Unit 4 History and traditions一轮复习单元导学案(含答案）-2026届高三英语人教版（2019）必修第二册
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| 名称 | Unit 4 History and traditions一轮复习单元导学案(含答案）-2026届高三英语人教版（2019）必修第二册 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-06 02:21:10 | ||
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必修第二册 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
【词句积累】
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.mansion n. 公馆;宅第
2.cemetery n. 墓地;公墓
3.descendant n. 后裔;后代;子孙
4.heel n. 足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟
5.currency n. 通货;货币
6.military adj. 军事的;军用的
7.ancestor n. 祖宗;祖先
8.courtyard n. 庭院;院子
9.county n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县
10.feast n. 盛宴;宴会;节日
11.scent n. 气味;气息
12.pub n. 酒吧;酒馆
13.stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
vt.& vi. 炖;煨
14.sensory adj. 感觉的;感官的
15.transition n. 过渡;转变;变迁
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.Confucius Institutes 孔子学院
2.philosophy class 哲学课程
3.individual study time 单独学习时间
4.Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
5.the chief violinist 首席小提琴手
6.in a nearby province 在一个邻省
7.conquer the fear 战胜恐惧
8.a serious battle 一场激烈的战斗
9.a major port 一个重要的港口城市
10.lunch charge 午餐费用
11.small amounts of gold 少量的黄金
12.art gallery 艺术画廊
13.take a simple approach 采取简单的方法
14.the magnificent landscape 壮丽的风景
15.bread and butter 面包和黄油
16.as sweet as honey 像蜜一样甜
17.apply for the position 申请这一职位
18.a popular snack 一种受欢迎的小吃
19.rolling schedule 滚动时间表
20.ocean waves 海浪
21.an angry roar 一声怒吼
22.the black dot 小黑点
23.a herd of cattle 一群牛
24.two bowls of wine 两碗酒
25.a bottle of beer 一瓶啤酒
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.puzzle n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问
vt. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
puzzled adj. 困惑的;迷惑不解的
2.belong vi. 应在(某处);适应
belonging n.[U] 归属(感);[pl.]动产,财物
3.defence n. 防御;保卫
defend v. 防御;保卫
defensive adj. 防御的;保护的
4.legal adj. 法律的;合法的
illegal adj. 不合法的
legally adv. 法律上地
5.surround vt. 围绕;包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
surroundings n. 环境
6.evidence n. 证据;证明
evident adj. 明显的
7.achievement n. 成就;成绩;达到
achieve vt. 达到;实现
8.location n. 地方;地点;位置
locate vt. 确定……的准确地点;找出……的位置
located adj. 坐落于;位于
9.fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
fascinate v. 使……入迷,迷住
fascinated adj. 着迷的
10.announce vt. 宣布;通知;声称
announcer n. 广播员;解说员
announcement n. 宣布;通知
11.ensure vt. 保证;确保;担保
sure adj. 肯定的,必定的,必然的,确信的
12.generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的
generosity n. 慷慨;大方
13.eager adj. 热切的;渴望的
eagerly adv. 热心地;急切地
eagerness n. 热切;渴望
14.poet n. 诗人
poem n. 诗歌
poetry n. 诗歌(总称)
15.greet vt. 问候;迎接
greeting n. 问候;致意
16.custom n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
customer n. 顾客
customs n. 海关
17.striking adj. 引人注目的;显著的
strike vt. 撞击,碰;打击 vi.打动;攻击 n.罢工
18.crowd n. 人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤
crowded adj. 拥挤的
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.join...to... 把……和……连接或联结起来
2.keep your eyes open (for) 留心;留意
3.result in 导致
4.have a great influence on 对……有很大的影响
5.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
6.belong to 属于
7.date back to 追溯至
8.in ruins 成为废墟
9.as well as 同(一样也);和;还
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.So what is the difference between them,if any (if的省略结构)
那么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在
2.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. (动词-ing形式短语做主语)
稍微了解一下英国历史,就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。
3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system. (have sth done)
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。
4.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with复合结构)
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
5.And down by the sea,the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. (环境描写)
海边波浪咆哮,海鸟鸣叫,奏响了海岸交响乐。
构词法日积月累
常见的动词词缀——前缀en-,后缀-en,-ize/-ise,-ify
en-使处于……状态 -en使,使成为,变得 -ize/-ise使……化 -ify使……化
本单元 ensure vt.保证;确保;担保 - - -
拓展 enlarge vt.& vi.扩大 broaden vi.& vt.(使)变宽,变阔 modernize vi.& vt.(使)现代化 unify vi.& vt.统一,(使)成一体
endanger vt.使遭受危险;危害 blacken vi.& vt.(使)变黑 realize vt.实现 purify vt.提纯;使洁净
encourage vt.鼓励;激励 sadden vt.使悲伤 civilize vt.教化;使文明 classify vt.将……分类
【考点突破】
一、热考词汇
1.puzzle vt.迷惑;使困惑 n.谜;智力游戏;疑问(puzzled adj.困惑的;迷惑不解的
puzzling adj.令人迷惑的)
【佳句背诵】
While doing extensive reading,you don’t have to puzzle over every single word or phrase in the passage.
在进行泛读时,不用仔细琢磨文中的每个单词或短语。
puzzle about/over 冥思苦想;苦苦思索
puzzle sth out 琢磨出……的答案
a puzzle to sb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
【以练促学】
语段训练/单句写作
①The mathematics problems were a puzzle her.However,with great effort,she managed to puzzle the correct answers.The satisfaction made her forget all the hours she had been puzzled them.
②Sara and her friends ,trying to figure out
where to go next.萨拉和朋友苦苦思索这些线索,试图找出下一步该往哪里走。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③ is why she always has so many crazy ideas. (心理描写;2021·天津卷3月)
令莉莉的朋友困惑的是,为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
[点津] puzzled修饰人或人的表情等;puzzling修饰事物。
2.break away (from sb/sth)突然离开;脱离;背叛;逃脱
【佳句背诵】
She decided to break away from her traditional style and try something new in her art.
她决定打破传统的风格,在艺术创作中尝试一些新的东西。
break up 打碎;分裂,解体;结束;(关系等)破裂;散去
break down 垮掉;出故障;失败;分解
break into 破门而入;突然……起来
break in 破门而入;打断;插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发;发生
break through 取得突破;克服
【以练促学】
语段训练/单句写作
①During the camp,excitement filled the air.Lily suddenly songs and everyone joined in.But the next morning,chaos when a sudden thunderstorm hit,turning the campsite into a muddy mess.
