【学霸笔记：同步精讲】06 UNIT 1 Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing) 课件--译林版英语选择性必修第一册

(共63张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新”　打通应考之“脉”
Period 6　课时学案 写作(Writing)
UNIT 1　
Food matters
主题语境　人与自我——健康的生活方式
介绍你最喜欢的食物属于介绍类文章，它实质上属于说明文，但在说明的过程中可以穿插记叙或议论。
(一)基本框架
开头(beginning)——引出你喜欢的食物
主体(body)——详细介绍你喜欢的食物
结尾(ending)——阐述自己的观点
介绍你最喜欢的食物
(二)常用表达
1．As the saying goes，bread is the staff of life，so eating healthily and deliciously is the goal we pursue．
俗话说，民以食为天，因此吃得美味又健康是我们所追求的目标。
2．From my point of view，in order to build healthy eating habits，we should eat more vegetables and less fat and sugar．
我认为，为了养成健康的饮食习惯，我们应该多吃蔬菜，少摄入脂肪和糖分。
3．Junk food is a fatal killer for our health so that we should stay far from it．
垃圾食品是我们健康的致命杀手，所以我们应该远离它。
4．What impresses me most is the whole family sitting around the table，making dumplings together．
给我印象最深的是全家人围坐在桌子旁，一起包饺子。
5．I like the dumpling not only because it has unique flavour，but also because it stands for reunion．
我喜欢饺子不仅因为它有独特的味道，还因为它代表团圆。
6．Chinese food is rich in vegetables and grains，which is considered as one of the healthiest foods in the world．
中国食物富含蔬菜和谷物，被认为是世界上最健康的食物之一。
7．Besides，eating more fruit and drinking more water are of great help．
此外，多吃水果多喝水有很大的帮助。
8．This dish has all kinds of colours，which makes my mouth water．
这道菜五颜六色，令我口水直流。
假定你是李华，你校英语报Food and Culture栏目正在征集有关中国传统美食的文章，请你用英语写一篇关于中国传统美食——饺子的短文。内容包括：
1．历史：大约1 500年；
2．文化习俗：家庭团聚、好运象征；
3．做法：蒸、煎、煮等；
4．你的看法。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：介绍类说明文；
2．确定人称：主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①简单介绍中国传统美食——饺子；
②详细说明其文化习俗和做法；
③你的看法——它不仅美味，营养丰富，而且是中国文化的一部分。
[遣词造句]
1．饺子是一种传统的中国食物，它可以追溯到大约1 500年前。
Chinese dumplings or Jiaozi is ____________________________ and it __________________________________．
2．春节标志着新的一年的开始。
The Spring Festival _______________________________．
3．人们选择吃饺子来表达他们对好运的祝愿。
People choose to eat Jiaozi __________________________________．
a traditional Chinese food
dates back some 1，500 years
marks the start of a new year
to express their wishes for good fortune
4．家庭成员在除夕夜聚在一起包饺子。
Family members __________________________________________．
5．包饺子确实是团队合作的活动，并且能够营造和谐的家庭氛围。
Making dumplings is really teamwork and ________________________ ________________．
6．中国饺子的烹制方法因地而异，一般有蒸、煮或煎的方式。
_______________________________________________________ and generally，they are steamed，boiled or pan -fried．
get together to make dumplings on New Year's Eve
creates a harmonious family
atmosphere
Ways of cooking Chinese dumplings vary from place to place
7．它不仅美味和营养丰富，而且是中国文化的一部分。
It's _____________________________________________________．
not only delicious and nutritious but also a part of Chinese culture
[句式升级]
1．用非限制性定语从句升级句1
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．用连词as升级句2和句3
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．用动词 -ing形式短语升级句5
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chinese dumplings or Jiaozi is a traditional Chinese food，which dates back some 1，500 years．
As the Spring Festival marks the start of a new year，people choose to eat Jiaozi to express their wishes for good fortune．
Making dumplings is really teamwork，creating a harmonious family atmosphere．
[连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Chinese dumplings or Jiaozi is a traditional Chinese food，which dates back some 1，500 years．
As the Spring Festival marks the start of a new year，people choose to eat Jiaozi to express their wishes for good fortune． Traditionally，family members get together to make dumplings on New Year's Eve． In fact，making dumplings is really teamwork，creating a harmonious family atmosphere． As we all know，ways of c ooking Chinese dumplings vary from place to place and generally，they are steamed，boiled or pan-fried．
In my opinion，it's not only delicious and nutritious but also a part of Chinese culture．
[词块积累]
1．to one's delight/joy/entertainment 令某人开心的是
2．be seized by joy/be overcome with happiness 非常高兴
3．be wild with joy/delight 欣喜若狂
4．dance for/with joy 高兴地雀跃
情感描写　“喜”与“哀”
5．in a good mood 心情很好
6．in cheerful/high spirits 心情愉快
7．be/feel very sad 很难过
8．break one's heart 伤心绝望
