Unit 5 Working the land 一轮复习 导学案（含答案）-2026届高三英语人教版选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 5 Working the land 一轮复习 导学案（含答案）-2026届高三英语人教版选择性必修第一册 |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-09-07 19:36:08 | ||
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选择性必修第一册 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
【词句积累】
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.hybrid n. 杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车
2.crisis n.(pl.crises) 危机;危急关头
3.conventional adj. 传统的;习惯的
4.pollinate vt. 授粉;传粉
5.domestic adj. 本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的
6.strain n. (动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力
7.celebrity n. 名望;名誉;名人;名流
8.envision vt. 展望;想象
9.sorghum n. 高粱;高粱米
10.broom n. 扫把;扫帚;金雀花
11.urban adj. 城市的;都市的;城镇的
12.alleviate vt. 减轻;缓解
13.fertiliser (NAmE-izer) n. 肥料
14.organic adj. 有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的
15.pesticide n. 杀虫剂;除害药物
16.bacterium n.(pl.bacteria) 细菌
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.tackle the problem 处理这个问题
2.boost his confidence 增强他的信心
3.high yield 高产量
4.a characteristic feature 一个典型的特征
5.attain a pilot’s licence 获得飞行员执照
6.an intense debate 一场激烈的争论
7.overcome fear 克服恐惧
8.video output 视频输出
9.a rough estimate 粗略的估计
prise 327 paintings 包括327幅画
11.generate profit 产生利润
12.at my leisure 在我闲暇时
13.soft soil 软土
14.broad vision 广阔的视野
15.a shortage of grain 谷物短缺
16.the atomic bomb 原子弹
17.a railway tunnel 一条铁路隧道
18.wheat harvest 麦收
19.a smoky flavour 烟熏的味道
20.receive widespread support 得到广泛的支持
21.digest food properly 正常消化食物
22.essential conditions 完全必要的条件
23.the intake of minerals 矿物质的摄入量
24.have no alternative 别无选择
25.instances of injustice 不公正的实例
26.the root of the problem 这个问题的根源
27.in this aspect 在这方面
28.a small grocery 一家小食品杂货店
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.devote vt. 把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
devoted adj. 挚爱的;全心全意的;忠诚的
devotion n. 奉献;忠诚;挚爱
2.shortage n. 不足;缺少;短缺
short adj. 短的;矮的;缺乏的;简略的
shorten vt.& vi. 缩短
3.convince vt. 使相信;使确信;说服
convincing adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
convinced adj. 确信的;坚信的
4.assumption n. 假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得
assume v. 假定;设想;承担;假装
assuming conj. 假定;假设
5.expand vt.& vi. 扩大;增加
vt. 扩展;发展(业务)
expansion n. 扩大;扩张;扩充
6.consumption n. 消耗;消耗量;消费
consume vt. 消耗;消费;吃;喝
consumer n. 消费者;用户;客户
7.reality n. 现实;实际情况;事实
real adj. 真实的
realise vt. 实现;意识到
8.salty adj. 含盐的;咸的
salt n. 盐
9.extension n. 扩建部分;扩大;电话分机
extend vt. 伸开;展开;延伸
extensive adj. 广阔的;大规模的;广泛的
10.chemical adj. 与化学有关的;化学的
n. 化学制品;化学品
chemist n. 化学家;药剂师
chemically adv. 化学上地
chemistry n. 化学
11.nutrition n. 营养;滋养
nutritional adj. 营养(物)的
nutritious adj. 有营养的;营养丰富的
12.poverty n. 贫穷;贫困
poor adj. 贫穷的
poorly adv. 糟糕地 adj.不适;不舒服
13.depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)
deep adj. 深的
deeply adv. 深深地;强烈地
deepen vt. 加深;(使)变深
14.entirely adv. 全部地;完整地;完全地
entire adj. 全部的;完全的
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.be comprised of 包括;包含;由……组成(或构成)
2.devote...to 把……用于;献身;致力;专心
3.cause damage to 对……造成损害
4.be rich in 富含……;……含量高
5.depend on 依靠
6.focus on 关注;聚焦
7.deep down 在内心深处;本质上;实际上
8.for instance 例如;比如
9.far from 远非;绝不是
10.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.However,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.(what引导主语从句)
然而,最让他担心的是,农民常常收成不好,有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
2.Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.(it作形式主语)
据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
3.Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.(given that引导状语从句)
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
4.Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground,making it ready for the next batch of crops.(现在分词短语作状语)
种植不同的作物是因为他们把重要的矿物质带回土壤,使其为下一批作物生长做好准备。
5.Indeed,his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he had devoted his life.(人物描写)
确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-th构成抽象名词,表示行为、性质、状态、情况
直接加-th warm→warmth温暖;grow→growth成长
去掉尾字母e加-th true→truth真理;wide→width宽度
去掉中间字母e加-th deep→depth深度
把ong改为eng再加-th long→length长度;strong→strength力量
【考点突破】
一、热考词汇
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于(常与介词to连用)
(devoted adj.挚爱的;忠诚的;全心全意的 devotion n.奉献;忠诚;挚爱)
【佳句背诵】
The doctor devotes all his time to saving people’s life,winning respect from the country.(人物介绍)
这位医生毕生致力于挽救人们的生命,因而赢得了全国人民的尊重。
devote...to (doing) sth 把……奉献给;把……专注于;献身;致力
devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事;献身于(做)某事
be devoted to (doing) sth 专心于(做)某事;致力于(做)某事
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Yuan Longping devoted (he) to studying hybrid rice and he was respected by people all over the world.(人物介绍)
→ , Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
→ , Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(形容词短语作状语)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
②Sun Yat-sen and strengthening China.Though he did not live to fully realize his vision,Sun is still remembered as a great politician.(人物介绍;2023·全国甲卷)
孙中山一生致力于改善和强大中国。虽然他在世时未能完全实现他的愿景,但仍然作为一位伟大的政治家被人们铭记。
2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服
(convinced adj.确信的;坚信的 convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的)
【佳句背诵】
My parents have always convinced me to challenge myself,for which I’m really grateful.