②While everyone was arguing,John that surprised everyone.
当大家都在争论时,约翰突然插话提出了一个让所有人都惊讶的解决方案。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③My father carefully cut the pumpkin open,so I finally had my head .(2021·浙江1月卷)
我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开,我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
3.as well as同(一样也);和;还
【佳句背诵】
The weather is so bad,with heavy rain pouring and strong wind blowing,that we might as well stay at home. (环境描写)
as well as“既……又……”,可连接两个平行结构。
as well as连接主语时,谓语动词与as well as之前的主语一致。
as well“也;又;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。
may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事
天气太糟了,外面狂风不停,暴雨如注,我们还是待在家里为好。
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Your wife as well as you (be) friendly and generous,for which I am very grateful.
②Tears welled up in her eyes,and her heart .(情绪描写)
她的眼中涌出了泪水,她的心似乎也被撕裂了。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou the construction Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. (地点介绍;2021·天津卷)
我相信游客们会被九寨沟的美丽风景和都江堰灌溉工程震撼到的。
4.surround vt.包围;围绕(surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 surroundings n.环境)
【佳句背诵】
In the competition,all the teams were playing at their best in high spirits,surrounded with all the rest students,who were watching excitedly.(场景描写)在比赛中,所有的队伍都兴高采烈地发挥着自己的最佳水平,周围都是兴奋地观看比赛的其他学生。
surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded by/with 被……包围
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Surrounding yourself people who will provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on (求助信)
您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗
【教考衔接】
单句语法填空/单句写作
③And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears. (全国Ⅲ卷)
④I’m writing to tell you about the art class we had in the park last Friday.It was a wonderful experience.I painted a serene lake ,with a few ducks swimming peacefully. (活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我写信是想告诉你我们上周五在公园上的美术课。这是一次美妙的经历。我画了一个被树木环绕的宁静湖泊,有几只鸭子在平静地游动。
片段巩固 用puzzle;break away from;as well as;surround完成人物描写的片段
续写训练之情节线:每周六,艾米都喜欢解报纸上的新谜题→发现一个让她比以往困惑的谜题→谜题似乎围绕着她→无法摆脱它→她和父母共同破解了这个谜题
5.charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电;(向……)冲
【佳句背诵】
The fierce wolf,opening its bloody mouth,sprang to its feet and charged at me as if to eat me up. (动作描写)
恶狼张开血淋淋的嘴巴,跳起来扑向我,好像要把我吃掉似的。
charge sb with (doing) sth=accuse sb of (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge sb money for sth 因某事/物收某人钱
charge at 向……发起冲锋,扑向
free of charge=for free 免费
in charge of 掌管(表状态)
take charge of 掌管(表动作)
in the charge of 被……掌管;由……负责
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The generous owner charging me nothing the noodles,I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up in my heart.
②The museum entry is free charge every first Sunday of the month,so it’s a great opportunity for families to explore new exhibits.
③丽莎负责组织活动。
→Lisa organizing the activities.
→Lisa organizing the activities.
→Organizing the activities Lisa.
【教考衔接】
单句写作
④I’m Li Hua, titled Talk and Talk launched in the broadcasting station of our school. (人物介绍;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我是李华,负责我校广播电台推出的英语专栏“Talk and Talk”。
6.amount n.金额;数量 vi.总计,共计;相当于,等于
【佳句背诵】
Tears streamed down his face when he realized the amount of pain and agony she had gone through. (情绪描写)
当他意识到她所经历的痛苦和折磨时,眼泪顺着他的脸流了下来。
the amount of... ……的数量
a large/small amount of+n.[U]+v.(单数)
large/small amounts of+n.[U]+v.(复数)
amount to共计,总计;等于,相当于
【以练促学】
单句语法填空
①A large amount of money (spend) on the construction of the school last year.
→Large amounts of money (spent) on the construction of the school last year.
【教考衔接】
单句写作
② 300 dollars, which could help support my family. (人物描写;2021·浙江6月卷)
暑假期间我总共挣了300美元,这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
7.approach n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近
【佳句背诵】
There was a little bird,flapping her wings and approaching me. (动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
有一只小鸟,拍打着她的翅膀向我靠近。
an approach to (doing) sth (做某事的)方法/途径
at the approach of... 在快到……的时候
with...approaching 在……快到的时候
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Our teacher employed a new approach to (solve) problems that made them easier to understand.
②With the Spring Festival (approach),we could hardly contain our excitement.
③ , we could hardly contain our excitement. (用介词短语改写②)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③ ,I spotted him leaning against his car,a warm smile on his face. (动作+神情描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
当我走近时,我看到他靠在车上,脸上带着温暖的微笑。
8.eager adj.热切的;渴望的(eagerly adv.热心地;急切地 eagerness n.热切;渴望)
【佳句背诵】
Everyone is eager for success,but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering.
(主旨升华)每个人都渴望成功,但成功只属于那些意志坚定、坚持不懈的人。
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
with eagerness=eagerly 热切地;急切地
hide one’s eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①He (eager) wanted to give a special present to Grandma,but he was short of money.
②When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday, .(心理描写)
当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候,他无法掩饰他的渴望。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Coach Pit stared at her,smiling,and gave her a big thumbs-up.Half excited,half doubtful,Eva came up to him and why he praised her. (动作+神情描写;2024·浙江1月卷)
皮特教练盯着她,微笑着,对她竖起大拇指。一半兴奋,一半怀疑,伊娃走到他跟前,急切地想知道他夸奖她的原因。
片段巩固 用charge;amount;approach;eager完成筹备慈善活动的片段
续写训练之情节线:汤姆负责组织慈善活动→随着活动日的临近,汤姆越来越兴奋→他渴望成功→记录集资的金额,确保每人都知道不同活动的费用→努力确保一切都完美无缺
二、一词多义
1.crowd /kra d/ n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;(想法或观点)涌入(头脑)(生义);使……拥挤
vi.聚集;涌向
①The crowd celebrated the national holiday with a parade.
②They struggled to push through the crowd.
③Hundreds of people crowded into the nearby church for the wedding.
④On hearing what he said,a lot of confused thoughts crowded my brain.
2.position /p z n/ n.位置;姿态;职位;处境(生义) vt.安装;安置
①I’m not sure what I would do if I were in your position.
②Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
③The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.(2023·全国乙卷)
④My arms were aching so I shifted my position slightly.
3.generous / d en r s/ adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的(生义)
During the trip,Mr.Smith was very generous① with his time,helping students understand the historical sites.He also brought a generous② amount of snacks for everyone to enjoy.
