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2025年仁爱科普版九年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 4 Amazing Science
核心语法:现在完成时的被动语态
一、 温故知新:复习两种核心语法
1. 现在完成时 (The Present Perfect Tense)
构成: have/has + 过去分词 (V-ed)
功能: 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或表示从过去持续到现在的动作。
例句:
He has finished his homework. (他完成了作业。)(强调作业现在做完了)
I have lived here for ten years. (我在这里住了10年了。)(强调从过去持续到现在)
2. 被动语态 (The Passive Voice)
构成: be + 过去分词 (V-ed)
功能: 强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
核心: 主语是动作的承受者。
例句:
The window was broken by Tom. (窗户被汤姆打碎了。)
二、 现在完成时的被动语态:强强联合
现在完成时的被动语态结合了上述两者的特点:
具备现在完成时的时态意义(动作已完成并对现在有影响,或动作持续发生)。
具备被动语态的语态意义(主语是动作的承受者)。
核心结构:
have/has + been + 过去分词 (V-ed)
have/has:体现现在完成时,根据主语人称变化。
been:固定不变,是be的过去分词。
过去分词 (V-ed):体现被动语态和完成意义。
三、 句型结构(以动词do为例)
句型 结构 例句 说明
肯定句 主语 + have/has been done The work has been finished. (工作已经被完成了。) has用于第三人称单数
否定句 主语 + have/has not been done The letters have not been sent. (信还没有被寄出。)
一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + been done Has the room been cleaned (房间打扫了吗?)
— Yes, it has. / No, it hasn't. 把have/has提到句首
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + been done Why has the meeting been canceled (会议为什么被取消了?)
四、 用法详解
1. 强调某个被动的动作已经完成,且对现在有影响。
The door has been locked. (门已经被锁上了。)
(含义:现在门是锁着的状态,我们进不去。)
I can't find my phone. It has been stolen!
(我找不到我的手机。它被偷了!)(强调手机现在不见了的结果)
2. 强调某个被动的动作从过去开始持续到现在。
This novel has been translated into many languages. (这本小说已经被翻译成多种语言。)
(从过去某个时间点开始翻译,直到现在已完成,强调成果。)
The machine has been used for ten years. (这台机器已经被用了10年了。)
(从10年前开始被使用,持续到现在。)
五、 执行者 by... 短语
如果需要说明动作是由谁完成的,可以在句末加上 by + 执行者。
多数情况下,执行者未知或不重要,可以省略。
The task has been completed by our team. (这个任务已经被我们团队完成了。)
A new bridge has been built (by the workers). (一座新桥已经建成了(被工人们)。)
六、 总结与口诀
现在完成时的被动语态是初中英语的一个难点,但也是重点。掌握它,你的英语表达会更具多样性和准确性。
记忆口诀:
现在完成被动态,have/has been 加过分。
强调承受者和影响,by引执行者可省略。
主动变被动三步走:
一宾变主二变been,
三看主语换have/has,
过去分词永不变。
1. —When will the railway that connects the two cities open
— next year. Only two thirds been built.
A.Until; has B.Until; have
C.Not until; has D.Not until; have
2.---May I go out with you tomorrow
---If your job ______by then.
A.has been finished B.finish C.will be finished D.will finish
3.I parked my bike behind the building, but now it is gone. It ________.
A.may be stolen B.must be stolen C.must have been stolen D.must have stolen
4.Many comic books ______ cartoons in the past 10 years.
A.were made in B.were made into
C.have been made in D.have been made into
5.Now these magazines ________ in the library for a long time.
A.have kept B.are keeping C.have been kept
6.By the first day of August, 2007, the PLA ________ for eighty years.
A.founded B.has founded
C.has been found D.had been founded
7.The rest of the fish ________ out.
A.has sold B.have sold
C.has been sold D.have been sold
8.Many comic books ______ into cartoons in the past 40 years.
A.make B.are made
C.have make D.have been made
9.The window ________ for weeks.
A.hasn’t cleaned B.hasn’t been cleaned C.wasn’t cleaned D.didn’t clean
10.I like these English songs and they ________ many times on the radio.
A.played B.have played C.are played D.have been played
11.So far, the moon ________ by man already.
A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited
12.Paper money ________ for over a thousand years.
A.used B.has been used C.have been used D.has repaired
13.A lot of tall buildings in his hometown in the last three years.
A.have set up B.have been set up C.were set up D.set up
14.—Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
—I’m not sure. Because I ________ so far.
A.haven’t invited B.wasn’t invited C.haven’t been invited D.will be invited
15.Miss White said she ____ some beautiful coats in the shop.
A.had been show B.has been shown
C.had been shown to D.had been shown
16.He has been ________ deeply by his father.
A.influenced B.influence C.affect D.effect
17.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.
