湖南省武冈市城东中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语摸底检测试卷（含答案）

湖南省武冈市城东中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学
英语摸底检测试卷
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题，共6分）
[6分]Summer breeze carries the sound of laughter from Pine Ridge Summer Camp, a place where kids aged 10 to 16 spend two weeks exploring, learning, and making lifelong memories. Unlike ordinary summer programs, this camp offers a mix of adventure, creativity, and skill-building activities that cater to various interests.Wilderness Survival:
Our most popular course! Led by expert guides, campers master real-life skills: start a fire without matches, spot edible plants, and build shelters with branches and leaves. “Last year, a group used these skills to stay safe when lost — priceless lessons!” says camp director Mr. Peterson. Arts & Crafts:
The crafts cabin is always buzzing! Make seashell jewelry from the nearby lake, paint vibrant murals on cabin walls, or even star in a play — with costumes you sew yourself! This year: a magical adaptation of a classic fairy tale. Roles for actors, set designers, and more! Water Fun:
Beat the heat at our huge lake! Kayak, paddleboard, swim, or join our weekly fishing contest — land the biggest catch and win a shiny special badge. “My counselor taught me to bait a hook — I’m winning this year!” says 12-year-old Lily. Evenings to Cherish:
Gather around the campfire, share stories, sing songs, and roast marshmallows. It’s where friendships bloom. “I’ve made friends from across the country—we text all year!” says 14-year-old Jamal, a third-time camper.
1．（2分）What is the age range of the kids who attend Pine Ridge Summer Camp
A．8 to 14
B．10 to 16
C．12 to 18
D．6 to 12
2．（2分）Which course is the most popular at the camp
A．Arts & Crafts
B．Water Fun
C．Wilderness Survival
D．Evenings to Cherish
3．（2分）What can campers NOT do in the Arts & Crafts activity
A．Make seashell jewelry
B．Paint murals on cabin walls
C．Perform in a play with self-sewn costumes
D．Go fishing in the nearby lake
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共3小题，共36分）
[12分]Two powerful NASA telescopes have detected the oldest and most distant black hole ever found. Data collected via energetic X-rays by the Chandra X-ray Observatory and James Webb Space Telescope has helped astronomers spot the signature of a growing black hole within the early universe just 470 million years after the big bang, which occurred 13.8 billion years ago. The discovery, described in a study published in Nature Astronomy, may help astronomers figure out how some of the first supermassive black holes formed in the universe.
“We needed Webb to find this remarkably distant galaxy (星系) and Chandra to find its supermassive black hole, “ said lead study author Akos Bogdan, in a statement. ”We also took advantage of a cosmic magnifying glass (宇宙放大镜) that boosted the amount of light we detected. “ He was referring to an effect called gravitational lensing (引力透镜效应), which occurs when closer objects act like a magnifying glass for distant objects. Gravity essentially twists and strengthens the light of distant galaxies in the background of whatever is doing the magnifying, enabling observations of otherwise invisible features.
Astronomers detected the black hole in a galaxy called UHZ1. At first glance, the galaxy appeared in the same direction as a cluster of galaxies known as Abell 2744, which is located about 3. 5 billion light-years from Earth. But data collected by the Webb telescope showed that UHZl is actually much farther away and located beyond the cluster at 13. 2 billion light-years from Earth.
The team used the Chandra Observatory to detect superheated gas releasing X-rays within UHZ1, the obvious sign of a supermassive black hole growing in size. The detection was made possible by the Abell cluster of galaxies, which intensified the light of the UHZ1 galaxy and the X-rays released by the black hole by a factor of four.
Astronomers think the discovery will help them better understand how supermassive black holes appeared and reached their huge masses so soon after the beginning of the universe.
4．（3分）What’s the possible age of the newly-found black hole
A．470 million years. B．13.33 billion years.
C．13. 8 billion years. D．14. 27 billion years.