4.roll /r l/ vi.& vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动 n.卷(轴)(生义);翻滚
During gym class,Mark loved to roll① on the mats.He would roll② back and forth,enjoying the movement.One day,he found an old roll③ of paper in the corner of the gym.Curious,he unrolled it and discovered an ancient map.
5.dot /d t/ n.点;小(圆)点 vt.加点;遍布(生义)
Sarah loved to draw pictures.She would often dot① her artwork with tiny,colorful dots②.One day,she went on a hike and saw the hillside dotted③ with wildflowers.The small dots of color made the landscape look like one of her drawings,inspiring her to create more art.
6.custom / k st m/ n.风俗;习俗;习惯(生义)
Every year,John’s family had a custom① to celebrate Thanksgiving.John’s favourite part was eating the delicious turkey and pumpkin pie.Besides this,he had a personal custom② of writing a thank-you note to each family member,which everyone appreciated.
三、写作迁移
1.句型公式:if的省略结构
课本原句:So what is the difference between them,if any
那么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在
【佳句背诵】
If not,please let me know in advance so that I can make adjustment accordingly. (邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
如果不可以,请提前通知我,以便我做出相应的调整。
if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句,相当于if (there is/are) any...。
if not 如果不是这样的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if ever 如果曾有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
【以练促学】
同义句转换/单句写作
If it is necessary,our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→ ,our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
②There may be some mistakes in my composition. (如果有的话),please help me point them out. (求助信)
③ (如果有可能的话),try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. (建议信)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
④Are you afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at you ,I think it’s not necessary to have other people prevent you from doing what you want to do. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你害怕其他学校的孩子会嘲笑你吗 如果是这样,我认为没有必要让别人阻止你去做你想做的事情。
2.句型公式:with复合结构
课本原句:The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【佳句背诵】
The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold. (人物描写)
那个孩子只穿着一件衬衫,冻得直发抖。
with+宾语+宾补
【以练促学】
单句写作/同义句转换
① , I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night. (心理描写)
要做的工作太多了,我焦虑不安,晚上睡不好觉。
②All the preparations had been made,he jumped with joy,his eyes glittering with excitement.
→ , he jumped with joy,his eyes glittering with excitement. (with复合结构)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③During the class,I painted a landscape featuring the towering green trees and the clear blue sky, .(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
课上,我画了一幅风景画——高耸的绿树和清澈的蓝天,还有一群鸭子在湖中游泳。
[点津] 当with后的宾语和作宾补的动词之间是主谓关系时,常用动词-ing形式;若为动宾关系,常用动词-ed形式;若表示将来发生的动作,常用不定式表示。
【能力突破练】
维度一 单元知识运用
1.The coach as well as his players (be) praised for their exceptional teamwork.
2.The village (surround) by mountains offers breathtaking views.
3.Customers (charge) for delivery when ordering online.
4.Large amounts of water (be) needed to put out the fire.
5.As the deadline (approach),the students worked hard to complete their projects.
6.They were eager (see) the new exhibition at the museum.
7.With thunder (roll) in the distance,they hurried home.
8.After an hour of thinking,she finally puzzled the complex math problem.
9.The young artist is breaking away conventional styles to create unique art.
10.If no one volunteers,the event will be cancelled;if ,we’ll try again next year.
维度二 单元知识拾遗
1.The research team in the field of renewable energy.
研究团队在可再生能源领域取得了巨大成就。
2. that the sports was postponed due to the rain.
据宣布,运动会由于雨天被推迟。
3.The backpack was found near the river, providing a crucial clue in the ongoing search.
在河边找到了属于失踪登山者的背包,这为正在进行的搜救提供了关键线索。
4. ,eagerly displaying their innovative projects.
一群学生聚集在科学展览会上,热切地展示他们的创新项目。
5. wildflowers and small ponds,creating a picturesque setting for visitors.
野花和小池塘点缀着公园,为游客创造了如画的环境。
6.She found a way to in journalism.
她找到了一种将她对摄影的兴趣与新闻事业结合的方式。
7.The teacher reminded the students to any rare bird species that might be sighted in the forest.
老师提醒学生们留心可能在森林中看到的任何稀有鸟类。
维度三 单元话题写作(短文投稿——介绍景点)
假设你是李华,市留学信息网站新增了名为《最美中华》的栏目,请你给该栏目投稿,介绍一个国内你喜欢的或去过的地方,内容包括:
1.该地情况;2.该地特色;3.你的感受。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.说到我最喜欢的地方,应该优先考虑我的家乡! (When it comes to;priority)
2.我的家乡位于中国西部,虽然面积不大、人口不多,但它确实有其引人注目的吸引力。 (过去分词短语作状语;striking)
3.它风光宁静秀美,环境令人叹为观止,可爱的乡村点缀其间,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
(landscape;feast;surroundings;dotted with;with复合结构)
4.绿树成荫、连绵起伏的山脉以及潺潺的溪流都让游客着迷。(分词作宾补;rolling;as well as;fascinated)
5.家乡景色如此美丽,我的家乡在我心中总是占有特殊的位置一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。 (it is not surprising that)
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单 词 nearby adj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近 surround v.包围 kingdom n.王国;领域 chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长 puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑 stream n.小溪 atmosphere n.氛围
词 块 join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来 break away(from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱 belong to属于 as well as同(一样也);和;还 green fields 郁郁葱葱的田野 towering trees 高耸的树木 a beautiful scene 美丽景色 narrow,winding paths狭窄蜿蜒的小径 be lined with blooming flowers两旁满是盛开的花朵 lead to通向 cozy cottages温馨小屋
靓 句 1.Surrounded by green fields as well as towering trees,the village offers a beautiful scene. 这个村庄被郁郁葱葱的田野以及高耸的树木环绕,呈现出一幅美丽的景象。 2.The narrow,winding paths,lined with blooming flowers,lead to cozy cottages made of stone and wood. 狭窄蜿蜒的小径两旁满是盛开的花朵,通向由石头和木头建成的温馨小屋。 3.The nearby stream,with its gentle flow,adds a melody to the village’s atmosphere. 附近小溪的轻柔流水为村庄的氛围增添了旋律。 4.Here,every breath feels purer,and the colors of nature are more vivid. 在这里,每一次呼吸都感觉更纯净,大自然的色彩也更加生动。
2.场景片段训练(环境描写:宁静中的魅力乡村)
① (被郁郁葱葱的田野以及高耸的树木环绕),the village offers a beautiful scene.② (狭窄蜿蜒的小径),lined with blooming flowers,lead to cozy cottages made of stone and wood.③ (附近的小溪),with its gentle flow,adds a melody to the village’s atmosphere.Here,every breath feels purer,and ④ (大自然的色彩更加生动).This village,with its simple charm and warm-hearted people,has a special place in my heart.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
(2023·全国乙卷阅读D)
If you want to tell the history of the whole world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not.Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can’t.The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict,at Botany Bay,between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals.From the English side,we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day.From the Australian side,we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day,the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides,there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted,especially when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these,all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted,only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation,we have to read not just the texts,but the objects.
