2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列（译林牛津版）──专题13特殊句式

2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题13特殊句式
知识精讲(学生版)
英语中，为了行文的需要、表达的生动或是为
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了表达的简洁，人们在表达时往往会使用特别结构的句子，这就是所谓的特殊句式。英语中的特殊句式比较庞杂，但是根据历年来的高考试题看，对特殊句式的考查主要涉及：倒装句、强调句、省略句和反意疑问句，偶尔也会涉及到祈使句和感叹句。本专题择其重点讲前面四类特殊句式。
倒装句
英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”，如果将谓语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的一部分或全部放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装。倒装既是一种语法手段，也是一种修辞手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。
倒装句的基本用法
1.倒装的原因
(1)语法倒装：由于语法结构的需要，将谓语的全部或一部分移到主语之前。
①在疑问句中一般用倒装语序
Is
this
your
mobile
phone
number？这是你的手机号码吗？(一般疑问句)
Does
Jack
like
to
eat
fish.杰克喜欢吃鱼吗？(一般疑问句)
Bobbie
seldom
got
drunk,
did
he.博比很少喝醉，是吗？(反意疑问句)
You
had
a
wonderful
time
last
night,
didn’t
you.昨天晚上你玩得很愉快，是吗？(反意疑问句)
When
will
they
go
to
the
Great
Wall.他们什么时候去长城？(特殊疑问句)
②以引导词there引起的陈述句
There
was
nobody
in
the
room.房间里没有人。
③某些虚拟语气和祝愿的句子
Were
I
a
bird,
I
could
fly
freely.
假如我是一只小鸟，我就能自由翱翔。
Had
I
known
it
earlie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r,
I
wouldn’t
have
lent
him
the
money.要是我早知道这件事，我就不会把钱借给他了。
Long
live
peace!和平万岁！
May
our
friendship
be
ever
lasting!愿我们的友谊长存！
④直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时
You
should
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
have
been
here
five
minutes
ago,
said
the
teacher.
老师说：“你5分钟之前就该来了。”
“Douglas,
”said
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
teacher,
“do
be
careful
next
time.”“道格拉斯，”老师说道，“下次一定要小心。”
(2)修辞倒装：为了突出重要的内容，或为了生动地描写动作，人们往往采用修辞倒装。
①为了强调
Never
before
have
we
seen
such
a
sight.以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
learn
English
well.只有用这种方法，我们才能学好英语。
Selfish
does
our
life
make
us
students.是生活把我们学生变得如此自私的。
②为了生动流畅
Up
went
the
rocket
into
the
sky.嗖的一声火箭上了天。
Before
us
lay
a
lot
of
difficulties.我们面前有很多困难。
Happy
are
those
who
are
contented.知足者常乐。
Next
came
a
man
in
his
forties.紧接着进来一个四十多岁的男人。
Long
did
we
wait
before
hearing
from
her.我们等了很久才收到她的信。
③一些句型的固定用法
Such
were
his
last
words.他最后的话就是这样的。
Hardly
had
I
got
home
when
the
telephone
rang.我一到家，电话就响了。
How
came
it
that
she
knew
the
secret.她怎么会知道那个秘密的？
2.倒装的种类
英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这叫做部分倒装。
(1)完全倒装
完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。
On
her
left
sat
her
husband.她左边坐着她丈夫。
Here
is
the
book
you
want.你要的书在这儿。
Down
went
the
small
boat.小船沉下去了。
(2)部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前。
Only
by
working
hard
can
one
succeed.只有努力才能成功。
Never
have
I
seen
her
before.
我以前没见过她。
Well
do
I
remember
the
day
I
joined
the
League.入团的那一天，我记忆犹新。
Little
did
I
think
that
he
could
be
back
alive
我没有想到他竟能活着回来。
倒装句的重点点击
1.常见部分倒装结构
▲含有否定意义的否定词或半否定词包
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )括短语(如never,
neither,
nor,
little,
seldom,
rarely,
hardly,
scarcely,
few,
not,
no
,
by
no
means,
in
no
way,
at
no
time等)放在句首时
①Little
_______
about
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
own
safety,
though
she
was
in
great
danger
herself.
A.
did
Rose
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
B.
Rose
did
care
C.
Rose
does
care
D.
does
Rose
care
【答案与解析】
②We
laugh
at
jokes,
but
seldom
_______
about
how
they
work.
A.
we
think
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
think
we
C.
we
do
think
D.
do
we
think
【答案与解析】
③The
headmaster
wil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
not
permit
the
change
in
the
course,
nor
_______
it
a
thought.
A.
does
he
even
giv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
B.
he
even
gives
C.
will
he
even
give
D.
he
will
even
given
【答案与解析】
④“Never
for
a
sec
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ond
,”the
boy
says,
“_______
that
my
father
would
come
to
my
rescue.”
A.
I
doubted
B.
do
I
doubt
C.
I
have
doubted
D.
did
I
doubt
【答案与解析】
⑤Not
once
_______
to
Michael
that
he
could
one
day
become
a
top
student
in
his
class.
A.
occurred
it
B.
it
did
occur
C.
it
occurred
D.
did
it
occur
【答案与解析】
⑥At
no
time
_______
the
rules
of
the
game.
It
was
unfair
to
punish
them.
A.
they
actually
broke
B.
do
they
actually
break
B.
did
they
actually
break
D.
they
had
actually
broken
【答案与解析】
▲表示“刚/一……就……”的句型
①No
sooner
_______
stepped
on
the
stage
than
the
audience
broke
into
thunderous
applause.
A.
had
Mo
Yan
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
Mo
Yan
had
C.
has
Mo
Yan
D.
Mo
Yan
has
【答案与解析】
②_______
had
Mike
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icked
up
the
ball
_______
another
player
took
it
from
him.
A.
Hardly;
when
B.
Not;
until
C.
No
sooner;
when
D.
Not
until;
when
【答案与解析】
③_______
asleep
_______
a
knock
at
the
door
awakened
her．
A.
Scarcely
had
she
fallen;
than
B.
No
sooner
did
she
fall;
than
C.
Hardly
she
had;
when
D.
Scarcely
had
she
fallen;
when
【答案与解析】
▲副词only
+状语(从句)放在句首时
①Only
with
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
greatest
of
luck
_______
to
escape
from
the
rising
flood
waters.
A.
managed
she
B.
she
managed
C.
did
she
manage
D.
she
did
manage
【答案与解析】
②Only
by
increasing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
number
of
doctors
by
50
percent
_______
properly
in
this
hospital.
A.
can
be
the
patien
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts
treated
B.
can
the
patients
be
treated
C.
the
patients
can
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
treated
D.
treated
can
be
the
patients
【答案与解析】
③Only
when
he
reac
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hed
the
tea-house
_______
it
was
the
same
place
he’d
been
in
last
year.
A.
he
realized
B.
he
did
realize
C.
realized
he
D.
did
he
realize
【答案与解析】
④Only
after
they
had
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
discussed
the
matter
for
a
few
hours
_______
a
decision
A.
they
reached
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
did
they
reach
C.
they
reach
D.
do
they
reach
【答案与解析】
▲“so...that...和“such...that...”结构中的so或such位于句首时
①_______
is
the
po
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wer
of
TV
that
it
can
make
a
person
suddenly
famous.
A.
Such
B.
This
C.
That
D.
So
【答案与解析】
②So
sudden
_______
that
the
enemy
had
no
time
to
escape.
A.
did
the
attack
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
the
attack
did
C.
was
the
attack
D.
the
attack
was

【答案与解析】
▲“not
only
+
分句,but
also
+
分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装
①The
computer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was
used
in
teaching.
As
a
result,
not
only
_______,
but
students
became
more
interested
in
the
lessons.
A.
saved
was
teachers’
energy
B.
was
teachers’
energy
saved
C.
teachers’
energy
was
saved
D.
was
saved
teachers’
energy
【答案与解析】
②_______
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nurses
want
a
pay
increase,
they
want
reduced
hours
as
well.
A.
Not
do
only
B.
Do
not
only
C.
Only
not
do
D.
Not
only
do
【答案与解析】
注意：not
only...but
also
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )...连接主语时，不倒装。例如：Not
only
the
mother
but
also
the
children
are
sick.
▲not
until+状语(从句)放在句首时
①Not
until
he
left
his
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
home
_______
to
know
how
important
the
family
was
for
him.
A.
did
he
begin
B.
had
he
begun
C.
he
began
D.
he
has
began
【答案与解析】
②_______
I
shouted
at
the
top
of
my
voice
_______
turn
his
head.
A.
Not
until;
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )did
he
　
B.
Not
until;
he
did　
C.
Until;
he
did
not
　
D.
Until;
did
he
not
【答案与解析】
▲as/though引导的让步状语从句(参看本系列专题11状语从句)
①Unsatisfied
_______
with
the
payment,
he
took
the
job
just
to
get
some
work
experience.
A.
though
was
he
B.
though
he
was
C.
he
was
though
D.
was
he
though
【答案与解析】
②Hot
_______
the
ni
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght
air
was,
we
slept
deeply
because
we
were
so
tired
after
the
long
journey.
A.
although
B.
as
C.
while
D.
however
【答案与解析】
▲一些表示频率、方式、程度的副词(如often,
well,
many
a
time,
now
and
again等)位于句首时
Many
a
time
have
I
seen
her
taking
a
walk
alone.
我多次看到她独自一人在散步。
Often
did
she
come
to
my
house
in
the
past.
过去她常到我家来。
Well
do
I
remember
the
day
when
I
joined
the
League.
我对入团的那一天还记忆犹新。
Gladly
would
I
accept
your
proposal.
我很高兴接受你的建议。
▲在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were,
had
和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前构成部分倒装(参看本系列资料的专题08情态动词和虚拟语气)
Should
he
come(=
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )if
he
should
come),
tell
him
to
ring
me
up.如果他来，告诉他让他给我打电话。
Were
I
you(=If
I
were
you),
I
would
not
do
it.如果我是你，我就不做。
Had
I
been
free(If
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I
had
been
free),
I
would
have
visited
you.如果我有空的话，我就拜访你了。
2.常见完全倒装结构
▲There
be结构。另外，在此
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有：exist,
seem,
happen,
appear,
live,
rise,
stand,
remain等
①John
opened
the
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oor.
There
_______
he
had
never
seen
before.
A.
a
girl
did
stand
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
a
girl
stood
C.
did
a
girl
stand
D.
stood
a
girl
【答案与解析】
②_______
a
certain
doubt
among
the
people
as
to
the
practical
value
of
the
project.
A.
It
has
B.
They
have
C.
It
remains
D.
There
remains
【答案与解析】
▲用于here,
there,
now,
thus,
then
+动词+主语的句型中(谓语动词多为be,
go,
come等)
Here
comes
the
bus.
汽车来了。
There
goes
the
bell.
铃响了。
Now
comes
my
turn.
轮到我了。
Then
came
the
order
to
take
off.
起飞的命令到了。
注意：除了then引导的句子用过去
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式以外，其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。例如：Here
you
are.给你。There
she
comes.她走了。
①—Is
everyone
here
—Not
yet.
Look,
there
_______
the
rest
of
our
guests!
A.
come
B.
comes
C.
is
coming
D.
are
coming
【答案与解析】
②For
a
moment
nothing
happened.
Then
_______
all
shouting
together.
A.
voices
had
com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
B.
came
voices
C.
voices
would
come
D.
did
voices
come
【答案与解析】
▲表示方向的副词out,
in,
up,
down等置于句首时
①Hearing
the
dog
barking
fiercely,
away
_______.
A.
fleeing
the
thief
B.
was
fleeing
the
thief
C.
the
thief
was
fleeing
D.
fled
the
thief
【答案与解析】
②_______
and
class
began.
A.
In
came
the
teacher
B.
The
teacher
in
came
C.
In
came
he
D.
Came
in
the
teacher
【答案与解析】
③_______
when
Newton
was
sitting
under
an
apple
tree.
A.
Fell
down
an
apple
B.
Down
an
apple
fell
C.
An
apple
falls
down
D.
Down
fell
an
apple
【答案与解析】
注意：在完全倒装的结构里，如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。例如：Out
she
went.
她走了。Here
we
are.我们到了。
▲表示地点的介词短语(如on
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
wall,
under
the
tree,
in
front
of
the
house,
in
the
middle
of
the
room等)放在句首时
South
of
the
lake
lies
a
big
supermarket.湖泊的南边是一个大超市。
20
miles
east
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our
school
lies
a
modern
swimming
pool.我们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游泳池。
On
the
floor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were
piles
of
old
books,
magazines
and
newspapers.地板上是一堆堆旧的书报杂志。
At
the
meeting
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )place
of
the
Yangtze
River
and
Jialing
River
_______,
one
of
the
largest
cities
in
China.
A.
lies
Chongqing
B.
Chongqing
lies
C.
does
lie
Chongqing
D.
does
Chongqing
lie
【答案与解析】
▲so作“也”讲时，引导的句子用倒装
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：So
+
be(have，助动词或情态动词)+主语。
She
has
been
to
Tokyo.
So
have
I.她去过东京，我也去过。
He
can
send
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
emails
to
his
former
classmates.
So
can
she.他能电子邮件给以前的同学，她也能。
He
went
to
the
film
last
night.
So
did
I.昨天晚上他去看电影了，我也去了。
注意：如果对前面所说的内容加以肯定，那就不用倒装。
—Jack
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )won
the
first
prize
in
the
contest.杰克在比赛中获一等奖。—So
he
did.
确实是的。
—It
is
cold
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )today.今天很冷。—So
it
is
and
so
was
it
yesterday.
确实是很冷，昨天也很冷。
▲Neither/nor引导的句子用倒装语序，用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。
She
won’t
go.
Neither/Nor
will
I.
她不走，我也不。
I
cannot
swim.
Neither
can
he
.
我不会游泳，他也不会。
注意：▲如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It
is
the
same
with
+主语”结构或用“So
it
is
with
+主语”结构。
He
worked
hard,
but
didn’t
pass
the
exam.
So
it
was
with
his
sister.
他很努力，但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。(既有肯定又有否定)
She
is
a
teacher
and
she
enjoys
teaching.
So
it
is
with
Mr
Li.
她是老师，热爱教书。李先生也是这样。(谓语一个是系动词，一个是行为动词)
▲neither/nor+相应的助动词+主语+谓语动词(部分倒装)
The
interviewee
has
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
no
inner
shame
to
show
his
edge
over
others.
_______
the
outer
fear.
A.
As
he
has
B.
So
had
he
C.
Nor
did
he
have
D.
Neither
does
he
have
【答案与解析】
①—Tom
hadn’t
passed
the
exam
and
was
afraid
of
being
scolded.
—_______.
A.
So
Jim
was
B.
So
was
Jim
C.
Neither
had
Jim
D.
It’s
the
same
with
Jim
【答案与解析】
②—If
my
sister
goes
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
watch
the
singing
competition
named
I’m
a
singer
next
time,
_______.
The
competition
is
well
organized.
—_______.
A.
so
do
I;
So
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
it
B.
so
do
I;
So
it
is
C.
so
will
I;
So
is
it
D.
so
will
I;
So
it
is
【答案与解析】
⑦其它形式的完全倒装
Present
at
the
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eting
are
some
well-known
scientists.
一些知名的科学家出席了会议。(形容词短语在句首)
Such
was
the
story
he
told
me.他给我讲的故事就是这样的。(代词在句首)
First
to
unfold
was
the
map
of
the
world.
首先要打开的是世界地图。(不定式短语在句首)
Gone
are
the
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays
when
he
was
looked
down
upon.他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。(过去分词在句首)
Covering
much
of
the
earth’s
surface
is
a
blanket
of
water.
覆盖地球大部分表面的是水。(现在分词短语在句首)
强调句
强调句的基本用法
强调句的两种基本句型
1.It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋原句的剩余部分
被强调的部分可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来等各种时态，用It
is…that…；如果原句谓语动词是过去范畴的各种时态，则用It
was…
that…。如果强调的主语为人也可以用who代替that，强调的宾语为人也可以用who或whom代替that。
▲对主语(从句)的强调
①John’s
success
has
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )othing
to
do
with
good
luck.
It
is
years
of
hard
work
_______
has
made
him
what
he
is
today.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
when
D.
that
【答案与解析】
②It’s
not
what
we
do
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce
in
a
while
_______
shapes
our
lives,
but
what
we
do
consistently.
A
.which
B.
that
C.
how
D.
when
【答案与解析】
▲对宾语(从句)的强调
①—Is
it
height
and
weight
_______
the
interviewer
pays
attention
to
—Absolutely
no
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t.
He
will
consider
_______
important
to
be
experienced
A.
which;
it
B.
that
;
it
C.
which
;
that
D.
that
;
that
【答案与解析】
②I
don’t
mind
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
her
criticizing
me,
but
_______
is
how
she
does
it
that
I
object
to.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
this
D.
which
【答案与解析】
▲对状语(从句)的强调
①—Have
you
seem
the
film
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree
—Of
course,
I
have.
It
was
in
our
village
_______
it
was
made.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
when
D.
which
【答案与解析】
②It
was
80
ye
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars
before
Christopher
Columbus
crossed
the
Atlantic
_______
Zheng
He
sailed
to
East
Africa.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
after
D.
since
【答案与解析】
③It
was
when
we
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
returning
home
_______
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
how
【答案与解析】
④It
was
with
the
hel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p
of
the
local
guide
_______
the
mountain
climber
was
rescued.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
when
D.
how
【答案与解析】
⑤It
was
_______
she
was
injured
in
the
accident
_______
she
didn’t
come
to
the
party
yesterday.