9．be in pain 处于痛苦之中
10．burst into tears 放声大哭，突然哭起来
[佳句积累]
1．Tears rolled down her cheeks．
泪水顺着她的脸颊滑落。
2．Her smile lit up the whole room．
她的微笑照亮了整个房间。
3．All her heart went up in flames of joy．
她心花怒放。
4．The smile on her face shone like a diamond．
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
5．During the camping trip，we were all in high spirits．
野营途中，我们情绪高涨。
6．He stood by the door，with joy beaming from his eyes．
他站在门边，眼睛里洋溢着喜悦。
7．I left quickly，not wanting to break down in front of the children．
我赶快离开了，因为我不想在孩子们面前失声痛哭。
8．As he looked at Katherine，great sorrow/sadness clouded his eyes．
他看着凯瑟琳，满眼忧伤。
9．When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek，his eyes danced with joy and sweetness．
当妈妈亲吻宝贝的脸颊时，他的眼睛里荡漾着开心与甜蜜。
10．I felt like I were floating in an ocean of sadness，and words could not express my sorrow．
我感觉我正漂浮在悲伤的海洋里，言语无法表达我的哀伤。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dad is a practical man． He can't explain calculus (微积分)，but he can tell you how much pressure a boiler needs． He put himself through night school to become an engineer，but that was only after he worked as an electrician and a mechanic．
One day we walked by a toy store window． Sitting in the corner was the most unusual dollhouse (玩具屋) I'd ever seen． It was shaped like an upturned log(原木)．
“Oh，Daddy，” I said，“isn't it beautiful Do you think Santa Claus will bring it to me？”
Dad looked at the $100 price tag—an exorbitant (过高的) figure in those days．“I think even Santa couldn't afford this house，” he joked，hiking up his belt as he often does when he's nervous．“Maybe one day，sweetheart．”
On Christmas morning，I awoke early and raced downstairs． In the dim (昏暗的) light，I made out some wrapped boxes under the tree—but none large enough to contain my dollhouse． Dad could see my disappointment． He pulled me onto his lap and gently told me how，as a boy，he had wanted a red wagon，but his father couldn't afford one． He said he made his own from wood and old wheels he found．“I'll make one for you，” Dad promised me．
And right after Christmas，despite all the unfinished projects at home，he started it． I had thought it was an easy toy to make，but every step of the long process was more complex (复杂的) than I had expected． Night after night，Dad would come home from his job dead tired，yet he'd always find time to work on the log house． In the dim light，Dad was always busy creating my dollhouse．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I hesitated，wondering if I should help my dad．______________ ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
In all，it took one month of hard work by us．______________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
I hesitated，wondering if I should help my dad． But he seemed to know what I thought and one night he said to me with a smile，“I need your help． Let's create the dollhouse together．”“But，Daddy，I don't know how，” said I．“That doesn't matter． I will teach you，” said my dad． So every night when he worked on the dollhouse，I would sit by his side and he would patiently and lovingly teach me how to make such a toy． It was really not easy，but our efforts paid off and we finally made it．
In all，it took one month of hard work by us． My joy was beyond description at that moment． Then I heard my dad saying，“I can build a lot of things，but I can't build your life． All I can do is to help you build your own．” I would always remember his words，so the dollhouse became the most special gift to me． Long after I gave up playing dolls，I would occasionally bring it down from the attic just to admire it and remember those days when we worked together to bring my dream to life．
课时提升作业(三)　(UNIT 1　Writing)
(总分：60分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Prefer your coffee black Then you probably like dark，bitter chocolate，according to new research identifying a genetic basis for those preferences．
If that's you，then congratulations—you are the lucky genetic winner of a sort that may offer you an advantage toward good health，according to caffeine researcher Marilyn Cornelis．Studies find moderate amounts of black coffee have been shown to lower the risk of certain diseases． But those benefits are likely to be more pronounced if the coffee is free of all of the milk，sugars and other fattening flavorings we tend to add．
