2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12定语从句

2017
届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12
定语从句
考点聚焦(教师版)
定语从句是高考的常考内容。解题时
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要遵循下列原则：①判别是不是定语从句，是限制性的还是非限制性的定语从句；②如果从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语，就要用关系代词来引导从句；③如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来引导从句；④判断先行词的确切含义，再确定选用关系词。
The
exact
year
_______
Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
was
2008.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
why
D.
which
【答案与解析】D。这是一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个限制性定语从句，先行词是the
exact
year，后面的定语从句Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
中动词spent
后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which
引导这个定语从句，并在句中做宾语。where
的先行词通常是指地点的名词，关系副词when的先行词通常是表示时间的名词，why
的先行词是the
reason。ABC
三项通常在句中做状语。which
在定语从句里做主语，宾语或者表语。句意：安吉拉和他的家人一起在中国度假确切的年份是在2008
年。故D
正确。
考点1
对关系词基本用法的考查
▲对关系代词的考查
①I
borrow
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,
_______
my
classmates
recommended
to
me..
A.
who
B.
which
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】B。先行词是the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
book
Sherlock
Holmes，在定语从句中which
指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend
的宾语。CD
两项是关系副词，不能在句中做宾语，只能做状语。A项who
的先行词通常都是指人的名词。句意：上个星期我从图书馆里借了本《福尔摩斯》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。故B
正确。
②Please
send
us
all
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
information
_______
you
have
about
the
candidate
for
the
position.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
as
D.
what
【答案与解析】A。先行词是all
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
information，后面的定语从句you
have
about
the
candidate
for
the
position中动词have
后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词that/which，当指物的先行词前面有all
修饰的时候，要使用关系代词that。关系代词as
引导的定语从句要与such
或the
same
等连用，或是引导非限制性定语从句。what
不能定语从句的引导词。句意：请把你已有的申请这个职位的所有候选人的信息都发给我。故A
正确。
③He
is
a
stric
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
but
kind-hearted
father,
one
_______
the
children
respect
but
are
afraid
of.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
for
whom
D.
whom
【答案与解析】D。___________替代词one
是先行词，是“father”的同位语=a
father，用“whom”指代先行词“one”在从句中充当“respect
和are
afraid
of”的宾语。句意：他是一个严厉而又慈祥的父亲，是一位孩子们既尊敬又害怕的父亲。
▲对关系副词的考查
①(2016
高考英语天津卷)We
wil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
_______
the
weather
may
be
better.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
【答案与解析】D。先行词是nex
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。句意：我们要把到公园去野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好些。
②Opposite
is
S
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t.
Paul’s
Church,
_______
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。先行词是St.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Paul’s
Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语，用where。故选D。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那儿你可以听到一些优美的音乐。
③
As
the
smallest
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hild
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
_______
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whom
D.
when
【答案与解析】D。先行词是the
tim
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。
④The
reason
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gave
for
his
absence
was
made
up
by
his
elder
brother.
In
fact,
the
reason
_______
he
was
absent
is
_______
he
went
to
the
zoo.
A.
which;
because
B.
why;
that
C.
for
which;
because
D.
that;
for
which
【答案与解析】B。定语从句中关
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )系代词的选择要根据先行词来定，这里先行词是the
reason，关系代词要选择why。而后面部分是一个that
引导的表语从句，作is
的表语。句意：他所给的缺席的理由是由他哥哥给编造的。实际上，他缺席是因为他去了动物园的缘故。
考点2
对特殊定语从句的考查
▲对as
引导的定语从句的考查
①_______
is
recorded
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
the
history
book,
Diaoyu
Island
has
belonged
to
China
since
ancient
times.
A.
As
B.
That
C.
Which
D.
What
【答案与解析】A。that
不能引导非限制
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )性定语从句。which
引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首。what不能引导定语从句。as
可以指代一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，放在句首，表示“正如……”。句意：正如这本历史书里所记录那样，自古以来钓鱼岛就属于中国。
②The
book
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
written
in
_______
easy
English
_______
beginners
can
understand.
A.
so;
that
B.
such;
that
C.
so;
as
D.
such;
as
【答案与解析】D。这是such…as…结
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )构引导的定语从句，因为“understand”是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故用关系代词“as”引导定语从句并在从句中作其宾语。句意：这本书是用如此简单的英语写的，初学者也能读懂。
③The
number
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )smokers,
_______
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as
【答案与解析】D。句意：据报道，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )吸烟者人数仅在(过去)一年里就减少了17%。as
引导的非限性定语从句，其位置十分灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句子。故选D
项。本题容易误选B
项which，把逗号前面的the
number
of
smokers
看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which
引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The
number
of
smokers
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.”整个一句话。另外，as
和which
在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as
is
reported
这一常用结构，类似的还有as
is
known
expected
planned
mentioned
said
等。
④It
is
such
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a
good
place
_______
everybody
wants
to
go
and
visit
_______
it
is
well
known
all
over
the
world.
A.
that;
that
B.
as;
as
C.
as;
that
D.
that;
as
【答案与解析】C。本题中含有such
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…as
和such…that
两种搭配，第一空用as
引导定语从句，并在从句中作visit
的宾语，在such
后引导定语从句时常用as；第二句为that
引导的结果状语从句，构成such…that…句式(如此……以致于……)。即，这是每个人都想去参观的一个好地方以至于它在全世界都很出名。
⑤Have
you
bought
the
same
book
_______
I
referred
to
yesterday
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】B。句意：你有没有买我昨天说的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )那本书啊(你有没有买跟我昨天说的那本相同的书啊)？the
same…as
…和……一样(不是同一本)，句中as
引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。故选B
项。
▲对介词跟关系代词搭配及其变式的考查
1.对选用什么介词的考查
如何判断用什么介词的方法：方法一：根
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配或是根据定语从句中某个名词与与先行词的搭配容而定(①②③)；方法二：根据先行词而定(④⑤)；方法三：根据所要表达的意思来确定所要用的介词(⑥⑦)。
①Wind
power
is
an
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cient
source
of
energy
_______
we
may
return
in
the
near
future.
A.
on
which
B.
by
which
C.
to
which
D.
from
which
【答案与解析】C。return
to
回到
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，返回(某种状态)。这里which
引导的是定语从句，它代替source
of
energy。本句=Wind
power
is
an
ancient
source
of
energy
which\that
we
may
return
to
in
the
near
future.
句意：风能是一种古老的能源，在不远的将来我们有可能会回过头来去利用它。
②For
many
ci
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ties
in
the
world,
there
is
no
room
to
spread
out
further,
_______
New
York
is
an
example.
A.
for
which
B.
in
which
C.
of
which
D.
from
which
【答案与解析】C。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对于世界上许多城市来说，没有了可以进一步延展的空间，其中纽约是一个例子。表达“……中的一个……”应使用介词of，用以表示所属关系。New
York
is
an
example
of
them.
③In
June
2000,
Hanks
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was
offered
a
scholarship
to
study
in
New
York
City
_______
he
could
have
supported
his
family,
but
he
refused
it.
A.
by
which
B.
through
which
C.
with
which
D.
in
which
【答案与解析】C。在这个定语从
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句中，根据先行词scholarship
可知搭配介词应该是with，意思是“用奖学金”，所以选C
项。句意：在2000
年6
月，汉克斯被提供给在纽约学习的奖学金，用这些奖学金他本可以去扶持他的家庭，但是他却拒绝了。
④
Many
people
who
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad
seen
the
film
were
afraid
to
go
to
the
forest
when
they
remembered
the
scenes
_______
people
were
eaten
by
the
tiger.
A.
that
B.
by
which
C.
which
D.
in
which
【答案与解析】D。从句子
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成分分析，空处缺少的是状语，首先排除A、C
两项。再从题意分析，此处表示“在……情景中”
in
the
scenes
在这些场景中，而不是表示“通过……”，因此用in
which
符合题意和语法要求。句意：当记起(影片中)一幕幕老虎吃人场景的时候，许多看过那部电影的人都不敢到森林里去了。
⑤
Human
facia
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
expressions
differ
from
those
of
animals
in
the
degree
_______
they
can
be
controlled
on
purpose.
A.
with
which
B.
to
which
C.
of
which
D.
for
which
【答案与解析】B。to
whi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch
中的which
指代前面提到的degree，由于表示“在……程度上”时，degree前面习惯上要搭配介词to,
故要选B。又如：To
what
degree
are
you
interested
in
Japanese 你对日语的兴趣达到了什么程度
At
that
time
politicians
were
not
known
to
the
degree
thatthey
are
today.
那时政治家们并不像今天这样为人所知晓。句意：人类与动物面部表情的不同之处在于,
人类可以在一定程度上有意识地控制其表情。
⑥
Mark
was
a
stu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dent
at
this
university
from
1999
to
2003,
_______
he
studied
very
hard
and
was
made
chairman
of
the
Students’
Union.
A.
during
which
time
B.
for
which
time
C.
during
whose
time
D.
by
that
time
【答案与解析】A。由题意和所缺词前面的逗
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )号可判定题干是含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词是表示一个时间段的短语from1999
to
2003；句意：从1999
年到2003
年马克是这所大学的学生，在这(4
年)期间他学习很用功并被选为学生会主席，所缺词的意思为“在这期间”，故选A
项。
⑦He
may
win
the
co
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mpetition,
_______
he
is
likely
to
get
into
the
national
team.
A.
in
which
case
B.
in
that
case
C.
in
what
case
D.
in
whose
case
【答案与解析】A。此处whi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch
指代前面主句，in
which
case
引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的in
this/that
case。句意为：他可能赢得这场比赛。如果那样的话，他就可能进入国家队。
2.对选用什么关系代词的考查
①(2016
高考英语江苏卷)Ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny
young
people,
most
_______
were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
A.
of
which
B.
of
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
those
【答案与解析】C。先行词是Many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
young
people，关系代词whom
指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of
的宾语。故C
项正确。句意：很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追求他们的梦想，其中他们中大多数人都是受过良好教育的。
②(2016
高考英语浙江卷)Scien
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tists
have
advanced
many
theories
about
why
human
beings
cry
tears
,
none
of
_______
has
been
proved.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
【答案与解析】B。先行词为theo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ries
指“理论”，定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词which
引导。故选B。句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个是已经被证明了的。
③He
wrote
many
childr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en’
s
books,
nearly
half
of
_______
were
published
in
the
1990s.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
them
D.
that
【答案与解析】B。句意：他写了许
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )多儿童书籍，其中接近一半的书于20
世纪90
年代出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of
缺少宾语，故选B
项。
④English
is
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )language
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,
_______
uses
it
differently.
A.
all
of
which
B.
each
of
which
C.
all
of
them
D.
each
of
them
【答案与解析】B。先行词是s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )everal
diverse
cultures，在定语从句里使用which
指代先行词作为介词of的宾语。排除CD
项，这两项并不是定语从句。A
项在定语从句中做主语的时候，谓语动词要使用复数形式，本题定语从句中的uses
说明A
项是错误的。B
项中的each
做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。句意：英语是一个被很多不同的文化共享的语言，每一种文化使用英语的方法都是不一样的。故B
正确。
⑤In
our
class
there
are
60
students,
of
_______
two
thirds
are
boys.
A.
which
B.
them
C.
whom
D.
who
【答案与解析】C。先行词“stu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dents”指的是“学生”为人。另外要注意变式，正常的语序是：two
thirds
of
whom=and
two
thirds
of
them。句意：我们班有60
名学生，其中三分之二是男生。
▲对whose
引导的定语从句的考查
①(2016
高考英语北京卷)I
live
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )next
door
to
a
couple
_______
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
A.
whose
B.
why
C.
where
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。a
coup
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le
是先行词，children
和couple
是所属关系，故用whose
作定语，相当于the
children
of
whom，故选A。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹得很。
②The
books
on
the
desk,
_______
covers
are
shiny,
are
prizes
for
us.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
whose
D.
that
【答案与解析】C。先行词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为the
books，和covers
之间存在所有关系，故选择C，意为书的封面。句意：放在桌子上的那些封面闪闪发光的书是给我们准备的奖品。
③A
company
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
who
D.
why
【答案与解析】B。先行词是A
company
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，后面的定语从句中名词profits
前面缺少定语修饰，所以使用关系代词whose
引导起这个定语从句，并在句中做定语。ACD
三项通常都不能在定语从句中做定语的。whose
profits
相当于the
profits
of
which。句意：来自国内市场利润减少的公司可以寻求到国外发展的机会(公司在来自国内市场利润减少的情况下可以寻求到国外发展的机会)。
④The
famous
sc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ientist,
_______
a
dinner
party
will
be
held
tonight,
is
to
arrive
soon.
