单元素养测评卷(一)
1—5 ACBAC6—10 BCCBC11—15 ACBCA16—20CCCAC
21—25 ACDDA 26—30 ACBBC 31—35 CABCB 36—40 FEGAC
41—45 CDACB 46—50 DBADD 51—55 BACAB
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
M: Does Lucy still play the violin
W: Yes, she is practising it every day. She used to play the piano and guitar.
Text 2
W: The T-shirt from Grandma looks nice on me. But the skirt she gave me isn’t big enough.
M: What about the hat Grandma gave you
W: It’s quite large, but I like it.
Text 3
M: Do you think we should take the subway to the sports complex
W: I think we’d better take a bus.
M: Are you kidding There’s no bus in that direction. Let’s take a taxi.
W: Up to you!
Text 4
W: I hear you had to change your plans for this weekend.
M: Yeah, I have to work so I can’t go to the beach with you.
W: That’s too bad.
M: Yeah, it’s just my luck.
Text 5
W: Sir, did you see the no parking sign
M: I won’t be here long. My wife will finish her movie in five minutes.
W: Sorry, sir, not even for one minute. You’ll get a parking fine if you don’t go.
Text 6
M: You played tennis fairly well.
W: Thanks. So did you.
M: Do you often come here to play
W: Not very often. I often play with other teachers in our school playground. What about you
M: I come here twice a week. I used to play with my brother in a stadium near my home. But he went abroad last month, so I have to find a new partner. I’m lucky enough to have such a good player like you in the club.
W: Thanks again. So much for the break and another round
M: OK. It’s your turn to serve the ball.
Text 7
M: Hi Maria, it’s James. I hear the school barbecue’s not on Wednesday now
W: Yeah, that’s right. Everyone’s busy on that day, so it’ll be on Thursday.
M: Good. When does it start
W: Well, that’s changed too. Instead of 7:15 it’ll be 6:30, because there’s a band booked for 7:45.
M: What kind of music They had a rock band at the last barbecue.
W: This band will be even better. They do hip hop and their singer is from South Africa. He also plays jazz but he’s not doing that at the barbecue.
M: Great! Where is the barbecue going to be
W: You’ll never guess—next to the swimming pool! The school secretary only agreed because we can’t use the garden this year, and there’s a match on the sports field.
M: Excellent! See you there.
W: Bye!
Text 8
M: Hi, Lorna! You seem busy.
W: Oh, hi! You can’t imagine what I have to finish by next Monday! The English literature course is so difficult! I have to read two novels by next Monday and compare them in a 3,000-word essay by next Friday.
M: So I suppose you don’t want to come to an exhibition with me this Saturday
W: I’d love to but there’s no way. I’m already behind with my writing class because I had a cold for a week and missed a few lessons. It’s OK for you. You seem to have loads of free time.
M: I guess we just don’t have as much academic work as you. My college life is interesting compared with yours. There’re varieties of live performances as an art major.
W: Yes. I’m bored with the life of reading and writing every day now.
M: Hey. Why don’t we stop talking Just work now. If you have finished everything by the 16th, we could go to that new play by the University Theatre Group.
W: OK. I’ll try. And I don’t want to miss the student party on the 28th, so I’d better get working.
Text 9
M: Good morning. This is Spa Heaven. How can I help you
W: Well, basically, I think I’m too tired and looking for some way to relax.
M: OK, sure. Did you know that we recently have a special offer which allows non-members to use our facilities without having to pay the membership fee
W: Oh, that’s great.
M: Yeah, but the offer is just until the end of this month. Anyway, let me tell you a little about the facilities at Spa Heaven. First, we have a fitness centre where you can do some weight training so that you can lose some weight.
W: And that sounds good, but I’m not really interested in getting fit. I just want to get rid of my tiredness. Mm, well, I’d like to go swimming and I find that helps me relax.
M: We have two 25-metre pools here.
W: Can you tell me how much that costs
M: Well, for non-members, it costs just $10 for each time.
W: OK. I think I need to do something more relaxing, you know, like yoga. Do you have anything like that
M: Well, yes. And during the special offer period, non-members can take part for just $35 per class.
W: OK. Thanks very much for your help. I’ll come down this afternoon and arrange a yoga class.
M: Sure, I’m looking forward to seeing you then.
