【学霸笔记：同步精讲】10 UNIT 2 Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading) 课件--译林版英语选择性必修第一册

(共66张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新”　打通应考之“脉”
Period 3　课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading)
UNIT 2　
The universal language
主题语境 人与社会——音乐领域的代表性作品和人物
(1)deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
deserve to do sth． 值得做某事，应该做某事
deserve doing＝deserve to be done＝deserve＋相应名词
值得被做，应该做
(2)deserved adj． 应得的；该受的；理所应当的
deserving adj． 应得的；值得的
1．deserve vt．值得，应得
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句型转换
①He works very hard and deserves ________ (get) the prize．
②The money saved could be used for more ___________ (deserve) causes．
③She cheated during the exam and deserved to be punished．
→She cheated during the exam and deserved ____________________．
to get
deserving
punishing/punishment
tear out　　　　　 撕下，扯下，拔起
tear up 撕碎，拔起
tear down 撕下，拆毁
tear at sth． 撕扯某物
tear sth．open 把某物撕开
tear sth．to/into pieces 把某物撕成碎片
2．tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
[即学即练]　完成句子
①这本书的前几页被人撕掉了。
The first pages of this book were __________ by someone．
②很多树被大风拔起了。
Many trees were _____________ by strong winds．
③她一看完就把信撕碎了。
She _________ the letter the moment she read it．
④工人们把旧房拆了，在原址建起了新房。
The workmen ___________ the old house and built a new one in its place．
torn out
torn out/up
tore up
tore down
(1)whisper to sb．　　 与某人耳语，向某人小声说
whisper sth．in one's ear 附在某人耳朵上说
It is/was whispered that... 据秘密传言……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地
give sb．the whisper 对某人耳语，给某人以暗示
3．whisper vi．& vt．耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n．低语；轻柔的声音；传言
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He whispered ____ her so that no one else would hear．
②It is whispered ______ his business is falling．
③她太紧张了以致于总是忘记要说什么，而且她几乎是低声说话。
She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she _______________________________________．
to
that
spoke almost in a whisper/in whispers
(1)transform A into B　　 使A变成B
transform into 转变成
be transformed into 被变成
transform sth．/sb．from sth．into sth．
把某物/某人从某物转变成某物
(2)transformation n． (外观或性质的)改变，变革
4．transform vi．& vt．(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Ten years of hard work transformed Mathilde completely ______ an ordinary housewife．
②The company has been transformed ______ a family business into one with 3，000- strong workforce．
③What a ________________ (transform)！You look great．
into
from
transformation
(1)rely on/upon sb．/sth． doing sth．/to do sth．
指望某人或某物做某事
rely on/upon it that... 相信……；指望……
(2)reliable adj． 可信赖的；可依靠的
5．rely on依赖，依靠；信任
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句型转换
①You can rely on him _______________________ (respond) to a challenge．
②We are looking for someone who is __________ (rely) and hard-working．
③You can rely on me to help you when you are in trouble．
→_________________________________________________________ (it作形式宾语)
to respond/responding
reliable
You can rely on/upon it that I will help you when you are in trouble．
(1)surround vt．　　　　 围绕，环绕
surround...with... 使……包围……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
(2)surrounding adj． 周围的
6．surroundings n． 周围，环境
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The development of the site will have implications for the _____________ (surround) countryside．
②Lakes，____________ (surround) by vast grasslands，look like jewels．
③我逐渐意识到成功的关键在于努力让我自己周围都是有创造力的人。
I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to ______________ ________________________．
surrounding
surrounded
surround myself
with creative people
(1)guarantee to do sth． 　　 保证做某事
guarantee sb．sth． /guarantee sth．to sb．
保证某人得到某物
be guaranteed to do sth． 肯定会做某事
(2)give sb．a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺
under guarantee 保修期内
7．guarantee vt．保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n．保证，担保；保修单
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The car is less than a year old，and therefore still _______ guarantee．
②Nurses in training should be given ___ guarantee of employment following qualification．
③如果你对购买的商品不满意，我们保证退款。
We ________________________________ if you're not delighted with your purchase．
under
a
guarantee to refund your money
