Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
语言精讲
1.①charged ②charged ③充电 ④向……方向冲去 ⑤占主导地位 ⑥指控 ⑦收费 ⑧be in charge of/take charge of
2.①announcement ②was announced ③announced ④When my name was announced ⑤announced at the beginning of the semester
3.①to ②solving ③Approaching ④(should) try different approaches ⑤As soon as I approached the house/Upon approaching the house
语法归纳
【自主发现】
定语;宾语补足语
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 1.collected 2.endangered 3.retired 4.based
5.fried 6.locked 7.repaired; fixed 8.scheduled
●Ⅱ 1.written by this well-known/renowned author; interested in history
2.held in the school hall last week
3.The damaged cellphone which I bought from your store
4.keep the classrooms cleaned and arranged
5.found my room decorated beautifullyPeriod Three Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.1.seated 2.spent 3.decorated 4.published
5.conducted 6.paid 7.fried 8.announced 9.wounded
10.invited
Ⅱ.1.keep himself reminded 2.have my little child taken to school 3.see many new products developed 4.get food delivered to you 5.surrounded by a group of fans
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了起源于苏格兰的里尔舞,包括其音乐形式,基本的舞步和舞蹈动作,鼓励读者去了解和学习这种传统舞蹈。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Performed by young and old dancers, it often involves at least two couples in each set. A couple is two individual people, either male or female, dancing together.”可知,里尔舞每组至少需要两对,所以至少需要4人。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An accordion(手风琴) often sets the tune for dances. A violin, a piano and drums can also be used.”可知,吉他不是常用乐器。故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段“Setting steps are used for dancing on the spot and typically require a dancer to take a small step to the side, then bring their other foot over and change weight to their other leg.”可知,舞者需要向一侧迈一小步,然后把另一只脚移过来,把重心转移到另一条腿上。故选D项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Hundreds of years old and with a proud Scottish history, reeling(里尔舞) is a type of country dancing that is still popular. Performed by young and old dancers, it often involves at least two couples in each set. A couple is two individual people, either male or female, dancing together.”和最后一段“Go to /TWJ-reeling to know more about this amazing dancing.”可知,本文是在介绍一种苏格兰的传统舞蹈,并借以推广。故选A项。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了俄罗斯人以面包和盐欢迎客人的传统习俗。乍看之下,这一习俗或许令人感到奇怪,然而它实际上是俄罗斯历史悠久的传统,主要用于迎接重要客人。文章深入阐述了这个独特习俗背后的原因,揭示了其蕴含的文化意义。
1.B 由下文“No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat—no meal doesn’t include bread. ‘Bread is the staff of life’ is probably the most famous Russian proverb.”可知,本段主要阐述面包在俄罗斯的重要性;B选项“Bread in Russian culture is considered an important thing.”指出面包在俄罗斯文化中被认为是很重要的东西,符合语境。故选B。
2.F 上文“Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world.”指出在现代世界上是不缺盐的;F选项“But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it.”指出在古代俄罗斯,盐非常贵,不是每个人都能买得起的,与上文形成对比、转折关系,today与in ancient Russia相对应;下文“During the mid-17th century, the rising price of salt led to riots(暴乱) in Moscow.”承接F选项,进一步阐述在古代俄罗斯,盐非常昂贵,不是每个人都能买得起的。由此可知,F选项符合语境。故选F。
3.G 上文“During the mid-17th century, the rising price of salt led to riots(暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished(废除) at the end of the 19th century—only afterwards did salt become affordable.”说明在古代俄罗斯,盐非常昂贵与稀缺,不是每个人都能买得起的;G选项“That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests.”承接上文,说明就是因为在古代俄罗斯盐非常珍贵,所以俄罗斯人为特殊场合保存盐,上文与G选项构成因果关系,选项中的that指代上文阐述的内容,代词it指代salt。故选G。
4.E 上文“According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat.”描述了俄罗斯人用面包和盐来迎接客人的传统; E选项“This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties.”承接上文,说明俄罗斯人用面包和盐来迎接客人,客人小心地掰下一块面包蘸盐吃就表明双方建立了友谊;this指代上文“…carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat.”;下文“An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will be reconciled(和解).”进一步讲述在俄罗斯人的传统信念中面包和盐的重要性,分享面包和盐意味着敌对双方和解。故选E。
5.C 上文“In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists.”指出在正式场合依然可以看到用面包和盐来迎接客人;下文“Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other.”描述了在传统的俄罗斯婚礼上新婚夫妇的父母在仪式结束后用面包和盐欢迎他们的孩子的场景;C选项“Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings.”指出在俄罗斯传统婚礼中经常可以看到面包蘸盐的习俗,选项中this与上文this tradition以及it指代用面包和盐迎接客人,traditional Russian weddings与下文the newlyweds相照应。由此可知,C选项符合语境。故选C。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者 8 岁时的一段经历。当时,作者受邀参加 Thompson 家的晚宴,由于对餐桌礼仪不甚了解,心中满是担忧与焦虑。后来,在Thompson 夫人的安慰下,作者逐渐放松下来。这场晚宴也成为作者记忆深处一段甜蜜而珍贵的回忆。
1.B 由下文traditional table manners以及语境可知,此处说的是Thompson一家遵循传统餐桌礼仪。故选B。teach教; follow遵循;avoid避免;design设计。
2.A 由上文a wealthy and highly respected family可知,这家人很富有,所以家里的瓷器应该是精美且昂贵的。故选A。 costly昂贵的;plain朴素的;familiar熟悉的; suitable合适的。
3.C 由上文“…their home was set with lots of fancy and…chinaware that I had never seen before.”可知,作者从未见过这些东西,所以应该是感到好奇。故选C。 confident自信的; anxious焦虑的; curious好奇的;shocked震惊的。
4.D 由上文“But as the day was approaching, I suddenly began to become anxious.”可知,作者原本好奇,但临近赴宴时变得焦虑,觉得这就像一场冒险。故选D。 inspiration灵感来源;error错误;encounter相遇; adventure冒险。
5.B 由下文“…if I have improper table manners.”以及语境可知,作者担心自己餐桌礼仪不当会被Thompson一家嘲笑。故选B。 turn down拒绝;laugh at嘲笑; pick out挑选; forget about忘记。