A.
in
his
ho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nor
B.
in
whose
honor
C.
in
which
honor
D.
in
honor
of
him
【答案与解析】B。句意：那位
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )著名的科学家，不久就会到场出席为欢迎他而于今晚举行的宴会。根据短语搭配in
one’s
honor，故用关系代词whose。故选B
项。
⑤Nowadays
almost
e
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )veryone
prefers
to
use
a
smart
mobile
phone
_______
functions
are
more
practical.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
whose
【答案与解析】D。句意：现在几乎每个人
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )都更喜欢使用功能更加实用的智能手机。先行词是a
smart
mobile
phone，与functions
为所属关系，用whose
引导定语从句，选D
项。
▲对分隔式定语从句的考查
①We’ll
reach
the
sal
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
targets
in
a
month
_______
we
set
at
the
beginning
of
the
year.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
when
D.
what
【答案与解析】A。先行词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是the
sales
target，中间被插入了时间状语“in
a
month”，后面的定语从句中动词set
后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which
指代先行词，在句中作为动词set
的宾语。BC
两项都是关系副词，它们在句中通常都作为状语。what
不可以引导定语从句。故A
正确。句意：再过一个月，我们就能实现年初制定的销售目标。
②The
village
has
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )developed
a
lot
_______
we
learned
farming
two
years
ago.
A.
when
B.
which
C.
that
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。本句为分
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )隔式定语从句。定语从句的先行词为the
village，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where
引导。句意：我们两年前学农的那个村庄已经有了很大的发展。
考点3
对相对特殊的先行词选用何种关系词的考查
①
Parents
shou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld
pay
attention
to
the
cases
_______
their
children
have
difficulty
adapting
to
newsurroundings.
A.
where
B.
as
C.
why
D.
when
【答案与解析】A。先行词是t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
cases，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where
引导定语从句，选A
项。句意：父母应该注意这样的情况，孩子们对适应新的环境有困难。
②A
housing
bubb
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le
is
an
economic
situation
_______
occurs
when
house
prices
rise
much
too
fast
.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
why
【答案与解析】A。本题定语从句的先
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行词是an
economic
situation，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，故使用which
指代先行词，在句中做主语。BD
只能在定语从句做状语。what
不能引导定语从句。句意：房产泡沫是一个经济形势，这种形式发生在房价上涨太快的时候。
③The
boss
of
the
com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pany
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
_______
his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
who
【答案与解析】A。句中先行词为atmos
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )phere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工享受他们工作的乐趣。
④I
don’t
become
a
seri
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ous
climber
until
the
fifth
grade,
_______
I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
which
D.
why
【答案与解析】A。先行词是t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
fifth
grade，后面定语从句I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree
中主谓宾句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词来引导定语从句，因为先行词是一个表示时间的名词，所以使用when
来引导这个定语从句。直到五年级我才成为一个真正的攀登者，那一年我登高去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。where
的先行词必须是一个表示地点的名词，why
的先行词是the
reason，关系代词which
在句中做主语，宾语或者表语。故A
正确。
⑤The
book
ha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
helped
me
greatly
in
my
daily
communication,
especially
at
work
_______
a
good
impression
is
a
must.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
as
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。先行词为“at
work
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”意为“工作中”表示抽象的“地点”，而不是指“正在工作(表示时间)”故不用when，而用where
引导定语从句。句意：这本书在日常交际中给予我很大的帮助，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中。
⑥We
have
reached
a
stage
_______
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.
A.
where
B.
why
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】A。先行词是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stage
意为“阶段，地步”，表示抽象的地点。定语从句很完整，故使用关系副词where。句意：我们已经到了几乎没有一点权利的地步了。
⑦There
is
suc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h
an
occasion
_______
we
know
lots
of
words,
but
we
can’t
choose
a
suitable
one
to
express
ourselves.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】B。先行词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是occasion
意为“时刻，时候”，表示时间。定语从句很完整，故使用关系副词when。句意：有这样一种时刻：我们知道许多单词，但是却不能选择一个恰当的词来表达我们自己的意思。
⑧We
all
like
the
way
_______
our
maths
teacher
gives
his
lessons.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
how
【答案与解析】B。当th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
way
做先行词时，如果定语从句不缺主干成分，用th
at
,in
which
或者省略。如果定语从句缺少主语或者宾语，用that
/whi
ch
引导。the
teacher
gives
his
lessons
不缺主干成分，故选B
项。句意：我们都很喜欢我们数学老师上课的方式。
考点4
对定语从句甄别的考查
①The
doctor
advised
Ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
strongly
that
she
should
take
a
holiday,
but
_______
didn’t
help.
A.
which
B.
she
C.
it
D.
he
【答案与解析】C。上文是一个完整的句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子，而下文中的“”提示这不是什么定语从句。句中it
指医生劝告玛丽休假这件事。which
引导定语从句要把but
去掉。不是医生也不是玛丽不起作用。句意：医生强烈建议玛丽休假，但他的话没起作用。
②
It
is
in
the
ver
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
village,
_______
Mary
was
born
35
years
ago,
_______
she
will
build
her
first
school,_______
inspires
everyone
to
help
her.
A.
where;
that;
which
B.
that;
that;
that
C.
that;
when;
which
D.
where;
when;
that
【答案与解析】A。分析句子
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的意思与结构，可知这个句子中包含了两个定语从句和一个强调句。第一个空格引导的是一个定语从句，先行词是village，而从句中没有缺少主干成分，故用冠词副词where；第二个空是强调句型结构，是与整个句子开头的it
is
组合，形成一个it
is…that
的强调结构；而第三个空引导的也是一定定语从句，由于从句中缺少主语，而且先行词是指前面整个句子的内容，故用关系代词which。可知应选A。句意：就在她35
年前出生的村庄里，玛丽要建她的第一所学校。这件事鼓舞了每个人都去帮助她。
③Is
this
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reason
_______
at
the
meeting
for
his
carelessness
in
his
work
A.
he
explained
B.
what
he
explained
C.
how
he
explained
D.
why
he
explained
【答案与解析】A。句意：这就是
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他在会上为他工作中的粗心所解释的原因吗？此题目考查的定语从句，其中explain
少宾语，故应用关系代词，排除C
D；
what
不可以引导定语从句，故选A项，且省去了关系代词that。2017
届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12
定语从句
知识精讲(教师版)
定语从句的基本用法
一、定语从句的基本概念
由关系代词或副词引导一个句子来修饰
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个名词、代词亦或一个句子的从句被称之为定语从句(又称形容词性从句)，是跟名词性从句以及状语从句(又称副词性从句)相齐名的三大从句之一。
1.定语从句的要素
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，亦或是一个句子；
关系代词或副词：引导定语从句的词；
关系代词在从句中充当：主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分，而关系副词只可以充当状语。
①She
has
a
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ift
for
creating
an
atmosphere
for
her
students
_______
allows
them
to
communicate
freely
with
each
other.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
who
【答案与解析】A。分析句子
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成分可知，an
atmosphere
与修饰它的定语从句被for
her
students
隔开，该从句缺少主语，所以用which。句意：她有一种天赋，能为她的学生创造一个让他们相互自由交流的氛围。
②They’ve
won
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ir
last
three
matches,
_______
I
find
a
bit
surprising
A.
that
B.
when
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】D。此处意思是“他们
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )赢得了最后的三场比赛，我觉得这确实有点让人意外”，which代替上句“They’ve
won
their
last
three
matches”做find
的宾语，选D。A
项不能用于非限制性定语从句中。when
指代时间，what
不可以引导定语从句。
③I’ve
become
good
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )friends
with
several
of
the
students
in
my
school
_______
I
meet
in
the
English
speech
contest
last
year.
A.
who
B.
where
C.
when
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。先行词为表示人的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
students，且在从句中作met
的宾语，故用关系代词who。本句中也可以用“whom”。句意：我已经与去年我在英语竞赛中遇见的我们学校的几个学生成为了好朋友。
④A
person
_______
e-mail
account
is
full
won’t
be
able
to
send
or
receive
any
e-mails.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
whose
D.
whoever
【答案与解析】C。e-mail
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )account
与a
person
之间是所属关系，所以用关系代词whose
作定语。句意：一个电子邮箱都满了的人就不能收发电子邮件了(如果一个人的邮箱帐户满了，就不能收发邮件)。
⑤Mozart’s
bi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rthplace
and
the
house
_______
he
composed
‘The
Magic
Flute’
are
both
museums
now.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
there
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。先行词the
hous
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
在为地点，用关系副词where=in
which
在从句中作状语。句意：莫扎特出生地和他创作《魔笛》曲的房间现在都成了博物馆了。
2.定语从句的分类
限制性定语从句：从句对其所修饰的先行词起限制作用，若没有了这个从句从句，句子意思要么不完整要么就改变意思，故主从句之间不用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句：从句对其所修饰的先行词补充说明，若没有这个从句，句意相对完整，故主从句之间往往用逗号隔开。
①The
days
are
go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne
_______
physical
strength
was
all
you
needed
to
make
a
living.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
where
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。when
引导
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定语从句修饰The
days。are
gone
把定语从句与先行词分隔开来了，增加了难度。句意：全靠体力劳动去挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。
②Between
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
two
parts
of
the
concert
is
an
interval,
_______
the
audience
can
buy
ice-cream.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】A。题干说“在音
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval
表时间，所以正确答案为A。
二、关系代词(副词)的基本用法
1.关系代词的用法
关系代词先行词在从句中所做成分
who
指人主语、表语或宾语
whom
指人宾语，特别注意作介词的宾语
whose
指人或指物定语
that
指人、指物或事情主语、表语或宾语
as
指人或指主句内容主语、表语或宾语
which
指物或事情、指主句内容主语、表语或宾语
①
After
the
flo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oding,
people
were
suffering
in
that
area,
_______
urgently
needed
clean
water,
medicine
and
shelter
to
survive.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
where
D.
what
【答案与解析】B。指人的先行词pe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople
在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who
引导。故选B
项。句意：洪水过后，那个地区的人们忍受着巨大的痛苦，人们迫切需要清洁的水，药品栖身的临时住所。
②She
brought
with
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
three
friends,
none
of
_______
I
had
ever
met
before.
A.
them
B.
who
C.
whom
D.
these
【答案与解析】C。这是个定语从句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，首先排除A
和D。I
had
ever
met
before
修饰的是her
three
friends，所以先行词是her
three
friends，而且在从句中her
three
friends
是宾语，所以要用whom。句意：她带了三个朋友，其中没有那个是我以前见过的。
③As
a
child,
Jack
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudied
in
a
village
school,
_______
is
named
after
his
grandfather.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
that
【答案与解析】A。空格设置在名词scho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ol
后，且school
后有逗号，此题考察非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school，它在定于从句中做主语，因此使用关系代词，选项中的关系代词只有which
和that，由于是非限定性定语从句，不能使用that，因此选择A。句意：孩提时杰克在一所乡村学校读书，这所学校是以他祖父命名的。
④My
friend
showed
me
round
the
town,
_______
was
very
kind
of
him.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
it
【答案与解析】A。句意：我朋友带我参观了这个小镇，他这么做真是好极了。这儿的which
指代前面整句话所表示的内容。
⑤Many
children
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
_______
parents
are
away
working
in
big
cities,
are
taken
good
care
of
in
the
village.
A.
their
B.
whose
C.
of
them
D.
with
whom
【答案与解析】B。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )许多父母离家在大城市工作的小孩在村里得到很好的照顾。先行词是children,关系代词whose
引导定语从句并在从句中作定语。
⑥I
was
born
in
New
O
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rleans,
Louisiana,
a
city
_______
name
will
create
a
picture
of
beautiful
grass
in
our
mind.
A.
which
B.
of
which
C.
that
D.
whose
【答案与解析】D。句意：我出生在路易斯
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )安娜州的新奥尔良市，这是一个看到它的名字就会在我们脑海里浮现出一副绿树成荫、青草萋萋的画面的城市。先行词city
与name
之间为所属关系，因此用whose
作定语。
⑦The
air
quality
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
city,
______
is
shown
in
the
report,
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
as
D.
what
【答案与解析】C。本句难点是把定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了，把句子转换成______is
shown
in
the
report,
the
air
quality
in
the
city
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的是下文所提到的一句话用as
引导，指主句所说的内容。句意：正如报告中所写的那样，该城市的空气质量在过去的两个月已经得到了改善。
2.关系副词的用法
关系代词先行词在从句中所做成分
when
时间状语
where
地点状语
why
原因状语
①Because
of
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
financial
crisis,
days
are
gone
_______
local
5-star
hotels
charged
6,000
yuan
for
one
night.