我的父母一直说服我去挑战自己,对此我非常感激。
convince sb of sth 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
be convinced (that...)/of... (某人)坚信……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①You need to convince them your enthusiasm for the job.
②I (convince) that you like paper-cutting,so I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition.(邀请信)
→ ,I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition.(分词短语作状语)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③After a long discussion, and decide to join in the cross-country run,which would test both his endurance and determination.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
经过长时间的讨论,我终于说服了他接受挑战并决定参加越野赛,这将考验他的耐力和决心。
【片段巩固】
用devote;convince完成续写片段
续写训练之情节线:莎拉致力于学习→朋友邀请她加入学校的辩论队→她不确定自己是否能够同时兼顾→说服自己可以平衡时间→决定尝试一下→加入辩论队成为她做过的最好的决定之一
3.assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得(assume v.假定;设想;承担;假装
assuming conj.假定;假设)
【佳句背诵】
We make an assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the party and is making preparations.
我们假设每个被邀请的人都会出席聚会,并且正在做准备。
on the assumption that... 假定……
make an assumption 作出主观推断
assume sb/sth (to be)+adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为……
assuming (that)... 假设……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/句式升级
①The teacher assumed the new student (be) shy because he didn’t participate in class discussions during his first week.(人物描写)
②People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
→ not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory.(it作形式主语)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Some students may share common interests or learning needs,and they can help and motivate each other.However, , their full potential might not be realized.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
有些学生可能有共同的兴趣或学习需求,他们可以互相帮助和激励。然而,假设他们被分配到了不同的小组,他们的潜力可能无法得到充分发挥。
4.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的(alternatively adv.可供选择地)
【佳句背诵】
The Internet also provides us with an alternative to communicating with others.
互联网还为我们提供了一种与他人沟通的替代方式。
have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to... ……的替代品
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①I could come to your house,or (alternative),we could meet in the town.
②After missing the last bus, in the rain.
错过最后一班公交车后,我们别无选择,只好在雨中步行回家。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Firstly,shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, for short trips.(发言稿;2024·全国甲卷)
首先,共享单车已成为城市出行的象征,为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠且绿色的选择。
5.in turn转而;相应地;反过来;依次;轮流
【佳句背诵】
In the past,it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and in turn,we should give a helping hand to them from now on.(发言稿;2020·天津卷)
过去是我们的父母和老师在很多方面帮助了我们,反过来,我们也应该从现在开始帮助他们。
by turns 轮流
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
It is one’s turn to do sth轮到某人做某事
It turns/turned out that... 结果……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①They cleaned the house turns,one sweeping the floors while the other dusted the furniture.
② , I was a little nervous.
当轮到我演讲的时候,我有点紧张。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Some student representatives speeches in the meeting.Finally .(发言稿;2020·天津卷)
一些学生代表在会议中轮流发言。终于轮到我发言了。
④ when the popcorn was sold out quickly.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
结果爆米花很快就售光了,孩子们的努力取得了回报。
【片段巩固】
用assumption;alternative;in turn完成一段学习心得体会
心得体会之写作提示:起初,认为参加额外的课程是提高成绩的唯一方法→找到了一个替代方案:小组学习→这个替代方案反过来帮助他们更好地理解难题→可以一起讨论问题,相互学习对方的长处
二、一词多义
1.digest /da d est/ vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟 / da d est/ n.文摘(生义);摘要
①It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting.
②This food digests well,so you can feed it to your baby.
③I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.
2.flavour / fle v / n.味道;特点;特色 vt.给……调味(生义)
①French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavour bombs.
②As you know,I like essays with an acrid flavour.
③Mother flavours her custards with lemon extract.
④This movie really catches the flavour of New York.
3.overcome / v k m/ vt.克服;解决;战胜(生义)
①Cheer up and you are bound to overcome the present difficulty.
②In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.
4.root /ru t/ n.根;根茎;根部;根源(生义)
①The roots of the old tree spread deep into the ground,providing stability even during strong winds.
②The root of the problem lies in poor communication between team members.
③The gardener carefully trimmed (修剪) the roots of the plant before replanting it in a larger pot.
5.yield /ji ld/ n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步(生义)
①The yield of corn this year was higher than expected due to favorable weather conditions.
②The new farming techniques have yielded better crops and higher profits for the farmers.
③After a long debate,he finally yielded to his parents’ wishes and chose to study law.
6.boost /bu st/ vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励(生义)
Emily decided to boost① her math skills by practicing every day after school.This extra effort gave her a significant boost② in her test scores,and her confidence received a boost③ as well.Her teacher noticed the improvement and praised her hard work,which motivated her to keep going.
三、写作迁移
句型公式:given that引导条件状语从句
课本原句:Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
【佳句背诵】
Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival,Dragon Boat Festival,I am writing to introduce it to you.(节日介绍)
鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣,我写信向您介绍端午节。
“given that”作连词,后接状语从句,意为“假如;考虑到;既然”
【以练促学】
单句写作
① , he instantly seized the bike tightly and threw it towards the wolf with all his strength.