adapt vt．　　　　　 使适应；改编
adapt (oneself) to 适应
adapt sth．for sth． 改编为；使某事物适应或适合
be adapted from 由……改编
8．adaptation n． 改编本，改写本；适应
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The film has been adapted ______ a play of the same title．
②The author is going to adapt his play _____ television．
③这位老人辞职后，正努力使自己适应新的生活。
Having resigned from his position，the old man is trying to _______________________________．
from
for
adapt himself to his new life
　　　　　　 在于；存在于
consistent adj． 一致的
be consistent with 和……一致
9．consist of 由……组成(或构成)
[名师点津]　consist of没有被动语态。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①True education does not consist ____ simply being taught facts．
②Their diet consisted largely ____ vegetables．
③生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。
Life mainly _____________ happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow ____________ struggle． Remember that your ideal life is not always _________________ reality．
in
of
consists of
consist in
consistent with
(1)defend sb．/sth． from/against... 保护某人/某物免受……
defend oneself 自卫/为自己辩护
(2)defence n． 防卫；防守；辩护
in defence of... 为了防卫……；为……辩护
10．defend vt．& vi． 保护，防御；辩白，辩解
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①All our officers are trained to defend themselves ______________ knife attacks．
②What points can be raised in _________ (defend) of this argument
③面对危险的攻击，母亲冲过去保护她的孩子。
The mother rushed there ___________________________________ when faced with the dangerous attack．
against/from
defence
to defend/in defence of her child
[句式分析]
本句中的as if whispering to the audience是由as if引导的方式状语从句，省略了the music is。
1．状语从句的省略
(教材P16)When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience．
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，乐曲轻快悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
[例1]She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if (she was) in defence．
她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。
[例2]The girl left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry．
女孩匆忙离开房间，好像很生气的样子。
[归纳拓展]
(1)在含有状语从句的复合句中，如果状语从句的主语和句子主语一致，谓语出现be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be省略。
(2)在含有状语从句的复合句中，如果状语从句中出现了it is/was的形式，可以把it is/was省略。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①When ___________ (complete)，the museum will be open to the public next year．
②贾森不时地转过身来，好像在找人。
From time to time，Jason turned round ________________________．
③他停了下来，环顾四周，好像要看看他走的方向是否正确。
He stopped and looked around ______________ whether he went in the right direction．
completed
as if searching for someone
as if to see
2．形容词作状语
(教材P16)Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies．
梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。
[句式分析]
本句中的angry and sad作状语，表示原因。形容词作状语表示原因、时间、伴随情况或结果，并不表达动词的方式。大多与所修饰的句子用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。
[例1]After the war，the soldiers returned home，safe and sound．
战争结束后，那些士兵安然无恙地回到了家。
[例2]Seeing the snake，all the frightened girls stood there，unable to speak．
看到那条蛇，所有女孩都站在那里，吓得说不出话来。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①These travellers returned to the hotel，tired and ________ (sleep)．
②他们既激动又感动，哭着拥抱在一起。
___________________，they wept and hugged each other．
③他谦逊、随和，很快就使大家一点也不紧张了。
________________________，he soon put everyone at ease．
sleepy
Excited and moved
Modest and easy- going
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．He lay on the bed，staring at the roof，___________ (exhaust)．
2．He was determined to refuse to speak English unless ________ (force) to．
3．Despite anything the science of medicine may have achieved，the immune system is our main _________ (defend) against disease．
4．Mars has an insubstantial atmosphere，____________ (consist) of carbon dioxide．
exhausted
forced
defence
consisting
5．There was also concern about the ____________ (adapt) of laws exercise．
6．Under exceptional conditions，the method is guaranteed __________ (succeed)．
7．They are really trustworthy．So you can rely ____ it that they will finish their work ahead of time．
8．The child felt surrounded _________ kindness and encouragement from his teachers．
adaptation
to succeed
on
with/by
9．The two little girls tittered and whispered ____ each other．