A.
if
B.
when
C.
which
D.
since
【答案与解析】B。when
引导的从句做days
的定语。句意：由于金融危机,
当地五星级酒店一晚收费6000元的日子不复存在了。
②Life
is
like
a
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ong
race
_______
we
compete
with
others
to
go
beyond
ourselves.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
that
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。先行词ra
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce
为地点，因此用where
作地点状语，意为“在此比赛中”。句意：人生像一场长跑比赛，我们在此比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
③The
reason
_______
he
refused
to
attend
the
meeting
was
that
they
didn't
give
him
an
invitation
earlier.
A.
how
B.
why
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】B。根据前置词the
rea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )son
可知引导词需用why
为什么。故选B。句意：他们拒绝参加会议的原因是因为他们没有提前向他发出邀请。
定语从句的重点点击
一、关系代词的用法注意点
1.只能用关系代词that
的情况
①先行词为all,
everything,
anything,
nothing,
little,
much
等不定代词时
Now
all
_______
is
urgently
needed
is
money
and
hands.
【答案与解析】填all
that。先行词为all。句意：目前急需要的是钱和人手。
②先行词被all,
any,
every,
each,
much,
little,
no,
some,
few
等修饰时；
We
heard
clearly
every
word
_______
he
said.
【答案与解析】填that
或省略that
不填。先行词被every
修饰。句意：他说的每句话我们都听得都很清楚。
③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
The
third
place
_______
we
are
going
to
visit
is
Hangzhou.
【答案与解析】填that。先行词被序数词修饰。我们要去拜访的第三个地方是杭州。
④先行词既指人又指物时
She
describe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
in
her
compositions
the
people
and
places
_______
impressed
her
most.
【答案与解析】填that。先行词the
pe
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople
and
places
中既有人又有地方，故用that。句意：她在作文里描写了令她印象深刻的人和地方。
⑤先行词被the
only,
the
very
修饰时
He’s
the
only
boy
in
our
city
_______
enters
the
Beijing
University.
【答案与解析】填that。先行词被the
only
修饰。句意：他是我市唯一考取北京大学的男生。
⑥句中已经有who
或which
时，为了避免重复时
Who
is
the
girl
_______
drove
the
car
【答案与解析】填that。句中已经有了who。句意：刚才开车的那个女孩是谁？
2.只能用which,
who,
whom
的情况
①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which
指代物，用who/whom
指人
After
graduatin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
from
college,
I
took
some
time
off
to
go
travelling,
_______
turned
out
to
be
a
wise
decision.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】B。此处应为which
引
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导的非限制性定语从句，which
代替前边整个句子所说的内容。句意：大学毕业后，我们休假一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。
Ellen
was
a
pain
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter
of
birds
and
nature,
_______,
for
some
reason,
had
withdrawn
from
all
human
society.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
where
D.
whom
【答案与解析】B。who
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词Ellen(人名)。which
修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom
修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where
修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。句意：艾伦是一个鸟类和自然画家，由于某种原因，从人类社会隐身而退。这个空格容易引起误解的是，到底是鸟还是人从人类社会退出，再仔细推敲，应该是人退出，所以是选用who。
②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which
指物，whom
指人。
Gun
control
is
a
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ubject
_______
Americans
have
argued
for
a
long
time.
A.
of
which
B.
with
which
C.
about
which
D.
into
which
【答案与解析】C。先行词是“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Gun
control(枪支管理，控枪)”指事情，关系词在从句中做介词的宾语，介词前置，介词与从句动词构成搭配argue
about
sth.，选C
项。句意：枪支管理是美国人长期争论的一个话题。
Have
you
sent
thank-y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou
notes
to
the
relatives
from
_______
you
received
gifts
A.
which
B.
them
C.
that
D.
whom
【答案与解析】D。介词+关系
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )代词中只能用which
或whom
根据先行词是relatives(亲戚)为人，选用whom。from
whom=and
from
them。句意：你从亲戚那儿收到了礼物后，有没有给他们发感谢信？③先行词本身是that
时，关系词用which,
先行词为those,
one,
he
时常常用who。
Happiness
and
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uccess
often
come
to
those
_______
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】B。分析题干，我们发现
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在代词“those”后设空，故知道考查定语从句。此时关键是“those”所指代到底是人还是物。由题干“Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those”知道“those”必指代人。排除CD
选项。又定语从句中缺主语，故排除A“whom”(宾格)，正确答案为B。句意：幸福和成功常常会光顾那些善于认识到自身力量的人(即自信的人)。
3.the
way
做先行词时，定语从句可以用that
和in
which
引导或是省略的
What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
_______
he
said
it.
A.
the
way
B.
in
the
way
that
C.
in
the
way
D.
the
way
which
【答案与解析】A。句意：使我吃惊的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不是他说的什么而是他说话的方式。What
surprised
me
是这句话的主语，was
后面是表语，表语部分是not…but…结构，
所以but
后面是名词the
way，不是介词短语，先行词是the
way
的时候，定语从句可以用that
和in
which
引导或是省略的。所以选A。
4.as
与which,
that
的用法区别
①such…as(引导定语从句)，such…that(引导结果状语从句)
“so/such…that….”引导的是结果状语从句，从句的成分是完整的，也就是说that
只起连接作用。
“such…
as…”引导的是定语从句，从句的成分是不完整的，也就是说as
代替先行词在从句中充当成分。
比如下列三句表达的是一个意思：This
is
such
a
heavy
stone
as
no
one
can
lift.
(定语从句)
This
is
so
heavy
a
stone
that
no
one
can
lift
it.
(结果状语从句)
This
is
such
a
heavy
stone
that
no
one
can
lift
it.
(结果状语从句)
These
houses
are
sold
at
such
a
low
price
_______
people
expected.
A.
like
B.
as
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】B。在such…that…和
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )such…as…结构中，that
引导结果状语从句，而as
引导定语从句。that
在结果状语从句中只起引导作用，不作句子成分；as
在定语从句中既起引导作用，又要作句子成分。在本题里，关系代词as
作及物动词expected
的宾语。句意：这些房子以人们预料的那样的低价出售了。
Pop
music
is
_______
an
important
part
of
society
_______
it
has
even
influenced
our
language.
A.
Such
;
as
B.
Such
;
that
C.
So
;
as
D.
So
;
that
【答案与解析】B。so
副词，意思是“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )如此、这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such
形容词，意思是“如此、这样”，修饰名词，即可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。第一空填such，修饰an
important
part，第二空是such…that
句型，如此……以至于，句意：流行音乐是社会的如此重要的一部分，以至于甚至影响我们的语言。选B。
②the
same…as
和the
same
...that
的区别
the
same…
as
表示“与……一样(但不是同一个)”，而the
same…that
表示“同一个，就是那一个”的意思。
The
coat
you
wear
now
is
the
same
________
I
bought
yesterday.
A.
like
B.
as
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】B。the
sam
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e...as...
“和……一样(但不是同一个)”，as
引导定语从句，在从句中作bought的宾语。句意：你现在穿的外套跟我昨天买的一个样。
③as
和which
指代主句的内容时所引导的定语从句的区别
如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主句前，也可以放在后面，甚至可以插在主句中间，那么用as；而which
引导的从句一般放在主句后，并无“正如”的意思。
A
lot
of
lang
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uage
learning,
_______
has
been
discovered,
is
happening
in
the
first
year
of
life,
so
parents
should
talk
much
to
their
children
during
that
period.
A.
as
B.
it
C.
which
D.
this
【答案与解析】A。很显然这是一个非限制性定语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句，故排除BD
选项。as
和which
都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which
引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。句意：正如已经发现的那样，大量的语言学习是在人的生命开始的第一年进行的。所以这段时期父母亲应该多和他们的孩子说说话。
Ted
came
for
the
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ekend
wearing
only
some
shorts
and
a
T-shirt,
_______
is
a
stupid
thing
to
do
in
such
weather.
A.
this
B.
that
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】D。因为有逗号，所以不能选t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat，而选which，指代前面整个主句的内容。句意：泰德穿着短裤和体恤来度周末，在这样的天气里真是一件愚蠢的事情。
二、关系副词的用法注意点
1.where
引导的定语从句
关系副词where
引导定语从句时，只能在定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示(具体或抽象的)地点的名词。特别注意这些表示地点的抽象名词：case,
situation,
point,
stage,
position
等
①It’s
helpful
to
pu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
children
in
a
situation
_______
they
can
see
themselves
differently.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
which
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。先行词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是situation
指抽象地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。句意：把孩子放在他们能够另眼看自己的环境里是有益的。
②I
have
reached
a
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oint
in
my
life
_______
I
am
supposed
to
make
decisions
of
my
own.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
how
D.
why
【答案与解析】B。先行词是p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oint,
与介词at
搭配在从句中作状语。where＝at
this
point。句意：我已经到达人生的一个转折点。在这个节骨眼上，我得自己拿主意。
③—Believe
it
or
not,
my
sister
and
I
are
twins.
—Oh,
you
mus
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
have
had
the
case
_______
you
were
taken
for
your
sister.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
where
D.
whom
【答案与解析】C。句意：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“信不信由你，我和我姐姐是双胞胎。”“哦，你肯定有过你被误认为是你姐姐的情况。”where
you
were
taken
for
your
sister
是定语从句，修饰先行词the
case，表示的是抽象地点，where
可用in
which
替换。
④The
conflict
had
deve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )loped
into
a
stage
_______
the
two
countries
were
gathering
big
troops
on
the
border.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】A。先行词“stage”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示抽象的地点意为“地步，阶段，程度”，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。句意：冲突已经发展到了两国在边境集结军队的地步。
⑤Sales
director
is
a
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )osition
_______
communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】D。“pos
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ition”为先行词，后面是其定语从句，关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，因此，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。句意：销售经理是一个职位，在这个职位上，交流能力和销售能力一样重要。
2.
when
引导的定语从句
关系副词when
引导定语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句时,
只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。但是有些名词不是一眼就能看出是表示时间的，要经过认真分析才能确定。
①
Spring
Festival
is
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
most
important
festival
in
China
and
an
occasion
_______
all
family
members
get
together,
just
like
Christmas
in
the
West.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】B。定语从句all
fami
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly
members
get
together
修饰先行词occasion。这个定语从句结构很完整，所以使用关系副词，本题的occasion
是指时间，所以用when。句意：在中国春节是最重要的节日和全家团聚的时刻，就像西方的圣诞节一样。
②She’ll
never
forget
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her
stay
there
_______
she
found
her
son
who
had
gone
missing
two
years
before.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
where
D.
when
【答案与解析】D。先行词her
stay
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )与介词during
搭配在从句中作时间状语。句意：她永远也忘不了她在那儿逗留期间(的时候)，她找到了两年前走失的儿子。
③We
live
in
an
age
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_______
more
information
is
available
with
great
ease
than
ever
before.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
to
whom
D.
on
which
【答案与解析】B。when
引导定语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an
age(时代)。此处的when=at
which。句意：我们生活在这样的一个时代，在这个时代我们比以前更容易得到更多的信息。
3.
why
引导的定语从句
关系副词why
引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。
I
don’t
know
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
reason
_______
you
were
absent
from
the
meeting,
and
I
am
not
sure
whether
someone
will
tell
me
the
reason
_______
you
haven’t
told
me.
A.
why;
that
B.
that;
why
C.
because;
why
D.
of
which;
that
【答案与解析】A。两空的先行词均为“r
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eason”，关键要看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分。第一空后面的句子主要成分全，只少次要成分状语，故用关系副词“why”。第二空后面的句子“told”应该要跟双宾语，缺少的是直接宾语，故用关系代词“that”。句意：我不知道你为什么没有出席那次会议。但我不能肯定是不是有人会告诉我你没有告诉我的原因。
三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句的基本形式是：介词(介词短语)+关系代词(①②③)。
其常见的拓展形式有：1.不定代词＋介词＋关系代词(④)
2.the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词(有变形)
(⑤⑥)
3.数词＋介词＋关系代词(⑦)
4.the＋形容词比较级(最高级)＋介词＋关系代词(⑧)
5.介词＋whose＋名词(⑨)
6.介词＋which＋名词(⑩)
①He
was
educated
at
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
local
grammar
school,
_______
he
went
on
to
Cambridge.
A.
from
which
B.
after
that
C.
after
which
D.
from
this
【答案与解析】C。“他”是上完了一个loc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al
grammar
school
之后，又上的Cambridge，故选after
which，此处which
指代前面整个主句，引导一个非限制性定语从句，起补充说明作用。句意：他在当地的一所语法学校上的学，之后又去了剑桥读书。
②At
last
we
reached
a
lonely
village,
_______
a
beautiful
river.
A.
in
front
of
it
lay
B.
in
front
of
which
lay
C.
in
front
of
it
laid
D.
in
front
of
which
lied
【答案与解析】B。先行词是a
lone
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly
village
定语从句中in
front
of
后面缺少宾语，而且定语从句的地点状语提前，用完全倒装。lie
表示“位于”的意思时，其过去式为“lay”。句意：最后我们到了一个偏僻的村子，村子前面有一条美丽的河。
③The
pilot
lost
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ontrol
with
the
military
base,
_______
the
plane
crashed
in
the
desert.