6.D 根据前文作者担心会因餐桌礼仪不当被嘲笑,以及“…Mum, though not an expert, tried her best to…”可知,这里指妈妈尽力指导作者。故选D。 limit限制;push推动;resist抵抗;guide指导。
7.A 由下文“…as I handled the first course without mistakes.”可知,作者第一道菜没有出错,所以感到放松。故选A。 relaxed放松的; nervous紧张的;awkward尴尬的; thirsty口渴的。
8.B 由下文“I was not skilled at cutting chicken with a knife.”可知,作者不擅长用刀切鸡肉,所以第二道菜对作者来说是个挑战。故选B。 support支持; challenge挑战; remind提醒;surprise使惊讶。
9.D 由下文knock over a china cup以及语境可知,作者因为紧张意外打翻了瓷杯。故选D。 regularly定期地;specially特别地; silently安静地; accidentally偶然地,意外地。
10.C 由下文“It’s quite alright, dear.”可知,Thompson夫人在安慰作者,所以应该是用温和的声音说话。故选C。 serious严肃的;exciting令人兴奋的; low低声的,温和的; formal正式的。
11.B 由上文“It’s quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知,Thompson夫人在安慰作者,说大家都有需要适应新情况的时候。故选B。defend保卫;adapt适应;refuse拒绝; miss错过。
12.A 由上文“Just take your time and enjoy the…”以及语境可知,这是在吃饭的时候,Thompson夫人让作者慢慢来,享受这顿饭。故选A。meal饭;dessert甜点;family家庭; style风格。
13.D 由上文“It’s quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知,这是Thompson夫人安慰作者的话,这里指作者从她的话中得到了安慰。故选D。 pressure压力;opportunity机会; praise表扬; comfort安慰。
14.C 由下文with a sweet chocolate cake以及语境可知,这里指晚餐以巧克力蛋糕结束。end with表示“以……结束”。故选C。mix混合; deal处理;end结束; meet遇见。
15.A 由上文“It’s quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知,这里指从Thompson夫人对作者的安慰,作者感受到了他人的尊重。故选A。 respect尊重; interest兴趣; identity身份; tradition传统。Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
1.charge v. 收费;控告;充电;向……方向冲去 n.收费;主管;指控;猛攻,冲锋
(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把我们的车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的地下停车场,在那里我们可以给车的电池充电。
(1)charge sb for sth 为某事向某人收费/要价
charge sb with sth/doing sth=accuse sb of sth/doing sth 指控/起诉/指责某人某事/
做某事
charge at/towards 向……方向冲去
(2)in charge of 主管;负责
in the charge of…=in one’s charge
由……负责/掌管
take charge of 主管;负责
free of charge 免费
lead the charge 占主导地位
[温馨提示] in charge of 多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of 多以物作主语,指“某物由某人掌管”。
【佳句背诵】
His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away.
老板让他在她离开的这几天负责办公室工作。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空/一词多义
①Once (charge) with a crime, he found it difficult to regain people’s trust.
②She always forgets to get her tablet (charge), so it often shuts down unexpectedly.
③When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key.
④[2020·浙江7月考读后续写] The helicopter landed near our camp and its loud noises scared the bear, which looked irritated and charged at us again.
⑤[2023·全国甲卷] Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
⑥He was charged with murder, which surprised us all.
⑦The store decided to charge customers a small fee for plastic bags to encourage the use of reusable ones.
◆完成句子
⑧[2021·全国甲卷书面表达] I will a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners.
我将负责一个主题班会,旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
2.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称
(教材P42)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台要求提供音频导览时,我们听到服务台宣布音频导览已经没有了。
(1)announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that… 据宣布……
(2)announcement n. 通告;宣告
make an announcement 发表公告
(3)announcer n. 播音员;广播员
[温馨提示] announce后不能跟双宾语,即不能用 announce sb sth,而要用 announce sth to sb。后面不能接双宾语的动词还有 suggest, explain, report, express等。
【佳句背诵】
We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again!
我们高兴地宣布,社区体育中心将很快再次向公众开放!
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①[2024·北京卷] I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an (announce).
②The judges did not know the runner was physically disabled until the first prize winner (announce).
③All the teachers and students heard it (announce) that the campus cultural festival, postponed due to bad weather, would continue as planned next month.
◆完成句子
④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Finally came the big day! , I mounted the stage against wild cheers and thunderous applause.
重要的一天终于到来了! 当我的名字被宣布时,我在狂热的欢呼声和雷鸣般的掌声中登上了舞台。
⑤The campus cultural festival is finally coming next week, which includes various activities like folk dance shows, calligraphy exhibitions and traditional music performances.(应用文写作之通知)
学期初就宣布的校园文化节终于将于下周举行,它包含了各种活动,如民族舞蹈表演、书法展览以及传统音乐演出。
3.approach vt.& vi.靠近 n.接近;方法;途径
(教材P42)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
由于周围有很多人,接近那幅画很难。
(1)approach sth/sb 接近/靠近某物/某人
(2)with the approach of=with+名词+approaching 随着……的到来
an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法
[温馨提示] approach作名词表示“方法;途径;通路”之意时,其后常接介词 to; means, method表示“方法”时,其后常接介词of,而way 后除了接of之外,还常用不定式作后置定语。
【佳句背诵】
As spring is approaching/With spring approaching, the flowers in the garden are coming to life overnight.
随着春天的来临,花园里的花一夜之间焕发了生机。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①As a result of the heavy rain, all the approaches the airport were blocked for the moment.
②They are trying their best to find a new approach to (solve) these complex problems.
③ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
◆完成句子
④[2022·全国乙卷书面表达] I suggest that we best suited to us for learning English. Only in that way can we improve our English effectively.