(动作链)考虑到没有人帮他,他立即抓牢自行车,用尽全力把它扔向了狼。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
② , our school organized a cross-country running race last Sunday.(活动介绍;2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
考虑到我们学生需要更多的体育锻炼,我们学校上周日举行了一次越野赛跑。
【能力突破练】
维度一 单元知识运用
1.The scientist is devoted to (research) new methods for renewable energy.
2.I finally convinced my brother (join) the school’s soccer team after showing him how much fun it could be.
3.They planned the picnic on the (assume) that the weather would be sunny.
4.When the car broke down,we had no alternative but (walk) the rest of the way.
5.Her kindness inspired others,and they, turn,spread kindness to others.
6. surprised everyone was how quickly the project was completed.
7. (give) that it was her first time cooking,the meal turned out to be delicious.
维度二 单元知识拾遗
1. , the government introduced stricter environmental regulations.
为了解决污染问题,政府推出了更严格的环境法规。
2.She worked hard to of public speaking by practicing in front of small groups.
她通过在小团体前练习,努力克服对公众演讲的恐惧。
3. over one million people will attend the festival this year.
据估计,今年将有超过一百万人参加这个节日。
4. , each focusing on a different aspect of history.
这本书由十章组成,每章都侧重于历史的不同方面。
5.She seemed confident,but , she was very nervous about the competition.
她看起来很自信,但在内心深处,她对比赛非常紧张。
6.Many fruits, , apples and oranges,are rich in vitamins.
许多水果,例如苹果和橙子,都富含维生素。
7.Her love for nature her childhood experiences in the countryside.
她对大自然的热爱深深植根于她的乡村童年经历。
8. ,she strives to do her best and be kind to others.
在生活的每一个方面,她都努力做到最好并善待他人。
维度三 单元话题写作(短文投稿——用英文讲中国故事)
(2023·全国甲卷改编)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国优秀伟人为题写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.人物简介及事迹;2.意义或启示。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.我相信,被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国农业发展中最具影响力的人物之一。(convince)
2.他毕生致力于研发高产水稻品种,这些品种极大地增加了中国的粮食产量,并帮助许多发展中国家缓解了饥饿。(devote...to;alleviate;定语从句)
3.面对研究经费和先进研究设备的短缺,他没有放弃,而是竭尽全力逐个克服这些困难。(shortage;overcome)
4.鉴于他已经实现了自己想要的,很多人可能会认为他会退休过悠闲的生活,但他没有。(given that...;leisure)
5.即使在晚年,他仍在不断地追求梦想,研发产量更高的品种,这对我们所有人而言都是一种激励。(strain;yield;定语从句)
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:新同学杰克被同学嘲笑为“垃圾王”,但后来通过他的发明才华改变了同学们对他的看法,杰克提到他的最新发明遇到了一个问题,即如何让一辆用来买蔬菜的小推车的质量变轻,除了车轮外,其他材料都解决了。
场景续写1:
回到家喝了一瓶水→“我”突然有了一个想法→能不能用瓶盖作为蔬菜车的轮子呢 →这似乎是一个简单的解决方案→第二天“我”与小组分享了“我”的想法→杰克意识到这个建议的潜力时,他的眼睛充满了热情→“我们”立即开始搜集尽可能多的瓶盖
When I got home and drank a bottle of water,I suddenly had an idea.
场景续写2:
杰克确实采纳了“我”的建议→他在蔬菜车上装上了一排瓶盖作为轮子→集体努力和创造力结出了果实→车子滚动得很顺利→这次经历教会了“我们”合作、创新的力量
Jack indeed adopted my suggestion and fixed a row of bottle caps as wheels on his vegetable cart.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B)
Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand,let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don’t think.“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A.We pay little attention to food waste.
B.We waste food unintentionally at times.
C.We waste more vegetables than meat.
D.We have good reasons for wasting food.
25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text
A.Moral decline.
B.Environmental harm.
C.Energy shortage.
D.Worldwide starvation.
26.What does Curtin’s company do
A.It produces kitchen equipment.
B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.
D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27.What does Curtin suggest people do
A.Buy only what is needed.
B.Reduce food consumption.
C.Go shopping once a week.
D.Eat in restaurants less often.
思维建模
1.一个命题原则——定位信息知晓导向性
命题人一般会遵循顺序性原则,即一篇阅读短文的第二个小题的题眼(答案信息点)一般在第一个小题后面,第三个小题的题眼又会在第二个小题后面,依次类推。了解这一原则对于迅速定位信息有重要的导向作用。
以例示法
24题的答案在第一段最后一句;25题的答案在第三段第一、二句;26题的答案在第四段;27题的答案在最后一段。根据这一规律,能够迅速定位关键信息。
2.两种读文技巧——选定其一养成习惯性
以例示法
上面两种方法的采用依个人习惯和文章具体特点而定。如应用文一般采用“先题后文”法,而对于记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议文体(如该篇文章)等文体,“文章→问题→文章”法更合适。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:roast adj.烘烤的,烤制的;stick v.(迅速而随意地)摆放,放置;Para.2:jaw-dropping adj.令人吃惊的;grocer n.食品杂货商,食品杂货店;Para.4:rot v.(使)腐败,(使)腐烂; Para.5:purchase v.购买 Para.1:go to waste被浪费掉;go bad变质腐坏; even worse更糟糕的是;Para.2:go against不利于;违反;反对;moral grain道德准则;throw away扔掉,丢弃; large amounts of大量;Para.4:at the back of在……背后,支持;在……的后面;Para.5:play a part in参与;起作用;扮演角色
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,”as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. [句式分析] 这是一个复合句。句子主干为主谓状结构;where引导定语从句,修饰先行词world;as引导定语从句,修饰food waste goes against the moral grain。 [尝试翻译] [语言赏析] 文章通过引用Elizabeth Royte的话,不仅增强了句子的权威性,也借助这位知名作家的观点来进一步强调了食物浪费的问题。此外,数字的使用也增强了句子的说服力和冲击力,通过具体数字nearly 800 million people来强调全球饥饿问题的严重性,帮助读者更直观地理解问题的规模。
参考答案
【考点突破】
No.1 热考词汇
1.①himself;Devoting himself to studying hybrid rice;Devoted to studying hybrid rice ②devoted all his life to improving
2.①of ②am convinced;Convinced that you like paper-cutting
③I finally convinced him to take up the challenge
片段巩固
Sarah was always devoted to her studies.However,when her friend invited her to join the school’s debate team,she wasn’t sure if she could handle both.After some thought,Sarah convinced herself that she could balance her time and decided to give it a try.Joining the debate team turned out to be one of the best decisions she ever made.