A.
by
means
of
which
B.
for
which
C.
in
case
of
which
D.
as
a
result
of
which
【答案与解析】D。本句前面讲的是原因，后
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面讲的是结果。Which
指代前面句子所说的内容，故用as
a
result(结果)of
which。by
means
of
通过……方式手段；in
case
of
以防万一。句意：那个飞行员和军事基地失去了联系，结果飞机在沙漠里坠毁了。
④Julie
was
go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od
at
German,
French
and
Russian,
all
of
_______
she
spoke
fluently.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】C。此处由“代词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+
of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，which
指代先行词German，French
and
Russian。that
不能引导非限制性定语从句。句意：朱莉精通德语、法语和俄语，并且说得都很流利。
⑤The
newly
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uilt
café,
the
walls
of
_______
are
painted
light
green,
is
really
a
peaceful
place
for
us,
specially
after
hard
work.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】D。选D
定语从句表示咖啡屋的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )墙。The
walls
of
which(指代咖啡屋)
=of
which
the
walls
=whose
walls
句意：其墙面被漆成为淡绿色那座新建的咖啡屋，对我们来说，特别是辛劳以后，真是个祥和的地方。
⑥In
our
class
there
are
46
students,
_______
half
wear
glasses.
A.
in
whom
B.
in
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
them
【答案与解析】C。of
whom
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
half=half
of
whom(指代学生)=and
half
of
them。句意：在我们班有46
个学生，其中有一半的人戴眼镜。
⑦The
settlement
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )home
to
nearly
1,000
people,
many
of
_______
left
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
them
D.
those
【答案与解析】A。由于先行词是“
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1,000
people”，表示人，故用whom。many
of
whom=and
many
of
them。句意：这个住宅区大约住有一千人，其中许多人为了更加美好的生活而离开他们的村庄来到这座城市的。
⑧There
are
two
buildings,
_______
stands
nearly
a
hundred
feet
high.
A.
the
larger
B.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
larger
of
them
C.
the
larger
one
that
D.
the
larger
of
which
【答案与解析】D。the
larger
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
of
which(指代两栋建筑)=andthe
larger
of
the
two
buildings。句意：有两栋建筑，其中较大的一栋建筑有一百英尺高。
⑨I
wish
to
thank
P
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rofessor
Smith,
without
_______
help
I
would
never
have
got
this
far.
A.
who
B.
whose
C.
whom
D.
which
【答案与解析】B。withou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
whose
help=and
without
his
help。whose
引导的是非限制性定语从句，在句中作“help”的定语，其先行词为“______________Professor
Smith”。句意：我真得感谢史密斯教授。如果没有他的帮助，我就永远不会(在学术上)走得这么远的。
⑩Mark
was
a
st
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udent
at
this
university
from
1999
to
2003,
_______
he
studied
very
hard
and
was
made
Chairman
of
the
Students’
Union.
A.
during
which
time
B.
for
which
time
C.
during
whose
time
D.
by
that
time
【答案与解析】A。先行词是表示一个时间段的
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )短语from1999
to
2003；句意：从1999
年到2003
年马克是这所大学的学生，在这(4
年)期间他学习很用功并被选为学生会主席，所缺词的意思为“在这期间”，故选A
项。
四、分隔式定语从句
一般来说，定语从句要紧跟在先行词之后，但有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时候先行词加上定语从句作主语时，主语显得太长，句子头重脚轻，因此把定语从句转移到整个主句的后面，造成先行词与定语从句被分隔得现象；有时是由于行文的需要，先行词与定语从句被分割开来(即先行词与定语从句之间被插入了其他成分)。在这两种情况下就要求我们正确识别先行词。
①Occasions
are
quite
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
rare
_______
I
have
the
time
to
spend
a
day
with
my
kids.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
why
D.
when
【答案与解析】D。occas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion
是先行词，其意义有：“场合”指地点，“时机，时候”指时间。如果指场合，则用where
或者on
which
引导定语从句；如果指时间，则用when
或者in
which
引导定语从句。本句中的”occasions”显然指时间，所以用when
引导定语从句。句意：“我有时间和我的孩子们度过一天的机会是很少的。”此处when引导定语从句，修饰occasions,为分隔式定语从句。故选D。
②
Later
in
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his
chapter
cases
will
be
introduced
to
readers
_______
consumer
complaints
have
resulted
in
changes
in
the
law.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
who
D.
which
【答案与解析】先行词是前
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面的cases，空白处在从句中作状语，应用where
引导，指抽象的地点，意为“在这些案例中……”。整个句子可分解为：Later
in
this
chapter
cases
will
be
introduced
to
readers.
In
these
cases
consumer
complaints
have
resulted
in
changes
in
the
law.
句意：本章下面将向读者介绍几个消费者投诉演变成法律诉讼的案例。
五、定语从句的正确甄别
定语从句与其它从句(句型)的混淆，常见的情况如下：
1.定语从句与并列句
①Mr.
Li
has
three
daughters,
none
of
_______
is
an
engineer.
②Mr.
Li
has
three
daughters,
but
none
of
_______
is
an
engineer.
A.
which
B.
whom
C.
them
D.
what
【答案与解析】从结构上看，①题前后两个句子
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用逗号隔开，应该是定语从句，故选B.
whom。句意：李先生有三个女儿，其中没有哪个是工程师。②题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词选C.
them。句意：李先生有三个女儿，但是她们中没有哪个是工程师。
2.定语从句与状语从句
①This
is
the
place
_______
we
used
to
live
a
few
years
ago.
②Let’s
go
_______
we
can
find
a
better
job.
A.
which
B.
in
which
C.
where
D.
that
【答案与解析】①题选B
或C。定语从句，先
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行词为the
place，句意：这是几年前我们居住的地方。②题选C。地点状语从句，“go”为不及物动词，后面应该跟状语。句意：我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。
③It
is
such
an
interesting
book
_______
as
we
all
like.
④It
is
such
an
interesting
book
_______
that
we
all
like
it.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】③题为定语从句，先
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行词为an
interesting
book，选B，as
在从句中用作动词like
的宾语，它引导的是定语从句。句意：它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。④题为“such...that...”结构，that
不充当句子成分，它所引导的是结果状语从句，选A。句意：它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都喜欢它。
3.定语从句与同位语从句
①The
news
_______
she
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
had
passed
the
exam
made
her
parents
very
happy.
②The
news
_______
he
told
us
interested
all
of
us.
A.
that
B.
不填C.
when
D.
when
【答案与解析】①题选A。同位语从句，此句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的同位语从句说明了“the
news”的内容(她考试及格了)。句意：她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。②题选A
或B(在定语从句中作宾语的that可以省略)。定语从句。其定语从句只对“the
news”进行了限定，并没有说明“the
news”的内容，句意：他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。
4.定语从句与强调句
①It
was
April
29,
2
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )001
_______
Prince
William
and
Kate
Middleton
walked
into
the
palace
hall
of
the
wedding
ceremony.
②
It
was
on
April
29,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
2001
_______
Prince
William
and
Kate
Middleton
walked
into
the
palace
hall
of
the
wedding
ceremony.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
since
D.
before
【答案与解析】①题选B。去掉I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
was
和空格后，April
29,
2011
不可以单独作时间状语，所以不是强调句型。用when
引导定语从句修饰April
29,
2011。句意：2011
年4
月29
日，威廉王子与凯特·米德尔顿步入了婚礼殿堂。②题选A。去掉It
was
和空格后，句子仍然完整，故是强调句型。句意：就是在2011
年4
月29
日，威廉王子与凯特·米德尔顿步入了婚礼殿堂。
5.定语从句与简单句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It
is
in
the
ve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
village,
where
Mary
was
born
35
years
ago,
that
she
will
build
her
first
school,
________
inspires
everyone
to
help
her.
②It
is
in
the
very
vil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lage,
where
Mary
was
born
35
years
ago,
that
she
will
build
her
first
school.
________
inspires
everyone
to
help
her.
【答案与解析】含有定语从句的复合句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词来引导从句；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，指代前面整个句子所说的内容；②题则填It，指代前面整个句子所说的事情。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。两个句子意义一样：就在她35
年前出生的村庄里，玛丽要建她的第一所学校。这件事鼓舞了每个人都去帮助她。2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12定语从句
高考押题(原卷版)
1.—We
shall
ta
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke
the
condition
_______
you’ve
attached
to
this
project
into
careful
consideration.
—Thanks
a
lot.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
which
D.
what
2.High
tech
refer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
to
any
invention,
system
or
device
_______
uses
the
newest
ideas
or
discoveries
of
science
and
engineering.
A.
what
B.
where
C.
that
D.
/
3.—Is
that
the
small
town
you
often
refer
to
—Yes,
just
the
one
_______
you
know
I
worked
for
years.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
that
D.
what
4.Everything
_______
shines is not necessarily gold.
A. which
B. when
C.
what
D.
that
5.The
88th
Academy
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Award
Ceremony
was
held
in
Dolby
Theatre
_______
seats
an
audience
of
approximately
3,400.
A.
where
B.
whose
C.
when
D.
which
6.Developing
nations
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
insist
that
richer
countries,
_______
have
already
completed
their
own
polluting
industrial
revolution,
must
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
shoulder
the
greater
burden
for
the
carbon
emission
cuts.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
it
D.
which
7.It
wasn’t
ea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sy
having
my
friends
talk
about
their
freshman
years
_______
I
wasn’t
a
part
of.
A.
whom
B.
when
C.
that
D.
what
8.Tech-free
tourism
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )refers
to
traveling
without
a
mobile
phone
or
similar
devices,
particularly
to
places
_______
block
or
cannot
access
Internet
and
cellular
signals.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
when
D.
who
9.Until
now,
we
have
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
raised
50.000
pounds
for
the
poor
children,
_______
is
quite
unexpected.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
it
10.Happiness
is
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
butterfly,
which,
when
pursued,
is
always
just
beyond
your
grasp,
but
_______,
if
you
will
sit
down
quietly,
may
alight
upon
you.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
one
D.
whose
11.Last
fall,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I
went
to
the
US
as
an
exchange
student.
I’ll
never
forget
my
home
stay
there
_______
I
became
a
real
DIY
enthusiast.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
that
D.
which
12.The
past
is
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
bank
_______
we
store
our
most
valuable
possession:
the
memories
that
give
meaning
and
depth
to
our
lives.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
when
13.Whatever
is
le
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ft
over
may
be
put
into
the
refrigerator,
_______
it
will
keep
for
two
or
three
weeks.
A.
when
B.
which
C.
where
D.
while
14.There
was
a
tim
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
_______
I
thought
my
dad
didn’t
know
a
thing
about
being
a
good
father.
A.
when
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
15.Generally
speaking,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
such
important
strategies
were
applied
in
learning
practice
_______
almost
every
student
could
benefit
from
in
life.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
as
D.
where
16.I
want
to
work
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
home
on
a
Tuesday
but
_______
it
turns
out,
sometimes
it’s
a
Wednesday
or
a
Thursday.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
when
D.
since
17.
_______
is
often
the
case,
some
British
people
are
not
familiar
with
different
cultures.
A.
Which
B.
As
C.
It
D.
That
18.The
air
qual
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity
in
the
city,
_______
is
shown
in
the
report,
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
as
D.
what
19.—Hello,
is
Mr.
Smith
in
—Sorry,
there
is
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
such
person
_______
you
referred
to
in
my
office.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
who
D.
whom
20.The
traffic
might
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
be
very
busy
now,
_______
case
we
may
be
considerably
delayed.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
of
which
D.
in
which
21.The
year
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
2016
is
the
beginning
of
China’s
13th
Five-Year
Plan,
_______
ecological
civilization
is
an
important
part.
A.
of
which
B.
in
which
C.
for
which
D.
on
which
22.There
are
many
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onderful
theme
parks
in
America,
_______
Disneyland
in
California
is
my
favorite.
A.
for
which
B.
with
which
C.
of
which
D.
in
which
23.The
book
was
writ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ten
in
1946,
_______
the
education
system
has
witnessed
great
changes.
A.
when
B.
during
which
C.
since
then
D.
since
when
24.In
history,
the
Ro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many
split
into
different
groups
and
developed
their
own
language,
_______
there
are
now
approximately
sixty
varieties.
A.
by
which
B.
of
which
C.
by
whom
D.
of
whom
25.
Every
naval
par
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade
can
provide
a
platform,
_______
navies
on
behalf
of
different
nations
can
communicate.
A.
in
which
B.
through
which
C.
across
which
D.
from
which
26.In
our
class
there
are
50
students,
half
_______
wear
glasses.