A.
as;
which
B.
because;
that
C
since;
why
D.
for;
how
【答案与解析】
2.谓语动词的强调
It
is/
was
…
that
…结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。有以下情况：
(1)do用于强调肯定的祈使句以及实义动词为一般现在时的肯定句(主语是第三人称单数改用does)
Do
sit
down.务必请坐。
Do
be
careful
when
you
cross
the
street.过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！
They
do
work
hard
at
English.他们对英语的学习确实很努力。
He
does
send
an
email
to
me
every
day.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。
(2)did用于对实义动词为一般过去时肯定句的强调
He
did
do
his
homework
yesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。
强调句的重点点击
1.强调句的变式(一般疑问句形式，特殊疑问句形式和反意疑问句形式)
句式基本特征：Is/Was
it
+被强调部分+
that…；或情态动词+it+
be+被强调部分+
that…
句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was
it
that…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+
that…
句式基本特征：It
is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t
/
wasn’t
it？
①Was
it
in
1969
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
the
American
astronauts
succeeded
_______
landing
on
the
moon

A.
when;
on
B.
that;
on
C.
when;
in
D.
that;
in
【答案与解析】
②Could
it
be
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
the
restaurant
in
_______
you
had
dinner
with
me
yesterday
_______
you
lost
your
handbag
A.
that;
which
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
which;
that
C.
where;
that
D.
that;
where
【答案与解析】
③Was
it
because
Ja
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck
came
late
for
school
_______
Mr.
Smith
got
angry
A.
why
B.
who
C.
where
D.
that
【答案与解析】
④—_______
is
it
_______
has
made
Peter
_______
he
is
today
—Determination.
A.
What;
that;
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
B.
That;
that;
what
C.
What;
what;
that
D.
What;
that;
what
【答案与解析】
⑤It
was
Alice
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
her
boyfriend
who
sent
the
old
man
to
the
hospital,
_______
A.
do
they
B.
didn’t
they
C.
wasn’t
it
D.
was
it
【答案与解析】
2.强调句与其它句型的结合
(1)与名词从句的结合
句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
①I’ve
already
forgotten
_______
you
put
the
dictionary.
A.
that
it
was
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
B.
where
was
it
that
C.
that
where
it
was
D.
where
it
was
that
【答案与解析】
②It
was
at
the
ve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
beginning
_______
Mr.
Fox
made
the
decision
_______
we
should
send
more
firefighters
there.
A.
when;
whi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch
B.
where;
what
C.
then;
so
D.
that;
that
【答案与解析】
(2)与定语从句的结合
句式特征为：在强调句型的被
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。
①It
was
in
the
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mall
house
_______
was
built
with
stones
by
his
father
_______
he
spent
his
childhood.
A.
which;
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
that;
where
C.
which;
which
D.
that;
which
【答案与解析】
②Is
_______
three
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hours
_______
the
boy
_______
family
is
poor
to
come
to
school
on
foot
A.
it;
that;
whose
B.
it;
that
it
takes;
whose
C.
it
for;
that
it
takes;
whose
D.
it;
when;
that;
【答案与解析】
③It
was
1949
_______
the
PRC
was
founded.
It
was
in
the
year
_______
I
was
born.
A.
that,
that
B.
that,
when
C.
when,
that
D.
when,
when
【答案与解析】
(3)与(not)…until句型的结合
句式特征为：It
is/was
until
+被强调部分+that
+延续性动词
It
is/was
not
until+被强调部分+that+短暂性动词
①It
was
_______
las
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
year
_______
he
worked
as
an
English
teacher
at
a
middle
school.
A.
not
until,
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
B.
not
until,
when
C.
until,
that
D.
until,
when
【答案与解析】
②It
was
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )until
near
the
end
of
the
letter
_______
she
mentioned
her
own
plan.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
why
D.
when
【答案与解析】
(4)与时间状语从句的结合
①It
was
a
month
later
_______
he
left
the
city
where
he
was
born.
A.
until
B.
before
C.
since
D.
that
【答案与解析】
②—Is
it
for
two
months
_______
they
have
stayed
here
—
No.
It’s
only
three
weeks
_______
they
arrived
here.
A.
that;
since
B.
that;
after
C.
since;
before
D.
when;
that
【答案与解析】
3.强调句型中的对等结构
在强调句型中，有时强调，no
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
…but…/…not…/…rather
than
…等连接的平行对等结构，此时既要注重对等结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。
句式特征为：
▲It
is/was
not…but…that…不是……而是……(that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致)
▲It
is/was…that…
not
…是……而不是……
▲It
is
/was…
not
…that…是……而不是……(that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致)
▲It
is/was…rat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
than…that…是……而不是……(that后的动词应与rather
than前的名词或代词保持一致)
①It’s
not
do
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
the
things
we
like,
but
liking
the
things
we
have
to
do
_______
makes
life
happy.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
who
【答案与解析】
②It
is
the
abil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity
to
do
the
job
_______
matters
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are.
A.
one
B.
that
C.
what
D.
it
【答案与解析】
③It
is
not
how
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )much
we
do
but
how
much
love
we
put
into
what
we
do
_______
benefits
our
work
most.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
【答案与解析】
④Personally
I
thi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk
it
is
the
sales
manager,
rather
than
the
sales
girls,
_______
to
blame.
A.
is
B.
that
is
C.
are
D.
who
are
【答案与解析】
4.强调句型的省略形式
句式特征为：在一定的上下文中，强调句的某个部分可以省略。解题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。
①—Who
is
making
so
much
noise
in
the
garden
—_______
the
children.
A.
It
is
B.
They
are
C.
That
is
D.
There
are
【答案与解析】
②—He
was
nearly
drowned
once.
—When
was
that
—_______
was
in
1998
_______
he
was
in
middle
school.
A.
That;
that
B.
it;
when
C.
This;
that
D.
It;
that
【答案与解析】
省略句
省略在英语运用中，尤其是在交际对话
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中普遍存在。因为它可以避免重复，突出关键词语，能做到言简意赅，并使上下文紧密连接。在历年的高考题中也屡见不鲜。省略有词法上的省略，也有句法上的省略。词法上的省略(如：名词所有格后修饰的名词在某些情况可以省略；冠词的省略；介词的省略；动词
不定式中的省略等)，请参看本系列讲座有关内容的讲解。所以本讲只讨论句法上的省略和替代性省略。
省略句的基本用法
1.句法上的省略
(1)简单句中的省略
—(Will
you)Have
a
smoke
你抽烟吗？
—No.
Thanks.不，谢谢了。
(Is
there)Anything
else
to
say
还有别的要说吗？
(Have
you)Got
a
light
有火吗？
(2)并列句中的省略
①如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分
John
must
have
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
been
playing
football
and
Mary
(must
have
been)
doing
her
homework.
约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。
②主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略
His
suggesti
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ons
made
John
happy,
but
(his
suggestions
made)
Mary
angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。
③主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语
Old
McDonald
gave
up
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
smoking
for
a
while,
but
(he)
soon
returned
to
his
old
ways.
老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。
④在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。
Jack
will
sing
at
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
party,
but
I
know
John
won’t(sing
at
the
party).
杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。
(3)状语从句中的省略(这一块知识可以参考本系列资料的专题09非谓语动词)
当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①在as,
before,
till,
once,
when,
while等引导的时间状语从句中
While(I
was)waiting,
I
was
reading
some
magazines.我一边看杂志，一边等。
②在though,
although,等引导的让步状语从句中
Though
(they
were)
tired,
they
went
on
working.虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
③在if,
unless(=if...
not)等引导的条件状语从句中；
You
shouldn’t
come
to
his
party
unless
(you
were)
invited.
除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。
④在as,
as
if,
as
though引导的让步状语从句中
He
did
as
(he
had
been)told.他按照被告知的那样去做了。
He
paused
as
if(he
was)expecting
her
to
speak.他停下来，好像是在期待她说话。
2.替代性省略
在某些动词后，用…so替代一个句子，表示肯定意义，用not…so或…not替代一个句子，表示否定意义。这种省略形式常常出现在交际用语中。
①—Do
you
think
it’s
going
to
rain
over
the
weekend？
—_______.
A.
I
don’t
belie
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve
B.
I
don’t
believe
it
C.
I
believe
not
D.
I
believe
not
so
【答案与解析】
②—Hi,
Professor
Li.
What
time
is
it
now
Are
we
late
—_______.
A.
I’m
afraid
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
so
B.I
believe
not
C.
I’m
not
afraid
so
D.I
don’t
believe
【答案与解析】
③—Do
you
think
it’s
going
to
rain
over
the
weekend
—_______.
We’re
planning
to
go
on
a
picnic.
A.
I
think
so
B.
I
believe
not
C.
I
don’t
think
so
D.
I
hope
not
【答案与解析】
省略句的重点点击
具体语境中的省略，这是高考中的难点。
①—What
should
I
do
with
this
passage
—_______
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph.
A.
Finding
out
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
Found
out
C.
Find
out
D.
To
find
out
【答案与解析】
②—Can
I
speak
to
Mr.
Wang,
please
—_______.
A.
Who
are
you

B.
I’m
Wang.
C.
Speaking
D.
Are
you
Zhang
【答案与解析】
反意疑问句
反意疑问句是由一个陈述句再加上一个简短的一般疑问句(句中主语要用相应的代词)构成的。
反意疑问句的基本结构
如陈述部分为肯定形式，简短问句用否定式；如陈述部分为否定形式，简短问句用肯定式。
It’s
the
first
time
that
he
has
been
to
Australia,
isn’t
it
Sarah
had
her
washing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
machine
repaired
the
day
before
yesterday,
didn’t
she
He
hasn’t
finish
his
homework
yet,
has
he
反意疑问句的特别提示
1.前半部分为否定形式的反意疑问句的答语与汉语不同
一Tom
doesn’t
know
it,
does
he 汤姆不知道这事，对吧
一No,
he
doesn’t./Yes,
he
does.对，他不知道。/不，他知道。
2.陈述部分如含有“ne
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ver/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing”等否定词或半否定
词时，这部分应视为否定形式，简短问句就用肯定形式
He
was
hardly
twelve
then,
was
he 他当时几乎不到十二岁，是吗
3.陈述部分含有带“否定”前缀的词，则这部分应看做肯定形式，简短问句就用否定形式
She
dislikes
the
way
you
work,
doesn’t
she
4.祈使句的反意疑问句
肯定的祈使句，简短问句用“will
you”或“won’t
you”；否定的祈使句，简短问句用“will
you”。
Have
a
little
more
coffee,
will
you/won’t
you
再来点咖啡，好吗
When
you’ve
finished
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ith
that
book,
don’t
forget
to
put
it
back
on
the
shelf,
will
you
5.陈述部分含有“must”表推测时的反意疑问句
陈述部分中的must表“一定，想必”等推测意义时，要根据陈述句部分的真实结构，在简短问句中采用与其相符合的助动词形式。
①对现在存在状态的推测
You
must
be
hun
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gry
now,
aren’t
you 你此刻一定很饿，对吧 =I’m
sure
you’re
hungry
now,
aren’t
you
②对现在进行情况的推测
He
must
be
helping
the
old
man
to
water
the
flowers,
isn’t
he
③对现在完成情况的推测
Tom
must
have
lived
here
for
a
long
time,
hasn’t
he
汤姆一定在这儿生活了很久，对吗
=I’m
sure
Tom
has
lived
here
for
a
long
time,
hasn’t
he
④对过去发生事情的推测
She
must
have
arrived
yesterday,
didn’t
she 她昨天一定来了，对吗
=I’m
sure
she
arrived
yesterday,
didn’t
she (陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语yesterday)
6.陈述部分的主语为“this/that/everything”等时，简短问句的主语用“it”
Everything
is
all
right,
isn’t
it
7.陈述部分的主语为“everyone/
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )everybody/anyone/anybody/nobody/no
one/someone”等时，简短问句的主语用“he”，口语中也用“they”
Everyone
knows
the
answer,
doesn’t
he/don’t
they
8.如陈述部分的谓语动词是wish，则简短问句用可提前的情态动词may
I
wish
to
call
on
you
tonight,
may
I
9.陈述部分是“there
be”句型时，简短问句的主语用“there”
There
used
to
be
a
village
near
the
mountain,
usedn’t
there
There
was
a
loud
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
scream
from
the
backstage
immediately
after
the
concert
ended,
wasn’t
there
10.在复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句的主谓语须与主句的主谓语保持一致
It
doesn’t
matter
if
they
want
to
come
to
your
party,
does
it
I
told
them
not
everybody
could
run
as
fast
as
you
did,
didn’t
I
11.如果陈述部分是“I/
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )We
don’t
think/believe/suppose/imagine+宾语从句”，则简短问句的主语要与宾语从句的主语保持一致。
I
don’t
think
he
is
forty,
is
he
我认为他没有四十岁，是吗
I’m
sure
you’d
rather
she
went
to
school
by
bus,
wouldn’t
you
I
don’t
suppose
anyone
will
volunteer,
will
they

但如果主句的主语不是第一人称时，就要特别注意：反意疑问句要与主句保持一致。
Mrs.
Black
doesn’t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
believe
her
son
is
able
to
design
a
digital
camera,
does
she
Brian
told
you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
that
there
wasn’t
anyone
in
the
room
at
that
time,
didn’t
he 2017
届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题13
特殊句式
考点聚焦(教师版)
对于特殊句式这一块，高考主要考查的是倒装句、强调句；其次也会涉及省略句、反意疑问句、祈使句以及并列句等内容。
考点1
倒装句
部分倒装
▲否定词(包括短语)、介词短语或，某些副词置于句首时的倒装
①Nowhere
else,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
as
his
mother
told
us,
_______
except
the
cabin
in
the
backyard.
A.
did
he
go
B.
he
did
go
C.
went
he
D.
he
went
【答案与解析】A。now
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here
意思是：“没有一个地方”，表示否定意义的副词位于句首要用部分倒装结构。句意：正如他妈妈告诉我们的那样，除了后院的小屋外，他哪儿也没有去。
②—I
am
shocked
at
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
news
that
many
pupils
were
killed
in
the
terrible
traffic
accident.
—So
am
I.
Little
_______
the
safety
of
the
poor
children.
A.
did
the
lo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cal
government
care
for
B.
the
local
government
cared
for
C.
did
the
lo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cal
government
care
about
D.
the
local
government
cared
about
【答案与解析】C。半否定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词little
为否定副词，所以用部分倒装结构，故排除B
和D。care
for
喜欢；care
about
在乎。句意：“听到许多小学生死于那场可怕的交通事故中我很震惊。”“我也很震惊。当地政府很少在意贫困儿童的安全。”
③—
The
lady
starred
in
many
films.
—
Really
But
rarely
_______
in
public
nowadays.
A.
she
is
seen
B.
is
she
seen
C.
was
she
seen
D.
she
was
seen
【答案与解析】B。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“那位小姐在许多电影里担任过主角。”“真的吗？但是现在在公众场所很少见到她。”否定词位于句首，后面的主句用部分倒装。
▲no
sooner…than/hardly…when/scarcely…when
句型中的倒装
①No
sooner
_______
at
the
airport
than
she
was
surrounded
by
many
reporters.
A.
has
the
star
arrived
B.
the
star
has
arrived
C.
the
star
had
arrived
D.
had
the
star
arrived
【答案与解析】D。no
sooner
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )...than...一……就……，引导时间状语从句，no
sooner
放句首，用部分倒装，排除B、C；根据was
可知，用过去完成时，排除A。故选D
项。句意：那位电影明星一到机场就被许多记者围了起来。
②_______
these
wor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds
_______
the
warden
hit
him
on
the
head
with
the
soup
spoon.
A.
Hardly
had
he
spoken;
when
B.
Hardly
did
he
speak;
when
C.
No
sooner
did
he
speak;
than
D.
No
sooner
had
he
spoken;
when
【答案与解析】A。句意：他
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )还没来得及开口说话就被管理员用汤勺砸中了脑袋。hardly
为否定词性，位于句首句子要部分倒装。hardly…when,
no
sooner
....than：一……就……。
▲so/such…that
句型中的倒装
①_______
his
spare
time
that
his
English
has
improved
a
lot.21世纪教育网
A.
So
good
use
does
he
make
of
B.
Such
good
use
does
he
make
of
C.
He
makes
very
good
use
of
D.
He
makes
so
good
use
of
【答案与解析】B。考查su
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch…that
句型及make
use
of
短语的变化。句意：他的空余时间是利用的如此的好，以至于他的英语提高很多。这里使用such…that…句型，而且是make
use
of
这个词组的被动语态，so
修饰的是形容词或副词，这题修饰的是good
use，用such，such
good
use
放在句首的时候，句子用部分倒装。
②So
absorbed
in
his
work
_______
that
not
a
sound
_______.
A.
was
the
pres
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ident;
did
she
dare
to
make
B.
was
the
president;
dared
she
to
make
C.
the
president
wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s;
she
dared
make
D.
the
president
was;
she
did
dare
to
make
【答案与解析】A。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )总统正全神贯注与他的工作，以至于她一点声音都不敢发出来。第一空是因为so…that
句型中so+adj/adv
放在句首，用部分倒装，第二空是否定词或者半否定词放在句首，后面使用部分倒装。故A
正确。
③So
mysteriously
_______
missing
that
many
puzzles
wait
to
be
solved.
A.
did
Flight
MH370
go
B.