3.①to be ②It is generally assumed that ③on the assumption that/assuming that they are assigned to different groups
4.①alternatively ②we had no alternative but to walk home ③offering an affordable and green alternative
5.①by ②When it was my turn to give a speech ③take turns to deliver;it is my turn to speak ④It turned out that the children’s efforts paid off
片段巩固
At first,students made an assumption that taking extra classes was the only way to improve grades.However,many students found an alternative: studying in groups.This alternative,in turn,helped them understand difficult subjects better,as they could discuss problems together and learn from each other’s strengths.
No.2 一词多义/熟词生义
1.①vt.领会;领悟 ②vi.消化 ③n.文摘
2.①n.味道 ②n.特点 ③vt.给……调味 ④n.特色
3.①vt.克服;解决 ②vt.战胜
4.①n.根;根茎 ②n.根源 ③n.根部
5.①n.产量;产出 ②vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) ③vi.屈服;让步
6.①vt.使增长 ②n.增长;提高 ③n.激励
No.3 写作迁移
①Given that there was nobody to help him ②Given that we students need more physical exercise
【能力突破练】
维度一 1.researching 2.to join 3.assumption 4.to walk
5.in 6.What 7.Given
维度二 1.To tackle the problem of pollution 2.overcome her fear 3.It is estimated that 4.The book is comprised of ten chapters 5.deep down 6.for instance 7.is deeply rooted in 8.In every aspect of her life
维度三 第一步
1.I am convinced that Yuan Longping,known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”,is one of the most influential figures in China’s agricultural development.
2.He devoted his entire life to developing high-yield rice varieties,which have greatly increased China’s food production and helped alleviate hunger in many developing countries.
3.Faced with the shortage of research funds and advanced research equipment,he didn’t give up but spared no effort to overcome them one by one.
4.Given that he had achieved what he wanted,many people might think he would have retired to a life of leisure,but he didn’t.
5.He kept on dreaming up and developing strains with higher yields even in his later years,which serves as an inspiration to us all.
第二步
I am convinced that Yuan Longping,known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”,is one of the most influential figures in China’s agricultural development.
He devoted his entire life to developing high-yield rice varieties,which have greatly increased China’s food production and helped alleviate hunger in many developing countries.He was a person of high perseverance and determination.Faced with the shortage of research funds and advanced research equipment,he didn’t give up but spared no effort to overcome them one by one.Without his efforts,many people in the world might still stay in hunger.
Given that he had achieved what he wanted,many people might think he would have retired to a life of leisure,but he didn’t.He kept on dreaming up and developing strains with higher yields even in his later years,which serves as an inspiration to us all.
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
【参考范文】
When I got home and drank a bottle of water,I suddenly had an idea.What if we could use bottle caps as wheels for Jack’s vegetable cart It seemed like a simple solution,but it could work if we found enough bottle caps.Excited,I shared my idea with the group the next day.Jack’s eyes lit up with enthusiasm as he realized the potential of this suggestion.We immediately set out to collect as many bottle caps as we could find,not only searching the garbage dumps but also asking friends and family to save them for us.
