人教版高中英语（教案）选修7 Unit3 Under the sea

选修七
Unit3
Under
the
sea
一、重点词汇总结
1．witness
vt
(1)be
present
at(someplace)and
see
it
当场见到/目击
Did
anyone
witness
the
accident？有人亲眼看到那次事故了吗？
(2)“见证了”，时间、地点等作主语。
Recent
years
have
wi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tnessed
the
collapse
of
the
steel
industry.近年来钢铁业日渐衰落。
n．目击者，证人
The
police
found
the
witness
to
the
murder
case.警察找到了那件谋杀案的目击者。
There
was
no
witness
at
the
scene
of
the
accident.在事故现场没有证人。
witness
还可表示“作证”“证明”，常用“witness
to
sth./doing
sth.”
a
live
witness
to...活生生的证人
bear/give
witness
to
sth.为……作证
witness－box(英)＝witness
stand
(美)证人席
2．sort
out
(1)分类，整理
I
am
just
sorting
out
the
papers
that
can
be
thrown
away.
我在整理可以被扔掉的文件。
(2)解决(问题/困难)
We've
got
a
few
little
problems
to
sort
out.我们有几个小问题要解决。
近义词：sort
through
查看并挑选出
He
was
sorting
through
a
pile
of
papers
on
his
desk.他在整理桌子上的一堆文件。
3．accommodation
n.
(1)rooms，esp.for
living
in
房间，住所
The
high
cost
of
acco
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mmodation
makes
life
difficult
for
students
in
London.
由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。
(2)lodgings，rooms
and
food(often
pl.)膳宿(在英国英语中为不可数名词，在美国英语中为可数名词，常用复数)
Can
we
find
accommodations
at
a
hotel
for
tonight 我们今晚能找到旅馆住宿吗？
短语：make
accommodation
for...为……提供膳宿
4．yell
v．&
n．叫喊/叫声，喊声
(1)v.shout
often
because
you
are
frightened，angry，or
excited
She
yelled(out)at
her
naughty
child.她朝她那淘气的孩子大喊。
They
yelled
at
him
to
stop.他们朝他大喊，让他停下来。
(2)n.a
loud
shout.e.g.a
yell
of
delight/warning
5．ahead
of
(1)(时间、空间上)在……之前
(2)领先，比……强、好
6．head
朝……方向移动；带领
We
headed
the
boat
out
to
sea.我们将船驶向外海。
They
are
heading
home.
他们正朝家走去。
Who
is
heading
the
Party？该党现在由谁在领导？
Whose
name
heads
the
list 谁的名字列在名单的最前头？
head
for＝leave
for/start
for
朝……方向走去
7．flee(fled，fled)vi./vt.
逃走，逃掉，消失
And
those
others
are
stopping
it
diving
or
fleeing
out
to
sea...
其他的虎鲸阻止它潜水逃入大海……
The
spectators
fled
in
panic
when
the
bull
got
loose.
那只公牛挣脱了束缚，吓得观众四下逃窜。
We
were
forced
to
flee
to
the
country.我们被迫逃往国外。
8．aim.v.
aim(sth.)at
sb./sth.瞄准，对准
aim
at
doing
sth./aim
to
do
sth.力求达到，力争做到
n．瞄准；目的，目标
9．drag
v.
(1)拖，拉，拽
He
dragged
the
table
into
the
corner.他把桌子拖到角落里。
(2)勉强某人做
He
hates
parties，and
we
have
to
drag
him
into
going.他讨厌参加聚会，我们得硬拉着他去。
If
he
fails，he'll
drag
us
all
down
with
him.如果他失败了，他会把我们大家一起拖下水。
10．depth
n.
……的深度，深……的地方
...its
body
was
dragg
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
swiftly
by
the
killers
down
into
the
depths
of
the
sea.