我建议我们尝试最适合自己的不同方法来学习英语。只有这样,我们才能有效地提高我们的英语水平。
⑤[2021·浙江6月考读后续写] , I noticed my dad and mum standing beside the old truck, and looking sad.
一走近房子,我就注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,神情悲伤。
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“历史和传统”的短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。
History is rich in traditions ①passed down from generation to generation. Take the Mid-Autumn Festival as an example. The mooncakes ②carefully made by families are a symbol of reunion. People sit outside, with the table ③filled with various fruits and snacks. During preparations, they have the windows ④cleaned to welcome the festival. The festival, ⑤deeply rooted in our culture, leaves us with warm memories.
【自主发现】
以上语段中,①、②、⑤为过去分词作 ;③、④为过去分词作 。
【语法精析】
一、过去分词作定语
1.意义:及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动,只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成。如:
a polluted river一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成,不表示被动。如:
fallen leaves落叶
the risen sun升起的太阳
2.位置:单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。如:
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
3.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别:
(1)语态不同:现在分词表示主动;过去分词表示被动。如:
The question discussed was very important.
被讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街角的那所房子是2016年建的。
(2)时间关系上不同:现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。如:
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面作宾语补足语。如:
He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得晚,没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
2.过去分词用在使役动词have, get和make的后面作宾语补足语。如:
(1)“have/get+宾语+过去分词”结构可以表示两种含义:“让某事被做”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。 如:
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时,克莱尔对行李进行了托运。
While they were on holiday, they had/got their car broken into.
他们在度假时,他们的汽车被撬开了。
(2)在“make+宾语+过去分词”这种结构中,过去分词表示结果。如:
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很简单的英语成功使自己被理解。
3.感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后,可用过去分词作宾语补足语。如:
When we saw the road blocked with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后,我们决定在家度过假期。
The next morning, people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上,人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
4.表示“意愿,命令”的动词,如like,want,wish,expect,order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。如:
The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
5.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:
The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁,餐桌已摆好,饭菜即将上桌。
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了一份晚宴邀请函,而且他的工作也做完了,他就欣然接受了邀请。
【实战演练】
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Data (collect) from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates.
2.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping (endanger) cranes with their reproduction.
3.A (retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
4.Scientists have built an early warning system (base) on mathematical models.
5.To my surprise, the tofu beneath the (fry) skin was warm, soft, and mouth-watering.
6.All the afternoon he worked with the door (lock) so that he wouldn’t be disturbed.
7.I had my computer (repair) at your store last month, but I found the issues
(fix) by your technician still remained.
8.The (schedule) meeting which is very important for all departments will be held in the conference hall at 9 am tomorrow.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.The book is a must-read for anyone . (应用文写作之推荐信)
这位著名作家写的这本书,对于任何对历史感兴趣的人来说都是必读之物。
2.The concert was a great success. We are now planning another musical event for all students.(应用文写作之通知)
上周在学校礼堂举行的音乐会非常成功。我们现在正在为所有学生筹备另一场音乐活动。
3. last week has caused me a lot of trouble, so I hope you can give me a satisfactory solution as soon as possible. (应用文写作之投诉信)
我上周从你们店里购买的这部损坏的手机给我带来了很多麻烦,所以我希望你们能尽快给我一个满意的解决方案。
4.The school will properly for the inspection tomorrow. Teachers are required to ensure that everything is in order.(keep+宾语+宾补)(应用文写作之通知)
为了明天的检查,学校会确保教室保持干净且布置妥当。老师们需要确保一切井然有序。
5.When I arrived at the hotel, I with fresh flowers and a welcome note, which made me feel so warm and special. (find+宾语+宾补)(应用文写作之感谢信)
当我到达酒店时,我发现我的房间被鲜花和一张欢迎卡片装饰得很漂亮,这让我感到无比温暖和特别。Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分)
1.With the audience (seat) on benches, chairs or boxes, the outdoor concert created a relaxing and informal atmosphere.
2.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students.
3.They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
4.Being overweight can cause depression even when no other health problems exist, according to a study (publish) Tuesday by the University of Exeter.
5.A study of travellers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
6.Mary couldn’t make herself (pay) attention to due to so much noise made by her classmates.
7.I like eating (fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I think it must be easy to cook.
8.When we finally reached the service desk, we heard it (announce) that there were no more tickets left.
9.Tom’s ancestors once attended to a soldier (wound) in the Second World War.
10.Those (invite) to the conference were all famous professors from some universities.
●Ⅱ 语法与写作(每小题3分,满分15分)
1.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to of his own dreams.(keep)
迈克尔在床边贴了一张姚明的照片,来提醒他自己的梦想。
2.I am very busy now. It is likely that I will . (have)
我现在很忙。我可能会找人把我的小孩送去学校。
3.The manager was satisfied to after great effort. (see)
经理看到许多新产品经过巨大努力被开发出来,感到很满意。
4.You can using food delivery apps and sites. (get)
你可以使用外卖应用软件和网站让食物被送到你身边。
5.When he arrived at the airport, he found himself . (surround)
当他到达机场时,他发现自己被一群仰慕者围着。
●Ⅲ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分)
[2025·甘肃省多校高一期末联考]
Hundreds of years old and with a proud Scottish history, reeling(里尔舞) is a type of country dancing that is still popular. Performed by young and old dancers, it often involves at least two couples in each set. A couple is two individual people, either male or female, dancing together.
Scottish reeling is usually quite quick with dancers and couples changing positions, joining and linking others and having to learn lots of fun moves and routines. It might look complicated to learn, but with practice you can soon pick up the basics. You learn from experienced dancers who will slowly walk you through the steps.
Reeling also means the type of traditional music that accompanies the dances. An accordion(手风琴) often sets the tune for dances. A violin, a piano and drums can also be used.
Two of the basic types of steps are travelling and setting steps. Travelling steps move dancers around and include precise hops, skips and placing your feet in certain positions. Setting steps are used for dancing on the spot and typically require a dancer to take a small step to the side, then bring their other foot over and change weight to their other leg.