A.
in
whom
B.
in
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
them
27.That
faith
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Father’s
keeps
him
continually
ready
and
purposeful
with
energy
to
do
what
he
can
towards
shaping
the
environment
around
us
_______
each
of
us
can
grow
with
freedom.
A.
so
that
B.
in
which
C.
in
that
D.
which
28.The
door
was
open,
from
_______
he
could
see
everything
outside.
A.
which
B.
after
which
C.
behind
it
D.
where
29.The
handicraf
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts,
_______
had
been
made
by
the
students,
were
sold
out
soon.
A.
most
of
which
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
most
of
what
C.
most
of
them
D.
most
of
whom
30.Between
1918
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1938,
many
new
underground
stations
were
constructed,
_______
was
designed
by
an
architect
named
Charles
Holden.
A.
the
most
famous
of
which
B.
the
most
famous
of
them
C.
the
most
fam
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ous
of
whom
D.
and
the
most
famous
of
which
31.Detectives
are
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )investigating
the
company,
three
of _______
senior
executives
have
already
been
arrested.
A.
its
B.
which
C.
whose
D.
those
32.Your
senses
become
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alert
and
you
suddenly
find
the
answer
to
a
problem
_______
solution
has
long
escaped
you
as
a
brilliant
thought
crosses
your
mind.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
whose
D.
when
33.They
arrived
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
the
border
between
Kenya
and
Tanzania
at
2
pm,
_______
lies
a
national
nature
reserve.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
where
D.
when
34.The
days
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are
gone
_______
we
could
leave
our
door
unlocked
at
night.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
while
35.The
sides
of
the
Ir
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an
nuclear
negotiation
reached
a
key
point,
the
result
of
_______
would
have
a
great
influence
on
the
world
peace.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
whom
D.
them
36.—What
do
you
think
of
your
new
job
—I
think
it
is
a
job
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
_______
you
are
doing
something
serious
but
exciting.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
that
37.The
meeting
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rovides
the
staff
with
a
broad
platform,
_______
cooperation
is
most
stressed
in
improving
the
management
of
a
company.
A.
which
B.
as
C.
where
D.
whose
38.Young
people
who
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
have
got
jobs
may
realize
university
lessons
can’t
be
the
only
preparation
for
all
of
the
situations
_______
appear
in
the
working
world.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
that
D.
what
39.Giving
is
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
universal
opportunity
_______
regardless
of
your
age,
profession,
religion,
and
background,
you
have
the
capacity
to
create
change.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
where
D.
which
40.Obviously
he
had
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
set
up
a
situation
_______
he
didn’t
have
to
blame,
or
even
recognize,
his
own
shyness.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
that
D.
whom
41.I
have
had
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch
a
case
_______
a
boy
whispered
to
his
desk-mate
now
and
then
while
I
was
having
lessons.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
when
D.
as
42.Researcher
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
are
now
conducting
hibernation
experiment
and
can
use
chemicals
to
put
living
cells
into
sleep-like
state
_______
they
don’t
age.
A.
for
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
which
43.Creating
an
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tmosphere
_______
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
A.
as
B.
whose
C.
in
which
D.
at
which
44.Many
colleg
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
graduates
are
willing
to
run
online
shops
to
get
over
the
occasion
_______
they
have
difficult
finding
a
well-paid
job.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
when
45.It
was
Sept
3,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
2015
_______
China
held
a
massive
military
parade
to
mark
the
70th
anniversary
of
its
victory
in
the
Chinese
People’s
War
of
Resistance
against
Japanese
Aggression
and
the
World
Anti-Fascist
War.
A.
that
B.
since
C.
when
D.
before
46.—Where
will
the
peace
talk
be
held
—It
is
in
the
hotel
_______
we
stayed
last
time
we
went
to
Beijing.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
that
D.
when
47.His
promise
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
he
would
give
away
half
of
the
year’s
income
to
the
disabled
turned
out
a
lie,
______
made
the
public
feel
cheated.
A.
which;
what
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
that;
which
C.
what;
which
D.
which;
that
48.Protesters
calling
for
a
higher
minimum
wage
gather
on
Tuesday
in
Miami,
Florida,
as
part
of
_______
organizers
called
a
“
day
of
action”
nationwide
to
improve
the
salaries
of
fast
food
workers
in
the
United
states
______
are
badly
paid.
A.
which;
who
B.
what;
that
C.
what;
how
D.
how;
which
49.The
place
_______
the
bridge
is
supposed
to
be
built
should
be
_______
the
cross-river
traffic
is
the
heaviest.
A.
which;
where
B.
where;
in
which
C.
in
which;
where
D.
in
which;
in
which
50.There
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )no
greatness
_______
simplicity,
goodness
and
truth
are
absent.
A.
in
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
because2017
届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12
定语从句
高考押题(解析版)
1.—We
shall
tak
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
the
condition
_______
you’ve
attached
to
this
project
into
careful
consideration.
—Thanks
a
lot.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
which
D.
what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“我们一定会仔细
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考虑你附加在这个项目上的条件的。”“非常感谢。”此题考查定语从句，先行词为condition，在从句中做attach
的宾语，故选C
适合。
2.High
tech
refers
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )any
invention,
system
or
device
_______
uses
the
newest
ideas
or
discoveries
of
science
and
engineering.
A.
what
B.
where
C.
that
D.
/
【答案】C
【解析】空格后为定语从句，先行词为“an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
invention,
system
or
device”，且在从句中充当主语故不可省略，故要用关系代词that，所以选C。句意：高科技指的是使用最新的理念或科技的发明，系统或者设备。
3.—Is
that
the
small
town
you
often
refer
to
—Yes,
just
the
one
_______
you
know
I
worked
for
years.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】B
【解析】先行词“the
one”指代的是“t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
small
town”表示地点，且后面定语从句缺少的是地点状语，用where。“you
know”是插入语。句意：“那就是你经常提到的小镇吗？”“是的。你知道，就是我在那里工作了很多年的那个小镇。”
4.Everything
_______
shines
is
not
necessarily
gold.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
what
D.
that
【答案】D
【解析】everythi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
等不定代词充当先行词时，不可用which
引导定语从句；因从句缺主语不可用when；what
只引导名词性从句，故D
项正确。句意：闪闪发光的东西未必就是金子。
5.The
88th
Academy
Aw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard
Ceremony
was
held
in
Dolby
Theatre
_______
seats
an
audience
of
approximately
3,400.
A.
where
B.
whose
C.
when
D.
which
【答案】D
【解析】先行词为“Dolby
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Theatre”，从句中的“seats”为动词，意为“容纳”，从句中缺少主语，
故需要用关系代词which。故选D。句意：第88
届奥斯卡颁奖典礼在能容下大约3
400
名观众的杜比剧院举行。
6.Developing
n
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ations
insist
that
richer
countries,
_______
have
already
completed
their
own
polluting
industrial
revolution,
must
shoulder
the
greater
burden
for
the
carbon
emission
cuts.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
it
D.
which
【答案】D
【解析】前后句用逗号隔开
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，再根据句子意思，可以判断是非限制性定语从句，这样就可以排除ABC
三个选项，因为that
不可以引导非限制性定语从句，what,
it
不可以引导定语从句。先行词为“richer
countries”，从句中少主语，故用which。句意：发展中国家坚持认为已经完成了自己的污染工业革命的富裕国家必须为减少二氧化碳的排放承担更大的责任。
7.It
wasn’t
ea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sy
having
my
friends
talk
about
their
freshman
years
_______
I
wasn’t
a
part
of.
A.
whom
B.
when
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是their
freshma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
years，这是指时间的名词，排除A
项，因为A
项指人；定语从句wasn’t
a
part
of
中介词of
的后面缺少宾语，可知使用关系代词BCD
中只有C
项是关系代词。故C
正确。
8.Tech-free
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ourism
refers
to
traveling
without
a
mobile
phone
or
similar
devices,
particularly
to
places
_______
block
or
cannot
access
Internet
and
cellular
signals.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
when
D.
who
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是“place
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s”虽然指的是地点，但是从句中缺少的是主语，所以用which。句意：“远离电子产品的旅游(零科技旅游)”指的是不带手机或类似装置的旅行，尤其是到屏蔽或没有互联网和手机信号的地方旅游。
9.Until
now,
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have
raised
50.000
pounds
for
the
poor
children,
_______
is
quite
unexpected.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
it
【答案】B
【解析】非限制性定语从句引导词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一般是which
或者as，这里which
代指前面整个句子，所以选择B
项。句意：直到现在，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们募集了50000
英镑，这真是出乎意料。
10.Happiness
is
a
butt
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erfly,
which,
when
pursued,
is
always
just
beyond
your
grasp,
but
_______,
if
you
will
sit
down
quietly,
may
alight
upon
you.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
one
D.
whose
【答案】B
【解析】句意：幸福是一只蝴蝶，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你要追逐它的时候，总是追不到，但是如果你悄悄的坐下来，它也许会飞落到你身上。a
butterfly
做先行词，故选B。
11.Last
fall,
I
went
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to
the
US
as
an
exchange
student.
I’ll
never
forget
my
home
stay
there
_______
I
became
a
real
DIY
enthusiast.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
that
D.
which
【答案】B
【解析】先行词“home
stay”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指代时间，从句中缺时间状语，用when。句意：去年秋天，我作为一个交换生去了美国。我将永远不会忘记住在当地居民家里的日子，那段时间，我真正成为了一个自己动手做事情的爱好者。
12.The
past
is
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bank
_______
we
store
our
most
valuable
possession:
the
memories
that
give
meaning
and
depth
to
our
lives.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】先行词为“the
bank”，指地点
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where=in
which。句意：过去就是一所银行，里面储存着我们最宝贵的财富：赐予我们生活的意义和深度的记忆。
13.Whatever
is
left
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over
may
be
put
into
the
refrigerator,
_______
it
will
keep
for
two
or
three
weeks.
A.
when
B.
which
C.
where
D.
while
【答案】C
【解析】句意：无论剩下什么东西，都可
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以放入冰箱中，在那儿可以保存两三个星期。where
it
will
keep
for
two
or
three
weeks
是定语从句，关系副词where
在从句中作地点状语。故选C。
14.There
was
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time
_______
I
thought
my
dad
didn’t
know
a
thing
about
being
a
good
father.
A.
when
B.
which
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】A
【解析】句意：曾经有一段时期，我认为我
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的爸爸根本不知道如何做一个好父亲。a
time
是先行词，在when引导的定语从句当中做状语，故选A。
15.Generally
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )speaking,
such
important
strategies
were
applied
in
learning
practice
_______
almost
every
student
could
benefit
from
in
life.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
as
D.
where
【答案】C
【解析】定语从句“____
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___
almost
every
student
could
benefit
from
in
life”中benefit
from
后面缺少宾语，且先行词被such
修饰，故需要使用as
一词来充当，故选C。句意：通常地讲，如此重要的策略运用于学习实践中使得每一个学生都能从中受益。
16.I
want
to
work
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
at
home
on
a
Tuesday
but
_______
it
turns
out,
sometimes
it’s
a
Wednesday
or
a
Thursday.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
when
D.
since
【答案】A
【解析】根据句中turn
out
缺
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )少宾语，可以排除答案BC
和D
三个选项。此题考查as
引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面主句所说的内容。句意：我想周二在家工作，但结果却是，有时是周三或周四。
17.
_______
is
often
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
case,
some
British
people
are
not
familiar
with
different
cultures.
A.
Which
B.
As
C.
It
D.
That
【答案】B
【解析】as
在从句中做主语，指代后
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面主句所说的内容。。As
is
often
the
case
情况常常如此。句意：有些英国人不熟悉不同的文化，这是常有的事。故选B。
18.The
air
quality
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
city,
_______
is
shown
in
the
report,
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
as
D.
what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：正如报道的那样，在过去的两个
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )月里这个城市的空气质量已经改善了许多。在本句难点是把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了，把句子转换成_______
is
shown
in
the
report,
the
air
quality
in
the
city
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的是下文所提到的一句话用as
引导“正如……那样”。故选C。
19.—Hello,
is
Mr.
Smith
in
—Sorry,
there
is
no
such
person
_______
you
referred
to
in
my
office.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
who
D.
whom
【答案】B
【解析】这里的先行词是“such
perso
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n”，而“refer
to
sb.”意为“指的是……”。“such…
as…”引导定语从句，关系代词as
作及物动词“refer
to”的宾语。句意：“史密斯先生在吗？”“抱歉，在我们办公室里没有你说的这样一个人。”
20.The
traffic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )might
be
very
busy
now,
_______
case
we
may
be
considerably
delayed.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
of
which
D.
in
which
【答案】D
【解析】in
which
case
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“在这种(那种)情况下”，在这里引导非限制性定语从句(=and
in
this/that
case)。因此选D
项。句意：现在的交通可能很拥挤，如此一来，我们可能会耽搁很久。
21.The
year
of
201
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6
is
the
beginning
of
China’s
13th
Five-Year
Plan,
_______
ecological
civilization
is
an
important
part.