In earlier research，Cornelis and her team discovered that a genetic variant (变体) may contribute to why some people enjoy numerous cups of coffee a day，while others do not．“People with the gene metabolize(新陈代谢) caffeine faster，so the stimulating effects disappear faster，and they need to drink more coffee，” she said．“This could explain why some individuals seem to be fine consuming a lot more coffee relative to someone else who might become very anxious，” she added．
In a new study，Cornelis analyzed more precise types of coffee drinkers，separating black coffee lovers from cream and sugar lovers．“We found coffee drinkers with the genetic variant that reflects a faster metabolism of caffeine prefer bitter，black coffee，” Cornelis said．“We also found the same genetic variant in people who prefer dark chocolate over the milk chocolate．”
Cornelis and her team didn't think the preference has anything to do with the taste of plain black coffee tea． Instead，she said，people with this gene prefer black coffee and tea because they like the bitter flavor with the boost in mental comfort they desire from caffeine．“It's possible that these people are just very sensitive to the effects of caffeine and they also have that learned behavior with other bitter foods．”
“Future studies will try to deal with the genetic preference for other bitter foods，” Cornelis said，“which are generally linked to more health benefits．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有些人喜欢喝黑咖啡的原因：他们是有基因偏爱的。
1．The earlier study is mainly about ________．
A．why coffee is refreshing
B．why bitter foods attract black coffee lovers
C．why coffee drinking habits vary among people
D．why black coffee is healthier than white coffee
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“In earlier research，Cornelis and her team discovered that a genetic variant may contribute to why some people enjoy numerous cups of coffee a day，while others do not．”可知，早期的研究主要是关于为什么不同的人喝咖啡的习惯不同。故选C。]
2．According to the text，which of the following is TRUE
A．The preference for black coffee may have a genetic basis．
B．People with the genetic variant are sensitive to sweet flavor．
C．Scientists found a certain genetic variant in milk chocolate lovers．
D．Coffee drinkers with the genetic variant show a slower metabolism of caffeine．
√
A　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“We found coffee drinkers with the genetic variant that reflects a faster metabolism of caffeine prefer bitter，black coffee”可知，人们对黑咖啡的偏爱可能有基因基础。故选A。]
3．Cornelis may agree that people prefer black coffee because of __________．
A．its bitter taste
B．faster metabolism of caffeine
C．the caffeine it has
D．the mental comfort it brings
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第五段的“Instead，she said，people with this gene prefer black coffee and tea because they like the bitter flavor with the boost in mental comfort they desire from caffeine．”可知，Cornelis认为人们喜欢黑咖啡是因为它能给人带来精神安慰。故选D。]
4．What might the researchers do next
A．Learn more about the health benefits associated with black coffee．
B．Cover more bitter foods with the genetic preference．
C．Analyze more precise types of coffee drinkers．
D．Know more learned behaviors people have．
√
B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，未来的研究将试图解决人们对其他苦味食物的基因偏好，说明接下来研究人员要探究有基因偏好的更多苦味食物。故选B。]
B
People eat more when they are glued to the television，and the more entertaining the program is，the more they eat，according to new research．
“It seems that distracted(分心的)brains do not notice what the mouth is doing，” said Dr． Alan Hirsch，neurological director of the Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago．
Hirsch explored the impact of smel l，taste and eating behaviors while watching TV by measuring potato chip consumption． Forty-five volunteers ate as many chips as they wanted every six minutes while they watched monologues (滔滔不绝的讲话) by late -night talk show hosts David Letterman and Jay Leno． They were still given chips to eat when the television was off． Hirsch found people ate an average of 44 percent more chips while watching Letterman and 42 percent more while viewing Leno，than when they did not watch TV．
