Unit 4 History and Traditions
分值：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the woman feel
A．Regretful. B．Angry. C．Satisfied.
2．What will the man do after work
A．Have fun with friends.
B．Learn a language.
C．Watch a movie.
3．Where does the conversation take place
A．At home. B．At a restaurant. C．In a supermarket.
4．When did the woman receive Lucia’s invitation
A．This morning.
B．Yesterday evening.
C．Yesterday afternoon.
5．What can we know from the conversation
A．The electric fan doesn’t work.
B．The air-conditioner is turned on.
C．It’s particularly hot.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How does Anna collect things about Chinese culture
A．By asking her father for help.
B．By turning to her Chinese pen pals.
C．By ordering them from the Internet.
7．Why does the man’s father keep the stamps
A．They are beautiful.
B．They are expensive.
C．They are meaningful.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Why does the woman make the call
A．To ask about a course.
B．To make a study plan.
C．To apply for a program.
9．When can students use the computer room on Monday
A．At 8 a．m. B．At 10 a．m. C．At 10 p．m.
10．What should students do after registration
A．Join a study group.
B．Contact the teachers.
C．Attend class on time.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why did John decide to change his present apartment
A．It is too crowded.
B．It is inconvenient.
C．It is pet-unfriendly.
12．What animal would John raise as a pet
A．A rabbit. B．A dog. C．A cat.
13．When will the house-warming party be held
A．Next Monday. B．Next Saturday. C．Next Sunday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What does Melissa think of her last job
A．It’s interesting. B．It’s stressful. C．It’s relaxing.
15．How long did Melissa spend at the seaside
A．One week. B．One month. C．Three months.
16．What does Melissa like to do best
A．Make coffee. B．Take a trip. C．Plant flowers.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Why was the speaker’s mother annoyed with him
A．He didn’t work hard.
B．He painted everywhere in the house.
C．He was crazy about taking photos.
18．What does the speaker’s father do
A．A teacher. B．A photographer. C．A doctor.
19．Who is the speaker talking to
A．His students. B．His parents. C．His friends.
20．What can we learn about the speaker
A．He’s achieved his dream.
B．He feels extremely regretful.
C．He still paints as a hobby.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Winter break is a pretty solid time for high school students to prepare for upcoming college applications，especially if you’re in your senior year.If you’re looking for programs that run during the winter，this list is for you!
UC San Diego’s Academic(学业的) Connections Research Scholars-Bioengineering Track
Application Deadline：Rolling admissions
Program Dates：Jan 14－Mar 4,2025
Location：UC San Diego，CA
Fee：$2,500
This program offers high school students a chance to study bioengineering in three parts：an introductory level，research level，and internship(实习期) level.During the internship，students work on a project from planning to lab work and presentation，earning 3 college credits at the end.
EnergyMag Research Internship
Application Deadline：Rolling
Program Dates：Open all year round
Location：Online
Fee：Free
EnergyMag offers students a chance to research renewable energy.With a mentor’s guidance，students study a company or technology，gather data，and produce a report.A winter internship is also available(1－9 months,8 hours per week)．
UMBC’s Pre-College Program
Application Deadline：Dec 20,2024
Program Dates：Jan 2－Jan 26,2025
Location：UMBC，MD
Fee：$439－$6,426
High school students can earn college credits by taking courses in biology，economics，history，languages，and more.The program offers in-person，online，and hybrid options.Students need school permission and strong academic performance.
Girls Garage’s Construction Program
Application Deadline：Rolling dates
Program Dates：3 weeks during fall，winter and spring
Location：Girls Garage，CA
Fee：Free
This program teaches construction skills，including carpentry，welding，and design，through real-world community projects.It promotes teamwork and encourages students to think about fairness and inclusion.
21．What is the focus of the UC San Diego’s Bioengineering Track
A．To prepare students for college applications.
B．To provide college credits in a variety of subjects.
C．To teach bioengineering through hands-on projects.
D．To offer free research internships in bioengineering.
22．Which program has a requirement for students’ academic standing
A．UMBC’s Pre-College Program.
B．EnergyMag Research Internship.
C．Girls Garage’s Construction Program.
D．UC San Diego’s Bioengineering Track.
23．What do EnergyMag Research Internship and Girls Garage’s Construction Program have in common
A．Both need a participation fee.
B．Both educate students about life skills.
C．Both are specifically designed for girls.
D．Both accept applications on a rolling basis.