32.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.How past events should be presented.
B.What humanity is concerned about.
C.Whether facts speak louder than words.
D.Why written language is reliable.
33.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2
A.His report was scientific.
B.He represented the local people.
C.He ruled over Botany Bay.
D.His record was one-sided.
34.What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Problem. B.History.
C.Voice. D.Society.
35.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from
A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World
B.A Short History of Australia
C.A History of the World in 100 Objects
D.How Art Works Tell Stories
思维建模
细节推断——推断隐含意思
四步推断出答案
一找:根据题干关键词定位原文
二理:理解字面意义
三推:做出推断
四比:比较各选项;得出正确答案
以例示法(如33题)
一找:根据题干关键词Captain Cook可定位原文第二段;
二理:作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物,但是很多情况下,我们做不到这一点。
三推:通过举例说明可推断出库克船长的记录是片面的。
四比:比较各选项,D项符合要求。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:privilege v.给予特权;humanity n.人类;Para.2:object n.实物,物品;question v.对……提出质疑;Para.3:account n.叙述,描述; necessarily adv.必然地,必定 Para.2:bring together汇集;Para.3:twisted victories曲解的胜利;past achievements过去的成就; give them back a voice还给他们发声的机会; read not just the texts不仅仅阅读文本
析 长 难 语 句 Para.3:The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice. [句式分析] whom引导非限制性定语从句,修饰The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas;定语从句they made修饰先行词objects;过去分词短语told through things作后置定语修饰history。 [尝试翻译] [语言赏析] 该句通过多层次的逻辑结构和丰富的修辞手法,成功地传达了物品在历史叙述中的重要作用,以及对被边缘化群体赋予发声权利的意义。作者通过列举不同文化群体,展示了物品在跨文化历史记录中的普遍性和重要性。复杂的句子结构和多样的修辞手法使得句子内容丰富且表达有力,同时保持了语言的流畅性和连贯性。
参考答案
【考点突破】
No.1 热考词汇
1.①to;out;about ②puzzled over the clues ③What puzzles Lily’s friends
2.①broke into;broke out ②broke in with a solution
③break away from it
3.①is ②seemed to be torn as well ③as well as
4.①with ②how to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings
③surrounding ④surrounded by/with trees
片段巩固
Every Saturday,Amy enjoys solving a new puzzle in the newspaper.One day,she found a puzzle that puzzled her more than usual.The challenging puzzle seemed to surround her.She couldn’t break away from it.Eventually,she as well as her parents worked it out.
5.①for ②of ③was in charge of;takes charge of;was in the charge of ④in charge of the English column
6.①was spent;were spent ②The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to
7.①solving ②approaching ③At the approach of the Spring Festival ④As I approached
8.①eagerly ②the boy couldn’t hide his eagerness
③was eager to know the reason
片段巩固
Tom was in charge of organizing the school’s charity events.As the event day approached,Tom’s excitement grew.He was eager to make every event a success.He had to keep track of the amount of money collected and ensure that everyone was aware of the charges for different activities.He worked hard to make sure everything was perfect.
No.2 一词多义/熟词生义
1.①n.民众 ②n.人群 ③vi.聚集;涌向 ④vt.(想法或观点)涌入(头脑)
2.①n.处境 ②n.职位 ③n.位置 ④n.姿态
3.①adj.慷慨的;大方的 ②adj.丰富的
4.①vi.翻滚 ②vi.滚动 ③n.卷
5.①vt.加点 ②n.点;小(圆)点 ③vt.遍布
6.①n.风俗;习俗 ②n.习惯
No.3 写作迁移
1.①If necessary ②If any ③If possible ④If so
2.①With too much work to do ②With all the preparations made ③with a group of ducks swimming in the lake
【能力突破练】
维度一 1.was 2.surrounded 3.are charged 4.were
5.was approaching 6.to see 7.rolling 8.out 9.from
10.so
维度二 1.made great achievements 2.It was announced
3.belonging to the missing hiker 4.A crowd of students gathered at the science fair 5.The park is dotted with
6.join her interest in photography to her career
7.keep their eyes open for
维度三 第一步
1.When it comes to the place I like most,my hometown should be given priority!
2.Located in the west part of China,my hometown is not very large in size and population,but it does have its own striking attraction.
3.Its peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes,with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages.
4.The green trees,rolling mountains,as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.
5.With all this beauty,it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart.
第二步
My Favourite Place
When it comes to the place I like most,my hometown should be given priority!
Located in the west part of China,my hometown is not very large in size and population,but it does have its own striking attraction.Its peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes,with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages.The green trees,rolling mountains,as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.
With all this beauty,it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart.
