人教版高中英语（教案）BOOK5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom

Book5
Unit
2
The
United
Kingdom
一、重点词汇总结
1.
consist
of
＝
be
made
up
of
由……组成
(没有进行时）
The
UK
consists
of
Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland.
＝Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland
make
up
the
UK.
区别:separate
...
from和divide...into
separate
...
from
(把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来）；
divide...into
把…分开
（把整体分为若干部分）
The
teacher
divided
the
class
into
two
groups.
老师把全班分成两个组。
The
Taiwan
Strait
separates
Taiwan
from
Fujian.台湾海峡将台湾和福建分开。
debate
about
sth.
争论某事
They
debate
about
the
proposal
for
three
days.
这个提议他们已经争论三天了。
区别：debate
/argue/
quarrel
Debate：着重双方各自陈述理由,尤其
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是公开地辩论；
argue：辩论,争论,讨论.指举出理由或事实来与对方争辩,有“企图说服对方”的含义；
quarrel：争吵,争辩,吵架.侧重用“口角”的方式争执。
clarify:
vt./vi.
(cau
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se
sth.
to
)become
clear
or
easier
to
understand
澄清；阐明;清楚；明了
I
hope
what
I
say
wil
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
clarify
the
situation.
Can
you
clarify
the
question
be
linked
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )=
be
connected
to
/be
joined
to
连接；习惯搭配：
link
A
to
B
将A和B连接起来
refer
to
1)提及，指的是……
When
he
said
“some
students”,
do
you
think
he
was
referring
to
us
参考；查阅；询问
If
you
don't
understand
a
word
you
may
refer
to
your
dictionaries.
如果你不理解单词的意思，你可以查阅你的字典。
Please
refer
to
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
last
page
of
the
book
for
answers.
请参考本书最后一页的答案。
关系到；关乎
What
I
have
to
say
refers
to
all
of
you.我必须说的事情关系到你们每一个人。
This
rule
refers
to
everyone.
这天规则关乎所有人。
reference:
n.
参考
reference
books
参考书
to
one's
surprise
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
(prep)，
“to
one's
+
名词”
表示
“令某人……”，
常见的名词有
“delight,
disappointment,
enjoyment,
astonishment
等；
I
discovered,
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my
horror,
that
the
goods
were
entirely
unfit
for
sale.
令我害怕的是，我发现所有的产品都不适合出售。
To
John's
great
relief
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
they
reached
the
house
at
last.
让约翰如释重负的是，他们终于到家了。
...
found
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mselves
united
peacefully,
“find
+宾语＋宾补(
adj;
adv;
v-ing;
pp;
介词短语；不定式）”
A
cook
will
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be
immediately
fired
if
he
is
found
smoking
in
the
kitchen.
一旦厨师被发现在厨房吸烟，他立刻会被开除。
You'll
find
him
easy
to
get
along
with.
你将会发现他很容易相处。
They
found
themselves
trapped
by
the
bush
fire.
他们发现他们自己被丛林火包围住了。
When
I
woke
up,
I
found
myself
in
hospital.我醒来的时候，发现我躺在医院里面。
I
called
on
him
ye
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sterday,
but
I
found
him
out.
昨天我给他打了电话，但我发现他出去了。
get
sth
done
=have
sth
done
使某事被做……；
I'll
just
get
thes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
dishes
washed
and
then
I'll
come.
我将要去洗了这些盘子，然后才来。
get
+
n.
+
to
do；
get
+
n.
+
doing：
You'll
get
her
to
agree.
你会让她同意的。
I'll
get
the
car
going.
我将把车开出去。
get
done:
用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”
break
away
(from
sb
/
sth)
脱离；破除…
It
is
not
easy
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or
him
to
break
away
from
bad
habits.
摆脱坏习惯对他来说不是很容易。
The
man
broke
away
from
his
guards.这个人摆脱了守卫。
关连短语：break
down
(会谈)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障；(人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控；break
in
闯入；打岔；break
off
中断，折断；
break
into
闯入；break
out
爆发;发生
；break
up
驱散；分散，拆散
His
car
broke
down
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
on
the
way
to
work
this
morning.今天早上，他的车在上班的路上出了故障。
His
health
broke
down
under
the
pressure
of
work.
工作的压力是他的健康状况变得很糟。
He
broke
down
and
wept
when
he
heard
the
news.
当他听到这个消息，他失控地哭了起来。
Talks
between
the
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wo
countries
have
completely
broken
down.两国之间的谈话彻底失败了。
as
well
as
不仅…而且；既…又…；
He
is
a
teacher
as
well
as
a
writer.
他不仅是一名老师，而且还是一名作家。
The
children
as
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
well
as
their
father
were
seen
playing
football
in
the
street.
孩子们和父亲被看到在街上踢球。
convenience:
n.方便；便利（convenient:
adj.
方便的）
We
bought
this
house
for
its
convenience.
我们应为该房子的便利而买了它。
attraction:
（attract:
v.）
.
吸引；引力(不可数
n.)
attraction
of
gravitation
重力
.
吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数
n.)
He
can't
resist
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
attraction
of
the
sea
on
a
hot
day.
他无法抵制大热天里海洋对他的吸引力。
A
big
city
offers
many
and
varied
attractions.
大城市会提供许多不同的吸引人的东西。
What
are
the
principle
attractions
this
evening
今晚有什么精彩的节目？
influence
1)
v.
对…产生影响
What
influence
you
to
choose
a
career
in
teaching
什么影响了你选择教师职业？
可数n.
产生影响的人或事
He
is
one
of
the
good
influences
in
the
school.
他在学校是个会产生好的影响的人。
(不可数n.)
影响
A
teacher
has
great
influence
over
his
pupils.
老师会对他的学生产生大的影响。
重点语法总结
过去分词作宾补用法归纳：
英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：
She
found
the
door
broken
in
when
she
came
back.
(the
door与broken
in有被动的关系或动宾关系，即break
的宾语是door。)
一．
过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,
leave等的后面：
They
kept
the
door
locked
for
a
long
time.
Keep
your
mouth
shut
and
your
eyes
open.
二．过分词用在get,
have,
make
的后面：
1.
“have
+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：
A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"
The
villagers
had
many
trees
planted
just
then.
（tree
and
plant是动宾关系）
B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受.
.
.
.
影响，蒙受.
.
.
.
.
损失"
He
had
his
leg
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
broken
in
the
match
yesterday.
（his
leg
and
break是动宾关系）
2.
在"make+宾语+过去分词"中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。
I
raised
my
voice
to
make
myself
heard.
（myself
and
hear是动宾关系）
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,
notice,
see,
hear,
listen
to,
feel,
find等后面。
When
we
got
to
school,
we
saw
the
door
locked.
过去分词用在want,
wish,
like
,expect等表示“希望，愿望”动词后面做宾补。
The
boss
wouldn't
like
the
problem
discussed.
过去分词用在“with
+宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The
thief
was
brought
in
with
his
hands
tied
behind
his
back.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
分析
I
heard
the
song
sung
in
English.
I
saw
him
opening
the
window.
（同时进行）
I
heard
her
sing
the
song
in
English.（全过程）
总结：1）过去分词作宾补：宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。
2）-ing形式作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
3）不定式作宾补：表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。