5．（3分）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The process of the research.
B．The significance of the discovery.
C．The contributors to the discovery.
D．The background of the research.
6．（3分）Which best shows the position of Abell 2744, Earth and UHZ1
A． B．
C． D．
7．（3分）Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Oldest and Most Distant Black Hole Spotted.
B．Two Powerful NASA Telescopes Coming into Service.
C．New Supporting Evidence of the Big Bang Theory Detected.
D．Astronomers Figuring Out How the First Black Holes Formed.
[12分]In a stimulating interview with the philosopher Daniel Dennett in Living on Earth, Dennett shared that Charles Darwin and Alan Turing might make the same discovery. Darwin showed how you can get the appearance of purpose and design out of blind processes of natural selection. And Turing said that any computable problem can be computed by a machine without understanding.
The host then voiced a concern: as AI advances, machines will come to lord over us. Dennett acknowledges there’s a takeover risk but claims it’s misunderstood. The risk is not that machines will become autonomous rulers but that we will depend too much on machines.
The main issue with AI is not intelligence but autonomy. At the end of the day, even the smartest computers are our tools, and their intentions are ours. Or, to the extent that we can speak of their intentions at all—for example, the intention of a self-driving car to avoid an obstacle—we have in mind something it’s designed to do.
Our growing dependence on technologies doesn’t mean we are losing our natural autonomy in quite this sense. Our needs remain. But it is a loss of autonomy. Even auto mechanics these days rely on computers and, in the era of self-driving cars, will any of us still know how to drive Think what would happen if we lost electricity We’d be thrown back into the 19th century, as Dennett says. But things would be worse, as we lack know-how that made it possible for our ancestors to live well in the olden days.
The truth is, we’ve been technological since our dawn as a species. We first found ourselves in the archaeological record where we saw a great exposition of tools, technologies, art-making and language. In a sense, being human means being like a cyborg, which is a technological extension of our natural selves. This suggests that at any time in our development, a large-scale breakdown in the technological system would spell not exactly our doom, but our complete reorganization.
Perhaps what makes our current dilemma unprecedented (史无前例的) is the fact that we are so closely networked. When the library of Alexandria burned down, books and knowledge were lost. But in a world where libraries are replaced by their online versions, it isn’t unimaginable that every library could be simply deleted.
What happens to us then
8．（3分）Which of the following statements might Dennett most likely agree with
A．AI’s development is bounded. B．AI doesn’t have comprehension.
C．AI might be overly relied on. D．AI’s evolution resembles natural selection.
9．（3分）Which of the following examples best matches the idea of “know-how” in paragraph 4
A．A farmer crafts a table with ancient tools. B．A nobleman hires servants to do housework.
C．A chef prepares a dish with electronic aids. D．A student uses a calculator for math tasks.
10．（3分）Why did the author mention libraries in paragraph 6
A．To show the technological stability. B．To emphasize the technological weakness.
C．To prove the technological safeguard. D．To illustrate the technological transformation.
11．（3分）What would be the best title for the text
A．Is the Concern Artificial Intelligence or Autonomy
B．How will Technology Breakdown Change Our Lives
C．How does the Human-Technology Relationship Develop
D．Will Artificial Autonomy Threaten Humanity’s Existence
[12分]Motivational quotes. Videos of Steve Jobs saying absolutely anything. A short part of a film is showing that a baby elephant is being rescued from a river. You do not have to scroll (滚屏) for long on LinkedIn, a networking site supposedly for people at work, to find “inspirational” content. But for leaders interested in how to motivate the people around them, there is a better option-a book titled Inspire, by Adam Galinsky.
At some level, advice on how to inspire staff is silly. It’s usually blindingly obvious — be good at your job, be passionate about the organization, make people and leadership teams feel valued. But believe me, you can find more insights in Galinsky’s book. For example, lots of firms use a succession of abstract words to convey their goal, such as “change”, “innovate” and “connect”. The result is less a mission than a mood. But Inspire really helps you out.