B
Born in Germany，Kathrine Switzer was an athletic and driven child.As a young girl，Switzer was active in various sports，but she faced huge troubles as there was a widely held attitude that women in sports were unattractive.In high school，she began to take running more seriously，often training in secret.She developed her determination(意志) and running skills through continuous practice，often running long distances to build her stamina(耐力)．
Switzer attended Syracuse University，where she trained with the men’s cross-country team.During this time，Switzer decided to run the Boston Marathon.As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering，she signed up for the 1967 race.She used the name “K.V.Switzer”．As a result，race officials did not realise she was a woman.
But when the race officials discovered she was a woman，they tried to stop her.Fortunately，her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her.Finally，she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes.
After that，she decided to help other women athletes.The Boston Marathon finally began accepting women runners in 1972，and three years later，Switzer placed second at the race with a time of 2：51：37，her personal best.In 1977，she created the Avon International Running Circuit，a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984.
Switzer went on to found the women’s running club,261 Fearless，and entered the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 2011.Still an active runner，Switzer even completed the Boston Marathon in 2017—fifty years after her historic run.
“When I go to the Boston Marathon now，I have wet shoulders—women fall into my arms crying，” she said.“They’re crying for joy because running has changed their lives.They feel nothing is impossible.”
24．How did Switzer train as a young girl
A．By following a professional plan.
B．By joining a cross-country team.
C．By keeping running secretly.
D．By seeking help from her coach.
25．What can we learn about Switzer in the 1967 marathon
A．She reached her personal best.
B．She broke a record set by men.
C．She lent a hand to another runner.
D．She was the first woman to complete it.
26．What is the result of Switzer’s 1977 running series
A．261 Fearless was founded.
B．She won many national honours.
C．Women’s marathon entered the Olympics.
D．Boston Marathon accepted women runners.
27．What is the best title of the text
A．Kathrine Switzer：A Pioneer in Women’s Sports
B．The 1967 Boston Marathon: A Race Against Time
C．Seeking Possibilities：A Woman of Olympic Spirits
D．Breaking Limits：The Story of a Marathon Champion
C
Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light.Now，thanks to artificial intelligence，German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at intersections.And they have gone further than that.This innovation is now being tested in the small German town of Lemgo.
For the research，scientists first studied algorithms taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed.Actually，it is necessary to adjust waiting time at intersections as conventional methods are inflexible and cannot interpret all traffic flow patterns.
The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real time.They can determine the speed of traffic as well as waiting time and combine this with self-learning algorithms.
The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent，which results in money saved.(The EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion Euros a year.) Aside from reducing commuting time，these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars moving slowly at intersections.
Another exciting development in this research focuses on pedestrians crossing intersections.Using AI，researchers can confirm how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of these people will need extra time to cross the street.Using a 3D points cloud，they can tell if someone has disabilities or is elderly without identifying the individual.
Testing will be done until this summer in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld，with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted abroad.“We are the first team in the world to test deep reinforcement learning for traffic light control under real-world conditions.And our testing work has encouraged others to make similar efforts，” scientist Arthur Müller said.
28．What can the new AI method do
A．Interpret real-time traffic patterns.
B．Offer directions to lost pedestrians.
C．Control traffic lights without sensors.
D．Identify individual car drivers quickly.
29．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Potential economic damage caused by traffic jams.
B．The problems with the AI method in the real world.
C．The benefits brought by the intelligent traffic lights.
D．Pedestrians’ efforts to create a better environment.
30．How might the AI method benefit the pedestrians with special needs
A．By leading them to a special crossing.
B．By providing AI-based guiding service.
C．By shutting down the lights for a while.
D．By lengthening the time for green lights.
31．What can we know about the team’s testing work
A．It is based on similar testing efforts.
B．It is pioneering and inspiring.
C．It has failed in real conditions.
D．It has been well adopted abroad.
D
Many people outside of the USA，and within，wonder why anyone would want to mess up sweet potatoes that are naturally sweet by putting marshmallows(棉花糖) on them or in them.However，some families with southeastern roots have eaten them that way for dozens of years.They love that sugary sweetness on top of more sweetness.It satisfies their “sweet tooth”．
But why do people combine marshmallows with sweet potatoes？There is a theory that draws from the concept of “supply and demand”，coupled with great marketing.You see，at one time，marshmallows were hard to get.As they became more available，they were still considered a special treat，and some unconventional cooks used them to “dress up” dishes and desserts made with staple ingredients(主要原料)．So，by topping a staple vegetable like sweet potatoes with marshmallows，home chefs were able to make a special dish for their families.