Text 10
W: What is life like for today’s students How do they treat money As the university and college terms began, I interviewed a few students. Sarah is a second-year biology student. She says that money is a big problem. She can eat cheaply at university, but she spends quite a lot on transport. She also spends quite a lot on stylish clothes. Colin, who is studying engineering, says that he doesn’t spend anything on clothes unless counting climbing shoes and special tools, some of which are very expensive. Not much of his money goes on transport because he likes to ride his bike around. Diana is a first-year designing student. She makes all her own clothes. This should save her money. But in fact, the materials are very expensive. She does not know how she would manage if she did not sell some of the dresses and hats she made to other students. She says that everything is expensive. That includes rent, food, transport and heating for the flat in winter. Jack is a science student. He doesn’t spend much money on clothes but his rent is high and he spends quite a lot on books, so he is doing part-time jobs to afford all of these.
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了各个领域的诺贝尔奖获得者及其成就。
21.A 细节理解题。根据Nobel Prize in Physics中的“…while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks.”可知,Geoffrey Hinton的贡献对人工神经连接至关重要。故选A项。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Nobel Prize in Chemistry中的“Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their AI model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential.”可知,人工智能模型帮助科学家解决了持续了半个世纪的难题。故选C项。
23.D 细节理解题。根据Nobel Peace Prize中的“The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grass-roots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons.”可知,诺贝尔和平奖颁给了一个团体。故选D项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了弗雷德里克·麦金利·琼斯的生平及其在机械与发明方面的成就。
24.D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Frederick McKinley Jones was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on May 17, 1893.”以及“In 1912 he landed in Hallock, Minnesota, where he obtained a job doing mechanical work on a farm.”可知,琼斯19岁时在Minnesota的一个农场从事机械工作。故选D项。
25.A 细节理解题。根据第四段的“He designed and patented (获得专利权) a portable air- cooling unit for trucks carrying perishable (易腐烂的) food.”可知,琼斯设计并获得专利权的便携式空气冷却装置是为运输易腐食品的卡车设计的。故选A项。
26.A 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前面的句子“He designed and patented (获得专利权) a portable air-cooling unit for trucks carrying perishable (易腐烂的) food. Forming a partnership with Numero, Jones founded the US Thermo Control Company.”以及后面的helping to preserve blood, medicine and food可知,琼斯组建的公司有一款便携式空气冷却装置,能够保存血液、药物和食物,这些正是战争需要的。所以他的公司在二战的时候得以迅速发展。据此推测,画线单词意为“迅速发展”。故选A项。
27.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Over the course of his career Jones received more than 60 patents. He was recognized for his achievements both during his lifetime and after his death…In 1991, then-President George H. W. Bush awarded the National Medal of Technology to Numero and Jones at a ceremony held in the White House Rose Garden.”可知,最后一段主要讲述了琼斯在去世前后所获得的认可,包括进入发明家名人堂和获得国家技术奖章等荣誉。因此作者的目的在于展示琼斯得到了广泛的认可。故选C项。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了科学家们如今正在使用人工智能分析大量生态数据,利用人工智能的强大功能来保护生物多样性。
28.B 细节理解题。 根据第一段最后一句中的“…AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyse vast quantities of real-world data.”可知,研究人员开始在生态保护领域应用人工智能,主要是因其具有分析海量数据的强大能力。故选B项。
29.B 推理判断题。 根据第二段最后一句“All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.”可知,Müller认为,人工智能要想发挥更大的作用,需要人们用更多收集到的数据来训练它,而本段第一句提到人工智能是通过音频来识别动物种类的。故选B项。
30.C 段落大意题。第四段第一句介绍了Conservation AI开发出的人工智能模型可以在无人机或抓拍相机获取的图像视频资料中进行搜索,从而发现野生动物并追踪它们的活动;第二句则列出了目前该组织利用这一模型处理过的资料和监测到的动物的数量;最后两句中,该组织首席研究员Paul Fergus谈到他们的人工智能平台的强大功能。综上所述,本段主要讲的是人工智能模型在生态保护方面的优势。故选C项。