Mr Galinsky cites an experiment that showed the effect of more concrete language, in which teams were asked to design toys and given a vision statement to guide their behavior. The result showed that teams who were handed a statement with more visual language — to create toys that make wide-eyed kids laugh and proud parents smile — produced more engaging toys than teams who were given something more generic (通用的).
The most striking idea in Mr. Galinsky’s book is that instead of bosses motivating people from above, individuals can motivate themselves. And a study conducted recently supports this claim. In the study, nearly 3,000 employees at a consumer-goods firm were randomly assigned to take part in a self-reflection exercise that helped them to think about how their current jobs matched their own sense of purpose.
The researcher found that those whose jobs did not inspire them tended to leave, and that those who found that their purpose and their job were in line with the firm’s goals tended to put in more effort. Since the departure of uninspired employees and the increased effort of motivated ones collectively contributed to a more efficient workforce, this experiment is conducive to the firm’s overall performance.
Managers play a huge role in motivating their people, but inspiration can be bottom-up as well as top-down. Don’t just tell your team what Steve Jobs said. Ask why their jobs matter to them.
12．（3分）What does the author think of Galinsky’s book Inspire
A．Challenging. B．Confusing. C．Humorous. D．Practical.
13．（3分）What can be inferred from the toy design experiment
A．Emotional appeal outweighs functional design.
B．Toy design should center on children’s demands.
C．Specific instructions produce more creative outcomes.
D．Parental approval determines toy products’ success.
14．（3分）What does the underlined word “conducive” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Regular. B．Beneficial. C．Troublesome. D．Superior.
15．（3分）What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To provide helpful insights into how to inspire employees.
B．To highlight the significance of inspiration in group performance.
C．To show the problems of existing employee motivation measures.
D．To urge management to place greater emphasis on staff motivation.
三、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题，共10分）
[10分]There are a lot of chemicals that can cause indoor air pollution. A project conducted recently has found over 900 different substances (物质) in our home are related to it. 16（2分） So, what are the main contributors to poor air quality
It has been proved that different kinds of chemicals can be released by building materials and new furniture. Everything from painting and decorating products, bathroom cleaners and beauty products can contain these chemicals. They might also arise from cooking at home. 17（2分）
As a study from Denmark has highlighted, cooking food, particularly roasting food in an improper way can damage our body. 18（2分） However, most of us have ignored their bad effects. When exposed to cooking emissions (排放物), people actually had DNA damage. It can be associated with cell repair processes that lead to cancer-causing genetic changes. 19（2分） And what can we do with it
As far as cooking emissions are concerned, no one is suggesting switching to takeaways. But we can change how we cook to deal with the emissions. For example, cooking meat at high temperatures with lots of fat produces more harmful emissions than boiling pasta. Besides, opening windows and using cooker hoods (抽油烟机) are preferable. 20（2分）
A．We spend about 14% of our time outdoors.
B．In the long run, these changes result in cancer.
C．We should not buy decorating materials that are too cheap.
D．Roast dinners contain many potentially harmful pollutants.
E．Then we can enjoy the roasted meat without those undesirable effects.
F．Many researchers have already examined the causes of indoor air pollution.
G．For instance, cooking generates a lot of harmful emissions, like frying meat in oil.
四、完形（15空）（本大题共1小题，共45分）
[45分]The amount and scale(规模) of environmental issues may seem too much for ordinary people. But with hard work and determination, anyone can 21 great things.
One such person is Yin Yuzhen. At a young age, Yin moved to Inner Mongolia to live with her husband in the desert. She felt 22 . To cheer herself up and improve the 23 environment, Yin began planting trees to take 24 back from the desert. “I would rather die of 25 from fighting the sand than be buried by it!” she said. The couple had to travel on foot, doing 26 by hand. At first, many trees did not survive, 27 over the years, she learnt from her 28 , discovering the best plants and methods to use to successfully plant a 29 in the desert. Over more than three decades, they have planted over 300,000 trees. It has been said of Yin: “She is a symbol of courage, patience, and 30 . Her work in greening the desert deserves universal 31 .”
