外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Attributive clauses 课件（32张）

(共32张PPT)
Unit 4
Everyday economics
新外研选择性必修Book 4
Using language I P54
Learning objectives
In this class, you will be able to
review relative clauses and understand their form, meaning and pragmatic functions;
apply relative clauses in specific and real contexts;
learn and use vocabulary and expressions related to personal financial management;
pay attention to the establishment and operation of personal credit systems in social life and think about how to regulate your own economic behavior.
She couldn’t, however, hide the line of sweat running down her forehead, _____was caused partly by the heat of the television studio, but more...
The place ______ this happens is a valley, a world away from any television studio.
This is a place______ roses grow wild.
Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses, _______surprised many people.
Underline the sentences below in the reading passage.
1.which 2.where3. where4.which
Quiz
However, like any entrepreneur_____ was just starting out, she still had a lot to learn.
The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me, ______ was totally outside my experience.
Seeing her peers_____also dream of success and independence, Zhang has mixed feelings.
For young people _____ have little life experience, that can be a challenge.
Underline the sentences below in the reading passage.
5.who 6.which7. who 8.who
a This is a place where roses grow wild.
b The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was totally outside my experience.
What does “where” refer to in sentence (a)
“Where” in sentence (a) refers to “a place”.
What does “which” refer to in sentence (b)
“Which” in sentence (b) refers to “to persuade people to work for me”.
Look at the sentences and answer the questions.
Lead-in
a This is a place where roses grow wild.
b The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was totally outside my experience.
Which sentence contains a clause with essential information about the subject
Sentence (a).
Which sentence contains a clause with extra information about the subject
Sentence (b).
Look at the sentences and answer the questions.
Summary
Attributive Clauses
定语从句
一、定语从句的概述
1.定语从句定义：在复合句中，修饰_____或_____的句子。
2.定语从句的构成：定语从句，先行词和关系词
先行词：______________________________
关系词：_______________________________
E.g.:
The man who he spoke to is his teacher.
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词
连接先行词和定语从句的词
名词
代词
二、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
（2）非限定性定语从句：有逗号，主句完整，从句是补充说明。
Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
（1）限定性定语从句：无逗号，从句是不可缺少的部分。
分类 先行词 句法功能
关 系 代 词 that 指代人或物 在句中作主语、宾语或表语；作宾语时可省略
which 指物 在句中作主语、宾语或表语；作宾语时可省略
who 指人 在句中作主语、宾语或表语
whom 指人 在句中作宾语
as ① 引导限定性定语从句时，指与先行词相似的人或物必须用于such/so...as或the same...as...结构中。 ② 引导非限定性定语从句时，只能修饰句子，可置于被修饰句子后面、前面或主谓之间，翻译成“正如……那样”。 关 系 副 词 when 指时间 在句中作时间状语
where 指地点 在句中作地点状语
why 指原因 在句中作原因状语
考点一 定语从句的关系词
1.关系代词与关系副词的区别
三、定语从句高频考点
1.The mountain village （where） I stayed for a night last year has taken on a new look.
The mountain village (which/that//) I visited last year has taken on a new look.
2.I will never forget the days when I lived in the countryside with the farmers.
I will never forget the days (which/that//) I spent in the countryside with the farmers.
3.The reason （why/for which） you failed, I think, was that you had not followed your mother's advice.
The reason (which/that) he explained for his being late was that he had missed the early bus.
1.关系代词与关系副词的区别
选用关系代词还是关系副词,归根结底要看定语从句缺什么成分。如果缺的是主语、宾语或定语,就用关系代词;如果缺状语,则用关系副词。
when 指时间,在从句中作时间状语,相当于“in/at/on/
during...+which”
where 指地点,在从句中作地点状语,相当于“in/at/on/from...+which”
why 指原因,在从句中作原因状语,相当于“for+which”
Summary1
1. Exercise is something______ can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy.
2.This is the first film _______I have seen since I moved there.
3.This is the library in ____________ I spent countless hours studying during my college years.
that
that
2.that和which的用法区别
which
1.that和which的用法区别
只用that的情况 1.先行词是all、few、little、much、something、anything、nothing等不定代词时
2.先行词被the only、the very、the right、all等修饰时
3.先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时
4.先行词既有人又有物时
只用which的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时
关系代词前有介词时
Summary2
3.as和which的区别
as as导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，像……”。常作实义动词（如see、know、expect、say等）的宾语。
放在such...as,so as,the same as的句型中
which which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点；这件事”等。which在句法上一般用作实义动词的主语或宾语，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系。
1._______the old saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
2.The building is in Shanghai, _______ is the biggest city in China.
As
which
Summary3
考点二 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
The city in which she lives is far away.
2.The moment at which I made the decision is exciting.
Mathematics is the subject in which I am most interested.
My computer, without which I can’t surf the Internet, broke down yesterday.
3.The day on which she arrived was Thursday. = when
He pointed to the factory in which he used to worked. =where
Can you tell me the reason for which you are so late =why
1.介词+which/whom
2.介词搭配
3.介词+关系代词=关系副词
先行词的搭配
形容词/动词短语的搭配
句意的搭配
Summary4
1.This is such an interesting work of art __________ all of us like.
2.This is such an interesting work of art __________ all of us like it.
1.which/that 2.where 3.as 4.that
考点三 定语从句与其他从句区别
定语从句与地点状语从句的区别
定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，而地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
1.We young people should go to the place __________ is in need of help.