10．In some of those cases，America had specific complaints which deserved ___________________________________________(consider)．
to
consideration/considering/to be considered
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．作为一名交换学生，在英国我曾经无法适应新环境。
I once，as an exchange student，_______________________________ _____________ in the UK．
2．由于尴尬和害羞，我变得越来越悲观。
_____________________，I became more and more pessimistic．
3．是音乐把我变成了一个积极的人。
It was music that _______________________________________．
couldn't adapt to the new
environment
Embarrassed and shy
transformed me into a positive person
4．每当我情绪低落时，我就依靠音乐让我自己镇定下来。
I _________________________________ whenever I'm in low spirits．
5．听音乐感觉就像有人在我耳边低语，鼓励我。
Listening to music feels like ___________________________________ ___________．
rely on music to compose myself
someone whispering encouragement in
my ear
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
The concerto Butterfly Lovers takes us through the story of a young couple． The beautiful piece of music tells us 1．___________(differ) moods，first light and 2．__________(please)，then fast and cheerful，next dramatic with 3．_________(heavy) notes and finally bittersweet．
Butterfly Lovers is a perfect 4．_____________(combine) of Chinese and Western musical elements，5．_______ is played on Western 6．_____________(instrument) such as the violin，but has its roots in Chinese Yue Opera．
different
pleasant
heavier
combination
which
instruments
Country music grew out of such music types 7．____ the blues and folk music． It became popular in the south of America in 8．_____ 1940s and then spread across the whole country． The tunes are easy 9．_________(sing)，and the lyrics often leave you deep in 10．_________(think)． Most of the songs are about hardship and heartbreak． It makes you think of the peaceful green fields and simple life of the countryside．
as
the
to sing
thought
课时提升作业(四)　(UNIT 2 Reading)
(总分：45分)
Ⅰ．单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．I recognize the ______ (曲子) but I can't put a name to it．
2．The survey was carried out in both urban and _______ (乡村的) areas．
3．He really likes working in pleasant ______________ (环境)．
4．Career success is no ___________ (保证) of happiness．
5．The newspaper continues to ________ (保护) its publication of the photographs．
tune
rural
surroundings
guarantee
defend
Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Reading the newly- published novel _________ (write) by a famous writer makes me pleasant．
2．The park was full of people __________ (enjoy) themselves in the beautiful surroundings．
3．To tell you the truth，______ impressed me most was the beauty of the city．
written
enjoying
what
4．Jill crossed her legs and rested her chin on one fist，as if ______ (lose) in deep thought．
5．It was several factors that combined _____________(generate) the dramatic effect．
lost
to generate
Ⅲ．阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
The Guide to the Lively Arts
Take My Candidate...Please! A Comedy With Songs
Capitol Comedy serves up a humor -filled plate of hard truths，sparing no one from left，right or center． It's all done in the spirit of fun by this troupe of exceptionally gifted sketch performers，singers and impressionists．
Adults $40；Seniors $30；Students $25．
Friday，September 8th，7：00 PM． Saturday，September 9th，7：00 PM． Sunday，September 10th，2：00 PM．
Scott Fitzgerald Theatre 603 Edmonston Drive Rockville，MD 20851．
Visit Fscottfitzgerald．com． for more details．
Listen Live at the Lincoln The US Army Chorus
Join the Army Chorus for a night of music under the stars with hits from the Broadway stage and screen． Bring a blanket or low- back chair and sit on the steps or plaza for a FREE hour- long evening of music as the sun sets and the monuments begin to glow．
Saturday，August 5th，8：00 PM．
Lincoln Memorial Cir，NW Washington，D．C．
More information at Usarmychorus．com．
Army Blues Concerts at the Capitol
Don‘t miss the greatest jazz band in the land! The U．S． Army Blues presents a program of jazz，swing，and so on． All concerts are FREE；bring a chair or blanket and enjoy world- class music under Washington，D．C． skies．
Friday，August 4th，8：00 PM．
West Side of US Capitol 1st St，NW，Washington，D．C．
Check full schedule at Usarmyband．com．
Artists & Makers Studios support local artists!