A.sells well B.have sold out C.have been sold out D.are selling
18.Professor Andy will give us a lecture on the western culture, but when and where ________ yet.
A.hasn’t been decided B.didn’t decided C.isn’t being decided D.aren’t decide
19.—How many Chinese astronauts(航天员)________ into space since 2003
—Twelve, including two women.
A.were sent B.sent C.have been sent D.have sent
20.The construction of the two new railway lines ________ by now.
A.has completed B.have completed C.have been completed D.has been completed
21.The peaches in this village are very delicious. So far, they ________ .
A.sell out B.sold out C.have been sold out D.have sold out
22.Many books on science _____ since I went to college.
A.were bought B.have been bought
C.will be bought D.are bought
23.Eighty percent of the money ________ spent recycling the rubbish.
A.has B.have C.has been D.have been
24.—Can you sing this English song
—Of course, I can. It ______ many times on the radio.
A.taught B.has taught
C.is taught D.has been taught
25.Some eggs and a glass of milk ____ the Frenchman.
A.have been brought to B.has been brought to
C.have been brought D.has been brought
26.These pieces of paper ________ on yet.
A.have not written B.have not been written C.has not written
27.The novel Three-Body Problem has been ________ different languages over these years.
A.put into B.poured into C.turned into D.translated into
28.—The pupils ________ useful advice during the past two years.
—It’s lucky to have good teachers with them.
A.were given B.have given C.have been given
29.—Mum, can you tell me the story The Lion King
—Oh, Tom, the story ________ many times. How about another one
A.has been told B.has told C.tells
30.—What happened in that new area
—New houses ________ recently over there.
A.are built B.build C.have built D.have been built
31.— It’s said that iQIYI Land ________ in Yangzhou since March, 2025.
— Really It will become a new popular attraction in our hometown.
A.has built B.were built C.will be built D.has been built
32.Neither the labs nor the hall ________ cleaned.
A.has B.has been C.have D.have been
33.—Have you moved into your new house, Tom
—No. It ______ yet.
A.hasn’t painted B.wasn’t painting C.hasn’t been painted D.wasn’t painted
34.Neither the labs nor the hall ________ cleaned.
A.has B.has been C.have D.have been
35.Many trees ________ to protect the environment so far.
A.have planted B.are planted C.were planted D.have been planted
36.AI robots ________ in Anhui’s factories since 2023 to improve production efficiency.
A.use B.used C.have used D.have been used
37.So far, 5G networks ________ in over 100 countries, improving speeds and reducing latency (延迟).
A.are introduced B.were introduced C.have introduced D.have been introduced
38.—Any latest news about the wildfires
—As the report goes, around 30,000 people ________ to leave their homes since last Sunday.
A.were told B.have told C.have been told D.had been told
39.All the skirts ________. They ________ very well.
A.sold out; are sold B.have been sold out; sell C.have sold out; sell
40.The Chinese Spring Festival ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity since 2024.
A.includes B.is included C.has included D.has been included
41.The Spring Festival ________ in China since thousands of years ago.
A.was celebrated B.has been celebrated C.has celebrated D.is celebrating
42.—Quite a few laws and rules on food safety ________ into use since last month.
—Can you tell me what they are
A.put B.have been put C.were put D.were putting
43.In recent years, drones __________ to deliver parcels.
A.are used B.were used C.have been used D.had been used
44.No wonder this room looks larger. Some furniture ________ to the next room.
A.move B.moved C.has been moved D.will move
45.The China International Import Exhibition ________ for three times in Shanghai.
A.is held B.was held C.will be held D.has been held
46.—Your room is so dirty, Henry.
—Sorry, Mom. It ________ for weeks because of the final exam.
A.didn’t clean B.hadn’t cleaned C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned
47.— Can I borrow your dictionary
— Sorry, it ________ to Lily.
A.lent B.has lent C.has been lent D.is lent
48.Recently, traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular, and many health-improving drinks ________ to the market.
A.introduce B.introduced C.have been introduced
49.New energy cars have ________ to cut down air pollution for the environment.
A.invent B.invented C.been invented D.inventing
50.The book ________ into many languages since it came out.
A.has translated B.has been translated C.is translated D.was translated
51.Although both sides have made a lot of effort, the differences are too great and no agreement ________ so far.
A.was reached B.is reached C.will be reached D.has been reached
52.In the past few years, lots of buildings ________ in this city.
A.have built B.are building C.have been built D.will build
53.The factory has ________ since last October.
A.opened B.been closed C.been opened D.closed
54.Thanks to the effort of lots of people, more and more national treasures ________ back to China since 2019.
A.were brought B.brought C.have been brought D.have brought
55.3D printing (打印) technology ______ in people’s daily life these days.
