人教版高中英语（教案）选修7 Unit1 Living well

选修7
Unit1
Living
well
重点词汇总结
key
words
&
key
phrases
1．ambition
n．雄心，野心
Her
ambition
is
to
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecome
part
of
the
national
team
for
the
next
Paralympic
Games.
她的抱负是能够成为国家队的一员来参加下一届残奥会。
To
be
a
good
teacher
has
been
her
lifelong
ambition.
做一名好教师是她终生追求的目标。
关联短语：full
of
ambition
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )野心勃勃；achieve
one's
ambition实现某人的愿望；have
the
ambition
for
sth.渴望得到某物
2．suitable
adj.适合的，适宜的
Although
some
may
think
the
cinema
is
noisy，it
is
suitable
for
Sally's
condition.
尽管有人可能认为电影院里太吵了，但是它非常适合萨利的身体状况。
He
has
nothing
suitable
for
a
formal
party.他没有适合这样正式晚会的任何东西。
3．beneficial
adj.有益的；
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be
beneficial
to对……有益处；benefit
vt.使……受益；n．益处，优势；benefit
sb./sth.对某人/物有益；benefit
from/by从……中获得益处；be
of
benefit
to...对……有益；for
sb.'s
benefit＝for
the
benefit
of
sb.为了某人的利益
These
birds
are
beneficial
to
man.这些鸟对人类有益。
We
benefit
a
lot
from
daily
exercise.日常锻炼对我们很有益。
His
mother
lost
her
life
for
the
benefit
of
the
bank.
他母亲为了银行的利益献出了自己的生命。
4．in
other
words
换句话说
In
other
words，there
are
not
many
people
like
me.
换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。
关联短语：in
a/one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
word总而言之；in
word
在口头上；在表面上；have
a
word
with
sb.与某人说(私)话；have
words
with
sb.与某人吵嘴；keep/break
one's
word遵守诺言/失信
Have
a
word
with
Tom
and
see
what
he
thinks.和汤姆谈一谈，看他是怎么想的。
Please
retell
the
story
in
your
own
words.请用自己的话复述这个故事。
In
a
word，I
didn't
like
that
car
at
all.
总之，我一点也不喜欢那辆小汽车。
5．adapt
to
适应
Unfortunately，the
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )octors
don't
know
how
to
make
me
better，but
I
am
very
outgoing
and
have
learned
to
adapt
to
my
disability.不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。
We
should
adapt
to
the
new
environment
as
soon
as
possible.
我们应该尽快适应新环境。
6．cut
out
切去；省略；停止做某事
I
think
I
had
at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )least
a
billion
tests，including
one
in
which
they
cut
out
a
piece
of
muscle
from
my
leg
and
looked
at
it
under
a
microscope.
我想我至少做过十亿次检查了，包括有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下了一小块肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。
You
should
cut
out
the
second
part
of
the
article.你应该删掉文章的第二部分。
She
tried
to
persuade
me
to
cut
out
drinking.她试图说服我戒酒。
关联短语：cut
down砍倒；削
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )减；cut
in插嘴；超车；cut
off切断……供应；中断；cut
across/through抄近路；cut
up切碎
I
wish
she
would
stop
cutting
in
on
our
conversation
all
the
time.
我希望她别老是在我们谈话中插嘴。
My
doctor
has
told
me
to
cut
down
on
salt.我的医生告诉我减少盐的摄入量。
They
had
cut
off
aid
to
us.他们已经中断了对我们的援助。
7．out
of
breath
上气不接下气
So
sometimes
some
chil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dren
in
my
primary
school
would
laugh，when
I
got
out
of
breath
after
running
a
short
way
or
had
to
stop
and
rest
halfway
up
the
stairs.
因此，上小学时有些孩子见到我跑很短一段路就喘不过气来或者爬楼梯爬到一半就得停下来休息，他们就会笑我。
They
were
both
red
in
the
face
and
out
of
breath.他们俩都面红耳赤，气喘吁吁。
关联短语：hold
one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'s
breath
屏住呼吸；lose
one's
breath
喘不过气来；take
a
deep
breath做深呼吸
When
entering
the
room，please
hold
your
breath.当进入房间时，请屏住呼吸。
8．all
in
all
总而言之
All
in
all
I
have
a
good
life.总而言之，我生活得很好。
All
in
all，it
had
been
a
good
success.总而言之，那是个巨大的成功。
关联短语：in
all总共；at
all根本；全然；above
all最重要的是；after
all毕竟；终究
Please
don't
be
angry
with
him—he
is
only
6,
after
all.