The circle is an easy dance move. Dancers in a set join hands in a circle and dance round to the left, before going back the other way to finish where they started. This is also known as the hands round—a “four hands round” is done by four dancers, a “six hands round” by six dancers. Other dance moves include the cast, corners, hands across and rights and lefts. You need to keep in time with the music as you dance, which is helped by following what your partner or the other people in your set do.
Go to /TWJ-reeling to know more about this amazing dancing.
( )1.At least how many dancers are needed to perform reeling
A.Two. B.Four.
C.Six. D.A hundred.
( )2.Which is the least common music instrument in a reeling dancing party
A.A guitar. B.A piano.
C.An accordion. D.A violin.
( )3.What do setting steps require a dancer to do
A.Hop and skip precisely.
B.Move another dancer around.
C.Join hands in a circle and dance.
D.Take a step to the side and then bring the other foot over.
( )4.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To promote a traditional dancing.
B.To state the importance of reeling.
C.To introduce two basic dance moves.
D.To encourage people to enjoy dancing.
●Ⅳ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
[2025·江苏省天一中学高一期末]
In Russia, guests almost receive a warm welcome. People in the country go out of their way to make sure visitors have everything. In ancient Russia, bread and salt symbolized a boom and health, so hosts would put on their best clothes and offer bread together with salt to their guests.
1. No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat—no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb.
Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world. 2. During the mid-17th century, the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century—only afterwards did salt become affordable. 3.
According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat. 4. An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will be reconciled (和解).
In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists. 5. Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other.
A.It was believed that this gesture expressed rudeness.
B.Bread in Russian culture is considered an important thing.
C.Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings.
D.Many foreigners visiting Russia have come across a strange welcome.
E.This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties.
F.But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it.
G.That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests.
●Ⅴ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分)
[2025·山西太原高一期末考试]
When I was 8 years old, my family received a dinner invitation from the Thompsons, a wealthy and highly respected family in our neighbourhood. I heard that their family 1 traditional table manners, and their home was set with lots of fancy and 2 chinaware that I had never seen before. I was really 3 .
But as the day was approaching, I suddenly began to become anxious. I even thought it was like an 4 . I turned to my mum and said, “Mum, I fear being 5 if I have improper table manners. What if I use the wrong fork or something ” In the following days, Mum, though not an expert, tried her best to 6 me step by step.
The dinner started with a soup. I felt quite 7 as I handled the first course without mistakes. However, the second course 8 me. I was not skilled at cutting chicken with a knife. My nervousness caused me to 9 knock over a china cup. I became so embarrassed and tried to quickly set things right.
Mrs Thompson noticed what had happened to me and said in a(n) 10 voice, “It’s quite alright, dear. We all have moments when we need to 11 . Just take your time and enjoy the 12 .” I took a deep breath and nodded, getting 13 from her words. I felt at home then.
The dinner 14 with a sweet chocolate cake. It tasted even sweeter. This evening brought me enjoyment and 15 from others, and it became a sweet memory.
( )1.A.taught B.followed
C.avoided D.designed
( )2.A.costly B.plain
C.familiar D.suitable
( )3.A.confident B.anxious
C.curious D.shocked
( )4.A.inspiration B.error
C.encounter D.adventure
( )5.A.turned down B.laughed at
C.picked out D.forgotten about
( )6.A.limit B.push
C.resist D.guide
( )7.A.relaxed B.nervous
C.awkward D.thirsty
( )8.A.supported B.challenged
C.reminded D.surprised
( )9.A.regularly B.specially
C.silently D.accidentally
( )10.A.serious B.exciting
C.low D.formal
( )11.A.defend B.adapt
C.refuse D.miss
( )12.A.meal B.dessert
C.family D.style
( )13.A.pressure B.opportunity
C.praise D.comfort
( )14.A.mixed B.dealt
C.ended D.met
( )15.A.respect B.interest
C.identity D.tradition(共84张PPT)
Period Three
Discovering Useful Structures
语言精讲
语法归纳
练习册
答案速查【导】
答案速查【练】
1.charge v. 收费;控告;充电;向……方向冲去 n.收费;主管;指控；猛
攻，冲锋
(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car
park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery
charged. 朱迪和我把我们的车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的地下停车
场,在那里我们可以给车的电池充电。
(1)charge sb for sth 为某事向某人收费/要价
charge sb with sth/doing sth=accuse sb of sth/doing sth
指控/起诉/指责某人某事/做某事
charge at/towards 向……方向冲去
(2)in charge of 主管;负责
in the charge of…=in one's charge 由……负责/掌管
take charge of 主管;负责
free of charge 免费
lead the charge 占主导地位
［温馨提示］in charge of 多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in
the charge of 多以物作主语,指“某物由某人掌管”。
【佳句背诵】
His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days
while she was away.
老板让他在她离开的这几天负责办公室工作。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空/一词多义
①Once_________(charge) with a crime, he found it difficult to
regain people's trust.
②She always forgets to get her tablet_________(charge), so it
often shuts down unexpectedly.
③When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge
the key. ______
charged
charged
充电
④［2020·浙江7月考读后续写］The helicopter landed near our
camp and its loud noises scared the bear, which looked irritated
and charged at us again. _______________
向……方向冲去
⑤［2023·全国甲卷］Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a
male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the
charge. ____________
占主导地位
⑥He was charged with murder, which surprised us all. ______
指控
⑦The store decided to charge customers a small fee for plastic
bags to encourage the use of reusable ones. ________
收费
◆完成句子
⑧［2021·全国甲卷书面表达］I will ____________________________
a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese
cultures to foreigners.
我将负责一个主题班会,旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
be in charge of/take charge of
2.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称
(教材P42)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for
audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio
guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台要求提供音频导览时，我们听到
服务台宣布音频导览已经没有了。
(1)announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that… 据宣布……
(2)announcement n. 通告;宣告
make an announcement 发表公告
(3)announcer n. 播音员;广播员
［温馨提示］announce后不能跟双宾语,即不能用 announce sb sth,
而要用 announce sth to sb。后面不能接双宾语的动词还有
suggest, explain, report, express等。
【佳句背诵】
We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre
will soon be open to the public once again!