A.has used B.used C.has been used D.was used
56.—What’s new on Weibo
—An AI system. It ________ to help missing children in the past few years.
A.was used B.is used C.will be used D.has been used
57.A lot of invitations have ________ by his parents recently.
A.sent B.been sent C.send D.sending
58.By now, tons of robots ________ to help the farmers with heavy work.
A.are produced B.were produced
C.will be produced D.have been produced
59.Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times.
A.will be performed B.were performed C.are being performed D.have been performed
60.—Have you ever been to Jiuzhaigou Valley
—Yes. It’s a very fantastic place. And it ________ as World Natural Heritage.
A.lists B.has listed C.has been listed D.is listed
61.Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years.
A.will be made B.was made C.has been made D.is made
62.—It is reported that two-thirds of the water in this village ________ polluted.
—Yeah, I know. Although every means ________ tried to solve the problem, all turn out to be useless.
A.are; have been B.is; have been C.is; has been D.are; has been
63.30 percent of the money________ spent recycling rubbish.
A.has B.has been C.have D.have been
64.Take the paper with you. The details we should pay attention to ________ on it already.
A.writing B.being written C.written D.have been written
65.—The pupils ________ useful advice during the past two years.
—It’s lucky to have good teachers with them.
A.gave B.were given C.have given D.have been given
66.Since she won the match, she ________ as one of the best tennis players in the world.
A.is recognized B.was recognized C.has been recognized D.will be recognized
67.Different reading spaces ________ in my neighbourhood recently to improve people’s reading environments.
A.have created B.have been created C.created D.were created
68.—Let’s go to Happy House to have a big dinner this evening.
—It ________ for about three months. Why not go to Green Space instead
A.closes B.has closed C.will close D.has been closed
69.—Why do you want to be a doctor
—Because lots of touching news about them ________ these days.
A.has been reported B.is reporting C.is reported D.has reported
70.—Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
—I’m not sure. Because I ________ so far.
A.have invited B.wasn’t invited
C.will be invited D.haven’t been invited
71.-—________ the wallet ________ yet
—Yes, I found it on the playground.
A.Will; find B.Has; found
C.Will; be found D.Has; been found
72.His name ________ down yet.
A.have not written B.have not been written
C.has not written D.has not been written
73.—Do you have any new findings in the study
—Yes. 10,000 students ________, and 90% of them would like to try the new method of learning.
A.were being surveyed B.have been surveyed
C.have surveyed D.were surveying
74.People who ________ to the party are very excited.
A.have invited B.has been invited C.will invite D.have been invited
75.—Would you like to play football with us
—Sorry, my homework ________ yet.
A.hasn’t finished B.isn’t finished C.hasn’t been finished
76.So far, most of the things ________ by the workers. They will finish all of them soon.
A.have done B.have been done C.did D.was done
77.—The air here is much fresher than before.
—Exactly! A lot of trees ________ in the past few years.
A.planted B.are planted C.were planted D.have been planted
78.All the difficulties of the work ________ already. We can move to the next step.
A.will be overcome B.have been overcome C.were overcome