Marshmallow candies have been around since about 2000 B．C.when the ancient Egyptians made them by combining the root’s sweet sap(汁液) with honey.Up until the mid to late 1800s，only the wealthy could afford them because the production process was slow and costly：the candies were hand-made.Marshmallows weren’t mass-produced until about 1900 when a faster and less expensive production process，the “starch mogul system” which was invented in the late 1800s，became available.
The combination of sweet potatoes and marshmallows is a tradition that some believe started between the 1920s and 1930s.After that，marshmallows became a widely produced staple ingredient that could be used for cakes，desserts，candies and salads prepared by everyone for family gatherings，parties，and other special occasions.During the same time，people started to top off their hot cocoa with marshmallows，and they roasted them around campfires.
Although marshmallows eaten today are no longer made from the marshmallow plant’s root sap，they have had a long wonderful impact in history.
32．What is mentioned about the mixture of marshmallows and sweet potatoes
A．A world-famous cook made it by accident.
B．It was once used for treating a special disease.
C．It was driven by personal preference and the market.
D．Ancient Egyptians once regarded it as the staple food.
33．What does the underlined word “unconventional” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Unskilled. B．Creative. C．Sincere. D．Responsible.
34．What role did the “starch mogul system” play in producing marshmallows
A．It made them easier to produce.
B．It improved their traditional taste.
C．It made their appearance more attractive.
D．It encouraged the poor to help with the process.
35．How did marshmallows develop after the 1930s
A．They began to appear in important occasions of the wealthy.
B．They became a bridge to cultural communication.
C．They were gradually replaced by other desserts.
D．They were widely accepted and used.
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens，whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds. 36 .The Internet even has a name for it：brain rot(脑腐)．And brain rot happens so often to so many of us that it just got named the 2024 Oxford word of the year.
37 ，but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems.Excessive screen time can negatively affect attention，concentration，learning，memory，emotional regulation，and social functioning.Warning signs of brain rot in people of all ages can be similar to what happens in older adults who are developing cognitive impairment(损伤)．
However，there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact. 38 .Screen breaks，time limits，and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful.There are lots of apps that can help you track total screen time，and enforce digital detox periods(数字戒毒期) to help you unplug and engage with activities in real life.This is more of a short-term fix，however，and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in. 39 .A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation，exercise，reading，joining in-person social groups，learning new skills，playing with animals，engaging with nature. 40 .
A．Brain rot isn’t an official medical diagnosis(诊断)
B．Whatever substitutes，remember to do them regularly
C．Changing digital media habits can improve well-being
D．Brain rot can be caused by the way we use our screens
E．Children and teens are most at risk because their brains are still developing
F．This urge can be so strong that it messes with our focus and our cognitive(认知的) health
G．For real change，one should consider lifestyle changes that are sustainable in the long-term
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Marcus is a handsome and athletic kid.He plays tennis and 41 the state tournament every year.Marcus’s neighbor，Conrad，is also 42 to compete，but he has rheumatoid arthritis(类风湿性关节炎)．Although it pains him just to walk，he 43 painful days at school walking to the sports field.He loves watching his school competitions so he doesn’t 44 a game.
Marcus has known Conrad since primary school.They’ve always been 45 .He sees Conrad in pain and his 46 at not being able to play sports.So，every day after school，Marcus 47 his classmates to go to Conrad’s for a moment of discussion about the game competition.The discussion is as 48 as a real high school game，making Conrad forget the hurt.
Finally，the doctors found a new 49 to reduce the pain.Conrad walks without much pain and begins running，but he still has to learn the 50 of running.After a childhood of walking carefully and taking 51 steps，Conrad has to train his walking like a kid again.He pushes himself every day，building his lungs and doing leg lifts repeatedly for his leg 52 .He knows what pain feels like，but running for Conrad is no longer 53 .
To Conrad’s delight，he gets a chance to join the cross country team.Conrad doesn’t win，but Marcus is there， 54 for him who always finishes in the middle of the competitors，breathing in wind and waving his hands 55 .