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
2.①Surrounded by green fields as well as towering trees
②The narrow,winding paths ③The nearby stream
④the colors of nature are more vivid
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要说明了对于历史事件的考证不能仅凭文字记录,要注重文字记录和实物相互印证,以帮助我们重现真实的历史。
32.A [段落大意题。根据文章首段可知,如果你想讲述一段不偏袒人类历史上任何一方的世界历史,你就不能仅依靠文字。文字是人类的后期成果之一,直到最近甚至许多有文字的社会不仅用文字,还用实物来记载他们的重要事情。所以此段是说过去的历史事件应结合文字和实物来呈现,不能仅靠文字,故选A项。]
33.D [推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及该段最后一句可知,作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物,但是很多情况下,我们做不到这一点。下文通过举例说明库克船长的记录是片面的,故选D项。]
34.B [词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“a history told through things gives them back a voice”和“all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted...but the objects”可知,conversation指的是历史,故选B项。]
35.C [文章出处题。通读全文可知,本文主要强调了历史实物考证的重要性,C项“《一百件文物中的世界史》”符合对历史实物的关注,故选C项。]
析长难语句
加勒比地区的泰诺人、澳大利亚土著、非洲贝宁人和印加人,所有这些在本书中出现的人们,现在都可以通过他们制作的物品向我们铿锵有力地讲述他们过去的成就:通过实物讲述的历史让他们重获发声的机会。
【词句积累】
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.mansion n. 公馆;宅第
2.cemetery n. 墓地;公墓
3.descendant n. 后裔;后代;子孙
4.heel n. 足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟
5.currency n. 通货;货币
6.military adj. 军事的;军用的
7.ancestor n. 祖宗;祖先
8.courtyard n. 庭院;院子
9.county n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县
10.feast n. 盛宴;宴会;节日
11.scent n. 气味;气息
12.pub n. 酒吧;酒馆
13.stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
vt.& vi. 炖;煨
14.sensory adj. 感觉的;感官的
15.transition n. 过渡;转变;变迁
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.Confucius Institutes 孔子学院
2.philosophy class 哲学课程
3.individual study time 单独学习时间
4.Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
5.the chief violinist 首席小提琴手
6.in a nearby province 在一个邻省
7.conquer the fear 战胜恐惧
8.a serious battle 一场激烈的战斗
9.a major port 一个重要的港口城市
10.lunch charge 午餐费用
11.small amounts of gold 少量的黄金
12.art gallery 艺术画廊
13.take a simple approach 采取简单的方法
14.the magnificent landscape 壮丽的风景
15.bread and butter 面包和黄油
16.as sweet as honey 像蜜一样甜
17.apply for the position 申请这一职位
18.a popular snack 一种受欢迎的小吃
19.rolling schedule 滚动时间表
20.ocean waves 海浪
21.an angry roar 一声怒吼
22.the black dot 小黑点
23.a herd of cattle 一群牛
24.two bowls of wine 两碗酒
25.a bottle of beer 一瓶啤酒
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.puzzle n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问
vt. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
puzzled adj. 困惑的;迷惑不解的
2.belong vi. 应在(某处);适应
belonging n.[U] 归属(感);[pl.]动产,财物
3.defence n. 防御;保卫
defend v. 防御;保卫
defensive adj. 防御的;保护的
4.legal adj. 法律的;合法的
illegal adj. 不合法的
legally adv. 法律上地
5.surround vt. 围绕;包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
surroundings n. 环境
6.evidence n. 证据;证明
evident adj. 明显的
7.achievement n. 成就;成绩;达到
achieve vt. 达到;实现
8.location n. 地方;地点;位置
locate vt. 确定……的准确地点;找出……的位置
located adj. 坐落于;位于
9.fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
fascinate v. 使……入迷,迷住
fascinated adj. 着迷的
10.announce vt. 宣布;通知;声称
announcer n. 广播员;解说员
announcement n. 宣布;通知
11.ensure vt. 保证;确保;担保
sure adj. 肯定的,必定的,必然的,确信的
12.generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的
generosity n. 慷慨;大方
13.eager adj. 热切的;渴望的
eagerly adv. 热心地;急切地
eagerness n. 热切;渴望
14.poet n. 诗人
poem n. 诗歌
poetry n. 诗歌(总称)
15.greet vt. 问候;迎接
greeting n. 问候;致意
16.custom n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
customer n. 顾客
customs n. 海关
17.striking adj. 引人注目的;显著的
strike vt. 撞击,碰;打击 vi.打动;攻击 n.罢工
18.crowd n. 人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤
crowded adj. 拥挤的
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.join...to... 把……和……连接或联结起来
2.keep your eyes open (for) 留心;留意
3.result in 导致
4.have a great influence on 对……有很大的影响
5.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
6.belong to 属于
7.date back to 追溯至
8.in ruins 成为废墟
9.as well as 同(一样也);和;还
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.So what is the difference between them,if any (if的省略结构)
那么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在
2.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. (动词-ing形式短语做主语)
稍微了解一下英国历史,就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。
3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system. (have sth done)
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。
4.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with复合结构)
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
5.And down by the sea,the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. (环境描写)
海边波浪咆哮,海鸟鸣叫,奏响了海岸交响乐。
构词法日积月累
常见的动词词缀——前缀en-,后缀-en,-ize/-ise,-ify
en-使处于……状态 -en使,使成为,变得 -ize/-ise使……化 -ify使……化
本单元 ensure vt.保证;确保;担保 - - -
拓展 enlarge vt.& vi.扩大 broaden vi.& vt.(使)变宽,变阔 modernize vi.& vt.(使)现代化 unify vi.& vt.统一,(使)成一体
endanger vt.使遭受危险;危害 blacken vi.& vt.(使)变黑 realize vt.实现 purify vt.提纯;使洁净
encourage vt.鼓励;激励 sadden vt.使悲伤 civilize vt.教化;使文明 classify vt.将……分类
【考点突破】
一、热考词汇
1.puzzle vt.迷惑;使困惑 n.谜;智力游戏;疑问(puzzled adj.困惑的;迷惑不解的
puzzling adj.令人迷惑的)
【佳句背诵】
While doing extensive reading,you don’t have to puzzle over every single word or phrase in the passage.
在进行泛读时,不用仔细琢磨文中的每个单词或短语。
puzzle about/over 冥思苦想;苦苦思索
puzzle sth out 琢磨出……的答案
a puzzle to sb 一件让某人感到困惑的事情
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
【以练促学】
语段训练/单句写作
①The mathematics problems were a puzzle her.However,with great effort,she managed to puzzle the correct answers.The satisfaction made her forget all the hours she had been puzzled them.
②Sara and her friends ,trying to figure out
where to go next.萨拉和朋友苦苦思索这些线索,试图找出下一步该往哪里走。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③ is why she always has so many crazy ideas. (心理描写;2021·天津卷3月)
令莉莉的朋友困惑的是,为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
[点津] puzzled修饰人或人的表情等;puzzling修饰事物。
2.break away (from sb/sth)突然离开;脱离;背叛;逃脱
【佳句背诵】
She decided to break away from her traditional style and try something new in her art.
她决定打破传统的风格,在艺术创作中尝试一些新的东西。
break up 打碎;分裂,解体;结束;(关系等)破裂;散去
break down 垮掉;出故障;失败;分解
break into 破门而入;突然……起来
break in 破门而入;打断;插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发;发生
break through 取得突破;克服
【以练促学】
语段训练/单句写作
①During the camp,excitement filled the air.Lily suddenly songs and everyone joined in.But the next morning,chaos when a sudden thunderstorm hit,turning the campsite into a muddy mess.
②While everyone was arguing,John that surprised everyone.
