课时提升作业(五)
Ⅰ．1．abandon 2．enthusiastic 3．swept 4．streaming 5．geniuses
Ⅱ．1．with ease 2．broke into 3．a variety of 4．all of a sudden 5．streamed into
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
B B C A
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D C A D C B D C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
B A C D D A A
Ⅴ．1．longer 2．to see 3．dying 4．is 5．than 6．that/which 7．causes 8．strengthen 9．energetic 10．it
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在跑步时听具有个性化的音乐可以帮助人们对抗精神疲劳，提高表现。
1．B [推理判断题。根据第二段的“Based on practical experience，a recent study provides new evidence that listening to music while running on a treadmill fights with mental tiredness and improves performance．”可推知，第一段提出的问题是为了引入本文所要讨论的话题——跑步时听个性化音乐可以对抗精神疲劳，提高表现。故选B。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For this study，researchers... in a mentally tired state．”可知，实验是在跑步者精神状态疲惫的情况下进行的。由此可知，设计实验时考虑了跑步者的精神状态。故选B。]
3．C [推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“The researchers found that ‘listening to self selected music... when listening to music’．”可推知，最后两段引用Shaun Phillips说的话是为了进一步阐明研究结果。故选C。]
4．A [主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了在跑步时听具有个性化的音乐可以帮助人们对抗精神疲劳，提高表现，即个性化音乐让跑步者不那么疲惫。故选A。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乐器的起源及其发展历史。
1．D [ across time表示“穿越时空的”，本句指“音乐被称为穿越时空的声音”，即在不同时间都可以响起。]
2．C [根据下文的提示“high or low”等可知，此处用soft和loud对应。]
3．A [本句意为“声音要成为音乐，需要以一种模式持续一段时间”。 此处描述声音如何演变成音乐的。]
4．D [根据下文“As with language”可知，此处是用音乐和语言作比较。]
5．C [本句表示“不同音乐都有自己的规则，并以特有的方式跟我们‘对话’。”音乐的声音如同在跟我们讲话，用speak对应上文的“a human form of communication”。]
6．B [根据下文，可以判断本段介绍音乐是如何产生的。]
7．D [根据下文列举的例子：收庄稼和划船，这些都是“重复动作”的劳作，人们在动作重复中歌唱以便让工作进行得快些。]
8．C [根据上一题，人们不断重复劳作的时候自然是选择工作中合适的时间歌唱。]
9．B [根据下文，本段讲述乐器的形成。]
10．A [根据上文的“clapping their hands”可知，此处是feet。]
11．C [本句是讲木棍或者其他器具开始取代人类肢体作为乐器使用。]
12．D [参见上题解析。]
13．D [根据下文的“harder”可知，这里是“更复杂的”。]
14．A [结合空格所在句和下文的“Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create，perform，and understand．”可知，这里是指一般老百姓可以欣赏的民间音乐。]
15．A [根据上文的“harder to write and perform”可知，此处表示“需要大量训练”。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步的多种好处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。
1．longer [考查比较等级。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。故填longer。]
2．to see [考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。故填to see。]
3．dying [考查非谓语动词。短语reduce one's risk of...意为“降低某人……的风险”，此处介词of后用动词 ing形式作宾语。故填dying。]
4．is [考查时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it。故填is。]
5．than [考查介词。根据句中的“more”可知，此处应用介词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。故填than。]
6．that/which [考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，且定语从句中缺少主语。故填关系代词that/which。]
7．causes [考查名词复数。此处cause是可数名词，意为“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，后应用可数名词的复数形式。故填causes。]
8．strengthen [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应用动词strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。故填strengthen。]
9．energetic [考查词性转换。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“精力充沛的，充满活力的”。故填energetic。]
10．it [考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running。故填it。]
1 / 3课时提升作业(五) (UNIT 2 Grammar and usage & Extended reading)
(总分：55分)
Ⅰ．单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．Their decision to _________ (放弃) the trip was made because of lacking money．
2．The people in the rural village are so ______________ (热情的) that they are willing to help every visitor．
3．The typhoon _______ (横扫) the roofs of many houses，causing great damage to the local people．
4．A crowd of enthusiastic music lovers were ___________ (涌动) into the theatre in the early morning．
5．After several generations，some __________ (天才) are born to rewrite history．
Ⅱ．选词填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
stream into，break into，all of a sudden，a variety of，with ease
1．Thanks to your timely help，we were able to finish the work ___________．
2．When the father saw his lost child safe，he ____________ tears．
3．There is no denying that there are ______________ festivals in China，among which the Spring Festival stands out．
4．The earthquake happened _________________ on a dark night in the rural area．
5．They _______________ the room when they heard their favourite star was there．
Ⅲ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Do you listen to music at the gym Today，most gym goers like to wear head phones and listen to self selected music while they're doing exercise． Why do songs from personalized playlists seem to increase motivation and make intense exercise more enjoyable when someone is walking or jogging
Based on practical experience，a recent study provides new evidence that listening to music while running on a treadmill(跑步机) fights with mental tiredness and improves performance． According to a news release，this study is“the first to investigate the effect of listening to music playlists on long distance running capacity and performance when mentally tired”． These findings were published online ahead of print on June 22．