Flight
MH370
went
C.
does
Flight
MH370
go
D.
had
Flight
MH370
gone
【答案与解析】A。当“so+形容词/副
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词”，或者“such+名词/代词”放在句首的时候，后面要使用部分倒装的形式。排除B
项。根据句义可知本句应该使用的是一般过去时，因为MH370
航班失踪是过去发生的事情。句意：MH370
航班失踪地如此神秘，以至于很多谜都有待于被揭开。
▲only+状语（从句）置于句首的倒装
①It
was
announced
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
only
when
the
terrible
disease
was
under
control
_______
to
return
to
their
homes.
A.
the
residents
would
decide
B.
would
the
residents
decide
C.
would
the
residents
be
decided
D.
the
residents
would
be
decided
【答案与解析】B。only
置于句首，强
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )调状语时，主句采用部分倒装句的形式。句意：人们宣称只有当这种疾病被控制以后，居民才会决定回到他们的家园。
②Only
in
this
way
_______
progress
in
your
English
.
A.
you
make
B.
can
you
make
C.
you
be
able
to
make
D.
will
you
able
to
make
【答案与解析】B。句意：只有用这种方法你
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )才能在英语上取得进步。only—介词短语的时候句子用部分倒装，排除AC，D
项错在be
able
to
这个词组没有be
动词。
▲“not
only+分句,but
(also)+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装
①_______
for
his
act
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion
on
the
playing
field
,but
he
is
also
famous
for
the
things
that
he
does
off
the
playing
field.
A.
Not
he
is
only
known
B.
Not
only
is
he
known
C.
Only
is
he
known
not
D.
He
is
only
not
known
【答案与解析】B。句意：他不仅因
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为在球场的行动著名，还因为在球场以外所做的事情著名。可知句中使用了not
only…but
also
连接两个句子。not
only
位于句首时，not
only
分句中的主谓要进行部分倒装，故选B
项。
②The
boy
said
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_______
couldn’t
he
work
out
the
problem
but
his
teacher
didn’t
know
how
to
do
it.
A.
though
B.
never
C.
hardly
D.
not
only
【答案与解析】D。后面用的是倒装语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )序“couldn’t
he
work
out
the
problem”故用not
only，not
only
位于句首分句中的主谓要进行部分倒装。B
项和C
项与题干中not
重复，故排除。句意：男孩说不仅他解不出那道题，而且老师也不知道怎么解。
▲not
until
引导的状语从句放在句首，从句不倒装，主句要部分倒装
①Not
until
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )failed
in
the
last
examination
_______
he
should
have
spent
more
time
on
study.
A.
did
he
rea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lize
B.
he
realized
C.
did
he
not
realize
D.
he
didn’t
realize
【答案与解析】A。句意：直到他在最后一次
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考试中失利，他才意识到他本应该在学习上多花些时间。not
until
引导时间状语从句置于句首，后面的主句用部分倒装，选A
项。
②_______
one
has
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a
child
will
one
realize
how
great
one’s
parents
are.
A.
Until
B.
Until
not
C.
It
is
not
until
D.
Not
until
【答案与解析】D。not
until
引导的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )状语从句放在句首，从句不倒装，主句要部分倒装。后面主句用了倒装语序“will
one
realize”，故选D。句意：直到有了孩子，人们才认识到父母是多么伟大。
完全倒装
▲副词或介词短语置于句首时的倒装
①On
the
top
of
the
hill
_______
the
old
man
once
lived.
A.
a
temple
stands
there
in
which
B.
stands
a
temple
where
C.
a
temple
standing
on
which
D.
does
a
temple
stand
where
【答案与解析】B。on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
top
of
the
hill
是地点状语位于句首用完全倒装，谓语动词放在主语的前面。atemple
后面是定语从句，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where
引导定语从句，选B。句意：山顶上有个老人曾经住过的庙。
②At
the
bell,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
door
opened
and
_______,
dashing
towards
the
dinning
hall,
all
shouting
and
laughing.
A.
the
hungry
students
poured
out
B.
did
the
hungry
students
pour
out
C.
out
the
hungry
students
poured
D.
out
poured
the
hungry
students
【答案与解析】D。方位副词out,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in,
off,away,
down,
up
等词放在句首，而且主语是名词的时候，句子用完全倒装，就是谓语提前，选D。句意：铃一响，门开了，饥饿的学生涌出来，所有的人叫着笑着朝餐厅冲去。
③Out
of
the
crowd
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
bus
_______,
who
was
dressed
in
a
black
suit
and
waving
to
a
woman.
A.
stepped
a
tal
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
man
in
his
thirties
B.
a
tall
man
in
his
thirties
stepped
C.
did
a
tall
man
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
his
thirties
step
D.
did
a
tall
man
step
in
his
thirties
【答案与解析】D。“Out
of
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
crowded
bus”方位副词短语位于句首用完全倒装，谓语动词放在主语的前面。句意：从拥挤的巴士里走出来一个三十多岁、高个子、穿着黑色西装的男子向一个妇女挥着手。
④Look!
From
opposite
the
street
_______,
screaming
in
panic.
A.
come
two
kids
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
coming
two
kids
C.
comes
two
kids
D.
two
kids
are
coming
【答案与解析】A。当表示地点
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )状语的介词短语被提前到句首表示强调的时候，要把谓语动词提前到做主语的名词前，构成全部倒装句。句意：看，从对面的街上来了两个孩子，害怕地尖叫了起来。因为句子的主语是two
kids，所以谓语动词使用复数形式come。故A
正确。
▲such＋系动词be＋主语
_______
on
computers
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
for
storing
information
that
people
are
unable
to
remember
basic
things.
A.
Such
is
the
dependence
B.
Such
dependence
does
C.
So
they
are
dependent
D.
So
do
they
depend
【答案与解析】A。原句为The
depe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ndence
on
computers
for
storing
information
is
such
that
people
are
unable
to
remember
basic
things。such
置于句首，句子需要倒装，故选A
项。人们依赖电脑来储
存信息的结果就是这样：连基本的东西都记不住了。
▲so＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语
so＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词
neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语
①—
I
went
to
see
a
film
yesterday.
—
Oh,
did
you
_______.
.
A.
So
I
did
B.
I
did
so
C.
So
do
I
D.
So
did
I
【答案与解析】D。句意：“我昨天去看电影了。”“哦，是吗？我也看电影了。”
②—How
terrible
it
is
today!
—_______.
A
very
bad
day
for
swimming,
isn’t
it
A.
So
it
is
B.
So
is
it
C.
Nor
it
is
D.
Nor
is
it
【答案与解析】A。句意：“今天天气多糟糕啊！”“的确如此。不是游泳的好天气。”
③If
Tom’s
wife
won’t
agree
to
sign
the
documents,
_______.
A.
neither
he
will
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
neither
won’t
he
C.
neither
will
he
D.
he
won’t
neither
【答案与解析】C。句意：如果妻子不同意签署的那些文件，汤姆也不同意签字。
This
is
not
my
st
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ory,
nor
_______
the
whole
story.
My
story
plays
out
differently.
A.
is
there
B.
there
is
C.
is
it
D.
it
is
【答案与解析】C。句意：这并不是(关于)我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。
考点2
强调句
▲强调句式的基本形式
①
It
was
only
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
after
he
had
read
the
papers
_______
Mr.
Gross
realized
the
task
before
him
was
extremely
difficult
to
complete.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】B。题干可还原为：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Mr.
Gross
realized
the
task
before
him
was
extremely
difficult
to
complete
only
after
he
had
read
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
papers，即可判断为强调句，因此填that。句意：只有在读过那些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务极难完成。
②It
was
from
only
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
few
supplies
that
she
had
bought
in
the
village
_______
the
hostess
cooked
such
a
nice
dinner.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
when
D.
which
【答案与解析】B。迷惑点在于强调部分
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中含有一个定语从句that
she
had
bought
in
the
village。本句被强调的部分是：from
only
a
few
supplies
that
she
had
bought
in
the
village。将强调句的基本框架“It
is/was...that/who...”去掉后可得：The
hostess
cooked
such
a
nice
dinner
from
only
a
few
supplies
that
she
had
bought
in
the
village.(女主人用从农村所买的食品做了如此美味的一餐。)原句句意完整无缺，是强调句。
③David
said
that
it
wa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
because
of
his
strong
interest
in
literature
_______
he
chose
the
course.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
why
D.
how
【答案与解析】A。本句强调的是原因
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )状语because
of
his
strong
interest
in
literature,故A
正确。句意：大卫说真是因为对文学怀有浓厚的兴趣，他才选择了这门课程。
▲强调句式的变化形式(包括对等结构)
①Wow,
you
are
in
high
spirits.
_______
makes
you
so
happy
A.
What
it
is
that
B.
What
is
it
that
C.
What
is
that
D.
What
it
that
【答案与解析】B。强调句的特殊问句的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )结构是：疑问词+is/was+that+其余部分，符合这个结构的是B项。句意：喔，你情绪高涨。什么使你如此高兴？
②—Was
it
by
cutting
down
staff
_______
she
saved
the
firm
—No,
it
was
by
improving
work
efficiency.
A.
when
B.
what
C.
how
D.
that
【答案与解析】D。本题是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )强调句，对by
cutting
down
staff
进行强调。句意：“是不是只有通过裁员她才能拯救公司的命运？”“不是，要通过提高工作效率来拯救。”
③Was
it
on
a
lo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nely
island
_______
he
was
saved
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down
A.
where
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】B。考查强调此处强调的是句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子的地点状语on
a
lonely
island，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was
it
+
被强调部分+
that
+句子？句意：他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被救的？
④On
the
contrary,
I
think
it
is
Tom,
_______
you,
_______
to
blame.
A.
more
than;
are
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
less
than;
who
are
C.
rather
than;
that
is
D.
rather
than;
is
【答案与解析】C。本题为一强调句式的对等
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )结构：It
is/was…rather
than…that…是……而不是……。句意：恰恰相反，我认为是汤姆而不是你应该受到责备。
⑤It
is
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
he
said
it
_______
annoyed
me.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
until
D.
what
【答案与解析】B。本题中强调
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主语从句not
what
he
said
but
the
way
he
said
it，从句中含有句型not...but,的对等结构，整个句子谓语是annoyed,故选B。句意：不是他所说的而是他说话的方式使我恼火。
▲含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式
①Was
it
not
until
y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou
began
to
write
_______
you
should
have
remembered
more
words
A.
did
you
realize
B.
that
you
realized
C.
did
you
not
realize
D.
that
you
didn’t
realize
【答案与解析】B。it
was/is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not
until
…that
…
直到……才……，是强调句型，不用倒装，not
until
…开头才倒装。故选B
项。句意：是不是直到你写了你才意识到你应该记住更多的词。
②
It
was
not
until
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
came
here
_______
I
realized
this
place
was
famous
for
not
only
its
beauty
but
also
its
weather.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
where
D.
before
【答案与解析】B。强调句型：it
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not
until
…
that
…。句意：直到我来到这儿才意识到，这个地方不仅以它的美而且以它的天气而出名。
③Bach
died
in
1750,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
_______
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
A.
while
B.
though
C.
that
D.
after
【答案与解析】C。强调句型：it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was
not
until
…
that
…。句意：马赫死于1750
年，但直到19
世纪他的音乐天赋才被人们完全地认可。
▲强调句与非强调句的辨别
①—Do
you
know
_______
they
got
to
know
each
other
—It
was
last
year
_______
they
both
taught
Chinese
in
Scotland.
A.
when
it
was
that,
when
B.
when
was
it
that,
while
C.
when
it
was
that,
that
D.
when
was
it
that,
as
【答案与解析】A。第一空是对“wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en”的强调结构，又是引导know
的宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序，所以排除B、D
选项。第二空答语最后省略了“that
they
got
to
know
each
other”。last
year
后是定语从句，从句主干完整，故last
year
在从句中做状语，使用关系副词when，故选A
项。句意：“你知道他们是什么时候彼此认识的吗？”“那是去年他们在苏格兰教汉语的时候认识的。”
②—Where
did
you
get
to
know
her
—It
was
on
the
farm
_______
we
worked
together.
A.
that
B.
there
C.
which
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。咋一看，似乎就
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是强调句，但是补全“It
was
on
the
farm
where
we
worked
that
I
got
to
know
her”以后，我们就可以判断出这儿省略了强调句。where
引导定语从句。句意：“你是在哪儿认识她的？”“是在我们一起工作过的农场(认识她的)。”
▲对谓语动词的强调
①If
you
have
a
job,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______
yourself
to
it
and
finally
you’ll
succeed.
A.
do
devote
B.
don’t
devote
C.
devoting
D.
not
devoting
【答案与解析】A。此处应是祈使句，又有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意：如果你有了一份工作，务必要付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。
②What
the
boy
_______
make
his
friends
unhappy.
A.
does
did
B.
did
did
C.
do
do
D.
do
does
【答案与解析】B。第一个did
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
做主语从句的谓语,
第二个did
是主句谓语“make”的强调。句意：那个男孩所做的事情的确使他的朋友们不快。如果不强调谓语动词的话，实际这句话就是：What
the
boy
did
made
his
friends
unhappy.
考点3
省略句
①Don’t
blame
the
worker.
He
just
carried
out
the
order
_______.
A.
as
told
B.
as
are
told
C.
as
telling
D.
as
they
told
【答案与解析】A。as
有“正如”的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意思，句意：不要责备呢个工人，他只是在执行被告知的命令。as
told是as
he
was
told
的省略，即someone
told
him
the
order
and
he
did
as
the
man
said.。故选A项。
②_______,
Guo
Mingyi
makes
his
effort
to
help
those
in
poverty.
A.
Not
rich
although
he
is
B.
In
spite
of
not
rich
C.
Though
not
rich
D.
A
s
he
is
no
t
rich
【答案与解析】C。句意：虽然不富有，但是郭明
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )义努力帮助那些贫穷的人。A
项错在although
不能用于倒装句，B
项错在in
spite
of
后面不可以接形容词，D
项错在as
表示让步含义，需要用倒装句，C
项是省略的表达，完整的是though
he
is
not
rich，主从句的主语一致的时候，可以省略从句的主语和be
动词，选C
项。
考点4
反意疑问句
①You
and
I
could
hardly
work
together,
_______
A.
could
you
B.
couldn’t
I
C.
couldn’t
we
D.
could
we
【答案与解析】D。根据陈述部分是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )肯定形式,
疑问部分用否定形式；反之。陈述部分中含有否定词hardly，故疑问部分用肯定形式，主语是you
and
I。故应选D
项。句意：我和你几乎不可能一块儿共事，是吗？
②It’s
the
first
time
that
he
has
been
to
Australia,
_______
A.
isn’t
he
B.
hasn’t
he
C.
isn’t
it
D.
hasn’t
it
【答案与解析】C。按照前肯后否的句式，主句反问，选C
符合语法表达习惯。句意：这是他第一次到澳大利亚，是吗？
③He
must
be
helping
the
old
man
to
water
the
flowers,
_______
A.
is
he
B.
isn’t
he
C.
must
he
D.
mustn’t
he
【答案与解析】B。陈述句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的谓语中虽有情态动词must，但此处must
表示对正在进行的动作进行推测，而must
后有助动词be，故反意疑问句根据助动词be
来构成，选B
项。句意：他一定在帮助那个老大爷给花浇水，是吗？
④It
doesn’t
matter
if
they
want
to
come
to
your
party,
_______
A.
doesn’t
it
B.
does
it
C.
don’t
they
D.
do
they
【答案与解析】B。当陈述部分为主从复合句时，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )附加疑问句部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语保持相应的关系。句意：如果他们不来参加你的晚会，没啥关系，是吧？
⑤I
told
them
not
everybody
could
run
as
fast
as
you
did,
_______
A.
could
he
B.
didn’t
I
C.
didn’t
you
D.
could
they
【答案与解析】B。在反意疑问句中，若陈述
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )部分是一个主从复合句，附加疑问句一般要与主句一致。本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“I
told
them…，故答案选B
项。句意：我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？
⑥There
is
little
doubt
in
your
mind
that
he
is
innocent,
_______
A.
is
there
B.
isn’t
there
C.
is
he
D.
isn’t
he
【答案与解析】A。根据前面the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
be
句里含有否定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A
项。句意：在你的心目中几乎没有什么疑问他
是无辜的，是吗？
考点5
祈使句与并列句
①“_______,”
the
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ldiers
screamed
loudly,
who
held
a
gun
in
his
hands,
“or
I
will
shoot
again.”
A.
Stopped
there
B.
Stopping
there
C.
To
stop
there
D.
Stop
there
【答案与解析】D。句意：手里拿着枪的士
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )兵大声叫喊“站住，否则我要开枪了。”士兵的话连起来是Stop
there,
or
I
will
shoot
again.使用的是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的句型。
②Always
_______
in
mind
that
your
main
task
is
to
get
this
company
running
smoothly.
A.
to
keep
B.
to
have
kept
C.
keep
D.
have
kept
【答案与解析】C。祈使句表示请求、命令
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或者句号，用降调。根据分析，…that
your
task
is
to
get
this
company
running
smoothly.
是作mind
的同位语。keep
in
mind
记住，句意：请时刻牢记住：你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳地运作。这是一个表请求的祈使句。
③Every
day
_______
a
proverb
aloud
several
times
until
you
have
it
memorized.