当大家都在争论时,约翰突然插话提出了一个让所有人都惊讶的解决方案。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③My father carefully cut the pumpkin open,so I finally had my head .(2021·浙江1月卷)
我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开,我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
3.as well as同(一样也);和;还
【佳句背诵】
The weather is so bad,with heavy rain pouring and strong wind blowing,that we might as well stay at home. (环境描写)
as well as“既……又……”,可连接两个平行结构。
as well as连接主语时,谓语动词与as well as之前的主语一致。
as well“也;又;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。
may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事
天气太糟了,外面狂风不停,暴雨如注,我们还是待在家里为好。
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Your wife as well as you (be) friendly and generous,for which I am very grateful.
②Tears welled up in her eyes,and her heart .(情绪描写)
她的眼中涌出了泪水,她的心似乎也被撕裂了。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou the construction Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. (地点介绍;2021·天津卷)
我相信游客们会被九寨沟的美丽风景和都江堰灌溉工程震撼到的。
4.surround vt.包围;围绕(surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 surroundings n.环境)
【佳句背诵】
In the competition,all the teams were playing at their best in high spirits,surrounded with all the rest students,who were watching excitedly.(场景描写)在比赛中,所有的队伍都兴高采烈地发挥着自己的最佳水平,周围都是兴奋地观看比赛的其他学生。
surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded by/with 被……包围
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①Surrounding yourself people who will provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on (求助信)
您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗
【教考衔接】
单句语法填空/单句写作
③And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears. (全国Ⅲ卷)
④I’m writing to tell you about the art class we had in the park last Friday.It was a wonderful experience.I painted a serene lake ,with a few ducks swimming peacefully. (活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我写信是想告诉你我们上周五在公园上的美术课。这是一次美妙的经历。我画了一个被树木环绕的宁静湖泊,有几只鸭子在平静地游动。
片段巩固 用puzzle;break away from;as well as;surround完成人物描写的片段
续写训练之情节线:每周六,艾米都喜欢解报纸上的新谜题→发现一个让她比以往困惑的谜题→谜题似乎围绕着她→无法摆脱它→她和父母共同破解了这个谜题
5.charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电;(向……)冲
【佳句背诵】
The fierce wolf,opening its bloody mouth,sprang to its feet and charged at me as if to eat me up. (动作描写)
恶狼张开血淋淋的嘴巴,跳起来扑向我,好像要把我吃掉似的。
charge sb with (doing) sth=accuse sb of (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge sb money for sth 因某事/物收某人钱
charge at 向……发起冲锋,扑向
free of charge=for free 免费
in charge of 掌管(表状态)
take charge of 掌管(表动作)
in the charge of 被……掌管;由……负责
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The generous owner charging me nothing the noodles,I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up in my heart.
②The museum entry is free charge every first Sunday of the month,so it’s a great opportunity for families to explore new exhibits.
③丽莎负责组织活动。
→Lisa organizing the activities.
→Lisa organizing the activities.
→Organizing the activities Lisa.
【教考衔接】
单句写作
④I’m Li Hua, titled Talk and Talk launched in the broadcasting station of our school. (人物介绍;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我是李华,负责我校广播电台推出的英语专栏“Talk and Talk”。
6.amount n.金额;数量 vi.总计,共计;相当于,等于
【佳句背诵】
Tears streamed down his face when he realized the amount of pain and agony she had gone through. (情绪描写)
当他意识到她所经历的痛苦和折磨时,眼泪顺着他的脸流了下来。
the amount of... ……的数量
a large/small amount of+n.[U]+v.(单数)
large/small amounts of+n.[U]+v.(复数)
amount to共计,总计;等于,相当于
【以练促学】
单句语法填空
①A large amount of money (spend) on the construction of the school last year.
→Large amounts of money (spent) on the construction of the school last year.
【教考衔接】
单句写作
② 300 dollars, which could help support my family. (人物描写;2021·浙江6月卷)
暑假期间我总共挣了300美元,这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
7.approach n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近
【佳句背诵】
There was a little bird,flapping her wings and approaching me. (动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
有一只小鸟,拍打着她的翅膀向我靠近。
an approach to (doing) sth (做某事的)方法/途径
at the approach of... 在快到……的时候
with...approaching 在……快到的时候
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Our teacher employed a new approach to (solve) problems that made them easier to understand.
②With the Spring Festival (approach),we could hardly contain our excitement.
③ , we could hardly contain our excitement. (用介词短语改写②)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③ ,I spotted him leaning against his car,a warm smile on his face. (动作+神情描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
当我走近时,我看到他靠在车上,脸上带着温暖的微笑。
8.eager adj.热切的;渴望的(eagerly adv.热心地;急切地 eagerness n.热切;渴望)
【佳句背诵】
Everyone is eager for success,but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering.
(主旨升华)每个人都渴望成功,但成功只属于那些意志坚定、坚持不懈的人。
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
with eagerness=eagerly 热切地;急切地
hide one’s eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①He (eager) wanted to give a special present to Grandma,but he was short of money.
②When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday, .(心理描写)
当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候,他无法掩饰他的渴望。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Coach Pit stared at her,smiling,and gave her a big thumbs-up.Half excited,half doubtful,Eva came up to him and why he praised her. (动作+神情描写;2024·浙江1月卷)
皮特教练盯着她,微笑着,对她竖起大拇指。一半兴奋,一半怀疑,伊娃走到他跟前,急切地想知道他夸奖她的原因。
片段巩固 用charge;amount;approach;eager完成筹备慈善活动的片段
续写训练之情节线:汤姆负责组织慈善活动→随着活动日的临近,汤姆越来越兴奋→他渴望成功→记录集资的金额,确保每人都知道不同活动的费用→努力确保一切都完美无缺
二、一词多义
1.crowd /kra d/ n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;(想法或观点)涌入(头脑)(生义);使……拥挤
vi.聚集;涌向
①The crowd celebrated the national holiday with a parade.
②They struggled to push through the crowd.
③Hundreds of people crowded into the nearby church for the wedding.
④On hearing what he said,a lot of confused thoughts crowded my brain.
2.position /p z n/ n.位置;姿态;职位;处境(生义) vt.安装;安置
①I’m not sure what I would do if I were in your position.
②Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
③The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.(2023·全国乙卷)
④My arms were aching so I shifted my position slightly.
3.generous / d en r s/ adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的(生义)
During the trip,Mr.Smith was very generous① with his time,helping students understand the historical sites.He also brought a generous② amount of snacks for everyone to enjoy.
4.roll /r l/ vi.& vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动 n.卷(轴)(生义);翻滚
During gym class,Mark loved to roll① on the mats.He would roll② back and forth,enjoying the movement.One day,he found an old roll③ of paper in the corner of the gym.Curious,he unrolled it and discovered an ancient map.