“If you concentrate on how the food tastes，you'll eat less because you'll feel full faster，”Hirsch said in an interview at the Endocrine Society's annual meeting in Toronto．“So if that's the case，let's look at the opposite． What if you're distracted If you're distracted，in theory，then you'd eat more．”
Through his research at the foundation，Hirsch has helped people overcome the loss of sense of smell and sense of taste，which typically results in weight gain because the brain does not know when it should stop eating．
The ventromedial nucleus(腹内侧核)in the hypothalamus(下丘脑)，where the so- called satiety(饱腹感)center is located，tells the body whether it is hungry or full．“It is inhibited or tricked; the result can be changed in eating patterns，” he said．
“People who cook spaghetti all day don't feel like eating it at the end of the day，” said Hirsch．“By being exposed to a smell all day long it's tricking the hypothalamus．”
Volunteers were asked to concentrate on the sensory characteristics of the food such as taste and smell． Researchers say these sensory clues，in addition to inner body changes，mark satiety．
But when distracted，a person does not pay attention to either the body's sensations of feeling full，or to the sensory characteristics of the food．
Many studies have linked being fat to watching television and that link is likely due to inactivity，Hirsch said． But perhaps entertaining shows are also contributing．
“If you want to lose weight，turn off the television or watch something boring，” he said．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了看电视会让人吃得更多、体重增加及其产生的原因。
5．When Hirsch conducted the research，he __________．
A．evaluated the degree of the volunteers' loss of taste
B．measured the amount of the chips the volunteers ate
C．analyzed the volunteers' preference on TV programs
D．counted the minutes the volunteers spent on TV programs
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“Hirsch explored the impact of smell，taste and eating behaviors while watching TV by measuring potato chip consumption． (赫希博士通过测量薯片的摄入量，研究了看电视对嗅觉、味觉和饮食行为的影响。)”可知，当赫希进行这项研究时，他测量了志愿者吃薯片的量。故选B。]
6．According to the research，when will you feel full faster
A．When we are distracted．
B．When we focus on how the food tastes．
C．When we are watching entertaining programs．
D．When the brain doesn't know when it should stop eating．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“If you concentrate on how the food tastes，you'll eat less because you'll feel full faster(如果你把注意力集中在食物的味道上，你会吃得更少，因为你会更快地感到饱腹)”可知，当我们把注意力集中在食物的味道上时，我们会更容易感到饱腹。故选B。]
7．Why does the author mention“People who cook spaghetti all day don't feel like eating it at the end of the day”？
A．It tells us that eating spaghetti is inhabited．
B．It indicates that spaghetti doesn't taste good at the end of the day．
C．It tells us that people who cook spaghetti don't like eating spaghetti．
D．It shows that smell is“telling” the hypothalamus that the body is full．
√
D　[细节理解题。结合第六段的“The ventromedial nucleus in the hypothalamus，where the so-called satiety center is located，tells the body whether it is hungry or full． (下丘脑腹内侧核，也就是所谓的饱腹中枢所在的位置，会告诉身体它是饿了还是饱了。)”和第七段中“整天接触一种气味会欺骗下丘脑”可知，整天做意大利面的人在一天结束后就不想再吃意大利面，是因为气味“告诉”下丘脑，身体已经吃饱了。故选D。]
8．What is the main purpose of the article
A．To prove that being fat is linked to inactivity．
B．To reveal the relationship between TV programs and eating behaviors．
C．To explain why watching television makes people eat more and gain weight．
D．To find how sensory characteristics of the food affect people's feelings of eating．
√
C　[写作意图题。文章主要解释了看电视会让人吃得更多、体重增加及其产生的原因。故选C。]
Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华。针对食物浪费的现象，你校英语俱乐部拟举办主题为“爱惜食物，从我做起”的英语演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．食物浪费的现象及危害；
2．爱惜食物的做法；
3．你的倡议。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning，everyone． It's my great honor to be here and give a speech on saving food．_________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That's all． Thank you for listening．