41．A.gives up B．competes in
C．hears of D．breaks through
42．A.able B．lucky
C．eager D．calm
43．A.bears B．counts
C．forgets D．escapes
44．A.accept B．enjoy
C．lose D．miss
45．A.strangers B．enemies
C．friends D．teachers
46．A.surprise B．sadness
C．impatience D．tiredness
47．A.promises B．asks
C．drives D．forces
48．A.long B．noisy
C．boring D．interesting
49．A.treatment B．excuse
C．period D．topic
50．A.goal B．style
C．speed D．skill
51．A.suitable B．serious
C．small D．comfortable
52．A.strength B．show
C．shape D．advantage
53．A.relaxing B．beneficial
C．painful D．meaningful
54．A.queuing B．arguing
C．running D．cheering
55．A.excitedly B．curiously
C．anxiously D．actively
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Water-Splashing Festival(泼水节) is a traditional festival for the Dai people in Yunnan Province,56. marks the official New Year celebration for over one million Dai people living in China.57. (hold) during the sixth month of the Dai calendar，it usually lasts three or four days.
For the Dai people in Yunnan Province，water is a symbol 58. goodness and the most valuable thing.During the festival，both men and women enjoy 59. (them) in the game of water-splashing.They are armed with buckets of water to make each other 60. (complete) wet，wishing all good luck and happiness to happen to them.
During the festival，the door of every house 61. (decorate) with colorful pieces of paper.All the 62. (villager) wear their unique clothes.Mutton and beef are served with delicious rice cakes，rice noodles，and rice wine.The festival is celebrated with 63. variety of activities，including singing and dancing，firework displays and boat racing.Dai people will also invite people to celebrate the festival from other ethnic minorities(少数民族) and tourists 64. (come) from afar(从远处) to celebrate the festival.
The Water-Splashing Festival is the Dai people’s respect to water，music，dance and food.It is also a 65. (culture) bridge between China and Southeast Asian countries that share the same festive culture of the water splashing.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友 Linda今年暑假要来你所在的城市杭州旅游。请根据以下提示，给她写一封电子邮件，介绍一下杭州的基本情况。
1．地理位置(位于中国的东南部，面临东海)；
2．著名景点(西湖)；
3．活动(西湖划船、树林漫步、草坪野餐)；
4．每年吸引众多国内外游客。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：草坪 lawn
Dear Linda，
I am very glad to know that you will come to my city Hangzhou this summer vacation.Now I’m writing to tell you something about it.
I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My parents and I had been planning my brother’s birthday party since the beginning of March.Johnny would be six years old in two weeks.My mom was going to bake a special chocolate cake.I wonder what I can do to make my brother’s birthday special.
I knew my parents had already bought a present for me to give to Johnny，but I wanted to buy him something I had chosen myself and with the money I had saved.After giving it some thoughts，I wanted to buy him the paint-by-number kit(数字涂色小套装) I had seen at the store around the corner.
I decided to empty my coin jar and see how much money I had saved.However，I was disappointed to find there was much less than I had imagined.“I only have about three dollars，” I said to myself.The set cost more than I have saved.
Suddenly a “great” idea came to me.I went into my parents’ bedroom where my dad kept loose change in a box.I carefully counted out what I needed to make up the difference.I’m sure Dad won’t mind just this once，I thought.
However，I was soon overcome by guilt(内疚)．Even though there was no one else in the bedroom，I felt like I was being watched.Mom was always telling us about the importance of honesty.Maybe my plan wasn’t such a great idea after all，I thought.
However，I ran to the store.Once I got there，I took the paint-by-number kit from the shelf.
“Can I help you，young lady？” the saleswoman asked.
“No.I’m just looking，thank you.” I said.
“That’s a really nice paint kit.We sell a lot of them and，as you can see，that’s the last one，” she said.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I nodded my head in agreement，with my mind racing.
I would just have to wait until I saved the extra money I needed.
