课件24张PPT。名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句I 名词性从句的种类1.When we will start is not clear.
2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief.
3. My idea is that we should do it right now.
4.I had no idea that you were her friend.II．语序问题1.The photographs will show you ____ ．
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
2.He asked____for a violin.
A. did I pay how much
B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay
D. how much I paid 请你归纳 在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其它部分应用______的语序。陈述句 Ⅲ.名词性从句的连接词一、主语从句连词that(无词义, 不作成分, 不能省略);whether(是否),if不能位于句首。
That he will come and help us is certain.
Whether we will succeed is still a question.
It is not known if he will come.注意: 已确定的事由that引导;
没决定的事由whether引导.3.连接副词when(ever), where(ever), why, how(ever), how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等.When the test will be given is not yet decided.
How much we can spend must be agreed on.2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which, whichever 等.What he is has nothing to do with you.
Whose ticket this is has not been found out.特殊句式1.I hate ____? when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it? B. that C. these D. them
2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless.
A. / B. it C. that D. how
3. It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning grey.
A．while B. that C. if? D. for 为了使句子保持平衡，常用it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。归纳 主语从句的主谓一致1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
That they will come is certain.2.由who, whoever引导的主语从句的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定.
Whoever say that are to be punished.
Who are going there have been decided.3.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants are these books.
What he wants is some water.二. 宾语从句1. 由连词that 引导: that 常可省略。I told him (that) I would come back soon.注：并列第二个以上的宾语从句,或有插入语
时不能省略that.)He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one.当that 引导的从句作复合宾语的第一个成分时，需用先行词it 作形式宾语，把从句放到句末，that 不能省略。We consider it possible that he is ill.
I heard it said that he had gone to Australia.2. 由wh-疑问词引导。We fully understood what he meant.
Go and ask why he was late yesterday.
I asked how he was getting on.
He asked me whether or not I was I was busy.
Whatever he does he does well.
We will choose whoever is fit.whether 与if 有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether.1. 介词后的宾从.
Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow.
2. whether…or not的宾从.
I don’t know whether or not she’ll like it.
3. 复合不定式只能用whether.
Tell us whether to go or stay here.
4.习惯上作discuss的宾从只用whether. 但: 宾语从句否定时常用if引导.
He asked if you would not go and see him.三. 表语从句表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.
但: 1. that引导表语从句时不能省.
2. if不能引导表语从句.
3. seem, appear后可接that引导的从句, 而look则不可.
这三个词后都可用as if / as though 引导从句.
It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday.
It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot. The news that our team has won the match is
true.
His delay is due to the fact that the car went
wrong halfway.四.同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在名词 fact, news, promise,
truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information,
knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan,
suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词.注: 1. that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别: 引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分.He told me the news that our team won the match.
He told me the news that was very exciting.
We are interested in the news that some
foreigners would visit our school.
We are interested in the news that he told us.2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句. I have no idea where he has gone.
I have no idea when he did it.
I have no idea what he did. 1. that 与 what
2. if 与 whether
3. who 与 whoever
4.what 与 whateverIV．关联词的区分1.用that 或what 填空1. I wonder if this is ______you are looking for.
2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before.
3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.whatwhatthat4._______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind.
5.________the earth is round is known to us all.
归纳：WhatThat连词_______在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_____在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。thatwhat（what, whatever, who, whoever)1._________ was said here must be kept secret.
2. _______we need is more time.
3._______ made the long distance call to him is not important.
4._________ breaks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoever ___________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而
____________________等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。归纳 who,whoever/what, whatever ?Whoever,whateverWho, what 课件17张PPT。2010年高考单选
—————— 名词性从句35. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
解析：空格在句中充当宾语（10湖南）
35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _____ she was so angry.
A. where B. whether
C. that D. why
考点：考查名词性从句。
解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。
（10天津）
14. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here.
A. how B. what C. When D. which
句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。
解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。 （10北京）
33. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
Whether B. What
C. That D. How
考点: 本题考查主语从句。
句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。
解析：从句中缺宾语，只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。（10浙江）
1．—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
—OK, you want.