For this study，researchers from the University of Edinburgh had a group of experienced runners do a high intensity 5 kilometre treadmill run with and without self selected motivational music after they'd performed a series of cognitive(认知的) exams designed to put them in a mentally tired state． The researchers found that“listening to self selected music in a mentally tired state reduces the negative impact of mental tiredness on their running capacity and performance，potentially due to changed perception of effort when listening to music”．
“Mental tiredness is a common occurrence for many of us and can negatively impact many of our day to day activities，including exercise． Finding safe and effective ways to reduce this negative impact is，therefore，useful，” Shaun Phillips of Edinburgh's Moray House School said in the news release．
“The findings indicate that listening to personalized motivational music may be a useful strategy to help active people improve their endurance running capacity and performance when mentally tired，” he added．“This positive impact of self selected music could help people to better keep the quality and beneficial impact of their exercise sessions．”
1．What's the function of the questions in paragraph 1
A．To make a comparison．
B．To lead in the topic．
C．To make a prediction．
D．To ask for information．
2．What was taken into consideration in the experiment design
A．Runners' cognitive levels．
B．Runners' mental states．
C．Runners' running ability．
D．Runners' music preference．
3．Why does the author quote Shaun Phillips' words in the last two paragraphs
A．To describe the experimental process．
B．To explore ways to enhance sports performance．
C．To further clarify the result of the finding．
D．To explain the harmful effects of mental tiredness．
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．Personalized music makes runners less tired．
B．Motivational music cheers runners up．
C．Self selected music maintains life quality．
D．Self selected music treats mental illnesses．
Ⅳ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Music is part of every culture on the Earth，which can be pleasant，sad，romantic，sleepy，healing—all kinds of things． But what is it Some people call it an art that sounds 1 time． Our ears receive it as loud or 2 ,_high or low，rapid and short，or slow and fast． The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become 3 ．
Music，like 4 ，is a human form of communication． As with language，there are many different kinds． In North America，people listen to jazz，rock，classical，folk，country，and many other kinds of music． Each kind of music has its own rules and“ 5 ” to us in its own way．
No one knows for sure when music 6 ． Perhaps while working，people sang to make it go faster． People who were 7 movements—picking crops or rowing boats，for example—could sing in time 8 for the work． Navajo Indians，for example，had corn grinding songs．
Over time，people 9 musical instruments． They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 10 ． Sticks and objects that rattled (碰响) could have 11 the human body as early 12 ． Both instruments and music became more complex (复杂) with time．
Today，music in many cultures consists of art music and music of the people． Art music，which we call classical music，is more 13 than the music of the people— 14 music and popular music． Art music is generally harder to write and perform． Musicians who perform it need a lot of 15 ． Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create，perform，and understand．
1．A．in B．over
C．against D．across
2．A．small B．noisy
C．soft D．distant
3．A．music B．tune
C．symphony D．masterpiece
4．A．breath B．jazz
C．chorus D．language
5．A．weeps B．turns
C．speaks D．whispers
6．A．recorded B．began
C．composed D．transformed
7．A．possessing B．accompanying
C．combining D．repeating
8．A．gifted B．particular
C．suitable D．dramatic
9．A．defended B．developed
C．deserved D．guaranteed
10．A．feet B．faces
C．volumes D．rhythms
11．A．overcome B．swept
C．replaced D．steamed
12．A．images B．adaptation
C．music D．instruments
13．A．essential B．impressive
C．unusual D．complicated
14．A．folk B．rural
C．jazz D．grand
15．A．training B．encouragement
C．reputation D．expectation
Ⅴ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years 1．________ (long) than non runners． You don't have to run fast or for long 2．________ (see) the benefit． You may drink，smoke，be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3．________ (die) early by running．
While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it 4．________ (be) more effective at lengthening life 5．________ walking，cycling or swimming． Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6．________ showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7．________ (cause)．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do． But otherwise... it's probably running． To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to 8．________ (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes． Running is cheap，easy and it's always 9．________ (energy)． If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give 10．________ a try．
1 / 5