31.C 推理判断题。最后一段开头指出Miailhe对在不久的将来人工智能日常应用于现实世界的生态保护抱有希望,但在下文他也提醒人们,人工智能需要消耗算力,这最终还是会对生态系统造成不良影响,应该在人工智能危险管控方面注重环境影响评估。综合起来看,Miailhe对使用人工智能进行生态保护持客观态度。故选C项。
D
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了象鼻的功能及其对软体机器人设计的启发。
32.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“…elephant trunks (象鼻) can grasp a single leaf but can also carry nearly 600 pounds.”可知,象鼻既精巧又强壮。因此sturdy在此处应理解为“强壮的”。故选A。
33.B 细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk wrapping to hold and lift things.”可知,大象通过灵活结合吸力和象鼻的动作来处理不同的物体。故选B。
34.C 细节理解题。根据第三段“We need to extract some simplifying principles that can make the robot’s behaviour simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.”可知,研究人员转化生物数据是为了改进机器人的行为,使其更有效并适应变化。故选C。
35.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists think that they are an incredible inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired (仿生) robots.”及下文内容可知,文章主要介绍了象鼻的功能及其对软体机器人设计的启发。所以短文的最佳标题为B选项“象鼻:软体机器人技术的灵感来源”。故选B。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种提高记忆力的大脑锻炼。
36.F 根据上文“This is a good way to enhance the ability of thinking and gathering information to the brain. You will probably find it difficult to memorize the vocabulary of a foreign language.”以及后文“Learning a new language helps the brain work continuously and improves memory.”可知,本句与上文构成转折,指出困难对于大脑工作的影响,下文补充说明,学习一门新语言有助于大脑持续工作并提高记忆力。F项“但是越难记住,大脑功能就越能正常工作。”符合上下文逻辑关系。故选F项。
37.E 上文“You should focus on thinking about something to remember (the anniversary for grandparents, class meeting time…) within 8 seconds. Eight seconds seems to be a very short time. However, it is the time necessary to move information from short-term memory into long-term memory of the people.”提到8秒可以将信息从人们的短期记忆转移到长期记忆,下文提到你应每天应用和练习这种方法。由此可知,本句对这一方法进行总结并引出下文。E项“这实际上是一种已经经过一些研究测试和证实的方法。”符合上下文逻辑关系。故选E项。
38.G 根据小标题和后文“Having a comfortable life is the aim of this brain exercise to improve memory. Life and spirit are always happy to have a plentiful strength and a toughness memory. An optimistic mindset will increase the work efficiency of the brain and help you avoid depression, and bring you much joy and happiness.”可知,本段主要讲述积极思考。G选项“这个方法就是时刻想着美好的未来:简单的生活、幸福的家庭、优秀的孩子。”符合语境。故选G项。
39.A 根据后文“It’s very easy to do this exercise. You close your eyes, count the colour of the letters in order in the Google name, or the name of the stores in front of your house, and then you check for accuracy.”可知,A选项“闭上眼睛”与后文具体做法陈述一致。A选项closing your eyes对应后文close your eyes。故选A项。
40.C 上文“You can also do brain exercises to improve memory: write down a bunch of words, read once and think quickly to see how many words you can remember.”提到还可以通过进行大脑锻炼来提高记忆力:写下一堆单词,读一次并快速记忆,看看能记住多少单词。本句承接上文,进行补充说明。C选项“你应该从10个单词开始,然后逐渐增加。”符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了在美国普罗维登斯,三个女人发现了一块废弃的土地,她们决定将其变成一个梦想中的农场,用来种植花卉,将收获的花全部捐赠给有需要的人,展现了花的力量。
41.C 根据下文“Holland and her cofounders, Doggett and Purviance…the 2.7-acre property, cleaned up the pollution and then created an inner-city oasis(绿洲).”可知,三个女人发现了一块被用作垃圾场的废弃土地,这片土地是被忽视和污染的。故选C项。conserved被保护的;developed发达的;polluted受污染的;cultivated栽培的。
42.D 根据下文“What Cheer Flower Farm.”可知,她们想要将这片被污染的土地变成花场。故选D项。dairy乳品场;fruit水果;vegetable蔬菜;flower花朵。
43.A 根据下文“…the 2.7-acre property, cleaned up the pollution and then created an inner-city oasis(绿洲).”可知,三个女人买下了这块地,开始工作。故选A项。purchase购买;advertise宣传;abandon遗弃;inherit继承。
44.C 根据下文“…they worked around the clock and…to donate roughly 10,000 flowers altogether in the end.”可知,她们把花赠送给有需要的人。故选C项。give in屈服;give up放弃;give away赠送,捐赠;give off释放。
45.B 根据“…who deserve flowers but don’t have…”可知,who引导定语从句,表示这些花是给值得获得花,但是没有机会获得花的人的。故选B项。time时间;access获得……的机会;interest兴趣; passion激情。