A．whichever B．however
C．whatever D．whoever
考点：本题考查引导词。
解析：句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。9．It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．what
C．how D．whether
考点：本题考查主语从句的引导词。
解析：根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what，形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。
同位语从句
（10上海）
36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
that B. how
C. what D. why考点：此处考查的是同位语从句。
解析：考察that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。
（10湖北）
74. The news ________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall) 答案：that the housing price will fall
考点：同位语从句
解析：用 “that” 引导同位语从句，“房价”译成 “housing price”。
宾语从句
（10山东）
26. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
A. why B. what C. how D. which
考点：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。
解析：句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。（10上海）
37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
考点：本题考查宾语从句。
解析：which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。
（10四川）
14．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives．w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m
A．what B．who C．how D．why
考点：考查介词后的宾语从句。
解析：根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”
（10全国Ⅰ）
33. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
A. that B. which C. what D. where
句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。
解答：根据选项此题考察从句。题干中空格划在动词discuss的后面，因此考察宾语从句，根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语，因此选择D。
（10湖北）
31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who B. where
C. what D. how
考点: 宾语从句
解析：我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我inside的品质。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A，错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。10全国Ⅱ）
10.—Have you finished the book?
---No,I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.
A.which B.what C.hat D.where
【解析】考查宾语从句。Up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句从句；而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。
表语从句
（10江苏）
35. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A.where B.how
C.when D.what选A. 这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句.
（10北京）
32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that
C. why D. whether考点:本题考查表语从句。
解析：从句不缺成分，因此用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。课件26张PPT。名词性从句 名词性从句 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------ 宾语从句在句中做------
表语从句在句中做------ 同位语从句在句中----- 主语宾语表语同位语1. That he will come is certain. 2. I know that he will come.3. The truth is that I have been there.4. The fact that she was late surprised us. 主语从句
that whether who whom whose what which when where why how从 句
引导词:1. That he knows Japanese is known to all. 3. When he will come is unknown .4. Whether he is coming doesn’t matter much. 5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain. 主语太长了!放到句尾That无词义,不可省略What “什么”, “所….的”2. What surprised me was to see him here .When “什么时候”主语从句不用 if位于句首主语从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It It 作主语的常用句型有:1. It + be +形容词 + that 从句2. It + be +名称词组(duty/pity..) + that 从句3. It + be + 过去分词(said/thought..) + that 从句4. It +不及物动词(seem/happen..) + that 从句a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 从所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句
It appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 注意： 用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下几组：
真可惜我们不能去游泳.
碰巧那天我外出了.
他考试肯定会考好.
据说他已告诉了她一切.注意: It looked that he was right. ( × ) 可以说: It looks as if….happen只有 it 句型It is said只有 it 句型 It is a pity that we can’t go swimming.It is said that he told her everything.It happened that I was out that day.It is certain that he will do well in the exam.Whatever we do must be in the interest of the people.
It must be in the interest of the people whatever we do名词性关系代词whatever/whoever/whichever
/wherever/what引导的主语从句一般放在句首改错1. It is true what he said.What he said is true. 放在句首表语从句从 句 同主语从句 (11个), 外加as if /
引导词: as though, 1. The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.2. The question is whether w can finish the experiment by Friday.3. It looks as if it were going to rain. 实际情况是他从未去过农村. that 一般不省略问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验. 表语从句不用 if4. This school is no longer what it was before.这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了. what =the thing that 系动词后面注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法This is where Lu Xun once lived.
That was how they won the match.
This is why she got up so early this morning.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方. 他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的. 这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.我们就是这样克服困难的.
那就是他昨天缺席的原因.
这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.This is / That was how we overcame the difficulties.That is why he was absent yesterday.This is where we met last Sunday. 宾语从句从 句 ( 同主语从句 ) ,增加 if ,可与whether
引导词: 互换, 但不与 or not 连用1. They pretended ( that ) they knew how to do it. 2.She said (that) she couldn’t tell me and that I couldn’t understand.宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个 that 4. Everything depends on whether we have enough time. ( if )if /whether 表示“是否” 可以互换,四种情况用whether:
1.在介词后面 2.与or not连用 3.在主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句中
4后面跟不定式5. I don’t know whether he will come or not. ( if )6. The question is whether he will agree . ( if )I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam.
I don’t doubt that we will win the match.
Do you doubt that he did it on his own? doubt问题肯定句中用 if / whether否定句中用 that 疑定句中用 that I doubt _________ he is telling the truth.
We never doubt _________ the plan will be carried out .
Does he doubt _________ you are from Austria?
I’m doubtful _________ he will agree to this. if / whether that that if / whether 宾语从句经常做介词的宾语The Swede stood still, except _____ his lips moved slightly.
She is not satisfied with ____ she has achieved.
Mary always thinks of ____ she can do more for the class.
He wrote a letter of thanks to ______ helped him.5. It depends on if we have enough time. whether we have enough time.介词后面不用 if that what how whoever6. Are you sorry for which you have done? what you have done?介词后面不用 which 宾语从句经常作表语形容词的宾语I’m afraid (that ) I’ll be late.