请别生他的气了，毕竟他只有六岁。
9.as
well
as
也；和
As
well
as
g
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oing
to
the
movies
and
football
matches
with
my
friends，I
spend
a
lot
of
time
with
my
pets.
除了和我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛之外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。
She
had
all
her
hom
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ework
to
do，as
well
as
looking
after
her
sick
father.
她除了要照顾生病的父亲之外，还要完成所有的作业。
注意：as
well
as还可以用作连词，表示“和……一样好”；另外，连接两个主语时，谓语动词和最前面的主语保持一致。
He
plays
the
piano
as
well
as
his
teacher.他钢琴弹得和他的老师一样好。
Mr.Li
as
well
as
his
students
is
going
to
the
zoo
tomorrow.
李老师和他的学生们打算明天去动物园。
10．in
many
ways
在很多方面
In
many
ways
my
dis
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ability
has
helped
me
grow
stronger
psychologically
and
become
more
independent.
在许多方面，我身体的残疾使我在心理上变得更加坚强，更加独立。
My
uncle
has
helped
me
in
many
ways.我叔叔在很多方面帮助过我。
11．make
fun
of
取笑
So
don't
feel
sor
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry
for
the
disabled
or
make
fun
of
them，and
don't
ignore
them
either.
因此，不要感到残疾人可怜，或者取笑他们，也不要不理他们。
It
is
impolite
to
make
fun
of
the
disabled.
取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
同义短语：play
a
joke/trick
on
sb.＝make
a
fool
of
sb.＝laugh
at
sb.取笑
重点语法总结
复习动词不定式的用法：
1．基本概念
不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )数的变化，而且不能单独用作谓语，但仍旧有动词的特点，即可有自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语，使用频率较高。是一个考试经常考查的语法点。
2．基本形式
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
进行式
to
be
doing
/
完成进行式
to
have
been
doing
/
否定形式
not
to
do
not
to
be
done
疑问词＋不定式
wh－
to
do
wh－
to
be
done
复合结构
sb.to
do/for
sb.to
do
/
3.句法功能
不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语，还可以有自己的逻辑主语，即for
sb.to
do
sth.。
1）不定式作主语
(subject)
To
finish
this
report
took
him
a
week.
To
see
is
to
believe.
=
Seeing
is
believing.眼见为实。
单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
不定式作主、宾、表通常表示具体的、一次性的、特定的行为。
若不定式太长，多用it作形式主语，不定式置后。
2）不定式作表语
(Predicative)
What
I
would
suggest
is
to
put
off
the
meeting.
To
see
is
to
believe.
=
Seeing
is
believing.
主语为不定式，表语也需为不定式.
My
job
is
to
help
the
patients.
我的工作是要帮助病人。
不定式常用在系动词
be,
seem,
appear,
get,
remain等后作表语．
The
only
thing
to
do
now
is
(to)
go
on.
What
I’ll
do
is
(to)
tell
her
the
truth.
All
he
did
just
now
was
(to)
complete
the
form.
当主语含有do的某种形式，作表语的不定式可省略to.
3）不定式作宾语
(Object)
I
decided
to
ask
for
my
money
back.
我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。
I
feel
it
impossible
for
him
to
finish
the
job
in
such
a
short
time.
It
作形式宾语：think/cons
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ider/find/feel/believe/suppose/
make
+
it
+
adj./
n.+
to
do
sth.
4）不定式作宾补
(Object
Complement)
1)
带to的不定式作宾补
动词:
allow,
orde
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r,
force,
permit,
tell,
want,
wish,
forbid,
advise,
persuade,
warn等后皆以带to的不定式作宾补。
2)他做了一个鬼脸,
逗得大家都笑了。
He
made
a
face
and
made
us
laugh.
被动语态：He
made
a
face
and
we
were
made
to
laugh.
作宾补的不定式不带to:
使役动词make,
have,
let;
感官动词see,
watch,
observe,
hear,
listen
to,
notice等
若上述结构变为被动语态,
to要还原。
5）不定式作定语
(Attribute)
Could
you
lend
me
a
pen
to
write
with
He
is
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in.
Please
pass
me
some
paper
to
write
on
.
若不定式是vi.,
不定式后介词不可省。
He
had
place
to
live.
不定式所修饰的名词若是time,
place或way，其的介词习惯上省去。
She
is
always
the
first
to
come
and
the
last
to
leave.她总是第一个到最后一个离开。
当名词被the
first
,the
last,
the
only等序数词以及形容词最高级修饰时，通常用不定式作定语。
The
meeting
to
be
held
tomorrow
is
important.
不定式作定语表示未发生的动作。
something,
anything,
nothing,
everything
等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。
Do
you
have
anything
to
send
I
have
nothing
to
say.