46.D 根据上文“Flowers are not just for the select few who can afford them.”及下文“Receiving flowers energizes everyone.”可知,花朵是普遍的希望象征,不只是给能买得起花的人提供的。故选D项。local当地的; regional地区的;provincial省的; universal普遍的。
47.B 根据下文“…planting started in May rather than in spring…”并结合常识可知,五月种花有些晚了。故选B项。early早的;late晚的;fresh新鲜的;smooth光滑的。
48.A 根据下文to donate roughly 10,000 flowers altogether in the end和to make it work可知,她们成功地捐出了大约1万朵花。manage to do意思为“设法成功做”。故选A项。 manage设法完成;attempt尝试;happen碰巧;hesitate犹豫。
49.D 根据下文the state with flowers可知,她们想要将花覆盖整个州。故选D项。reward奖励;surround围绕;greet打招呼;cover覆盖。
50.D 根据下文to make it work可知,她们对于自己的计划是有决心的。故选D项。surprised惊讶的;nervous紧张的;terrified害怕的;determined有决心的。
51.B 根据语境可知,她们捐赠的花会给人们带来欢乐。故选B项。trust信任;joy欢乐;pride骄傲;honour荣耀。
52.A 根据下文“Her face just…It was as if a beacon(灯塔) of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.”可知,Holland清楚地记得她第一次将花送给一个老妇人的经历。故选A项。vividly生动地,清晰地; faintly微弱地; eventually最后;hardly几乎不。
53.C 根据下文“It was as if a beacon(灯塔) of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.”可知,老妇人收到花很高兴,脸上散发着喜悦的光芒。故选C项。harden硬化;soften软化;brighten面露喜色;redden变红。
54.A 根据下文“In the tough times of my life, even one flower could lift me up.”可知,在生命中艰难的时刻,即使是一朵花也能让人振作,那位没有钱的女士是在向她们表示感谢。故选A项。thank感谢;seek寻求;persuade说服;pursue追求。
55.B 根据上文讲到三个女人的花给医院、老人院的人们带来了欢乐,还使人们振作可知,这是花真正的力量。故选B项。plot情节;power力量;mystery神秘;secret秘密。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了川菜的发展历史和受欢迎程度。
56.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词Sichuan cuisine进行补充说明,从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。
57.poets 考查名词复数。根据空格后的Du Fu and Lu You可知,不止一个诗人,poet应该用复数形式。故填poets。
58.making 考查非谓语动词。空格处用非谓语形式作状语,动词make与上文内容之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词making。故填making。
59.were introduced 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处是谓语动词,描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时;主语chilli peppers与动词introduce之间是被动关系,用被动语态;主语是复数形式,be动词用were。故填were introduced。
60.published 考查非谓语动词。空格处用非谓语动词作定语,修饰前面的名词guidebook,动词publish与guidebook之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填published。
61.its 考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后的名词image可知,应该用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
62.globally 考查副词。此处应该用副词globally作状语。故填globally。
63.a 考查冠词。根据空格后的单数名词experience可知,空格处应该用不定冠词,泛指“一次”,must-have的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用a。故填a。
64.as 考查介词。serve as是固定搭配,意为“充当,担任”。故填as。
65.to enjoy 考查非谓语动词。空格处作目的状语,应该用不定式形式。故填to enjoy。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Charles,
I want to share some exciting news with you. I’m back from the summer science camp and think you’d enjoy hearing about it.
The camp was filled with lots of fun activities. We did experiments, listened to talks from famous scientists, and visited nearby science centres. My favourite part was working on a little robot that had to find its way through a puzzle, which was tough but really enjoyable.
The best thing I got from it was learning more about how science works and how much fun it can be to make new discoveries. Plus, I also made friends who share my passion for science.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者和表哥史蒂夫去森林里露营,夜里下起了雪,天很冷,史蒂夫生起了篝火,作者和表哥在温暖中入睡了。睡着后,帐篷起火了,作者把史蒂夫拖出了帐篷,幸运的是,两人没有受重伤。
【详解】
1.段落续写:
①根据第一段首句“后来,当我们站在燃烧的帐篷旁取暖时,我们考虑了我们的困境。”可知,第一段可描写作者和表哥当时所处的困境和他们想方设法摆脱困境(包括心理描写)。
②根据第二段首句“突然,我们听到森林里有声音。”可知,第二段可描写两人获救的过程以及作者和表哥史蒂夫的关系变化。
2. 续写线索:身处困境—不知道该怎么做—被护林员发现—得救—关系发生变化。
One possible version:
Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation. Our campsite was in the deep of the forest, really far away from the highway. We were in the middle of nowhere, wearing only underwear, with our supplies burnt into ashes, including our cellphones. Even Steve was unsure what to do next. The only thing we could do was just sit in the cold air and wonder how to get out of the forest.
Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest. Anxiously we listened and stared into the darkness. A jeep appeared. A forester had spotted the light from the fire and came to have a check. We jumped into the warm vehicle and the forester drove us to the ranger station, where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents. Steve and I had many more camping adventures from then on, but it was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend and equal, rather than a younger cousin. Our friendship continues to this day.单元素养测评卷(一)
Unit 1
(时间:120分钟 分值:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1.What is Lucy playing
A.The violin. B.The piano. C.The guitar.
( )2.What is small for the woman
A.The T-shirt. B.The hat. C.The skirt.
( )3.How will the speakers go to the sports complex
A.By bus. B.By taxi. C.By subway.
( )4.Where will the man go this weekend
A.His office. B.His home. C.The beach.
( )5.What is the man’s trouble
A.He can’t see the sign clearly.
B.He has no ticket for the movie.
C.He has parked in the wrong place.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6.Where did the man use to play tennis
A.In a club. B.In a stadium. C.In the playground.
( )7.What are the speakers going to do
A.Go back home. B.Have a break. C.Play tennis.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
( )8.When is the school barbecue
A.On Tuesday. B.On Wednesday. C.On Thursday.
( )9.What kind of music will the band play
A.Jazz. B.Hip hop. C.Rock.
( )10.Where will the barbecue be held
A.In the garden. B.By the swimming pool.
C.On the sports field.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
( )11.Why is the woman behind with her writing class
A.She was ill.
B.The course is too difficult.
C.She is busy with her reading task.
( )12.What does the man think of his college life
A.Busy. B.Boring. C.Colourful.
( )13.What is the woman probably going to do on the 28th
A.Visit an exhibition. B.Attend a party.
C.Watch a play.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
( )14.What does the woman want to do
A.Get fit. B.Kill time. C.Relax herself.
( )15.When can non-members enjoy the special offer
A.This month. B.During holidays.
C.On their birthdays.
( )16.How much does a swimming class cost non-members each time
A.$35. B.$25. C.$10.
( )17.What class will the woman choose
A.A weight lifting class. B.A swimming class.
C.A yoga class.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
( )18.What does the speaker mainly talk about
A.What courses the college offers.
B.Why today’s students need exercise.
C.How today’s students spend their money.
( )19.Who loves cycling
A.Colin. B.Jack. C.Sarah.
( )20.How does Diana get her money
A.By selling a lot of books.
B.By asking her parents for it.
C.By selling clothes made on her own.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A [2025·湖北华中师大一附中高二期中]
The Nobel Prizes for 2024 have honoured groundbreaking discoveries and achievements that have significantly benefited humankind in various ways. These winners have made remarkable contributions to their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding.
Nobel Prize in Physics
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They employed physics tools to develop methods that paved the way for advanced machine learning. Hopfield created a structure capable of storing and reconstructing information, while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
In Chemistry, the focus was on proteins, vital for life. David Baker achieved the seemingly impossible by crafting entirely new protein types. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their AI model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Han Kang, a South Korean author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature for her intense poetic prose (散文) addressing historical mental scars and exposing human life’s weakness. Her unique awareness of body-soul connections and her innovative style have made her a contemporary prose pioneer.
Nobel Peace Prize
The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grass-roots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. The organization was formed by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima (广岛) and Nagasaki (长崎) in 1945.
( )21.Whose contribution is vital for artificial neural connections
A.Geoffrey Hinton. B.Demis Hassabis.
C.Han Kang. D.John Hopfield.
( )22.What assisted scientists in solving a half-century-old problem
A.Crafting new protein types.
B.Advanced machine learning.
C.The AI model.
D.Analysing data properties.
( )23.Which prize was awarded to a group
A.Nobel Prize in Physics.
B.Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
C.Nobel Prize in Literature.
D.Nobel Peace Prize.