我们高兴地宣布,社区体育中心将很快再次向公众开放!
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①［2024·北京卷］I was reading a book in the classroom when
there was an _______________ (announce).
②The judges did not know the runner was physically disabled
until the first prize winner ________________ (announce).
announcement
was announced
③All the teachers and students heard it ___________ (announce)
that the campus cultural festival， postponed due to bad
weather, would continue as planned next month.
announced
◆完成句子
④［2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写］Finally came the big day!
_______________________________, I mounted the stage against
wild cheers and thunderous applause.
重要的一天终于到来了! 当我的名字被宣布时,我在狂热的欢呼声和
雷鸣般的掌声中登上了舞台。
When my name was announced
⑤The campus cultural festival _______________________________
____________ is finally coming next week, which includes various
activities like folk dance shows, calligraphy exhibitions and
traditional music performances.(应用文写作之通知)
学期初就宣布的校园文化节终于将于下周举行，它包含了各种活动，
如民族舞蹈表演、书法展览以及传统音乐演出。
announced at the beginning of
the semester
3.approach vt.& vi.靠近 n.接近;方法;途径
(教材P42)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so
many people around.
由于周围有很多人,接近那幅画很难。
(1)approach sth/sb 接近/靠近某物/某人
(2)with the approach of=with+名词+approaching 随着……的到来
an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法
［温馨提示］approach作名词表示“方法;途径;通路”之意时,其后常接
介词 to; means, method表示“方法”时,其后常接介词of,而way 后除
了接of之外,还常用不定式作后置定语。
【佳句背诵】
As spring is approaching/With spring approaching, the flowers
in the garden are coming to life overnight.
随着春天的来临,花园里的花一夜之间焕发了生机。
【活学活用】
◆单句填空
①As a result of the heavy rain, all the approaches ____ the
airport were blocked for the moment.
②They are trying their best to find a new approach to
________ (solve) these complex problems.
③_____________ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone
statue of about 10 metres in height.
to
solving
Approaching
◆完成句子
④［2022·全国乙卷书面表达］I suggest that we _______________
___________________ best suited to us for learning English. Only
in that way can we improve our English effectively.
我建议我们尝试最适合自己的不同方法来学习英语。只有这样，我
们才能有效地提高我们的英语水平。
(should) try
different approaches
⑤［2021·浙江6月考读后续写］_______________________________
_________________________________, I noticed my dad and
mum standing beside the old truck, and looking sad.
一走近房子,我就注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,神情悲伤。
As soon as I approached the
house/Upon approaching the house
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“历史和传统”的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的问题。
History is rich in traditions ①passed down from
generation to generation. Take the Mid-Autumn Festival as an
example. The mooncakes ②carefully made by families are a
symbol of reunion. People sit outside, with the table ③filled
with various fruits and snacks. During preparations, they have
the windows ④cleaned to welcome the festival. The festival, ⑤
deeply rooted in our culture, leaves us with warm memories.
【自主发现】
以上语段中，①、②、⑤为过去分词作______；③、④为过去分词
作____________。
定语
宾语补足语
【语法精析】
一、过去分词作定语
1.意义:及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成;不及物动词
的过去分词作定语不表示被动,只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成。如:
a polluted river一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成,不表示被动。如:
fallen leaves落叶
the risen sun升起的太阳
2.位置:单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短
语作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。如:
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
3.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别:
(1)语态不同:现在分词表示主动;过去分词表示被动。如:
The question discussed was very important.
被讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in
2016.
矗立在街角的那所房子是2016年建的。
(2)时间关系上不同:现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已
经完成。如:
the changing world变化着的世界
the changed world改变了的世界
boiling water沸腾的水
boiled water开水
developing countries发展中国家
developed countries发达国家
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面作宾语补足语。如:
He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast
untouched.
他起得晚,没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
2.过去分词用在使役动词have, get和make的后面作宾语补足语。如:
(1)“have/get+宾语+过去分词”结构可以表示两种含义:“让某事被做”
或“遭遇到某种不幸”。 如:
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane
left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时,克莱尔对行李进行了托运。
While they were on holiday, they had/got their car broken
into.
他们在度假时,他们的汽车被撬开了。
(2)在“make+宾语+过去分词”这种结构中,过去分词表示结果。如:
They managed to make themselves understood by using very
simple English.
他们用很简单的英语成功使自己被理解。
3.感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后,可用过去分词
作宾语补足语。如:
When we saw the road blocked with snow,we decided to
spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后,我们决定在家度过假期。
The next morning, people found the world outside their houses
completely changed.
第二天早上,人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
4.表示“意愿,命令”的动词,如like,want,wish,expect,order等可用过去分
词作宾语补足语。如:
The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this
week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
5.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,与宾语之间是动宾关
系。如:
The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already
laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁,餐桌已摆好，饭菜即将上桌。
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work
finished, he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了一份晚宴邀请函,而且他的工作也做完了,他就欣然接受了
邀请。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ单句填空
1.Data _________ (collect) from the device could be used to
recognize different participants based on how they typed, with
very low error rates.
collected
2.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping ____________ (endanger)
cranes with their reproduction.
3.A _______ (retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been
offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
endangered
retired
4.Scientists have built an early warning system_______(base) on
mathematical models.
5.To my surprise, the tofu beneath the ______ (fry) skin was
warm, soft, and mouth-watering.