Jack indeed adopted my suggestion and fixed a row of bottle caps as wheels on his vegetable cart.It was a moment of triumph for all of us,seeing our collective efforts and creativity come to fruition.The cart rolled smoothly,and we celebrated our success with high-fives and laughter.This experience taught us the power of collaboration,innovation,and looking beyond the surface of things.Inspired by Jack’s ingenuity,our group continued to explore ways to repurpose waste,knowing that small actions could lead to big changes in our community and beyond.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文,文章主要呼吁人们节约粮食,减少浪费,珍惜劳动成果,保护自然资源。
24.B [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,更糟糕的是,作者不假思索地买了太多芝麻菜,而作者本可以用扔掉的芝麻菜做六份沙拉。由此可知,我们有时会在无意中浪费食物,故选B项。]
25.B [细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知,生产没人吃的食物会浪费种植食物所消耗的水、燃料和其他资源,这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。由此可知,食物浪费的一个后果是对环境的危害,故选B项。]
26.D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的Curtin is CEO...rotted in fields.可知,该公司回收食物并将其转变为健康食品。它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品,回收了超过807,500磅的食物,否则这些农产品会在地里腐烂。由此可推知,Curtin的公司会将一些人们不需要的东西变成可以吃的健康食物,故选D项。]
27.A [推理判断题。根据最后一段Curtin所说的话可推断出,Curtin建议人们不要买过多的食物,就购买自己所需要的量就好,故选A项。]
析长难语句
在一个每年近8亿人挨饿的世界里,正如Elizabeth Royte在本月的封面故事中所写,“浪费食物违背了道德原则。”
【词句积累】
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.hybrid n. 杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车
2.crisis n.(pl.crises) 危机;危急关头
3.conventional adj. 传统的;习惯的
4.pollinate vt. 授粉;传粉
5.domestic adj. 本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的
6.strain n. (动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力
7.celebrity n. 名望;名誉;名人;名流
8.envision vt. 展望;想象
9.sorghum n. 高粱;高粱米
10.broom n. 扫把;扫帚;金雀花
11.urban adj. 城市的;都市的;城镇的
12.alleviate vt. 减轻;缓解
13.fertiliser (NAmE-izer) n. 肥料
14.organic adj. 有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的
15.pesticide n. 杀虫剂;除害药物
16.bacterium n.(pl.bacteria) 细菌
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.tackle the problem 处理这个问题
2.boost his confidence 增强他的信心
3.high yield 高产量
4.a characteristic feature 一个典型的特征
5.attain a pilot’s licence 获得飞行员执照
6.an intense debate 一场激烈的争论
7.overcome fear 克服恐惧
8.video output 视频输出
9.a rough estimate 粗略的估计
prise 327 paintings 包括327幅画
11.generate profit 产生利润
12.at my leisure 在我闲暇时
13.soft soil 软土
14.broad vision 广阔的视野
15.a shortage of grain 谷物短缺
16.the atomic bomb 原子弹
17.a railway tunnel 一条铁路隧道
18.wheat harvest 麦收
19.a smoky flavour 烟熏的味道
20.receive widespread support 得到广泛的支持
21.digest food properly 正常消化食物
22.essential conditions 完全必要的条件
23.the intake of minerals 矿物质的摄入量
24.have no alternative 别无选择
25.instances of injustice 不公正的实例
26.the root of the problem 这个问题的根源
27.in this aspect 在这方面
28.a small grocery 一家小食品杂货店
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.devote vt. 把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
devoted adj. 挚爱的;全心全意的;忠诚的
devotion n. 奉献;忠诚;挚爱
2.shortage n. 不足;缺少;短缺
short adj. 短的;矮的;缺乏的;简略的
shorten vt.& vi. 缩短
3.convince vt. 使相信;使确信;说服
convincing adj. 有说服力的;令人信服的
convinced adj. 确信的;坚信的
4.assumption n. 假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得
assume v. 假定;设想;承担;假装
assuming conj. 假定;假设
5.expand vt.& vi. 扩大;增加
vt. 扩展;发展(业务)
expansion n. 扩大;扩张;扩充
6.consumption n. 消耗;消耗量;消费
consume vt. 消耗;消费;吃;喝
consumer n. 消费者;用户;客户
7.reality n. 现实;实际情况;事实
real adj. 真实的
realise vt. 实现;意识到
8.salty adj. 含盐的;咸的
salt n. 盐
9.extension n. 扩建部分;扩大;电话分机
extend vt. 伸开;展开;延伸
extensive adj. 广阔的;大规模的;广泛的
10.chemical adj. 与化学有关的;化学的
n. 化学制品;化学品
chemist n. 化学家;药剂师
chemically adv. 化学上地
chemistry n. 化学
11.nutrition n. 营养;滋养
nutritional adj. 营养(物)的
nutritious adj. 有营养的;营养丰富的
12.poverty n. 贫穷;贫困
poor adj. 贫穷的
poorly adv. 糟糕地 adj.不适;不舒服
13.depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)
deep adj. 深的
deeply adv. 深深地;强烈地
deepen vt. 加深;(使)变深
14.entirely adv. 全部地;完整地;完全地
entire adj. 全部的;完全的
Ⅳ.短语词块
1.be comprised of 包括;包含;由……组成(或构成)
2.devote...to 把……用于;献身;致力;专心
3.cause damage to 对……造成损害
4.be rich in 富含……;……含量高
5.depend on 依靠
6.focus on 关注;聚焦
7.deep down 在内心深处;本质上;实际上
8.for instance 例如;比如
9.far from 远非;绝不是
10.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
Ⅴ.教材佳句
1.However,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.(what引导主语从句)
然而,最让他担心的是,农民常常收成不好,有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
2.Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.(it作形式主语)
据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
3.Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.(given that引导状语从句)
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
4.Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground,making it ready for the next batch of crops.(现在分词短语作状语)
种植不同的作物是因为他们把重要的矿物质带回土壤,使其为下一批作物生长做好准备。
5.Indeed,his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he had devoted his life.(人物描写)
确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-th构成抽象名词,表示行为、性质、状态、情况
直接加-th warm→warmth温暖;grow→growth成长
去掉尾字母e加-th true→truth真理;wide→width宽度
去掉中间字母e加-th deep→depth深度
把ong改为eng再加-th long→length长度;strong→strength力量
【考点突破】
一、热考词汇
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于(常与介词to连用)
(devoted adj.挚爱的;忠诚的;全心全意的 devotion n.奉献;忠诚;挚爱)
【佳句背诵】
The doctor devotes all his time to saving people’s life,winning respect from the country.(人物介绍)
这位医生毕生致力于挽救人们的生命,因而赢得了全国人民的尊重。
devote...to (doing) sth 把……奉献给;把……专注于;献身;致力
devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事;献身于(做)某事
be devoted to (doing) sth 专心于(做)某事;致力于(做)某事
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Yuan Longping devoted (he) to studying hybrid rice and he was respected by people all over the world.(人物介绍)
→ , Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
→ , Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(形容词短语作状语)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
②Sun Yat-sen and strengthening China.Though he did not live to fully realize his vision,Sun is still remembered as a great politician.(人物介绍;2023·全国甲卷)
孙中山一生致力于改善和强大中国。虽然他在世时未能完全实现他的愿景,但仍然作为一位伟大的政治家被人们铭记。
2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服
(convinced adj.确信的;坚信的 convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的)
【佳句背诵】
My parents have always convinced me to challenge myself,for which I’m really grateful.