答案精析
1．C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.C
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个适合高中生在寒假期间参加的大学预备项目。
21．C [细节理解题。根据UC San Diego’s Academic(学业的) Connections Research Scholars-Bioengineering Track部分提到的“This program offers high school students a chance to study bioengineering in three parts...”可知，这个项目是让学生通过参与实际项目来学习生物工程。故选C。]
22．A [细节理解题。根据UMBC’s Pre-College Program部分提到的“Students need school permission and strong academic performance.”可知，学生需要学校的许可和优异的学业成绩，说明UMBC的预科项目对学生的学业成绩有要求。故选A。]
23．D [细节理解题。根据EnergyMag Research Internship部分提到的“Application Deadline：Rolling”和“Girls Garage’s Construction Program”部分提到的“Application Deadline：Rolling dates”可知，这两个项目的申请截止日期都是滚动进行的，说明两者都接受滚动申请。故选D。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kathrine Switzer如何突破性别限制参与马拉松并推动女性运动发展的故事。
24．C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“In high school，she began to take running more seriously，often training in secret.”可知，Switzer在小时候是通过秘密跑步来训练的。故选C。]
25．D [推理判断题。根据第二段中“As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering...As a result，race officials did not realise she was a woman.”以及第三段“But when the race officials discovered she was a woman，they tried to stop her...she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes.”可知，当时官方规则没有禁止女性参赛，但比赛官员发现她是女性后试图阻止她，通过她的男朋友和一组男性跑步者的帮助，最后她完成了比赛，由此可推断她是第一个完成1967年波士顿马拉松的女性。故选D。]
26．C [细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 1977，she created the Avon International Running Circuit，a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984.”可知，Switzer在 1977 年创立的跑步系列赛事为1984年女子马拉松成为奥运会项目奠定了基础，也就是使得女子马拉松进入奥运会。故选C。]
27．A [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕Kathrine Switzer展开，讲述了她从小对体育的热爱，面对社会对女性参与体育运动的偏见所做出的努力，以及她后来在体育领域所取得的成就和对女性体育运动的推动，并为女性马拉松成为奥运会项目奠定基础的故事。A项“Kathrine Switzer：女子体育的先驱”符合文章主旨。故选A。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员和科学家利用人工智能实时调控红绿灯的实验项目。
28．A [细节理解题。根据第三段中“The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real time.”可知，新的人工智能方法可以实时解读交通模式。故选A。]
29．C [段落大意题。本段主要谈及智能交通灯通过改善交通带来的一系列益处：节省开支，减少通勤时间、减少噪声以及污染。故选C。]
30．D [细节理解题。根据第五段的后两句可知，对于那些有特殊需要的人，如残障人士和老年人，研究人员可能会让人工智能延长行人过马路的绿灯时间，保证他们有足够长的时间过马路。故选D。]
31．B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中Arthur Müller说的话可推断，这个团队的测试工作具有开创性和激励性。故选B。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了棉花糖的历史及相关传统。
32．C [推理判断题。根据第一段中“They love that sugary sweetness on top of more sweetness.It satisfies their ‘sweet tooth’．”和第二段中“But why do people combine marshmallows with sweet potatoes？There is a theory that draws from the concept of ‘supply and demand’，coupled with great marketing.”可知，这种食物的产生是由于个人喜好和市场推动的。故选C。]
33．B [词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词所在句子及下一句“So，by topping a staple vegetable like sweet potatoes with marshmallows，home chefs were able to make a special dish for their families.”可知，厨师们会用棉花糖来装饰菜肴或者甜点，制作特色美食，所以这是一些“有创意的”厨师们，unconventional的意思是“有创意的”，与Creative“有创造力的”意思相符。故选B。]
34．A [细节理解题。根据第三段中“Marshmallows weren’t mass-produced until about 1900 when a faster and less expensive production process，the ‘starch mogul system’ which was invented in the late 1800s，became available.”可知，这个系统的发明使得棉花糖的生产变得更加容易了。故选A。]
35．D [细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，在20世纪30年代之后，棉花糖逐渐被大众接受并广泛使用。故选D。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“脑腐”现象、它的危害及预防措施。
36．F [上文讲述了人们难以从屏幕上移开目光的情况。空处承接上文，进一步说明这种情况带来的影响。F项“这种冲动可能非常强烈，以至于会扰乱我们的注意力和认知健康”符合语境，该项中的“This urge”指代上文提到的难以从屏幕上移开目光的冲动。故选F。]
37．A [根据下文“but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems”可知，过量的屏幕使用时间会带来各种各样的认知和情绪问题。A 项“‘脑腐’不是一种官方的医学诊断”与其构成转折，符合语境，下文的it指代A项中的医学诊断。故选A。]
38．C [上文提到有一些做法可以预防和扭转“脑腐”影响。下文具体说明了一些改变使用数字媒体习惯的做法。C项“改变数字媒体使用习惯可以提高幸福感”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选C。]
39．G [上文“This is more of a short-term fix，however，and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in.”指出短期的解决办法有局限性，需要审视日常习惯。G项“为了真正的改变，一个人应该考虑长期可持续的生活方式的改变”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。]