6.All the afternoon he worked with the door_______(lock) so
that he wouldn't be disturbed.
based
fried
locked
7.I had my computer _________ (repair) at your store last
month, but I found the issues ______ (fix) by your technician
still remained.
repaired
fixed
8.The__________ (schedule) meeting which is very important for
all departments will be held in the conference hall at 9 am
tomorrow.
scheduled
Ⅱ语法与写作
1.The book __________________________________________ is a
must-read for anyone ____________________. (应用文写作之推荐
信)
这位著名作家写的这本书，对于任何对历史感兴趣的人来说都是必
读之物。
written by this well-known/renowned author
interested in history
2.The concert ________________________________ was a great
success. We are now planning another musical event for all
students.(应用文写作之通知)
上周在学校礼堂举行的音乐会非常成功。我们现在正在为所有学生
筹备另一场音乐活动。
held in the school hall last week
3._____________________________________________________ last
week has caused me a lot of trouble, so I hope you can give
me a satisfactory solution as soon as possible. (应用文写作之投
诉信)
我上周从你们店里购买的这部损坏的手机给我带来了很多麻烦，所
以我希望你们能尽快给我一个满意的解决方案。
The damaged cellphone which I bought from your store
4.The school will _________________________________________
properly for the inspection tomorrow. Teachers are required to
ensure that everything is in order.(keep+宾语+宾补)
(应用文写作之通知)
为了明天的检查，学校会确保教室保持干净且布置妥当。老师们需
要确保一切井然有序。
keep the classrooms cleaned and arranged
5.When I arrived at the hotel, I _____________________________
_________ with fresh flowers and a welcome note, which made
me feel so warm and special. (find+宾语+宾补)(应用文写作之感
谢信)
当我到达酒店时，我发现我的房间被鲜花和一张欢迎卡片装饰得很
漂亮，这让我感到无比温暖和特别。
found my room decorated
beautifully
练 习 册
Ⅰ单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1.With the audience _______ (seat) on benches, chairs or boxes,
the outdoor concert created a relaxing and informal atmosphere.
seated
2.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ______
(spend) with his students.
spent
3.They make great gifts and you see them many times
__________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of
good fortune.
decorated
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.Being overweight can cause depression even when no other
health problems exist, according to a study __________ (publish)
Tuesday by the University of Exeter.
published
5.A study of travellers ___________ (conduct) by the website
TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations
in the world.
conducted
6.Mary couldn't make herself _____(pay) attention to due to so
much noise made by her classmates.
paid
7.I like eating ______ (fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I think it
must be easy to cook.
fried
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.When we finally reached the service desk, we heard it
___________ (announce) that there were no more tickets left.
announced
9.Tom's ancestors once attended to a soldier __________
(wound) in the Second World War.
wounded
10.Those _______ (invite) to the conference were all famous
professors from some universities.
invited
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅱ语法与写作(每小题3分，满分15分)
1.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to
______________________ of his own dreams.(keep)
迈克尔在床边贴了一张姚明的照片,来提醒他自己的梦想。
keep himself reminded
2.I am very busy now. It is likely that I will __________________
____________________. (have)
我现在很忙。我可能会找人把我的小孩送去学校。
have my little
child taken to school
3.The manager was satisfied to ______________________________
__________ after great effort. (see)
经理看到许多新产品经过巨大努力被开发出来,感到很满意。
see many new products
developed
1
2
3
4
5
4.You can _________________________ using food delivery apps
and sites. (get)
你可以使用外卖应用软件和网站让食物被送到你身边。
get food delivered to you
5.When he arrived at the airport, he found himself ___________
___________________. (surround)
当他到达机场时,他发现自己被一群仰慕者围着。
surrounded
by a group of fans
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Ⅲ阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
［2025·甘肃省多校高一期末联考］
Hundreds of years old and with a proud Scottish history,
reeling(里尔舞) is a type of country dancing that is still popular.
Performed by young and old dancers, it often involves at least
two couples in each set. A couple is two individual people,
either male or female, dancing together.
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Scottish reeling is usually quite quick with dancers and
couples changing positions, joining and linking others and
having to learn lots of fun moves and routines. It might look
complicated to learn, but with practice you can soon pick up
the basics. You learn from experienced dancers who will slowly
walk you through the steps.
Reeling also means the type of traditional music that
accompanies the dances. An accordion(手风琴) often sets the
tune for dances. A violin, a piano and drums can also be used.
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Two of the basic types of steps are travelling and setting
steps. Travelling steps move dancers around and include precise
hops, skips and placing your feet in certain positions. Setting
steps are used for dancing on the spot and typically require a
dancer to take a small step to the side, then bring their other
foot over and change weight to their other leg.
The circle is an easy dance move. Dancers in a set join
hands in a circle and dance round to the left, before going
back the other way to finish where they started. This is also
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known as the hands round—a “four hands round” is done by
four dancers, a “six hands round” by six dancers. Other dance
moves include the cast, corners, hands across and rights and
lefts. You need to keep in time with the music as you dance,
which is helped by following what your partner or the other
people in your set do.
Go to /TWJ-reeling to know more about this
amazing dancing.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了起源于苏格兰的里尔舞，
包括其音乐形式，基本的舞步和舞蹈动作，鼓励读者去了解和学习
这种传统舞蹈。
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( )1.At least how many dancers are needed to perform
reeling
A.Two. B.Four. C.Six. D.A hundred.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“Performed by young and old
dancers, it often involves at least two couples in each set. A
couple is two individual people, either male or female, dancing
together.”可知，里尔舞每组至少需要两对，所以至少需要4人。故
选B项。
√
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( )2.Which is the least common music instrument in a
reeling dancing party
A.A guitar. B.A piano.
C.An accordion. D.A violin.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An accordion(手风琴) often
sets the tune for dances. A violin, a piano and drums can also
be used.”可知，吉他不是常用乐器。故选A项。
√
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( )3.What do setting steps require a dancer to do
A.Hop and skip precisely.
B.Move another dancer around.
C.Join hands in a circle and dance.
D.Take a step to the side and then bring the other foot over.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段“Setting steps are used for
dancing on the spot and typically require a dancer to take a
small step to the side, then bring their other foot over and
change weight to their other leg.”可知，舞者需要向一侧迈一小步，
然后把另一只脚移过来，把重心转移到另一条腿上。故选D项。
√
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( )4.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To promote a traditional dancing.
B.To state the importance of reeling.
C.To introduce two basic dance moves.