它的尸体被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中去了。
Plant
the
beans_at_a_depth_of_about
six
inches.把种子埋到大概六英尺深的地下。
短语：
in
depth
深入地，彻底地
the
depths
of
the
jungle
丛林深处
the
depths
of
the
country
穷乡僻壤
the
depths
of
the
winter
隆冬
the
depths
of
one's
heart
心灵的深处
the
depths
of
despair
绝望的深渊
11．have
a
good
feed
on...饱餐一顿
feed：n.meals
or
food
for
babies
or
animals
餐、顿。如：
When
is
the
baby's
next
feed 下一次要什么时候喂这个婴儿？
v．give
food
to
喂养
feed
sb./sth.on
sth.＝feed
sth.to
sb./sth.
喂……吃……
feed
on
以……为食(一般指动物)近义词
live
on
The
prison
is
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
required
to
feed
and
clothe
the
prisoners.监狱被要求向犯人提供食物和衣服。
Several
children
we
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re
feeding
bread
to
the
ducks.＝Several
children
were
feeding
ducks
on
bread.几个孩子正在喂鸭子吃面包。
Owls
feed
on
mice
and
other
small
animals.猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。
12．From
James's
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ace，I
could
see
he
was
terrified
of
being
abandoned
by
us.
从詹姆斯的脸上，我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
He
abandoned
his
wife
and
children.他抛弃了他的妻子和孩子。
此处abandon的意思是“放弃，抛弃”，相关短语有：
(1)背弃祖国/朋友：abandon
one's
country/friend
(2)抛弃家庭：abandon
one's
family　
(3)革除陋习：abandon
a
bad
habit
(4)放弃职位/希望/计划/主意：abandon
one's
post/hope/plan/idea
13．help
out帮助……(摆脱困境或危险)
My
mother
helped
me
out(with
some
money)when
I
lost
my
job.
我的母亲在我失业的时候给我金钱上的援助帮我摆脱了困境。
The
children
help
out
in
their
father's
shop
when
things
are
busy.
父亲店里忙的时候，孩子们在店里帮忙。
14．approach
vi.&
vt.
接近，靠近　n．接近，道路，方式，方法
15．hold
up
(1)支撑，举起;
(2)延迟，阻碍
二、重点句型总结
1.
being
+done...(作原因、时间等状语)；逻辑主语与done是被动关系
Being
badly
wounded,
the
whale
soon
died.
鲸因为受了重伤,
没过多久就死了。(B7
P20)
Being
badly
injur
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
in
a
traffic
accident,
he
had
to
be
in
hospital
for
at
least
two
weeks.由于在一起交通事故中严重受伤,
他不得不住院至少两个星期。
2.
It
+
be
+
adj.
(for/of
sb.)+
to
do
sth.
做某事是……的
The
sea
was
rough
that
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
day
and
it
was
difficult
to
handle
the
boat.
那天风高浪大,
很难操作船只。(B7
P21)
若形容词(adj.
)是指
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )代事物的特征时，如important，easy，difficult，strange，necessary，等，则用for；如果是说明人的性格特征的形容词，如kind，polite，foolish，warmhearted，cruel，stupid等，则用of。
⑵It
is
very
kind
of
you(你真好)
to
help
me
with
my
math.
3.
It
takes
(sb.)
time/money/energy
to
do
sth.
做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱/精力
It
took
over
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
half
an
hour
to
get
the
boat
back
to
James.
用了半个多小时才把船划回到詹姆斯身边。(B7
P21)
It
took
them
a
long
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
time
to
be
friends
again
after
the
quarrel.
争吵之后，他们花了很长时间才重新成为朋友。
三、重点语法总结
1．现在分词(－ing
形式)的构成。
v.-ing
形式由
“do＋ing”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
构成，其否定形式是
“not
doing”，v.－ing
可以带宾语或状语构成v.－ing短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
2．动词－ing
形式的被动式分一般式和完成式：
(1)
一般式：表示这个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生。
(2)
完成式：强调这个被动的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成。
　　语态时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
(not)doing
(not)being
done
完成式
(not)having
done
(not)having
been
done
3.动词－ing的被动式的句法功能。
(1)作主语。如：So_being_killed_by_sharks
was
a
common
thing.
(2)作宾语，用在介词后或需要带－ing
形式作宾语的动词后。如：
George
didn't
like
being_kept_waiting.