B [2025·湖南名校联合体高二联考]
Frederick McKinley Jones was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on May 17, 1893. By the time Frederick was 7 years old, his father sent young Jones to live with a priest (牧师) in Kentucky. At the age of 11, Jones ran away to feed himself. He returned to Cincinnati and worked as an entrance guard in a garage where he developed a skill for automobile mechanics. He became a leader of the shop. In 1912 he landed in Hallock, Minnesota, where he obtained a job doing mechanical work on a farm.
Jones had talent for and an interest in mechanics. He read extensively on the subject and educated himself in his spare time. By the time he was twenty, Jones was able to get an engineering licence in Minnesota. He served in the US Army during World War Ⅰ where he was often called upon to make repairs to machines and other equipment.
After the war, he returned to the farm. It was on the Hallock farm that Jones educated himself further in electronics. He built a transmitter (发射机) for the new radio station to broadcast its programming. He also developed a device to combine moving pictures with sound.
Jones continued to expand his interests in the 1930s. He designed and patented (获得专利权) a portable air-cooling unit for trucks carrying perishable (易腐烂的) food. Forming a partnership with Numero, Jones founded the US Thermo Control Company. The company burgeoned during World War Ⅱ, helping to preserve blood, medicine and food.
Over the course of his career Jones received more than 60 patents. He was recognized for his achievements both during his lifetime and after his death. Jones died of lung cancer in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on February 21, 1961. He was chosen into the Minnesota Inventors Hall of Fame in 1977. In 1991, then-President George H. W. Bush awarded the National Medal of Technology to Numero and Jones at a ceremony held in the White House Rose Garden.
( )24.What was Jones doing when he was 19
A.He was staying with a kind priest.
B.He was developing a new interest.
C.He was running his own garage.
D.He was doing work related to machinery.
( )25.Which of the following is TRUE about the portable air-cooling unit
A.It was designed for trucks.
B.It was used to produce food.
C.It was bought by a company.
D.It was popular during WWⅠ.
( )26.What does the underlined word “burgeoned” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Grew greatly.
B.Got help.
C.Stopped production.
D.Faced difficulty.
( )27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A.To introduce patents of Jones.
B.To show Jones got an award.
C.To express Jones was recognized.
D.To show regret over Jones’ death.
C [2025·湖北鄂东南联盟高二期中联考]
More and more researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor biodiversity and assist endangered species. Different from conventional methods that can damage ecosystems or require considerable time, labour and resources, AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyse vast quantities of real-world data.
Ecologist Jrg Müller at the University of Würzburg, Germany, and his colleagues have shown that AI tools can help to quantify biodiversity in tropical (热带的) forests by identifying animal species from audio (音频的) recordings. “Our results demonstrate that AI is ready for more comprehensive species identification,” says Müller. “All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.”
AI is imperfect, but it could speed up important discoveries, says Nicolas Miailhe, Paris-based founder of The Future Society, an international non-profit organization that aims to better govern AI. “We badly need human specialists to design models, as well as collect, label, check and interpret data,” he says.
Researchers at Conservation AI, a UK-based non-profit organization in Liverpool that uses AI technology for various ecology projects, have developed models that can search through footage and images from drones (无人机) or camera traps to identify wildlife and track animal movements. So far, Conservation AI has processed more than 12.5 million images and detected more than 4 million individual animal appearances across 68 species. “The platform can process tens of thousands of images an hour, in contrast to humans who can do a few thousand at best,” says Paul Fergus, one of Conservation AI’s lead researchers. “The speed at which AI processes data could allow conservationists to protect endangered species from sudden threats,” he adds.
Miailhe is hopeful that AI can be routinely applied to real-world conservation efforts in the near future. “That’s clearly the way to go,” he says. But he warns that AI consumes computing power, which ultimately has opposite effects on ecosystems. “Environmental impact assessments should be at the centre of AI risk management,” he says.
( )28.Which aspect of AI attracts ecological researchers most
A.Its information-accessing speed.
B.Its data-processing capability.
C.Its environmental friendliness.
D.Its computing accuracy.
( )29.What does Müller think is needed for AI to be more helpful
A.More images of animals.
B.More information of audio recordings.
C.More complicated tests.
D.More data of tropical forests.
( )30.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Conservation AI’s comment on its AI platform.
B.AI platforms’ principle of species identification.
C.AI models’ advantages in ecological conservation.
D.AI’s potential for providing quick-response measures.
( )31.What is Miailhe’s attitude towards using AI for ecological conservation
A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful.