A.
of
which
B.
in
which
C.
for
which
D.
on
which
【答案】A
【解析】先行词为“the
pl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an”与“an
important
part”为所属关系，因此选A。句意：2016
年是中国第13
个5年计划的第一年，其中生态文明建设是其重要的一个部分。
22.There
are
many
wo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nderful
theme
parks
in
America,
_______
Disneyland
in
California
is
my
favorite.
A.
for
which
B.
with
which
C.
of
which
D.
in
which
【答案】C
【解析】先行词为“the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
wonderful
theme
parks”与“Disneyland”为所属关系，故选C
项。后面的定语从句实际上=and
Disneyland
in
California
of
the
wonderful
theme
parks
is
my
favorite.句意：在美国有很多很棒的主题公园，在这些公园中，迪斯尼乐园是我最爱的。
23.The
book
was
writt
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
in
1946,
_______
the
education
system
has
witnessed
great
changes.
A.
when
B.
during
which
C.
since
then
D.
since
when
【答案】D
【解析】根据从句中的现在完成时态和句意，我
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们可排除A、B
两项；短语since
then
意为“从那以后”，但不能引导一个定语从句，因此也排除了C
项；故此处应选D
项，since
when
相当于and
since
then，它能引导一个定语从句。句意：该书写于1946
年，从那以后教育制度已经历了巨大变化。
24.In
history,
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Romany
split
into
different
groups
and
developed
their
own
language,
_______
there
are
now
approximately
sixty
varieties.
A.
by
which
B.
of
which
C.
by
whom
D.
of
whom
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在历史上，吉普赛人会分化成
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不同的群体因而发展了他们的语言，所以现在大约有六十种各种各样的语言。由“varieties
of
各种各样的”变形而来。and
there
are
now
approximately
sixtyvarieties
of
languages=of
which
there
are
now
approximately
sixty
varieties
大约有六十种各种各样的语言，先行词为“language”，故选B
项。
25.
Every
naval
para
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de
can
provide
a
platform,
_______
navies
on
behalf
of
different
nations
can
communicate.
A.
in
which
B.
through
which
C.
across
which
D.
from
which
【答案】B
【解析】先行词“platform”，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )communicate
through
the
platform
意为“通过这个平台进行交流”。句意：每次海军阅兵都能提供一个平台，通过这个平台代表着不同国家的海军就可以进行交流。
26.In
our
class
there
are
50
students,
half
_______
wear
glasses.
A.
in
whom
B.
in
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
them
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是50
stu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dents，half
of
表示其中的一半，of
表从属，跟在介词of
后面应该用宾格，而且先行词是人，可知选C
项。half
of
whom=of
whom
half=and
half
of
them。句意：我们班有50
个学生，其中一半人带眼镜。
27.That
faith
of
Fat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her’s
keeps
him
continually
ready
and
purposeful
with
energy
to
do
what
he
can
towards
shaping
the
environment
around
us
_______
each
of
us
can
grow
with
freedom.
A.
so
that
B.
in
which
C.
in
that
D.
which
【答案】B
【解析】先行词为“the
envi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ronment”，在这种环境中应该用：in
the
environment，所以用in
which=where。如果要选备选项A
的话，就要在句末加上“in
it=in
the
environment”。如果要选备选项D
的话就要在句末加上“in”跟关系代词“which”构成“in
which=where”的关系。句意：父亲的那种信念使他常常精力充沛、尽他所能去营造我们周围的环境，让我们每个人能在其中自由的成长。
28.The
door
was
open,
from
_______
he
could
see
everything
outside.
A.
which
B.
after
which
C.
behind
it
D.
where
【答案】D
【解析】也许当你看到from
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
时，就会下意识地去选A，因为介词跟关系词的选用好像只有which
和whom两个，但是说“from
the
door”显然是不符合逻辑的。这里实际上是说“from
the
place
where
the
door
was
open(从门开着的地方)”，所以用from
where
意为“从某处、从某个地方”。句意：门开了，从那儿他可以看到外面所有的东西。本句话指从开着的门向外看。再比如：He
hid
himself
in
a
tree,from
where
he
could
see
the
enemy
in
the
distance.他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
29.The
handicr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )afts,
_______
had
been
made
by
the
students,
were
sold
out
soon.
A.
most
of
which
B.
most
of
what
C.
most
of
them
D.
most
of
whom
【答案】A
【解析】先行词为“The
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
handicrafts”指物，非限制性定语从句中少主语，故用most
of
which。句意：这些手工艺品，其中绝大多数是学生制作的，不久就销售一空。
30.Between
1918
and
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1938,
many
new
underground
stations
were
constructed,
_______
was
designed
by
an
architect
named
Charles
Holden.
A.
the
most
famous
of
which
B.
the
most
famous
of
them
C.
the
most
famous
of
whom
D.
and
the
most
famous
of
which
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是many
new
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tations，the
most
famous
of
表示其中最著名的，of
表从属，跟在介词of
后面，而且代替sth.应该用which。可知选A
项。1918
至1938
年之间，建成了许多新的地铁站，其中最有名的是由建筑师查理斯﹒霍尔登设计的。
31.Detectives
are
inv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )estigating
the
company,
three
of
_______
senior
executives
have
already
been
arrested.
A.
its
B.
which
C.
whose
D.
those
【答案】C
【解析】先行词company
在从句中作定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语，用关系代词whose，故选C。后面的从句实际是“and
three
of
the
senior
executives
of
the
company
have
already
been
arrested”的意思。句意：侦探们正在对这家公司进行调查。这家公司高级管理人员中已经有三人已被逮捕。
32.Your
senses
become
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alert
and
you
suddenly
find
the
answer
to
a
problem
_______
solution
has
long
escaped
you
as
a
brilliant
thought
crosses
your
mind.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
whose
D.
when
【答案】C
【解析】先行词“problem”与“solu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion”所属关系，故用whose，表示“问题的解决方式”。句意：当一个非凡的想法在你头脑中闪过时，你的思维变得敏锐起来，你突然找到让你困惑已久的问题的答案。
33.They
arrived
at
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
border
between
Kenya
and
Tanzania
at
2
pm,
_______
lies
a
national
nature
reserve.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
where
D.
when
【答案】C
【解析】注意定语从句的分隔现象。句中bor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )der
为先行词，后面定语从句的主语为a
national
nature
reserve，先行词在从句中作地点状语，因此用where
作关系副词。故C
正确。句意：他们下午两点到了肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的边界处，那里有一个国家自然保护区。
34.The
days
are
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
gone
_______
we
could
leave
our
door
unlocked
at
night.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
while
【答案】C
【解析】注意定语从句的分隔现象。先行词为t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
days，谓语是are
gone，后面的从句不缺少主语或宾语，缺少时间状语，所以使用关系副词。故选C。句意：我们可以夜不闭户的日子已经一去不复返了。
35.The
sides
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
Iran
nuclear
negotiation
reached
a
key
point,
the
result
of
_______
would
have
a
great
influence
on
the
world
peace.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
whom
D.
them
【答案】B
【解析】注意定语从句的分隔现象。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )先行词为“negotiation”，所填的词又要作介词“of”的宾语，故只能用关系代词“which”。The
result
of
which=of
which
the
result=whose
result。句意：伊朗核武器多边谈判已经到了一个关键点上，谈判的结果将会对世界和平产生巨大的影响。
36.—What
do
you
think
of
your
new
job
—I
think
it
is
a
job
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______
you
are
doing
something
serious
but
exciting.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
that
【答案】A
【解析】句意：“你觉得你的新工作怎
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )么样？”
“我认为这是一份虽然做起事情来很严肃但能让人兴奋的工作”。先行词job
表示抽象地点，且后面的定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，故用where
引导，相当于in
which。因此选B
项。
37.The
meeti
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
provides
the
staff
with
a
broad
platform,
_______
cooperation
is
most
stressed
in
improving
the
management
of
a
company.
A.
which
B.
as
C.
where
D.
whose
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这次会议给全体员工
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提供了一个宽广的平台，这一平台上强调合作在提高一个公司管理水平上的作用。先行词是platform，表示抽象地点，且后面定语从句中不缺少基本成分，故用关系副词where
引导。因此选C
项。
38.Young
peopl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
who
have
got
jobs
may
realize
university
lessons
can’t
be
the
only
preparation
for
all
of
the
situations
_______
appear
in
the
working
world.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
that
D.
what
【答案】C
【解析】分析句子成分并结合句子意思理解，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少的是主语而不是状语，因此选择关系代词that。句意：那些获得工作的年轻人可能意识到大学课程并不能为工作中出现的所有情况作准备。
39.Giving
is
a
u
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )niversal
opportunity
_______
regardless
of
your
age,
profession,
religion,
and
background,
you
have
the
capacity
to
create
change.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
where
D.
which
【答案】C
【解析】先行词为opportuni
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty，从句完整不缺成分，故用where
引导定语从句。故答案选C。句意：给予是一种普世的机会，无论年纪、职业、宗教、收入差距及背景，你都可以创造改变。
40.Obviously
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
had
set
up
a
situation
_______
he
didn’t
have
to
blame,
or
even
recognize,
his
own
shyness.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
that
D.
whom
【答案】A
【解析】先行词“situation”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
指抽象地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。句意：很明显他已经创建起了这样一个环境，在这种环境里他不需要责备或者承认自己的害羞。
41.I
have
had
such
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
case
_______
a
boy
whispered
to
his
desk-mate
now
and
then
while
I
was
having
lessons.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
when
D.
as
【答案】B
【解析】“case”是定语从
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句的先行词，后面的句子结构很完整，应该使用关系副词引导这个定语从句并在从句中充当地点状语。故B
正确。AD
两项在定语从句中不能做状语，关系副词when
的先行词是表示时间的名词或代词。句意：我曾经遇到过一种情况：一个男孩在我正在讲课的时候时常和他的同桌小声说话。
42.Researcher
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
are
now
conducting
hibernation
experiment
and
can
use
chemicals
to
put
living
cells
into
sleep-like
state
_______
they
don’t
age.
A.
for
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
which
【答案】C
【解析】先行词为“state”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示抽象的地点，故C
正确。句意：研究人员现在正在作冬眠实验，他们可以使用化学药物使活着的细胞进入睡眠状态，在这个状态中他们不会变老。
43.Creating
an
at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mosphere
_______
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
A.
as
B.
whose
C.
in
which
D.
at
which
【答案】C
【解析】这是一个定语从句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，in
the
atmosphere“在氛围中”是一个固定搭配。in
which=where。句意：创造一种能使员工们感觉到是团队中的一员的氛围，是一个巨大的挑战。
44.Many
college
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )raduates
are
willing
to
run
online
shops
to
get
over
the
occasion
_______
they
have
difficult
finding
a
well-paid
job.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
when
【答案】D
【解析】此处先行词“occasio
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n(时机，时刻)”表示时间，且后面定语从句中不缺基本成分，故关系副词when，在定语从句中作时间状语。因此选D
项。句意：许多大学毕业生情愿开网店来度过他们很难找到一份薪水高的工作这一艰难时刻。
45.It
was
Sept
3
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
2015
_______
China
held
a
massive
military
parade
to
mark
the
70th
anniversary
of
its
victory
in
the
Chinese
People’s
War
of
Resistance
against
Japanese
Aggression
and
the
World
Anti-Fascist
War.
A.
that
B.
since
C.
when
D.
before
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是Sept
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3,
2015,定语从句不缺少主语或宾语，又因为先行词指时间，因此用when
引导。容易误将此题判定为强调句，把it
was
和空格去掉的话，Sept3,2015
无法与整个句子连接起来，说明不是强调句，故选C。句意：中国在2015
年9
月3
日举行大规模阅兵来纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70
周年。
46.—Where
will
the
peace
talk
be
held
—It
is
in
the
hotel
_______
we
stayed
last
time
we
went
to
Beijing.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
that
D.
when
【答案】A
【解析】容易误将此题判定为强调句，把it
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
和和空格去掉的话去掉的话，上下文逻辑意义就不通，说明不是强调句。where
在此作为地点关系副词引导定语从句。句意：“和平谈判会在哪里举行？”“在
我们上次去北京的住的那家酒店里举行。”故答案选A。
47.His
promise
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______
he
would
give
away
half
of
the
year’s
income
to
the
disabled
turned
out
a
lie,
______
made
the
public
feel
cheated.
