一个真正的对话伙伴，进行面对面的练习。F
项“Without communicating in English,you can't identify your
weak spots.”(不用英语交流，你就无法发现自己的弱点。)提出了学
英语时没有英语交流的弊端，符合语境。故选F。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
G
[解析] 根据上一句“It is said that speaking English regularly helps
you master the language far better than reading or writing.”可知，
此处说的是要经常说英语。G项“After all,what's the point of
learning a language if you don't use it to communicate？”
(毕竟，如果你不用它来交流，学习一门语言又有什么意义呢？)强调
了不交流的话，学语言没有意义，符合语境。故选G。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
E
[解析] 根据下一句“How can you practise English in two different
ways each day ”可知，此处说的是每天用两种不同的方式练习英语。
E项“One way to do this is by following the ‘two ways every day’
method.”(一种方法是遵循“每天两种方式”的方法。)中the “two ways
every day” method和后句two different ways一致，符合语境。故
选E。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅴ完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
［2025·四川成都外国语学校高一期中］
I'm a university professor at an art school. Last year, I
decided to . .1. . online classes to gain some knowledge of Arabic
(阿拉伯语).
My teacher and I would meet a few times a month to
practise . .2. . and go over grammar. During our communication,
he also . .3. . details of his life. Gradually, the . .4. . of the first few
lessons gave way to comfort. I stopped feeling embarrassed and
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
began to open up about my own . .5. . and my struggle with
Arabic. “Don't worry; I'm here to . .6. . you. You're hard-working
and I'm sure you'll do well in it,” said my teacher. I had . .7. .
my students with similar words in my own teaching. It was . .8. .
to hear them directed at me. The tables turned.
“You are . .9. . today,” my teacher would say when I used
different vocabularies or expressions. When I heard these four
words, I got a feeling of . .10. .. It also surprised me that my
confidence could be encouraged by such . .11. . praise.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
That was when I became aware of how . .12. . I had praised my
students, because I thought much praise made them self-
satisfied. But now, I had a change of heart and . .13. . that these
plain words can mean a lot. Words . .14. .. And now I become
more . .15. . when I use them.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者学习阿拉伯语
的经历，明白了即使是简单的赞美也能鼓舞一个人的信心的道理。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )1.A.keep up with B.sign up for
C.make up for D.come up with
[解析] 根据下文to gain some knowledge of Arabic可知，此处应
该是指“报名参加”网络课程。故选B项。keep up with跟上；sign up
for报名参加；make up for弥补；come up with想出。
( )2.A.writing B.listening
C.conversation D.translation
[解析] 根据下文during our communication可知，此处是指练习“对
话”。故选C项。writing写作；listening听力；conversation对话；
translation翻译。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )3.A.recorded B.shared C.avoided D.debated
[解析] 作者和老师练习对话，所以在交流中老师应该是“分享”生活
细节。故选B项。record记录； share分享；avoid避免；debate辩论。
( )4.A.eagerness B.nervousness
C.excitement D.expectation
[解析] 根据下文“I stopped feeling embarrassed and began to
open up…”可知，在前几节课中作者应该是有些“紧张”。故选B项。
eagerness渴望；nervousness紧张；excitement兴奋； expectation期待。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )5.A.schedule B.achievement
C.education D.experience
[解析] 根据下文my struggle with Arabic可知，此处是指畅谈自己
的“经历”。故选D项。schedule计划表； achievement成就；
education教育；experience经历。
( )6.A.remind B.admire C.teach D.inspire
[解析] 根据下文my teacher可知，这是老师对作者说的话，所以此
处是指“教”。故选C项。remind提醒；admire钦佩； teach教；
inspire激励。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )7.A.comforted B.discouraged C.praised D.warned
[解析] 根据上文中老师说的话可知，此处是指作者也用类似的话“安
慰”过自己的学生。故选A项。comfort安慰； discourage使泄气；
praise赞扬；warn警告。
( )8.A.disappointed B.strange C.concerned D.upset
[解析] 根据下文“The tables turned.”可知，作者曾经也用过老师说
过的类似的话来安慰学生，如今形势逆转了，所以作者听到这样的
话应该是感到非常“奇怪”。故选B项。disappointed失望的；strange
奇怪的；concerned关注的；upset心烦意乱的。
√
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
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( )9.A.brave B.intelligent C.energetic D.excellent
[解析] 根据下文“…when I used different vocabularies or
expressions.”可知，作者在语言学习过程中使用不同词汇，所以此处
是指老师表扬作者是“很棒的”。故选D项。brave勇敢的；intelligent
聪明的；energetic精力充沛的；excellent很棒的。
( )10.A.calm B.relief C.joy D.safety
[解析] 根据下文“It also surprised me that my confidence could
be encouraged…”可知，此处是指有一种“喜悦”的感觉。故选C项。
calm平静； relief宽慰； joy高兴；safety安全。
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( )11.A.simple B.special C.common D.specific
[解析] 根据上文these four words和下文plain可知，老师对作者的
赞美是“简单的”。故选A项。simple简单的；special特殊的；
common共同的； specific明确的。
( )12.A.hard B.seldom C.necessarily D.naturally
[解析] 根据下文“…because I thought much praise made them
self-satisfied.”可知，此处是指作者“很少”表扬学生。故选B项。hard
努力地；seldom很少； necessarily必要地； naturally自然地。
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( )13.A.wondered B.remembered
C.reflected D.understood
[解析] 根据下文“…these plain words can mean a lot.”可知，此处
是指作者“明白了”。故选D项。wonder想知道；remember记得；
reflect反射； understand理解，明白。
( )14.A.matter B.fail C.remain D.develop
[解析] 根据“…my confidence could be encouraged…”可知，一个
简单的赞美能鼓舞作者的信心，所以此处指言语很“重要”。故选A项。
matter要紧；fail失败；remain留下； develop发展。
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( )15.A.curious B.certain C.careful D.confused
[解析] 根据上文可知，言语很重要，一个简单的赞美能鼓舞人的信
心，所以此处指以后使用言语的时候要“仔细，慎重”。故选C项。
curious好奇的；certain必然的；careful仔细的；confused困惑的。
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Unit 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
导学案
【自主归纳】
副词；代词；原因状语；原因；地点状语；地点；时间状语；时间；
人；物
语法归纳
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 1.where 2.when 3.why 4.where 5.when 6.where
7.where 8.where 9.when 10.when
Ⅱ 1.where we often have picnics 2.where you can explore
different worlds 3.when she studied abroad 4.why he
always gets angry 5.whose roof was damaged/the roof of
which was damaged
练习册
课内基础巩固
Ⅰ 1.when 2.why 3.where 4.where 5.where 6.where 7.which
/that 8.where 9.whose 10.that/which
Ⅱ1.why/for which teenagers surf the Internet 2.where/at
which they can share 3.after which he went to 4.in
which/where you can find them easily
5.（that/in which） he said it
课后素养提升
Ⅲ 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B
Ⅳ 1.A 2.C 3.F 4.G 5.E
Ⅴ 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.C
11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.C