C.Objective. D.Negative.
D [2025·浙江杭州第二中学高二期中考试]
Elephants are the largest land mammals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to big scientific breakthroughs in science. Both delicate and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can grasp a single leaf but can also carry nearly 600 pounds. Scientists think that they are an incredible inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired (仿生) robots.
By conducting a high-resolution motion capture analysis of elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can integrate freely to handle objects of various shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk wrapping to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening or shortening—it’s different parts, relying on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, a professor of the physics of biology at the University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Researchers also performed CT scans and MRIs on the trunk of a dead elephant. They used high-resolution cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and connective tissues. The study data will be used to help design an innovative “soft” robotic arm.“The data is exceptional, but now the effort is to translate this biological data into some engineering specifications,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to extract some simplifying principles that can make the robot’s behaviour simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.”
The project is also fueling advancements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful properties of elephant skin that can be 3D printed for robotic prototypes (原型). The new materials may be commercialized for a wide range of uses.
( )32.What does the underlined word “sturdy” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Strong. B.Broad.
C.Sensitive. D.Rough.
( )33.How does an elephant handle different objects
A.By securing the position of these objects at first.
B.By combining suction with trunk movements flexibly.
C.By sucking them with all the strength.
D.By stretching its trunk based on things’ sizes.
( )34.Why do researchers translate the biological data
A.To test the safety of the robotic arm.
B.To upgrade the appearance of the robot.
C.To improve the behaviour of the robot.
D.To study the structure of muscle tissues.
( )35.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Elephant trunks: the theory of movement in robotics
B.Elephant trunks: the inspiration for soft robotics
C.“Soft” robotic arms: an innovation in 3D-printed robots
D.“Soft” robotic arms: a major breakthrough in material science
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Brain exercises to improve memory
Memory is an intellectual ability to collect, store and recall events that people have experienced in the past. Not many of us can boast of a good memory. Scientists have found a direct relationship between exercises and brain health. Here are some brain exercises to improve memory.
Studying a new language
This is a good way to enhance the ability of thinking and gathering information to the brain. You will probably find it difficult to memorize the vocabulary of a foreign language. 36. Learning a new language helps the brain work continuously and improves memory.
Focusing within 8 seconds
You should focus on thinking about something to remember (the anniversary for grandparents, class meeting time…) within 8 seconds. Eight seconds seems to be a very short time. However, it is the time necessary to move information from short-term memory into long-term memory of the people. 37. Therefore, you should apply and practise it every day.
Positive thinking
38. Having a comfortable life is the aim of this brain exercise to improve memory. Life and spirit are always happy to have a plentiful strength and a toughness memory. An optimistic mindset will increase the work efficiency of the brain and help you avoid depression, and bring you much joy and happiness.
39.
It’s very easy to do this exercise. You close your eyes, count the colour of the letters in order in the Google name, or the name of the stores in front of your house, and then you check for accuracy. You should gradually increase the difficulty of the exercises to get sharp memory. You can also do brain exercises to improve memory: write down a bunch of words, read once and think quickly to see how many words you can remember. 40.
A.Closing your eyes
B.Build up your vocabulary
C.You should start with 10 words and increase gradually.
D.Regularly read articles and new lists of words to have a healthy brain.
E.This is actually a method that some studies have tested and confirmed.
F.But the more difficult to remember, the more brain functions work properly.
G.The method is always thinking about a better future: simple life, happy family, good children.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·重庆西南大学附中高二期中考试]
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When the three women spotted an abandoned property used as a dumping ground in Providence, the USA, they agreed this neglected and 41 parcel of land actually held promise. It was where their dream of a 42 farm came true.
Holland and her cofounders, Doggett and Purviance, 43 the 2.7-acre property, cleaned up the pollution and then created an inner-city oasis (绿洲). Its name What Cheer Flower Farm. Its mission To 44 all the flowers they grow to people in need. “We offer products to people who deserve flowers but don’t have 45 ,” explains Purviance. “Flowers are not just for the select few who can afford them. They are a 46 symbol of hope. Receiving flowers energizes everyone.”
Although the three got off to a(n) 47 start in the first growing season—planting started in May rather than in spring—they worked around the clock and 48 to donate roughly 10,000 flowers altogether in the end. “We want to 49 the state with flowers in the future, and we are very 50 to make it work,” said Doggett.