我的父母一直说服我去挑战自己,对此我非常感激。
convince sb of sth 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
be convinced (that...)/of... (某人)坚信……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①You need to convince them your enthusiasm for the job.
②I (convince) that you like paper-cutting,so I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition.(邀请信)
→ ,I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition.(分词短语作状语)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③After a long discussion, and decide to join in the cross-country run,which would test both his endurance and determination.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
经过长时间的讨论,我终于说服了他接受挑战并决定参加越野赛,这将考验他的耐力和决心。
【片段巩固】
用devote;convince完成续写片段
续写训练之情节线:莎拉致力于学习→朋友邀请她加入学校的辩论队→她不确定自己是否能够同时兼顾→说服自己可以平衡时间→决定尝试一下→加入辩论队成为她做过的最好的决定之一
3.assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得(assume v.假定;设想;承担;假装
assuming conj.假定;假设)
【佳句背诵】
We make an assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the party and is making preparations.
我们假设每个被邀请的人都会出席聚会,并且正在做准备。
on the assumption that... 假定……
make an assumption 作出主观推断
assume sb/sth (to be)+adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为……
assuming (that)... 假设……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/句式升级
①The teacher assumed the new student (be) shy because he didn’t participate in class discussions during his first week.(人物描写)
②People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
→ not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory.(it作形式主语)
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Some students may share common interests or learning needs,and they can help and motivate each other.However, , their full potential might not be realized.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
有些学生可能有共同的兴趣或学习需求,他们可以互相帮助和激励。然而,假设他们被分配到了不同的小组,他们的潜力可能无法得到充分发挥。
4.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的(alternatively adv.可供选择地)
【佳句背诵】
The Internet also provides us with an alternative to communicating with others.
互联网还为我们提供了一种与他人沟通的替代方式。
have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to... ……的替代品
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①I could come to your house,or (alternative),we could meet in the town.
②After missing the last bus, in the rain.
错过最后一班公交车后,我们别无选择,只好在雨中步行回家。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Firstly,shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, for short trips.(发言稿;2024·全国甲卷)
首先,共享单车已成为城市出行的象征,为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠且绿色的选择。
5.in turn转而;相应地;反过来;依次;轮流
【佳句背诵】
In the past,it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and in turn,we should give a helping hand to them from now on.(发言稿;2020·天津卷)
过去是我们的父母和老师在很多方面帮助了我们,反过来,我们也应该从现在开始帮助他们。
by turns 轮流
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
It is one’s turn to do sth轮到某人做某事
It turns/turned out that... 结果……
【以练促学】
单句语法填空/单句写作
①They cleaned the house turns,one sweeping the floors while the other dusted the furniture.
② , I was a little nervous.
当轮到我演讲的时候,我有点紧张。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
③Some student representatives speeches in the meeting.Finally .(发言稿;2020·天津卷)
一些学生代表在会议中轮流发言。终于轮到我发言了。
④ when the popcorn was sold out quickly.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
结果爆米花很快就售光了,孩子们的努力取得了回报。
【片段巩固】
用assumption;alternative;in turn完成一段学习心得体会
心得体会之写作提示:起初,认为参加额外的课程是提高成绩的唯一方法→找到了一个替代方案:小组学习→这个替代方案反过来帮助他们更好地理解难题→可以一起讨论问题,相互学习对方的长处
二、一词多义
1.digest /da d est/ vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟 / da d est/ n.文摘(生义);摘要
①It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting.
②This food digests well,so you can feed it to your baby.
③I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.
2.flavour / fle v / n.味道;特点;特色 vt.给……调味(生义)
①French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavour bombs.
②As you know,I like essays with an acrid flavour.
③Mother flavours her custards with lemon extract.
④This movie really catches the flavour of New York.
3.overcome / v k m/ vt.克服;解决;战胜(生义)
①Cheer up and you are bound to overcome the present difficulty.
②In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.
4.root /ru t/ n.根;根茎;根部;根源(生义)
①The roots of the old tree spread deep into the ground,providing stability even during strong winds.
②The root of the problem lies in poor communication between team members.
③The gardener carefully trimmed (修剪) the roots of the plant before replanting it in a larger pot.
5.yield /ji ld/ n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步(生义)
①The yield of corn this year was higher than expected due to favorable weather conditions.
②The new farming techniques have yielded better crops and higher profits for the farmers.
③After a long debate,he finally yielded to his parents’ wishes and chose to study law.
6.boost /bu st/ vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励(生义)
Emily decided to boost① her math skills by practicing every day after school.This extra effort gave her a significant boost② in her test scores,and her confidence received a boost③ as well.Her teacher noticed the improvement and praised her hard work,which motivated her to keep going.
三、写作迁移
句型公式:given that引导条件状语从句
课本原句:Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
【佳句背诵】
Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival,Dragon Boat Festival,I am writing to introduce it to you.(节日介绍)
鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣,我写信向您介绍端午节。
“given that”作连词,后接状语从句,意为“假如;考虑到;既然”
【以练促学】
单句写作
① , he instantly seized the bike tightly and threw it towards the wolf with all his strength.
(动作链)考虑到没有人帮他,他立即抓牢自行车,用尽全力把它扔向了狼。
【教考衔接】
单句写作
② , our school organized a cross-country running race last Sunday.(活动介绍;2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
考虑到我们学生需要更多的体育锻炼,我们学校上周日举行了一次越野赛跑。
【能力突破练】
维度一 单元知识运用
1.The scientist is devoted to (research) new methods for renewable energy.