There are over 80 local artists，41 working studios，and 3 gallery spaces． The exhibitions include“The　Coming of Middle Age” which is definitely a stunning　showcase of art and history． Besides，the interactive displays will make your visit a truly immersive experience． And the entrance and parking are free!
Monday -Saturday，10：00 AM to 4：00 PM from August 2nd to August 24th．
Artists & Makers Studios 11810 Park lawn Drive Rockville，MD
Check at ArtistsMakersStudios．com．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些可以享受到现场音乐艺术的剧院或演唱会，并介绍了相关信息，如时间、地址等。
1．Which of the four shows do you have to pay for
A．Army Blues
B．Take My Candidate...Please!
C．Listen Live at the Lincoln
D．Artists & Makers Studios
√
B　[细节理解题。根据Take My Candidate...Please! A Comedy With Songs中的“Adults $40; Seniors $30; Students $25．”可知，Take My Candidate...Please! 这一戏剧是收费的。故选B。]
2．What website should a big fan of jazz visit
A．ArtistsMakersStudios．com．
B．Usarmychorus．com．
C．Usarmyband．com．
D．Fscottfitzgerald．com．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据Army Blues Concerts at the Capitol中的“Don't miss the greatest jazz band in the land! The US Army Blues presents a program of jazz，swing，and big band favas．”和“Check full schedule at Usarmyband．com．”可知，该音乐会是这个国家最伟大的爵士乐队，因此爵士乐迷可以访问该演唱会的网站Usarmyband．com．。故选C。]
3．When can an art lover view the exhibits in the Artists & Makers Studios
A．September 9th，10：00 AM．
B．August 5th，8：00 PM．
C．August 6th，2：00 PM．
D．August 8th，11：00 AM．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据Artists & Makers Studios support local artists！中的“Monday－Saturday，10：00 AM to 4：00 PM from August 2nd to August 24th．”可知，该工作室的开放时间是8月2日至8月24日中的周一至周六，上午10：00至下午4：00。又根据Army Blues Concerts at the Capitol中的“Friday，August 4th，8：00 PM． (8月4日，周五，晚上8点)”可知，选项C的8月6日是周日，该工作室不开放。选项D“August 8th，11：00AM．( 8月8日上午11点)”属于该工作室的开放范围。故选D。]
B
Music is often thought of as“easy” or“playtime”，but it's not that at all． Music plays a very important part in our education．
Students who learn music learn a lot of music history at school． This includes“modes(调式)”，which were used in some special occasions during the development of music． They are still used today． Students learn about the historical events that were taking place when the music they play was written． They learn what the music was used for． So much of our culture is in music and has been for centuries．
Music also helps with science． Students use science to help them discover what sounds good together and what doesn't． Students also need science to understand something called the“overtone series”，which is about how music is produced by vibration(颤动) and why．
Students learn a lot about languages． Many songs are written in other languages，including ancient ones． Students must learn to translate these works to understand what they are singing about． Some songs are famous poems or short works set to music．
Students learn a huge amount of coordination(协调) through music，so parts of the body can work better together． Students must use fine motor skills in order to play an instrument． Singers and players must learn breath control and be in good shape to play．
Students learn about art． Some famous pieces were written about important works of art，and students learn about the artists and styles as they're playing the music．
Music education also brings higher thinking to our children． It allows them to think about complex patterns (How can I make my part sound better？How do this music and these different parts fit together？)． Students have to know absolutely(完全地) what every other musician does at all times． In that way，it develops teamwork．
As one can see，music is very important to education besides bringing us fun．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章重点说明了音乐对各门学科学习的帮助，表明了音乐教育的重要性。
4．Learning music is helpful to the following subjects EXCEPT __________．