79.Paper ________ the fibres of plants for many years.
A.was made into B.have been made out of
C.made up of D.has been made from
80.This machine is very easy ________. Hundreds of workers ________ for this in the past two months.
A.to operate; have been trained B.to operate; were trained
C.to be operated; have been trained D.to be operated; were trained
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参考答案及试题解析
1.C
【解析】句意:--连接这两座城市的铁路什么时候开通?--明年才开通。这段铁路只修了三分之二。
until 直到……时候;根据句意可知,直到明年铁路才能开通,因此应该用否定形式not until,直到……时候,才……;第二个空前的主语是two thirds,意思是三分之二的铁路,railway是单数形式,故动词也应该用单数,故选C。
2.A
【解析】考查情景交际和时态。“明天我能和你一起出去吗?”“到那时,你的工作已经做完的话。”job和finish之间是动宾关系,应该用被动,排除B、D;by then“到那时”,与完成时连用。故选A。
3.C
【解析】句意:我把自行车停在大楼后面,但现在不见了。它一定是被人偷了。
考查被动语态。may be stolen可能被偷;must be stolen一定被偷;must have been stolen一定被偷了;must have stolen一定偷了。句中“it”指代前文的“my bike”,与谓语动词steal之间是被动关系,用被动语态be done的结构,排除D选项。根据“but now it is gone”,可知,此处用情态动词must表示肯定的推测,排除A选项。“自行车被偷”对现在造成的影响是“它不见了”,所以要用现在完成被动语态have/ has been done的结构,故选C。
4.D
【解析】句意:过去十年里,许多漫画书已经被改编成动画片。
考查短语辨析、时态和语态。be made in“制造于”,后接地点;be made into“被改编为”。根据“Many comic books ... cartoons”可知此处表示被改编为动画片,结合“in the past 10 years”可知用现在完成时。故选D。
5.C
【解析】句意:这些杂志已经在图书馆里保存了很长时间了。
考查被动语态。分析题干可知,动词keep和主语magazines之间是被动关系,结合“for a long time”可知,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
6.D
【解析】本题主要考查被动语态,根据时间状语By the first day of August, 2007要用过去完成时,主语是动作的承受者,故用被动语态故选D
7.D
【解析】句意:剩下的鱼已经卖完了。
考查动词的时态及语态。根据“The rest of the fish … out.”可知,句子为现在完成时,表示剩下的鱼“已经被卖光”了,结构为主语+have/has+动词的过去分词;又根据“The rest of the fish”为复数概念,助动词应用have;此处为被动语态,指“鱼被卖光”,be sold out“被卖光”。故选D。
8.D
【解析】句意:许多漫画书在过去40年里被改编成卡通片。
考查动词时态和语态辨析。make制作,动词原形;are made一般现在时的被动语态;have make现在完成时;have been made现在完成时的被动语态。根据“in the past 40 years”可知,时间状语表示从过去持续到现在,且主语与动词构成被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
9.B
【解析】句意:那扇窗户已经好几个星期没被清洁过了。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“The window...for weeks.”可知,for weeks提示句子用现在完成时,且主语“window”和动词“clean”之间是被动关系,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”。故选B。
10.D
【解析】句意:我喜欢这些英文歌曲,它们已经在收音机里播放过很多次了。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“they…many times on the radio.”可知,是这些歌曲“已经被播放”很多次了,应该使用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
11.C
【解析】试题分析:句意:到目前为止,人类已经登上了月球。So far 引导的句型,一般用现在完成时,本句也是被动语态。故选C。
考点:考查时态和语态。
12.B
【解析】句意:纸币已经使用了一千多年。
考查时态、语态和动词辨析。use使用;repair修理。根据“Paper money...for over a thousand years”可知是使用纸币,主语和谓语是被动关系,又根据“for over a thousand years.”可知此处是现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”,主语是Paper money,助动词用has。故选B。
13.B
【解析】句意:在最近三年里许多高大的建筑在他的家乡建立起来。
主语和动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态:be +动词过去分词。in the last three years.在过去的三年里,是现在完成时的时间状语。所以该句用被动语态的现在完成时态:have/has+been+动词过去分词,主语是复数,故选B。
【点睛】被动语态中主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。被动语态由“系动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。其时态变化体现在系动词be上。如该题中首先根据主语和动词之间的关系判断应该用被动语态,然后根据时间状语可知用现在完成时,所以结构为:have/has+been+动词过去分词,主语是复数,故选B。
14.C
【解析】句意:——莉莉,这个周六你参加詹尼的生日派对吗?——我不确定。因为目前为止我还没有被邀请。
考查时态和语态。根据“so far”可知,时态用现在完成时,排除B和D;主语“I”与invite是被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态have been done,否定为haven’t been done。故选C。
15.D
【解析】句意:White小姐说她在商店里看到了一些漂亮的外套。考查动词短语辨析。show sb. sth.给某人看某物,同义表达是show sth. to sb.(展示某物给某人)。根据句意语境,本句是show sb. sth.结构,故选D。
16.A
【解析】句意:他已经被他的父亲深深影响。influenced被影响;influence影响;affect影响;effect影响。根据by his father可知此处表示被动,故用过去分词,故选A。
17.C
【解析】句意:对不起,所有的蔬菜都卖完了,请明天再来。“蔬菜”与“卖”之间是被动的关系,蔬菜已经卖完要用现在完成时态来表达,综合起来,此句是现在完成时态的被动语态,故答案为C。
18.A