A.
which;
what
B.
that;
which
C.
what;
which
D.
which;
that
【答案】B
【解析】第一空不是定语从句，是同
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位语从句，对前面的名词promise
的内容进行的解释说明，故只能用that。that
在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用和连接作用，也没有实际的含义。第二空的which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，which
指代前面一句话的内容在句中做主语。That
不能引导非限制性定语从句，what
不能引导定语从句。句义：他要把一年一半的收入捐给残疾人的承诺结果证明是一个谎言，这让公众感觉被欺骗了。
48.Protester
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
calling
for
a
higher
minimum
wage
gather
on
Tuesday
in
Miami,
Florid
a,
as
part
of
_______
organizers
called
a
“
day
of
action”
nationwide
to
improve
the
salaries
of
fast
food
workers
in
the
United
states
______
are
badly
paid.
A.
which;
who
B.
what;
that
C.
what;
how
D.
how;
which
【答案】B
【解析】第一空用what
引导宾语从句；
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二空用that
引导定语从句，that
作为先行词salaries
的关系代词，在从句中做主语。句意：作为被组织者称为提高美国快餐食品员工菲薄的工资的全国性“行动日”的一部分，反对者们在周二集中在迈阿密和佛罗里达要求提高最低工资。故选B。
49.The
place
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____
the
bridge
is
supposed
to
be
built
should
be
_______
the
cross-river
traffic
is
the
heaviest.
A.
which;
where
B.
wh
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere;
in
which
C.
in
which;
where
D.
in
which;
in
which
【答案】C
【解析】本句中含有一个定语从句。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )先行词是the
place，并且在从句中做地点状语，所以应该用where
或in
which；第二个从句跟在系动词be
后面，所以是表语从句，表语从句中缺少地点状语，所以用where
引导。句意：这座桥应该建造的地方是跨河交通最繁忙的地方。可知选C
项。
50.There
is
no
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reatness
_______
simplicity,
goodness
and
truth
are
absent.
A.
in
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
because
【答案】C
【解析】如果将本题误认作为定语从
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句，就有可能把AC
都排除掉。其实这是一个地点状语从句。我们可以将此句按照一句名言“Where
there’s
a
will,
there’s
a
way(有志者事竟成)”的结构来改写成“Where
there
is
no
simplicity,
goodness
or
truth,
there
is
no
greatness”，句子结构就一目了然了。句意：哪里没有单纯、善良和真理，哪里就没有什么伟大(在单纯、善良和真理缺失的地方是没有什么伟大的)。2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12定语从句
知识精讲(学生版)
定语从句的基本用法
一、定语从句的基本概念
由关系代词或副词引导一个句子来修饰一个名
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词、代词亦或一个句子的从句被称之为定语从句(又称形容词性从句)，是跟名词性从句以及状语从句(又称副词性从句)相齐名的三大从句之一。
1.定语从句的要素
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，亦或是一个句子；
关系代词或副词：引导定语从句的词；
关系代词在从句中充当：主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分，而关系副词只可以充当状语。
①She
has
a
gift
for
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reating
an
atmosphere
for
her
students
_______
allows
them
to
communicate
freely
with
each
other.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
who
【答案与解析】
②They’ve
won
their
la
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st
three
matches,
_______
I
find
a
bit
surprising
A.
that
B.
when
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】
③I’ve
become
good
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riends
with
several
of
the
students
in
my
school
_______
I
meet
in
the
English
speech
contest
last
year.
A.
who
B.
where
C.
when
D.
which
【答案与解析】
④A
person
_______
e-mail
account
is
full
won’t
be
able
to
send
or
receive
any
e-mails.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
whose
D.
whoever
【答案与解析】
⑤Mozart’s
birthpl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ace
and
the
house
_______
he
composed
‘The
Magic
Flute’
are
both
museums
now.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
there
D.
which
【答案与解析】
2.定语从句的分类
限制性定语从句：从句对其所修饰的先行词起限制作用，若没有了这个从句从句，句子意思要么不完整要么就改变意思，故主从句之间不用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句：从句对其所修饰的先行词补充说明，若没有这个从句，句意相对完整，故主从句之间往往用逗号隔开。
①The
days
are
gone
_______
physical
strength
was
all
you
needed
to
make
a
living.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
where
D.
which
【答案与解析】
②Between
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )two
parts
of
the
concert
is
an
interval,
_______
the
audience
can
buy
ice-cream.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】
二、关系代词(副词)的基本用法
1.关系代词的用法
关系代词
先行词
在从句中所做成分
who
指人
主语、表语或宾语
whom
指人
宾语，特别注意作介词的宾语
whose
指人或指物
定语
that
指人、指物或事情
主语、表语或宾语
as
指人或指主句内容
主语、表语或宾语
which
指物或事情、指主句内容
主语、表语或宾语
①After
the
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )looding,
people
were
suffering
in
that
area,
_______
urgently
needed
clean
water,
medicine
and
shelter
to
survive.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
where
D.
what
【答案与解析】
②She
brought
with
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er
three
friends,
none
of
_______
I
had
ever
met
before.
A.
them
B.
who
C.
whom
D.
these
【答案与解析】
③As
a
child,
Jack
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudied
in
a
village
school,
_______
is
named
after
his
grandfather.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
that
【答案与解析】
④My
friend
showed
me
round
the
town,
_______
was
very
kind
of
him.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
it
【答案与解析】
⑤Many
children,
_______
parents
are
away
working
in
big
cities,
are
taken
good
care
of
in
the
village.
A.
their
B.
whose
C.
of
them
D.
with
whom
【答案与解析】
⑥I
was
born
in
New
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Orleans,
Louisiana,
a
city
_______
name
will
create
a
picture
of
beautiful
trees
and
green
grass
in
our
mind.
A.
which
B.
of
which
C.
that
D.
whose
【答案与解析】
⑦The
air
quality
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
city,
______
is
shown
in
the
report,
has
improved
over
the
past
two
months.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
as
D.
what
【答案与解析】
2.关系副词的用法
关系代词
先行词
在从句中所做成分
when
时间
状语
where
地点
状语
why
原因
状语
①Because
of
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
financial
crisis,
days
are
gone
_______
local
5-star
hotels
charged
6,000
yuan
for
one
night.
A.
if
B.
when
C.
which
D.
since
【答案与解析】
②Life
is
like
a
lon
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g
race
_______
we
compete
with
others
to
go
beyond
ourselves.
A.
why
B.
what
C.
that
D.
where
【答案与解析】
③The
reason
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____
he
refused
to
attend
the
meeting
was
that
they
didn't
give
him
an
invitation
earlier.
A.
how
B.
why
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】
定语从句的重点点击
一、关系代词的用法注意点
1.只能用关系代词that的情况
①先行词为all,
everything,
anything,
nothing,
little,
much等不定代词时
Now
all
_______
is
urgently
needed
is
money
and
hands.
【答案与解析】
②先行词被all,
any,
every,
each,
much,
little,
no,
some,
few等修饰时；
We
heard
clearly
every
word
_______
he
said.
【答案与解析】
③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
The
third
place
_______
we
are
going
to
visit
is
Hangzhou.
【答案与解析】
④先行词既指人又指物时
She
described
in
he
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
compositions
the
people
and
places
_______
impressed
her
most.
【答案与解析】
⑤先行词被the
only,
the
very修饰时
He’s
the
only
boy
in
our
city
_______
enters
the
Beijing
University.
【答案与解析】
⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时
Who
is
the
girl
_______
drove
the
car
【答案与解析】
2.只能用which,
who,
whom的情况
①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人
After
graduating
fr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om
college,
I
took
some
time
off
to
go
travelling,
_______
turned
out
to
be
a
wise
decision.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】
Ellen
was
a
painter
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of
birds
and
nature,
_______,
for
some
reason,
had
withdrawn
from
all
human
society.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
where
D.
whom
【答案与解析】
②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
Gun
control
is
a
subje
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct
_______
Americans
have
argued
for
a
long
time.
A.
of
which
B.
with
which
C.
about
which
D.
into
which
【答案与解析】
Have
you
sent
thank
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-you
notes
to
the
relatives
from
_______
you
received
gifts
A.
which
B.
them
C.
that
D.
whom
【答案与解析】
③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,
先行词为those,
one,
he时常常用who。
Happiness
and
succes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
often
come
to
those
_______
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】
3.the
way做先行词时，定语从句可以用that和in
which引导或是省略的
What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
_______
he
said
it.
A.
the
way
B.
in
the
way
that
C.
in
the
way
D.
the
way
which
【答案与解析】
4.as与which,
that的用法区别
①such…as(引导定语从句)，such…that(引导结果状语从句)
“so/such…that….”引导的是结果状语从句，从句的成分是完整的，也就是说that只起连接作用。
“such…
as…”引导的是定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句，从句的成分是不完整的，也就是说as代替先行词在从句中充当成分。比如下列三句表达的是一个意思：This
is
such
a
heavy
stone
as
no
one
can
lift.
(定语从句)
This
is
so
heavy
a
stone
that
no
one
can
lift
it.
(结果状语从句)
This
is
such
a
heavy
stone
that
no
one
can
lift
it.
(结果状语从句)
These
houses
are
sold
at
such
a
low
price
_______
people
expected.
A.
like
B.
as
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】
Pop
music
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______
an
important
part
of
society
_______
it
has
even
influenced
our
language.
A.
Such
;
as
B.
Such
;
that
C.
So
;
as
D.
So
;
that
【答案与解析】
②the
same…as和the
same
...that
的区别
the
same…
as表示“与……一样(但不是同一个)”，而the
same…that表示“同一个，就是那一个”的意思。
The
coat
you
wear
now
is
the
same
________
I
bought
yesterday.
A.
like
B.
as
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】
③as和which指代主句的内容时所引导的定语从句的区别
如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，也可以放在后面，甚至可以插在主句中间，那么用as；而which引导的从句一般放在主句后，并无“正如”的意思。
A
lot
of
language
lear
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ning,
_______
has
been
discovered,
is
happening
in
the
first
year
of
life,
so
parents
should
talk
much
to
their
children
during
that
period.
A.
as
B.
it
C.
which
D.
this
【答案与解析】
Ted
came
for
the
weeke
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd
wearing
only
some
shorts
and
a
T-shirt,
_______
is
a
stupid
thing
to
do
in
such
weather.
A.
this
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
that
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】
二、关系副词的用法注意点
1.where引导的定语从句
关系副词where引导定语从句时
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示(具体或抽象的)地点的名词。特别注意这些表示地点的抽象名词：case,
situation,
point,
stage,
position等
①It’s
helpful
to
put
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )children
in
a
situation
_______
they
can
see
themselves
differently.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
which
D.
where
【答案与解析】
②I
have
reached
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
point
in
my
life
_______
I
am
supposed
to
make
decisions
of
my
own.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
how
D.
why
【答案与解析】
③—Believe
it
or
not,
my
sister
and
I
are
twins.
—Oh,
you
must
ha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve
had
the
case
_______
you
were
taken
for
your
sister.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
where
D.
whom
【答案与解析】
④The
conflict
had
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eveloped
into
a
stage
_______
the
two
countries
were
gathering
big
troops
on
the
border.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】
⑤Sales
director
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
a
position
_______
communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】
2.
when引导的定语从句
关系副词
when引导定语从句时,
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。但是有些名词不是一眼就能看出是表示时间的，要经过认真分析才能确定。
①Spring
Festival
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
most
important
festival
in
China
and
an
occasion
_______
all
family
members
get
together,
just
like
Christmas
in
the
West.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
that
D.
which
【答案与解析】
②She’ll
neve
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
forget
her
stay
there
_______
she
found
her
son
who
had
gone
missing
two
years
before.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
where
D.
when
【答案与解析】
③We
live
in
an
ag
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
_______
more
information
is
available
with
great
ease
than
ever
before.
A.
why
B.
when
C.
to
whom
D.
on
which
【答案与解析】
3.
why引导的定语从句
关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。
I
don’t
know
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
reason
_______
you
were
absent
from
the
meeting,
and
I
am
not
sure
whether
someone
will
tell
me
the
reason
_______
you
haven’t
told
me.
A.
why;
that
B.
that;
why
C.
because;
why
D.
of
which;
that
【答案与解析】
三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句的基本形式是：介词(介词短语)+关系代词(①②③)。
其常见的拓展形式有：1.不定代词＋介词＋关系代词(④)
2.the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词(有变形)
(⑤⑥)
3.数词＋介词＋关系代词(⑦)
4.the＋形容词比较级(最高级)＋介词＋关系代词(⑧)
5.介词＋whose＋名词(⑨)
6.介词＋which＋名词(⑩)
①He
was
educated
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
at
a
local
grammar
school,
_______
he
went
on
to
Cambridge.
A.
from
which
B.
after
that
C.
after
which
D.
from
this
【答案与解析】
②At
last
we
reached
a
lonely
village,
_______
a
beautiful
river.