A．science　　　　　　　　 B．language
C．politics D．history
√
C　[细节理解题。第二段说明音乐在历史学科上的帮助；第三段说明其在自然科学方面的帮助；第四段说明其在语言方面的帮助。文中没有提到政治。故选C。]
5．Why students who learn music have to translate songs
A．Because they are learning the language．
B．Because they must understand what they are singing about．
C．Because the songs are ancient ones．
D．Because they are famous poems．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“学生们一定要把这些作品翻译过来，因为他们需要理解他们所唱的内容”可知答案。故选B。]
6．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Modes are still used in modern music．
B．Culture is in music and has been for centuries．
C．It's easier for athletes to learn to play an instrument．
D．A good musician should know the importance of teamwork．
√
C　[细节理解题。文中没有提到运动员与学习乐器之间的关系，故C项是不正确的。故选C。]
7．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The importance of music．
B．The importance of music education．
C．Ways to learn music well．
D．Skills that music students should have．
√
B　[主旨大意题。全文重点说明了音乐对各门学科学习的帮助，故B项“音乐教育的重要性”切题。故选B。]
Ⅳ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
There are two types of party attendees (参加者): Those who count the minutes until they can go home，and those who stay until the early hours of morning．
Regardless of which category you fall into，though，you must have secretly wondered about the best time to head out the door． 1 Not only do you want to avoid being impolite，but you also don't want to overstay your welcome． Thankfully，Thomas Blaikie can help you out with this delicate matter．
According to Blaikie，there is a golden time to leave the gathering without appearing rude． 2 If it's a sit- down dinner party，but you have to leave for something urgent，you should remain until all courses have been served． It's considered rude to leave before dessert． 3 Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15 pm． Don't be the last person to leave．
4 Chatting with a drink in your hand can easily make you lose track of the time． And don't worry about hurting your host if you must turn down an offer． After all，your host is tired out．
This advice depends on how well you know your host，of course． 5 He also might appreciate it if you stayed behind to help clean up． In that case，you'll need to know the best cleaning tips for a dinner party．
A．As for the weekends
B．On a weeknight，it is best to leave at 10：30 pm．
C．Undoubtedly，they have spent much time on the party．
D．Thank the host for the party when you are ready to leave．
E．Blaikie recommends politely turning down any after- dinner drinks．
F．A good friend might be hurt if you did happen to turn down an offer．
G．Finding the most natural moment to leave the party can be an art form．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论的是什么时候离开聚会最合适以及如何拒绝主人的餐后邀请。
1．G　[空前“Regardless of which category you fall into，though，you must have secretly wondered about the best time to head out the door．”谈到人们参加聚会时都思考过什么时候离开最合适。空后“Not only do you want to avoid being impolite，but you also don't want to overstay your welcome．”谈到既要避免不礼貌地过早离开，又要考虑不过度逗留。对应G选项“找到离开聚会最自然的时间可能是一种艺术形式”。故选G。]
2．B　[空前“According to Blaikie，there is a golden time to leave the gathering without appearing rude．”谈到了礼仪专家Blaikie认为礼貌地离开聚会有一个黄金时间，因此本段应该谈离开聚会的具体时间。根据后文内容可知，本空谈在工作日的晚上聚会的话，10：30是离开的黄金时间。故选B。]
3．A　[上文说了工作日离开的最佳时间，结合本空后面一句“Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15 pm．”实际上回答了如果在周末晚上聚会的话，什么时候离开最合适的问题。故选A。]
4．E　[根据空后的内容“Chatting with a drink in your hand can easily make you lose track of the time．”和“After all，your host is tired out．”可知，本段在谈应该拒绝关于餐后饮品的邀请，因为这样会把控不了时间，况且主人也很累了。因此E选项作为本段主题句是最恰当的。故选E。]
5．F　[本段第一句“This advice depends on how well you know your host，of course．”谈到了这些建议要根据你对主人的了解程度来使用。本空后面的“He also might appreciate it if you stayed behind to help clean up． In that case，you'll need to know the best cleaning tips for a dinner party．”暗示了好朋友可能真的希望你留下来帮助他清理。据此可推知，如果你拒绝餐后的邀请，你的好朋友可能会伤心。故选F。]
谢 谢！