【解析】句意:Andy教授要给我们做一个关于西方文化的讲座,但时间和地点还没有定下来。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“Professor Andy will give us a lecture on the western culture, but when and where...yet.”可知,讲座的时间和地点还没有被决定下来,此处应用被动语态“be done”,“yet”提示空处所在的句子用现在完成时,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”。故选A。
19.C
【解析】句意:——自从2003年以来,有多少中国宇航员进入了太空?——12个,包括两个女宇航员。
考查语态。根据“ since 2003”可知,句子用现在完成时,主语“Chinese astronauts”与动词之间是被动关系,句子要用被动语态,所以该句用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为have/has been done。故选C。
20.D
【解析】句意:到目前为止,两条新铁路线的建设已经完成。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“The construction of the two new railway lines...by now.”可知,by now“到目前为止”提示句子用现在完成时,主语“construction”和动词“complete”之间是被动关系,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”,故排除选项A和B;主语是“construction”,助动词应用has,所以空处应是has been completed。故选D。
21.C
【解析】句意:这个村子的桃子非常好吃,到目前为止,它们已被卖完了。
考查被动语态。sell out卖完,售完,动词短语。由句中的“so far”可知,这句话应用现在完成时;并且根据句意,主语they与动词构成被动关系,应为被动语态,故选C。
22.B
【解析】句意:自从我上大学以来,许多关于科学的书都买了下来。考查动词时态和被动语态。主语books是动词buy的受动者,需用被动语态,即be+过去分词结构。since I went to college自从我上大学以来,since引导的时间状语从句多用于现在完成时,根据句意语境,可知选B。
23.C
【解析】句意:百分之八十的钱都花在回收垃圾上了。
考查主谓一致和被动语态。分数或百分数+of+名词作主语,单数意义;money (钱)是不可数名词,是动词spend(花费)的受动者,需用“has done”被动语态结构,故选C。
24.D
【解析】句意:——你能用英语唱这首歌吗?——当然可以。收音机里已经教过很多次了。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句中“many times”体现为现在完成时,主语it是动作teach的承受者,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
25.A
【解析】句意:一些鸡蛋和一杯牛奶已经给法国人带来了。考查被动语态和动词短语。主语Some eggs and a glass of milk是复数人称,不可用has,可排除BD。bring sth. to sb.带某物给某人,固定短语,sb.是介词to的宾语,不可省略to。根据句意语境,可知选A。
点睛:上面几个题目主要考查短语动词的被动语态。需注意以下两点:1.“动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词,变成被动语态时,要把它们作为整体看待,介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉;2. “动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词,变成变动语态时,要把它们作为一个整体看待;3. “动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动动词,变被动语态时,既可将短语动词后的宾语作为被动句的主语,也可将短语动词中的名词作为被动句的主语。
26.B
【解析】句意:这些纸还没有写过。
考查被动语态。分析题干可知,主语和动词write之间是被动关系,结合“yet”可知,应用现在完成时的被动语态结构,故选B。
27.D
【解析】句意:《三体》这本小说这些年来已被翻译成多种语言。
考查动词短语词义辨析。put into投入;poured into倾注于;turned into变成;translated into翻译成。根据“different languages ”可知,小说被“翻译成”多种语言,符合translated into的含义。故选D。
28.C
【解析】句意:——在过去的两年里,学生们获得了有用的建议。——他们有好老师相伴真是幸运。
考查时态和被动语态。根据“during the past two years”可知,该句时态应为现在完成时,同时,主语“The pupils”与谓语“give”之间为被动关系,即“学生被给予建议”,因此需用被动语态,其结构为be+动词过去分词。故选C。
29.A
【解析】句意:——妈妈,你能给我讲《狮子王》的故事吗?——哦,汤姆,这个故事已经讲过很多次了。换一个怎么样?
考查动词时态和语态。has been told现在完成时的被动语态;has told现在完成时的主动语态;tells一般现在时的主动语态。根据“ How about another one”可知,询问另一个故事如何,所以是《狮子王》这个故事已经被讲了很多遍,使用现在完成时的被动语态,谓语结构是have been done,主语是story,使用has,told动词过去式,故选A。
30.D
【解析】句意:——那个新区域发生了什么事?——最近那里新建了一些房子。
考查时态和语态。根据“recently”可知,句子用现在完成时;且主语“New house”与动词“build”之间是被动语态,因此用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”。故选D。
31.D
【解析】句意:——据说爱奇艺乐园自2025年3月起已在扬州开建。——真的吗?它将成为我们家乡的新热门景点。
考查现在完成时被动语态。根据“since March, 2025”可知,句子用现在完成时,iQIYI Land与build之间是被动关系,用被动语态。故选D。
32.B
【解析】句意:实验室和大厅都还没被打扫。
考查现在完成时态的被动语态。“neither...nor...”作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,靠近谓语的“the hall”是单数,所以谓语动词用单数,排除C、D;the hall与clean之间是被动关系,所以用“has + been + done”结构。故选B。
33.C
【解析】句意:——汤姆,你已经搬到新房子里去了吗? ——没有。它还没有被粉刷。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“yet”可知,该句时态为现在完成时,其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。又因为主语“It”和动词“paint”之间是被动关系,即房子是被粉刷的,所以要用被动语态。故选C。
34.B
【解析】句意:实验室和大厅都没有被打扫。
考查主谓一致和被动语态。主语和动词clean之间是被动关系,此处应用被动语态结构:be done,排除A、C;“Neither A nor B”遵循就近原则,动词的单复数由靠近动词的名词决定,这里hall作主语,助动词用has。故选B。
35.D
【解析】句意:到目前为止,已经种了许多树来保护环境。