40．B [上文“A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation，exercise，reading，joining in-person social groups，learning new skills，playing with animals，engaging with nature.”给出了一些替代屏幕使用时间的活动。B项“无论是什么替代活动，记得定期去做”对上文进行总结，符合语境。故选B。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述马库斯是个英俊而健壮的孩子，经常参加比赛，而他的朋友康拉德因为患病而不能参加运动，马库斯一直用自己的行动陪伴和鼓励康拉德。
41．B [根据下文“the state tournament every year”可知，他每年参加州锦标赛。故选B。]
42．C [根据上下文的转折关系可知，Marcus的邻居Conrad也渴望参加比赛，却因为疾病而不能如愿。故选C。]
43．A [根据上文“Although it pains him just to walk”可知，他走路都疼，却忍受着疼痛走到运动场看比赛。故选A。]
44．D [根据上文“He loves watching his school competitions”可知，他喜欢看学校的比赛，所以他不会错过任何一场比赛。故选D。]
45．C [根据上文“Marcus has known Conrad since primary school.”可推断他们一直都是朋友。故选C。]
46．B [根据下文“at not being able to play sports”可知，不能参加体育活动是悲伤的。故选B。]
47．B [根据上文“He sees Conrad in pain and his at not being able to play sports.”可知，Marcus了解Conrad不能参赛的悲伤，所以每天都会让他的同学去Conrad家讨论比赛。故选B。]
48．D [根据下文“making Conrad forget the hurt”可知，讨论应该很有趣。故选D。]
49．A [根据本句句意和语境可知，医生应该是找到新的治疗方法来减轻Conrad的疼痛。故选A。]
50．D [根据本句的转折词but和下文的“Conrad has to train his walking like a kid again”可知，Conrad的疼痛得以缓解，可以开始跑步，但他仍然需要学习跑步的技巧。故选D。]
51．C [根据上文“Although it pains him just to walk”可知，Conrad以前走路都会疼，所以童年期应该是走小步。故选C。]
52．A [根据上文“doing leg lifts repeatedly”可知，是为了增强腿部力量。故选A。]
53．C [根据上文可知，医生为Conrad找出了减轻痛苦的疗法，他现在可以运动了，由此可知跑步不再会让他感到痛苦。故选 C。]
54．D [根据前文和本句语境可知，Marcus应该是为Conrad欢呼。故选D。]
55．A [根据上文“breathing in wind and waving his hands”可知，应该是兴奋地挥手。故选A。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了云南傣族的泼水节。
56．which [考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Water-Splashing Festival(泼水节)，指物，从句缺少主语，则使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。]
57．Held [考查非谓语动词。句中hold作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语it(The Water-Splashing Festival)之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，空格位于句首，故填Held。]
58．of [考查介词。此处表示所属关系，应用介词of，固定短语a symbol of意为“一个……的象征”，故填of。]
59．themselves [考查反身代词。此处应用反身代词，固定短语enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”，them的反身代词是themselves，故填themselves。]
60．completely [考查副词。这里用副词作状语修饰形容词wet，故填completely。]
61．is decorated [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。该句子讲述的是通常的情况且door和decorate之间为被动关系，则此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，door为单数意义，be动词用is，故填is decorated。]
62．villagers [考查名词复数。villager是可数名词，前有All修饰，应该变复数，故填villagers。]
63．a [考查冠词。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，为固定短语，故填a。]
64．coming [考查非谓语动词。come和tourists为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语修饰tourists，故填coming。]
65．cultural [考查形容词。这里用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词bridge，故填cultural。]
第一节 参考范文
Dear Linda，
I am very glad to know that you will come to my city Hangzhou this summer vacation.Now I’m writing to tell you something about it.Hangzhou lies in the southeast of China and faces the East China Sea.It is famous for the West Lake which has a long history.Whenever you come to this modern city，you will see many parks and places of interest.During holidays，people like going boating on the lake，walking in the woods or sitting on the lawn to have a picnic.Great changes have taken place in Hangzhou during the past few years.Hangzhou has taken on a new look and lots of tourists from home and abroad come to visit it every year.
I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 参考范文
I nodded my head in agreement，with my mind racing.“Whether to buy or not？” I was wondering.My hungry eyes rested on the paint-by-number kit.“Could you help me keep it for a week？” I begged anxiously with my cheeks burning.Much to my surprise，she nodded her head in agreement.I turned around，walked out of the store and headed home.I slid into the bedroom，stood on my tiptoe and put back the change one by one.In the meantime，I could hear my heart pounding.
I would just have to wait until I saved the extra money I needed.Apart from doing housework for my parents，I applied for a job in the community so that I could earn more money.In the following week，I delivered newspapers and fed pets for the neighbors from morning till night.Tired as I was，I still enjoyed myself.Having got enough money，I went to the corner store and bought the special gift.Never did my brother think that he would receive my gift.Seeing my brother was not at a loss what to do，I was floating on air.