A.
read
B.
reading
C.
to
read
D.
reads
【答案与解析】A。只要能够准确判断本题是一个
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )祈使句，答案就一目了然，难就难在不能正确识别。那么我们就慢慢分析：从题干来看，似乎是需要一个Every
day
的谓语，不过细细分析选项中的动词read，“day”如何“read”？这种主谓搭配显然是不成立的。故every
day
只能做时间状语。请注意题干中的“until”连接的是一个主句和一个从句，根据“一句一主谓”原则，故选择A“read”，其中“一主谓”中的“主语(you)”被省略，形成了一个祈使句。句意：每天朗读一则格言数次直到记住为止。
④Don’t
turn
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ff
the
computer
before
closing
all
programs
_______
you
could
have
problems
A.
or
B.
and
C.
but
D.
so
【答案与解析】A。前后两个分句间的关系为选择关系，所以直接填入or。句意：在关闭所有程序前不
要关闭电脑，否则你可能会遇到麻烦。
⑤Read
this
story,
_______
you
will
realize
that
not
everything
can
be
bought
with
money.
A.
or
B.
and
C.
but
D.
so
【答案与解析】B。祈使句+and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+陈述句，意为：如果怎么样，就怎么样。祈使句+or+陈述句，意为：如果怎么样，否则就怎么样。句意：(如果)你读了这个故事，你就会认识到不是所有东西都可以用钱买得到的。
⑥Some
animals
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )carry
seeds
from
one
place
to
another,
_______
plants
can
spread
to
new
places.
A.
so
B.
or
C.
for
D.
but
【答案与解析】A。so
于是，所以(强调上下文因果关系)；or
或者；for
由于，因为(起补充说明作用)；
but
但是(表示转折)；句意：一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方，于是植物就传播到了新的地方生长了。上下文之间是因果关系。故A
正确。
⑦(2016
高考英语北京卷)I
am
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot
afraid
of
tomorrow,
_______
I
have
seen
yesterday
and
I
love
today.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
for
D.
but
【答案与解析】C。so
所以(强调上下文因果关系)；and
表示呈递关系；for
由于，因为(起补充说明作用)；
but
但是(表示转折)。根据句意是下文对上文的补充说明。故选C。句意：我用不着害怕明天，因为我已经经历了昨天，并且深爱着今天。__2017
届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题13
特殊句式
知识精讲(教师版)
英语中，为了行文的需要、表达的生动或是为了表达的简洁，人们在表达时往往会使用特别结构的句
子，这就是所谓的特殊句式。英语中的特殊句式比较庞杂，但是根据历年来的高考试题看，对特殊句式的
考查主要涉及：倒装句、强调句、省略句和反意疑问句，偶尔也会涉及到祈使句和感叹句。本专题择其重
点讲前面四类特殊句式。
倒装句
英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”，如果将谓语的一部分或全部放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装。倒装
既是一种语法手段，也是一种修辞手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。
倒装句的基本用法
1.倒装的原因
(1)语法倒装：由于语法结构的需要，将谓语的全部或一部分移到主语之前。
①在疑问句中一般用倒装语序
Is
this
your
mobile
phone
number？这是你的手机号码吗？(一般疑问句)
Does
Jack
like
to
eat
fish.杰克喜欢吃鱼吗？(一般疑问句)
Bobbie
seldom
got
drunk,
did
he.博比很少喝醉，是吗？(反意疑问句)
You
had
a
wonderful
time
last
night,
didn’t
you.昨天晚上你玩得很愉快，是吗？(反意疑问句)
When
will
they
go
to
the
Great
Wall.他们什么时候去长城？(特殊疑问句)
②以引导词there
引起的陈述句
There
was
nobody
in
the
room.房间里没有人。
③某些虚拟语气和祝愿的句子
Were
I
a
bird,
I
could
fly
freely.
假如我是一只小鸟，我就能自由翱翔。
Had
I
known
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it
earlier,
I
wouldn’t
have
lent
him
the
money.要是我早知道这件事，我就不会把钱借给他了。
Long
live
peace!和平万岁！
May
our
friendship
be
ever
lasting!愿我们的友谊长存！
④直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时
You
should
have
bee
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
here
five
minutes
ago,
said
the
teacher.
老师说：“你5
分钟之前就该来了。”
“Douglas,
”sai
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
the
teacher,
“do
be
careful
next
time.”“道格拉斯，”老师说道，“下次一定要小心。”
(2)修辞倒装：为了突出重要的内容，或为了生动地描写动作，人们往往采用修辞倒装。
①为了强调
Never
before
have
we
seen
such
a
sight.以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。
Only
in
this
way
can
we
learn
English
well.只有用这种方法，我们才能学好英语。
Selfish
does
our
life
make
us
students.是生活把我们学生变得如此自私的。
②为了生动流畅
Up
went
the
rocket
into
the
sky.嗖的一声火箭上了天。
Before
us
lay
a
lot
of
difficulties.我们面前有很多困难。
Happy
are
those
who
are
contented.知足者常乐。
Next
came
a
man
in
his
forties.紧接着进来一个四十多岁的男人。
Long
did
we
wait
before
hearing
from
her.我们等了很久才收到她的信。
③一些句型的固定用法
Such
were
his
last
words.他最后的话就是这样的。
Hardly
had
I
got
home
when
the
telephone
rang.我一到家，电话就响了。
How
came
it
that
she
knew
the
secret.她怎么会知道那个秘密的？
2.倒装的种类
英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全
倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这叫做部分倒装。
(1)完全倒装
完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。
On
her
left
sat
her
husband.她左边坐着她丈夫。
Here
is
the
book
you
want.你要的书在这儿。
Down
went
the
small
boat.小船沉下去了。
(2)部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前。
Only
by
working
hard
can
one
succeed.只有努力才能成功。
Never
have
I
seen
her
before.
我以前没见过她。
Well
do
I
remember
the
day
I
joined
the
League.入团的那一天，我记忆犹新。
Little
did
I
think
that
he
could
be
back
alive
我没有想到他竟能活着回来。
倒装句的重点点击
1.常见部分倒装结构
▲含有否定意义的否定词或
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )半否定词包括短语(如never,
neither,
nor,
little,
seldom,
rarely,
hardly,
scarcely,
few,
not,
no
,
by
no
means,
in
no
way,
at
no
time
等)放在句首时
①Little
_______
about
her
own
safety,
though
she
was
in
great
danger
herself.
A.
did
Rose
care
B.
Rose
did
care
C.
Rose
does
care
D.
does
Rose
care
【答案与解析】A。little
是具有否定意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装句，选A。句意：尽管罗斯
自己身处险境但是他几乎不关心她自身的安全。
②We
laugh
at
jokes,
but
seldom
_______
about
how
they
work.
A.
we
think
B.
think
we
C.
we
do
think
D.
do
we
think
【答案与解析】D。seldom
为否定副词放句首，用部分倒装，故选D。句意：我们听了而大笑,但很少
去思考笑话石怎样让我们发笑的。
③The
headmaster
will
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot
permit
the
change
in
the
course,
nor
_______
it
a
thought.
A.
does
he
even
giv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
B.
he
even
gives
C.
will
he
even
give
D.
he
will
even
given
【答案与解析】C。空白处前为否定词“nor”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空
白处应使用一般将来时，C
选项符合题意。句意：校长不会同意转科的，他甚至也根本
不会考虑这个问题。
④“Never
for
a
second
,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”the
boy
says,
“_______
that
my
father
would
come
to
my
rescue.”
A.
I
doubted
B.
do
I
doubt
C.
I
have
doubted
D.
did
I
doubt
【答案与解析】D。否定词或否定短语位于句首，句子要部分倒装，此处never
for
a
second
为否定短语，
句子描述的为过去的事情，故答案选D。句意：那个男孩说，“我压根儿就没有怀疑过
我爸爸会来救我的(连一秒钟我都没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我的)。”
⑤Not
once
_______
to
Michael
that
he
could
one
day
become
a
top
student
in
his
class.
A.
occurred
it
B.
it
did
occur
C.
it
occurred
D.
did
it
occur
【答案与解析】D。从题干“Not
once”可以轻松判断出考查的是倒装句中的部分倒装。该句可以还原为“It
did
not
occur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
Michael
once
that
he
could
one
day
become
a
top
student
in
his
class.”
句
意：米切尔压根儿就没有想到他有朝一日竟会成为班上的尖子。
⑥At
no
time
_______
the
rules
of
the
game.
It
was
unfair
to
punish
them.
A.
they
actually
broke
B.
do
they
actually
break
B.
did
they
actually
break
D.
they
had
actually
broken
【答案与解析】C。否定词或否定短语放于句首，句子要不完全倒装，此处at
no
time(在任何时候都不，
决不)引起句子不完全倒装，即将助动词放于主语之前。根据题干时态标志词was
可知
选C。句意：事实上他们绝对没有违反游戏规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。
▲表示“刚/一……就……”的句型
①No
sooner
_______
stepped
on
the
stage
than
the
audience
broke
into
thunderous
applause.
A.
had
Mo
Yan
B.
Mo
Yan
had
C.
has
Mo
Yan
D.
Mo
Yan
has
【答案与解析】A。本题中的固定句式no
sooner…
than…一……就……；当否定词放在句首的时候，
主句中要使用部分倒装的形式。主句中要用过去完成时。句意：莫言一走上舞台，观众
就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。在no
sooner…
than…句型中，从句要用一般过去时，而主句则
要用过去完成时。且主句要使用倒装句式。故A
正确。
②_______
had
Mike
pic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ked
up
the
ball
_______
another
player
took
it
from
him.
A.
Hardly;
when
B.
Not;
until
C.
No
sooner;
when
D.
Not
until;
when
【答案与解析】A。本题中的固定句式hardly...when
一……就……；当否定词放在句首的时候，主句中
要使用部分倒装的形式。not
until
位于句首时，从句不倒装，主句使用部分倒装，例句：
Not
until
I
got
home
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )did
I
realize
that
I
had
left
the
key
in
the
office.直到而我回到家时才意
识到把钥匙落在了办公室。故选A。句意：迈克一拿到球就被另一个运动员抢走了。
③_______
asleep
_______
a
knock
at
the
door
awakened
her．
A.
Scarcely
had
she
fallen;
than
B.
No
sooner
did
she
fall;
than
C.
Hardly
she
had;
when
D.
Scarcely
had
she
fallen;
when
【答案与解析】D。本题中的固定句式scarcely…when
…一……就……；当否定词放在句首的时候，主
句中要使用部分倒装的形式。主句中要用过去完成时。句意：她刚一入睡，一阵敲门声
就把她弄醒了。
▲副词only
+状语(从句)放在句首时
①Only
with
the
gre
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atest
of
luck
_______
to
escape
from
the
rising
flood
waters.
A.
managed
she
B.
she
managed
C.
did
she
manage
D.
she
did
manage
【答案与解析】C。only+状语位于句首，句子要部分倒装。句意：只是有了最好的运气，她才成功逃
脱了正在上涨的洪水的袭击。
②Only
by
increasin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
the
number
of
doctors
by
50
percent
_______
properly
in
this
hospital.
A.
can
be
the
patients
treated
B.
can
the
patients
be
treated
C.
the
patients
can
be
treated
D.
treated
can
be
the
patients
【答案与解析】B。only+状语提前放于句首，句子应用不完全倒装，即将助动词can
放于主语the
patients
之前，故答案选B。句意：只有医生的数量增加50%，患者在这所医院里才能够得到恰
当的治疗。
③Only
when
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
reached
the
tea-house
_______
it
was
the
same
place
he’d
been
in
last
year.
A.
he
realized
B.
he
did
realize
C.
realized
he
D.
did
he
realize
【答案与解析】D。only+状语从句放在句首引起的部分倒装，所以选D。句意：只有当他到了茶馆的
时候，他才意识到跟去年呆的是同一个地方。
④Only
after
they
ha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
discussed
the
matter
for
a
few
hours
_______
a
decision
A.
they
reached
B.
did
they
reach
C.
they
reach
D.
do
they
reach
【答案与解析】B。only+状语从句放在句首引起的部分倒装，故选B。句意：他们只有在讨论这个问
题几个小时后才做决定。
▲“so...that...和“such...that...”结构中的so
或such
位于句首时
①_______
is
the
power
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
TV
that
it
can
make
a
person
suddenly
famous.
A.
Such
B.
This
C.
That
D.
So
【答案与解析】A。such
置于句首句子要倒装，防止误选D。本题中的such
作表语，因而此处不是
such…that
或so…that
的句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )型；such
代替的是“that
it
can
make
a
person
suddenly
famous.”，
选A
项。句意：电视的功能就是这样的强大，它可以让一个人瞬间出名。
②So
sudden
_______
that
the
enemy
had
no
time
to
escape.
A.
did
the
attack
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
the
attack
did
C.
was
the
attack
D.
the
attack
was
【答案与解析】C。so...that..,
such
..that..的句子结构中，若so,
such
和与其所修饰的词置于句首，就要
使用部分倒装，又sudden
是形容词，作表语,
所以选C。句意：进攻是那么的突然以至
于敌人没有时间逃跑。
▲“not
only
+
分句,but
also
+
分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装
①The
computer
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
used
in
teaching.
As
a
result,
not
only
_______,
but
students
became
more
interested
in
the
lessons.
A.
saved
was
teachers’
energy
B.
was
teachers’
energy
saved
C.
teachers’
energy
was
saved
D.
was
saved
teachers’
energy
【答案与解析】B。not
only
位于句首时主谓要倒装，因此该句子中的主语teachers’
energy
与谓语was
saved
要用倒装语序。句意：计算机应用于教学。结果，不仅让教师省力，而且学生对
课程更感兴趣。
②_______
the
nurses
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )want
a
pay
increase,
they
want
reduced
hours
as
well.
A.
Not
do
only
B.
Do
not
only
C.
Only
not
do
D.
Not
only
do
【答案与解析】D。not
only
引导的句子置于句首时，需部分倒装。故选D。句意：护士们不仅要求涨
工资，而且要求减少工作时间。
注意：not
only..
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).but
also...连接主语时，不倒装。例如：Not
only
the
mother
but
also
the
children
are
sick.
▲not
until+状语(从句)放在句首时
①Not
until
he
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eft
his
home
_______
to
know
how
important
the
family
was
for
him.
A.
did
he
begin
B.
had
he
begun
C.
he
began
D.
he
has
began
【答案与解析】A。not
until
所引导的状语(从句)放在句首要用部分倒装。句意：直到他离开了家乡，
他才意识到家对他的重要性。
②_______
I
shouted
at
the
top
of
my
voice
_______
turn
his
head.
A.
Not
until
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com );
did
he
B.
Not
until;
he
did
C.
Until;
he
did
not
D.
Until;
did
he
not
【答案与解析】A。not
until
在句首，主句要部分倒装。句意：直到我大声地对他吼叫，他才转过头来。
▲as/though
引导的让步状语从句(参看本系列专题11
状语从句)
①Unsatisfied
_______
with
the
payment,
he
took
the
job
just
to
get
some
work
experience.
A.
though
was
he
B.
though
he
was
C.
he
was
though
D.
was
he
though
【答案与解析】B。as,
though
等词引导让步状语从句时，常将表语提前置于句首，其后跟连词和正常
的主谓语序。句意：尽管他对报酬不满意，但为了得到一些工作经验他还是接受了那份
工作。
②Hot
_______
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
night
air
was,
we
slept
deeply
because
we
were
so
tired
after
the
long
journey.
A.
although
B.
as
C.
while
D.
however
【答案与解析】B。as
引导让步状语从句须倒装，从句中的表语，状语或动词原形置于句首。该句中
hot
是形容词，位于句首，故用as。句意：尽管夜里的空气很热，我们还是睡的很沉，
因为漫长的旅途之后我们非常的疲惫。
▲一些表示频率、方式、程度的副词(如often,
well,
many
a
time,
now
and
again
等)位于句首时
Many
a
time
have
I
seen
her
taking
a
walk
alone.
我多次看到她独自一人在散步。
Often
did
she
come
to
my
house
in
the
past.
过去她常到我家来。
Well
do
I
remember
the
day
when
I
joined
the
League.
我对入团的那一天还记忆犹新。
Gladly
would
I
accept
your
proposal.
我很高兴接受你的建议。
▲在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were,
had
和should
这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之
前构成部分倒装(参看本系列资料的专题08
情态动词和虚拟语气)
Should
he
come(=if
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
should
come),
tell
him
to
ring
me
up.如果他来，告诉他让他给我打电话。
Were
I
you(=If
I
were
you),
I
would
not
do
it.如果我是你，我就不做。
Had
I
been
free(
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )If
I
had
been
free),
I
would
have
visited
you.如果我有空的话，我就拜访你了。
2.常见完全倒装结构
▲There
be
结构。另外，在
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )此结构中可以用来代替be
动词的动词有：exist,
seem,
happen,
appear,
live,
rise,
stand,
remain
等
①John
opened
the
door.
There
_______
he
had
never
seen
before.
A.
a
girl
did
stand
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
a
girl
stood
C.
did
a
girl
stand
D.
stood
a
girl
【答案与解析】D。Here,
There,
Thus,
Then
等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒
装句，选D。句意：约翰打开了门，那儿站着一个他从没见过的女孩。
②_______
a
certain
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
doubt
among
the
people
as
to
the
practical
value
of
the
project.
A.
It
has
B.
They
have
C.
It
remains
D.
There
remains
【答案与解析】D。考查There
be
句型。remain
替代了be
动词。句意：对于这个项目的实际价值人们
仍然有怀疑。
▲用于here,
there,
now,
thus,
then
+动词+主语的句型中(谓语动词多为be,
go,
come
等)
Here
comes
the
bus.
汽车来了。There
goes
the
bell.
铃响了。
Now
comes
my
turn.
轮到我了。Then
came
the
order
to
take
off.
起飞的命令到了。
注意：除了then
引导的句子用过去式以外，其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果
主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。例如：Here
you
are.给你。There
she
comes.她走了。
①—Is
everyone
here
—Not
yet.
Look,
there
_______
the
rest
of
our
guests!