D.To encourage people to enjoy dancing.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段“Hundreds of years old and with
a proud Scottish history, reeling(里尔舞) is a type of country
dancing that is still popular. Performed by young and old
dancers, it often involves at least two couples in each set. A
couple is two individual people, either male or female, dancing
together.”和最后一段“Go to /TWJ-reeling to know
more about this amazing dancing.”可知，本文是在介绍一种苏格
兰的传统舞蹈，并借以推广。故选A项。
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Ⅳ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
［2025·江苏省天一中学高一期末］
In Russia, guests almost receive a warm welcome. People in
the country go out of their way to make sure visitors have
everything. In ancient Russia, bread and salt symbolized a boom
and health, so hosts would put on their best clothes and offer
bread together with salt to their guests.
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1.___ No bread at home means there's nothing to eat—no
meal doesn't include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is
probably the most famous Russian proverb.
Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world. 2.___
During the mid-17th century， the rising price of salt led to
riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished
(废除) at the end of the 19th century—only afterwards did salt
become affordable. 3.___
B
F
G
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According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in
national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a
salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece
of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat. 4.___ An old belief is
that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will be
reconciled (和解).
In today's Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be
witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants
prepared for foreign tourists. 5.___ Parents of the newlyweds
E
C
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welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony.
The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it
in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready
to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each
other.
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A.It was believed that this gesture expressed rudeness.
B.Bread in Russian culture is considered an important thing.
C.Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings.
D.Many foreigners visiting Russia have come across a strange
welcome.
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E.This signals that a friendship has been formed between the
two parties.
F.But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not
everyone could afford it.
G.That's why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when
they received guests.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了俄罗斯人以面包和盐欢迎
客人的传统习俗。乍看之下，这一习俗或许令人感到奇怪，然而它
实际上是俄罗斯历史悠久的传统，主要用于迎接重要客人。文章深
入阐述了这个独特习俗背后的原因，揭示了其蕴含的文化意义。
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1.___
B
[解析] 由下文“No bread at home means there's nothing to
eat—no meal doesn't include bread. ‘Bread is the staff of life’ is
probably the most famous Russian proverb.”可知，本段主要阐述
面包在俄罗斯的重要性；B选项“Bread in Russian culture is
considered an important thing.”指出面包在俄罗斯文化中被认为是
很重要的东西，符合语境。故选B。
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2.___
F
[解析] 上文“Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world.”指
出在现代世界上是不缺盐的；F选项“But in ancient Russia, it was
rather expensive and not everyone could afford it.”指出在古代俄
罗斯，盐非常贵，不是每个人都能买得起的，与上文形成对比、转
折关系，today与in ancient Russia相对应；下文“During the mid-
17th century， the rising price of salt led to riots(暴乱) in
Moscow.”承接F选项，进一步阐述在古代俄罗斯，盐非常昂贵，不是
每个人都能买得起的。由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。
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3.___
G
[解析] 上文“During the mid-17th century， the rising price of
salt led to riots(暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely
abolished(废除) at the end of the 19th century—only afterwards
did salt become affordable.”说明在古代俄罗斯，盐非常昂贵与稀缺，
不是每个人都能买得起的；G选项“That's why Russians kept it for
special occasions, like when they received guests.”承接上文，说
明就是因为在古代俄罗斯盐非常珍贵，所以俄罗斯人为特殊场合保
存盐，上文与G选项构成因果关系，选项中的that指代上文阐述的内
容，代词it指代salt。故选G。
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4.___
E
[解析] 上文“According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies
in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a
salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece
of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat.”描述了俄罗斯人用面包和
盐来迎接客人的传统； E选项“This signals that a friendship has
been formed between the two parties.”承接上文，说明俄罗斯人
用面包和盐来迎接客人，客人小心地掰下一块面包蘸盐吃就表明双
方建立了友谊；this指代上文“…carefully break off a piece of the
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bread, dip it in the salt and eat.”；下文“An old belief is that if
the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will be
reconciled(和解).”进一步讲述在俄罗斯人的传统信念中面包和盐的重
要性，分享面包和盐意味着敌对双方和解。故选E。
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5.___
C
[解析] 上文“In today's Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can
be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants
prepared for foreign tourists.”指出在正式场合依然可以看到用面包
和盐来迎接客人；下文“Parents of the newlyweds welcome their
children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband
and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and
feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any
difficulties in life and always take care of each other.”
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描述了在传统的俄罗斯婚礼上新婚夫妇的父母在仪式结束后用面包
和盐欢迎他们的孩子的场景；C选项“Most often you can see this
at traditional Russian weddings.”指出在俄罗斯传统婚礼中经常可以
看到面包蘸盐的习俗，选项中this与上文this tradition以及it指代用面
包和盐迎接客人，traditional Russian weddings与下文the
newlyweds相照应。由此可知，C选项符合语境。故选C。
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Ⅴ完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
［2025·山西太原高一期末考试］
When I was 8 years old, my family received a dinner
invitation from the Thompsons, a wealthy and highly respected
family in our neighbourhood. I heard that their family . .1. .
traditional table manners, and their home was set with lots of
fancy and . .2. . chinaware that I had never seen before. I was
really . .3. ..
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But as the day was approaching, I suddenly began to
become anxious. I even thought it was like an . .4. .. I turned to
my mum and said, “Mum, I fear being . .5. . if I have improper
table manners. What if I use the wrong fork or something ” In
the following days, Mum, though not an expert, tried her best
to . .6. . me step by step.
The dinner started with a soup. I felt quite . .7. . as I
handled the first course without mistakes. However, the second
course . .8. . me. I was not skilled at cutting chicken with a knife.
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My nervousness caused me to . .9. . knock over a china cup. I
became so embarrassed and tried to quickly set things right.
Mrs Thompson noticed what had happened to me and said
in a(n) . .10. . voice, “It's quite alright, dear. We all have moments
when we need to . .11. .. Just take your time and enjoy the . .12. ..”
I took a deep breath and nodded, getting . .13. . from her words.
I felt at home then.
The dinner . .14. . with a sweet chocolate cake. It tasted even
sweeter. This evening brought me enjoyment and . .15. . from
others, and it became a sweet memory.