不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有主谓、同位、动宾三种关系：
(1)动宾关系：I
have
a
lot
of
work
to
do.
(2)主谓关系：He
is
always
the
first
to
come.
(3)同位关系：We
all
have
a
chance
to
go
to
college.
6）不定式作状语
(Adverbial)
(1)
目的状语
(to
do,
in
order
to,
so
as
to
do)
I
stayed
there
to
see
what
would
happen.
He
spoke
loudly
in
order
to
be
heard.
(2)
结果状语
(too…to
do,
so/
such…
as
to
do)
He
lay
in
the
bed
only
to
find
his
feet
exposed.
He
got
there
only
to
find
the
train
gone.
(3)
原因状语
(be
+
adj.
+
to
do
)
sorry,
surprised,
h
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )appy,
glad,
eager,
angry,
foolish,
right,
wrong,
slow,
quick,
rude,
cruel…
We
were
very
excited
to
hear
the
news.
I
have
to
say
goodbye
now.
I’m
happy
to
meet
you.
7）不定式作独立结构
(Absolute
construction)
To
be
honest
(老实说),
I
am
not
happy
at
the
moment.
类似用法：
to
be
frank；to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be
honest；to
tell
the
truth；to
be
short
to
begin
with；to
be
exact；to
make
a
long
story
short
4．不定式的时态与语态
根据需要，不定式可以有一般式
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(to
do)，完成式(to
have
done)，完成进行式(to
have
been
doing)，进行式(to
be
doing)等时态形式以及被动形式to
be
done和to
have
been
done。
He
didn't
allow
us
to
go
home
early.他不允许我们早回家。
He
seemed
to
have
seen
the
film.他好像看过这部电影。
She
is
said
to
have
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
been
living
in
the
city
for
six
years.据说她住在该城市六年了。
The
boy
pretended
to
be
reading
when
his
mother
came
in.
当他母亲进来的时候，小男孩假装在读书。
He
is
said
to
have
studied
abroad
a
few
years
ago.据说他几年前在国外学习过。
The
book
is
said
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
have
been
translated
into
many
languages.据说此书已被译成了多种语言。
巩固练习
I.
根据中文意思完成句子
1.
爬上山顶后，他上气不接下气。
He
________
________
________
______after
climbing
to
the
top
of
the
mountain.
2.
虽然他看起来有点笨拙，但决不能取笑他。
Although
he
looks
a
li
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttle
_______,
he
can’t
_______
_______
_______
______at
all.
3.
张婷在竞赛中获得了第一名，她的所有同学都祝贺她的成功。
Zhang
Ting
got
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
first
prize
in
the
competition
and
all
her
classmates_______
her
_______
her
_______.
4.
被冰雪困在京珠高速公路的司机和旅客们得到了当地政府的援助。
The
drivers
and
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
passengers
trapped
on
the
Beijing-Zhuhai
Motorway
by
ice
and
snow
________
_________
________
the
local
government.
5.
由他的小说改编的电影现在已变得很受欢迎。
The
film
_______
_____
his
novel
has
become
very
popular
now.
II.
单句填空
1.
Zhang
Hong
is
sai
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
______________
(learn)
by
heart
2000
words
up
to
now.
2.
Everyone
here
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will
thank
the
students
for
what
they
have
done
___________
(make)
the
river
cleaner.
3.
Which
do
you
en
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )joy
_____________
(spend)
your
holiday,
taking
art
courses
or
__________
(watch)
TV
at
home
4.__________(clean)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
classroom,the
students
went
to
the
playground
________
(watch)
the
football
match.
5.
She
felt
it
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
a
great
shame_________
(
criticize)
so
severely
in
the
presence
of
her
boy
friend.
6.
Rather
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n
____________(ride)
on
a
crowded
bus,
he
always
prefers
_____________
(ride)
a
bicycle.
7.
An
army
spokesman
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stressed
that
all
the
soldiers
had
been
ordered_____________(issue)
clear
warnings
before
___________(fire)
any
shots.
8.
The
speaker
was
ask
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
_____________
(pay)
a
visit
to
a
special
student
after
__________
(
give)
a
talk
at
a
high
school,
参考答案：I.1.was
out
of
br
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eath
2.clumsy,
make
fun
of
him
3.congratulate
on,success
4.get
aid
from
5.adapted
from
II.1.to
have
l
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )earnt
2.to
make
3.spending,
watching
4.Having
cleaned,
to
watch
5.to
have
been
criticized
6.ride,
riding
7.
To
issue,
firing
8.to
pay,
giving