A.
come
B.
comes
C.
is
coming
D.
are
coming
【答案与解析】A。there
引导的倒装句谓语动词要跟后面的主语一致，且用一般现在时表示将来。句
意：“大家都到了吗？”“还没有。瞧，我们其他的客人就要来啦。”
②For
a
moment
nothing
happened.
Then
_______
all
shouting
together.
A.
voices
had
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome
B.
came
voices
C.
voices
would
come
D.
did
voices
come
【答案与解析】B。副词then
位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选B。句意：
等了一会儿，什么也没有发生。之后大家就一起欢呼起来。
▲表示方向的副词out,
in,
up,
down
等置于句首时
①Hearing
the
dog
barking
fiercely,
away
_______.
A.
fleeing
the
thief
B.
was
fleeing
the
thief
C.
the
thief
was
fleeing
D.
fled
the
thief
【答案与解析】D。句意：听到那条狗叫得很凶，那个窃贼就逃走了。
②_______
and
class
began.
A.
In
came
the
teacher
B.
The
teacher
in
came
C.
In
came
he
D.
Came
in
the
teacher
【答案与解析】A。句意：进来了一位老师，开始上课了。
③_______
when
Newton
was
sitting
under
an
apple
tree.
A.
Fell
down
an
apple
B.
Down
an
apple
fell
C.
An
apple
falls
down
D.
Down
fell
an
apple
【答案与解析】D。句意：当牛顿坐在一棵苹果树下的时候，掉下来一只苹果。
注意：在完全倒装的结构里，如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。例如：Out
she
went.
她走了。Here
we
are.我们到了。
▲表示地点的介词短语(如on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
wall,
under
the
tree,
in
front
of
the
house,
in
the
middle
of
the
room
等)放在
句首时
South
of
the
lake
lies
a
big
supermarket.湖泊的南边是一个大超市。
20
miles
east
of
our
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )school
lies
a
modern
swimming
pool.我们学校向东20
英里有一个现代化的游泳池。
On
the
floor
were
pil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
of
old
books,
magazines
and
newspapers.地板上是一堆堆旧的书报杂志。
At
the
meeting
place
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
the
Yangtze
River
and
Jialing
River
_______,
one
of
the
largest
cities
in
China.
A.
lies
Chongq
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
B.
Chongqing
lies
C.
does
lie
Chongqing
D.
does
Chongqing
lie
【答案与解析】A。句意：在长江和嘉陵江的交汇处坐落着重庆市，中国最大的城市之一。
▲so
作“也”讲时，引导的句子用倒装语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：
So
+
be(have，助动词或情态动词)+主语。
She
has
been
to
Tokyo.
So
have
I.她去过东京，我也去过。
He
can
send
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emails
to
his
former
classmates.
So
can
she.他能电子邮件给以前的同学，她也能。
He
went
to
the
film
last
night.
So
did
I.昨天晚上他去看电影了，我也去了。
注意：如果对前面所说的内容加以肯定，那就不用倒装。
—Jack
won
the
first
prize
in
the
contest.杰克在比赛中获一等奖。—So
he
did.
确实是的。
—It
is
cold
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )today.今天很冷。—So
it
is
and
so
was
it
yesterday.
确实是很冷，昨天也很冷。
▲Neither/nor
引导的句子用倒装语序，用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。
She
won’t
go.
Neither/Nor
will
I.
她不走，我也不。
I
cannot
swim.
Neither
can
he
.
我不会游泳，他也不会。
注意：▲如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It
is
the
same
with
+主语”结构或用“So
it
is
with
+主语”结构。
He
worked
hard,
but
didn’t
pass
the
exam.
So
it
was
with
his
sister.
他很努力，但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。(既有肯定又有否定)
She
is
a
teacher
and
she
enjoys
teaching.
So
it
is
with
Mr
Li.
她是老师，热爱教书。李先生也是这样。(谓语一个是系动词，一个是行为动词)
▲neither/nor+相应的助动词+主语+谓语动词(部分倒装)
The
interviewee
has
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
inner
shame
to
show
his
edge
over
others.
_______
the
outer
fear.
A.
As
he
has
B.
So
had
he
C.
Nor
did
he
have
D.
Neither
does
he
have
【答案与解析】D。Neither/nor+倒装句，表示“……也不是”，因为这句话是一般现在时，所
以选D。句意：这个受采访的人展示自己比别人的优势内心没有羞愧，也没有外
在的恐惧。
①—Tom
hadn’t
passed
the
exam
and
was
afraid
of
being
scolded.
—_______.
A.
So
Jim
was
B.
So
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as
Jim
C.
Neither
had
Jim
D.
It’s
the
same
with
Jim
【答案与解析】D。句意：“汤姆没有通过考试又害怕被训斥。”“吉姆也一样。”it’s
the
same
with…表前
面出现的两种或两种以上的情况也适合于另一人。故选C。
②
—If
my
sister
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )goes
to
watch
the
singing
competition
named
I’m
a
singer
next
time,
_______.
The
competition
is
well
organized.
—_______.
A.
so
do
I;
So
is
it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
so
do
I;
So
it
is
C.
so
will
I;
So
is
it
D.
so
will
I;
So
it
is
【答案与解析】D。句意：“如果我妹妹下次去看《我是歌手》，我也会去。比赛组织得好好。”“确实如
此。”So+do/does/did/will/can/...+主语，意为“某人也一样”，前一个人的情况也适合第
二个；so+主语+be
动词/do/can/will
等，意为“某人/物确实……”，强调前一个人说的
情况是真实的。If
从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用将来时，排除A、B，答语指的
是第一个人说的是事实，排除C，故选D。
⑦其它形式的完全倒装
Present
at
the
meeti
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
are
some
well-known
scientists.
一些知名的科学家出席了会议。(形容词短语在句首)
Such
was
the
story
he
told
me.他给我讲的故事就是这样的。(代词在句首)
First
to
unfold
was
the
map
of
the
world.
首先要打开的是世界地图。(不定式短语在句首)
Gone
are
the
days
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen
he
was
looked
down
upon.他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。(过去分词在句首)
Covering
much
of
the
earth’s
surface
is
a
blanket
of
water.
覆盖地球大部分表面的是水。(现在分词短语在句首)
强调句
强调句的基本用法
强调句的两种基本句型
1.It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋原句的剩余部分
被强调的部分可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和
状语，但不能是定语或谓语。表示强调的it
在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it
本身没有词义。一般讲，
原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来等各种时态，用It
is…that…；如果原句谓语动词是过去范畴的各种时态，
则用It
was…
that…。如果强调的主语为人也可以用who
代替that，强调的宾语为人也可以用who
或whom
代替that。
▲对主语(从句)的强调
①John’s
success
has
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )othing
to
do
with
good
luck.
It
is
years
of
hard
work
_______
has
made
him
what
he
is
today.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
when
D.
that
【答案与解析】D。原句为：Ye
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars
of
hard
work
has
made
him
what
he
is
today.对原句中的主语“years
of
hard
work”进行强调。句意：约翰的成功与好运无关。是多年来努力工作才铸造了今天的他。
②It’s
not
what
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
do
once
in
a
while
_______
shapes
our
lives,
but
what
we
do
consistently.
A
.which
B.
that
C.
how
D.
when
【答案与解析】B。原句为：Not
what
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we
do
once
in
a
while
but
what
we
do
consistently
shapes
our
lives.对
原句中的主语从句“what
we
do
once
in
a
while”
进行强调。句意：塑造我们生活的不是
我们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们一贯所做的事情。
▲对宾语(从句)的强调
①—Is
it
height
and
weight
_______
the
interviewer
pays
attention
to
—Absolutely
not.
He
will
consider
_______
important
to
be
experienced
A.
which;
it
B.
that
;
it
C.
which
;
that
D.
that
;
that
【答案与解析】B。第一空的原句为：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Does
the
interviewer
pay
attention
to
height
and
weight 对原句中的宾
语“height
and
weight”进行强调；第二空用形式it，it
在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语
为后面的不定式短语。句意：“面试官注意的是不是人的身高和体重啊？”“绝对不是。
面试官会认为有经验才是重要的。”
②I
don’t
mind
her
crit
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icizing
me,
but
_______
is
how
she
does
it
that
I
object
to.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
this
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。后面的原句为：but
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )object
to
how
she
does
it.对原句中宾语从句“how
she
does
it”
进
行强调。句意：我不介意她对我的批评，不过她那种批评的方式我是反对的。
▲对状语(从句)的强调
①—Have
you
seem
the
film
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree
—Of
course,
I
have.
It
was
in
our
village
_______
it
was
made.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
when
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。原句为：It
was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )made
in
our
village.对原句中的地点状语“in
our
village”进行强调。句
意：“你看过《山楂树之恋》这部电影吗？”“当然看过，这部电影是在我们村庄拍摄的。”
②It
was
80
years
befor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
Christopher
Columbus
crossed
the
Atlantic
_______
Zheng
He
sailed
to
East
Africa.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
after
D.
since
【答案与解析】B。原句为：Zheng
He
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
sailed
to
East
Africa
80
years
before
Christopher
Columbus
crossed
the
Atlantic.对原句中
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时间状语“80
years
before
Christopher
Columbus
crossed
the
Atlantic”进行
强调。句意：早在克里斯多夫·哥伦布穿越大西洋的80
多年前，郑和就航行到了非洲东
海岸。
③It
was
when
we
were
r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eturning
home
_______
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
how
【答案与解析】B。原句为：When
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we
were
returning
home
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
对原句中时间状语从句“When
we
were
returning
home”进行强调。句
意：正是在我们回家的路上我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选
B。
④It
was
with
the
help
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of
the
local
guide
_______
the
mountain
climber
was
rescued.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
when
D.
how
【答案与解析】B。原句为：With
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )help
of
the
local
guide
the
mountain
climber
was
rescued.
对原句中条
件状语“With
the
help
of
the
local
guide”进行强调。句意：在当地向导的帮助下，登山者才
得以获救。
⑤It
was
_______
she
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as
injured
in
the
accident
_______
she
didn’t
come
to
the
party
yesterday.
A.
as;
which
B.
because;
that
C
since;
why
D.
for;
how
【答案与解析】B。原句为：Bec
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ause
she
was
injured
in
the
accident
she
didn’t
come
to
the
party
yesterday.
对
原句中原因状语从句“Because
she
was
injured
in
the
accident”进行强调。句意：她昨天没
有来参加晚会，是因为她在事故中受了伤。
2.谓语动词的强调
It
is/
was
…
that
…结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does
或did。有以下情况：
(1)do
用于强调肯定的祈使句以及实义动词为一般现在时的肯定句(主语是第三人称单数改用does)
Do
sit
down.务必请坐。
Do
be
careful
when
you
cross
the
street.过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！
They
do
work
hard
at
English.他们对英语的学习确实很努力。
He
does
send
an
email
to
me
every
day.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。
(2)did
用于对实义动词为一般过去时肯定句的强调
He
did
do
his
homework
yesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。
强调句的重点点击
1.强调句的变式(一般疑问句形式，特殊疑问句形式和反意疑问句形式)
句式基本特征：Is/Was
it
+被强调部分+
that…；或情态动词+it+
be+被强调部分+
that…
句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was
it
that…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+
that…
句式基本特征：It
is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t
/
wasn’t
it？
①Was
it
in
1969
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______
the
American
astronauts
succeeded
_______
landing
on
the
moon

A.
when;
on
B.
that;
on
C.
when;
in
D.
that;
in
【答案与解析】D。原句为：Did
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
American
astronauts
succeed
in
landing
on
the
moon
in
1969
对时间状
语“in
1969”强调后的陈述句就是：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )It
was
in
1969
that
the
American
astronauts
succeeded
in
landing
on
the
moon.将陈述句改为一般疑问句形式就是题干。句意：美国宇航员成功登上
月球是在1969
年吗？
②Could
it
be
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
the
restaurant
in
_______
you
had
dinner
with
me
yesterday
_______
you
lost
your
handbag
A.
that;
which
B.
which;
that
C.
where;
that
D.
that;
where
【答案与解析】B。这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应
为定语从句，结合介词in
应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的
that
分句。句意：有没有可能是在昨天你与我一起吃饭的饭馆，你把你的手提包丢啦？
③Was
it
because
Jack
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
came
late
for
school
_______
Mr.
Smith
got
angry
A.
why
B.
who
C.
where
D.
that
【答案与解析】D。强调句的基本结构“It
is/was+被强调成分that/who+其他成分”。本题强调的成分较为
特殊，强调的是原因状语从句because
Jack
came
late
for
school。句意：斯密斯先生是不
是因为杰克上学迟到才生气的啊？故D
正确。
④—_______
is
it
_______
has
made
Peter
_______
he
is
today
—Determination.
A.
What;
that;
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
That;
that;
what
C.
What;
what;
that
D.
What;
that;
what
【答案与解析】D。句意：“是什么(力量)造就了今天的他？”“决心(二字)。”本题结构复杂，乍一看难
以理清，但还原该句就可以理清句子结构：
Determination
has
made
Peter
what
he
is
today.
对主语进行强调：It
is
determination
that
has
made
Peter
what
he
is
today.
对划线部分提问：What
is
it
that
has
made
Peter
what
he
is
today
⑤It
was
Alice
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
boyfriend
who
sent
the
old
man
to
the
hospital,
_______
A.
do
they
B.
didn’t
they
C.
wasn’t
it
D.
was
it
【答案与解析】C。此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it
保持一致，不能和被强调部分
中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。句意：是不是爱丽丝和
她的男友把这位老大爷送往医院的？
2.强调句与其它句型的结合
(1)与名词从句的结合
句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
①I’ve
already
forgotten
_______
you
put
the
dictionary.
A.
that
it
was
there
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
where
was
it
that
C.
that
where
it
was
D.
where
it
was
that
【答案与解析】D。句意：我已经忘记了你把字典放在哪儿了。本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从
句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。
第一步：复原→It
was
on
the
desk
that
I
put
the
dictionary.
第二步：对划线部分提问→Where
was
it
that
you
put
the
dictionary
第三步：变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten
的宾语从句则变为：
I’ve
already
forgotten
where
it
was
that
you
put
the
dictionary.
②It
was
at
the
very
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eginning
_______
Mr.
Fox
made
the
decision
_______
we
should
send
more
firefighters
there.
A.
when;
which
B.
where;
what
C.
then;
so
D.
that;
that
【答案与解析】D。原句为：At
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very
beginning
Mr.
Fox
made
the
decision
that
we
should
send
more
firefighters
there.对时间状语“at
the
very
beginning”进行强调，所以第一个that
为强调句
型中的that；第二个that
引导同位语从句，说明the
decision
的内容。句意：就在最初福
克斯先生就作出了决定我们应该向那儿派出更多的消防员。
(2)与定语从句的结合
句式特征为：在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，
这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型
中的that/who
部分。
①It
was
in
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )small
house
_______
was
built
with
stones
by
his
father
_______
he
spent
his
childhood.
A.
which;
that
B.
that;
where
C.
which;
which
D.
that;
which
【答案与解析】A。原句为：He
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pent
his
childhood
in
the
small
house
which
was
built
with
stones
by
his
father.对地点状语(其中含有定语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句)“in
the
small
house
which
was
built
with
stones
by
his
father.”进行强调。句意：就是在那间由他父亲用石头垒起来的小房子里他度过了他的童年。
②Is
_______
three
hour
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
_______
the
boy
_______
family
is
poor
to
come
to
school
on
foot
A.
it;
that;
whose
B.
it;
that
it
takes;
whose
C.
it
for;
that
it
takes;
whose
D.
it;
when;
that;
【答案与解析】B。句意：那个家里很穷的男孩步行来上学是不是得用三个小时啊？本题比较结构复
杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It
takes
sb.
some
time
to
do
sth.的糅合。
我们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式It
takes
the
boy
three
hours
to
come
to
school
on
foot.
第二步：以the
boy
为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：
It
takes
the
boy
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )whose
family
is
poor
three
hours
to
come
to
school
on
foot.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：
It
is
three
hou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs
that
it
takes
the
boy
whose
family
is
poor
to
come
to
school
on
foot.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即可得到答案。
③It
was
1949
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
the
PRC
was
founded.
It
was
in
the
year
_______
I
was
born.
A.
that,
that
B.
that,
when
C.
when,
that
D.
when,
when
【答案与解析】C。第一空引导的是定语从句；第二空是强调句。对比：It
was
the
year
when
I
was
born(也
就是我出生的那一年)。when
引导定语从句。句意：1949
年，中华人民共和国成立了。
也就是那一年我出生了。
(3)与(not)…until
句型的结合
句式特征为：It
is/was
until
+被强调部分+that
+延续性动词
It
is/was
not
until+被强调部分+that+短暂性动词
①It
was
_______
last
y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ear
_______
he
worked
as
an
English
teacher
at
a
middle
school.
A.
not
until,
that
B.
not
until,
when
C.
until,
that
D.
until,
when
【答案与解析】C。原句为：He
worke
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
as
an
English
teacher
at
a
middle
school
until
last
year.对时间状语
“until
last
year”进行强调。注意：work
是延续性动词，不是短暂性动词。句意：直到去
年他还在一所中学当老师。
②It
was
not
unt
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )il
near
the
end
of
the
letter
_______
she
mentioned
her
own
plan.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
why
D.
when
【答案与解析】A。原句为：She
didn’
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
mention
her
own
plan
until
near
the
end
of
the
letter.转换成倒装句：
Not
until
near
the
end
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
the
letter
did
she
mention
her
own
plan.再对时间状语“not
until
near
the
end
of
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
letter”进行强调后就变成了：It
was
not
until
near
the
end
of
the
letter
that
she
mentioned
her
own
plan.句意：直到快接近信的末尾，她才提到了她自己的计划。
(4)与时间状语从句的结合
①It
was
a
month
later
_______
he
left
the
city
where
he
was
born.