2.I finally convinced my brother (join) the school’s soccer team after showing him how much fun it could be.
3.They planned the picnic on the (assume) that the weather would be sunny.
4.When the car broke down,we had no alternative but (walk) the rest of the way.
5.Her kindness inspired others,and they, turn,spread kindness to others.
6. surprised everyone was how quickly the project was completed.
7. (give) that it was her first time cooking,the meal turned out to be delicious.
维度二 单元知识拾遗
1. , the government introduced stricter environmental regulations.
为了解决污染问题,政府推出了更严格的环境法规。
2.She worked hard to of public speaking by practicing in front of small groups.
她通过在小团体前练习,努力克服对公众演讲的恐惧。
3. over one million people will attend the festival this year.
据估计,今年将有超过一百万人参加这个节日。
4. , each focusing on a different aspect of history.
这本书由十章组成,每章都侧重于历史的不同方面。
5.She seemed confident,but , she was very nervous about the competition.
她看起来很自信,但在内心深处,她对比赛非常紧张。
6.Many fruits, , apples and oranges,are rich in vitamins.
许多水果,例如苹果和橙子,都富含维生素。
7.Her love for nature her childhood experiences in the countryside.
她对大自然的热爱深深植根于她的乡村童年经历。
8. ,she strives to do her best and be kind to others.
在生活的每一个方面,她都努力做到最好并善待他人。
维度三 单元话题写作(短文投稿——用英文讲中国故事)
(2023·全国甲卷改编)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国优秀伟人为题写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.人物简介及事迹;2.意义或启示。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.我相信,被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国农业发展中最具影响力的人物之一。(convince)
2.他毕生致力于研发高产水稻品种,这些品种极大地增加了中国的粮食产量,并帮助许多发展中国家缓解了饥饿。(devote...to;alleviate;定语从句)
3.面对研究经费和先进研究设备的短缺,他没有放弃,而是竭尽全力逐个克服这些困难。(shortage;overcome)
4.鉴于他已经实现了自己想要的,很多人可能会认为他会退休过悠闲的生活,但他没有。(given that...;leisure)
5.即使在晚年,他仍在不断地追求梦想,研发产量更高的品种,这对我们所有人而言都是一种激励。(strain;yield;定语从句)
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
续写构思训练(根据提示续写2场景)
场景导语:新同学杰克被同学嘲笑为“垃圾王”,但后来通过他的发明才华改变了同学们对他的看法,杰克提到他的最新发明遇到了一个问题,即如何让一辆用来买蔬菜的小推车的质量变轻,除了车轮外,其他材料都解决了。
场景续写1:
回到家喝了一瓶水→“我”突然有了一个想法→能不能用瓶盖作为蔬菜车的轮子呢 →这似乎是一个简单的解决方案→第二天“我”与小组分享了“我”的想法→杰克意识到这个建议的潜力时,他的眼睛充满了热情→“我们”立即开始搜集尽可能多的瓶盖
When I got home and drank a bottle of water,I suddenly had an idea.
场景续写2:
杰克确实采纳了“我”的建议→他在蔬菜车上装上了一排瓶盖作为轮子→集体努力和创造力结出了果实→车子滚动得很顺利→这次经历教会了“我们”合作、创新的力量
Jack indeed adopted my suggestion and fixed a row of bottle caps as wheels on his vegetable cart.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B)
Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand,let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don’t think.“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A.We pay little attention to food waste.
B.We waste food unintentionally at times.
C.We waste more vegetables than meat.
D.We have good reasons for wasting food.
25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text
A.Moral decline.
B.Environmental harm.
C.Energy shortage.
D.Worldwide starvation.
26.What does Curtin’s company do
A.It produces kitchen equipment.
B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.
D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27.What does Curtin suggest people do
A.Buy only what is needed.
B.Reduce food consumption.
C.Go shopping once a week.
D.Eat in restaurants less often.
思维建模
1.一个命题原则——定位信息知晓导向性
命题人一般会遵循顺序性原则,即一篇阅读短文的第二个小题的题眼(答案信息点)一般在第一个小题后面,第三个小题的题眼又会在第二个小题后面,依次类推。了解这一原则对于迅速定位信息有重要的导向作用。
以例示法
24题的答案在第一段最后一句;25题的答案在第三段第一、二句;26题的答案在第四段;27题的答案在最后一段。根据这一规律,能够迅速定位关键信息。
2.两种读文技巧——选定其一养成习惯性
以例示法
上面两种方法的采用依个人习惯和文章具体特点而定。如应用文一般采用“先题后文”法,而对于记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议文体(如该篇文章)等文体,“文章→问题→文章”法更合适。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
Para.1:roast adj.烘烤的,烤制的;stick v.(迅速而随意地)摆放,放置;Para.2:jaw-dropping adj.令人吃惊的;grocer n.食品杂货商,食品杂货店;Para.4:rot v.(使)腐败,(使)腐烂; Para.5:purchase v.购买 Para.1:go to waste被浪费掉;go bad变质腐坏; even worse更糟糕的是;Para.2:go against不利于;违反;反对;moral grain道德准则;throw away扔掉,丢弃; large amounts of大量;Para.4:at the back of在……背后,支持;在……的后面;Para.5:play a part in参与;起作用;扮演角色
析 长 难 语 句 Para.2:In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,”as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. [句式分析] 这是一个复合句。句子主干为主谓状结构;where引导定语从句,修饰先行词world;as引导定语从句,修饰food waste goes against the moral grain。 [尝试翻译] [语言赏析] 文章通过引用Elizabeth Royte的话,不仅增强了句子的权威性,也借助这位知名作家的观点来进一步强调了食物浪费的问题。此外,数字的使用也增强了句子的说服力和冲击力,通过具体数字nearly 800 million people来强调全球饥饿问题的严重性,帮助读者更直观地理解问题的规模。
参考答案
【考点突破】
No.1 热考词汇
1.①himself;Devoting himself to studying hybrid rice;Devoted to studying hybrid rice ②devoted all his life to improving
2.①of ②am convinced;Convinced that you like paper-cutting
③I finally convinced him to take up the challenge
片段巩固
Sarah was always devoted to her studies.However,when her friend invited her to join the school’s debate team,she wasn’t sure if she could handle both.After some thought,Sarah convinced herself that she could balance her time and decided to give it a try.Joining the debate team turned out to be one of the best decisions she ever made.