考查时态和语态。根据so far可知,此句时态是现在完成时,trees与plant之间是动宾关系,因此用被动语态。故选D。
36.D
【解析】句意:自2023年以来,人工智能机器人已被用于安徽的工厂,以提高生产效率。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据since 2023可知,空处应用现在完成时;主语AI robots和动词use之间是被动关系,所以空处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
37.D
【解析】句意:到目前为止,5G 网络已在100 多个国家被引入,提升了速度并降低了延迟。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。are introduced被引入,一般现在时的被动语态 ;were introduced被引入,一般过去时的被动语态;have introduced已经引入,现在完成时的主动语态;have been introduced已经被引入,现在完成时的被动语态。根据“So far”可知,句子时态应用现在完成时,且“5G networks(5G网络)”和“引入”之间是被动关系,即5G网络是被引入的,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
38.C
【解析】句意:——有关于野火的最新消息吗?——据报道,自上周日以来,约有3万人被告知离开家园。
考查被动语态。根据“As the report goes, around 30,000 people …to leave their homes since last Sunday.”可知,主语people和动词tell为被动关系,且时态为现在完成时,应用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为have/has been done。故选C。
39.B
【解析】句意:所有的裙子都卖完了。它们卖得很好。
考查被动语态。根据“All the skirts …. They …very well.”可知,第一空是指裙子被卖完了,且时态为现在完成时,因此为现在完成时的被动语态,其结构为have been done;第二空描述“裙子卖得好”,主语是物,动词sell为不及物动词,习惯上用主动表被动。故选B。
40.D
【解析】句意:自2024年起,中国春节已被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“The Chinese Spring Festival”和动词include是被动关系,结合时间状语“since 2024”可知,此句用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为have/has been done。故选D。
41.B
【解析】句意:春节自从数千年前在中国就开始被庆祝了。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。主语“The Spring Festival”和谓语动词“celebrate”之间是动宾关系,所以应用被动语态;再根据时间状语“since thousands of years ago”可知,句子时态是现在完成时;现在完成时的被动语态结构为“have/has+been+动词的过去分词”,主语“The Spring Festival”为单数概念,所以助动词用has,celebrate的过去分词是celebrated。综上可知,句子应用现在完成时的被动语态,即has been celebrated。故选B。
42.B
【解析】句意:——自上个月以来,相当多的食品安全法律法规已经被实施。——你能告诉我它们是什么吗?
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“since last month”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,且“laws and rules”与“put into use”是被动关系,所以要用现在完成时的被动语态“have been put”。故选B。
43.C
【解析】句意:近年来,无人机已被用于递送包裹。
考查现在完成时态的被动语态。根据“in recent years”可知,该句为现在完成时;又分析句子可知,句子主语“drones”与“use”之间为被动关系,因此该句应用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been+动词过去分词”,主语为复数,助动词用have,故选C。
44.C
【解析】句意:怪不得这间屋子看上去更大。有些家具被搬到隔壁房间去了。
考查现在完成时态。move搬走,一般现在时;moved搬走,一般过去时;has been moved已经搬走,现在完成时的被动语态;will move将要搬走,一般将来时。根据“No wonder this room looks larger. Some furniture...to the next room.”可知,此处应该表示有些家具已经被搬到隔壁房间了,用现在完成时态的被动语态。故选C。
45.D
【解析】句意:中国国际进口博览会已在上海举办了三届。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“for three times”可知,是已经举办三次,动作发生在过去且对现在有影响,强调完成性,需用现在完成时,且主语和动词之间是被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为have/has been done。故选D。
46.D
【解析】句意:——亨利,你的房间太脏了。——对不起,妈妈。因为期末考试,它已经好几周没打扫了。
考查动词时态及语态辨析。didn’t clean一般过去时;had’t cleaned过去完成时;wasn’t cleaned一般过去时被动语态;hasn’t been cleaned现在完成时被动语态。for weeks表明从过去到现在的一段时间,房间一直没被打扫。需用现在完成时被动语态。故选D。
47.C
【解析】句意:——我能借你的字典吗?——抱歉,它已经被借给莉莉了。
考查动词时态及语态。主语it指代dictionary,与动词lend之间是动宾关系,需用被动语态,故排除A和B;Sorry表示“抱歉”,即字典已经借给别人,不能再借,即表示过去的动作对现在的影响,需用现在完成时,即此处用现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been done)。故选C。
48.C
【解析】句意:最近,传统中药越来越受欢迎,许多保健饮品已经被引入市场。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。introduce引入;introduced被引入;have been introduced已经被引入。根据“Recently”和“many health-improving drinks”可知,该句为现在完成时,且主语与动词之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
49.C
【解析】句意:新能源汽车的发明是为了减少对环境的空气污染。
考查语态。主语New energy cars与谓语动词invent之间是被动关系,根据have可知,时态为现在完成时,谓语动词结构为have been done。故选C。
50.B
【解析】句意:这本书自从出版以来已被翻译成多种语言。
考查动词时态及被动语态。根据“since it came out” 可知,句子时态为现在完成时,book是translate的承受者,要用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为have/has been + 动词过去分词,The book是单数,助动词用has,translate的过去分词是translated,故选B。