We were surprised that he lost
the game.此类表语形容词有:
afraid pleased happy
satisfied anxious sure
surprised certain glad
aware用它们造句that 从句只跟在 except,but, in ,besides, 四个介词后面1 We have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life clear. (改用形式宾语 it )英语有句尾重心的原则I consider that we should learn English well necessary.We consider her suitable for the job. 句尾太轻consider find think feel make 等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语 it ,宾语从句放到宾补之后We have made it clear that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life.correctionThe emperor was pleased by which the minister told him about it.
Are you sorry for that you have annoyed him?
I find that this should be kept secret for the time being necessary.
Can you doubt if she will succeed?
I worried about if my brother will return in time.
She said that she has never told a lie.
Will you tell me when he leaves for Paris?
Our football team won the match last Sunday excited all of us.
It looked that he was well prepared for the unexpected challenge.
That he said moved everyone present.whatit necessary that this should be kept sexretfor the time beingthat she will succeed ?whether my brother will return in time.had will leave for Paris?That our football team won the match last Sunday excited all of usWhatIt seemedwhich不做介词宾语句尾重心从句缺少引导词that不做句子成分没有It look that…表达式同位语从句被修饰词有: fact, news, hope, opinion, order, question, problem, belief, truth, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, promise, rumor, fear, thought, suggestion, plan, idea…同位语从句说明它们的内容常见引导词: that , whether ( if ), how, wh- 疑问词The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear.
The question how I did it is hard to answer.
They had no idea where they should go to find some food.
The question whether he comes or not is not important. ( if )
A thought came to me that he might be in the library.事实胜于雄辨这一道理非常清楚.我怎么做的这一问题难回答.他们根本不知去哪儿找食物他是否来这个问题不重要.我突然想到他可能在图书馆. 被别的词隔开that 无词义同位语从句和定语从句的区别:We were excited about the news (that) he had told us.
We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.The fact that the young man had been a prisoner astonished her .
The fact that was unbelievable astonished everyone.The question who helped us out of difficulty remains to be answered.
The question which seems so strange remains to be answered.同位语从句: 说明名词的内容, wh-表示疑问, that 不做成分, 不能省略定 语 从 句:说明名词的性质特征, wh-不表示疑问,引导词做句子成分,做宾语
可以省略 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
1. Can you tell me how many students are there
in your class?
2. I don't know where has he gone.
3. The owner of the shop came to see what
the matter was.
there are
he haswhat was the matter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！ 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema.
5. My idea is that we must do our homework first.
6. His proposal that we went there on foot is
acceptable.
We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.
My idea is that we (should) do our homework first.His proposal that we (should) go there on foot…...规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
7. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.
8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.
9. The question is if he himself will be present at the
meeting.
10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.
Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
It depends on whether the weather is …...
The question is whether he himself will be present …...
He asked me whether I could go with him or not. 规律三：4种情况只能用whether ：
（1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词；
（3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.
2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.
3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.
4. It doesn’t matter that you will come or not.
ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况
下可以借助 “it” 而后置。问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？名词性从句试题集锦
1.I ask her _______ come with me.
A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she
2._______ he said is true.
A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether
3.Can you tell me ________?
A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman
4.He didn't know which room _______.
A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in
5.To get the job started, _______ I need is some money.
A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that
6.I have no idea _______ far the railway station is from here.
A. what B. how C. it's D. that 7.Can you tell me _______ the railway station?
A. how I can get to B. what can I get to
C. where I can got to D. where can I get to
8.Do you know _______?
A. what is his name B. how is his name
C. what his name is D. how his name is
9._______ you have done might do harm to other people.
A. That B. What C. Which D. This
10.They have no idea at all ________.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
11.They want to know _________ ( do ) to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can
C. how they can D. how can they
12.These photographs will show you _______.
A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like
C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 13.Can you make sure ________ the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
14.No one can be sure ________ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like D. what look man like
15.________ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
16.Go and get your coat. It's ________ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there
17.It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
18._______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 19. — Do you remember ________ he came?
— Yes, I do. He came by car.
A. how B. when C. that D. if
20._________ we can't get seems better than _________ we have.
A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what
21.________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Which
22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
23. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that _________ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ________ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 25.________ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
26.You can't imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
27.________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _________ I got wet through.
A. It's the reason B. That's why
C. There's why D. It's how 29.It was a matter of ________ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
30.________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
31.It was _______ he said _______ disappointed me.
A. what ; that B. that ; that
C. what ; what D. that ; what
32.Eat ________ cake you like and leave the others for ________ comes in late.
A. any ; who B. every ; whoever
C. whichever ; whoever D. either ; whoever