3.①to be ②It is generally assumed that ③on the assumption that/assuming that they are assigned to different groups
4.①alternatively ②we had no alternative but to walk home ③offering an affordable and green alternative
5.①by ②When it was my turn to give a speech ③take turns to deliver;it is my turn to speak ④It turned out that the children’s efforts paid off
片段巩固
At first,students made an assumption that taking extra classes was the only way to improve grades.However,many students found an alternative: studying in groups.This alternative,in turn,helped them understand difficult subjects better,as they could discuss problems together and learn from each other’s strengths.
No.2 一词多义/熟词生义
1.①vt.领会;领悟 ②vi.消化 ③n.文摘
2.①n.味道 ②n.特点 ③vt.给……调味 ④n.特色
3.①vt.克服;解决 ②vt.战胜
4.①n.根;根茎 ②n.根源 ③n.根部
5.①n.产量;产出 ②vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) ③vi.屈服;让步
6.①vt.使增长 ②n.增长;提高 ③n.激励
No.3 写作迁移
①Given that there was nobody to help him ②Given that we students need more physical exercise
【能力突破练】
维度一 1.researching 2.to join 3.assumption 4.to walk
5.in 6.What 7.Given
维度二 1.To tackle the problem of pollution 2.overcome her fear 3.It is estimated that 4.The book is comprised of ten chapters 5.deep down 6.for instance 7.is deeply rooted in 8.In every aspect of her life
维度三 第一步
1.I am convinced that Yuan Longping,known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”,is one of the most influential figures in China’s agricultural development.
2.He devoted his entire life to developing high-yield rice varieties,which have greatly increased China’s food production and helped alleviate hunger in many developing countries.
3.Faced with the shortage of research funds and advanced research equipment,he didn’t give up but spared no effort to overcome them one by one.
4.Given that he had achieved what he wanted,many people might think he would have retired to a life of leisure,but he didn’t.
5.He kept on dreaming up and developing strains with higher yields even in his later years,which serves as an inspiration to us all.
第二步
I am convinced that Yuan Longping,known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”,is one of the most influential figures in China’s agricultural development.
He devoted his entire life to developing high-yield rice varieties,which have greatly increased China’s food production and helped alleviate hunger in many developing countries.He was a person of high perseverance and determination.Faced with the shortage of research funds and advanced research equipment,he didn’t give up but spared no effort to overcome them one by one.Without his efforts,many people in the world might still stay in hunger.
Given that he had achieved what he wanted,many people might think he would have retired to a life of leisure,but he didn’t.He kept on dreaming up and developing strains with higher yields even in his later years,which serves as an inspiration to us all.
【读写素养培优练】
Part Ⅰ 续写能力提升
【参考范文】
When I got home and drank a bottle of water,I suddenly had an idea.What if we could use bottle caps as wheels for Jack’s vegetable cart It seemed like a simple solution,but it could work if we found enough bottle caps.Excited,I shared my idea with the group the next day.Jack’s eyes lit up with enthusiasm as he realized the potential of this suggestion.We immediately set out to collect as many bottle caps as we could find,not only searching the garbage dumps but also asking friends and family to save them for us.
Jack indeed adopted my suggestion and fixed a row of bottle caps as wheels on his vegetable cart.It was a moment of triumph for all of us,seeing our collective efforts and creativity come to fruition.The cart rolled smoothly,and we celebrated our success with high-fives and laughter.This experience taught us the power of collaboration,innovation,and looking beyond the surface of things.Inspired by Jack’s ingenuity,our group continued to explore ways to repurpose waste,knowing that small actions could lead to big changes in our community and beyond.
Part Ⅱ 高考同源研探
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文,文章主要呼吁人们节约粮食,减少浪费,珍惜劳动成果,保护自然资源。
24.B [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,更糟糕的是,作者不假思索地买了太多芝麻菜,而作者本可以用扔掉的芝麻菜做六份沙拉。由此可知,我们有时会在无意中浪费食物,故选B项。]
25.B [细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知,生产没人吃的食物会浪费种植食物所消耗的水、燃料和其他资源,这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。由此可知,食物浪费的一个后果是对环境的危害,故选B项。]
26.D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的Curtin is CEO...rotted in fields.可知,该公司回收食物并将其转变为健康食品。它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品,回收了超过807,500磅的食物,否则这些农产品会在地里腐烂。由此可推知,Curtin的公司会将一些人们不需要的东西变成可以吃的健康食物,故选D项。]
27.A [推理判断题。根据最后一段Curtin所说的话可推断出,Curtin建议人们不要买过多的食物,就购买自己所需要的量就好,故选A项。]
析长难语句
在一个每年近8亿人挨饿的世界里,正如Elizabeth Royte在本月的封面故事中所写,“浪费食物违背了道德原则。”