A.
until
B.
before
C.
since
D.
that
【答案与解析】D。去掉It’s
和that
之后，剩下部分仍然是个完整的句子，所以此为强调句型。句意：
就是在一个月以后，他离开了他出生的城市。
②—Is
it
for
two
months
_______
they
have
stayed
here
—
No.
It’s
only
three
weeks
_______
they
arrived
here.
A.
that;
since
B.
that;
after
C.
since;
before
D.
when;
that
【答案与解析】A。第一空为强调句；第二空为“It
is+一段时间+since
状语从句”的句型。句意：“他
们呆在这儿是不是已经有两个月啦？”“不是的。他们到这儿才三个周呢。”
3.强调句型中的对等结构
在强调句型中，有时强调，not
…but…/…not…/…rather
than
…等连接的平行对等结构，此时既要注重对
等结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。
句式特征为：
▲It
is/was
not…but…that…不是……而是……(that
后的动词与but
后的名词或代词保持一致)
▲It
is/was…that…
not
…是……而不是……
▲It
is
/was…
not
…that…是……而不是……(that
后的动词应与not
前的名词或代词保持一致)
▲It
is/was…rather
than
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…that…是……而不是……(that
后的动词应与rather
than
前的名词或代词保持一致)
①It’s
not
doing
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
things
we
like,
but
liking
the
things
we
have
to
do
_______
makes
life
happy.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
what
D.
who
【答案与解析】A。原句为：Not
do
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
the
things
we
like
but
liking
the
things
we
have
to
do
makes
life
happy.
对“not…but…”连接的主语进行强调。句意：不是做我们喜欢的事情，而是喜欢我们不
得不做的事情才让我们的生活感到快乐。
②It
is
the
ability
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )do
the
job
_______
matters
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are.
A.
one
B.
that
C.
what
D.
it
【答案与解析】B。原句为：The
ab
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ility
to
do
the
job
matters
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are.对主语“the
ability
to
do
the
job”进行强调。句意：重要的是你的工作能力，而不是你哪里人或者你是谁。
③It
is
not
how
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )much
we
do
but
how
much
love
we
put
into
what
we
do
_______
benefits
our
work
most.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
【答案与解析】C。原句为：N
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot
how
much
we
do
but
how
much
love
we
put
into
what
we
do
benefits
our
work
most..对“not…but…”连接的主语进行强调。句意：不是我们做了多少，而是我们对
所做的事情投入了多少爱心对我们的工作才是最有利的。
④Personally
I
think
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
is
the
sales
manager,
rather
than
the
sales
girls,
_______
to
blame.
A.
is
B.
that
is
C.
are
D.
who
are
【答案与解析】B。原句为：Persona
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly
I
think
the
sales
manager,
rather
than
the
sales
girls,
is
to
blame.
对
“the
sales
mana
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ger,
rather
than
the
sales
girls”进行强调。强调部分中的连系动词应该与“the
sales
manager”在人称和数上保持一致。that
is=who
is。句意：就我个人认为，应该受到
责备的是销售部经理而不是那些女销售员。
4.强调句型的省略形式
句式特征为：在一定的上下文中，强调句的某个部分可以省略。解题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。
①—Who
is
making
so
much
noise
in
the
garden
—_______
the
children.
A.
It
is
B.
They
are
C.
That
is
D.
There
are
【答案与解析】A。强调句型在具体的语境中的省略，其完整形式应是：It
is
the
children
that/who
are
making
so
much
noise
in
the
garden.句意：“谁在花园里这么吵吵闹闹的？”“是孩子们。”
②—He
was
nearly
drowned
once.
—When
was
that
—_______
was
in
1998
_______
he
was
in
middle
school.
A.
That;
that
B.
it;
when
C.
This;
that
D.
It;
that
【答案与解析】B。强调句中的一种省略，完整
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形式是：It
was
in
1998
when
he
was
in
middle
school
that
he
was
nearly
drowned.句意：“他曾经差点溺死。”“那是什么时候的事 ”“那是1998
年
还在他上中学的时候。”
省略句
省略在英语运用中，尤其是在交际对话中普遍存在。因为它可以避免重复，突出关键词语，能做到言简
意赅，并使上下文紧密连接。在历年的高考题中也屡见不鲜。省略有词法上的省略，也有句法上的省略。
词法上的省略(如：名词所有格后修饰的名词在某些情况可以省略；冠词的省略；介词的省略；动词
不定式中的省略等)，请参看本系列讲座有关内容的讲解。所以本讲只讨论句法上的省略和替代性省略。
省略句的基本用法
1.句法上的省略
(1)简单句中的省略
—(Will
you)Have
a
smoke
你抽烟吗？
—No.
Thanks.不，谢谢了。
(Is
there)Anything
else
to
say
还有别的要说吗？
(Have
you)Got
a
light
有火吗？
(2)并列句中的省略
①如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分
John
must
hav
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
been
playing
football
and
Mary
(must
have
been)
doing
her
homework.
约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。
②主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略
His
suggestions
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade
John
happy,
but
(his
suggestions
made)
Mary
angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。
③主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语
Old
McDonald
ga
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve
up
smoking
for
a
while,
but
(he)
soon
returned
to
his
old
ways.
老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。
④在并列复合句中，如果that
从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第
一个并列句相同时，这个that
从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。
Jack
will
sing
at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
party,
but
I
know
John
won’t(sing
at
the
party).
杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。
(3)状语从句中的省略(这一块知识可以参考本系列资料的专题09
非谓语动词)
当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be
动词时，常可以省
略从句中的主语和be
动词。
①在as,
before,
till,
once,
when,
while
等引导的时间状语从句中
While(I
was)waiting,
I
was
reading
some
magazines.我一边看杂志，一边等。
②在though,
although,等引导的让步状语从句中
Though
(they
were)
tired,
they
went
on
working.虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
③在if,
unless(=if...
not)等引导的条件状语从句中；
You
shouldn’t
come
to
his
party
unless
(you
were)
invited.
除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。
④在as,
as
if,
as
though
引导的让步状语从句中
He
did
as
(he
had
been)told.他按照被告知的那样去做了。
He
paused
as
if(he
was)expecting
her
to
speak.他停下来，好像是在期待她说话。
2.替代性省略
在某些动词后，用…so
替代一个句子，表示肯定意义，用not…so
或…not
替代一个句子，表示否定意义。
这种省略形式常常出现在交际用语中。
①—Do
you
think
it’s
going
to
rain
over
the
weekend？
—_______.
A.
I
don’t
believe
B.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I
don’t
believe
it
C.
I
believe
not
D.
I
believe
not
so
【答案与解析】C。为了避免重复，用not
代替一个否定意义的宾语从句=I
don’t
believe
that
it’s
going
to
rain
over
the
weekend
。句意：“你认为这个周末要下雨吗？”“我相信不会。”
②—Hi,
Professor
Li.
What
time
is
it
now
Are
we
late
—_______.
A.
I’m
afraid
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
so
B.I
believe
not
C.
I’m
not
afraid
so
D.I
don’t
believe
【答案与解析】A。为了避免重复，用so
代替一个肯定意义的宾语从句。不确定的委婉说法。句意：“嘿，
李教授，现在是什么时间？我们迟到了吗？”“恐怕迟到了。”
③—Do
you
think
it’s
going
to
rain
over
the
weekend
—_______.
We’re
planning
to
go
on
a
picnic.
A.
I
think
so
B.
I
believe
not
C.
I
don’t
think
so
D.
I
hope
not
【答案与解析】D。句意：“你认为这个周末要下雨吗？”“希望不会。我们正计划着要去野餐呢!”
省略句的重点点击
具体语境中的省略，这是高考中的难点。
①—What
should
I
do
with
this
passage
—_______
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph.
A.
Finding
out
B.
Found
out
C.
Find
out
D.
To
find
out
【答案与解析】C。本题考查在具体语境中的省略，第二句补充完整应为You
should
find
out
the
main
idea
of
each
paragraph。
②—Can
I
speak
to
Mr.
Wang,
please
—_______.
A.
Who
are
you

B.
I’m
Wang.
C.
Speaking
D.
Are
you
Zhang
【答案与解析】C。汉语打电话中说“我是……”，英语打电话时自报姓名不用“I
am
…”。而用“This
is
…
speaking”
这一句型或其它省略
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形式。Speaking=This
is
Mr.
Wang
speaking=It’s
Mr.
Wang
speaking。
反意疑问句
反意疑问句是由一个陈述句再加上一个简短的一般疑问句(句中主语要用相应的代词)构成的。
反意疑问句的基本结构
如陈述部分为肯定形式，简短问句用否定式；如陈述部分为否定形式，简短问句用肯定式。
It’s
the
first
time
that
he
has
been
to
Australia,
isn’t
it
Sarah
had
her
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
washing
machine
repaired
the
day
before
yesterday,
didn’t
she
He
hasn’t
finish
his
homework
yet,
has
he
反意疑问句的特别提示
1.前半部分为否定形式的反意疑问句的答语与汉语不同
一Tom
doesn’t
know
it,
does
he 汤姆不知道这事，对吧
一No,
he
doesn’t./Yes,
he
does.对，他不知道。/不，他知道。
2.陈述部分如含有“never/h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing”等否定词或半否定
词时，这部分应视为否定形式，简短问句就用肯定形式
He
was
hardly
twelve
then,
was
he 他当时几乎不到十二岁，是吗
3.陈述部分含有带“否定”前缀的词，则这部分应看做肯定形式，简短问句就用否定形式
She
dislikes
the
way
you
work,
doesn’t
she
4.祈使句的反意疑问句
肯定的祈使句，简短问句用“will
you”或“won’t
you”；否定的祈使句，简短问句用“will
you”。
Have
a
little
more
coffee,
will
you/won’t
you
再来点咖啡，好吗
When
you’ve
finished
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with
that
book,
don’t
forget
to
put
it
back
on
the
shelf,
will
you
5.陈述部分含有“must”表推测时的反意疑问句
陈述部分中的must
表“一定，想必”等推测意义时，要根据陈述句部分的真实结构，在简短问句中采用
与其相符合的助动词形式。
①对现在存在状态的推测
You
must
be
hung
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
now,
aren’t
you 你此刻一定很饿，对吧 =I’m
sure
you’re
hungry
now,
aren’t
you
②对现在进行情况的推测
He
must
be
helping
the
old
man
to
water
the
flowers,
isn’t
he
③对现在完成情况的推测
Tom
must
have
lived
here
for
a
long
time,
hasn’t
he
汤姆一定在这儿生活了很久，对吗
=I’m
sure
Tom
has
lived
here
for
a
long
time,
hasn’t
he
④对过去发生事情的推测
She
must
have
arrived
yesterday,
didn’t
she 她昨天一定来了，对吗
=I’m
sure
she
arrived
yesterday,
didn’t
she (陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语yesterday)
6.陈述部分的主语为“this/that/everything”等时，简短问句的主语用“it”
Everything
is
all
right,
isn’t
it
7.陈述部分的主语为“everyone/
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )everybody/anyone/anybody/nobody/no
one/someone”等时，简短
问句的主语用“he”，口语中也用“they”
Everyone
knows
the
answer,
doesn’t
he/don’t
they
8
.如陈述部分的谓语动词是wish，则简短问句用可提前的情态动词may
I
wish
to
call
on
you
tonight,
may
I
9.陈述部分是“there
be”句型时，简短问句的主语用“there”
There
used
to
be
a
village
near
the
mountain,
usedn’t
there
There
was
a
loud
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )scream
from
the
backstage
immediately
after
the
concert
ended,
wasn’t
there
10.在复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句的主谓语须与主句的主谓语保持一致
It
doesn’t
matter
if
they
want
to
come
to
your
party,
does
it
I
told
them
not
everybody
could
run
as
fast
as
you
did,
didn’t
I
11.如果陈述部分是“I/We
don’t
think/believe/suppose/imagine+宾语从句”，则简短问句的主语要
与宾语从句的主语保持一致。
I
don’t
think
he
is
forty,
is
he
我认为他没有四十岁，是吗
I’m
sure
you’d
rather
she
went
to
school
by
bus,
wouldn’t
you
I
don’t
suppose
anyone
will
volunteer,
will
they

但如果主句的主语不是第一人称时，就要特别注意：反意疑问句要与主句保持一致。
Mrs.
Black
doesn’
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
believe
her
son
is
able
to
design
a
digital
camera,
does
she
Brian
told
you
that
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere
wasn’t
anyone
in
the
room
at
that
time,
didn’t
he __2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题13特殊句式
高考押题(原卷版)
1.—It
seems
that
there’s
something
wrong
with
your
elder
sister.
—Yes,
that’s
bec
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ause
so
much
money
_______
for
the
sculpture
that
she
was
very
angry.
A.
she
is
ch
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arged
B.
is
she
charged
C.
was
she
charged
D.
has
she
been
charged
2.Only
when
Shanghai
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ets
population
ceiling
_______
solutions
to
water
scarcity(水短缺）and
big
city
diseases
such
as
traffic
jam.
A.
it
can
find
B.
can
it
find
C.
has
it
found
D.
it
has
found
3._______
that
they
can’t
be
shown
in
the
maps.
A.
So
small
those
pon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds
and
streams
are
B.
So
small
are
those
ponds
and
streams
C.
So
those
ponds
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
streams
are
small
D.
So
are
those
ponds
and
streams
small
4.Not
once
_______
to
Michael
that
he
could
one
day
become
a
top
student
in
his
class.
A.
occurred
it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
it
did
occur
C.
it
occurred
D.
did
it
occur
5.—
It
was
fine
yesterday.
—_______.
And
a
good
day
for
picnicking,
isn’t
it
A.
So
it
is
B.
So
is
it
C.
So
it
was
D.
So
was
it
6.It
was
announced
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
only
when
the
terrible
disease
was
under
control
_______
to
return
to
their
homes.
A.
the
residents
would
decide
B.
would
the
residents
decide
C.
would
the
residen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts
be
decided
D.
the
residents
would
be
decided
7.—
As
a
teenager,
our
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
son
should
have
two
or
three
hobbies
to
be
really
happy.
一_______,
but
how
can
he
afford
the
time
with
so
much
homework
every
day
A.
So
does
he
B.
So
he
does
C.
So
should
he
D.
So
he
should
8.Under
no
circumstance
_______
to
buy
unnecessary
souvenirs.
A.
tourists
are
forced
B.
will
the
guide
force
tourists
C.
the
guide
will
force
tourists
D.
will
force
tourists
9._______
what
was
happening
when
he
was
captured.
A.
No
sooner
had
he
realized
B.
Hardly
had
he
realized
C.
As
soon
as
he
realized
D.
Hardly
did
he
realize
10.
_______,
they
had
no
chance
of
winning
the
war.
A.
As
they
fought
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ravely
B.
Bravely
though
they
fought
C.
Brave
as
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hey
fought
D.
Now
that
they
fought
bravely
11.To
recogniz
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
and
respect
a
country’s
own
culture
does
not
mean
to
close
the
door
to
the
others,
_______
to
stand
upon
a
principle
of
being
superior.
A.
and
it
me
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ans
B.
but
it
means
C.
so
does
it
mean
D.
neither
does
it
mean
12.As
is
shown
in
the
movie,
under
no
circumstances
_______
faith.
A.
you
should
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lose
B.
shouldn’t
you
have
C.
should
you
lose
D.
you
shouldn’t
have
13.Nowhere
_______
but
to
the
dance
party
on
Saturday
evenings.
A.
she
goes
B.
does
she
go
C.
is
she
going
D.
she
is
going
14.On
two
occasions
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
was
accused
of
stealing
money
from
the
company,
but
in
neither
case
_______
any
evidence
to
support
the
claims.
A.
was
there
B.
there
was
C.
had
there
been
D.
there
had
been
15.—With
this
New
Year
_______
new
challenges.
一Sure.
Global
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
economy
remains
uncertain,
and
many
countries
continue
to
struggle.
A.
comes
B.
will
come
C.
is
coming
D.
come
16.Next
door
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
ours
_______,who
seem
to
have
settled
in
this
community
for
quite
a
long
time.
A.
are
living
a
black
couple
B.
are
a
black
couple
living
C.
live
a
black
couple
D.
do
a
black
couple
live
17.Not
until
I
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uccessfully
land
my
university
_______
free
time
to
relax
myself.
A.
will
I
have
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
I
will
have
C.
won’t
I
have
D.
I
won’t
have
18.
_______
seven
or
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ight
countries
would
come
together
to
determine
the
direction
of
global
markets.
A.
Went
away
are
the
days
when
B.
Away
went
the
days
which
C.
Gone
are
the
days
when
D.
Went
are
the
days
that
19.Under
certai
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
circumstance
_______
in
life
more
agreeable
than
the
hour
dedicated
to
the
ceremony
known
as
afternoon
tea.
A.
there
are
few
hours
B.
are
there
few
hours
C.
there
have
few
hours
D.
have
there
hours
20.—I
heard
five
passengers
survived
the
accident
in
the
highway.
—
No,
_______
only
two,
a
driver
and
his
wife.
A.
There
was
B.
It
was
C.
There
had
D.
It
had
21.Do
you
still
re
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )member
how
many
years
ago
_______
we
first
met
on
campus
A.
was
it
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
it
was
that
C.
was
it
when
D.
it
was
when
22.It
was
not
until
I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )visited
Venice
_______
it
really
worthy
of
the
reputation
of
“the
water
world”.