A.
in
front
of
it
lay
B.
in
front
of
which
lay
C.
in
front
of
it
laid
D.
in
front
of
which
lied
【答案与解析】
③The
pilot
lost
c
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ontrol
with
the
military
base,
_______
the
plane
crashed
in
the
desert.
A.
by
means
of
which
B.
for
which
C.
in
case
of
which
D.
as
a
result
of
which
【答案与解析】
④Julie
was
go
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od
at
German,
French
and
Russian,
all
of
_______
she
spoke
fluently.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】
⑤The
newly
buil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
café,
the
walls
of
_______
are
painted
light
green,
is
really
a
peaceful
place
for
us,
specially
after
hard
work.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
what
D.
which
【答案与解析】
⑥In
our
class
there
are
46
students,
_______
half
wear
glasses.
A.
in
whom
B.
in
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
them
【答案与解析】
⑦The
settlement
is
hom
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
to
nearly
1,000
people,
many
of
_______
left
their
village
homes
for
a
better
life
in
the
city.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
them
D.
those
【答案与解析】
⑧There
are
two
buildings,
_______
stands
nearly
a
hundred
feet
high.
A.
the
large
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r
B.
the
larger
of
them
C.
the
larger
one
that
D.
the
larger
of
which
【答案与解析】
⑨I
wish
to
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hank
Professor
Smith,
without
_______
help
I
would
never
have
got
this
far.
A.
who
B.
whose
C.
whom
D.
which
【答案与解析】
⑩Mark
was
a
studen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
at
this
university
from
1999
to
2003,
_______
he
studied
very
hard
and
was
made
Chairman
of
the
Students’
Union.
A.
during
which
time
B.
for
which
time
C.
during
whose
time
D.
by
that
time
【答案与解析】
四、分隔式定语从句
一般来说，定语从句要紧跟在先行词之后，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )但有时候先行词加上定语从句作主语时，主语显得太长，句子头重脚轻，因此把定语从句转移到整个主句的后面，造成先行词与定语从句被分隔得现象；有时是由于行文的需要，先行词与定语从句被分割开来(即先行词与定语从句之间被插入了其他成分)。在这两种情况下就要求我们正确识别先行词。
①Occasions
are
quite
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
rare
_______
I
have
the
time
to
spend
a
day
with
my
kids.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
why
D.
when
【答案与解析】
②Later
in
this
chap
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter
cases
will
be
introduced
to
readers
_______
consumer
complaints
have
resulted
in
changes
in
the
law.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
who
D.
which
【答案与解析】
五、定语从句的正确甄别
定语从句与其它从句(句型)的混淆，常见的情况如下：
1.定语从句与并列句
①Mr.
Li
has
three
daughters,
none
of
_______
is
an
engineer.
②Mr.
Li
has
three
daughters,
but
none
of
_______
is
an
engineer.
A.
which
B.
whom
C.
them
D.
what
【答案与解析】
2.定语从句与状语从句
①This
is
the
place
_______
we
used
to
live
a
few
years
ago.
②Let’s
go
_______
we
can
find
a
better
job.
A.
which
B.
in
which
C.
where
D.
that
【答案与解析】
③It
is
such
an
interesting
book
_______
as
we
all
like.
④It
is
such
an
interesting
book
_______
that
we
all
like
it.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】
3.定语从句与同位语从句
①The
news
_______
she
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had
passed
the
exam
made
her
parents
very
happy.
②The
news
_______
he
told
us
interested
all
of
us.
A.
that
B.
不填
C.
when
D.
when
【答案与解析】
4.定语从句与强调句
①It
was
April
2
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )9,
2001
_______
Prince
William
and
Kate
Middleton
walked
into
the
palace
hall
of
the
wedding
ceremony.
②It
was
on
April
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )29,
2001
_______
Prince
William
and
Kate
Middleton
walked
into
the
palace
hall
of
the
wedding
ceremony.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
since
D.
before
【答案与解析】
5.定语从句与简单句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It
is
in
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very
village,
where
Mary
was
born
35
years
ago,
that
she
will
build
her
first
school,
________
inspires
everyone
to
help
her.
②It
is
in
the
very
vil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lage,
where
Mary
was
born
35
years
ago,
that
she
will
build
her
first
school.
________
inspires
everyone
to
help
her.
【答案与解析】2017届高考英语语法复习精品系列(译林牛津版)──专题12定语从句
考点聚焦(学生版)
定语从句是高考的常考内容。解题时要遵循下列原则：①判别是不是定语从句，是限制性的还是非限
制性的定语从句；②如果从句中缺少主语、表
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语、宾语，就要用关系代词来引导从句；③如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来引导从句；④判断先行词的确切含义，再确定选用关系词。
The
exact
year
_______
Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
was
2008.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
why
D.
which
【答案与解析】
考点1
对关系词基本用法的考查
▲对关系代词的考查
①I
borrow
the
book
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,
_______
my
classmates
recommended
to
me..
A.
who
B.
which
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】
②Please
send
us
all
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he
information
_______
you
have
about
the
candidate
for
the
position.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
as
D.
what
【答案与解析】
③He
is
a
strict
but
k
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind-hearted
father,
one
_______
the
children
respect
but
are
afraid
of.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
for
whom
D.
whom
【答案与解析】
▲对关系副词的考查
①(2016高考英语天津卷)We
wil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
_______
the
weather
may
be
better.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
when
【答案与解析】
②Opposite
is
St
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).
Paul’s
Church,
_______
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
where
【答案与解析】
③As
the
smallest
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time
_______
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
whom
D.
when
【答案与解析】
④The
reason
he
gave
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
for
his
absence
was
made
up
by
his
elder
brother.
In
fact,
the
reason
_______
he
was
absent
is
_______
he
went
to
the
zoo.
A.
which;
because
B.
why;
that
C.
for
which;
because
D.
that;
for
which
【答案与解析】
考点2
对特殊定语从句的考查
▲对as引导的定语从句的考查
①_______
is
recorded
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
the
history
book,
Diaoyu
Island
has
belonged
to
China
since
ancient
times.
A.
As
B.
That
C.
Which
D.
What
【答案与解析】
②The
book
is
writ
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ten
in
_______
easy
English
_______
beginners
can
understand.
A.
so;
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
such;
that
C.
so;
as
D.
such;
as
【答案与解析】
③The
number
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
smokers,
_______
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as
【答案与解析】
④It
is
such
a
good
pla
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce
_______
everybody
wants
to
go
and
visit
_______
it
is
well
known
all
over
the
world.
A.
that;
that
B.
as;
as
C.
as;
that
D.
that;
as
【答案与解析】
⑤Have
you
bought
the
same
book
_______
I
referred
to
yesterday
A.
that
B.
as
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析】
▲对介词跟关系代词搭配及其变式的考查
1.对选用什么介词的考查
如何判断用什么介词的方法：方法一：根据定语
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配或是根据定语从句中某个名词与与先行词的搭配容而定(①②③)；方法二：根据先行词而定(④⑤)；方法三：根据所要表达的意思来确定所要用的介词(⑥⑦)。
①Wind
power
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an
ancient
source
of
energy
_______
we
may
return
in
the
near
future.
A.
on
which
B.
by
which
C.
to
which
D.
from
which
【答案与解析】
②For
many
cities
in
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
world,
there
is
no
room
to
spread
out
further,
_______
New
York
is
an
example.
A.
for
which
B.
in
which
C.
of
which
D.
from
which
【答案与解析】
③In
June
2000
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
Hanks
was
offered
a
scholarship
to
study
in
New
York
City
_______
he
could
have
supported
his
family,
but
he
refused
it.
A.
by
which
B.
through
which
C.
with
which
D.
in
which
【答案与解析】
④Many
people
who
had
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een
the
film
were
afraid
to
go
to
the
forest
when
they
remembered
the
scenes
_______
people
were
eaten
by
the
tiger.
A.
that
B.
by
which
C.
which
D.
in
which
【答案与解析】
⑤Human
facial
exp
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ressions
differ
from
those
of
animals
in
the
degree
_______
they
can
be
controlled
on
purpose.
A.
with
which
B.
to
which
C.
of
which
D.
for
which
【答案与解析】
⑥Mark
was
a
student
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
at
this
university
from
1999
to
2003,
_______
he
studied
very
hard
and
was
made
chairman
of
the
Students’
Union.
A.
during
which
time
B.
for
which
time
C.
during
whose
time
D.
by
that
time
【答案与解析】
⑦He
may
win
the
compet
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ition,
_______
he
is
likely
to
get
into
the
national
team.
A.
in
which
case
B.
in
that
case
C.
in
what
case
D.
in
whose
case
【答案与解析】
2.对选用什么关系代词的考查
①(2016高考英语江苏卷)Many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )young
people,
most
_______
were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
A.
of
which
B.
of
them
C.
of
whom
D.
of
those
【答案与解析】
②(2016高考英语浙江卷)S
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cientists
have
advanced
many
theories
about
why
human
beings
cry
tears
,
none
of
_______
has
been
proved.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
【答案与解析】
③He
wrote
many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
children’
s
books,
nearly
half
of
_______
were
published
in
the
1990s.
A.
whom
B.
which
C.
them
D.
that
【答案与解析】
④English
is
a
languag
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,
_______
uses
it
differently.
A.
all
of
which
B.
each
of
which
C.
all
of
them
D.
each
of
them
【答案与解析】
⑤In
our
class
there
are
60
students,
of
_______
two
thirds
are
boys.
A.
which
B.
them
C.
whom
D.
who
【答案与解析】
▲对whose引导的定语从句的考查
①(2016高考英语北京卷)I
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
live
next
door
to
a
couple
_______
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
A.
whose
B.
why
C.
where
D.
which
【答案与解析】
②The
books
on
the
desk,
_______
covers
are
shiny,
are
prizes
for
us.
A.
which
B.
what
C.
whose
D.
that
【答案与解析】
③A
company
_______
profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
who
D.
why
【答案与解析】
④The
famous
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cientist,
_______
a
dinner
party
will
be
held
tonight,
is
to
arrive
soon.
A.
in
his
honor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B.
in
whose
honor
C.
in
which
honor
D.
in
honor
of
him
【答案与解析】
⑤Nowadays
almos
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
everyone
prefers
to
use
a
smart
mobile
phone
_______
functions
are
more
practical.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
whose
【答案与解析】
▲对分隔式定语从句的考查
①We’ll
reach
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sales
targets
in
a
month
_______
we
set
at
the
beginning
of
the
year.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
when
D.
what
【答案与解析】
②The
village
has
devel
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oped
a
lot
_______
we
learned
farming
two
years
ago.
A.
when
B.
which
C.
that
D.
where
【答案与解析】
考点3
对相对特殊的先行词选用何种关系词的考查
①Parents
shou
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld
pay
attention
to
the
cases
_______
their
children
have
difficulty
adapting
to
new
surroundings.
A.
where
B.
as
C.
why
D.
when
【答案与解析】
②A
housing
bubble
is
an
economic
situation
_______
occurs
when
house
prices
rise
much
too
fast.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
why
【答案与解析】
③The
boss
of
the
co
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mpany
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere
_______
his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
A.
where
B.
which
C.
when
D.
who
【答案与解析】
④I
don’t
beco
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me
a
serious
climber
until
the
fifth
grade,
_______
I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree.
A.
when
B.
where
C.
which
D.
why
【答案与解析】
⑤The
book
has
helped
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me
greatly
in
my
daily
communication,
especially
at
work
_______
a
good
impression
is
a
must.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
as
D.
where
【答案与解析】
⑥We
have
reached
a
stage
_______
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.
A.
where
B.
why
C.
which
D.
that
【答案与解析】
⑦There
is
such
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
occasion
_______
we
know
lots
of
words,
but
we
can’t
choose
a
suitable
one
to
express
ourselves.
A.
where
B.
when
C.
which
D.
what
【答案与解析
⑧We
all
like
the
way
_______
our
maths
teacher
gives
his
lessons.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
how
【答案与解析】
考点4
对定语从句甄别的考查
①The
doctor
advised
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Mary
strongly
that
she
should
take
a
holiday,
but
_______
didn’t
help.
A.
which
B.
she
C.
it
D.
he
【答案与解析】

②It
is
in
the
ver
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
village,
_______
Mary
was
born
35
years
ago,
_______
she
will
build
her
first
school,
_______
inspires
everyone
to
help
her.
A.
where;
that;
which
B.
that;
that;
that
C.
that;
when;
which
D.
where;
when;
that
【答案与解析】
③Is
this
the
reas
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on
_______
at
the
meeting
for
his
carelessness
in
his
work
A.
he
explained
B.
what
he
explained
C.
how
he
explained
D.
why
he
explained
【答案与解析】