Now the farm regularly brings 51 to people at local hospitals, senior centres and more. Holland 52 remembers the first bouquet (花束) she delivered to a home-bound elderly woman. “Her face just 53 . It was as if a beacon (灯塔) of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.” Another woman who was broke 54 them afterwards. “In the tough times of my life, even one flower could lift me up.” And that is the true 55 of a flower.
( )41.A.conserved B.developed
C.polluted D.cultivated
( )42.A.dairy B.fruit
C.vegetable D.flower
( )43.A.purchased B.advertised
C.abandoned D.inherited
( )44.A.give in B.give up
C.give away D.give off
( )45.A.time B.access
C.interest D.passion
( )46.A.local B.regional
C.provincial D.universal
( )47.A.early B.late
C.fresh D.smooth
( )48.A.managed B.attempted
C.happened D.hesitated
( )49.A.reward B.surround
C.greet D.cover
( )50.A.surprised B.nervous
C.terrified D.determined
( )51.A.trust B.joy
C.pride D.honour
( )52.A.vividly B.faintly
C.eventually D.hardly
( )53.A.hardened B.softened
C.brightened D.reddened
( )54.A.thanked B.sought
C.persuaded D.pursued
( )55.A.plot B.power
C.mystery D.secret
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
[2025·山东日照校际联合高二期中考试]
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sichuan cuisine, 56. was developed as early as the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC—AD 8), developed quickly during the Tang Dynasty (618—907) and the Song Dynasty (960—1279) and is celebrated in the works of the ancient Chinese 57. (poet) Du Fu and Lu You. In recognition of that history, in 2010, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) named Chengdu a “City of Gastronomy”, 58. (make) the capital of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province the first city in Asia to be accorded that honour.
When modern Sichuan cuisine was taking shape more than three centuries ago, chilli peppers (辣椒) from America 59. (introduce) to the region—an ingredient that gives Sichuan dishes their distinctive character to this day. According to a local guidebook 60. (publish) in 1909, the chilli peppers are used very frequently in 1,328 Sichuan-style recipes in the book.
In recent years, as Chengdu has enhanced 61. (it) image on the world stage as the birthplace and development centre of Sichuan cuisine, the city’s specialty has also become more popular 62. (global), showcasing its charm and vitality in international exchanges.
For many foreign political figures and celebrities, “interaction” with Sichuan cuisine is 63. must-have experience. When David Cameron was serving 64. prime minister of the United Kingdom, he visited Chengdu specifically 65. (enjoy) Sichuan tea and hotpot.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分) [2025·山西榆林联盟七校高二期中联考]
假定你是李华,你的英国好友Charles发来邮件询问你暑期参加科学营的情况。请你给他回复一封邮件,内容包括:
1.主要活动; 2. 你的收获。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Charles,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分) [2025·河南师范大学附中高二期中考试]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve was the most amazing person in all of Minneapolis, and he was my cousin. By the age of 19, Steve was a star baseball player at the University of Minnesota. I wanted to be exactly like him. So when Steve asked me to go with him on a spring fishing trip in northern Minnesota, I was excited!
After planning the trip, we gathered clothes and supplies, and began our great adventure. We reached the Superior National Forest in northern Minnesota by early evening. On our way to the campsite, Steve pointed to a small house far away in one of the mountains, saying that it was the ranger station (护林站) where the forester worked.
Finally, after a long walk, we reached the campsite and set up the camp as the sun was setting. Steve knew all the tricks of an experienced wilderness camper. After we gathered enough wood from the forest, he started the campfire using only stone and steel—no matches. For supper we feasted on freeze-dried beef, wild rice and pea soup. I ate greedily after all that work.
Tired enough, we climbed into our sleeping bags early and talked about our plans for fishing the next day. We were still talking quietly when a sudden north wind picked up; the temperature dropped and it began to snow. Steve found a way to increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a log (原木) from the forest to the opposite side of the campfire. Then he wrapped (包裹) aluminum foil (铝箔) around the log. The heat from the fire reflected off the foil and into the tent. Soon images of lake fish were filling my dreams.
The snow had stopped, but sometime later a powerful wind must have kicked up the flames of our dying fire. I was abruptly awakened by Steve. Our tent was on fire. Frightened, I ran out of the tent immediately. The tent collapsed with Steve inside. Without any thought of endangering myself, I reached into the burning tent and pulled him to the icy lake. Fortunately, we were not seriously hurt.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation.
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest.