He
was
terrified
of
being_abandoned_by_us.
Do
you
remember_having_been_taken
to
Beijing
at
the
age
of
ten
(3)作表语。如：
What
worried
the
child
most
was
his
not_being_allowed_to
visit
his
mother
in
the
hospital.
(4)作定语。如：
The
problem
being_discussed
is
of
great
importance.
(5)作状语。如：
Having_been_shown_around
the
library，we
were
taken
to
see
the
lab.
(6)作补足语。如：
As
we
drew
closer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，I
could
see
a
whale
being_attacked
by
a
pack
of
about
six
other
killers.
When
we
approached
him，I
saw
James
being_held_up
in
the
water
by
Old
Tom.
[注意]
(1)v.－ing
形式的被动式主要在句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。但v.－ing
形式的被动式的完成式，一般在句中作状语(偶尔作非限定定语)，不作其他成分。
They
don't
like
the_design_of_the_new_bridge_being_built.(正在建造的桥的设计)
Not_having_been_completed，the
museum
can't
be
visited
yet.(由于没有完工……)
(2)v.－ing
形式的被动式逻辑
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主语(即动作的承受者)如果也是主句的主语，就不需要表示出来，但是如果逻辑主语不是主句的主语，就得把v.－ing
形式自己的主语表示出来。如：
The
whole
classroom
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
having_been_cleaned，the
students
went
home
happily.
(3)在want，need，deserve，require，repay，bear，take等动词及形容词worth后，习惯用动词－ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to
be
done”。如：
The
house
wants_cleaning.
这房屋需要打扫。
My
watch
needs_repairing.
我的手表需要修理。
The
way
deserves_mentioning.
这个方法值得一提。
These
young
trees
will
require_looking_after
carefully.
这些小树需要细心照顾。
The
film
is
worth_seeing.
这部影片值得一看。
四、巩固练习
I.
Translate
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
following
sentences
into
English，using
the
words
and
expressions
given
in
brackets.
(1)当我意识到她在场之时前，她正好走到我身边。(be
aware
of)
(2)凯莉每读一本书都喜欢反思一下书的含义。(reflect
on)
(3)这场演出没有什么可以挑剔的，这是真正的享受。(pure)
(4)你刷那面墙，同时我准备好这一面墙你好接着刷。(in
the
meantime)
(5)我的女儿喜欢把自己倒吊在操场的机械上。(upside
down)
(6)夜里一些奇怪的声音把我吓得半死。(scare
to
death)
参考答案：
(1)She
was
standing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
right
next
to
me
before
I
became
aware
of
her
presence.
(2)Whenever
Kelly
rea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds
a
book，she
likes
to
reflect
on
its
meaning
for
a
while.
(3)There
was
nothing
I
didn't
like
about
the
performance.It
was
pure
enjoyment.
(4)You
paint
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat
wall
and，in
the
meantime，I
will
prepare
this
one
for
you
to
paint
next.
(5)My
daughter
loves
to
hang
upside
down
on
the
playground
equipment.
(6)The
strange
noises
in
the
night
scared
me
to
death.
II.句型转换(改成带－ing形式被动结构的简单句)
(1)The
hotel
which
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is
being
built
now
beside
the
park
was
designed
by
a
group
of
young
men.
(2)The
little
girl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was
eventually
aware
that
her
parents
abandoned
her
in
the
mountainous
village.
(3)He
would
come
even
if
we
don't
invite
him.(without)
(4)After
he
had
been
examined
several
times，he
was
told
to
be
healthy.
(5)I
noticed
that
some
people
were
taken
to
the
police
station.
参考答案：
(1)The
hotel
being
built
now
beside
the
park
was
designed
by
a
group
of
young
men.
(2)The
little
girl
was
eventually
aware
of
being
abandoned
by
her
parents
in
the
mountainous
village.
(3)He
would
come
without
even
being
invited.
(4)After
having
been
examined
several
times，he
was
told
to
be
healthy.
(5)I
noticed
some
people
being
taken
to
the
police
station.