It is without any doubt 32 to see a clear example of how the problem of desertification can be dealt with. 33 may seem small and insignificant, yet over time they 34 together to become great achievements. The journey of 1,000 miles begins with one step and the will to 35 . Take your first step. Plant your first tree.
21．（3分）A．turn B．store C．achieve D．promise
22．（3分）A．lonely B．sorry C．free D．well
23．（3分）A．friendly B．changing C．protected D．tough
24．（3分）A．air B．land C．food D．energy
25．（3分）A．sickness B．emptiness C．tiredness D．sadness
26．（3分）A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
27．（3分）A．or B．and C．so D．but
28．（3分）A．failure B．feelings C．determination D．dreams
29．（3分）A．garden B．forest C．seed D．crop
30．（3分）A．fortune B．honesty C．harmony D．perseverance
31．（3分）A．organization B．truth C．respect D．method
32．（3分）A．interesting B．challenging C．relaxing D．inspiring
33．（3分）A．Actions B．Choices C．Promises D．Events
34．（3分）A．stand B．join C．get D．put
35．（3分）A．struggle B．survive C．continue D．believe
五、语篇（本大题共1小题，共20分）
[20分]阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guiyang, capital city of Southwest China’s Guizhou province, has a rich history and culture. It has undergone continuous betterment and now 36（2分） (attract) a steady stream of visitors. Breathtaking 37（2分） (landscape), tea culture, and energetic ethnic (民族的) minorities are the three main features that define Guiyang and wider Guizhou, and visitors can enjoy them all in Qingzhen city, west of Guiyang.
AJ Donnelly, a British vlogger, visited Qingzhen to explore its characteristic customs and 38（2分） (invite) scenery.
In this video trip, AJ showed us around the Hongfeng Lake, which 39（2分） (surround) by beautiful red leaves in autumn, and China’s newest social media hit, the Yangpi Cave Waterfall, which is famous 40（2分） its breathtaking Karst landforms.
In the Ludishao Tea Expo Garden, AJ buried 41（2分） (he) in tea aroma (芳香) and tried hand-picking his own tea.
AJ also visited the Maige Miao and Bouyei ethnic township, 42（2分） mainly live the “Four Seals Miao”, 43（2分） branch of the Miao people. Their characteristic clothing made a surprise 44（2分） (appear) in Milan Fashion Week and served the world a visual feast.
Charming Qingzhen is just a glimpse (一瞥) of “Cool Guiyang”, and there are more splendid views the city has 45（2分） (choose) e and see for yourselves, will you
六、应用文写作（本大题共1小题，共15分）
46．[15分]假定你是李华，正在新西兰某中学学习。你校将举办跨文化演出活动，请你给活动负责人Mr. Brown写封信，申请当主持人。内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．你的优势；
3．期待答复。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Brown,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
七、读后续写（本大题共1小题，共18分）
47．[18分]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the picturesque hills of Yorkshire, England, two hikers, Jack and Tom, decided to challenge themselves with a 15-mile trek(跋涉)to a place called High Crag. The idea had seemed straightforward when their sports teacher, Mr. Pike, put it forward. However, reality turned out to be much tougher than they had anticipated.
The rear light of the minibus that had brought them to the village disappeared into the mist enveloping the mountains.“ Well, let’s go” said Jack, and Tom adjusted his backpack.
The walking wasn’t too difficult at first. The summer season had ended and the soft mountain grass had blanketed the footpath. In just an hour, they had covered over three miles. By three o’ clock in the afternoon, they were more than halfway there. Then they reached a fork in the path. Jack took out the map and studied it carefully.“ There’s no fork here on the map,” he said, frowning. They tried retracing their steps, but the mist had started to roll in, making it harder to see. Tom’s heart sank as the mist thickened. He could barely see more than a few feet ahead. Jack, however, remained calm.“ We’ll find our way,” he comforted Tom.