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【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者 8 岁时的一段经历。
当时，作者受邀参加 Thompson 家的晚宴，由于对餐桌礼仪不甚了
解，心中满是担忧与焦虑。后来，在Thompson 夫人的安慰下，作
者逐渐放松下来。这场晚宴也成为作者记忆深处一段甜蜜而珍贵的
回忆。
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( )1.A.taught B.followed C.avoided D.designed
[解析] 由下文traditional table manners以及语境可知，此处说的是
Thompson一家遵循传统餐桌礼仪。故选B。teach教； follow遵循；
avoid避免；design设计。
( )2.A.costly B.plain C.familiar D.suitable
[解析] 由上文a wealthy and highly respected family可知，这家人
很富有，所以家里的瓷器应该是精美且昂贵的。故选A。 costly昂贵
的；plain朴素的；familiar熟悉的； suitable合适的。
√
√
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( )3.A.confident B.anxious C.curious D.shocked
[解析] 由上文“…their home was set with lots of fancy
and…chinaware that I had never seen before.”可知，作者从未见
过这些东西，所以应该是感到好奇。故选C。 confident自信的；
anxious焦虑的； curious好奇的；shocked震惊的。
( )4.A.inspiration B.error C.encounter D.adventure
[解析] 由上文“But as the day was approaching, I suddenly
began to become anxious.”可知，作者原本好奇，但临近赴宴时变
得焦虑，觉得这就像一场冒险。故选D。 inspiration灵感来源；
error错误；encounter相遇； adventure冒险。
√
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( )5.A.turned down B.laughed at
C.picked out D.forgotten about
[解析] 由下文“…if I have improper table manners.”以及语境可知，
作者担心自己餐桌礼仪不当会被Thompson一家嘲笑。故选B。 turn
down拒绝；laugh at嘲笑； pick out挑选； forget about忘记。
( )6.A.limit B.push C.resist D.guide
[解析] 根据前文作者担心会因餐桌礼仪不当被嘲笑，以及“…Mum,
though not an expert, tried her best to…”可知，这里指妈妈尽力
指导作者。故选D。 limit限制；push推动；resist抵抗；guide指导。
√
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( )7.A.relaxed B.nervous C.awkward D.thirsty
[解析] 由下文“…as I handled the first course without mistakes.”
可知，作者第一道菜没有出错，所以感到放松。故选A。 relaxed放
松的； nervous紧张的；awkward尴尬的； thirsty口渴的。
( )8.A.supported B.challenged
C.reminded D.surprised
[解析] 由下文“I was not skilled at cutting chicken with a knife.”
可知，作者不擅长用刀切鸡肉，所以第二道菜对作者来说是个挑战。
故选B。 support支持； challenge挑战； remind提醒；surprise使
惊讶。
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( )9.A.regularly B.specially C.silently D.accidentally
[解析] 由下文knock over a china cup以及语境可知，作者因为紧
张意外打翻了瓷杯。故选D。 regularly定期地；specially特别地；
silently安静地； accidentally偶然地，意外地。
( )10.A.serious B.exciting C.low D.formal
[解析] 由下文“It's quite alright, dear.”可知，Thompson夫人在安慰
作者，所以应该是用温和的声音说话。故选C。 serious严肃的；
exciting令人兴奋的； low低声的，温和的； formal正式的。
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( )11.A.defend B.adapt C.refuse D.miss
[解析] 由上文“It's quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知，Thompson夫
人在安慰作者，说大家都有需要适应新情况的时候。故选B。defend
保卫；adapt适应；refuse拒绝； miss错过。
( )12.A.meal B.dessert C.family D.style
[解析] 由上文“Just take your time and enjoy the…”以及语境可知，
这是在吃饭的时候，Thompson夫人让作者慢慢来，享受这顿饭。故
选A。meal饭；dessert甜点；family家庭； style风格。
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( )13.A.pressure B.opportunity
C.praise D.comfort
[解析] 由上文“It's quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知，这是
Thompson夫人安慰作者的话，这里指作者从她的话中得到了安慰。
故选D。 pressure压力；opportunity机会； praise表扬； comfort
安慰。
( )14.A.mixed B.dealt C.ended D.met
[解析] 由下文with a sweet chocolate cake以及语境可知，这里指
晚餐以巧克力蛋糕结束。end with表示“以……结束”。故选C。mix
混合； deal处理；end结束； meet遇见。
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( )15.A.respect B.interest C.identity D.tradition
[解析] 由上文“It's quite alright, dear.”以及语境可知，这里指从
Thompson夫人对作者的安慰，作者感受到了他人的尊重。故选A。
respect尊重； interest兴趣； identity身份； tradition传统。
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Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
导学案
语言精讲
1.①charged ②charged ③充电 ④向……方向冲去 ⑤占主导
地位 ⑥指控 ⑦收费 ⑧be in charge of/take charge of
2. ①announcement ②was announced ③announced
④When my name was announced ⑤announced at the
beginning of the semester
3. ①to ②solving ③Approaching ④（should） try different
approaches ⑤As soon as I approached the house/Upon
approaching the house
语法归纳
【自主发现】
定语；宾语补足语
【实战演练】
Ⅰ
1.collected 2.endangered 3.retired 4.based 5.fried
6. locked 7.repaired；fixed 8.scheduled
Ⅱ
1.written by this well-known/renowned authorinterested in
history
2.held in the school hall last week
3.The damaged cellphone which I bought from your store
4.keep the classrooms cleaned and arranged
5.found my room decorated beautifully
练习册
Ⅰ
1.seated 2.spent 3.decorated 4.published 5.conducted
6.paid 7.fried 8.announced 9.wounded 10.invited
Ⅱ
1.keep himself reminded 2.have my little child taken to
school 3.see many new products developed 4.get food
delivered to you 5.surrounded by a group of fans
Ⅲ
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A
Ⅳ
1.B 2.F 3.G 4.E 5.C
Ⅴ
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.B
12.A 13.D 14.C 15.A