5.dot /d t/ n.点;小(圆)点 vt.加点;遍布(生义)
Sarah loved to draw pictures.She would often dot① her artwork with tiny,colorful dots②.One day,she went on a hike and saw the hillside dotted③ with wildflowers.The small dots of color made the landscape look like one of her drawings,inspiring her to create more art.
6.custom / k st m/ n.风俗;习俗;习惯(生义)
Every year,John’s family had a custom① to celebrate Thanksgiving.John’s favourite part was eating the delicious turkey and pumpkin pie.Besides this,he had a personal custom② of writing a thank-you note to each family member,which everyone appreciated.
三、写作迁移
1.句型公式:if的省略结构
课本原句:So what is the difference between them,if any
那么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在
【佳句背诵】
If not,please let me know in advance so that I can make adjustment accordingly. (邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
如果不可以,请提前通知我,以便我做出相应的调整。
if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句,相当于if (there is/are) any...。
if not 如果不是这样的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if ever 如果曾有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
【以练促学】
同义句转换/单句写作
If it is necessary,our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→ ,our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
②There may be some mistakes in my composition. (如果有的话),please help me point them out. (求助信)
③ (如果有可能的话),try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. (建议信)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
④Are you afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at you ,I think it’s not necessary to have other people prevent you from doing what you want to do. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你害怕其他学校的孩子会嘲笑你吗 如果是这样,我认为没有必要让别人阻止你去做你想做的事情。
2.句型公式:with复合结构
课本原句:The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes,with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【佳句背诵】
The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold. (人物描写)
那个孩子只穿着一件衬衫,冻得直发抖。
with+宾语+宾补
【以练促学】
单句写作/同义句转换
① , I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night. (心理描写)
要做的工作太多了,我焦虑不安,晚上睡不好觉。
②All the preparations had been made,he jumped with joy,his eyes glittering with excitement.
→ , he jumped with joy,his eyes glittering with excitement. (with复合结构)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③During the class,I painted a landscape featuring the towering green trees and the clear blue sky, .(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
课上,我画了一幅风景画——高耸的绿树和清澈的蓝天,还有一群鸭子在湖中游泳。
[点津] 当with后的宾语和作宾补的动词之间是主谓关系时,常用动词-ing形式;若为动宾关系,常用动词-ed形式;若表示将来发生的动作,常用不定式表示。
【能力突破练】
维度一 单元知识运用
1.The coach as well as his players (be) praised for their exceptional teamwork.
2.The village (surround) by mountains offers breathtaking views.
3.Customers (charge) for delivery when ordering online.
4.Large amounts of water (be) needed to put out the fire.
5.As the deadline (approach),the students worked hard to complete their projects.
6.They were eager (see) the new exhibition at the museum.
7.With thunder (roll) in the distance,they hurried home.
8.After an hour of thinking,she finally puzzled the complex math problem.
9.The young artist is breaking away conventional styles to create unique art.
10.If no one volunteers,the event will be cancelled;if ,we’ll try again next year.
维度二 单元知识拾遗
1.The research team in the field of renewable energy.
研究团队在可再生能源领域取得了巨大成就。
2. that the sports was postponed due to the rain.
据宣布,运动会由于雨天被推迟。
3.The backpack was found near the river, providing a crucial clue in the ongoing search.
在河边找到了属于失踪登山者的背包,这为正在进行的搜救提供了关键线索。
4. ,eagerly displaying their innovative projects.
一群学生聚集在科学展览会上,热切地展示他们的创新项目。
5. wildflowers and small ponds,creating a picturesque setting for visitors.
野花和小池塘点缀着公园,为游客创造了如画的环境。
6.She found a way to in journalism.
她找到了一种将她对摄影的兴趣与新闻事业结合的方式。
7.The teacher reminded the students to any rare bird species that might be sighted in the forest.
老师提醒学生们留心可能在森林中看到的任何稀有鸟类。
维度三 单元话题写作(短文投稿——介绍景点)
假设你是李华,市留学信息网站新增了名为《最美中华》的栏目,请你给该栏目投稿,介绍一个国内你喜欢的或去过的地方,内容包括:
1.该地情况;2.该地特色;3.你的感受。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.说到我最喜欢的地方,应该优先考虑我的家乡! (When it comes to;priority)
2.我的家乡位于中国西部,虽然面积不大、人口不多,但它确实有其引人注目的吸引力。 (过去分词短语作状语;striking)
3.它风光宁静秀美,环境令人叹为观止,可爱的乡村点缀其间,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
(landscape;feast;surroundings;dotted with;with复合结构)
4.绿树成荫、连绵起伏的山脉以及潺潺的溪流都让游客着迷。(分词作宾补;rolling;as well as;fascinated)
5.家乡景色如此美丽,我的家乡在我心中总是占有特殊的位置一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。 (it is not surprising that)
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单 词 nearby adj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近 surround v.包围 kingdom n.王国;领域 chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长 puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑 stream n.小溪 atmosphere n.氛围
词 块 join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来 break away(from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱 belong to属于 as well as同(一样也);和;还 green fields 郁郁葱葱的田野 towering trees 高耸的树木 a beautiful scene 美丽景色 narrow,winding paths狭窄蜿蜒的小径 be lined with blooming flowers两旁满是盛开的花朵 lead to通向 cozy cottages温馨小屋
靓 句 1.Surrounded by green fields as well as towering trees,the village offers a beautiful scene. 这个村庄被郁郁葱葱的田野以及高耸的树木环绕,呈现出一幅美丽的景象。 2.The narrow,winding paths,lined with blooming flowers,lead to cozy cottages made of stone and wood. 狭窄蜿蜒的小径两旁满是盛开的花朵,通向由石头和木头建成的温馨小屋。 3.The nearby stream,with its gentle flow,adds a melody to the village’s atmosphere. 附近小溪的轻柔流水为村庄的氛围增添了旋律。 4.Here,every breath feels purer,and the colors of nature are more vivid. 在这里,每一次呼吸都感觉更纯净,大自然的色彩也更加生动。
2.场景片段训练(环境描写:宁静中的魅力乡村)
① (被郁郁葱葱的田野以及高耸的树木环绕),the village offers a beautiful scene.② (狭窄蜿蜒的小径),lined with blooming flowers,lead to cozy cottages made of stone and wood.③ (附近的小溪),with its gentle flow,adds a melody to the village’s atmosphere.Here,every breath feels purer,and ④ (大自然的色彩更加生动).This village,with its simple charm and warm-hearted people,has a special place in my heart.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
(2023·全国乙卷阅读D)
If you want to tell the history of the whole world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not.Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can’t.The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict,at Botany Bay,between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals.From the English side,we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day.From the Australian side,we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day,the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides,there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted,especially when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these,all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted,only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation,we have to read not just the texts,but the objects.