A.
that
I
found
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
had
I
found
C.
when
I
did
find
D.
did
I
find
23.—
Can
you
expla
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
_______
China’s
football
team
failed
again
in
the
attempt
for
the
World
Cup
—
I
am
sorry,
but
this
is
the
last
time.
We
will
behave
ourselves.
A.
why
is
it
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
B.
why
it
is
that
C.
how
it
is
that
D.
how
is
it
that
24.—
How
was
it
_______
little
John
had
done
resulted
in
so
much
improvement
—
Through
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
great
skills
obtained
by
years
of
hard
work
and
practice.
A.
that
wheth
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
B.
whether
that
C.
that
what
D.
what
that
25.—Why
did
the
general
insist
_______
a
visit
to
the
small
village
—It
was
at
the
very
place
_______
he
fought
30
years
ago.
A.
on
paying,
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
B.
to
pay,
in
which
C.
on
paying,
where
D.
to
pay,
which
26.An
awful
traffic
accident
_______,
however,
occur
the
other
day.
A.
does
B.
did
C.
has
to
D.
had
to
27.My
voice
was
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
little
and
the
shop
owner
had
to
bend
down
to
hear
_______
I
wanted
to
buy.
A.
what
it
was
B.
it
was
what
C.
what
it
was
that
D.
what
was
that
28.It
was
the
cult
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure,
rather
than
the
language,
_______
made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad
A.
where
B.
why
C.
that
D.
what
29.It
_______
we
had
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tayed
together
for
a
couple
of
weeks
_______
I
found
we
are
very
different
people.
A.
was
until;
when
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
was
until;
that
C.
wasn’t
until;
when
D.
wasn’t
until;
that
30.—Where
did
you
find
the
wallet
I
lost
yesterday
—It
was
on
the
playground
_______
we
played
basketball.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
31.It
was
the
middle
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f
the
night
_______
my
father
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
when
32.—You should have told her about the meaning of the gesture.
—I meant
_______, but I had some unexpected guests.

A.
to
B.
to
have
C.
to
do
so
D.
doing
so
33.—
Did
you
attend
the
meeting
for
the
experiment
project
yesterday
—
Yes,
but
I
don’t
think
I
_______
because
my
director
was
there.
A.
need
have
B.
needed
to
C.
need
to
have
D.
need
to
34.If
the
weather
is
fine,
we’ll
go.
If
_______,
_______.
A.
not;
not
B.
no;
no
C.
not;
no
D.
no;
not
35.You
must
have
missed
the
first
train
yesterday,
________
you
A.
weren’t
B.
didn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
haven’t
36.I’m
afraid
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
might
have
been
1000
audience
in
the
concert
last
night,
_______
A.
am
not
I
B.
aren’t
I
C.
mightn’t
there
D.
weren’t
there
37._______
care
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fully
if
any
change
occurs
when
doing
experiments
in
the
lab..
A.
Observe
B.
To
observe
C.
Observed
D.
Observing
38.Give
me
a
chance,
_______
I’ll
give
you
a
wonderful
surprise.
A.
if
B.
or
C.
and
D.
while
39._______
at
the
door
before
you
enter
my
room,
please.
A.
Knock
B.
Knocking
C.
Knocked
D.
To
knock
40._______,
I
believe,
and
you
will
find
Tom
is
very
outgoing.
A.
Having
a
talk
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with
the
student
B.
Given
a
talk
with
the
student
C.
One
ta
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lk
with
the
student
D.
If
you
have
a
talk
with
the
student2017
届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题13
特殊句式
高考押题(解析版)
1.—It
seems
that
there’s
something
wrong
with
your
elder
sister.
—Yes,
that’s
because
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
much
money
_______
for
the
sculpture
that
she
was
very
angry.
A.
she
is
charged
B.
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
she
charged
C.
was
she
charged
D.
has
she
been
charged
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“你姐姐看上去似乎有点不对劲
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。”“是的，那是因为有人就那件雕刻品向她索要了那么多的钱，她很是生气。”because
引导的表语从句中是“so/such…that”结构，将so/such
…置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且这是说的过去的事情。故选C。
2.Only
when
Shanghai
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sets
population
ceiling
_______
solutions
to
water
scarcity(水短缺）and
big
city
diseases
such
as
traffic
jam.
A.
it
can
find
B.
can
it
find
C.
has
it
found
D.
it
has
found
【答案】B
【解析】only—词位于句首时
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，其后紧跟的条件句不需要倒装，后面的主句要使用部分倒装，题目中不表示完成，故选B。句意：只有当上海设定城市人口上限的时候它才能找到解决水短缺和诸如交通拥堵等大城市弊端的问题的方法。
3._______
that
they
can’t
be
shown
in
the
maps.
A.
So
small
those
pon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds
and
streams
are
B.
So
small
are
those
ponds
and
streams
C.
So
those
pond
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
and
streams
are
small
D.
So
are
those
ponds
and
streams
small
【答案】B
【解析】“so/such...t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat，如此……以致……
”结构中so/such
修饰的成分位于首时，句子用部分分倒装。句意：这些池塘和溪流如此的小以致在地图上无法显示出来。故选B。
4.Not
once
_______
to
Michael
that
he
could
one
day
become
a
top
student
in
his
class.
A.
occurred
it
B.
it
did
occur
C.
it
occurred
D.
did
it
occur
【答案】D
【解析】否定词not
置于句首，句子要用部分倒装。故选D。句意：迈克尔成为班里的第一名这样的情况一次也没有发生过。
5.—
It
was
fine
yesterday.
—_______.
And
a
good
day
for
picnicking,
isn’t
it
A.
So
it
is
B.
So
is
it
C.
So
it
was
D.
So
was
it
【答案】B
【解析】so
作“也”讲时，引导的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句子用倒装语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。句意：“昨天天气很好”“今天也很好而且很适合野营，对吗？”
6.It
was
ann
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ounced
that
only
when
the
terrible
disease
was
under
control
_______
to
return
to
their
homes.
A.
the
residents
would
decide
B.
would
the
residents
decide
C.
would
the
residents
be
decided
D.
the
residents
would
be
decided
【答案】B
【解析】only+副词，介词短语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，状语从句放在句首时，主句谓语用部分倒装，将be
动词，助动词，情态动词放在主语前面，这句话only
后面接时间状语从句，位于从句的句首，后面的主句要倒装。句意：据宣布只有当可怕的疾病被控制住，居民才决定回家。the
residents
和decide
是主动关系，选B
项。
7.—
As
a
teena
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ger,
our
son
should
have
two
or
three
hobbies
to
be
really
happy.
一_______,
but
how
ca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
he
afford
the
time
with
so
much
homework
every
day
A.
So
does
he
B.
So
he
does
C.
So
should
he
D.
So
he
should
【答案】D
【解析】表示“的确如此”的句型是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )：so+主语+be/情态动词/助动词；so
+be/情态动词/助动词+主语，表示“某人也一样”
。原句用的should，再根据句意，选择D。句意：“作为一个青少年，我们儿子要真正快乐的话应当有两到三个业余爱好。”“的确如此，但是每天有如此多的作业他又如何抽得出时间呢？”
8.Under
no
circumstance
_______
to
buy
unnecessary
souvenirs.
A.
tourists
are
forced
B.
will
the
guide
force
tourists
C.
the
guide
will
force
tourists
D.
will
force
tourists
【答案】B
【解析】短语under
no
ci
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rcumstance“决不，无论如何不”放句首时，后面句子用部分倒装语序，排除A、C
选项，而D
选项句子缺少主语，所以答案选B。句意：无论如何导游都不能强迫游客去买没必要买的纪念品。
9._______
what
was
happening
when
he
was
captured.
A.
No
sooner
had
he
realized
B.
Hardly
had
he
realized
C.
As
soon
as
he
realized
D.
Hardly
did
he
realize
【答案】B
【解析】hardly…wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en,
no
sooner…than“一……就……，还没……就……”，否定词置于句首，用部分倒装，且主句中要用过去完成时。句意：他还没有意识到发生了什么事情就被俘获了。
10.
_______,
they
had
no
chance
of
winning
the
war.
A.
As
they
fought
bravely
B.
Bravely
though
they
fought
C.
Brave
as
they
fought
D.
Now
that
they
fought
bravely
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查adj./adv
+
as
+
主语+
谓语。句意：尽管他们战斗得很勇敢，但他们没有机会赢得战争。故B
正确。
11.To
recognize
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
respect
a
country’s
own
culture
does
not
mean
to
close
the
door
to
the
others,
_______
to
stand
upon
a
principle
of
being
superior.
A.
and
it
means
B.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
but
it
means
C.
so
does
it
mean
D.
neither
does
it
mean
【答案】D
【解析】前一分句是否定句，后
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一分句应用neither
或nor
倒装。故判断选D。句意：承认和尊重一个国家自己的文化并不意味着闭门锁国，也不意味着妄自尊大。
12.As
is
shown
in
the
movie,
under
no
circumstances
_______
faith.
A.
you
should
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
lose
B.
shouldn’t
you
have
C.
should
you
lose
D.
you
shouldn’t
have
【答案】C
【解析】under
no
ci
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rcumstances“无论如何都不”位于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装，再结合句意可知应选C
项。句意：正如电影中向我们展示的那样，无论在什么情况下，你都不应该失去信心。
13.Nowhere
_______
but
to
the
dance
party
on
Saturday
evenings.
A.
she
goes
B.
does
she
go
C.
is
she
going
D.
she
is
going
【答案】B
【解析】否定副词“nowhere”位于句首时，句子用倒装。句意：每每周六的晚上除了去参加舞会外她没有什么地方可去。故选B。
14.On
two
occasio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns
he
was
accused
of
stealing
money
from
the
company,
but
in
neither
case
_______
any
evidence
to
support
the
claims.
A.
was
there
B.
there
was
C.
had
there
been
D.
there
had
been
【答案】A
【解析】因为该句前有否定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词neither，所以要用倒装句的语序。又因为该句中没有明显的过去的时间点，所以用一般过去式而不用过去完成时。句意：有两次他被起诉偷了公司的钱，但是不管那一次，都没有任何证据来支持这些诉讼请求。故选A。
15.—With
this
New
Year
_______
new
challenges.
一Sure.
Global
eco
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nomy
remains
uncertain,
and
many
countries
continue
to
struggle.
A.
comes
B.
will
come
C.
is
coming
D.
come
【答案】D
【解析】该句为全倒装。如果不倒装的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )话，应为：New
challenges
_______
with
the
new
year.
由此可知New
challenges(复数)作句子的主语。又因为New
Year
和new
challenges
为同时发生(均为一般现在时)，故其谓语动词应用come。句意：“新的一年带来了新的挑战。”“肯定是的。全球经济仍不确定以及许多国家不断地进行争斗。”
16.Next
door
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ours
_______,who
seem
to
have
settled
in
this
community
for
quite
a
long
time.
A.
are
living
a
black
couple
B.
are
a
black
couple
living
C.
live
a
black
couple
D.
do
a
black
couple
live
【答案】C
【解析】next
door
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
ours
是地点状语，置于句首时句子要全部倒装，即主谓倒装。句意：我们隔壁住着一对黑人夫妇，他们似乎已经在这个社区定居很久了。故选C。
17.Not
until
I
success
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fully
land
my
university
_______
free
time
to
relax
myself.
A.
will
I
have
B.
I
will
have
C.
won’t
I
have
D.
I
won’t
have
【答案】A
【解析】“not
until”置
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于句首用倒装句。not
until
是主句一般现在时，从句一般将来时，所以选A。句意：直到成功考取大学我才有时间放松自己。
18.
_______
seve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
or
eight
countries
would
come
together
to
determine
the
direction
of
global
markets.
A.
Went
away
are
the
days
when
B.
Away
went
the
days
which
C.
Gone
are
the
days
when
D.
Went
are
the
days
that
【答案】C
【解析】这里是把表语go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne
提前，用完全倒装句。正常的语序应该是：
The
days
when
seven
or
eight
countries
would
come
together
to
determine
the
direction
of
global
markets.
are
gone.因为主语太长所以后置，选C。句意是：七八个国家总是聚在一起决定全球市场方向的日子已经一去不复返了。
19.Under
certain
cir
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cumstance
_______
in
life
more
agreeable
than
the
hour
dedicated
to
the
ceremony
known
as
afternoon
tea.
A.
there
are
few
hours
B.
are
there
few
hours
C.
there
have
few
hours
D.
have
there
hours
【答案】A
【解析】“under
no
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ircumstances(决不)”位于句首需要用部分倒装，但本题“under
certain
circumstance”不表示否定，而是“在某些情况下”的意思，位于句首不需要倒装，再结合“there
be”句式可知，A
项符合题意。句意：在某些情况下，生活中很少有比把时间用在名为下午茶的仪式上更令人惬意的事了。
20.—I
heard
five
passengers
survived
the
accident
in
the
highway.
—
No,
_______
only
two,
a
driver
and
his
wife.
A.
There
was
B.
It
was
C.
There
had
D.
It
had
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“我听说有五个人在高速公路的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )事故中幸存了下来。”“不，只有两个，一个司机和他的妻子。”此处为强调结构的省略，补充完整为“It
was
only
two,
a
driver
and
his
wife
who
survived
the
accident
in
the
highway”，故选B。
21.Do
you
still
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )remember
how
many
years
ago
_______
we
first
met
on
campus
A.
was
it
that
B.
it
was
that
C.
was
it
when
D.
it
was
when
【答案】B
【解析】宾语从句中的强调句型。r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emember
为谓语动词，后面为宾语从句，需要用陈述语序。强调句型为It
is
\was
…that
…，故B
正确。句意：你还记得是多少年前，我们第一次在校园里遇见的么？
22.It
was
not
un
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )til
I
visited
Venice
_______
it
really
worthy
of
the
reputation
of
“the
water
world”.
A.
that
I
found
B.
had
I
found
C.
when
I
did
find
D.
did
I
find
【答案】A
【解析】原句为：I
did
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t
find
it
really
worthy
of
the
reputation
of
“the
water
world”
until
I
visited
Venice.故选A。
句意：直到我参观了威尼斯，我才发现它真的是名副其实的“水上世界”的美誉。
23.—
Can
you
ex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )plain
_______
China’s
football
team
failed
again
in
the
attempt
for
the
World
Cup
—
I
am
sorry,
but
this
is
the
last
time.
We
will
behave
ourselves.
A.
why
is
it
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B.
why
it
is
that
C.
how
it
is
that
D.
how
is
it
that
【答案】B
【解析】强调句的特殊疑问句结构。根据第二句话
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我们得知第一句话的句意：你能否解释中国足球队为何又没能进入世界杯？特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调，其强调结构是“疑问词+is
(was)
it
that... 根据句意，是用“why”引导而不是“how”所以排除CD。而且句中的强调句结构所在的句子是跟在动词“explain”后面做宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，也就是“疑问词+
it
is
(was)
that…”
故选B。
24.—
How
was
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
_______
little
John
had
done
resulted
in
so
much
improvement
—
Through
his
gre
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
skills
obtained
by
years
of
hard
work
and
practice.
A.
that
whether
B.
whether
that
C.
that
what
D.
what
that
【答案】C
【解析】上文的原句为：Ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w
did
what
little
John
had
done
result
in
so
much
improvement
对“how”进行强调，用that。what
引导的是主语从句。句意：“小约翰所做的事情是如何带来了如此大的改进的？”
“通过多年的艰苦工作和实践获得的棒棒的技能。”
25.—Why
did
the
general
insist
_______
a
visit
to
the
small
village
—It
was
at
the
very
place
_______
he
fought
30
years
ago.
A.
on
paying,
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
to
pay,
in
which
C.
on
paying,
where
D.
to
pay,
which
【答案】A
【解析】insist
on
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oing
sth
坚持做某事，it
is/was...that
可以强调除谓语以外的任何成分，去掉这三个词后，句子是完整的，这里强调的是地点状语，故选A。句意：“将军为什么坚持要拜访那个小村庄？”“那里正是他三十年前战斗过的地方。”
26.An
awful
traffic
accident
_______,
however,
occur
the
other
day.
A.
does
B.
did
C.
has
to
D.
had
to
【答案】B
【解析】这是一个对谓语进行强调的句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子。时间状语the
other
day
表示过去，所以要用一般过去时。由于在主语和谓语中间插入了however，增加了试题的难度。注意：对谓语强调句子必须用于肯定句的一般现在时或过去时中，在谓语动词前加does，do
或did。句意：几天前，的确发生了一起可怕的交通事故。
27.My
voice
was
so
li
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttle
and
the
shop
owner
had
to
bend
down
to
hear
_______
I
wanted
to
buy.
A.
what
it
was
B.
it
was
what
C.
what
it
was
that
D.
what
was
that
【答案】C
【解析】分析句子结构可知，该宾语从
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句也是一个强调句的特殊疑问句。且应注意从句的语序应为陈述句语序，故该题正确答案为C。句意：我的声音太小了，所以店主不得不弯下腰来听我到底想要买什么。
28.It
was
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
culture,
rather
than
the
language,
_______
made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad
A.
where
B.
why
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】C
【解析】强调的是句子的主语t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
culture,
rather
than
the
language；句意：是文化而不是语言让他很难适应国外新的环境。
29.It
_______
we
had
stayed
together
for
a
couple
of
weeks
_______
I
found
we
are
very
different
people.