[参考范文]
Good morning，everyone． It's my great honor to be here and give a speech on saving food．
At present，many students do not cherish food，and this phenomenon is very serious． If everyone does not cherish food，it will pose a major threat to food security． In order to let everyone develop a good habit of cherishing food，here are some suggestions． First of all，start with yourself and take action every day． Secondly，call on more students to cherish food． Finally，call on different social organizations
or groups to strengthen publicity activities on food conservation through different forms，so that ordinary people can contribute to food conservation together．
I hope that everyone can get together and jointly cherish food．
That's all． Thank you for listening．
Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was doing homework with my friend Ollie at his home when he randomly started scribbling (乱画) a fish．But not just any fish．This fish was riding a skateboard and blowing a bubble that said“I'd rather be skating！”I laughed and drew a sea star saying“Quit fooling around and get to work！”
Just then，Ollie's grandma Abuela and her friend Mr．Goldberg came into the kitchen．Mr．Goldberg was in charge of the local animal shelter．Abuela poured their tea and inquired about how things were going at the animal shelter．Mr．Goldberg sighed，shaking his head．He explained that not enough people were adopting pets，resulting in too many animals without homes．
Overhearing the conversation，Ollie offered to adopt some excitedly．But Abuela said that one noisy parrot was plenty for this house．
“Blue isn't noisy，” defended Ollie．“He's just musical．”
“I'd have a whole farm full of animals if I could，” I said．“But my parents say two cats and a hamster (仓鼠) are enough．”
Mr．Goldberg said he kept trying to attract people to adopt animals，but found it hard to get people's attention these days．Ollie drew a sad whale，and I wrote the words“Please adopt me” in the shape of a whale spout (喷水)．Mr．Goldberg took a look at our drawings and made favorable comments on them，saying that these clever talking animals just might grab people's attention．And he asked us if we were willing to design a poster for his animal shelter，a proposal we happily accepted．We decided to draw some ideas on our own and meet up again the next afternoon．
That night，when I was sitting in the living room brainstorming ideas for the poster，my little brother brought in our hamster，Mr．Nibbles，to give him a little run- around time．He made a hamster playground out of couch pillows and Mr．Nibbles began to run around merrily．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly，an idea formed in my mind．_____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We decided to make both Mr．Nibbles and Blue the stars of the poster．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Suddenly，an idea formed in my mind．Why not put Mr．Nibbles on the poster？I eagerly sketched out a design featuring Mr．Nibbles in a playful pose，promoting the joy of pet adoption．
“Want a pet to play with？Go get one in the local animal shelter．”I admired my work with great satisfaction．The next afternoon，Ollie came over with his notebook．His design was centered on his parrot，Blue，who was singing beautifully“Oh！Be our hero！Give shelter pets a chance to be loved！”We exchanged a smile and engaged in a discussion about the final draft of the poster．
We decided to make both Mr．Nibbles and Blue the stars of the poster． Combining my playful hamster and Ollie's melodious parrot，we created a vibrant and eye-catching design．After adding the final touches，we proudly presented our final creation to Mr．Goldberg．His face lit up as he praised the creativity and heartfelt message behind our design．A couple of months later，Mr．Goldberg shared the exciting news that lots of people had come in after seeing the poster．And some of them decided to donate or adopt！We hadn't expected our poster would cause such a sensation，but we did know our small bit of help would create a meaningful ripple．
谢 谢！