As they continued, the path grew rougher. The mist made it difficult to see where they were going, and progress slowed. Tom twisted his ankle on a hidden rock but managed to keep going with Jack’s help. They knew they had to find shelter soon—it would be dark in a few hours. After another ten minutes of walking, they reached a track with fresh tire marks.“ This must lead somewhere,” Jack said hopefully. They followed it downhill, but soon the track began to rise again.
Just when Tom thought they might have to spend the night in the open, Jack spotted something through the mist.“ There’s a barn(谷仓) ahead” he exclaimed. It was an old stone building, partially hidden by the fog, but it looked solid and dry. Jack noticed a small window on the side of the barn, which seemed accessible.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jack and Tom hurried towards the barn, hoping it would be their ticket to shelter for the night.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, the mist had cleared, and the sun was shining brightly.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】应用文、细节理解、节假日活动、通讯与媒体
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】情节发展、文章标题、段落大意、现代技术、细节理解、说明文
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国宇航局两台强大的望远镜发现了迄今为止发现的最古老、最遥远的黑洞。
【知识点】情节发展、文章标题、现代技术、观点态度、议论文
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A
【知识点】文章大意、科普知识、观点态度、议论文、词义猜测
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了Adam Galinsky的Inspire一书介绍的具体视觉语言、自我反省练习在激发员工行动方面的作用。
三、七选五阅读
【知识点】环境保护、说明文
【答案】
16．F
17．G
18．D
19．B
20．E
四、完形（15空）
【知识点】代词辨析、副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、夹叙夹议、形容词的词义辨析、自然生态、连词辨析
【答案】
21． C
22． A
23． D
24． B
25． C
26． A
27． D
28． A
29． B
30．D
31．C
32．D
33．A
34．B
35．C
五、语篇
【答案】
36． attracts
37． landscapes
38． inviting
39． is surrounded
40． for
41． himself
42． where
43． a
44． appearance
45．to choose
六、应用文写作
【知识点】一般将来时、一般现在时、申请、请求和建议、申请信
46．【答案】
Dear Mr. Brown,
I’m an exchange student from China. I’m writing to apply to be the host of the cross-cultural performance to be held in our school.
Not only have I acquired a good command of English, but I have also hosted many performances concerning culture. Therefore, when the performance features Chinese culture, I can help better introduce it to the audience, which will help them better understand China. I’m certain my experience and knowledge will ensure my being equal to the position.
I would greatly appreciate it if you could consider my application.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】一般过去时、旅游
47．【答案】 Jack and Tom hurried towards the barn, hoping it would be their ticket to shelter for the night. The wind, howling loudly, pushed them forward. Jack, being the taller one, boosted Tom up to the small window. Tom scrambled through, landing clumsily inside. Then, he reached out to help Jack in. Inside, the barn was musty but dry. A stack of hay, invitingly soft, caught their attention. They quickly made a makeshift bed, arranging the hay neatly. Exhausted, they lay down, their eyes closing involuntary. The darkness of the barn, thick and quiet, soon relaxed them into a deep sleep.
The next morning, the mist had cleared, and the sun was shining brightly. The barn, now bathed in warm sunlight, looked different. The fresh air, carrying the sweet smell of grass, filled their nostrils. They got up, stretching their stiff bodies. After a quick check of their backpacks, they stepped out of the barn. The path ahead, clear and visible, seemed to welcome them. They retraced their steps carefully, following the tire marks. Finally, they saw the village in the distance. With renewed energy, they jogged towards it, excited to share their adventure with Mr. Pike and their classmates. It was their perseverance, wisdom and teamwork that had seen them through.
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