A.
was
until;
when
B.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
was
until;
that
C.
wasn’t
until;
when
D.
wasn’t
until;
that
【答案】D
【解析】“It
was
not
unti
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l…that…”强调句型，即it
is/was
not
until+时间状语或状语从句+that+主句。句意：直到我们呆在一起两个星期我才发现我们是不同的两类人。故选D。
30.—Where
did
you
find
the
wallet
I
lost
yesterday
—It
was
on
the
playground
_______
we
played
basketball.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】这一道题很有可能会选择A，误
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以为是强调句，其实，这句话是个省略句，后面省略掉了that
I
found
the
wallet.这题考查的是定语从句，先行词为playground
作地点状语。故选B。句意：“你昨天在哪里找到我丢失的钱包的？”“在我打篮球的操场上(发现的)。”
31.It
was
the
middle
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of
the
night
_______
my
father
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
when
【答案】D
【解析】本句中的when
my
fat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game
是一个定语从句，修饰the
middle
of
the
night，主句的主语是it，指代时间。本题容易错选A
项，考生会认为是一个强调句型，但是the
middle
of
the
night
不能单独做时间状语，不是强调句型。故D
正确。句意：当我的父亲唤醒我并告诉我看足球赛时，那是半夜时分。
32.—You
should
have
told
her
about
the
meaning
of
the
gesture.
—I
meant
_______,
but
I
had
some
unexpected
guests.
A.
to
B.
to
have
C.
to
do
so
D.
doing
so
【答案】B
【解析】考查不定式省略。句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意：“你本应该告诉她这个手势的意思。”“我是打算这么做的，但是来了不速之客(把这事耽误了)。”mean
其意思是：打算时，后面需要加不定式，从句意看，是过去已经打算这么做了，所以用不定时的完成式来表达，故B
正确。
33.—
Did
you
attend
the
meeting
for
the
experiment
project
yesterday
—
Yes,
but
I
don’t
think
I
_______
because
my
director
was
there.
A.
need
have
B.
needed
to
C.
need
to
have
D.
need
to
【答案】A
【解析】…I
don’t
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ink
I
need
have(attended)….我们可以这样去理解：I
think
I
needn’t
have(attended)…。needn’t
have
done….表示“过去本不必……”，省略后面的attended。句意：“昨天你参加了该实验项目的会议了吗？”“参加了，但是我认为我本来没有必要参加的，因为我们的主任在那儿。”
34.If
the
weather
is
fine,
we’ll
go.
If
_______,
_______.
A.
not;
not
B.
no;
no
C.
not;
no
D.
no;
not
【答案】A
【解析】承上句的省略句。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )将省略句补全后就是：If
the
weather
is
not
fine,
we
will
not
go.句意：如果明天天气好的话，我们就去。如果不好，就不去。
35.You
must
have
missed
the
first
train
yesterday,
________
you
A.
weren’t
B.
didn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
haven’t
【答案】B
【解析】陈述句部分是含有“must
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示推测”的句子，该句是对过去发生的事所进行的推测，反意疑问句应该用一般过去时。故选B
项。该句所说的实质就是：You
missed
the
first
train.句意：你昨天肯定错过了头班火车，是吗？
36.I’m
afraid
there
mi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght
have
been
1000
audience
in
the
concert
last
night,
_______
A.
am
not
I
B.
aren’t
I
C.
mightn’t
there
D.
weren’t
there
【答案】D
【解析】句意：昨晚的音乐会上
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )恐怕有1000
名观众吧，是吗？当陈述部分是“I'm
afraid,
I
don't
think(suppose
expect
imagine
believe
等)+宾语从句”时，附加问句与从句一致I’m
sure
that
our
experiment
will
succeed,
won't
it ，故选D
项。
37._______
caref
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ully
if
any
change
occurs
when
doing
experiments
in
the
lab..
A.
Observe
B.
To
observe
C.
Observed
D.
Observing
【答案】A
【解析】本句实际上是一个祈使句，表示老师对
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于学生做实验的要求。在动词原形observe
的前面省略了句子的主语you。在when
的后面省略了you
are。因为有when
这个连词，使用when
前面必须是一个句子，BCD
三项都不能引起句子。故A
正确。句意：当你在实验室做实验的时候，要仔细观察是否有什么变化发生。
38.Give
me
a
chance,
_______
I’ll
give
you
a
wonderful
surprise.
A.
if
B.
or
C.
and
D.
while
【答案】C
【解析】本题的是“祈使句+连词+陈
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )述句”的特殊句式。该句型相当于：If
条件句，+主句；本句相当于：If
you
give
me
a
chance,
I’ll
give
you
a
wonderful
surprise.在变成条件句时，如果是一个肯定句，就使用连词and；如果成为一个否定句，就使用or；如：Hurry
up,
or
we
will
be
late.相当于：If
you
don’t
hurry
up,
you
will
be
late.句意：给我一个机会，我就会给你一个惊喜。故C
正确。
39._______
at
the
door
before
you
enter
my
room,
please.
A.
Knock
B.
Knocking
C.
Knocked
D.
To
knock
【答案与解析】A
【答案与解析】考查祈使句。祈使句中动词用原形。句意：请您先敲门再进我的房间。
40._______,
I
believe,
and
you
will
find
Tom
is
very
outgoing.
A.
Having
a
talk
with
the
student
B.
Given
a
talk
with
the
student
C.
One
talk
with
the
student
D.
If
you
have
a
talk
with
the
student
【答案】C
【解析】此处是祈使句的特殊形式
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，即：名词或名词短语,
and+句子(will
do)。比如：One
step
further
,and
you
will
fall
into
the
river.
正确答案为C。句意：我相信，只要你和汤姆交谈过一次，你就会发现他是个非常外向的学生。2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题13特殊句式
考点聚焦(学生版)
对于特殊句式这一块，高考主要考查的是倒装句、强调句；其次也会涉及省略句、反意疑问句、祈使句以及并列句等内容。
考点1
倒装句
部分倒装
▲否定词(包括短语)、介词短语或，某些副词置于句首时的倒装
①Nowhere
else,
as
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his
mother
told
us,
_______
except
the
cabin
in
the
backyard.
A.
did
he
go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
he
did
go
C.
went
he
D.
he
went
【答案与解析】
②—I
am
shocke
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
at
the
news
that
many
pupils
were
killed
in
the
terrible
traffic
accident.
—So
am
I.
Little
_______
the
safety
of
the
poor
children.
A.
did
the
loca
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
government
care
for
B.
the
local
government
cared
for
C.
did
the
local
go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vernment
care
about
D.
the
local
government
cared
about
【答案与解析】
③—
The
lady
starred
in
many
films.
—
Really
But
rarely
_______
in
public
nowadays.
A.
she
is
seen
B.
is
she
seen
C.
was
she
seen
D.
she
was
seen
【答案与解析】
▲no
sooner…than/hardly…when/scarcely…when句型中的倒装
①No
sooner
_______
at
the
airport
than
she
was
surrounded
by
many
reporters.
A.
has
the
star
arrived
B.
the
star
has
arrived
C.
the
star
had
arrived
D.
had
the
star
arrived
【答案与解析】
②_______
these
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ords
_______
the
warden
hit
him
on
the
head
with
the
soup
spoon.
A.
Hardly
had
he
spoken;
when
B.
Hardly
did
he
speak;
when
C.
No
sooner
did
he
speak;
than
D.
No
sooner
had
he
spoken;
when
【答案与解析】
▲so/such…that句型中的倒装
①_______
his
spare
time
that
his
English
has
improved
a
lot.21世纪教育网
A.
So
good
use
does
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
make
of
B.
Such
good
use
does
he
make
of
C.
He
makes
very
good
use
of
D.
He
makes
so
good
use
of
【答案与解析】
②So
absorbed
in
his
work
_______
that
not
a
sound
_______.
A.
was
the
pres
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ident;
did
she
dare
to
make
B.
was
the
president;
dared
she
to
make
C.
the
preside
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt
was;
she
dared
make
D.
the
president
was;
she
did
dare
to
make
【答案与解析】
③So
mysteriously
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_______
missing
that
many
puzzles
wait
to
be
solved.
A.
did
Flight
MH370
go
B.
Flight
MH370
went
C.
does
Flight
MH370
go
D.
had
Flight
MH370
gone
【答案与解析】
▲only+状语（从句）置于句首的倒装
①It
was
announced
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat
only
when
the
terrible
disease
was
under
control
_______
to
return
to
their
homes.
A.
the
residents
wo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld
decide
B.
would
the
residents
decide
C.
would
the
re
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sidents
be
decided
D.
the
residents
would
be
decided
【答案与解析】
②Only
in
this
way
_______
progress
in
your
English
.
A.
you
make
B.
can
you
make
C.
you
be
able
to
make
D.
will
you
able
to
make
【答案与解析】
▲“not
only+分句,but
(also)+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装
①_______
for
hi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
action
on
the
playing
field
,but
he
is
also
famous
for
the
things
that
he
does
off
the
playing
field.
A.
Not
he
is
only
known
B.
Not
only
is
he
known
C.
Only
is
he
known
not
D.
He
is
only
not
known
【答案与解析】
②The
boy
said
_______
couldn’t
he
work
out
the
problem
but
his
teacher
didn’t
know
how
to
do
it.
A.
though　　　
B.
never　　　　　
C.
hardly　　　　
D.
not
only
【答案与解析】
▲not
until引导的状语从句放在句首，从句不倒装，主句要部分倒装
①Not
until
he
failed
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
the
last
examination
_______
he
should
have
spent
more
time
on
study.
A.
did
he
re
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alize
B.
he
realized
C.
did
he
not
realize
D.
he
didn’t
realize
【答案与解析】
②_______
one
has
a
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hild
will
one
realize
how
great
one’s
parents
are.
A.
Until
B.
Until
not
C.
It
is
not
until
D.
Not
until
【答案与解析】
完全倒装
▲副词或介词短语置于句首时的倒装
①On
the
top
of
the
hill
_______
the
old
man
once
lived.
A.
a
temple
stands
there
in
which
B.
stands
a
temple
where
C.
a
temple
standing
on
which
D.
does
a
temple
stand
where
【答案与解析】
②At
the
bell,
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
door
opened
and
_______,
dashing
towards
the
dinning
hall,
all
shouting
and
laughing.
A.
the
hungr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
students
poured
out
B.
did
the
hungry
students
pour
out
C.
out
the
hungry
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students
poured
D.
out
poured
the
hungry
students
【答案与解析】
③Out
of
the
crowded
bu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
_______,
who
was
dressed
in
a
black
suit
and
waving
to
a
woman.
A.
stepped
a
tall
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man
in
his
thirties
B.
a
tall
man
in
his
thirties
stepped
C.
did
a
tall
man
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
his
thirties
step
D.
did
a
tall
man
step
in
his
thirties
【答案与解析】
④Look!
From
opposite
the
street
_______,
screaming
in
panic.
A.
come
two
kids
B.
coming
two
kids
C.
comes
two
kids
D.
two
kids
are
coming
【答案与解析】
▲such＋系动词be＋主语
_______
on
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omputers
for
storing
information
that
people
are
unable
to
remember
basic
things.
A.
Such
is
the
dependence
B.
Such
dependence
does
C.
So
they
are
dependent
D.
So
do
they
depend
【答案与解析】
▲so＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语
so＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词
neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语
①—
I
went
to
see
a
film
yesterday.
—
Oh,
did
you
_______.
.
A.
So
I
did
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
I
did
so
C.
So
do
I
D.
So
did
I
【答案与解析】
②—How
terrible
it
is
today!
—_______.
A
very
bad
day
for
swimming,
isn’t
it
A.
So
it
is
B.
So
is
it
C.
Nor
it
is
D.
Nor
is
it
【答案与解析】
③If
Tom’s
wife
won’t
agree
to
sign
the
documents,
_______.
A.
neither
he
will
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
neither
won’t
he
C.
neither
will
he
D.
he
won’t
neither
【答案与解析】
This
is
not
my
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )story,
nor
_______
the
whole
story.
My
story
plays
out
differently.
A.
is
there
B.
there
is
C.
is
it
D.
it
is
【答案与解析】
考点2
强调句
▲强调句式的基本形式
①It
was
only
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
after
he
had
read
the
papers
_______
Mr.
Gross
realized
the
task
before
him
was
extremely
difficult
to
complete.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】
②It
was
from
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )only
a
few
supplies
that
she
had
bought
in
the
village
_______
the
hostess
cooked
such
a
nice
dinner.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
when
D.
which
【答案与解析】
③David
said
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
it
was
because
of
his
strong
interest
in
literature
_______
he
chose
the
course.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
why
D.
how
【答案与解析】
▲强调句式的变化形式(包括对等结构)
①Wow,
you
are
in
high
spirits.
_______
makes
you
so
happy
A.
What
it
is
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
B.
What
is
it
that
C.
What
is
that
D.
What
it
that
【答案与解析】
②—Was
it
by
cutting
down
staff
_______
she
saved
the
firm
—No,
it
was
by
improving
work
efficiency.
A.
when
B.
what
C.
how
D.
that
【答案与解析】
③Was
it
on
a
lonely
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )island
_______
he
was
saved
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down
A.
where
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】
④On
the
contrary,
I
think
it
is
Tom,
_______
you,
_______
to
blame.
A.
more
than;
are
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.
less
than;
who
are
C.
rather
than;
that
is
D.
rather
than;
is
【答案与解析】
⑤It
is
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
he
said
it
_______
annoyed
me.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
until
D.
what
【答案与解析】
▲含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式
①Was
it
not
un
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )til
you
began
to
write
_______
you
should
have
remembered
more
words
A.
did
you
realize
B.
that
you
realized
C.
did
you
not
realize
D.
that
you
didn’t
realize
【答案与解析】
②It
was
not
until
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I
came
here
_______
I
realized
this
place
was
famous
for
not
only
its
beauty
but
also
its
weather.
A.
who
B.
that
C.
where
D.
before
【答案与解析】
③Bach
died
in
1750,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )but
it
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
_______
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized.
A.
while
B.
though
C.
that
D.
after
【答案与解析】
▲强调句与非强调句的辨别
①—Do
you
know
_______
they
got
to
know
each
other
—It
was
last
year
_______
they
both
taught
Chinese
in
Scotland.
A.
when
it
was
that,
when
B.
when
was
it
that,
while
C.
when
it
was
that,
that
D.
when
was
it
that,
as
【答案与解析】
②—Where
did
you
get
to
know
her
—It
was
on
the
farm
_______
we
worked
together.
A.
that
B.
there
C.
which
D.
where
【答案与解析】
▲对谓语动词的强调
①If
you
have
a
jo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )b,
_______
yourself
to
it
and
finally
you’ll
succeed.
A.
do
devote
B.
don’t
devote
C.
devoting
D.
not
devoting
【答案与解析】
②What
the
boy
_______
make
his
friends
unhappy.
A.
does
did
B.
did
did
C.
do
do
D.
do
does
【答案与解析】
考点3
省略句
①Don’t
blame
the
worker.
He
just
carried
out
the
order
_______.
A.
as
told
B.
as
are
told
C.
as
telling
D.
as
they
told
【答案与解析】
②_______,
Guo
Mingyi
makes
his
effort
to
help
those
in
poverty.
A.
Not
rich
although
he
is
B.
In
spite
of
not
rich
C.
Though
not
rich
D.
As
he
is
not
rich
【答案与解析】
考点4
反意疑问句
①You
and
I
could
hardly
work
together,
_______
A.
could
you
B.
couldn’t
I
C.
couldn’t
we
D.
could
we
【答案与解析】
②It’s
the
first
time
that
he
has
been
to
Australia,
_______
A.
isn’t
he
B.
hasn’t
he
C.
isn’t
it
D.
hasn’t
it
【答案与解析】
③He
must
be
helping
the
old
man
to
water
the
flowers, _______
A.
is
he
B.
isn’t
he
C.
must
he
D.
mustn’t
he
【答案与解析】
④It
doesn’t
matter
if
they
want
to
come
to
your
party,
_______
A.
doesn’t
it
B.
does
it
C.
don’t
they
D.
do
they
【答案与解析】
⑤I
told
them
not
everybody
could
run
as
fast
as
you
did,
_______
A.
could
he
B.
didn’t
I
C.
didn’t
you
D.
could
they
【答案与解析】
⑥There
is
little
doubt
in
your
mind
that
he
is
innocent,
_______
A.
is
there
B.
isn’t
there
C.
is
he
D.
isn’t
he
【答案与解析】
考点5
祈使句与并列句
①“_______,”
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
soldiers
screamed
loudly,
who
held
a
gun
in
his
hands,
“or
I
will
shoot
again.”
A.
Stopped
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
B.
Stopping
there
C.
To
stop
there
D.
Stop
there
【答案与解析】
②Always
_______
in
mind
that
your
main
task
is
to
get
this
company
running
smoothly.
A.
to
keep
B.
to
have
kept
C.
keep
D.
have
kept
【答案与解析】
③Every
day
_______
a
proverb
aloud
several
times
until
you
have
it
memorized.
A.
read
B.
reading
C.
to
read
D.
reads
【答案与解析】
④Don’t
turn
off
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
computer
before
closing
all
programs
_______
you
could
have
problems
A.
or
B.
and
C.
but
D.
so
【答案与解析】
⑤Read
this
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tory,
_______
you
will
realize
that
not
everything
can
be
bought
with
money.
A.
or
B.
and
C.
but
D.
so
【答案与解析】
⑥Some
animal
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
carry
seeds
from
one
place
to
another,
_______
plants
can
spread
to
new
places.
A.
so
B.
or
C.
for
D.
but
【答案与解析】
⑦(2016高考英语北京卷)I
am
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
afraid
of
tomorrow,
_______
I
have
seen
yesterday
and
I
love
today.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
for
D.
but
【答案与解析】