32.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.How past events should be presented.
B.What humanity is concerned about.
C.Whether facts speak louder than words.
D.Why written language is reliable.
33.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2
A.His report was scientific.
B.He represented the local people.
C.He ruled over Botany Bay.
D.His record was one-sided.
34.What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Problem. B.History.
C.Voice. D.Society.
35.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from
A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World
B.A Short History of Australia
C.A History of the World in 100 Objects
D.How Art Works Tell Stories
思维建模
细节推断——推断隐含意思
四步推断出答案
一找:根据题干关键词定位原文
二理:理解字面意义
三推:做出推断
四比:比较各选项;得出正确答案
以例示法(如33题)
一找:根据题干关键词Captain Cook可定位原文第二段;
二理:作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物,但是很多情况下,我们做不到这一点。
三推:通过举例说明可推断出库克船长的记录是片面的。
四比:比较各选项,D项符合要求。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:privilege v.给予特权;humanity n.人类;Para.2:object n.实物,物品;question v.对……提出质疑;Para.3:account n.叙述,描述; necessarily adv.必然地,必定 Para.2:bring together汇集;Para.3:twisted victories曲解的胜利;past achievements过去的成就; give them back a voice还给他们发声的机会; read not just the texts不仅仅阅读文本
析 长 难 语 句 Para.3:The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice. [句式分析] whom引导非限制性定语从句,修饰The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Benin and the Incas;定语从句they made修饰先行词objects;过去分词短语told through things作后置定语修饰history。 [尝试翻译] [语言赏析] 该句通过多层次的逻辑结构和丰富的修辞手法,成功地传达了物品在历史叙述中的重要作用,以及对被边缘化群体赋予发声权利的意义。作者通过列举不同文化群体,展示了物品在跨文化历史记录中的普遍性和重要性。复杂的句子结构和多样的修辞手法使得句子内容丰富且表达有力,同时保持了语言的流畅性和连贯性。
参考答案
【考点突破】
No.1 热考词汇
1.①to;out;about ②puzzled over the clues ③What puzzles Lily’s friends
2.①broke into;broke out ②broke in with a solution
③break away from it
3.①is ②seemed to be torn as well ③as well as
4.①with ②how to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings
③surrounding ④surrounded by/with trees
片段巩固
Every Saturday,Amy enjoys solving a new puzzle in the newspaper.One day,she found a puzzle that puzzled her more than usual.The challenging puzzle seemed to surround her.She couldn’t break away from it.Eventually,she as well as her parents worked it out.
5.①for ②of ③was in charge of;takes charge of;was in the charge of ④in charge of the English column
6.①was spent;were spent ②The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to
7.①solving ②approaching ③At the approach of the Spring Festival ④As I approached
8.①eagerly ②the boy couldn’t hide his eagerness
③was eager to know the reason
片段巩固
Tom was in charge of organizing the school’s charity events.As the event day approached,Tom’s excitement grew.He was eager to make every event a success.He had to keep track of the amount of money collected and ensure that everyone was aware of the charges for different activities.He worked hard to make sure everything was perfect.
No.2 一词多义/熟词生义
1.①n.民众 ②n.人群 ③vi.聚集;涌向 ④vt.(想法或观点)涌入(头脑)
2.①n.处境 ②n.职位 ③n.位置 ④n.姿态
3.①adj.慷慨的;大方的 ②adj.丰富的
4.①vi.翻滚 ②vi.滚动 ③n.卷
5.①vt.加点 ②n.点;小(圆)点 ③vt.遍布
6.①n.风俗;习俗 ②n.习惯
No.3 写作迁移
1.①If necessary ②If any ③If possible ④If so
2.①With too much work to do ②With all the preparations made ③with a group of ducks swimming in the lake
【能力突破练】
维度一 1.was 2.surrounded 3.are charged 4.were
5.was approaching 6.to see 7.rolling 8.out 9.from
10.so
维度二 1.made great achievements 2.It was announced
3.belonging to the missing hiker 4.A crowd of students gathered at the science fair 5.The park is dotted with
6.join her interest in photography to her career
7.keep their eyes open for
维度三 第一步
1.When it comes to the place I like most,my hometown should be given priority!
2.Located in the west part of China,my hometown is not very large in size and population,but it does have its own striking attraction.
3.Its peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes,with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages.
4.The green trees,rolling mountains,as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.
5.With all this beauty,it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart.
第二步
My Favourite Place
When it comes to the place I like most,my hometown should be given priority!
Located in the west part of China,my hometown is not very large in size and population,but it does have its own striking attraction.Its peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes,with its breathtaking surroundings dotted with lovely villages.The green trees,rolling mountains,as well as bubbling streams can all get visitors fascinated.
With all this beauty,it is not surprising that my hometown always occupies a special place in my heart.
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
2.①Surrounded by green fields as well as towering trees
②The narrow,winding paths ③The nearby stream
④the colors of nature are more vivid
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要说明了对于历史事件的考证不能仅凭文字记录,要注重文字记录和实物相互印证,以帮助我们重现真实的历史。
32.A [段落大意题。根据文章首段可知,如果你想讲述一段不偏袒人类历史上任何一方的世界历史,你就不能仅依靠文字。文字是人类的后期成果之一,直到最近甚至许多有文字的社会不仅用文字,还用实物来记载他们的重要事情。所以此段是说过去的历史事件应结合文字和实物来呈现,不能仅靠文字,故选A项。]
33.D [推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及该段最后一句可知,作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物,但是很多情况下,我们做不到这一点。下文通过举例说明库克船长的记录是片面的,故选D项。]
34.B [词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“a history told through things gives them back a voice”和“all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted...but the objects”可知,conversation指的是历史,故选B项。]
35.C [文章出处题。通读全文可知,本文主要强调了历史实物考证的重要性,C项“《一百件文物中的世界史》”符合对历史实物的关注,故选C项。]
析长难语句
加勒比地区的泰诺人、澳大利亚土著、非洲贝宁人和印加人,所有这些在本书中出现的人们,现在都可以通过他们制作的物品向我们铿锵有力地讲述他们过去的成就:通过实物讲述的历史让他们重获发声的机会。