2.We young people should go ____________ we’re most needed.
定语从句与结果状语从句的区别
在the same...as...与such...as...结构中，as引导定语从句并在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so...that...引导的结果状语从句中，that在从句中不作成分。
Summary5
3.定语从句与主语从句的区别
定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。
1．_____As_______ is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.分析　
2．______It　______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
3．___What　_________ is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
4.定语从句与强调句型的区别
强调句的结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，It is/was和that/who在句中不作任何成分，也不起连接作用，去掉后，句子依然完整。但是定语从句的关系词既起连接作用还在从句中充当成分，去掉以后结构就不完整了。
1．It was on the morning of May 1st that I met Liang Wei at the airport.
2．It is the factory that Mr Wang works.　
5.定语从句和同位语从句的区别
同位语从句是用于解释说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，而定语从句是对作先行词的名词的限制、描绘或说明。that在同位语从句中只是连接主从句，没有任何意义，不在从句中充当句子成分；that在定语从句中是关系代词，不但连接主从句，而且指代被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
I had no idea that Brisbane has so many people!
The idea (that) he put forward at the meeting is very reasonable.
〔技巧点拨〕
1.It has set an example to other museums in our country, most of _______ seem to be still living in the days gone by.
2. Basically, baking is a creative activity _______ you can imagine a happy moment in the future.
3. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, ______ people believed they owed a good harvest to the gods, who protected them from the stormy seas.
4. Reducing that loss by 1 percentage point would be equal to a 28-million-tonne increase in grain output, _______ could feed 70 million people for a year.
5. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum____________ opened in 1759.
where
when
which
which/that
which
Exercise1 单句训练
用合适的关系词填空。
6.I don’t like the way_________ you taught me.
7.Can you tell me the way ____________you solve the problem.
8.He told me a way ____________ was easy.
9.The basketball team, ________ is playing very well, will come out first.
10.There was one point _________ we must insist on.
that/which//
that/which
which
in which/that
which/that
Translate these sentences
Practice
1. 这是一个很不错栏目，你可以在这里和学生分享自己的想法。
This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.
2.妈妈大声说这是她吃过的最好的三明治。
Mother exclaimed it was the best sandwich she had ever tasted.
3.我永远不会忘记这段经历，它将是我一生中最珍贵的回忆。
I will never forget this experience, which will be the most precious memories of my life.
4.我感谢我的老师，他的支持让我发现了自己的潜能。
I am grateful to my teacher, whose support helped me discover my potential.
Exercise2 单句训练
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2022山东烟台、德州高三一模）A
With a history of more than 6,000 years, Chinese painting, originally
1. .（pursue） by wealthy people, developed around 221 BC during the
Qin Dynasty. Then, it became popular around 581 AD as more and more people
began to show 2. .（appreciate） of its beauty.
Basic tools and materials for Chinese painting involve writing brushes, ink
and paper. The Chinese painting brush is mostly made of goat, weasel or fox
hairs, 3. . are suitable for producing soft and stringy brushes.
pursued
appreciation
which
The ink stick is produced with a mixture of pine soot （松烟） and animal
glue. It’s used in combination with an ink stone. The painter wets the ink stone
and then grinds （研磨） the ink stick on the stone, 4. .（make） the
ink run so that it can be used for painting.
Many Chinese ancient artworks 5. .（create） on silk. However,
silk was 6. . expensive that it would only be saved for very important
paintings. By the first century, when the early form of paper was invented, it had
become a lot 7. .（cheap） to paint.
making
were created
so
cheaper
Traditional Chinese painting enjoys worldwide fame 8. . its original style,
distinctive features and special techniques. It emphasizes harmony between man
and nature. When looking at a Chinese painting, you may not 9. .
（initial） realize its complex concept. In fact, much remains
10. .（learn） about traditional Chinese painting
and its elements. By appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better
understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
for
initially
to be learned/to be learnt
Traditional Chinese painting enjoys worldwide fame 8. . its original style,
distinctive features and special techniques. It emphasizes harmony between man
and nature. When looking at a Chinese painting, you may not 9. .
（initial） realize its complex concept. In fact, much remains
10. .（learn） about traditional Chinese painting
and its elements. By appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better
understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
for
initially
to be learned/to be learnt
B
Recent months have seen a return of bikes across China, with an increasing
number of people 11. .（choose） cycling instead of driving to school, the
workplace or the tourist attractions. The introduction of bike-sharing programs has
brought the trend to a new level.
The bikes 12. .（equip） with locators（定位器） and can be left
in public for the next user. They’re popular among many Chinese people as they
provide 13. . effective solution in places 14. . it’s difficult to change from
one form of transport to another. Bike-sharing is a 15. .（green） method of
transportation and 16. .（provide） a more friendly experience.
choosing
are equipped
an
where
greener
provides
However, the programs have also led to problems such as17. .（legal）
parking, deliberate damage and theft. To deal with these problems, the bike-
sharing companies came up with the idea of encouraging people 18. .
（return） the bikes to stations 19. . rewarding them with free time for their
next rides. Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address the problems.
For example, one company sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with points
taken in case of bad 20. .（behave）. Once the score drops below
80, the bike rental will be increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes.
illegal
to return
by
behavio（u）r
Homework
Write an introduction to something you have bought recently.
Organise ideas in a logical way.
Use attributive clauses where appropriate.
Thank you!