51.D
【解析】句意:虽然双方都做了很多努力,但分歧太大,到目前为止尚未达成协议。
考查动词时态和被动语态。由下文“so far.”和句意可知,so far表示到目前为止,是现在完成时的标志,agreement是动作reach的承受者,要用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
52.C
【解析】句意:过去几年里,这座城市建了许多楼房。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“In the past few years”可知,动作发生在过去并持续到现在,用现在完成时,且“buildings”与“build”之间是被动关系,需用“have been built”表示“已被建造”。故选C。
53.B
【解析】句意:这家工厂自去年十月以来一直关闭。
考查现在完成时和被动语态的用法。opened打开;been closed关闭的;been opened被打开;closed关闭。句子中的“since last October”表示从过去某个时间点持续到现在,因此需要使用现在完成时。同时,工厂是被关闭的,所以需要使用被动语态。故选B。
54.C
【解析】句意:多亏许多人的努力,自2019年以来,越来越多的国宝被带回中国。
考查时态和被动语态。句中的时间状语“since 2019”,表示从过去某一时间点持续到现在的动作或状态,因此需要使用现在完成时。主语“national treasures”是动作的承受者,因此要用被动语态。故选C。
55.C
【解析】句意:如今3D打印技术已经用于人们的日常生活。
考查时态及语态。根据“these days”可知,该技术在过去某个时间点开始被使用并持续至今,故使用现在完成时态,其结构为have/has done,主语3D printing (打印) technology与选项核心词use之间为被动关系,故需现在完成时的被动语态,其结构为have/has been done,主语为单数,助动词用has,故选C。
56.D
【解析】句意:——微博上有什么新鲜事?——一个人工智能系统。在过去的几年里,它一直被用来帮助失踪儿童。
考查被动语态。was used是一般过去时的被动语态;is used是一般现在时的被动语态;will be used是一般将来时的被动语态;has been used是现在完成时的被动语态。“in the past few years”意为“在过去的几年里”,是现在完成时的时间标志词,结构为“have/has+过去分词”。句中的主语it指代“An AI system”,与动词use之间是被动关系,要用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为“have/has+been+过去分词”。故选D。
57.B
【解析】句意:最近很多邀请函已经被他父母送出。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。主语A lot of invitations与send之间是被动关系,且根据have提示此句为现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为“have/has been + 动词过去分词”。故选B。
58.D
【解析】句意:到目前为止,已经生产了很多机器人来帮助农民完成繁重的工作。
考查现在完成时态的被动语态。主语“tons of robots”和谓语“produce”之间是被动关系,根据“by now”提示应使用现在完成时的被动语态“have been produced”。故选D。
59.D
【解析】句意:莎士比亚的戏剧已经在舞台上演出了100多万次。
考查动词的时态和语态。will be performed将被表演,一般将来时的被动语态;were performed被表演,一般过去时的被动语态;are being performed正在被表演,现在进行时的被动语态;have been performed已经被表演,现在完成时的被动语态。根据题干中的“more than a million times”可知,表示动作发生在过去,强调对现在造成的影响,故使用现在完成时。故选D。
60.C
【解析】句意:——你去过九寨沟吗?——是的。那是一个非常奇妙的地方。它被列为世界自然遗产。
考查时态和语态。主语it指代九寨沟,与动词list之间是动宾冠词,此处表示过去动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been+动词过去分词”,主语为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故选C。
61.C
【解析】句意:在过去的二十年里,计算机研究取得了很大进展。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“in the past twenty years”可知,句子应用现在完成时,表示在过去的时间里已经完成的事对现在有影响,且主语“Great progress”与动词“make”之间是被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态,其结构为:has/have been + 过去分词。故选C。
62.C
【解析】句意:——据报道,这个村庄三分之二的水受到污染。——是的,我知道。尽管已经尝试了各种方法来解决这个问题,但结果都无济于事。
考查动词。第一空,分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词,water是不可数名词,be动词用is;第二空,every means 作为主语时,谓语动词应该使用单数形式,助动词用has。故选C。
63.B
【解析】句意:百分之三十的钱都花在回收垃圾上了。
考查主谓一致和被动语态。根据“30 percent of the money…spent recycling rubbish.”可知,money与spend之间是被动关系,此处要用现在完成时的被动语态,其结构为:have/has+been+过去分词;分数或百分数+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词和其名词保持一致,因为money是不可数名词,所以用has。故选B。
64.D
【解析】句意:随身带上纸。我们应该注意的细节已经写在上面了。
考查动词时态和被动语态。根据“already”可知,本句时态为现在完成时,主语“The details”是动作write“写”的承受者,应用现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been done。故选D。
65.D
【解析】句意:——在过去的两年里,学生们得到了有益的建议。——有好老师和他们在一起真是幸运。
考查时态和语态。主语The pupils和谓语give之间是被动关系,根据“during the past two years”可知此处用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done。故选D。
66.C
【解析】句意:自从她赢得这场比赛以来,她就被公认为是世界上最好的网球运动员之一。
考查时态语态。根据“Since she won the match,”可知,本句应使用现在完成时,再根据句意可知,主语和谓语之间是被动关系。故选C。
67.B
【解析】句意:最近,为了改善人们的阅读环境,我所在的社区创建了不同的阅读空间。
考查时态和语态。主语Different reading spaces和谓语create之间是被动关系,根据“recently”可知句子用现在完成时的被动语态have/has done。故选B。
68.D
【解析】句意:——今晚我们去“快乐屋”吃顿大餐吧。——它三个月前就关门了。为什么不去“绿色空间”呢?
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“for about three months”可知,此句为现在完成时态;主语“It”与动词close之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态。故选D。
69.A
【解析】句意:——你为什么想成为一名医生? ——因为最近报道了很多关于他们的感人新闻。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,句子主语“lots of touching news”与动词report之间是被动关系,所以句中应用被动语态;再根据“these days”可知,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态,其结构是have/has been+过去分词;主语为第三人称单数,助动词用has,report的过去分词为reported。故选A。
70.D
【解析】句意:——丽丽,这周六你会去杰妮的生日聚会吗?——我不确定。因为我到目前为止还没有被邀请。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“Because I...so far.”可知,主语I和动词invite,是被动关系,排除A选项,且时间状语为so far,应用现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在产生影响,空处应用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been+过去分词,主语是I,助动词用have。故选D。
71.D
【解析】句意:——这个钱包找到了吗?——是的,我在操场上找到的。
考查时态和语态。根据“Yes, I found it on the playground.”可知,钱包已经被找到了,且回答用了一般过去时,所以问句应该用现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。其结构是have/has+done。the wallet和find之间是被动关系,用被动语态。所以第一个空用has,第二个空用been found。故选D。
72.D
【解析】句意:他的名字还没写。
考查动词的语态。主语“His name”和动词“write”之间是被动关系,因此应用被动语态“主语+be+done”,排除选项A和C;主语是单数,因此助动词用“has”。故选D。
73.B
【解析】句意:——你在研究中有什么新发现吗?——是的,已经调查了1万名学生,其中90%的人想尝试新的学习方法。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“students”和“survey”的关系可知,此处指“学生被调查”,所以为被动语态;根据“Yes”可知,空处表达”已经被调查”,用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
74.D
【解析】句意:被邀请来参加聚会的人们都非常兴奋。
考查现在完成时态的被动语态。分析句子可知,定语从句中主语who和谓语动词invite是被动关系,可排除AC选项;又因who指代people,可排除B。故选D。
75.C
【解析】句意:——你愿意和我们一起踢足球吗?——对不起,我的作业还没做完。
考查动词时态。根据“Sorry, my homework…yet”可知是指过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,需用现在完成时,主语“homework”与“完成”之间存在被动关系,需用结构be done。故选C。
76.B
【解析】句意:到目前为止,大部分事情已经被工人做了。他们很快就要完成所有得。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“so far”可知,此句应用现在完成时,且主语“most of the things”和谓语“do”之间是被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
77.D
【解析】句意:——这里的空气比以前新鲜多了。——没错!在过去的几年里种了很多树。
考查动词时态及语态。主语trees与动词plant构成被动关系,需用被动语态;根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知,应使用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为“have/has been done”。故选D。
78.B
【解析】句意:工作中的所有困难都已经克服了。我们可以进入下一步了。
考查时态。根据“already”可知,此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,表示困难已经被克服了,用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done。故选B。
79.D
【解析】句意:用植物纤维造纸已经有很多年了。
考查被动语态和动词短语。be made into被制成;be made out of由……制成;make up of由……组成;be made from由……制成。根据“for many years”可知时态为现在完成时,主语“Paper”和动词之间构成被动关系,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has be done”,Paper是不可数名词,助动词应用has,故选D。
80.A
【解析】句意:这台机器很容易操作。在过去的两个月里,数百名工人接受了这方面的培训。
考查非谓语动词和时态语态。第一句主语machine是operate的逻辑宾语,且easy表示主语的特征,所以此处应用“主语+be+形容词+to do”结构,第一空选填to operate;根据“in the past two months”可知,时态为现在完成时,结合主语workers为谓语动词train的动作承受者,所以第二空用现在完成时的被动语态结构。故选A。
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